Protein Partners, LLP v. Lincoln Provision, Inc.
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SECOND DIVISION
OCTOBER 19, 2010
1-09-0823
PROTEIN PARTNERS, LLP, a Colorado Limited
Partnership,
Plaintiff-Appellee,
v.
LINCOLN PROVISION, INC., d/b/a Chicago Gourmet
Steaks,
Defendant-Appellant.
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Appeal from the
Circuit Court of
Cook County.
No. 08 M1 602017
Honorable
Patrick J. Sherlock,
Judge Presiding.
JUSTICE CUNNINGHAM delivered the opinion of the court:
The plaintiff, Protein Partners, brought an action against the defendant, Lincoln Provision, in
Ohio to recover commissions allegedly owed to Protein Partners for services it rendered in Ohio.
Lincoln Provision was served with the complaint according to the rules of Ohio civil procedure.
Lincoln Provision did not file an appearance, and a default judgment was entered against it in Ohio.
Protein Partners subsequently registered the Ohio judgment in the circuit court of Cook County on
December 23, 2008. Thirty-seven days after the registration of the Ohio judgment in Cook County,
Lincoln Provision filed a motion in the circuit court of Cook County to quash Protein Partners’
registration of the Ohio judgment. Lincoln Provision’s motion to quash was denied by the circuit
court of Cook County.
Lincoln Provision filed a timely appeal to this court and raised the following issues: (1)
whether an Illinois court should quash the registration of a foreign judgment because the plaintiff in
the foreign state was not registered to do business in that state as required for standing under the
foreign state’s law, (2) whether the Illinois Uniform Enforcement of Foreign Judgments Act (735
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ILCS 5/12-650 et seq. (West 2008)) limits a party to registering a foreign judgment without any
modification of the names of the parties as shown in the foreign judgment, and (3) whether an Ohio
statute violates the due process clause of the United States Constitution because of the manner of
service of process on corporations allowed by the Ohio statute.
Upon initial review of the opening briefs of the parties, this court on its own motion directed
the parties to address specific jurisdictional issues by way of supplemental briefs on the following
issues: (1) whether the circuit court of Cook County had jurisdiction to hear Lincoln Provision’s
motion to quash the registration of the Ohio judgment filed 37 days after entry of the circuit court’s
order, and if not, (2) whether the circuit court was revested with jurisdiction to rule on the motion
to quash, (3) whether the motion to quash can be construed as a petition under section 2-1401 of the
Code of Civil Procedure (735 ILCS 5/2-1401 (West 2008)), and (4) whether this court has
jurisdiction to hear this appeal.
For the reasons that follow, we affirm the judgment of the circuit court of Cook County which
recognized the Ohio judgment upon registration of that judgment in the circuit court of Cook County
by the plaintiff, Protein Partners.
BACKGROUND
The record establishes the following facts. The plaintiff-appellee, Protein Partners, LLP, a
food broker, filed a lawsuit in Summit County, Ohio, in December 2007 against the defendantappellant, Lincoln Provision, Inc., d/b/a Chicago Gourmet Steaks, to recover commissions allegedly
owed to Protein Partners for services rendered in Ohio regarding the sale of meats. The complaint
was captioned, “Protein Partners v. Lincoln Provision, Inc. d/b/a Chicago Gourmet Steaks.” Protein
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Partners’ complaint recited that it was a Colorado limited liability partnership doing business in the
County of Summit, State of Ohio. The complaint further stated that Lincoln Provision was, and is,
an Illinois corporation that had registered an alias name of “Chicago Gourmet Steaks” with the
Illinois Secretary of State.
Lincoln Provision was served with the Ohio complaint via certified mail at its company’s
Chicago address. The address on the envelope in which the complaint was mailed was not addressed
to a specific individual and contained only the company name as the addressee, which is allowable
under applicable Ohio law. The return signature card from the post office showed that someone at
Lincoln Provision’s office received the certified mail containing the Ohio complaint. Lincoln
Provision did not appear nor respond to the Ohio lawsuit. On June 18, 2008, a default judgment for
$16,603 plus interest and costs was entered against Lincoln Provision in the Ohio court where the
lawsuit had been filed. The caption of the Ohio judgment order contained the names “Protein
Partners” as the plaintiff and “Chicago Gourmet Steaks” as the defendant. The Ohio court ruled in
favor of Protein Partners, and the body of the judgment order states that a judgment had been entered
“for the Plaintiff and against the Defendant.” Lincoln Provision did not pay the judgment.
On December 23, 2008, Protein Partners filed an action in the circuit court of Cook County
captioned “Protein Partners, LLP” versus “Lincoln Provision, Inc. d/b/a Chicago Gourmet Steaks,”
in which it registered the Ohio judgment in Cook County. Notice of the filing and registration of the
Ohio judgment was sent via certified mail specifically addressed to the president of Lincoln Provision
(who was also the company’s registered agent), at the company’s Chicago address, in accordance
with the Illinois Uniform Enforcement of Foreign Judgments Act (Foreign Judgments Act) ( 735
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ILCS 5/12-650 et seq. (West 2008)). On January 5, 2009, Protein Partners initiated two citations
to discover assets of Lincoln Provision.
On January 29, 2009, which was 37 days after the Ohio judgment had been registered in
Illinois, Lincoln Provision filed a “Motion to Quash and for Sanctions.” In its motion, Lincoln
Provision alleged that: (1) it was not served properly in the original Ohio case, and (2) the Ohio
judgment was against “Chicago Gourmet Steaks,” an alias of Lincoln Provision’s, and therefore the
judgment was not valid. Lincoln Provision requested that Protein Partners’ action to register the
Ohio judgment in Illinois be quashed. Protein Partners responded to Lincoln Provision’s motion by
alleging that: (1) Lincoln Provision was legally and admittedly served in the Ohio case; and (2) the
Ohio judgment properly identified Lincoln Provision in the lawsuit.
In its subsequent “Reply in Support of Motion to Quash,” Lincoln Provision alleged several
issues which are summarized as follows: (1) Protein Partners was attempting to use fraud since the
Ohio judgment was void ab initio because Protein Partners was not registered to do business in Ohio
and Ohio law prohibits a foreign partnership which is not registered in Ohio from maintaining a
lawsuit in Ohio courts; (2) the plaintiff “Protein Partners” does not exist and that fact was implicitly
acknowledged by Protein Partners when it changed its name to “Protein Partners, LLP” in registering
the Ohio judgment in Illinois; (3) the defendant named in the Ohio judgment does not exist; (4) it was
impermissible for Protein Partners to attempt to modify the Ohio judgment by changing the names
of the parties after the entry of the judgment by the Ohio court and before registering the judgment
in Illinois; and (5) although service to Lincoln Provision by certified mail was valid under Ohio law,
this type of service offends Illinois law and public policy including due process and should therefore
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be held to be void.
Lincoln Provision’s motion to quash was denied by the circuit court of Cook County on
February 27, 2009, without explanation. The record on appeal does not contain a transcript of the
hearing and there is no agreed stipulation of facts or a bystander’s report.
On March 27, 2009, Lincoln Provision appealed the circuit court’s denial of its motion to
quash registration and entry of the Ohio judgment. In its initial brief on appeal, Lincoln Provision
claimed that the appellate court has jurisdiction over this case pursuant to Illinois Supreme Court
Rules 303 (appeals from final judgments) and 304(b)(3) (appeal from a judgment or order denying
relief requested under section 2-1401 of the Code of Civil Procedure). 210 Ill. 2d Rs. 303; 304(b)(3).
On appeal, Lincoln Provision raised the following issues: (1) whether an Illinois court should
quash the registration of a foreign judgment because the plaintiff in the foreign state was not
registered to do business in that state as required for standing under the foreign state’s law; (2)
whether the Foreign Judgments Act limits a party to registering a foreign judgment without any
modification of the names of the parties as shown in the foreign judgment; and (3) whether the Ohio
statute violates the due process clause of the United States Constitution because it permits service
of process on corporations by certified United States mail with an envelope addressed to the
corporation in general, with no specific person named.
After reviewing the parties’ briefs and the record, this court ordered supplemental briefing by
the parties on the following issues: (1) whether the trial court had jurisdiction to hear Lincoln
Provision’s motion to quash the registration and entry of the Ohio judgment filed 37 days after entry
of the court’s order allowing registration, and if not; (2) whether the trial court was revested with
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jurisdiction to rule on the motion to quash; (3) whether the motion to quash can be construed as a
section 2-1401 petition; and (4) whether this court has jurisdiction to hear this appeal.
ANALYSIS
We note that the purpose of the Foreign Judgements Act is to implement the full faith and
credit clause of the federal Constitution and to facilitate interstate enforcement of judgments in a
jurisdiction were the judgment debtor is found. Ace Metal Fabricating Co. v. Arvid C. Walberg &
Co., 135 Ill. App. 3d 452, 455, 481 N.E.2d 1066, 1069 (1985). The standard of review that applies
to issues of law involving the registration of foreign judgments is de novo. Robillard v. Berends, 371
Ill. App. 3d 10, 14, 861 N.E.2d 1152, 1156 (2007).
This court requested that the parties address whether the circuit court of Cook County had
jurisdiction to hear Lincoln Provision’s motion to quash the registration and entry of the Ohio
judgment. The record reveals that Protein Partners filed an action registering the Ohio judgment in
Illinois on December 23, 2008. Subsequently Protein Partners issued two citations to discover assets,
one to Lincoln Provision, and the other to a third-party bank. Both citations had a return date of
January 29, 2009. The bank acknowledged that it held funds belonging to Lincoln Provision, and
Protein Partners’ motion for an order compelling the bank to turn over the funds was to be presented
to the circuit court of Cook County on January 29, 2009. That same day, which was 37 days after
the Ohio judgment had been filed in the circuit court of Cook County, Lincoln Provision filed its
appearance1 and motion to quash registration of the Ohio judgment. Protein Partners did not object
1
There is no record of the filing of Lincoln Provision’s appearance in the record on appeal,
but Lincoln Provision’s motion to quash states that “the defendant having filed an Appearance and
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to Lincoln Provision’s motion on the ground that it was untimely.
A foreign judgment filed in the circuit court of Cook County under the Foreign Judgment Act
is treated as any other Illinois judgment and is subject to the same procedures and defenses as any
judgment entered in the circuit court of Cook County. 735 ILCS 5/12-652(a) (West 2008). A
posttrial motion, such as a motion to quash a judgment, must be filed within 30 days of the date that
the judgment is entered. 735 ILCS 5/2-1203(a) (West 2008). In this case, Lincoln Provision did not
file its motion to quash until 37 days after the Ohio judgment was registered and entered by the circuit
court of Cook County.
Lincoln Provision argues that a judgment entered by an Illinois court can be attacked for lack
of service at any time and cites State Bank of Lake Zurich v. Thill, 113 Ill. 2d 294, 497 N.E.2d 1156
(1986), for support. In that case, our supreme court held that service on the defendant was defective
and noted that a party attacking a judgment for lack of personal jurisdiction due to defective service
can do so at any time, in any court, either directly or collaterally. Thill, 113 Ill. 2d at 309, 497 N.E.2d
at 1162. Therefore, Lincoln Provision argues, the fact that its motion to quash was filed beyond 30
days is of no consequence under these facts. Lincoln Provision misapprehends the application of Thill
to the facts of this case.
Lincoln Provision admits that service in the Ohio lawsuit was valid under Ohio law, but argues
that this type of service offends Illinois law and public policy as well as due process. However, we
note that Lincoln Provision’s argument, which relies on Thill, is not based upon defective service in
a Motion to Quash.”
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the original Ohio lawsuit, since service was proper under Ohio law, the original venue of the lawsuit
and judgment. Thus the Thill case is not applicable to these facts.
Another issue that we asked the parties to address was whether Lincoln Provision’s motion
to quash can be construed as a section 2-1401 petition. 735 ILCS 5/2-1401 (West 2008). Lincoln
Provision notes that courts have consistently held that the controlling issue is the substance of a
motion and the caption does not matter. It cites Schuman v. Department of Revenue, 38 Ill. 2d 571,
573, 232 N.E.2d 732, 733 (1967), and Northern Illinois Gas Co. v. Midwest Mole, Inc., 199 Ill App.
3d 109, 115, 556 N.E.2d 1276, 1280 (1990), in support of its argument. In general, the applicable
requirements regarding the filing of a section 2-1401 petition is that a party may file a petition after
30 days have passed since the judgment was entered, and within 2 years of the filing of the judgment,
where the moving party can show: (1) a meritorious defense; (2) due diligence in presenting the
defense in the original action; and (3) due diligence in filing the section 2-1401 petition. Our courts
have repeatedly held that an untimely postjudgment motion must be viewed as a section 2-1401
motion by the appellate court because it is the only vehicle that a party may use once the 30 days has
expired. See Schuman v. Department of Revenue, 38 Ill. 2d 571, 573, 232 N.E.2d 732, 733 (1967).
Protein Partners admits in its brief that Lincoln Provision’s motion to quash could be
characterized as a section 2-1401 petition.2 However, Protein Partners argues that the only issue that
the circuit court of Cook County obtained jurisdiction over was the issue of whether the Ohio
2
Section 2-1401 provides explicit methods of service to the nonmoving party. However,
Protein Partners admits that it forfeited any objection to improper service by Lincoln Provision by
not raising a service argument in its response to Lincoln Provision’s motion. Padilla v. Vazquez,
223 Ill. App. 3d 1018, 1024, 586 N.E.2d 309, 313 (1992).
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judgment was void because the defendant claimed that the Ohio court did not have personal
jurisdiction over the defendant.
We examine the case of Sarkissian v. Chicago Board of Education, 201 Ill. 2d 95, 776
N.E.2d 195 (2002), which both parties rely on in their briefs. In Sarkissian, our supreme court
recognized that a motion to vacate a void judgment for lack of service that is filed more than 30 days
after the judgment was entered is properly designated a section 2-1401 petition. An attack on a
judgment on the basis of voidness may be construed as a section 2-1401 petition, and satisfaction of
the time constraints or the requirement of a meritorious defense or due diligence is not necessary.
Sarkissian, 201 Ill. 2d at 105, 776 N.E.2d at 202. Accordingly, we find that Lincoln Provision’s
motion to quash registration of the Ohio judgment was in effect a petition under section 2-1401. The
denial of Lincoln Provision’s motion was therefore a final and appealable order, vesting this court
with jurisdiction. Review of a judgment on a section 2-1401 petition that is requesting relief based
on the allegation that the judgment is void, shall be de novo. People v. Vincent, 226 Ill. 2d 1, 18,
871 N.E.2d 17, 28 (2007); Rockford Financial Systems, Inc. v. Borgetti, ___ Ill. App. 3d ___, ___,
932 N.E.2d 1152, 1158 (2010) (No. 2-08-1236).
Next, we examine each of the defenses Lincoln Provision invokes as grounds for defeating
the Ohio judgment. The case of Doctor’s Associates, Inc. v. Duree, 319 Ill. App. 3d 1032, 745
N.E.2d 1270 (2001), is instructive in our analysis regarding the grounds on which the judgment of
a sister state may be challenged by a judgment debtor once the judgment has been duly registered in
Illinois. Collateral attacks are allowed only on the grounds that (1) the rendering court lacked subject
matter or personal jurisdiction in the case, or (2) the foreign judgment was procured by extrinsic
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fraud, or (3) the judgment has been satisfied or otherwise released, or (4) that the defending party was
denied due process of law, or any other ground that would render the judgment invalid or
unenforceable. Doctor’s Associates, 319 Ill. App. 3d at 1040, 745 N.E.2d at 1278.
In the case at hand, the record shows that the Ohio court had jurisdiction over Lincoln
Provision because it was served according to Ohio law. Someone at Lincoln Provision’s corporate
offices signed for the envelope containing the summons and complaint regarding the Ohio lawsuit.
There is no dispute that the judgment has not been satisfied. Thus, we turn to Lincoln Provision’s
argument that Protein Partners committed fraud in procuring the judgment. It is well settled that
where extrinsic fraud existed in the procurement of a judgment, the court acquired only colorable
jurisdiction. Doctor’s Associates, 319 Ill. App. 3d at 1043, 745 N.E.2d at 1280, citing Pinnacle
Arabians, Inc. v. Schmidt, 274 Ill. App. 3d 504, 510, 654 N.E.2d 262, 266 (1995). Extrinsic fraud
is collateral to the issues of a case and prevents the unsuccessful party from having a fair opportunity
to participate in and defend the action. This type of fraud is distinguished from intrinsic fraud, which
goes to the actual merits of the case and does not preclude a party from raising a claim or defense,
or being aware of and attending the proceeding. Doctor’s Associates, 319 Ill. App. 3d at 1043, 745
N.E.2d at 1280.
We must determine whether Lincoln Provision has successfully pleaded extrinsic fraud to
serve as a basis for its collateral attack upon the Ohio judgment. Lincoln Provision argues that the
underlying judgment is void because: (1) the Ohio judgment was void ab initio since Protein Partners
was not registered to do business in Ohio, a requirement for initiating a lawsuit in Ohio, (2) “Protein
Partners” as an entity did not exist, (3) the defendant named in the Ohio judgment, “Chicago Gourmet
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Steaks,” did not exist, (4) Protein Partners was attempting to modify the Ohio judgment before
registering it in Illinois by changing the names of the parties, and (5) although service upon Lincoln
Provision by certified mail was valid under Ohio law, this type of service offends Illinois law, public
policy and due process.
We first address the argument that Lincoln Provision advances that Protein Partners was not
registered to do business in Ohio and that Ohio civil procedure requires a plaintiff corporation to be
registered in Ohio before it can maintain a lawsuit in Ohio courts. Lincoln Provision relies on this
argument in concluding that we should find the Ohio judgment void ab initio. We characterize this
allegation as intrinsic fraud in the procurement of the Ohio judgment. As such it is a defense that
Lincoln Provision can advance in an Ohio court of competent jurisdiction to defeat the judgment.
It has been long held in our state that “a judgment debtor may defend against a foreign judgment
sought to be enforced in an Illinois court, but not on grounds which could have been presented in the
action in which the judgment was rendered.” Thompson v. Safeway Enterprises, Inc., 67 Ill. App.
3d 914, 916, 385 N.E.2d 702, 705 (1978). Lincoln Provision claims that it did not have any
knowledge of the Ohio lawsuit and thus could not put forth this defense in Ohio. This argument fails
when analyzed in light of established case law.
Protein Partners cites Falcon v. Faulkner, 209 Ill. App. 3d 1, 567 N.E.2d 686 (1991), a case
in which a judgment debtor unsuccessfully attempted to defend against a foreign judgment by raising
intrinsic fraud. In that case, the plaintiffs registered a Montana judgment in Illinois. The defendant
attacked the judgment by arguing that the plaintiffs committed fraud on the Montana court and
therefore, the Montana court had only colorable jurisdiction. Our appellate court held that the types
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of fraud that the defendant alleged were not extrinsic and that the defendant could have presented
evidence in the Montana trial. Falcon, 209 Ill. App. 3d at 14-15, 567 N.E.2d at 695-96. Similarly
in this case, Lincoln Provision could have presented and still can present its claim in an Ohio court
that Protein Partners did not have standing in the original Ohio action in which the judgment was
entered.
Lincoln Provision also argues that the differences among the names of the parties as shown
in the caption of the original Ohio complaint, in the caption of the Ohio judgment order, in the body
of the judgment order and in the lawsuit initiated in the circuit court of Cook County to register the
Ohio judgment, show that Protein Partners committed fraud by attempting to modify the Ohio
judgment before registering it in Cook County. Protein Partners added the designation “LLP” to its
name in the lawsuit that it filed in the circuit court of Cook County when registering the Ohio
judgment. The Ohio judgment showed “Protein Partners” as the plaintiff without the “LLP”
designation. Also, in the Ohio lawsuit the named defendant was “Lincoln Provision, Inc. d/b/a
Chicago Gourmet Steaks.” The order that was entered by the Ohio court following the default
judgment shows the defendant as “Chicago Gourmet Steaks.” Lincoln Provision argues that the
manner in which Protein Partners named the parties when it registered the Ohio judgment in the
circuit court of Cook County was an outrageous attempt to modify the Ohio judgment.
Protein Partners rebuffs Lincoln Provision’s argument and contrasts the facts at hand with
a case relied upon by Lincoln Provision, Ayers Asphalt Paving, Inc. v. Allen Rose Cement &
Construction Co., 109 Ill. App. 3d 520, 40 N.E.2d 907 (1982). The court in Ayers recognized that
the judgment of a sister state is not subject to collateral attack in Illinois courts “except for the
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defense of fraud in the procurement of the judgment or lack of jurisdiction in the rendering court.”
Ayers, 109 Ill. App. 3d at 523, 440 N.E.2d at 909. In Ayers, the plaintiff filed a petition in Illinois
to register an Ohio judgment wherein the defendant in the Ohio lawsuit was named “Rose
Construction Company.” Plaintiff changed the defendant’s name in the Illinois action to “Allen Rose
Cement and Construction, d/b/a Rose Construction Company” supposedly after discovering that the
corporation was operating under that assumed name. The defendant denied that it was doing business
under the name of “Rose Construction Company,” denied that the person who accepted an alias
summons was authorized to accept the summons and asserted that the party with whom the plaintiff
had contracted was a sole proprietor who was never served with process in the original Ohio case.
The court in Ayers noted that “[a] judgment in personam rendered against one who was not
designated a party, or who was not made a party by service of process, is not entitled to full faith and
credit.” Ayers, 109 Ill. App. 3d at 523, 440 N.E.2d at 909.
The plaintiff in the Ayers case, relying upon the principle of misnomer of a party, claimed that
the real party had been served and that to amend the Ohio judgment to show the exact name would
be merely to correct a misnomer. The reviewing court, however, did not agree with this argument
and ruled that the plaintiff’s attempt to establish the real party in interest in the Illinois action, raised
issues that exceeded the scope of proper judicial inquiry by an Illinois court under the Foreign
Judgments Act. Ayers, 109 Ill. App. 3d at 524, 440 N.E.2d at 910. Unlike the facts and the parties
in Ayers, our reading of the pleadings and record in this case leads us to conclude that the real parties
in interest were identified and served in the original Ohio case in accordance with Ohio law.
Notwithstanding Lincoln Provision’s hairsplitting analysis, there is no dispute that it has used the
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name “Chicago Gourmet Steaks” in its business dealings.
Lincoln Provision contends that Protein Partners failed to use its own legal name in filing its
Ohio lawsuit. Lincoln Provision argues that because Protein Partners did not include the designation
“LLP” after the words “Protein Partners,” in the original Ohio lawsuit, Protein Partners was not
entitled to initiate the Ohio action or to register the judgment and collect on it in Illinois. Lincoln
Provision cites Capital One Bank, N.A. v. Czekala, 379 Ill. App. 3d 737, 884 N.E.2d 1205 (2008),
in support of this argument. In that case, the defendant, Joeseph Czekala, attacked a judgment
entered against “Joseph Czekala d/b/a Sealand Foods.” The defendant claimed he had no knowledge
of the judgment until his earnings were garnished five years after entry of the judgment. At the time
of the default judgment, the defendant was the president of Sealand Foods, Inc., a corporation
registered to do business in Illinois. The court characterized the defendant’s petition to vacate the
five-year-old default judgment as a section 2-1401 petition and held that it was timely. Further, the
court found that the plaintiff had carelessly linked Czekala to a misnamed, noncorporate business.
The court stated:
“The effect of misnomer is that the party called by the wrong name is
still subject to the court’s jurisdiction after receiving notice of the
lawsuit. ***
On the other hand, the effect of a mistaken identity is that the
court does not acquire personal jurisdiction over the person named by
mistake but served. *** This is especially true when the mistaken
identity involves a nonexistent business.” Czekala, 379 Ill. App. 3d
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at 742-43, 884 N.E.2d at 1211.
The court held that the judgment was void ab initio because Czekala could not do business with a
company that did not exist. Czekala, 379 Ill. App. 3d at 743, 884 N.E.2d at 1212.
The court in Czekala went on to discuss misnomers and mistaken identity in complaints as
articulated in Barbour v. Fred Berglund & Sons, Inc., 208 Ill. App. 3d 644, 567 N.E.2d 509 (1990):
“ ‘The misnomer statute applies only to correctly joined and
served, but misnamed, parties. Mistaken identity occurs when the
wrong person was joined and served. The intent of the plaintiff is a
pivotal inquiry in the determination of whether a particular case
involves misnomer or mistaken identity.’ ” Czekala, 379 Ill. App. 3d
at 743, 884 N.E.2d at 1212, quoting, Barbour, 208 Ill. App. 3d at
648, 567 N.E.2d at 512.
In Czekala, the court determined that the plaintiff’s intent was to sue the corporation, not Czekala
individually. Thus, the court held that the trial court did not have jurisdiction to enter the original
default judgment against Czekala alone. Czekala, 379 Ill. App. 3d at 745, 884 N.E.2d at 1213.
Here, it is evident from the record and the argument of the parties that the plaintiff intended to sue
Lincoln Provision, d/b/a Chicago Gourmet Steaks, the party that was served in the Ohio and Illinois
actions. We, find the court’s reasoning in Czekala persuasive; and accordingly, we hold that the
technical defects in both the plaintiff’s and defendant’s names during the course of the litigation are
not fatal to the registration and entry of the Ohio judgment, nor can it be said that the real parties in
interest are not at the table. Lincoln Provision’s argument that Protein Partners committed fraud
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therefore fails.
Lincoln Provision further urges us to declare the Ohio judgment void because although
service upon Lincoln Provision by certified mail was valid under Ohio law, this type of service offends
Illinois law, public policy, and due process. Lincoln Provision admits that the manner of service
regarding Ohio lawsuits, which is the basis for its objection and argument, has been declared
constitutional by the Ohio Supreme Court. In Samson Sales, Inc. v. Honeywell, Inc., 66 Ohio St. 2d
290, 421 N.E.2d 522 (1981), the Ohio supreme court held that the type of service complained of by
Lincoln Provision was proper and that the defendant corporation was not denied due process even
though the summons and complaint apparently never reached the proper department or officer of the
corporate entity. The court stated, “[t]he problem was not with the address used by the clerk of the
court, but with [the defendant’s] own handling of its incoming mail.” Samson Sales, 66 Ohio St. 2d
at 294, 421 N.E.2d at 524. The reasoning in Samson Sales has applicability to the instant case as it
is undisputed that someone at Lincoln Provision’s corporate offices signed for the envelope
containing the summons and complaint in the original Ohio lawsuit.
Lincoln Provision acknowledges that the Ohio Supreme Court would affirm the validity of
the service statute at issue in this case, but argues that “[u]nder the Supremacy Clause of the United
States Constitution, the federal courts are charged with and have the ultimate word on the rights
provided by the United States Constitution.” Thus, in Lincoln Provision’s own words, it is beyond
the scope of the jurisdictional powers of this court to declare the Ohio statute in question
unconstitutional. In sum, most of Lincoln Provision’s arguments directed to the entry of the original
Ohio judgment are or were more appropriately raised in an Ohio court. Thus, Lincoln Provision’s
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argument that our court should declare the subject Ohio statute unconstitutional has no merit.
Accordingly, we hold that the circuit court of Cook County did have jurisdiction to hear
Lincoln Provision’s motion to quash the Ohio judgment. Thus, the circuit court’s ruling on Lincoln
Provision’s section 2-1401 petition is deemed a final order and thus is appealable to our court under
Supreme Court Rule 304(b)(3) (210 Ill. 2d R. 304(b)(3)); Sarkissian, 201 Ill. 2d 95 at 102, 776
N.E.2d at 200), thereby vesting this court with jurisdiction. We hold that Lincoln Provision has
advanced no legal basis upon which we can rely in overturning the ruling of the circuit court of Cook
County, which allowed Protein Partners to register the Ohio judgment in Illinois. For the reasons
stated, we affirm the judgment of the circuit court of Cook County.
Affirmed.
THEIS, P.J., and KARNEZIS, J., concur.
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