France-Bey v. Haga, No. 7:2018cv00252 - Document 3 (W.D. Va. 2018)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Senior Judge Glen E. Conrad on 6/22/2018. (ck)
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cœ nrs oFFl t.'Dl couRT cE Js. sm AT ROANOKE, VA FI LED I THE UNI N TED STATES DI UCT COURT STI FOR THE W ESTERN DI STRI OF VI CT RGN A ROANOKE DI SI VI ON J 22 2 1 UN 22 JU BY; c. L , LE E J SE L. O FRAN CEBEY , Ci lAci n No.7: 8CV0025 vi to 1 2 Pli if antf, M EM O M N DU M O PI O N NI JUSTI TODD HAGA, N Ca r lCot y She ifDe rme rol mt rf pa t nt Hon.Gl n E. e Conr ad Seni Unied St t sDititJ or t a e src udge De t x g. puy, t J, De e nt . f nda s Pl i if J e L.Fr nc - y,pr e ng pr K ,sl t i cvi aci n a i t Ca r l antf os a e Be oc edi o ed l s i l to gans rol l . Count De t She ifJ tn Todd Ha ,aswela busne sowne s Pos y Clyt J s a y pu y rf usi ga l s i s r e a on one nd J s n Le tr Tli m a tri c r nty be or t c ton pl i i sm o i f l a t pr ee a o se . ls te s ure l f e he our antY ton or e ve o oc d L f r pa rs Alhough t c tgrnt t moton,frt f l ng r as ,t co t q oma upei. t he our a s he i o he olowi e ons he ur c n l e t t te c mpan mus b ds s e pl s a t t 2 U. C.j 1 5 b ( ) a d o cud s ha h o lit t e imis d z u n o 8 S. j 91 A( )1 n r 1 5 e( )B) 91 ()2 ( . Bac kzro und Thepl i i sc antY ompl i a lge t ,on Jme 2,201 hi c be n ha ng to ewhie ant le s hat t 5, s ar ga vi r ubl l hewasd i ngtlough Ca ,V igi a. He sopped t c i fontofCa M o or a we i rvi lr na r ni t he ar n r na t s nd nt n s a c o a ssa e. W he Fr nce Be r u ed t hi ca ,he s e r h f s it nc p a - y et m o s r poke wih J t ones t owne of , he r France-Bey v. Haga Doc. 3 Ca M ot r . J s w a ne Fr nc - y t s a a a f om t ca a t n c le t Ca r l na o s one r d a e Be o t y w y r he r nd he a l d he r ol Col y She i sDe rt e t r por a t t Fr nc Be wasa r t d a c r d wih gr nd mt rY pa m nt o e t hef. a e- y rese nd ha ge t a lr e De y She ifHaga a a st ha be n t a r si ofk e . Ac or ng t Fr nc a c ny. put rf ppe r o ve e he re tng t r c di o a e Be o Jme 3,201 ofi e ss a c d hi ca plr ua t a s a c wa r . He c am st tt y, n t 5, fc r e r he s r zs nt o e r h rant l i ha he Dockets.Justia.com ofi r di no fnd a o J fce s d t i ny f ones pr ry i t c r a t tt She ifs De rm e s d ' ope t n he a nd ha he rf pa t nt houl h v r la e hi a hsc r nse d herman di j i, ndt S eifsDe a t n c le a e ee s d m nd i a .I ta , e ie n al a he h rf p rme t ald Les e ofLe t r s Towi t pi k up Fr nce Be s c r Fr nc B e t n co a t d Les e ,w ho tr se ' ng o c a - y' a . a e- y he nt c e tr e ane t the ha t n ie s fom t c r s h a t se e s t m ,cl he ,s s a xpli d ha d ake t m r he a , uc s he tr o yse ot s hoe , nd t l ,a t o t m i o hi dlmps e . Fr nc - y wa eve u l c ced oft l s r oo s nd hr wn he nt s l tr a e Be s nt aly onvi t he es e c r ofpei lr e on J y 24,201 a s nt nc t 1 mont i pds ha ge tt a c ny ul 5, nd e e ed o 2 hs m onme wih 11 nt t * m o hss pe d. nt us nde On J 6, 201 Frnc - y fl a co ai t r 42 U. C. j1983 algi une 8, a eBe ed mpl nt mde S. le ng t nlwf a r t' Compl 7,Dkt No.2. The co pl nti ntfesHa J ne ,a Le t ras hl a ul res ' . . m ai de ii ga, o s nd se d e n s a s e a a r of $ 000, 00 i dn a . Fr nc - y i c r nty efnda t nd e ks n wa d 4, 000. n m ges a e Be s ure l i a ce aedi aN o t Ca olnasa ec r c i li tmto nc r r t n rh r i tt or e tona nsi i n. St ndar o R e e a ds f vi w Se to 1 5 b ( )o t e P io Liiai n Reo m Ac p o i e t a t e c u ts al cin 91 A( )1 f h rs n tg to f r t r v d s h t h o r h l dim isçaci la ton i whih aprs rs e r dr s fom agove nme a e iy orofi ror s s ç vi c i n c ione e ks e e s r r nt l ntt fce e oye of a go m me a e iy' Ga s a pr c ia e'i t c tde e mi s t ti i mpl e ve nt l ntt ' ts oon s a tc bl ' f he our t r ne ha t s G rvol ,malci ,or f is t sa e a cli u û i ous f i ous al o t t am pon whih r i m a be g a e ' 28 U. C. c elef y r nt d.' S. j1 5 b () Ad i o al ,t e j 1 5 e,wlih g v r L f r pa p rsp o e d n s 91 A( )1. dt n ly md r 91 () zc o ens q o ma u ei r c e i g , i fde a co t ha amandaor dut t sr e i ta ftngs Erlne Co.v.J ms 440 F. e r l urs ve t y y o ce n niil ii . ii ol on, 3d 6 ,6 6 5 ( t Ci. 0 6 . Sp ct al & d src c u tmu tds s a a to t a t c u t 48 5 - 7 4h r 2 0 ) e i l : itit o r s imis n cin h t he o r k y, a tndst be gi ous o m a i i us ort tf l t s a e a c a m . M i ha v.Cha l s on Ct ,434 i o vol r lc o ha ais o t t li ' ' c u re t v. F.d7 5 7 8(t Ci. 0 )(ing28U. C. 1 5 e ()B). 3 2 , 2 4 h r 20 6 ct i S. j 91 ()2 ( ) ' ec u ta e j dca n tc o F a c - ysc n ito i saec u to p ttlre .( s No GC1 0 9 7 Th o r tk s u iil oie f rn eBe ' o vcin n tt o r fr ei acny Ca e . 5 0 5 6 0 ) W hl tec u tieal c nt e tepanifsp oK c mpan a dc n iestefct lalg to si te 0. i h o r lb rly o snzs h litf' r o lit n o sd r h a ta l ain n h e l e l h motfv rbet tepanittec u t e dno S c e t stu algainsta c nrdc matr po ry i t s a oa l o h lit h o r n e tç c p a r e l to h t o ta it tes rpel g f a e sbe toj dca noieo b e hbi 'Ve e v. h , 3F.d7 6 7 0(t Ci. 0 2 ( en l u tto u j c t u iil t r y x i t' n v Wvc e 29 3 2 , 3 4h r 2 0 ) i ra q oain c nt mak o te ) r s mitd. Th sa d r o rviw f rd s sa u d rj1 5 e( )B)i)f rfit et saeacam e tn a d f e e o imisl n e 91 ()2 ( (i o alt o tt li r i t smea t e sa ad o rve f rd s sa u d rRu e 1 ( )6 o t eFe r lRu e o s he n s h tnd r f e iw o imis l n e l 2 b ( ) f h dea ls f Ci lPr e ef fiur t saeacai vi oc dur or al e o tt l m.DeLont v.Angeo ,330F. 630,633( h Ci. ' a lne 3d 4t r 2 3 . Al o g a p o . panifs p e dng a e lb rly c n tu d t e c mpan mu t 00 ) t u h r K litf la i s r i eal o sr e , h o lit s h con an s f e f t alegai nsGo r ie argh t r le a t i ufkint acual l to ç a s i t o e if bovet s c ai l ve ' a t t he pe ul tve e l' nd o lsae a c am t r le t ti pl usbl on isf ce' BelAt.Cop .v.Tw o bl 550 U . 5 çtt l i o e if ha s a i e t a .' l l m y, S. 44, 5 5 5 0( 0 7 . 5, 7 2 0 ) D i si scus on W he i i ce fom t f eofaj1983compl ntt tt pli i scl m i bardby n t s lar r he ac ai ha he antc ai s re t a ia e saut of lm iai ns t c tma s ma iy dim is t compl i wihout he pplc bl t t e i t to , he our y um rl s s he ant t p eu ie a lg ly fi lu . Na i v.W ad m M d Ho s o Cor cin 6 F.d 9 ,9 6 rj dc s e al rvoo s sm re . u e f re to , 4 3 51 5 ( t Ci.1 9 )(n b n ) A j1 8 cam b sd o e e t ta o c rdi Vign ai s b e tt 4h r 9 5 e a c . 9 3 li a e n v n s h t c ure n r ii s u j c o Vign assaueo lmiain frg n r l e s n ln u ycams s eOwe sv. u e 4 8U. r ii ' ttt f i tto s o e e a p ro a ij r li , e n Ok r , 8 S. 2 5 2 9 4 ( 9 9 , ih r q ie a a to t beb o g twi i t ye r o isa c a, . 3 , 3 - 0 1 8 ) wh c e ur s n cin o r u h t n wo as f t c nll Va h Co e Ann j80 -43A) cam frf lear s o flei rs n n u d rj1 8 a c u s d . .12 ( .A li o as re t r as mp io me t n e 9 3 c r e whe t pl i ifs f le i ionm e t co e t a e me ni t t t pli ifbe om e n he antf a s mprs n m s o n nd, a ng ha he a ntf c s s b e t olg lp o e s W alc v. t , 4 U. 3 4 3 9( 0 7 .Ote camsu d rj 1 8 , u j c t e a r c s . la e Kao 5 9 S. 8 , 8 2 0 ) h r li n e 9 3 s h a a c am f wr u de i to ofpr ry,ac r e whe t pl i ifkno se ug uc s l i or ongf l prvai n ope t c u n he antf w no h abou t ha m do t hi t brng hi l ws t Nasm,64 F. 951 a 955;Doughe t v. t he r ne o m o i s a ui. i 3d t ry Viani,No.7:4CV00066,201 W L 3549003,a *2 ( . Va.J y 1 201 ,afd,585 F. ri a 1 4 t W D. ul 7, 4) f Ap x 1 5( t Ci. 4 . p' 1 4h r 201 ) He e,i i c e rfom t f ce oft c r t s l a r he a he ompl i t tpl i ifs c am s a e ba r d by t ant ha aétf l i r re he applca e sa e o lm iai ns As t hi cli f unlwf la r t t sam e of lm ia i i bl t mt f i t to . o s am or a u res, he tt i ttons a c ue by a l s J y 24, cr d t ea t ul 2015. On t tda e,hec ini lc s t tbe n wih pl i i sJme ha t t rz na a e ha ga t antY t 2,201 a r twas fna i d i t Ca r lCot y Ge r lDititCour. Pl ntf wa f md 5 res i lze n he rol mt ne a src t ai if s ot guit o pei lr e a s nt nce t at nn ofi io nt Acc di y,by a l s J y 24, ly f tt a c ny nd e e d o e mprs nme . or ngl t ea t ul 2 5 t ep anif ss b e t olg l r c s.Tot ee tn t ec mpan as alg st a u 01 ,h litf wa u j c t e a p o e s h x e t h o lit lo le e mlwfl s i r orwr u de i to ofpr pe t t c u fnds t t s h a cai ac nzd i J ezu e ongf l prvai n o ry, he ott i ha uc l m c e n une 201 whe Fr nce Be s c r was t d a he l n n d t t Le t r ha dipos d of ce ti 5 n a - y' a owe nd e r e ha se d s e ra n p o rytk nfo isd t ec r Be a eF a c - yddno fl t sj1 8 a to t i Jme rpet a e r m n ie h a . c us r n eBe i t ie hi 9 3 cin mtl t 6,201 ove ' ye r afe t a nz loft saut oflmia i ,t c 8, rt wo a s tr he cc a he t t e i ttons he ompl i i tm e ba r ant s i - red t e Va Co e An j8012 3A) a d mus b s mma y d s s e u d r j1 5 b () md r . d n. . - 4 ( , n t e u dl imis d n e 91 A()1 wih u p eu iea lg l fi lu .S eDo he t, 01 W L 3 4 0 3 a * . t o t rj dc s e al rvoo s e uc rv 2 4 y 5 9 0 ,t 2 Eve i t co twe e t c i r t al ga i i t pl ntf ' c n f he ur r o onsde he le tons n he ai ifs ompli ,dim is ant s s al woul be a opra e be a e t co pl ntf is t sa e a ca m f r r i agans a of t d ppr it c us he m ai a l o tt li o elef i t ny he t e de e nt . Se ton 1 3 r uie a pl i if t esa ih t the ha be n de i of hr e f nda s c i 98 eq r s antf o t bls ha s e prved rg s gua a e d by t Co tt ton o lw s o t Unie Stt a t t t s de i ton iht r nt e he nsiu i r a f he t d a es nd ha hi prva i r s t 9o c e uled m onduc c mitd by a pe s aci unde co o ofsa e l w. W es v.Atdns t om te r on tng r lr tt a t l , 4 7U. 4 ,4 ( 9 8 ; ma v. l to Ar S. r. 8 F.d 6 2, 3 ( t Ci. 01 ) 8 S. 2 8 1 8 ) Tho s Savain my Ter, 41 3 3 6 7 4h r 2 6 . 1T) e u d rc lro -tt-a ee n o j1 3 e ld s fo is r a h meey p i ae : h h e -oo - fsaelw lme t f 98 xcu e ' m t e c ( r rl rv t c onduc ,no ma trhow dic i i t y orm ' ul' Am .M f s M u .I .Co.v.Suli n,526 t te s rm na or ongf . ' r . t ns lva U. 4 , 0( 9 9 (n en lq tto makso te ) S. 0 5 1 9 ) itr a uoain r mitd . I t s ca e t pl i i f has not aleg a f c s i c tng t t J n hi s , he a ntf l ed ny a t ndi a i ha ones e ge i nga d n a hi ot rt n prvae c nyt ng he ha i t onduc. çg leey c ani t t polc 'a J ne di G t çl rl ompli ng o he ie,' s o s d, G M does notc onver aprvaepa t i oa sae a tr'f pu pos sofla lt unde j1983. Coli v. t i t ry nt tt co ' or r e ibiiy r lns W o n a e I c,8 8 F.d 1 45 1 5 (t Ci.1 9 . Theplitf ha no ie tfe a y ma c r s n . 7 2 1 , 1 5 9h r 98 ) anif s t d n iid n 4 cr umsa ile de e t two d s ic t nta vi nc ha ul ugges t tJ t ha onesG s s e a e re i l nce o rt E e s d nd xe td ntue pos ve he . . . p lc , n 'o s rdwihte t ha e(h p an if ar se ' W a e ma nv Ad ms 8 9 oie a dc n pie t h m o v t e litfj retd. g n n . n , 2 ' F.d 1 6 21 ( s Ci.1 7 . Ac o dn l J ne i n ta sae a t rf rp r s so F a c 2 9 , 1 1 t r 98 ) c r igy, o s s o tt co o u po e f r n e Be s co pli ,a t c y' m a nt nd he ompli m us be dim is ast J s f f itr t sa e a cai ant t s s ed o one or alle o tt lm upon whih r le m a be g a e c e if y r nt d. As t Le t r t co ait a gua y sa e t t Lese aced t r c or of sa e lw o se , he mpl n r bl tt s ha t r t mde ol tt a whe Lese ' To ng piked up t ca be us t Ca r l Cot y She i s De rm e t n t rs wi c he r ca e he rol mt rY pa t n dr ce tetwi .Eveet v W ht, . 1 - 3 - 2 5' L 8 71 4 a * ( D. C. ie td h o ng rte . ie No 4:4 CV- 4FL, 01 W 4 9 , t 4 E. N. J n.1 ,2 5 ,ro r a d rc mme ain a o td No.4 1 - 3 - 20 5 W L 8 6 48 a 6 01 ) e o t n e o nd to d o e , :4 CV- 4 FL, 1 47 ( D. . Fe .2 , 1 )(iig Hue rv. a o a d CiyComclo Oc a Ciy 6 2F.d E. N C. b 6 20 5 ctn mme M y r n t t i f e n t , 3 2 3 ,3 2 (t Ci.1 0 Th c mp an alg st tt e p lc s o l h ver la e t c r 71 7 4h r 98 :. e o lit l e ha h oie h u d a ee s d he a e fom i r mpound ç f l ng t s a ch oft ca i t d of c nt c i Le t rt t i a y. m nt olowi he e r he r nsea o a tng se o ow t wa Tli concus r a s ri n doe note t bls ade i ton ofconsi i rg s M o e r t ls l o y s e to s sa ih prva i tmtonal i ht . r ove , he ç rcs n t e o ( lani scam' a e r t b a t a u ar s. S e t To t e e tn : e ie aur f p li tY li ' pp a s o e n mlwf l re t e ês p h xe t l pl ntf c lnge Lese ' co uc a al,pl n ifa a st be c e e wih t dica di ai if hale s t rs nd t t l aitf ppe r o onc m d t he s r ng oft pr pe t f und i i t c . The c he o ry o nsde he ar ompl i doe no al ge a f c st i c t t t ant s t le ny a t o ndi a e ha ai d i ' r tt fc a s n s a di he t m m he Lese a t d i co e. twih orobt ne a d fom sa e ofi i l i dic r ng t ie s9o t t r c e n nc r t ve ce Se L= Thes s a unclaralgai agans Letrc nnots r aj1983cài hil. e d. pare nd e le tons i t se n uppo t lm aga ns hi . i t m A lhough H a i c e ry a s a e a or f pur es of t s c e,t c pl i does not t ga s l a l t t ct or pos hi as . om a nt he m e to Ha a a poi i t sae e oft c am ,r f ni t Ha onl onc t i ntf n i n ga t ny nt n he tt m nt he l i e e ng o ga y e o de iy li as a de e nt Nor doe t c lm f nda . s he ompli a lge a f c s i c tng t t t m es a a nt le ny a t ndi a i ha he t nd de e i of Fr nc Be was c t nton a e- y onduc e wihoutpr ba e ca e. Fr nc - y' c ci f td t o bl us a e Be s onvi ton or 5 pe lr e y,. hie 'ot.r nd:a c ny 's org al 'bngedj' n 'ö à eitbn Ha IS ut.a c n w l n ' a lr e . ' lh ly c r le ds t ugg tt t ga A H g a t r> o p lê u d ' b l v 1a Fmn i /h dùmmle àcl .n t;h 'o llt o s pqp hçgp n. t ei e t c œe a sb '' d 'rme. ' ' ei -pnn d e' . so e t t st n t u' o t j,9 3dmm a mn t a àfifles - o . p io mé t ?'d.kœtv. u d's o s p rï . 8 ' g -n ' g o ag l- q rhn rs n h .S s ' S ry t ' a. 1 j H t e k- 4 2: 2 . 6 ,3 27 (t ' .9 4 (llglmtû' 3d eto sp r acue'faté 9 F.d, 8. 7 -3 4h CP:1 7 ) rlù 'l . 1 o ' t u pot a s o cin 3 x 98 n a nn ta o e f rfleJ rs l e steo c rl e prb bdc n ei mn l .1 arsl g ln n mc r o as t e tmls h m e Rk d o a l a q n kngt e re tk r ' % Tot e e tFr n - ys e rle à uhK -ë abae U t iac èft2: r i i cea fö he xtn a ceBe eks eif gi tl l sd.n he e rh . :à,t s l r rm l ie.é e. hé'odp e tt tt s a t wa c ude wlh pr ba e c us i le. o .dnt f c oft c l ' he'e i h s ond d t o bl à e si c mpl ha ' tst tt om c r c nd td'hes ihi à c ds c wihasrc wr a . e ha he es é tùe't éaé n c oi n e. i e h nt ' ' c ri l , 'o r wil mls. ec mp sn p r t o2 2 S. ' 1 . A( )1' Ac odhgy lec u t l ds s t o llt u mmn t .8Uù Cz 91 b( ) h j 5 1 . lj l fioo s' k ztr skey Jn e 28' S. ..û1 1 A()1*a d 1 5e() :o e al r lu ,a d' qn t l,u d r U. C j 9 5 b (. ' 91 .)2 @)f r y v v ' )n . ( f iur t sa ac m u'o whih r le mn begfnt .' al e.o - 1 bl' p n é elf y t a M ' ... ;' .C o l j . . . xc us o: . Forte r ns.ttdyt c ur got 'lù. antœ b' iö f rlà . ''oc à h elo :ae ,he o t r stl pli i mo n o e ve t pr e s o f ma ' upe .'nd:ds Ke 'h' c mpnn wi b t'rj d p rlmt t . 8 . .I . or na is. a lmlss t e o llt t u p eu ke ' àl o 2 U ' C ' h u i S, .. j '91A@)1 a d 1 1 4 21).'h . ek 1. let ' sn 'e le .o ij'f' j1 5 () n 9 5$4) .'T e C1r's drr t ed. dl d cpe o i ' . -d o c Y: me a nm opm !' n d e.e omps - go d'.o. ' nm l 2.. ; ' mor nd ' - - n on .c n n :i e- t plltg ' ' ' . ' it be . l D A' D :.h*n vj d -, y o Jfe 201 .. .. ' T.1 . g - * f, n j . - . 8 -' ' . .. .''î . -. - '.- . -1 Se orUn- Sut sDititJ nl ! e src udge .' ?' 6
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