Horn v. Clarke, No. 7:2015cv00657 - Document 20 (W.D. Va. 2016)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Michael F. Urbanski on 6/2/2016. (tvt)
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' es sJ F E sns o e ,v ol u l u c mc A R A 6 i,A . oNK v y ' j FI LED J 23 2 1 LN 26 J UL! C. U I TH E UNI N TED STATES DI STRI CO URT CT FOR THE W ESTERN DI STRI OF VI CT RGI A NI B Y; FOANOKE DI S ON W I C O RE Y PH I LI H O R N , L P Petii t oner, C i lA c i N o. 1 : 00657 vi ton 7: 5- v- M EM OM NDUM OPI ON NI H A R O LD YV.CLA R K E, R e ponde . s nt By: H on.M i chaelF.U rbanski U nie St t sD i t i tJudge td a e src ie tton or i f Cor y Philp Hor aVigi aprs e li n, r ni ionerpr e ng pr K ,fl d apeii f am 'to oc edi o . ha sc puspuruan t 28U. C.j2254t c le hi c ci e e e byt Cic t bea or s to S. o halngè s onvitons ntr d he rui Cotr f rt Ciy ofSt unt n. Re ponde fld am oto t dimi s a Pe ii ne r s nde lt o he t a o s nt ie i n o s s , nd tto r e po d, m a ng t ma trrpef diposton., trr vi wi t r c d,t c tdimis st ki he te i or s ii Afe e e ng he e or he our s s e he pe ii a tm eba r tton s i red. 1. Afe pladi g ly,t Cic tCour f t Ciy ofSt unt s nt nc Pettone on tr e ng uit he r ui t or he t a on e e ed ii r Fe ay 13,201 t t nt ye r 'i a c r ton wih f e n yea ss pe bnz r 2, o we y a s nc r e ai t m e r us nded f rc o ompu e tr s iiai ofac l i vi ai ofVigi aCodej 1 2- 4. andfratmptdi e olctton hid, n olton r ni 8. 37 3, o te e ndec nt lbe tes i vi ai ofVigi aCodej18. 3 Peii rdi no a l i ri ,n olton r ni 2-70. ttone d t ppea. Pe ii rfld apetton f awrtofha sc pusi t Supr m eCotr o Vigi a ttone ie ii or i bea or n he e zt f r ni nea l t o ye r l t ron Fe ' l 4, 4. The Supr m e Cour ofV i g ni di m i s d t ry w as ae bz ' 201 ua y e t r i a s s e he peii n o Augus 20,201 and de ed ape ii n f rr a i o Nove r6, 4.Ne l a tto n t 4, ni tto o ehe rng n mbe 201 ary Horn v. Clarke Doc. 20 yea ltr Peii rfldhi f dea peiin o Nove r1 201 Se R.Gov.j2254Ca es r ae , ttone ie s e rl tto n mbe 6, 5. e s 3( ( s rbi t prs mal r e . d) de ci ng he ion- ibox ull Dockets.Justia.com , LERK I I. Ha e speiinsfldu d rj2 5 a es be tt ao ey a pei do lmi to 2 b a tto ie n e 2 4 r u jc o n z e r ro f i t in. 8 a U .S. j2 4 ( )1. Ge eal t spei db gn t r nfo t d t o whiht j 'g n C. 2 4 d ( )1 n r l hi ro e i s o u r m he ae n c he ud me t y, o c n cinb c me fna. 28U .. . 2 4 () 1( .A c n ito b c me fn l n et f o vito e o s i l 2 S C j 2 4 d ()A) o v cin e o s i a o c he a alblt o dr c r ve i e a se UntdS ae v. a , 3 U. 5 2 5 4 ( 0 ) The v i i y f ie t e iw s xh u td. ie tts Cly 5 7 S. 2 , 2 20 3 . a i one- a flng pe i i t l whieacon c ' ç o ry ûld a i to f rSt t ye r ii rod s oled l vits t pe l e pplcai n o ae pr y ' p s-o v ci no oh rc lae a rv e 'sE ndn ' 28U. C. 2 4 d () s eW alv o tc n ito r te oltr l e iw i û ig. pe ' S. j 2 4( )2 ; e l . Khoi 5 2U. 5 5 5 8 6 ( 01 )( ic s igp o e dn sta q lf a c lae a rviw) l, 6 S. 4 , 5 - 0 2 1 ds u sn r c e ig h t uaiy s oltrl è e . Peiine' j2 4peiini t i l u d rj2 4 ( )1( .Peiin rsc n ito s t o rs 25 tt s mtmey n e 2 4 d ( )A) tto e ' o v ci n t o be me ûnalon M a c 1 201 whe t tm ee r d t s e a la er viw f o t Co ' ca r h 4, 2, n he i xpie o e k ppe lt e e r m he ut t o Ap e l o Vigna eVa Su CtR. A:()(ttnga a p a fo t til o r t te f p as f r ii.Se . p. . 5 6 a sai n p e l r m he ra c u to h Cour ofAppe l i a l d onl i t a la flsanotc ofa a wihi t ry d oft t as s lowe y f he ppel nt ie ie ppe l t n hit ays he fn l u g n ) Th r f r, t ine h du tl ac 1 , 01 , otmey5l afd r l a e s i a j d me t. e eo e Pei o r a ni M rh 4 2 3 t i l e e ea h b a t pe ii tton. Pe ii rfld hi sa eha a peii n on Fe u r 4,201 whi h wa ne ryt ye r ttone e s tt be s tto br a y 4, c s a l wo a s afe hi co c i be mefna .Ac di y, hef de a sa ut o lm ia i ha ale tr s nvitons ca i l cor ngl t e r l tt e f i ttons d r ady 1Theone-y a p r do l tt nfr in ah besp t inu d rj2 5 b gns onm o tel et f e r ei f i ai o fl g a a ei o n e 2 4 e i t o mi o i t n h l so t f urdae o ts: I , ( ted t o whc tej d me t e a tn l ytec n lso o drc rve o t A) h ae n ih h u g n b c me i a b h o cu in f ie t e iw rhe e r ton oft tmef s ki s hr vi xpia i he i or ee ng uc e ew; ' ( ted t o whc t ei e i n t fln a a pl aincetdb Saeato i volto B)h ae n ih h mp dme to iig n p i to rae y tt cin n i ain c oft Consi tonorlwsoft U niedSt e i r m oved,i t a iantwaspr nt f'm flng by he tm i a he t ats s e f he pplc eve ed zo ii s St t a i uch a e cton; ( ted t o whc tec n t uin l i tasre wa i tal rc nie b teS p e C)h ae n ih h o si to a rgh setd s ni l eog z d y h u rme t i y Cour,i t rgh hasbe newl r cogni d byt Supr m eCou ta m a r toaci l ap ia et t f he i t en ye ze he e r nd de er tvey plc bl o cas on c ltr lr viw ;or ' es olae a e e ( ted t o whc tefc l rdc t o t cam o camsprs ne c udh v ben D) h ae n ih h a ma pe iae fhe li r li ee td o l a e e dicove e t ou t e cieofduedii e. s r d hr gh he xer s lgenc 28U. C. 2 4 ()1. S. j 2 4 d() 2Peiin rddn t r u t l e su d rsb e t ns( tr u h( . tto e i o ag e i i s n e u s ci B)h o g D) me n o 2 ' 1 1 l k 1 ! i e r byt tme Pe ii rfld hi sa ehabe pe ii a sa ut y t lng i no pos i e xpied he i ttone ie s tt as tton, nd t t or oli s t sbl . S e eg, itrv Be k, 3 F.d 6 3 6 5( t Ci. 0 0 (e o nzn t a saeh b a e . ..M n e . c 2 0 3 6 , 6 4h r 2 0 ) rc g ii g h t tt a i s p tto sc n o r vv a ara y e prdf d rll tto p ro ) eiin a n t e ie n le d x ie e ea i ains ei d . mi Cii M coui i v.Per ns U . tng ggn ki , S. - - , 1 3 S. . 9 4, 9 ( 01 ) a Coe nv. 3 Ct 1 2 1 28 2 3 , nd lma Tho s n 5 U. 7 2, 0( 9 ) Peiin ralg shst c u lmlc n e' ra t mp o , 01 S. 2 75 1 91, t o e le e i ç t a i o e c 'warn s t a e u igtepeiin' u t ln s .GW h n ac n tt to l i lto h sprba l r s le i xc sn h t o s ni ie s t e j o siuina v oain a o by e utd n t me g t c ci ofonewho i a t ly i he onvi ton s c ua l nnoce t af r lha asco t ay g a t wrte n i n , ede a be ur m ' nt he i ve n r t a e e ofas he bs nc howi ofc us f rt pr ed a def ul. M ur a v.Ca re ,477 U. 478 ng a e o he oc ur l a t' ' rv ri r S. , 49 ( 9 6 .No a l,tcua imo e c l me n f c lr c nc , tme elg l 6 1 8 ) tby t t lr c n e ) a s a ma i e e no r e a a mo is fkinc ' Bo se v. ie S ae , 2 U. 61 6 3( 9 ) n u t e y. u ly Untd tts 5 3 S. 4, 2 1 98 . ' Pe ii r s a gtm e s i s por ofhi a t a i e e cl i a s r l ga i oc nce ttone ' r t nt n up t s c u l nnoc nc a m s e t e l mz e , no f c ua i t a t l nnoc nc .3 Pe ii ra lgest tt Comm onwe t vi a e nlmer sa ea e e ttone le ha he a1h olt d l ous tt nd f de all t pr e ut hi be aus t Comm onwe t l r a e r aws o os c e m c e he a1h s etpped'orç n e ce e 'hi wi ' t t r pt d' s i c omm uni to wih t polc ofi e who mir pr en e beng af te yea ol gil cai ns t he i e fc r se es t d i oure n r d r. Pe ii rsl la g l e sa enots fc e t e t bls f c ua imoc ncea a enotl ga l ttone ' ega r tm nt r ufi i nt o sa ih a t l r e nd r e ly p ruai e Se . .. 1 U. C. 251 ()c (o ci n l igtei tr e to o e s sv . e e2, 8 S. 5 12 () n t rmiai n h nec p in f z 3Tos ce wih a ia ua i uc ed t n tct l nnoce e'agument apeii rm us esa iht ,i lg ofSne nc ' r ttone t tbls hat n iht s w , e ie c , ii moel eyta n th tn rao a lj r r udh v fu hm g it b y ndarao a l vd n e' t s r i l h n o ta o e sn be u o wo l a e o nd i ul e o e s n be ' k y d ub.Sc lpv. l, 3U. 29 , 2 ( 9 5; e Tee u v Pero , 8 F.d3 2 3 8( hCi. 01 ) o t hu Deo 51 S. 8 3 9 1 9 )s e la z . as n 6 9 3 2 , 2 4t r 2 2 CWhe ap tt n rr ie a. . ae yat a i c n ecam,t s b s p o tdb n w rl bl e ie c .) t n eii e as s . g twa cu ll e c li imu t e u p re y e ei e vé n e' o mo a ' (nena q oainmak a dctt no te l.A c m'c n ies$ 1tee d n e oda n w,nci n t ga d itr l u tto r s n i i mi d ) o t o sd r & 1h vie c , l nd e i rmiai n ao l a n e paor .... t r s ve t s que ton. xcul t y ' o e ol hi s i ' Pettone doesnotpoi t a ne e de t tcoul e tbls hi i e ,a t c ci wee ii r nt o ny w vi nce ha d sa ih s nnoc nce nd he onvitons r sp re b tee d nc .S eMc izn 1 3S. . t1 31(oi ap tto rmus ma eace bes wigo u potd y h vie e e ouc i, 3 Cta 9 n t ng eiine t k rdil ho n f in c n e.Th e i n ep ofrdd rn teplah ai etbl h dta Peio e c na tdap l eo1 r n o e c ) e vde c r fee u ig h e e rng sa i e h t tt n r o tce oi f s i c t ke porryi af t n ye rol gili an i e ne c tr a i meditl be n c tng a ta ng ouree a d r n ntr t ha oom nd m aey ga hati bouts Thepolc ex. ie ofi rt d Peii rhew a a f te yea ol gila Peii ras d i çs 'wasavigi a fce ol ttone s oure n r d r, nd ttone ke f she' r n, boutmasur ton, t bai a whehe ts 'wasr ad t ty va i s xuala s Peii rcald t pho humbergi byt ofie t nd t r she' e y o r rous e ct. ttone le he ne ven he fc r o i tuctS r'ho t mas baea t arangeatys.Durng ltrdic sons Pe ii rt dt om ce he nsr ç ' w o mr t nd o r he r t i ae s us i , ttone ol he r w a edt haves x wihç r'andas dçhe 'f or ls x.Aûe s r ot rdic sons Peii rdr vet m ee nt o e t t ' he ke s r' or a e r eveal he s us i , ttone o o t t çgil'f s x a wasa r t he t r' or e nd resed. 3 c ommuniai f rwhihapa t t t c rai consnt t i ec ptonl Va Codej1 2c tons o e ry o he onve ston e s o ntre i ; . 9. 6 ( ( )(a ) Ac o dngy Peiin rfist e tb ihhsS cu li c n e' rt a a 2 B)2 s me. c r i l, tt e al o sa ls i t t a l e c 'o h t o a mo fmd me tl s ara eo j sieo c re .S e eg.W of v. o n o , 6 F.d 1 0, 6 ( t t a n a mic rig f u tc c u r d e . . , le J h s n 5 5 3 4 1 0 4h Ci. 0 9 . r2 0 ) Equia et lng i a ia eonl i Shos r r i t e whe e- duet cr umsa s t bl oli s va lbl y n ç e a e nsanc s t r o ic t nce e e nalt t pa t sown c xt r o he ry' onduc - i wo d beunc c o bl t e or t lm iai pe i t t ul ons i na e o nf ce he i tton rod a an thepa' a dg o sij siewo l r s l. u ev. e 3 9F.d2 8 2 6(t Ci. g is t ly n r s nu tc ud e ut' s Le , 3 3 3 , 4 4h r t 'Ro 2 0 )(nba c (n ena q o ainmak o te )(i n Harsv. thns n 2 9F.d3 5 0 3 e n ) itr l u tto r s mitd ct g ri Hu c i o , 0 3 2 , i 3 0 (t Ci. 0 0 ) Th , peiin rmu th v G e np run h srg t dlg n l, n . . 3 4h r 2 0 ). us a t o e s a e ç e u s ig i i hs iie ty a d . t b s ee r di r cic sa sood i hi wa ' o pr ve tm ey slng.Holr d v. orda, om xtaor na y r um t nce t n s y't e nt i l i l Fl i 5 0U. 6 , 4 - 0( 01 ) 6 S. 31 6 9 5 2 0 . Pe ii r sl k ofknowldge a ttone ' ac e boutl ga pr e so t sa u or de i f f de al e l oc s r he t t t y adlne or e r ha asr i doe no s be elef s t uppor gr ntng s h e r or na y r i . H a s 209 F. a 330. t a i uc xt a di r elef ni , 3d t Furhe r ,t co tdoesnotfnd a e r or na y cr umsa i t sr c d t tpr ve t d t nno e he ur i ny xta di r ic t nce n hi e or ha e n e P tto e fo fln atmeyp tto S e eg.UntdS ae v. o a 3 4F.d5 7 51 (t eiin r r m iig i l eiin. e p . , ie tts S s , 6 3 0 , 2 4 h Ci. 0 4 ( oi gp oK sau a din rn eo telw d e n t usiye utb etlig ; r 2 0 ) n tn r tt s n g o a c f h a o s o j tf q ia l o l ) n Tu n rv. o n o ,1 7F.d3 4 3 2( t Ci. 9 9 ( o igta u fmi aiywihte1w d e r e J h s n 7 3 9 , 9 5h r 1 9 ) n tn h t n a l rt t h a u i I di y, ii ie he t il ea yo p om sausd e no tl l tto p ro ) Accor ngl Pettonerfld t o li r c r r tt o s t ol i ains ei d . t mi f de a ha a pe ii be e r l be s tton yond t one ye rsaut oflmiai ns Pe ii ri note tte t he - a tt e i t to , ttone s n ild o e t bl t lng, t pe ii m us be di m i s d. quia e oli and he tton t s se 1 11. Fort f egoi r as ,t c u' g a t Re ponde ' m o i t di m i s a di m i s s he or ng e ons he ot t r n s s nt s ton o s s nd s s e t pe ii n f rawrtofha a c pus Ba e upon t c tsfndi t tPeii ne ha not he tto o i be s or . s d he our' i ng ha tto r s 4 1 t l 1 I ! ! I m a t r qui ie s t tals de he e st ubsan i howi ofade a o ac tmto lrg a r quie by 28 ng ni l f onsi i na i ht s e r d ) U. C.j2 5 /)a S a kv. c n e, 29U. 4 3 4 4 ( 0 0 , c ri aeo a p aa iiy S. 2 3 nd lc M Da il 5 S. 7 , 8 2 0 ) a e t t f p e lb l ûc t i de e s ni d. ETRTi3VVao 21. 4 /- : 2 / W & NE :h dy f 06 s * , - Unie St t Dit'tJ t d aes s c pdge 4: t
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