Sovereign v. Fleming et al, No. 7:2015cv00568 - Document 33 (W.D. Va. 2016)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Jackson L. Kiser on 9/2/2016. (tvt)
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CL ' oe l s '. q eouR ERK: rçk u 4 pI% r A DANVILE, T L VA FIED L SEP -2 2 1 15 J U .D E: I THE UNI N TED STATE S D I STR I C O U RT sy; CT D U@ L FO R TH E W ESTERN DISTR I O F V I G I A CT R NI R O AN O K E DI I O N V SI JO N A H JER VM S SO VER EI N , G Pl ntf , ai if Ci lA c i N o.7: c 00 vi t on 15- v- 568 M EM O R A ND U M OPI O N M LE SLI FLEM I G ,e aI, E N t . De e f ndant . s By: H o Jac on L . i e n. ks K sr Se or U nie St e D i t c Judge ni t d at s s ri t J h J r i Sove e gn,aVigi ai m a epr e ng pr K ,fld a cvi rght ona e vas ri r ni n t oc edi o ie i li s c mpan p s a tt 4 U. C. 1 3 n migv ro ssa f ft eW aln Iig SaePrs n o lit uru n o 2 S. j 98 , a n ai u tf o h le s td e tt io (C ARS ' a d fn a t.Ald fn a t e e t Sa lrweetr n tdb a e rir E W P' s ee d n s l e e d n s xc p R. yo r emi ae y n a l ) e me r n l o ii n a p e e tybeo emei Sa lrsmo inf rsu r j d me tl mo a dl pn o , nd r s nl f r m s yo ' to o tnmay u g n . Afe r vi ng t r c d, fnd Sa ori e ild t q lfe i miy a s tr e ewi he e or I i yl s ntte o uaii d mmt t nd umm a y r J udgm e .' nt2 . Pl i ifa lgesi t c antf le n he ompl i t tSa l ,asaf ps hol s a W ARSP, ant ha y or t f yc ogit t was dei r t l i fe e t hi Pos- r um ai Ste sDior rf f m ont . Durngt ttm e lbe a ey ndif r nt o s t- a tc r s s de or our f hs i ha i , . !1di no or rPl ntf t r s d t de ai if o e pond t Sa o sa we a , co eq nty,dono c i rt r pons he o ylr' ns r nd ns ue l t onsde he es e fld Fe . Ci P. 2()l( . ie . d R. v. 1 a()C) 2 p ryi e tte t s r u g n itepe dn s tedjo eya ddico m' maeil o tl, A at s nild o ummayj d me t fh la ig ,h ic v r n s ls e tras n ie a da yafd vt s o t th r i n g n ieds t a t a ymaeil at Fe R. v. 5 () Maeila t n n fia is h w ha tee s o e un ipue s o n tra fc. d. Ci P. 6a . tra fcs a et ene s yt e tbls t elme sofapa ' c us ofacin.Anderonv.Li rvLo y.l ,477U. r hos cesar o sa ih he e nt o sa e to s be t bb nc. S. 2 , 4 ( 9 6 .A g n iedsueo maeilfc e it i,i viwigterc r a al e s n bei ee c s 42 2 8 1 8 ) e un ip t f tra at xss f n e n h e o d nd lra o a l nfrn e d a t r fom i alghtmos fvor bl t t non- ngpary,ar s bl f c-i rco d rt r ave dit r wn he er n i t a a e o he movi t ea ona e a ttnde ul e un r c f t no mova . 1 Themovi pa t ha t blr n ofs ng- çt ti,poi i outt t dititc t or he nnt d. ng ry s he zde howi sha s ntng o he src our t tt r i a a nc ofevi ncet s ha he e s n bse e de o uppor t nonmovi pa t sc e. Celt Cop .v.Car t,477U. 317, the ng ry' as ' oex ' tet S. Sovereign v. Fleming et al 3 (9 6 .I temo n stsisti b re ,h nten n mov n mu t e frhs cfcfcsta d mo tae 25 1 8 ) f h va t aife hs u d n te h o - a t s st o t pe ii a t h t e nsrt t e itn eo ag n i dsueo fc frtil I . t3 22 A p ryi e tte t s mmayj gme tite he xse c f e une ip t f a t o ra. d a 2 -4. at s nild o u r ud n fh Doc. 33 r or asawhol c d no ladar tona ti offc t fnd i f oft nonec d e oul t e ai l rer a t o i n avor he mova .W ila v. ifn,952 nt lims Grfi F.d8 , 23(t Ci.1 91.t r u sp re s c ain. .sn t n u ht d fa asmmayj d me t 2 20 8 4h r 9 ) ç e n u potd peulto . i o e o g o ee t u r u g n Me mo in' En i v. tl sno Bus& Ed . do Ic, 3F.d55 6 (t Ci. 9 5. to . ns Na'As' f . uc Ra i.n .5 3 , 2 4h r 1 9 ) ' Qu l idi niyp r t T o en n o t asp romi dsrto r fn o s. .t b )s ed d ai e mmu t emi s v r me t fkil efr ng ictinay u din . Eo e hile f sg 9om la lt f ci ldama i ofra t rco uctdoesnotvi aecl ry e tbls d sauor or ibiiy or vi ges ns a s hei nd olt ea l sa ihe t tt y c tmtonalrght ofwhi ar as bl pe s n woul havel own.'Ha l v. tce al 457 U. 800,81 onsi i i s çh e ona e r o d m ' row Fiz r d, S. 8 ( 9 2 .Onc ad fn a trie teq aiidi ni d fn e apa gifb asteb r e t s w ta a 1 8 ) e ee d n ass h u l e mmu t ee s, lh f er h u d n o ho h t f y d fn a tsc nd c voae tepanifsrg t Br a t Muh 9 4F.d1 8 ,1 6(t Ci.1 9 ) ee d n ' o u t iltd h litf' ih. v n v. t, 9 2 0 2 08 4h r 9 3 . Dockets.Justia.com k Pl i i smot rdi wli h pr antY he ed, zc ompt d Pl ntf s c dea tm pton J r r 1 201 Se e ai ifs uii te a ma y 2, 5. e. ec, e t At is 4 7U. 4 , 8( 9 8 ; tl v. mbe 4 9U. 9 ,1 4 (9 6 ;Co n r ..W s v. kn , 8 S. 2 4 1 8 ) Esel Gn l, 2 S. 7 0 1 7 ) n e e v Domel 4 F.d2 , 2 ( t Ci.1 9 ) Deie aei dfee c r q ie asaea trt . r l 2 3 20 2 2 4h r 9 4 . l rt n ifr n e e ur s tt co o v, b ha bee pe s l a r off csi c tng a s tntalrs ofs roushn m,a t ac o ve n r onaly wa e a t ndia i ubsa i ik e i r nd he t r mus ha a t ly r cogni e t e se e ofs h ars Fn me v. e n,511U . 825, t ve c ua l e z d he xit nc uc ik. m r Br nna S. 838( 994) ç i r t i fee maybede ns t by et ra t li entorrc e s 1 . ç beae ndifrnce Del mo kaed ihe cua nt e kls dirgar ' M ite v.Be n,8 F. 848,851( h Ci.1 ) s ePa s e rl Le v. se d. lir ' or 96 2d 4t r 990 ; e nih x e. e Clv ln , 7 F.d2 4 3 3( t Ci. 0 4 (: hee i e c mu ts w t a t o fca i e ea d 3 2 3 9 , 0 4 h r 2 0 ) tT) v d n e s ho h the fiil n ( q e to s j ci l r c g ie t th sa to weet p r p it i lg to ta rs .' .ç u sin ube t y e o nz d ha i cins r i p o rae n i h f h t ik'' ç ve na ) A de e nta t r kl s l by dir ga di as t nta rs o da rt ti eihe kno t t f nda c s ec e sy s e r ng ubsa il ik f nge ha s t r wn o he de e nto whi h woul bea e t ar as bl pe s i t def nda ' poston.' f nda r c d ppl nt o e ona e r on n he e nts ii ' M i ir 8 6F. a 8 1 5 A h at c r p o i e ma b d lb r tl id fee t e t e l e , 9 2d t 5 - 2. e l ae r v d r y e eie aey n ifrn rh n h t h z? team e pr vi d i s gr sy i ompe e , na qua e,o exc sve a t s k t r t nt o de s o os l nc t nt i de t r es i s o hoc he co ce ori i ol r bl t fmdn e a f ine s I a 851. ns ince s nt e a e o t m nt l ar s . d. t Pl i iff ist esa ih Sa o ' delber t i f e e e. Sayl wa no i ve wih antf a l o t bls yl r s i ae ndif r nc or s t nvol d t Pl i ipsm e a he lh c e wa no as t a s s Pl ntf,di notr evea r que tf antf nt l at ar , s t ked o s e s ai if d ec i ny e s or c r f o Pli if a ha nokno e t tPl ntf wass c da be or hi s cdea tm pt a e r m a ntf, nd d wl dge ha ai if uii l f e s ui i te . I e t doc e ai i Pl i ifsm e alhe t fl r fe t t tPl i ifr peaedl nde d, he um nt ton n antf nt alh ie e l c s ha antf e t y r msur d ot rme alhe t pr es i st thewa fnea ha de e s c da i a i . e s e he nt alh of sonal ha s i nd d ni d uii l de tons ççn t a e ofa pr vi t ea o ora e r i ré tm pta s ci ,w e know ofno f de a çl he bs nce e ous hr t f n a le te t ui de e rl c ti t nai ... ha hasc ude t tof i c our n he ton t t oncl d ha scal onduc i f ii t pr ve a s cde t n a lng o e nt ui i c n t e d l rt idifrnc .'Go d nv. d , 71F.d 1 7 1 9 ( t Ci.1 9 ) o si s ei ae n fee e' r o Kid 9 2 08 , 0 4 4h r 9 2 mt be ' 2 ( i Edwa dsv. l r,867F. 1 1 ( 1h Ci.1 9:.Ac r ngl Pli ifha quotng r Gibe t 2d 271, 275 1 t r 98 co di y, antf s nota lge s sce f c sfom wlih i co d be e t bls dt tSa orhadbe n delbe ae y le d uf int a t r lc t ul sa ihe ha yl e i rtl i dfe e tb f r t s cd atmp , n S y o ' moinf rs mmayj g n i g a td n ifrn e o e he uii e te t a d a l rs to o u r ud me t s r ne . ) ENTER : Th' da ofSe e r 201 y pt mbe , 6. . : e orUnie St t Dit tJ t d aes sdc udge
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