Ye Gon v. Dyer et al, No. 7:2015cv00462 - Document 35 (W.D. Va. 2015)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Chief United States District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 10/9/2015. (tvt)
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cl RxsoF cqu : DlT eeu< - ' Fl E 4 ., A q A i L,A T CNK v FI LED 02T 29 2 1 25 I TH E UN I D STAT ES D I N TE STR I CO U R T CT JULA . I FOR THE W ESTERN DI STRI OF VI CT RGI A HY; NI R O AN O K E DI I O N V SI ZH ENLI Y E G O N , Pett oner, ii C . CA SE N O .7: 15CV 00462 M EM O M ND U M O PI O N NI FM NK E.DYER 1 1, 1 GERALD S. OLT,a H nd JO HN F.I QERI , W R espondent s. By: H on.Gl n E.Conr e ad Chi f Uni e St e D i t i tJudg e t d at s s r c e Pe ii r Zhenl Y e G o t ough co m s l br ngs an em e g y m oton t s a hi ttone i n, hr t e, i r enc i o ty s ex r to t M exio,pe ng t s c ts r i o hi peii f a wrtof ha a c pus tadii n o c ndi hi our' ulng n s tton or i be s or unde 28U. C.j22 . Afe rviw oft rco d,a wela s sinsa orla g nt r S. 41 tr e e he e r s l s ubmiso nd a r ume s fom t pa te ,f t r a ons sa e he en,t co ts ma iy dim is Ye Gon' s c r he ri s or he e s tt d r i he ur um rl s s es s e ond a n e j2 41p tto f rf i r t saeacam u nwhc t sc u tc n g a tr l f The me d d 2 eiin o al e o tt li po ih hi o r a rn ei . u e c talo gr nt YeGon' m oto f rsa o y i pa t s a t e tr a opport t t a a . our s a s s i n o t y nl n r, o s o nsle n tmiy o ppe l 1. BA CK G RO UN D The c ta sl e knowldge oft f c sa pro r i i t sca e.I bre ,Ye Gon our s tm s e he a t nd i r ulngs n hi s n if ha be n c s e onsned snce Se e r15,2008,pe ng r s l i n ofa c i pt mbe ndi e o uto ompl i t e r dieli ant o xta t lm t M e c t f c pr ec i on dr g c z s m o y lunde i a t il ga pos e so of o xi o o a e os uton u ha ge , ne a rng, nd he le l s s i n g ms The i ta e r dii pr ee ngs oc ured i t Diti t of Coll a whe e t t . niil xta ton oc di c r n he src lmbi , r he ma itae j d e c nd td mutp e he rng a d is d t o n o b f r c riyn o gsrt u g o uce lil ai s n sue wo piins eo e e t ig n f Fe ua y 9,2011 t tYe Go wa e r dia e unde t Extadii n Tr at be we n t Unie br r , ha n s xta t bl r he r to e y t e he t d Ye Gon v. Dyer et al Doc. 35 S ae o Ameia a d te Un td Me c n S ae (tete t ' l r Zhe l Ye Go ,7 8 F. tts f rc n h ie xia tts sh ray). n e ny t n 6 S p 2d6 ( D. 2 1 .Th ma itaej d e so d rc mmitd YeGo t tec t d o u p. 9 D. C. 01 ) e gsrt u g ' r e o te n o h uso y f t UniedSttsM as l Sevi (I S' t a i t Se rtr ofStt sdecsonwhehe he t ae rhas r ce S USM ' o wat he ceay ) ae' ii t r t s r nde hi t M e c n a hortesunde t t e t a r que t d. o ur e r m o xi a ut ii r he r a y s e s e Dockets.Justia.com Att a tme a i tu no YeGo wa c nfn di ar go a j i i Orn e Vigni, h t i , s s r e w, n s o i e n e i n l al n a g , r i a wihi t sditi t On Fe a y 1 2011 Ye Gon fl d peii f a wrtofha a c t n hi src . bnz r 0, , ie ttons or i be s opusi n t i c u ta d i t e D. d src c u t h l ngng t e vai i o t ma itae j d e s h s o r n n h C. itit o r,c al i h ldt f he gsrt u g ' e y e rdia lt r lng on s rlg o . Se YeGonv.Hol r No.7: 1 xta tbiiy ui evea r unds e de, 1 CV00060 ( . Va. W D. 2 1;YeGo v. le , .11 -v 0 9 9 ABJ( D. 2 1 .Th c s i t i dsrc wa 01 ) n Hod r No : 1c - 0 6 D. C. 01 ) e a e n hs itit s a s gne t J s i d o udge J m e C.Tur who tans e r d t pe ii n t t D . dit i tc t w hi h n s k, r f r e he tt o o he C. s r c our , c ltrta ser dtec s ba kt teW e tr Ditit wh r pes na j idcin o rYeGo ' ae rn fre h a e c o h sen src, ee ro lurs ito ve ns c t da wa p o e . S eYeGo v. l e, . 1 CV0 5 5 ( . Va 2 4 .Uli tl uso in s r p r e n Hod r No 7: 1 0 7 W D. . 01 ) tmaey, J Tur de e YeGon' j2241peiin,bu gr tdhi r que tf rasayofe rdii a udge k nid s tto t ane s e s o t xta ton nd sa d t e f r e n o t j d me tC l ig te p n e c o E Go s a p a b f r te tye he n o c me t f he u g n t z n h e d n y f Ye n'q p e l e oe h dr U nie St t s Cour ofA ppe s f t Fo t Ci c t' Ye G o v. ol r 992 F.Supp.2d 637, td ae t al or he ur h r ui.' n H de , 665( . Va J n.17,201 .TheFourh Cic tis apubls d opi o on De e r1 W D. . a 4) t rui sued ihe nin c mbe 6, 201 afnnngJ d eTu k' d n a o te j2 41p tto .YeGo v. l,7 4F.d 2 7 (t 4, f i u g r s e il f h 2 ei n i n Hot 7 3 0 4h Ci.201 . TheCour as de ed Ye Gon' peiin f rhe i i Fe uay 201 a t n r 4) t lo ni s tto or e arng n bt r 5, nd he g a ed hi moton t sa isma at pe ng t Unie Stt Supr r nt s i o t y t nd e, ndi he t d a es eme Cour' r s u i n of ts e olto hi pe ii f a wrtofc to a i The Supr me Cour de e t tpeii on J 22,201 s tton or i eri r r . e t nid ha tton une 5. The Fourh Cic t t r a tr is d is m a t on J y 7, 201 On t t da e wih t t r ui he e fe sue t nda e ul 5. ha t , t he c us on of Y e G on' a oncl i s ppea c e,t s a of e r to t t J l as he t y xtadii n ha udge Tur ha g a ed hi k d r nt m e r d by isow n t r s xpi e t em . St r i i J nua y 201 Y e G o i o a tng n a r 5, n, n ppost o t hi e r dii s it d o r 200 ii n o s xt a ton, ubm te ve pa ofmaeil t t De rme ofStt ( No.1 Spe iial Ye Gon s ug t ges tras o he pa t nt ae. ECF 4) cfc ly, o ht o pr ove t t hi exta to t M e c woul vi a e hi rght unde t Unie N ai ha s r dii n o xi o d olt s i s r he t d tons Conve i Agai t To t e a Ot r Cnz l I nton ns r ur nd he e nhum a or D eg a ng Tr a m e t o Pt i hm e n r di e t n r m s nt 2 (teCo v n in' r( Ch n e to 'o $ '. Co r s i lme td CAT t r u ht eFo eg Afar Re o m i CAT' ) ng e s mpe n e h o g h ri n fis fr a dRe t cu i Ac o 1 9 (FARR Ac', whc d cae iSh poiyo teUntd S ae n snltrng t f 9 8 S C t' ' ih e lrd ts e l f h ie tt s ) t c no t t o e r die .. .a pe s n t a coun r i whi h t r a e s t nta g ounds f xta t ny r o o ty n c he e r ubsa il r or b le i t ep ro wo l b i d n e o ben s be td t tru e' 8 U. C.j 1 noe eivng h e s n u d e n a g r f ig u j ce o o tr . ' S. 231 t . Ye Gon alo a s d t De rm e tt tt dititco tha sa d hi e r dii pe ng s dvie he pa t n ha he src ur d t ye s xta ton ndi c mp ein o hsa p a p o e dn s ( No 1 - a 12. o lto f i p e l r c e ig . ECF . 42, t - ) On Aug t26,201 Ye Go tld t i tnt j2241 peii s e ng rla e fom us 5, n ie he nsa tton, e ki ee s r c t be aus he ha no be n e r die t M e c wihi t m on hs a tr t Su e e usody c e d t e xta t d o xi o t n wo t fe he pr m Cour de e hi ce torr peii Se 18U. C.j31 YeGo ha prviusynotûedt t nid s ri ai tton. e S. 88. n d e o l i he Se rtr ofStt by lte on Aug t24,201 ofhi i e t s e rla eunde j31 The ceay ae etr us 5, s ntnt o e k ee s r 88. Se r t r of Stt ,t o h hi de i ,sgne a s r nde wa r nt o Se e r 1 201 ceay a e hr ug s sgnee i d ure r ra n pt mbe 8, 5, a ho ii exta to o Ye Gon t M e c The De t ntnotfe Ye Gon oft wa r nt ut rzng r dii n f o xi o. parme i d he ra by l te o Se e be 21 201 The l te s a e a ong o he t ngs: e l r n pt m r , 5. e t r t t d, m t r hi Folo ng ar viw o a 1pe tne i or ai n,i udi t m a e i ss itd l wi e e f 1 ri nt nf m to ncl ng he t ral ubm te die ty t t De rme of St t a pladi a flngs i udi t e r c l o he pa t nt ae nd e ngs nd ii , ncl ng hos s m it t t U. DititCoursf t DititofCo umbi a t W e tz ub ted o he S. src t or he src l a nd he se' n Diti tofVigi a on be l ofZhe iYe Gon,o Se e r 1 2015,De y src r ni , haf nl n pt mbe 8, put Se r t r Blnke de i d t a horzeZhe iYe Go s s r nde pur ua t 18 c ea y i n c de o ut i nl n' ure r s nt o U. C.j31 a t ExtadiinTraybewee Unie Stt a M e c S. 86 nd he r to e t t n td aes nd xio. ( No.26-1 a 1) Thef l ng paag a rcog z d t Seceay' to i ton nott ECF ,t . olowi r r phs e nie he rtr s dblgai o e r die a pe s t a c r 'whe e i Si mor lke y t n no ' t the wo d s f rt rur xta t r on o ounty' r t ts e i l ha t' ha ul ufe o t e t r (d. Thelte f rhe sae hee. I ) etr ' t r ttd: u A decson by t De rm e t s r nde a f tve who ha made a cli o ii he pa t nt o ure r ugii s am f t r ur i voki t Conve i r f e t e t ra de e m i ton t tt tf tve i ot e n ng he nton e l c s ihe t r na i ha ha ugii s not m or lke y t n no t be t r ur d i e t a t d o a as e s e t t t e i l ha t o o t e f x r die r n s s m nt ha he f tve' cli ,t ug i ugii s am ho h nvoki t Conve i doesnotmee t Conve i s ng he nton, t he nton' 1 For g AfaisReonn a Re tuc rng Ac, Pu L.1 52 7 Di G,12 Sa. 8 -2 ( t 21 ein f r f nd sr m i t b. 0 -7 , v. 1 tt26 18 2 Oc. , 1 98 (o iidi p r a 8U. C. 1 31. 9 ) c dfe n at t S. j 2 ) 3 d fnto o t rl e a s tf rh i 2 C. R.9 .1b) a d d e no tig r a ei iin f o tr s e o t n 2 F. 5 ( , n o s t rg e z ( elke yt n not' t r i to ... i mor i l ha 'de e m na in. Ast ofi i r s he fcal e ponsbl f ma ng t De rm e ' r s i e or nagi hç pa t nts e ponsbiiisi ca e i lte n s s o i e nai na e r dii I co lm t tt decson t s r nde Zhe i Ye f ntr to l xta ton, nfr ha he ii o ur e r nl Gon t M e coco ple wih t Unie Stt 'oblga i unde t Conve i o xi m i s t he td a es i tons r he nton a isi eme i sa ut a r gultons nd t mpl ntng t t e nd e a i . (Z) Thelte i sg dbyTom Hene nn, ssa Leg Advie f La Enf r e n a J etr s ine i ma As itnt al s r or w o c me t nd I elge ,U. De rmentofStt (d. ntli nce S. pa t ae. 1 ) On Se e r21 201 Ye Gon fld an e e gewy moton f sa of e r ton i pt mbe , 5, ie m r l i or t y xtadii n t i c u t ( No 1 ) Si tn o l YeGo as s b te a a n e j2 41p tto hs o r. ECF . 1 mul e usy, a n lo u mitd n me d d 2 ei n, i a ki a s ng, mong o he t ngs t tt sc tr vi w a r ve s t Se r tr ss r nde de ii n t r hi , ha hi our e e nd e r e he c ea y' ur e r c so a tnni t a1 e rdii pr e di . ( No.1 Spe i al i a ton t ()hi nd e nae 1 xta ton oc e ngs ECF 3) clc ly, n ddii o a s de mandf rla eunde j31 YeGo a s rst t( t co ts dgrnthi rle fom or ee s r 88, n s e t ha b) he ur houl a m eif r e r to unde CAT be a e he wil be t rlr d or l l d i s r nde e t M e co f r xtadii n r c us l o tze dle f ure r d o xi o pr ec i ( he wasde i d of d pr es i t Stt De rme ' e l to o hi os uton; c) prve ue oc s n he ae pa t nts vauain f s tru ers i M e io a d ( )teg v nl n a to t d p i hi o j iilrv e o h s o tr iks n x c ; n d h o e me t cins o e rve m f udca e iw f i t t ers vi a ehi rg sunde t Sus nson Cl eoft Unie Stt sConsi i n. orur iks olt s i ht r he pe i aus he t d a e tmto The co t or r d t Se r t r of Stt not t ta f r Ye Gon be or t cè t ur de e he c e a y ae o r nse f e he ur a d e s d h se r e c mo in t sa e ta iin. ( No 2 ) Repo e t t e fld a d rs e i me g n y to o ty x rdto ECF . 2. s nd n s h n ie b ifi o po iin t YeGo smoin t sa ( No.2 ) a d Ye Go fld a rp y b if re n p sto o n' to o ty ECF 6, n n ie e l re ( No.27) On Ocobe 2,201 t c the r o a agume sfom t pate .Thera tr ECF . t r 5,he our ad r l r nt r he ris e fe, on Oc obe 6,201 Y e G o f l d a s co a e d pe ii n,addi a tf h c ai f r le .I t r 5, n ie e nd m nde tt o ng s t l m or e i f n t t c ai ,Y e G o a g s t tt gove nm e ' de i i t ha t de y Se r t r of St t ha l m n r ue ha he r nts c s on o ve he put c e a y ae i s t d i i n t e r die hi r pr s nt a una ho i e a unc tt i na de e to of s ue he ec s o o xt a t m e e e s n ut r z d nd ons iuto l l ga i n t e c i a hort vese i t Seceay by 18 U. C.j31 ( No.31 Ye Gon he xe utve ut iy td n he rtr S. 88. ECF ) 4 c t ndst tt s c on e ha he e ond a nde pe ii t sfl d t e ompa s a i ude a1 oft cli s me d tton s ie o nc i s nd ncl l he am a is sr s di t brefngsr lt t 'YeGo smoint sa e rdii z ( No.31 nd sue aie n he i eaed o' n' to o ty xta ton. ECF , a 1n 1) Thss b s in as p e e t a a dto lp r g a ,i s p r o YeGo scam t . . i u miso lo rs n s n d iina aa rph n u po t f n' li () asetng t tt decson- ki pr e son t e r to rques de i d hi ofd d , s ri ha he ii ma ng oc s he xtadiin e t prve m ue p o e s ( No. , t 4 ) r c s . ECF 31 a ! 4 The pa is have a e t t unde t f -a t sa r f r g a i a sa of rte gr ed ha r he ourf c or t nda d o r ntng ty e ta i o e tbls e i Nk n v Hod r 5 6 U..41 ,4 ( 0 9 ,te c u tmus c n ie x r dt n, sa ih d n e . le , 5 S 8 21 2 0 ) h o r i t o sd r whe he Ye Gon has a sr ng lkei t r to i lhood of s e s on t m e is of hi ha a cli s3 ucc s he rt s be s am . Ac r ngl bot pari ofe ed extnsvedi c so oft m e isoft cli si t i bre s co di y, h tes f r e i s us i n he rt he am n her i f 1mointsyetdtn ' t o t xr io s o a ai a dtrng or la g e son Oc o r2,201 r ga di Ye Gon nd li a r um nt t be 5, e r ng . Thus t co tfnds bot t moton f sa a t j2241 peiin is l t be rpe f , he ur i h he i or ty nd he tto tef o i or diposton. s ii 1 .DI l SCU SSI N O A.Dic gef om Cusodyunde 1 U. C.j31 s har r t r 8 S. 88 YeGon a g t thei e ildt i dit r e eunde 18U. C.j3188,be us r ues ha s ntte o mme ae elas r S. ca e t eS cea yo S aefie t d lv rhm t M e c wi i t mo t so t efn laj d c to h e r tr f tt ald o eie i o xio t n wo n h f h i a du iain h ' t udes hat hi a o Ye Go sj iilc le g s t e ta iin. The coul concl t t s argum entl cks f n' udca haln e o xr dto m ert i. 2 Ye Go f t r sae t tdurng or a gumen s on Ocobe 2, 201 c elf t govenm ent n urhe tts ha i al r t t r 5, ouns or he r t te pt t s s t tce t n a g d tm ed o ugge t ha rai r ument m a notha be ade t y r ie 'i pr o s isons and a s y ve en quael as d' n evius ubm si ; t tt s cond a nde pe ii i i e ha he e me d tton s ntnded ço r ve a doubt he e or on a al t t t s is s ae t emo ny t - r ppe - ha he e s ue r fr l rie . ( No 31 a 1n.. omal as d' ECF . , t 1) y ' 3 $Tl ep we t sa a ato i S ato g c uts ta iina e up n frte a mi srto o : h o r o ty n cin s ç r f a o r') rdt l q ime t o h d nitain f E p o j tc y Nk nv Hod r 5 6U.. 8 4 1(00 ) b t$ sa i n tamatro rg t e e i H e aa eij r usie' e . le, 5 S 41 , 2 2 9 , u ( ty s o ' a t f ih, v n f p rbl nu y e mih oh r s rs t' l .a 4 4 (nen lq oainsa d ctto o te ) Rah r asa i t n e ecs of g t tewie eul' d t 3 itr a u tto n i in mitd. te, ty s t x r ie a a j iildsrto , t b g ie b c n ieaino fu fco s û( )wh te t sa a pia t sma easr n udca icein' o e ud d y o sd rto f o r atr:$ 1 eh r he ty p lcn ha d to g ' $ s wigta hei I l t s c edo temeis ()wh te t ea pia twil eirp rbl ij rda sn asa ho n h t s i y o u c e n h rt;2 eh r h p lcn lb re aa y nue b e t ty; ke ()wh t risa c o tesa wil u sa tal ij r teoh rpat sitrse i tepo e dn a d()wh r 3 ehe su n e f h ty ls b tnil nue h te ri neetd n h rc e ig; n 4 ee y e teg bi itrs l s' I (u tn Hitnv Bru si,4 1U. 7 0 7 6(98).Thetrtt fcoso te h u lc neet i .'d.q oig lo . ankl 8 S. 7 , 7 1 7) e' l is wo atr fh ta to lsa d a et m os c ii l 1 rdlina tndar r he t rtca. d. 5 Se ton 31 pr des ci 88 ovi ' . W he ve a pe s n who i c ne r ny r o s omm itd f r ndii t a f r gn te or e ton o o ei gove m e tt r m an un i de i r up i purua e ofa r quiii i no s m n o e i tl lve ed n s nc e ston, s t o de i r u a c lve ed p nd onve o oft Unie St t s wihi t c e r mont yed ut he t d a e t n wo alnda hs a trs h c mime ,ove a a fe uc om t nt r nd bove t tm e ac u ly r uie t c he i t a l eq r d o onve t y he p io e fo tej i t whc h wa c mmitd byt r a is wa o to t e rs n r r m h al o ih e s o te , he e d et y, u f h Untd Sae ,a yj d e o t eUntd Sae ,o o a y S ae u o a piain i tts n u g f h ie tts r f n tt, p n p lc to e madet hi by o on be l o t pe s s co mit a upon pr m a t o m r haf f he r on o m ted, nd oof de o hi t t r s na e notc of t i e i n t m ac s h a i a i has be n m ha ea o bl ie he nt nto o le uc pplc ton e gi ven t t Se r t r of St t , m a or r t pe s s c m it d t be o he c e a y ae y de he r on o om te o d shag d o to c t d ,t e ss fiin c u e i s wn t s c j g wh ic r e u f uso y mls u fce t a s s ho o u h ud e y s h dic r pughtno t beor e uc s ha ge to der d. 1 U. C.j31 8 Co r s e a td j31 8f rt p r os o ( n u gn )p o t cin b t 8 S. 8 . ng e s n ce 8 o he u p e f t s rig r mp a to y he e e r dii g nme a wel as by t s gove nme s t t t ac us d woul not s f r xta tng over nt s l hi r nt o ha he c e d ufe i r r ton i t s c r o unc rant a t hi saus f l ng pe i oftme t ouzh no nca ce ai n hi ounty r e ti y s o s tt or o rods i hr ful ofhi o ' Jmi z v.Unie SttsDititCo t 8 S.Ct 1 18 (963)(mphass a t s wn. i ne ' td ae src ur, 4 . 4, 1 e i a d d ( lbeg J,nc mb r) d e ) Go d r , .i ha e s. ' Te l c ly,t t mont pei i j31 begi t r wih t is nc oft cmial he wo- h rod n 88 ns o un t he sua e he ! ma itaej d e se ta ia iiy fn i ,whe te a c s d i c mmitd t US S c so y t g srt u g ' x rdtb l idng t n h c u e s o te o M u t d o a at a e r ton or r fom t Sec e a y of St t a ta f r t t c t of t w i n xtadii de r he rtr ae nd r nse o he usody he e ta ingJ rs ito . Bart v Untd S ae ,5 0 F.d 6 ,6 (t Ci.1 8 ) R ee x r dt ' idcin i u ret . ie tts 9 2 24 26 6 h r 9 0 . r d lys i te e ta i o p o e s t ra tr a e C trb tb e t t e ju iil p o e d n s ea n h xr dt n r c s hee fe r t tiu a l o h dcaj r c e i g i a p os c td b p tto r tee c ran y gs Su fce tc us 'f rt d ly, t n teitn e r e ue y ei ne, h r e til i) s fiin a e o he ea wi h n e d d i hi me nigo j31 8' Jmi z 8 S. . t1 . Th s S th c mmo -e s r a i go j31 8i a n f 8 . i ne , 4 Ct a 8 u ,ç q e o n s n e e d n f 8 s ' g t t whe e as he e t a c ed ha i tt ed a pur ue r vi w of hi e r dii o de ,t ha , r r , he c us s ns i m nd s d e e s xt a ton r r he t mont pei rmsfom t tmeli camsaefnaly a j iae no fo t tmeo t wo- h rod t r he i ls li r i l dudc td, t rm he i f he o i na c m im e or r he has bee c le ng. I A co tor r s a of e r to r gi l om t nt de n ha l ngi ' d. ' ur - de ed t y xtadii n, pr ur d by t a c ed,lke s r l s s t Se r t r of Stt fom t tme c tai of oc e he c us i wie eea e he c e a y a e r he i onsr nt 6 j31 84 Se l r Asa so ,6 0 F.d 7 2 7 5 (t Ci.1 2 ( lig t tr u tu l n t 8 . e n e s rs n 7 2 2 , 2 7h r 98 ) hodn ha c r : l o o wi pemi (heac us djt us t dea whihhehi efce tdt dee te rdii ). r t t c e o e he ly c ms l rae o fa xta ton' M o e r e n i t t monh pei haspase rla e unde j3188 r t i t r ove, ve f he wo- t rod s d, ee s r ess n he c u tsd srto Th pli lng a eo tec rn v ri no t i s cin(û y od r' ce ry o r' icein. e an a u g f h ure t e so f h s e to t ma r e ' lal ) a t rz s b td e n tr q ie aj d et d shag a a c s d S e eg, n r Uni dS ae , uho ie , u o s o e ur , u g o ic r e n c u e . e . ..I e t tts e 71 F. 1 5 1 8 (t Ci.1 8 )( o dn ta j31 8 ç lal c ne lts a e rie o 3 2d 0 , 0 5h r 9 3 h l ig h t 8 d e ry o t mp ae n xecs f c ds rto b t ec u t' .Th s i Guf ce tc u ei s wnt s c j d ewhys c ds h r e icein y h o rs' u ,f t t in a s s ho o u h u g ) s s u h ic ag o g n tt b o d r d' ta j d e ma n td s h r e t a c s d a d rti d sr t n t u ht o o e r e e , h t u g y o ic ag he c u e n eans icei o ' o r f s d shag e e i s c c u ei n ts o eu e ic r e v n f u h a s s o h wn. Ba et 5 0 F.d a 6 (Th e f re n n-t, 9 2 t 26 ; e n o c me t t lng gea i bl t t t mo hlmiai i not... ama t ynaue.l a ua pplca e o he wo- nt i tton s of ndaor tr ' . ' Y e Gon a s r s t t be a e t Se r t r o St t ha not e a ned t tm i of t s e t ha c us he c e a y f a e s xpl i he i ng he de i i t is t s r nde w a r nt t Se r tr ha no s c son o s ue he ure r ra , he c ea y s t hown s tc e tca e f pur e ufi i n us or pos s of j3188. The saut s tr a e notpr ry i eprtd s nmw wl howe r tt e' ems r opel ntr ee o y, ve . dee ni (ufiintc e'nott or rdic r t rj31 t c tmus Ia i o tnni ng t fce aus ' s o de s ha ge mde 88, he our t ç ke nt t a ountt e ief c ua r co d, i udi t lngt o a dely be cc he ntr a t l e r ' ncl ng: he e h f ny a yondt saut y pe i ' he t t or rod; id c to so p eu ie fo t td ly;a y d ma b t e a c s d f ra s e d tili t e n iain f rj dc r m ha ea n e nd y h c u e o p e y ra n h j rs ito s e ig t p o e u ehi t es ro s e so tef r in c a g sf rwhih p o a l u id ci n e kn o r s c t m; h eiu n s f h o eg h r e o c rb be c ehasbe n f aus e ound;a t fc t tdic geunde j31 wo dno tr naet f r gn nd he a t ha shar r 88 ul t e mi t he oei i cm e orba r ii ofe r dii pr e ngs Ba r t 590 F. a 6 ndi t nt r eflng xta ton oc edi . r et 2d t 26. I Ba r t t n re q he Cour al o co i r d t pe nc oft pe ii f r w rtof ha as co us is l as o oft t s ns de e he nde y he tton o i be m t ef ne he f c or o w hi h i c ude t tt gove n e had s w n s fc e c us nott di c ge at s n c t oncl d ha he r m nt ho uf i i nt a e o s har t peiine fom c t JJ he tto r r usody. .. I 4 se .egyM e c r v. Du eUnv riv 4 F.d 1 ,21 n. (t Ci.20 5 (I c u to a p as e -- r e k iest, 01 3 99 2 7 4h r 0 ) $A o r f p e l' Q j d me to o d ri n tfn lu tlis a c o tema d t;a ta tmetep ris o l ain beo fx d.' u g n r re s o ia n i su n e f h n ae t h t i h ate' bi to s c me ie ') g ' ( oigFe R. p. 41 a vs r c mmitesn tst 1 8 Ame d ns. qu tn d. Ap P. , d ioy o te ' oe o 9 8 n me t) 7 Th t - nh p ro t e j3 8 f rYe Go ' ta frt M e ia a t o i e wa e wo mo t e id md r 1 8 o n s rnse o x c n u h rt s s i tig r d o Fe r ay 9 2 1 b te D. ma itae j g ' e ta ia iiy tn ig a d rg e e n b u r , 01 , y h C. g sr t ud es x rdtb l i dn n t c ommime or r W henYeGontld hi j22 peii o Fe y 10,2011 c lngng t nt de . ie s 41 ttons n bnmr , hale i hi e r to t j31 pe i wasi ditl t l a co i s d i t pe nc s xtadiin, he 88 rod mme aey oled nd ntnued o urng he nde y o al u iil r c e ig a t b tb et YeGo ,icu ighi ha e sp o e dng , i h b a f lj d ca p o e dn s tr ua l o i n n l dn s b a r c e i s h s a e s a al a hi c ri a ipr edi . Jm i z,8 S.Ct a 1 Onl whe t Fourh Cic t ppe , nd s e tor r oce ngs i ne 4 . t 8. y n he t r ui is d is ma t on J y 7,2015 whih c l d t ha asa a pr ee ngs a t , s ue t nda e ul , c oncude he be ppe l oc di nd, hus lfe t sa ofe rdiin gr ne a YeGo sr uetby J e Tur di t j3188pe i itd he ty xta to a td t n' eq s udg k, d he rod be n t r n. l r A s ar s 670 F. a 725. gi o u n e s s on, 2d t Att e les,t j31 peide rd o Se e r7,201 he ari t he 88 ro xpie n ptmbe 5.Thus YeGo speii , n' tton f dic r fom cusodyunde j31 fld onAug t26,201 wasprmaur a c dbe or shage r t r 88, ie us 5, e t e nd oul d n e o t tg o n ao e Thec u t o d , o v r t a t e j31 8cam i wi o tmei e id n ha r u d l n . o r h l s h we e , h t h 8 li s t u rt h f ot rr as or he e ons. The Se r t y ofStt ss r nde wa r ntwa is d on Se e r1 201 c ear a e' ur e r ra s s ue pt mbe 8, 5, ni da afe t t mont wi ne ys tr he wo- h ndow i j3188 n .Consdei t fcua r or i ise iey, i rng he a t l ec d n t ntrt t c ti s fce tc us no t or rYeGondic r dfom c t unde j3188. he our fnds ufiin a e t o de shage r usody r Fis, t c tfnds no e de e i t r or t t t Stt De rme ha be n r t he our vi nc n he ec d ha he a e pa t nt s e a hi l s t n dii nti isco i r ton oft e e i m ae i l Ye Gon ha s itd nyt ng e s ha lge n t nsde a i he xt nsve t ra s s ubm te i s n uppo tofhi mulipa tcai ,t ti e r iedt M e c he wilbea rs oft r u e a / r s t- r l m ha f xtad t o xi o, l t ik o t r nd or c e a y' cii maki pr es i c ng oc s s omplx' e. dea h. The Se r t r sde sont 5 l dec di whe he t e r die t Se e m' m a c i r C ac or a f c i n i ng t r o xt a t , he cr t y y ons de ç t s f e tng f bot t i vi ldef nda a wel a f ei r lto - f t s t tm a be h he ndi dua e nt s l s or gn e ai ns acor ha y b y n tes o eo t . j d esrviw. Siai I ,1 7F.d 1 ,1 5n. e o d h c p f he . u g ' e e ' d l v. NS 0 3 91 9 7 . ' (d Ci.1 9 ) Th b o d rng o o to sa albe t t Se rtr icud s 3 r 9 7 . e r a a e f p in v ia l o he ceay n l e 5 Y e G o ha no s pa ae cam unde t Unie Stt - e c e rdii te t f r ea e fom n s e r t li r he td aesM xian xta ton r ay or el s r cusody bas d ont Secetr sale d dely i r nde i t s r nde decson.Att m os,t teay p ovi s t e he r ay' lge a n e rng he ure r ii he t he r t r de t ts r rs loc urw ihi t tme lm isp esrbe byt co r r c vi t e r dii rques namel ha urende hal c t n he i i t r c i d he unty e ei ng he xta ton e t y, i t sc s , 31 8 n hi a e j 8 . 8 (u i n t lmie t) rviwig d n v t e j g ' fndn s o f c a d b t s o i td o e e n e o o h ud es i i g f a t n co l i of lw,r f i e r dii on a num be of dic e i r gr unds ncusons a e usng xta ton r s r tona y o , i udi htmaniara a f r gn polcy c i r tons gr ntng e r dii ncl ng l t in nd o ei i onsde a i , a i xta ton wih condii ,a usng di o a y t obt n f i te m e tf t f gii See t tons nd i pl m c o ai a r r at n or he ' tve. u UntdS ae v. n lo g 1 0F.d 1 3 1 9 1 ( s Ci.9 7 . ie tts Ki-- n , 1 3 0 , 0 - 0 1 t r1 9 ) l M io e c v Co te , 8 F.d6 4 6 6 (t Ci. 0 7 .Th ,her c r sb f r teSe rtr r n su . sn r 4 0 3 6 , 6 4h r 2 0 ) us t e o d eo e h ceay i Ye Gon' c e i ude c t doct nt, e r t tm ony, a t a n s as ncl d our tme s xpe t esi nd hous nds of page of s ma e i l Ye Go s t ras n ubmitd durng t c tpr ee ngsi whih he c le te i he our oc di n c ha lnged hi e r dii s xta ton on m a g o ny r undso he t n t rs oft rtr Net rpa t ha s it e de e c t r ha he ik o tle. ihe ry s ubm ted vi nc ompa i rng t m a e i l be or t Se r t r i Ye Go s c s t a a r ge num be of m ae i l t he t ras f e he c e a y n n' a e o ny ve a r tra s he De rme mus r vi w i c i r ton of a r ques t de e r dii or f t t ma tr pa t nt t e e n onsde ai e t o ny xta ton , or ha te , de ons r tng a a r ge l ngt oftm et D e r m e r qui e t e ua e s h c a m s m t a i ny ve a e h i he pa t nt e r s o val t uc l i . Se o d, Go ha n ts o p eu iefo a y b ifd ly b t eSe rtr p s te c n Ye n s o h wn rj dc r m n re ea y h ceay a t h t - n h de di i j31 8 Gie t a Ye Go p ee t n e ie e ta h h ss u h a wo mo t a l n ne 8 . vn ht n r s ns o vd nc h t e a o g t s e d tili M e io heha n ts o h w h wa p eu ie b s e i g t a dto l p e y ra n x c , s o h wn o e s rj d c d y p ndn wo d iina we ksi aVign aj i a o po e t aM e ia ji. e n r ii al s p sd o xc n al Thid, t c r s pe ng aga ns Ye Gon a e s rous o s i vi not onl t r he ha ge ndi i t r ei ne , nvol ng y he unl wf i a ul mpora i a m a a t e o s t nc sofe us d t pr uc c r ld s t nc , tton nd nuf c ur f ubsa e tn e o od e ontole ubsa es but alo t r l ed l s he eat aunde i of m ilo of dol r , fr a m s vi a i , and ci na rng li ns la s ie r oltons rmi l co pi a y. Se ton 31 gi t co tno a hort t t nni t t e c r ,a t c t ns r c ci 88 ves he ur ut iy o e na e hes ha ges nd he our tnds t t no us f l pu os i s r e i dic r i Ye Go a tr nea l s ve ye r of i ha e' u p e s e v d n s ha gng n fe ry e n a s e r to ltga i onl t f c t pot ntalf t te r dii pr es t be n a w . xt adii n ii ton, y o a e he e i or ha xt a ton oc s o gi ne Foudh,Ye Gon' j2241peii isl,fl beor t e oft t mont sauoy s tton tef ied f e he nd he wo- h tt tr pe i c tt ed s f c e c us f a y de a i t i s nc of t s r e r w a r nt The r od, ons iut uf i i pt a e or n l y n he s ua e he u r nde ra . d ly c u e b te n e t b ifa d a j iaet tp tto ,i a dto t b ifng he rng ea s a s d y h e d o re n dudc t ha eiin n d iin o rei , ai , 9 a d a j iai te a dto a camsi t ea n e p tto ,c n o l b d e d at u a l n dudc tng h d iin l li n h me d d eiin a ny e e me tdb tb e t Ye Gon. o Ba e on t f eg ng,t c tc ude t tt go r m e ha s wn s fce sd he or oi he our oncl s ha he ve n nt s ho ufi int c us a t why Ye Gon s d notbedic r fo c t y t rj3188. The eo e t a e so houl s haged rm usod mde r fr , he c u t l d s s YeGo sj2 41peiina t t i cam wi p eudc . o r wil imis n' 2 t o s o hs li t rj ie t h B. R e e oft Sec e ar sD ec s on unde CA T vi w he r t y' ii r Th s c n cam i ti h be spei o - t t Go wo db s be t otru ei e e o d li n h s a a tt n ha Ye n ul e u j c t o tr f i e rdie wa pr s ntdi hi pro j2241peii J Tur r ldt scam t be xta td s e e e n s ir tton. udge k ue hi li o f e os d by t Fou t Cic ts de i i i M iones u v. Cosne , 480 F. or cl e he r h r ui ' c s on n r c t r 3d 6 4 6 071( t Ci. 0 7 . l M io e c teFo rh Cic i trtn tdt a t 6 , 7 - 4h r 2 0 ) n r n su,h u t rut is o e h t he Conve i Agans Torue (1 ', whih i not s fe c i i nton it tr ç CAT' ) c s el-xe utng, s i e nt onl t oug t FAI Ac g eg Afais Reor a mplme ed y hr h he G t Forin f r f m nd Re tu t rng Ac,Pu L.No.1 5 2 7 Di .G,1 2 S a.2 1 8 1 Se as sr cu i t b. 0 -7 , v 1 tt 68 - 2 . e lo Tu k o v.Hod r 6 7 F.d 5 3 5 n 3 (t Ci.2 2 ( tng sme . The rs n le, 6 3 2 , 26 . 4h r 01 ) noi a ) M io e c Co r c ncu e t a Se to 2 4 4 )o t FARR Ac d p i e t r n s u u t o ld d h t ci n 2 2 d f he t e rv d he dsrc c u to jlid cin t c n ie t epeiin rscamst thewo l be itit o r f t s ito o o sd r h t o e ' li ha r t ud t t e i e rdie 480 F. a 675;se as M una v.Gee , 553 U . 674 orurd f xta td. jd t e lo f rn S. ( 0 )(n a d e sn camso mii y deane s i Ia who c le g d t i 2 08 i d r sig li f lt m' ti e n rq haln e her - ta f t Ia o c as f r pr e uton, i woul be i o r f r c t t r nser o r qi o i l o os c i t d mpr pe o om' o s r vi w t e c i br nc s de e m i t o r ga di t lke i e e he xe utve a h' t r na i n e r ng he i lhood of t r ur ot e afe ta f r be aus i was a decson f t C ii a br nc s' no t tr r ns e , c e t ii or he t tc l a he y' t he pol co t) urs. Ye Gon v.Hol r 992 F.Supp.2d a 663- (oot t omitd) Ac or ngl J de , t 64 f noes te . c di y, udgeTur k de e r le on t s ca m . Bec us t Se r t r of Stt ha not ye is d a s r r nid e if hi li a e he c e a y ae d t s ue urende warn , we e, u g Tt kd s se t ecam wi o t eu ie ra tho v r J d e l imis d h li t u prj d c . r h As h dd i h s ii a j2 41 p tto Ye Go a g s ta t d src c u th s e i n i nt l 2 ei n, i i n r ue h t he itit o r a j rs ito t e j2 41t rviw t Se rtr o Saesfn la e c a to i is n t e u id ci n md r 2 o e e he ceay f tt ' i a g n y cin n suig h s r e rwa r n ,i t f c ofYe Gon' e de et thewiltkey bet rtr d i e r die t u r nde r a t n he a e s vi nc ha li l o tle f xta t d o M e io. Hea k t c u t o a py t Ad n sr t P o e u e Ac (APA' t rv e a d xc s s he o r t p l he miitai r c d r s t C ve ç ' o e iw n ) r ver e t Se e a y' dec s o t e r die e s he cr t r s i i n o xt a t . 10 Ye Gon' c s ouns l co e d a o a a gum e i t s ca e ho e r t t t Fo t e nc de t r l r nt n hi s , w ve , ha he urh Cic ts o ni i M io s u de i d t s is agans hi . I M ione c t Co thel r ui' pi on n r ne c c de he e s ues i t m n r s u, he ur d t tt FARR Ac e e sy r src s c t fom c i rng t tle c am si t e r dii ha he t xpr s l e tit ours r onsde i ortr l i n he xta ton c e . 480 F. a 674 (( M io c prs nt hi cam a pat o hi c lenge t ontxt 3d t ç As r nesu e e s s li s r f s hal o e r ton,...j22424)g t FAl. Acqce l pr l d t dititc tfo e rii xtadii d of he l t lary ecude he src our r m xecsng R j rs ito ' . The Co r as hed t a t eAPA d e n tp o ie a i d p n e ts u c o u id cin.) ' u t lo l h t h o s o r vd n n e e d n o r e f j rs ito t h a s h cams S ei a 6 7n.5(iig 5U. C.j7 ()1 (r vdngt a u id cin o e r uc li . e d. t 7 1 ctn S. 01a( ) p o ii h t APA rv e o a a e y d cso i n ta alb ei tttt sp e ld j d ca r ve '.Thee e iw f n g nc e iin s o v ia l f t au e r cu e u iil e iw' s ) s hol ngs i M ione c t t CA T,t FA RR A c , a t A PA do no pr vi a ho iy f di n r s u- ha he t nd he t o de ut r t or c t e e oft Se r t r s s r nde de s on a ebi ng on t s c t our r vi w he c e a y' ur e r ci i - r ndi hi our . I s t unde M ione c t sc tcamotgrnta rle t Ye Gon t r j2241 n hor, r r s u, hi our r a ny eif o mde r ga di hi as e ton t tt Sec e a y e r ousy de i d a i thi on hi cli unde e r ng s s ri ha he r t r r one l c de gans m s am r 6 ef CAT. Ther ore, t c twil ds s Ye Go s j2241 peiin a t t s cam wih he our l imis n' tto s o hi li t P eudc . rj ie C. D ue Pr s C ons der i oce s i aton Ye Go nex a s rs t t t pr es a f de hi by t Sec e a y of St t i t n t s e t ha he oc s for d m he rtr ae n he de son t e r die hi was a bir z a ca ii i vi aton ofhi due pr e s rght,a cii o xta t m z ta y nd prc ous n ol i s oc s i s c am whih he c e he c n vi cae i f de alco tunde Bi nsv.Si Unkno Na e li c ontnds a ndi t n e r ur r ve x wn m d Ac n so Fe .Bt e u o Nac tc ,4 3 U. 3 8 ( 9 ) S e i c ly h c mp an t tt e t f d l a f ro is 0 S. 8 1 71. p ct al , e o lis ha he r i D e r m e r pe t dl r buf e c m s ls r que t t di c s Y e Gon' t r lr c a m s i pe s pa t nt e a e y e f d ot e ' e s s o s us s o tze l i n r on. 6 Thecour r cog ze t tt Nit Cic thasr c d adifr ntconcl i ont is oft e e t e ni s ha he n h r ui ea he fe e uson he s ue he xtnt t whc teF o ih h ARR Ac frco e fdea h b a rviw.nTrnd dvGacav Th ma , 8 F.d9 2 9 6(t t oe ls s e rl a e s e e I iia ri . o s 6 3 3 5 , 5 9h Ci. 01 )(nb n )teCo r h l ta teFARR Ac ddn t e e l 1fd rl a a jzidcino e a r 2 2 e a c,h u t ed h th t i o rp a a1e ea h be s l s it v r r o pe ii rscli t thi e r ton woul vi aehi rght underCAT a t DuePr es Cl e.683F. a ttone ' am ha s xtadii d olt s i s nd he oc s aus 3d t 9 6 Thsc u th we e,sb u db teF u t Cic i' p o o cme t o tes be twhc aecer 5 . i o r, o v r i o n y h o rh ruts r n un e ns n h u j c ih r la. Ye Gon c e t the t d no wa ofknowi orr s ontnds ha t ha y ng e pondi t a co e sore de e, ng o ny mm nt vi nc icudn p tnil sttme t,h tma h v b e s b te b Me c na t o i e . ( n l ig oe ta misae n s t a y a e e n u mitd y xia u h rt s' ECF i ' No.1 a 21. Hease t t tmeey s ti hi maeil tnt abl k hol 'wihouta 3, t ) s rs ha r l ubmitng s tras t o ac e' t i ny o he i ve e t i t dedson- a ng pr es wa dnhe e l de int' pr dur l t r nvol m n n he i m ki oc s s ç r nty fce ' oce a i p o e to f racam i v li rs t hi lf a dwel ig.(d. YeGo as man anst a r tcin o li n ovng iks o s ie n lben I ) n lo iti h t t e r to G e trdecson' fo t S a eDe rme i ti r ty de i int'bec us i i he xtadii n t te l ii ' r m he t t pa t nt s lnhe en l fce ' a e t s ç rte i t a t r tve, m a ng i i pos i e f hi t de i s it n n he le na i ' ki t m w ' sbl or m o c pher G hy t dec s on w a d w he ii s ma 'ort ha wasde ded.? ( No.31 a 21. de' ç t w ci ' ECF ' ,t ) The c t c l s t t Y e G o s due pr es c ai , as ng t s co tt r vi w t our onc ude ha n' oc s l m ki hi ur o e e he mec nim soft St t De rm e i a r s i hi CAT cam a is pos i e neg itons ha s he ae pa t nt n dd e sng s li nd t sbl ota i wih M e ia a t o iis i b re fo r ve u d rj2 41 b t e Mio e c d cso S e t x c n u h rte , s ar d r m e iw n e 2 y h r n s u e iin. e 4 0F.da 6 4 (Th ln u gegfj2 4 1p anyc n y t a at o g c u t ma c n ie o 8 3 t 7 ç e a g a o 2 2 lil o ve s h t lh u h o rs y o sd r r ( r vi w CAT or FARR Ac cli s a pa to t i r vi w of a ûna r e e t am s r f her e e l emovalor r t y a e de , he r oh r s p e ld d fo c n ieig o rv e n s c cams te wie rcu e r m o sd rn r e iwig u h li .As(h e ta ie )p e e t h s t e xr dte r sn s i cam a p r o hi c alng t e ta i o , ah rta rmo l j2 2 4 )ce ry p e l d dt e li s a t f s h le e o xr dt n rte h n e va, 4 2 d lal rcu e h i dititc tfom e r sng j idito '. I Mione c t dititco q i de ng t src our r xecii urs cin.) n r s u, he src ur n nyi he ' gove l e ' m oto t dimis t e r die sha aspetton,e ra nts i n o s s he xta te' be m ii mpha i ed t ti woul not sz ha t d c onduc a de novo r vi w of t r o d but i t ad w oul G e e y de e m i whet r t t e e he ec r ns e d t r l t r ne m he he S ceay dd,i fc,c n i e ( e ta ie 'je ie e i o l t s s q e ty a d v ldy e r tr i n a t o sd r t x rdte s vd nc , f ny o ub e u nl n ai l he rj c i 'I a 668.I t i tntc s ,t c ti t tYeGon,i t guieofaduepr s ee t t' d. t n he nsa a e he our fnds ha n he s oce s c am , i s e ng a smia deer nai n fom t s c t i r ga d t t va i t of t l i s e ki i lr t mi to r hi our n e r o he ldiy he 7 Spe fca l , Ye Gon aserst tt lte ' f m a la shi tn t dak a ut f e cii ly s t ha he e trs or t e ve m t he r bo , or xampl,wha i e t c r have be n a ove f e r ton,a whehe M e c gave i o ton o c mmime st pr t c hi hages e ppr d or xtadii nd t r xio nfnnai r o t nt o o e t s s ft a an to'ters i a dwh nh i e ta i d' ( No 31 a 212 ) aey g is trt iks f n e e s xrdt . ECF . , t -2. tr e ' 12 Se r t y' e r dii de ii n unde CAT. Agai t c uti c tane t hol t ti i c ear s xta ton c so r n, he ot' s onsr i d o d ha t s p e lde fo e e csn j rs ito o rs c cam u e M io e c M o e v r Ye Go s r cu d r m x r iig u id cin ve u h li nd r r n su. ro e , n' co elco e a muc a o a a g e a t a y s t tve due pr e s c am . Se a s uns nc ded s h t r l r um nt s o n ubsan i oc s l i e 'o l ' i da 683F. a 957 (i ngt tpeii rsSs tntveduepr s cam i f ecosd Trni d, 3d t fndi ha ttone ' çubsa i oce s li s or l e byM una v.Ge e 553U. 674 ( )7. f r n, S. 2008' ) Ev ni t ec u t a j rs ito o rYeGo sd ep o e scam, ewo l si n tb e f h o r h s u idcin ve n' u r c s li h ud tl o e l e tted t ha asr lb . To t e e t tYe Go r i on Trni d i s n il o be e if he xt nt ha n eles i da n uppo toft s cai , r hi l m t c tfnds t t Ye Go s due pr e s rght we e not vi aed i t i tnt c s I he our i ha n' oc s i s r ol t n he ns a a e. n Trn d d t e Co r h l t tSthe p o e sd e h r i t tprs rbe b t e sau e a d t e ii a , h u t ed ha ç l r c s u e e s ha e ci d y h ttt n h l i pl me i r a i ' 683 F. a 957. Spe fc l unde CAT a t FARR Ac,û he m e ntng egulton. ' 3d t ciialy, r nd he t ç t Sec e a y of St t mus ma a t t e de e nai be or s r nde i a e r die who rtr ae t ke orur t nni ton f e ur e rng n xta t e ma a CAT cli ' I a 956 (mphass i o i na) The Cour r ogni d lmie kes am.' d. t e i n rgi l. t ec ze i td j rs ito u d r j2 41 t d tnnne wh t e te S c ea y h d û o ie ) wi h r u id cin n e 2 o ee i eh r h e r tr a d mplgd t e c h oblgai ns't make a t t e de e nai be or is ng a s r nde wa r nt 1 a 957. i to ' o orur t nni ton f e s ui ure r r a . d. t Thus t Ni h Cic tr ed t t whe a pe ii ne ha r eve a de l r to sg d by t , he nt r ui ul ha n tto r s ec i d c a ai n, i ne he Sec e a y' desg e i c tng t tt De rm e co ple wih is oblgai unde CAT r t r s i ne , ndi ai ha he pa t nt m i d t t i tons r a doh rrg lto ,t ec utsiq tysal a ra h dise d. 1 Th Co r i Trnd d n te e uainszh o r' n ur h lh ve e c e t n ' d. e u tn iia t ' e p e sy o m ze a y p ird cso sçmp lig g e trj iilr ve o t s bsa c o x rs l ve ld n ro e iin s lyn q r ae udca e iw f he u tn e f i t Sec ear s e r to de son ot r t n c he r t y' xtadii n cii he ha ompla wih he oblgai unde dom e tc i nce t r i tons r si lw. I ( tngCo eo- rto,21 F. a 1 2) a ' d.cii ' m i Baet 8 3d t 01 . I i s c s ,t r c d rve l t t Ye Gon r eve t e e n hi a e he e or e as ha ec i d he xtntof t pr e la he oc dtrl p o ec i n c e pl t d by Co r sunde t s a ut s a i s r t t o ont m a e ng es r he t t e t s ue: c ns de a i a a e utve o i r ton nd n xec i de iin o t CAT cai be o et s rnde warntwasis d. Se i .s as Pe o fv. cso n he l m f r he ure r ra sue e ê. ee lo r f ' , 13 Hvl n 5 3F. 1 9 ,1 0 (t Ci. 9 7 (ee t cam t td p o e sr q ie S ceay t , 6 2d 0 9 1 2 4h r 1 7 ) rj ci li ha ue r c s e ur s e rtr o ng t hod h a ig b f r e e csn d sr to t s re d r f gtv )8 J r z- dana v Untd o l e rn eo e x riig ic ein o u rn e u i e; ua e sal i ie . Stts 700 F.Supp.2d 953,96 ( . Tem.201 (i i t tihe ei no pr durldue ae , 2 W D. r 0) fndng ha d r s t oce a P O C Sl olrmel t P'ViC gh e ta ie )wi a h ai g n ri a h ai n c s ay o F C S ' t c l o 1 d t e x rdte t e rn , o s e rng e e s r r e i t O h a p o rae' ctn Peo f 5 3F.da 1 0 ). p r p it '(iig r f, 6 2 t 1 2 ) Fort s r a o ,t c tc ude t tYe Gon ha notsa e a due pr es cli he e e s ns he our oncl s ha s ttd oc s a m unde a t or onwhih t sc tma grnthi r ifunde j2241 Thec twildimis r ny he y c hi our y a m ele r . our l s s hsp tto a t t scam wi p eu ie i ei n s o hi li t rj dc . i h D . Sus ns o C l e Conc rns pe i n aus e I hi f t cam unde j2241 n s ourh li r ,Ye Gon ase t t tt Sus nson Clus oft s rs ha he pe i a e he Consiuton pr bist cour f o a yi t FARR Ac s ast pr l ha a r vi w of tt i ohi t he t r m ppl ng he t o o ecude be s e e h s cam t a h wo l b s be tt tru e i e ta ie ( e ECF No 31 a 8 (Th i li h t e u d e u j c o o tr f x rdtd. Se . ,t G e $ g v r me ta to st d prv peiin ro j d ca rv e o h stru ers svo aeh srg t o e n n ci n o e ie tto e f u iil e iw f i o tr ik ilt i ih s u e t S s e so Clus o t eU. Co ttto . ) Thi cam wa no d cd d b t e nd r he u p n in a e f h S. nsiui n' . s li s t e i e y h l o t oncl s Fourh Cic ti M iones u. The c ur c ude , how e r t ti i w ihoutm e i . t r ui n r c 9 ve , ha t s t rt Th S p n in Clu ep o ie ta û th Prvlg o t eW rto Ha e sCop s l e us e so a s r vd s h t s l e iie e f h i f b a rus hal g notbe s pe d,unls whe i Ca e ofRe lon o I i n t pu i Saf t ma r quie us nde es n n ss beli r nvaso he blc ey y e r Ar.1 j9,c.2. TheSus nso Clus i ns e t t e e du i pei off r l t, l pe in a e t urs ha, xc pt rng rods oma e s s n in t ej iir wi h v atmetse d vie t ewrtt man an ted lc t b ln e u pe so , h udcay l a e i -e td e c ,h i,o iti h eiae aa c l 8 I Peo fteF u t Cic t oe ta dth n e frfe iit i t e ecs o Ex c tv dsrto i n rf,h o rh ruin ts h til e e d o lxbly n he x rie f e uie icein s E i hei ene i i emai le r ton pr edi whih ne s a iy i i t t f egn polc i e e t oft ght d n ntl tona xtadii oce ngs c ce s rl mplcae he or i iy ntr ss he Unie Stt .Th ,whie Co r ssha pr ded t texr dia lt s lbe deem i i t fr ti t e by a td aes us l ng e s ovi ha ta tbiiy hal tr ned n he is nsanc j d eo ma itae 1 U.. 531 4,h utmaed cso t e ta i i odn rl amatrwi ntee cusv u g r gsrt, 8 SC. 8 te l t eiin o xrdt s riai i e y te t h x l ie hi p l e o teEx c tv . Peo 5 3F.da 1 0 (nen l u tto mak a ctto o te ) uwiw fh e uie' r t 6 2 t 1 2 itra q oain r s nd i in mi d . ' a t 9 Se 48 F.3 a 6 7 n1 (M io su doe no a guet tde ng hi t oppor niy t pr s nthi e 0 d t 7 .5 ç r nec ( s tr ha nyi m he m t o ee s CAT a FARR Ac cl ms on ha sr viw vi aest Sus in Clus W e t r f e do no a e st t nd t ai bea e e olt he penso a e. he eor t ddr s ha is e'. su -) ' 1 4 ofgo r ncet ti is l t s e ts f gua d oflbe t ' Boumedine v.Bus 553 U. 723, ve na ha s tef he ur s a e r i ry. ' e h, S. 746( 2008) . The Supr m e Cotr ha notdecded whehe t Sus nson Clus t o e t t wrtas e tt s i t r he pe i a e ' t c s he i pr i e se whe t Co tt i wasdr fe a r tfed, orwhehe t Cl us sG ot to t xit d n he nsiuton a t d nd a ii ' ' t r he a e' d eci ns pr . . . ha e nde aong wih pos- 789 de l pm e s' Bus 553 U . a 746,s ealo I v. ve xpa d l t t1 ve o nt . ' h, S. t . e s NS S .Cy ,5 3 U. 2 9 3 0 01 ( 0 ) ( ( tt e a s lt mi i z t e S p nso Clus t r 3 S. 8 , 0 - 2 01 CA) h b oue nml h us e in a e : m, p oe t te wrt (s i e itd i 1 9.1 (iain o te ) W hi te Fo rh Cic i ha r tcs h i a t x se n 78 ') ctto mitd . ' l h u t rut s e C nt d t tt Clus mi ve y wel pr e tonl t f i e ha he a e ght r hi l ot c y he onne a nott lte , i hasalo r nd he a tr' t ' s d cie t stl ti p riulrq e to . Un td Sae v. u r t,7 7F.d 2 0 2 4 ( t Ci. e ln d o ete h s a t a u sin ie tts S rat 9 3 4 , 6 4h r c 2 1 )(iigl r Vil 1 5F.d 1 9 ,1 9 n 1 (t Ci. 9 7 ) 0 5 ctn n e a, 1 3 1 2 1 7 . 1 4h r 1 9 ). Ha e sr v e i t e ta i o c n e ha ta iinal b e l tdt d tr nn () b a e iw n he xr dt n o txt s r dto l e n i e o ee mi ig a i y mi wh t e te c u tha j rs ito o rt peiin r ( )wh t e te e ta iin rq e tfls eh r h o r s u idcin ve he tto e , b eh r h x rdto e u s al wi i tes o o t te t a d()wh t e t f rin c a g i s p o tdbyp o a l c us . t n h c pe f he r ay, n c eh r he o eg h r e s u p re h rb be a e Se Fen n e v. i is 2 U. 31 , 2 ( 9 ) YeGo h sce ry h dt ef 1 b nek o e r a d z Phl p , 68 S. 1 31 1 25 . l n a lal a h u1 e t f ha sr viw oft e r dii r ques unde t ss a r bea e e he xta ton e t r hi tnda d. Ye Go now s ks habe r viw of t s r nde decson is l on t ba i t t he n ee as e e he ure r ii t ef he ss ha wo d be s b e tt tru e i e ta ie t Me io. Ho v r h ctsn bndn p e e e t ul u j c o o tr f xr dtd o x c we e , e i o i ig r c d n e s uppo tng hi cl i t t ha s r vi w i a ia e t c le ri s a m ha bea e e s val bl o hal ngç t team e t t t he m i he r t n ha ght - r c ve a t desi ton a whih he i t be e r die Ast D. Cic tpr vi usy not d, e ei t he tna i t c so xta t d. he C. r ui e o l e tgl efci e rdiin tadiinal ha no be n a et manti ha scamst bl k sthos a ng xta to r to ly ve t e bl o i an bea li o oc ta frba e on c tonsi t rc vi c r ' Oma v.M c-ugh,6 F. 1 1 ( C. rnse s d ondii n he e ei ng ounty. ' r l l 46 3d 3, 9 D. Ci.2011 . I tad,%c t hit ial ha rf ed t i r i o co to a e rdie r ) nse ûours sorc ly ve e us o nquie nt ndiins n xta td i vi mi f c i t r c i ng comty.'I ndi dual ght a e n he e e vi t r ' d. 15 Thi pr ciepoi wa r a fnne by t Supr me Cour i M unafi whih i a e s d s e s nt s e fi d he e tn n c t ddr s e t due pr e s c ai s of m iia y de ai s w ho c le d t i ta f r t I a o t i s f he oc s l m lt r t nee ha l nge he r r ns e o r qi fk al or pr e uton. 553 U . a 692. Cii e r dii c e l w ,t Supr m e Cour c ude t ti os c i S. t tng xt a ton as a he e t oncl d ha t woul be i ope f c t t gr n ha as r vi w oft Exec i br nc s de em i ton d mpr r or ours o a t be e e he utve a h' tr na i r r ng t lke i ega di he i lhood of t t e a t ta f r be a e i w a a de ii f r t ç ii a orur fer r nse , c us t s cson o he d tc l pol b a c e 'a o po e t t ec u t. L- a 7 0 01 Th Co r n td t tGhlb a c pusha r n h s' s p s d o h o rs p t 0 - . e u t o e ha l a e s o . g s bee he d no t be a vald m e nsofi r i o t t e t e t r a o i a i i t d t r c ve n l to i a nqui y nt he r a m nt he el t r s ntc pa e o e ei i t r que tng sa e' and t t is pror de ii m a c e r t t çt i f t po ii a n he e si t t ,' ha t i c sons ke l a ha ç s or he ltc l i br hes nott J ca y,t a s s pr c ies i f ei c re a t de e m i na i l anc , he udi ir o s e s a tc n or gn ounti s nd o t r ne tona poiy i lg to to ea s sme t. I . itr l iain a dq oainmak o te ) l n ih f h s se s n s' d (nena ctto s n u tto r s mitd . c ' Fort s r s ns t c tc ude t tYeGon' i a i oft Sus nson Cl us he e ea o , he our oncl s ha s nvoc ton he pe i a e doe no pe m i t co tt de a e fom t Fourh Cic ts de ii i M iones u,whih s t r t he ur o vit r he t r ui' cson n r c c c ea l pr cl s t c t f om r vi w i hi cl i t t t r s of t t e s d ba hi l ry e ude he our r e e ng s a m ha he i k orur houl r s e r dii Ac or ng y,t c twildimishi peii n a t t scli . xta ton. c di l he our l s s s tto s o hi am E. I pr ry De e ed Aut iy m ope l l gat hor t I hi ffhcam unde j2241, Gon c ntndst (heg nme ' de iin t ha n s it li r Ye o e hats over nts cso o ve t t e De u y S ceay o S ae is e (h s r n e warn) r p e e t a u a t o ie a d h p t e rtr f tt su t e ure d r ra t e rs n s n n u h rz d n u c n tt to a d lg to o e e ui a t rt ' ( No 31 a 25) He a s rs ta n o siui n l ee ain f x c t uhoiy. ECF . , t . ve ' se t h t Congrs pli y sae i 18 U. C.j3188 isitntfr s h decso t be is d by t e s anl ttd n S. t ne o uc iins o sue he Se r t r of St t ,a no t St t D e r m e i g r l Fur he m or ,Y e Gon a gu s t t22 ceay a e nd t he a e pa t nt n ene a . t r e r e ha U. C j 2651 ()4)pr vi s t tt Se rtr ma dee t hi a ho iy onl whe i i S. aa( o de ha he ceay y lgae s ut rt y n t s necess t do so. ary o 16 Agai f t r as sa e a n, or he e ons tt d bove,t c ttndst tt si o rdelga i c am i he our s ha hi mpr pe e ton l i s y t a oh r atmp b Ye Go t o ti j d ca rv e o t e S ceay s (r De u y e n t e te t y n o ban u iil e iw f h e rtr ' o p t Seceay') de iin unde CAT. Be us Ye Gon prs nt t s cam aspa tofhi ha s rtr s cso r ca e e e s hi li r s bea c opus c le t t Se rtr se rdii de iin,t c tfndst t j 22424 oft halnge o he c eay' xta ton cso he our i ha d) he F ARR Ac a anp e lde t ed src c u t r m e rii gj rs ito o rtecam. t g i r cu s h itit o r fo xecsn u idcin ve h li M o e v r e e i te c u td d ha e j rs ito ,t i r pe d lg to cam i r o e, v n f h o r i v u idcin he mp o r ee ain li s w ihoutm e i. Sec i n 3188 m e e y r quies a pe ii t rt to rl e r ttoners e ng r ea e undert tpr s on t e ki el s ha ovi i o gi pro notc t t Sec e a y o St t he s cton does no s ve i r i e o he r t r f a e;t e i t ugge t t t a e r dii s ha n xta ton de son i t e usve pr nc oft Sec e a y peronaly. 0n t c r r ,Congr s has cii s he xcl i ovi e he r t r s l he onta y, es e esl pr vi d t t Cuj es ot r s s cfe i lw, t Se rtr ma delgae xpr sy o de ha t nl s he wie pe iid n a he ceay y e t l a hort t pe f m a of t fm ci ns of t Se r t r or t De rme t of e s a ut iy o ror ny he t to he c e a y he pa t nt o ûc r nd e oye unde t die ton a s r son oft Seceay. 22 U. C.j2651 ()4) mpl es r he rbi nd upe vii he rtr ' ' S. aa( . Un e t i s cin,h Se rtr h sç ee ae d t t eDe uy S c eay . . 1 a t o iisa d r hs e to te cea y a s lg t g) o h p t e rtr . al u h rte nd d f nc i vese i t Se r t r ofStt ort he d ofage y by a a t or r dee mi ton, u tons t d n he c e a y a e he a nc ny c , de , tr na i de e ton of au hort e a i or e c i or r' D e e ton f o t Se r t r t t l ga i t iy,r gul ton, xe utve de . ' l ga i r m he c e a y o he De y Sec e a y and t De y Sec e a y f M a put rtr he put r t r or nage e ta Res ce ofAu horteso t m n nd our s t ii f he Se rtr o S ae 7 Fe Re 8 3 - ( b 2 ,20 9 ( itn,H.. Mo e v r t e ceay f tt, 4 d. g. 8 5 01 Fe . 6 0 ) Cln o ) r o e, h De rm e of St t r a i pr m ul t d unde t FAll Ac t i e e t To t e pa t nt a e egultons o ga e r he tl t o mplm nt he rur Conve i e es l pr de t t (se r t r me nton xpr sy ovi ha G c ea y ans Se ea y of St t a i l , f cr tr a e nd ncudes or pupos soft sr e t De y Se r tr ofStt by deegai ' 22 C. R.j95.( . Se e hi ul, he put c eay ae, l ton.' F. 1d) e as Trni d,68 F. a 957 (i ngt ta e r dieei e ild t & de lrton t tghe lo i da 3 3d t fndi ha n xta t s ntte o ( caai ha t a Se rtr of Stt ' ha co id wih g s oblgai y whih mus be ( i d by t ceay ae' s mple t hi) i tons' c ) ' t G gne s he Se rtr oras ni ofii pr pel desg td by t Seceay' . The eor,t sdee ton ceay e or fcal o ry inae he rtr ' ) r f e hi lgai 17 of a t iy fom t Se r t r doe no a a t be i onsse wih t r gu ai ns o t u hort r he' c e a y s t ppe r o nc itnt t he e l to r he saut s a f l wihi t saut r pr son e we i t Se r t r t m a a opra e t t e , nd als t n he t t o y ovii mpo rng he c e a y o ke ppr it de ega i . l tons Fo te e ra o s te c u tc n l e t a i h sn j rs ito t g a tYeGo rle r h s e s n , h o r o cud s h t t a o u idcin o rn n eif unde j2241 frhi i o rdee ton cam a t tt cam i wiho mei. Theco t r o s mpr pe lgai li nd ha he li s t ut rt ur wi ds s hsp tto a t t i cam wi p eu ie l imis i ei n s o h s li t rj dc . l i h 1 1 CO N CL U SI N 1. O Fo t f r goi r s r he o e ng ea ons sa e he c t s tt d,t our umm a iy dim is s Ye Gon' s c rl s s e s e ond a n e j2 41peiin wihp eu iea wi u me iu e c n r liglw.0 s eRuls1a me d d 2 t o t rj dc s t t rt nd r o toln a 1 e e () t ho a 4,RulsGoveni j225 Ca e .Ast peiini dimis d,YeGon' e r nc moi nd e r ng 4 ss he tto s s se s mege y ton f sa ofe r dii d i t pe nc oft sc e i moot or ty xta ton urng he nde y hi as s .Atcouns lsr que tdtrng o a e ' e s li r l a g e s ho ver t c twilg a abre sa ofe r dii t e ur t tYe Go ha al r um nt, we , he our l r nt if t y xta ton o ns e ha n s t opporuniy t no ea a ala s e asa fom t Fourh Cic t t t o t n ppe nd e k t y r he t r ui. An a o it or rwile e t sda ppr pra e de l nt r hi y. EN TER : Thi s O & d y ofo ct ber 2015. a o , ChifUnie St t sDititJ e t d a e src udge 1 Ye Gonalo saest thei s ki cor nobi r le unde t A1 W rt Ac, 28U. C. 1 51 Th 0 s tt ha s ee ng am s eif r he l is t S. j 6 . e cour fnds no me i t t s cai whih Ye Gon doe notbre . The wrtof c a no s wa Sr diinal ti rt o hi l m, c s if i or m bi s t a to ly aalbehnyt bigbntsbeilon'fculrosmaeilftevveiia'Cajai.o telgtpoeU.g ieis coltodenndaf'etecudeatarharngdirbeor telryt' rgll t Uniedeal,51ei. v : l s e re eo h gul rageoervi td t hhaitcn elsrv fh St e rc dn a r r t a dd d r e y t as 7 S tl u a h f s e oe 41 4 (9 6 (nena q oain a dctto o te ) YeGo ponst n s c fnd me tlfcu l ro . 6, 28 1 9 ) itr l u tto s n iain mi d . l n it o o u h u a na a ta err 18
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