Hoback v. County of Bedford et al, No. 7:2014cv00711 - Document 46 (W.D. Va. 2015)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 9/18/2015. (lab)
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I TH E UN I N TED STATES D I STRI CO URT CT FO R TH E W ESTERN D I STRI OF V I GI I CT R N A ROA N OK E D I I ON V SI CLERK' OFFI U, DI COURT S CE S. ST. AT ROANOKE,VA FI LED SEF 13 2 1 25 J I . DL U A EX e . JEM Y L.H OBA CK , Pl i if a ntf , Ci lA c i N o. 1 CV vi ton 7: 4- 00711 M EM O R AN DU M O PI O N NI JOHN DO E, uni iied 1 enf dentt aw orcem entof i s fcer a age i s nd nc e , By:H on.Gl n E. zad e Colr Chi fUnie St t s Di t i tJ e e t d a e s rc udg D e e nt . f nda s Pl ntf J r L.Hobac fl hi i ta c aitunde 42U. C.j1 onDe mber ai if ery k ied s niil ompl n r S. 983 ce 30,201 Thi ca e i pr e l be or t c ton pl i i f sm oton f l ve t fl a s c 4. s s s es nty f e he our a ntf i or ea o ie e ond a e d c pl nt Fort r s nss tf rh be ow , a ntf ' m oto wilbe de ed. m nde om ai . he ea o e o t l pl i if s in l ni Backeround The c r s m a i est f c ua a l ga i i a lghtm os f vor bl t t pl n if ou t um r z he a t l le tons n i t a a e o he ai tf . Erc on v. r us 551U. 89,93- ( iks Pa d , S. 94 2007)1H o k i ar i entofRoanoke, VA. om Doe . bac s esd Jl de e nt ,uni ntfed 1 w e or e e ofi e s a ag nc es a e be i ve t be e pl esof f nda s de ii a nf c m nt f c r nd e i , r le d o m oye t Bedf d Coun y She ifsDe rm e . Aprl20,201 Hobae at nded as dalf to he or t rf pa t nt On i 3, k te o unc in onQuaryRoa i Be or Vigi a Ats poi whieHoba kwasa t s a f ton, r d n df d, r ni. ome nt l c t he ocil unci me be soft Bedf d Count She ifsDe t e ta ved a a ke t s e i nttcai n f r m r he or y rf parm n ni nd s d o e de ii to o e r ne who waspr e .The ofi e s s t d H oba k w a ki a ound w ihouta s r on a ve yo es nt t c r pote c l ng r t hi t nd Hoback v. County of Bedford et al Doc. 46 a ke oneofHoba sf l m e r t r s d ck' amiy mbe s o emovehi fom t pr pery,pr tm a y t t ke m r he o t esz bl o a hi hom e. m 'A lhough de e nt di no tl a moton t dim i s t y r ues t tt co tdi m ist ca e i t ropposton t f nda s d t 5 e i o s s , he eq t ha he ur s s he s n hei ii bre . An a s r i t ta amendm e i f tl i r ewe und t çm o i t di mi s's a r M il rv. if s e ton ha n nt s u ie s evi d er he s ton o s s ' t nda d. le Be eiil mtCo p, 8 F. p 9 0 1 01( N..19 ) n fca Ma . r .8 4 Su p. 9 , 0 D. J 9 3 . Dockets.Justia.com e uni ntfe polc ofiergr bbe hi s ul ra s hi a ound.Theofi e t n sr k de iid ie fc a d s ho de nd pun m r fc r he tuc H oba i t f c w ih hi f s a ki ke H oba k w he he f lt t gr ck n he a e t s i t nd c d c n el o he ound. hie Hobac W l k w ason t g ound,s r lo he of i r punc d hi i t bac oft hea a one of i er he r eve a t r fce s he m n he k he d nd fc kikedhi i t gr n.l hi c c m n he oi n s ompli ,Hoba k cli st thepos d no t e tt ofi r a a nt c am ha e hr a o tce s nd di notpr d ovoket sat r a i Hoba k s e da a sa ar s toft sunr as bl a hi le c ton. c e ks m ge s e ul hi e ona e nd e esi f cei vi ai of42U. C.j1 xc sve or n olton S. 983. Hobac fl s tagans t Count ofBe or a J hnDoe d e nt on De mbe k ied ui i t he y df d nd o ef nda s ce r 30, 4. 201 The Count w ass r d on J nua y 30,201 On Fe ua y 28,20l t Co y of y e ve a r 5. br r 5, he unt Bedf d fl amoton t dim isf rf iur t saea ca m,a g ngt tHo c f ie t s or ied i o s s o a l e o t t li r ui ha ba k a ld o how t tt Count de i d hi ofa co tt i lr g t ough a of i a polcy orc t . n ha he y pr ve m nsiutona i ht hr n fci l i us om O M a 22, y 2015, oba fl hi fr tm oton f rl a t a e hi co pl ntt a She if H ck ied s i s i o e ve o m nd s m ai o dd rf M i ha lBr n,t Be or Count She if asa add to ldef nda t O n J 1 201 t c e ow he df d y rf , n ii na e n . une 2, 5, he courtgrant t Count sm oton t di i and gr ed i partH oback' m oton t add Sherif ed he y' i o sm ss ant n s i o f Br own a a addii na def nt She ifBr s n to l enda . rf own wa s r d on J y 17, s e ve ul 2015.She ifBr rf own f l d a m oto t di m i s on J y 2l 201 a g ng,i era i t the w a e il t s r g ie in o s s ul , 5 r ui nt la, ha s ntted o ove ei n i muniy u rt Elve h Ame e . c tgr nt She ifBr m t nde he e nt ndm nt The our a ed rf own' m oto o Augus s in n t 1 201 The moton f la t tl as co a e d co pl n hasbe f l bre eda i 9, 5. i or e ve o ie e nd m nde m ait en uly if nd s now rpe f r ew . i or evi Di scuss on i Rul l oft Fe r Rul sofCi lPr e epr d t tûe vet a e s l be e 5 he de al e vi oc dur ovi es ha t a o m nd ha l l fe l gi nwhe usies r rs'Fe R.Ci P.1 a.Theco ts ul de ga i rey ve nj tc o equie .' d. v. 5() ur ho d ny rntng l vet a ndonl wher goodras e ss Frnksv. s 31 F. 18 185n. ( h Ci. ea o me y e e on xit, a Ros, 3 3d 4, 15 4t r 2002) s a whent a ndmentwo dbei eudiilt t opposngpa t t r ha be n , uch s he me ul t j ca o he pr i ry,he e s e 2 bad f ih o t pary oft m ovi pa t o t a e m e woul ha bee f ie'La rv. at n he t he ng ry, r he m nd nt d ve n utl y' be Ha v 438F.d404, ( hCi. r ey, 3 426 4t r 2006) Ana ndme i f iei t a nde co ai . me nt s utl f he me d mpl nt voul nots v ve a m oton t di m i sf f iur t s a e a d a m . ki v.Unied St t ,55 d ur i i o s s or a l e o t t i Per ns t a es F. 91 91 ( h Ci.1 .Fort f lwi r s ns t c thol t tHoba k' a nde 3d 0, 7 4t r 995) he olo ng ea o ,he our ds ha c s me d com pl i w oul be f t l a nt d u ie. 1 . St ut ofL i iatons at e m t i J Doedef nt obecst Hoba k' motonfrla t fl asconda ohn enda s j t o c s i o e ve o ie e mende d c ompl i be a et a e e doe notr l t ba k t t orgi c pl n , ndt r f e ant c us he m ndm nt s e ae c o he i nal om ait a he e or hi cai i bar dbyt saut oflmiai .Theei noe i tsaut oflmiai frj s l m s re he tt e i ttons r s xplci tt e i ttons o 1 8 cams s tesaelmiain peidf r ro a ij r a to sa le . is nv. ri, 9 3 li , o h tt i tto s ro o pes n ln u y cin ppis W lo Gaca 471U. 2 1 2 6( 9 5 . r ii h sat -e rsaueo l tto sf rp ro a ij r S. 6 , 6 1 8 ) Vigna a woy a ttt f i ai n o e s n lnu y mi cl ms Va.Code An j8. - ( .Theeve sgi ngrs t Hobac scam oc ure on ai . . n. 01243A) nt vi ie o k' li c rd A prl20, 3.t ef e, he s a ut oflm iatons e r o A pr l20,201 Hobac fl d hi i 201 , her or t t t e i t i xpied n i 5. k ie s i ta com pl i on De m be 30, 4,w ihi t s a u e of lm ia i pe i nii l a nt ce r 201 t n he t t t i t tons rod. A c am ba r d by t a ia esaut oflm ia i i f tl ,a a u i ey li re he pplc bl t t e i ttons s u ie nd n ntm l a ndme ca bede e ont tbass. td Sttsv.Pit n,209F.d 31 31 ( hCi. me nt n nid ha i Unie ae tma 3 4, 7 4t r 2000) Howeve,Rul 1 c al a ndme st ac antt rlt ba kt t i ta . r e 5() lows me nt o ompli o eae c o he niil c pl ntunderce t n cic s a e .One s h cic sanc i w he a pa t s e t nam e om ai rai r um t nc s uc r um t e s n ry e ks o prvi l u de iidpate , c flsunde Rul l c( ( .Se Br ev.Smih,581F. e ousy ni ntfe ris whih al r e 5()3)C) e uc t Supp. 905( . Va 1 (û ngunknown,fcii ,orûohnDoe'dee nt i a 902, W D. . 984) i Nami ittous l fnda s n c pl i tdoesnott lt s a ut oflm ia i untls tm e a t na esoft e pa te c n om a n ol he t t e i t tons i uch i s he m hes ri s a besc e l t d,ia e ur d. nsea t mount t acha ofpa te u rFed.R.Ci P.1 c a t ne y so nge ris nde v. 5() nd he wl nam ed def endantsoughtt be s tt ed f t pr ousl unknown def o ubsiut or he evi y endantbecom es a new 3 pa t ' . a ry.' An mende co antna ngane pa t wilrlt bac i t e condii aeme : ) d mpli mi w ry l eae k f hre tons r t C 1 t cam a sre i t ame dpla ngars ou oft c ' ) he li se td n he nde e di ie t he onduc,r ns ci or ( tta a ton, oc re estf t i t oi na pla ng;( wihi t peidpr de bylw f cu rnc e orh n he rgi l e di 2) t n he ro ovi d a or c m e ng t a ton ag ns t m ,t pa test be br om nci he c i ai t he he r i o oughti ha r c ve s h notc o n ve e ei d uc ie f teisiuin o t ea to t the wil o bep eu ie i mananngt er e e s o t h n t to f h cin ha t y ln t rj dc d n itii h i d fn e n he t mert;a ( t ne pa teskne ors ul ha knownt tbutf t mitkec r ng is nd 3) he w ri w ho d ve ha, or he sa onceni t i ntt oft pr rpa tes t a ton wo d ha be br hta ns t m .' dsTher i he de iy he ope ri ,he c i ul ve en oug gai t he 'L. . , es no di put i t sca e t tt cl i s i t s c s e n hi s ha he a m n he e ond a e d co pl ntar e ou oft s m e m nde m ai os t he a c onduc ,ta ac i n,o oe ur e a t cl i s i t or gi lc pl nt The e or t t r ns to r c r nce s he a m n he i na om ai . r f e, he prm a y i r i w he he t s ond a t r f c o sa e m e . e t e s i t pl i if i r nquiy s t r he ec nd hi d a t r r t N verhel s , f he a ntf c nnotetbls t sa 'u rRul 15c ,he t c r ne no a es whehe a a sa ih û tke' nde e () t n he ou t ed t ddr s t r ny mi potntalne pa te ha co tuci notc Se i a 906(tlnt a enc ofamitkeby e i w ris d nsr tve ie. e d. t ûgj he bs e sa pl ntf ast t i ntfc ton oft pr pe de e n s i i ir e ntwhe he t ne pa t ai i f o he de i i a i he o r f nda t , t s r el va t r he w r y ha co tuci noi t t s two dha be br ug a i thi ') d nsr tve tce hathe ui ul ve en o ht gans m. . ' I t si t ntca e t co tfnds t tt r w a no m i t ke ast t i tf c ton oft n hi ns a s , he ur i ha he e s sa o he den ii a i he pr pe pa tes H oba k s ksl a t a end hi com pl ntt na e t uni ntf e l w o r ri . c ee e ve o m s ai o m he de ii d a se t e or e e ofi e s2 H e doesnota s r , howe r t the pr vi l m a a m i t e a t t nf c m nt fc r . ve , ha e ous y de s ak s o he i ntt oft of i r .l f c , oba k eve a isi hi m o i t the i l ur w hi oft de iy he fce s n a t H c n dm t n s ton ha sk uns e ch he ie tfe lw e f re n o fc r ij rdhm a dwil e u r f rh rds l u e'P1 sM o t d n iid a n o c me t fie s n u e i n lr q ie u te icos r . . t o ' ' Ame ! 8,Thelw i t Fou t Cic ti ce rt ç sa 'u rRul 1 c( )C)doe nd. a n he rh rui s la hati tke' nde e 5()1( mi s notper i r aton back w hen t m t el i here i a tl ofknow l s tack edge oft pr he operpary.'W .Contactng t' r i 21 hi m oton, Hoba k saest hes ekslav t a e be aus heçi endst i ntf t ei vi s n s i c tt hat e e e o m nd c e tnt o de iy hos ndi dual p e i u l s e a to Do .'P .sM o , oAme d! 6 a . we e , i p o s ds c n a n e c mp an sil r v o sy u d s l hn e' l' t t ' n () Ho v r h s r po e e o d me d d o l it tl na est de e nt asçl Do ' PI' M o . o Amend Ex. . t pur e oft sopi on, he cou tw il m he f nda s cohn e.' .s t t A For he pos s hi ni t r l tea H oba k' m oto a s eki l ve t a r t c s i n s e ng ea o mend t c pl ntt nam et J m Doe de e nt a t stme. he om ai o he ol f nda s t hi i Cop. Bec e Co p.885F. 11 1 (t Ci.1 4seas Loc e rv. r ma & v. thtl r , 2d 96, 201 4h r 989) e lo kla Beg n Be ncAB,457F. 363,366( hCi.2006)(iW ) ha ,i a l ngt sopeoft sr e, vi 3d 4t r û e ve n nayzi he c g hi ul ditng s be w e n m i t d t a l c ofknow l dg a m i t due t a m inom e . n s i ui hed t e sake ue o a k e e nd sake o s rl doi s weha notviwe l c ofknowldgeoft pr pa t t bes d asa ng o, ve e d ak e he oper ry o ue û sa e .') TheCo r i Lo ke rfu t a alwi tepan ift s bsi t n me p ris mitk gl' . ' u tn c la o nd h t l ng h litf o u t u e a d ate o t f rt k ol D oe 'de e nt , t rt s a ut oflm iatons ha r w ou d ç i c ve t o he ' m J ' f nda s afe he t t e i t i s un, l t r um nt he c w ei off r lca e l w ' hol ng t tt st pe ofs bsiuto k ght ede a s a ' di ha hi y u tt i n i doesnotco tt e a m i t ke. ns iut sa ' ' I a 367. d. t The s m e st ton i pr s nti t i t ntc s a t c tfndst tt r w asno a iua i s e e n he ns a a e, nd he our i ha he e m it keast t i ttesofJ Doedef nda s. sa o he den ii ohn e nt W ih r s c t H oba k' a gum e t the w a notgi n t i ntte ofJ hn Doe, he t e pe t o c s r nt ha s ve he de ii s o t S de oft ndi t pr pe de e nti on t pl i if' Phii v.Sa Fi e l ,270 F. c bur n i ng he o r f nda s he a ntf . ' lp m nl y. nc. Supp. 294 ( . Va.1 ) Ho c c nno t lt saut oflmiai byflnghi 292, W D. 967 . ba k a t ol he tt e i ttons ii s co pl ntunde a fc ii na e, hi i e pe i l t u w he t r a e no alega i of m ai r i ttous m w ch s s c aly r e n he e r l tons mic s onduc byt dee ntJ He e Hobac doe no c endt tt Count o She if t he fnda .. r , Z k s t ont ha he y r rf Br n m i l d ora t m pt d t c e t i ntt ofJ hn D oe def nt . or ove , he e i no ow se te e o onc al he de iy o enda s M e r t r s evi nce t tH oba k atem pt t di c rt na esoft J m D oe def nda spr o t t de ha c t ed o s ove he m he ol e nt i r o he co ts o de on A ugus 1 201 whi h o lne a unde s a ng t tde e e co elwoul ur ' r r t 9, 5, c uti d n r t ndi ha f ns uns d pr de t na est H o c Ther or ,t c tfnds t tHobac of e ed no e de e of ovi he m o ba k. ef e he our i ha k fr vi nc m ic s onduc byt dim is de e nt t tc dpos i y pe m i i t t l hesa ut of t he s s ed f nda s ha oul sbl r t t o ol t tt e lm ia i pe i i t tons r od. Be us H oba k hasnots n t the wasm it ke ast t na e oft pr r ca e c how ha s a n o he m s he ope de e nt a i f c ,a it d t hi l k ofknowl dge ast t pr pe def nt ,t c t f nda s nd, n a t dm te o s ac e o he o r enda s he our fndst tt s c a e d co pl i doe no r l t bac t t i talc pl nt M o e r i ha he e ond m nde m a nt s t e a e k o he nii om ai . r ove , t r i no e de eofmi c ud by t dim is d de e nt t t l he saut oflm iai he e s vi nc s ond he s s e f nda s o ol t tt e i ttons perod. r f e, hea e i The e or t m ndmen i f tl be aus t cli a i tt J m Doede e nt i t s u ie c e he a m gans he ol f nda s s ba r d by t s a u e oflm ia i . re he t t t i t tons II . Rul 4( ) e m The co ta s tndst H o c hasf ie t ac om pls s r c on t J D oe ur l o i hat ba k a ld o c i h e vi e he ohn dee nt wihi 1 da oft flngoft orgi c antpu s n t Rul 4( oft fnda s t n 20 ys he ii he i nal ompli , rua t o e m) he Fe a RulsofCi lPr e e. no poi i t i t ntaci n di Hoba k a k t c tt der l e vi oc dur At nt n he nsa to d c s he our o e e t tm e f r s r c f r g d ca e The ef e t co ti r quied,on isow n m oton,t xt nd he i o e vi e o oo us . r or , he ur s e r t i o d s s tecamsa ans t eJ h Do d fn a t wi o t rj d c p ru n t Rue4( . imis h li g i t h o n e ee d n s t u p eu ie u s a t o l m) h Concl on usi Forf egoi r as ,t c tc ude t tH oba k' s c a e or ng e ons he our oncl s ha c s e ond m nded c pl i om a nt doesnotr l t bac t t orgi lc pl i ta t e i no e de e ofm i c e a e k o he i na om a n nd her s vi nc s onduc by t t he di m i s de e nt t t lt sat e oflm ia i . r f e, he c thol t tt sat e s s ed f nda s o ol he t ut i t tons The e or t our ds ha he t ut of lm ia i ha e r d f t J m Doe de e nt ,a t s c a e i t tons s xpi e or he ol f nda s nd he e ond m nded com pl i i a nt s f ie. ss h,H o k' m oton f l a t f l a s c a e d com pl nti d e I utl A uc bac s i or e ve o ie e ond m nde ai s eni d. n a dto ,h cam a ans t J h Do d fn a t mu tb d s se wi u p eu ie d i n te li g i the o n e ee d ns s e imisd t t rj dc , i ho purua t Rul 4( . Clr i die e t s cette c e oft sme a s nt o e m) The ek s rctd o end rii d opis hi morndum opi on a t a om panyi or rt al c ni nd he cc ng de o l ouns ofr c d. el e or ENTER:Thi $ s 9 d yo S pe e, 01 . a f e tmb r2 5 Chi fUnie St t D i ti tJ e t d a es s r c udge
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