Brown v. Albemarle County Police Department et al, No. 7:2014cv00576 - Document 45 (W.D. Va. 2015)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Jackson L. Kiser on 9/4/2015. (slt)
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tu eRo oFFl u : 01 .- c: & A MN I !A T VX v FIED L I THEUNI S N TED TATESDITRI COURT S CT FO R TH E W E STER N D I STRI O F V I I I CT RG N A R O A N O K E D I SI N VI O s p -# 2 5 ' t 2 J j uuw aY : . DEPU o , LR C i lAc i N o.7: 4- vvi t on 1 c 00576 LA TR O N D UPR EE BR O W N , Pl nt f , ai i f M EM O R AN D UM O PI I N N O ALBEM ARLE COUNTY POLI CE D EPA R TM EN T,e aI, t . D ef endant s. By: H on.Jacks L.K i e on sr Se orUnie St e Dit c Judge ni t d at s srit La r Dupr Br ton ee own,i r er t d a pr ee n' pr K ,fld a c nca c a e nd oc di g o ie ompli purua t ant s nt ö 7 j 4 U. C. 1 3 a an t h Ale reCo nyPo ieDe a t n a dl c l l eo fc r 2 S. j 98 g is t e b mal u t lc p rme t n o a poi fies c a s it d wih t J fer o Ar Dr Enf c m e Tas Fo c Pl ntf a lge t tt polce' s oca e t he e f s n ea ug or e nt k r e. ai if le s ha he i of i er 'us of e es i f c ,de a ofm e c la s s a ,a unl w f s a c ofhi m ot r s fc s e xc s ve or e ni l di a s i t nce nd a ul e r h s he ' homevi a e hi f r lrght .De e nt fl d motonst dimi s a Pl ntf r s nde olt d s ede a i s f nda s ie i o s s , nd ai if e po d, m a ngt m a trrpef diposton.Afe r vi wi Pl ntf ss ki he te i or s ii tr e e ng ai if ubmi so ,Igr nti pa t s i ns a n r and de i pa tt m o i t dim is ny n r he tons o s s . 1. Pl ntf a l ge t f l i f t i t c npl i tashi fr tt o c a l ai i f le s he olow ng ac s n he or a n s i s w l ins: On g c mb r1 2 31. . wa p le o to tev h celwa isd a tr De e e 9, 01 , . 1 s uld u f h e il s n ie fe Sgt. J on buse t di rssde wi l) ohns td he rve ' i ndow outwih hi ha t s ndgun. lwas p le t te g o n t e ha d u f d . Ofi e J S iz , M ak J n s, S t u ld o h r u d h n n c fe gl tc r . et l r o e l g . l ) Brkeg) Ofie W onnlygja Tavi Cofi a1 plce t eirlhands a a , fc r e , nd s fn 1 a hl ql nd k e so tp o my b c a Ily d gilfc d wnp i notr a t Ofie s ne no f a k s a e sc a e o osng h e t o fc r o r ssa c g DelJ h o sa td t sig my wrs u tli b o l ( e r e itn e . l o ns n tre witn l it n i t r ke. Hj j t nplc dhi kne ontp ofmyheg df cngmyfc t t c rt he a e s e o al ori a e o he oncee. Brown v. Albemarle County Police Department et al Doc. 45 On ( c r 1 201 ,Ta sCofi or rd OfierMccalt t ze me De cmbe 9, 31 vi fn dee fc l o all t tme i t ba k whieIl df edownha ufe wihoutrssa n wo i s n he c l aye ac ndc fd t e itncelj posng no t e t,a movi i pai fom my wrs beng br n. An i hra g nd) ng n n r it i oke a a eari . DelJ hns J Seiz,Sgt. BrkellOfi rM c l, mbulnc rvedl) l o on, on t gj a n fce cal M ak J ne ,W or e gndlTa sCofi de e memedialteame . r o s mly, a vi fn nid c r t nt ( Compl3. .) Dockets.Justia.com Forhi t r cai ,Pl i ifa lgest tdef nda sJ s hid l m antf le ha e nt ohns Fr z e ,Hate ,a M c y on, a i r t r nd Ka e er d hi mot rshomewihoutas a c wa r ta whieno onewaspr e . Forhi f t nt e s he ' t e r h ran nd l es nt s ourh cl m , ai ifal ge t De e nt a e wihhol ngpos i ee pa or evi ncer c de ai Pl ntf le s hat f nda s r t di sbl xcul t y de e or d fom apolc c ie ' da h ea a.Stt co tr cor r l c t tPli ifpl a d no c t tt r ie nls r s s mer a e ur e ds efe t ha antf e de on es o muli ena co i a fr a m c r sr lt d t t e nt des rbe i t co pl nta wilbe tpl r tcs nd ie r ha ge e ae o he ve s c i d n he m ai nd l s e e i Nove be 201 .l entnc d n m r 5 l1. lm us g a ta de e nt s m oton t di m i si 1de e m i t tt c pl i f l t s a e t rn f nda ' i o s s f t r ne ha he om a nt ais o t t a cl i on w hi h r le m a be gr nt d.Res vi t sques i unde t f m ii rs a r f a am c ei f y a e ol ng hi ton r he a la t nda d or mo int dimisu e Fe ea Rueo Cii P o e l el ( )6 r q ie met a c p P an ifs to o s s nd r d r l l f vl r c dz 2 b ( ) e ur s o c e t litf r t r e om a nt ds t hor nd a n t t m nt he f d ua a l ga i a tue. Furhe mor , a c pl i nee ( s ta pl i s a e e oft a l le tons s r 2 a cam s o n t t h p e d ri e t ldt rle, a ds fce tlta t a alg to s. .o li h wig ha t e la e s ni e o eif' n ufiin S l cu l l ain . t t ' g e r s arghtt r i abovet s c ai l l.... BelAt. aie i o elef he pe ul tve eve ' l l Cop . Twombl 550 U. 544, ' v. y, S. 5 5(0 7 (nen l u tto mak o te ) Plitf mus i le ef css fiin t saea1 5 2 0 ) itr a q o ain r s mitd . an if t' lg a t u fce t o tt 1 a t ee nt ofghe cai ' Ba sv. 1 DupontdeNe s& Co.32 F.d761, ( h Ci. he lme s t j l m. s E.. ' mour , 4 3 765 4t r 2003) . 'Se I.ReKarnaCa Br c sCons Lig, 3 F. u p. d6l , 313 & > .4-5( D. . 0 8 e n. ti nal ea he ol t .5 3 S p 2 5 6 -3 . i 1 1 E. La 2 0 ) (olcigc ssidc t gta fd rl o rsma tk jdiil oieo g v r me tl b ie:ncu igc u t c le t ae n iai h t e ea c u t y a e u ca n tc f o en na we sts i ldn o r n n rc rs; limsv Lo g 5 5F. u p 2 6 9, 8 - 8& n. ( Md 2 0 )(olcigc ssidiai ta e od l Wil a . n , 8 S p . d 7 668 4 D. . 0 8 c l tn ae n c t h t e ng potn so g v rme t b i saeih rnl a te tco s l-uh n iaig . sig n o en n we st r n ee t uh ni r efa te tc t ) e y n . 2Detr ni whet racompl ntsa e aplusbl cl m f r i i û co ex -pe fct k t tr quies emi ng he ai tt s a i e ai or elef s t nt ts cii as ha e r a terve n c u tod a o is u iil x ein ea dc mmo snsa As cofv.n l5 6U.. 6 6 87 h e iwig o r t rw n tj dca e p re c n o n e e' h r t Iba, 5 S 6 2, 7 -9 ' ( 0 9 .Al o g Il eal c n tu po. c mpans Han sv Ken r 4 4U. 51 , 2 - 1(9 2 , d n tat 2 0 ) t u h i rl o sre r K o lit, ie . r e, 0 S. 9 5 02 1 7 )l o o c h b y asan i a e' advoc t s s e de opi sa ut y a c tt i cl m snotc ea l r s d i a c pl i . nm t s a e, ua pont vel ng t t or nd onsi onal ai m l ry aie n om a nt S eBr c v Car l 1 7F.d2 , 4 (t Ci. 9 7 ( ti, .c n urn l Be u et Ci o Ha tn 7 5 e o k . rol 0 3 41 2 3 4h r 1 9 ) Lu t J, o c rig ; a d tv. t f mpo , 7 , g v F.d 1 7 ,1 7 (t Ci.1 8 ) seas God nv Le k , 7 F.d1 4 l 5 (t Ci. 9 8 (e o nzn ta a 2 2 4 2 8 4h r 9 5 ; e lo ro . e e 5 4 2 1 7, 1 1 4h r l 7 ) rc g iig h t dititc ti note c e t a s et r eofadvoc t f apr K panig. src our s xpe t d o s um he ol ae or o litf . 2 1 11. A. Cli sa i tde e am gans f ndan Al m a l Co t Polc De rme a e dim is d be us t t be re un y i e pa t nt r s s e ca e he Al ma l Count PolceDe rm e i no a e iy c pa eofbei s d.Se e. ,W es v. be re y i pa t nt s t n ntt a bl ng ue e, g. t At ns 48 U. 42, ( 988) He r v. on,549F.Supp. 95 n. ( . Va.1 . ki , 7 S. 48 1 ; an Huds 949, 2 1 W D. 982) Ac or ngl Al m a l Count Polc De rmenti t r naedasa de e nt c di y, be re y ie pa t s e mi t f nda . B. A cai t talw e or e e ofi e us d exc svef r i t c e ofan a r t l m ha a nf c m nt fc r e es i o ce n he ont xt res, lk b e kn Plitf swrs,sa ay e u d rt et b e tv l l e s n be' tn ado te ie ra ig anif it i n lz d n e h s j ciey mra o a l'sa d r f h o Fo rhAme d n .Gr h m v. n o , 9 U.. 8 , 9 ( 9 9 .C g u eo j cie ut n me t a a Co n r 4 0 S 3 6 3 4 1 8 ) S a g b e tv TO r as e onabl ne s a c te m i s onl t a tons a i s and m ea ur t m a i tw ha a e s , our xa ne y he c i t s ue s es he ga ns t r s ea onabl polceofi rwo d do unde t cr um sa es' e i fce ul r he ic t nc . 'Rowl v.Pe r 41F. 1 1 and r y, 3d 67, 72 ( h Ci.1 .Pli ifsaleg tonsdonotde ci a ras bl nee fom t pes ci 4t r 994) antf l ai s rbe ny e ona e d, r he rpe tve ofar a ona eofi ra t s ene f J ms t br a Pl i ifswrs whiePl i ifwas e s bl fce t he c , or ol on o e k antf it l antf complctdurng hi a r s .Ac or ngl t scl m s l pr e a i tde e ntJ ms ii i s r e t c di y, hi ai ha l oc ed ga ns f nda ol on. Pl i iff t r a l gest tdef nda sJ a ntf urhe le ha e nt ohns n,Se t J ,Br ke,W or l y,a Cof i o iz, ones a m e nd fn plce t rha a kne son Pli ifsba k a he d t e f ct t hi ha a d hei nds nd e antf c nd a o fe ua e s ndcufi a t fng nd o s cur hi ares . Thi sm pl a l ga i ofr i ç or ' i i uf i i ntt sa e a e es i e e s r t s i e le ton outne ' ce ' s ns f c e o t t n xc s ve f f r ecli unde t Foulh Ame o c am r he ' t ndme . See e. ,Coope v.Ciy ofVa.Be hp ,81 F. nt , g. r t ac Va. 7 S p 1 0 1 1 ( D. .1 9 )(s -a d u tn gn ar se d e n tc n tt t u r ao a l u p. 31 , 3 5 E. Va 9 3 illn c fi g a ) re te o s o o siue n e s n be gl f c ') Acc di y,Defnda s motont dimist spa tc a cli i grntd. or e. . or ngl ' e nt' i o s s hi riulr am s a e A cl i t ta l w e or m e of i rde i r t l us e es i f c afe an a r s i a m ha a nf ce nt fce lbe a e y ed xc sve or e t r re t s c ee,lket Ta e alege yus di t sc e,i a lze unde t tobeci l omplt i he s r l dl e n hi as s nay d r he s j tvey t r as bl ' s a r oft Foure t Am e m e ona e ' t nda d he t en h ndm e . K i l v.Hendrc on, o.1 6368, nt ncsey i ks N 43 U. , 01 U. LEXI 4 3 *1 -2, 5W L 2 3 47 * ( S. u 2 , 01 ) s e S. 2 5 S. S 07 , 1 1 201 47 4 , 5 U. J ne 2 2 5 ; e s eg, lyv Do tn 1 5F.d 1 5 ( t Ci.1 9 )(nb n ) a r g tdi ir lv n n r b ..Ri . ro , 1 3 1 9 4h r 9 7 e a c , b o ae q ree a t a t y e W iknsv. d y 5 9U. 3 ( 0 .Alh u hs b e tt v ro si tpr tto , o rsh v li Ga d , 5 S. 4 201 ) t o g u j c o ai u ne eains c u t a e c l d t a a r seeOrpr tildeai em aynotbeû s d'wihouts fc e c e onc ude hat n re t era t ne t punihe ' t ufii nt aus . Se e. , iey,11 F. a 11 65. A pl i i fc n pr va lu rt Fo t e h Am e en e, g. R l 5 3d t 62a ntf a e i nde he ur e nt ndm t C yp o i ig. . be tv e d n eta tec aln e g v r me tla to i n t ain l û r v dn . o j cie vie c h t h h le g d o e n n a cin s o rto al b y rlt t algii t g r me a o j ci ort ti i e esi i rl i t t tpur e. eaed o e tmae ove n ntl b e tve ha t s xc sve n eaton o ha pos ' ' K i l v, 5 U . LEXI 4073 a *1 2015 W L 2473447 a *6. Co eque l f c o sa co t ngs e 201 S. S t 4; t ns nty, a t r ur ma c n ie t d tr newheh rfr ewa o j ci eyu r a o a l icu e(h r lto hp y o sd r o ee mi t e o c s be tv l n e s n be n l d i e eains i t be wee t ne d f t us off cea t a ountoff ceus d;t e e oft pl n ifs t n he e or he e or nd he m or e he xt nt he aitf ' ij r ; n ef r ma eb t eo fc rt tmpe o t lmi t a u to fr e t es v rt o te n u y a y fo t d y h fie o e r r o i t he mo n f o c ;h e eiy f h s c iy pr em a i s , he t ea r s bl per e ve by t of i er a w he he t pl i if e urt obl t s ue' hr t ea ona y c i d t he fc ; nd t r he a ntf wa a tvel r s si ' l ,201 U. LEXI 4073 a #1 1 201 W L 2473 a * I t s s c i y e itng. d. 5 S. ' S t 2- 3; 5 447 t 6. n hi c e Pli ifalege hewa lyi on t g o a ha ufe whe hewast edwihout as , antf l s s a ng he r und nd ndc f d n as t ca e.Ac or ngl Pl ntf s fce l sa est the s f r unduepunihmen by beng us c di y, ai if ufi inty tt ha ufe ed s t i t s d,a t sc am s lpr e agans def ndan sCofi a M c l a e nd hi l i hal oce d i t e t fn nd cal. A cli t tagove nme ofi a f l t pr demedia team e t a a r t i am ha r nt fcil aied o ovi c l r t nt o n resee s alo a l ze unde t Foure nt Am e s na y d r he te h ndme .The rghtofa a r t c pli ng of nt i n resee om a ni i deq t m e ca c r unde t Foure nt Am e na uae di l a e r he te h ndmen i ça l s asgr tast Ei ht t s dt ea t ea he g h A m e e pr ec i a ia e t a c c e pr s r ' Ciy ofRe r v.M as a hus ts Ge ndm nt ot tons va l bl o onvi t d i one . t ' ve e s c e t n. Ho p, 6 U. 23 2 4( 9 3 .Co e u nl ap o# c mp an mu t l g s fkin fcst s .4 3 S. 9, 4 1 8 ) nsq e ty, r - o lit s al e u t e t a t o q e des rbedelbe ae i fer ncet t a r t ss rousmedia ne ds Se ec. Eselev. ci i r t ndif e o he resee' e i c l e . e. . , t l Ga e,429U. 97,1 ( 976) s as Youngv.Civ ofM t Ra e ,238F. 5 575( h mbl S. 06 1 ; ee lo t . nir 3d 67, 4t 4 Ci.2001 (ndori t us ofa Ei hAme r ) e sng he e n ght ndme dei rt i fee sa dt nt lbeae ndifrnce tndar o a j dc t aFo re nhAme d nt dc l li fo ap era d tie ) du iae u te t n me me ia cam rm rtil ean e. Li r ly c tui t co pl nti a lg m os f vor bl t Pl i i f Pl i ifa l ge be a l ons r ng he m ai n i ht t a a e o a ntf , a ntf le s s fcen f ct t sa es h a cai agans def nt J ufi i t a s o tt uc lm i t enda s ohns Set Br ke, ccal, ones on, iz, a M lJ , W or l y, nd Cof i Pl n i fhas a l ge t ta1 t de e nt wer pr e w he Pl i if m e a fn. ai t f le d ha l he f nda s e es nt n a ntf wa wrt ng i pan on t gr s ihi n i he ound unde e t o i fontofal t de enda sa trJ on m ah r n r 1 he f nt fe ohns b o eh swrs, ihi a o j cieys ro sij r a do tnsby c usd P an ift cyo ti r k i itwh c s n b e tv l e iu n u y n se il a e litf o r u n pa n.3 Thes def nda sf ie t ens et tPli ifr ceved a medi lca et te thi i e e nt al d o ur ha antf e i ny ca r o r a s obvi pai orbr n wrs,et rfom t pa a e c o die ty fom de e nt t m s ve . ous n oke it ihe r he r m di s r r c l r f nda s he el s Se e. ,Far rv.Brnna 511U. 825,834( 994) I v.Shrve,535F.d225, ( h e- g. me e n, S. 1 ;ko e 3 241 4t Ci.2008) M ite v. n,896F. 8 85 ( hCi.1990 .Vi ngt i ee si r . , lir Beor 2d 48, 4 4t r ) ewi he nfrnce n Pl ntf sf vo ,i i quieplusbl t tDe e nt we ee ai if a r t s t a i e ha f nda s r xpos d t a dir a de Pli tf s e o nd seg r d a n if pa n,whi h w a eihe known t t m orwoul be a r ntt a r as bl pe s i t i i c s t r o he d ppa e o e ona e r on n he r pos tons Se M iter 896 F. a 851 52. Cons que l Pl i i fs f c en l pr e s a ii . e li , 2d t e nty, a ntf uf i i ty es nt m e c ldelber t i f e e c a m a ns de e n s J di a i a e ndi f r nce l i gai t f nda t ohns Seiz, ake M cca l J on, t Br , l, ones , W or ly,a Cofi a t c am s l pr e m e nd fn, nd he l i hal oce d. C. l cai t eea f ur Pl i ifc n l ms hr nd o , antf ompli a uta unl wf s a c ofhi mot r s ans bo n a ul e r h s he ' hom e a De e nt 'ort Com m onw e lh' f iur t r i s alege e ul t r e de e nd f nda s he a t s a l e o elnqui h l d xc pa o y vi nc b f r til Pzs a t oHe kv. mph e , 2U. 4 7, 6 8 ( 9 4 , n Yo ng rv. ri, e o e ra. l u n t c Ht r y 51 S. 7 48 - 8 1 9 ) a d u e Hars r 4 U.. 7( 9 ) Id ci et e riej rs ito o e camstr ea df u .Plitf ha n t 01 S 3 1 71, e ln o xecs u idcin v r li h e n o r anif s o 3W hiet pai t Tasri lced i c ranl r e ntt t cl m ofexc svef r e, Pl ntf hasno l he n he e nfit s e ti y elva o he ai es i o c ai if t alege s tci tf cst i caet tus oft Tas rr uledi am edi lcomplcain orot r s m a f td a l d ufi en a t o ndi t ha e he e es t n ca i to he wie niese s as i m edi lnee durng ora trisus erous ca d i fe t e. 5 s hown f vor et r na i oft sat c i i lpr e ngs he c n purue t s cli si sae a abl e mi ton he t e rm na oce di , a s he e am n t t c t,a 1tnd no e r di r cr um sa e t wa r nti e f rng wih t sae s e i ours nd i xtaor na y ic t nc o ra nt re i t he t t entnc ng he r ng. See, g. M a tn M a i ta Cor v.M d.Com m ' o Hum a Re a i as 38 F. 1 ai e. , r i ret p. n n n l to , 3d 392, 1 9 ( t Ci.1 9 ) Ac o d n l, li t rea df u aeds s e wi o t rj d c . 3 6 4h r 9 4 . c r i gy cams h e n o r r imis d t u p eu ie h I . V Fo tefr g igr a o , li tr ea df t aeds se wi u p eu ie a d r h o e on e s ns cams h e n ol r imisd t t rj dc , n r ho De e nt motonst dim isa e de ed i pa ta gr nt d i par.De e ntAl m a l f nda s' i o s s r ni n r nd a e n t f nda be re Count Polc D e rm e ' m o i t di m i s i g a ed,a i i t nni t d a a def nda . y i e pa t nt s ton o s s s r nt nd t s e na e s e nt Ther mai ngm oto t dimisa eg a edast t de a ofmedialas it nc f a e ni i ns o s s r r nt o he nil c ssa e or ny medi lte t e r lt d t t us oft Ta e a f t us off c by J on, iz J s ca r am nt ea e o he e he s r nd or he e or e ohns Set , one , Br ke W or ly,a Cofi by usngt i ha andkne on Pli tf ba a he The a , m e nd fn i her nds es a n ifs ck nd ad. r m a ni m otonst di m i sa e de e a t t a l ged e es i f r e by J e i ng i o s s r ni d s o he le xc s ve o c ohns n f rbr a ng o o e ki Pl ntf swrs, healege e s i f c by Cofi a M ccalf usngt Tas r a t ai if it t l d xce sve or e fn nd l or i he e , nd he ale d delbe a e i f er nc by J hns Se t Br ke,M cca l J ne ,W or l y,a Cof i t l ge i r t ndif e e o on, iz, a l, o s m e nd fn o t nee f me c lteam e ofPl i ifspai a b oke wrs.Ther mai ng de e nt he d or di a r t nt antf n nd r n it e ni f nda s s al ieamoin frs mmayj d me ts p o tdb a fd vt. h l fl to o u r u g n u p re y fi a is EN TER : Thi -' da of Se e be , 5. - y pt m r 201 : l p S ni U nie St t s Di t i tJ e or t d a e s rc udg '
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