Duncan v. Blackwell et al, No. 7:2014cv00527 - Document 23 (W.D. Va. 2015)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Jackson L. Kiser on 7/2/2015. (tvt)
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cL ' o- l Q, . :m M l eRK: ce : :I r A x vlk V T kK A FIED L I THE UNI STATESDI TRI COURT N TED S CT FO R TH E W E STER N D I STR I O F VI G I I CT R N A R O A N O K E D I SI N VI O J .2 2 5 UL 2 . , 2 LA Ul BY: DEP GL RK E . clE - C i lA c i N o.7: 4- vvi t on 1 : 00527 JO N A TH O N R O BE RT D UN C AN , Pl ntff ai i , M EM ORA NDUM QPI O N NI By: A R TH U R B LA C K W ELL ,e aI, t . De e f ndant . s H on.Jackson L .K i ser Se orUnie St e Dit c Judge ni t d at s srit J ha Ro t onat n ber Dunc n,aVigi ai aepr e ng pr K ,fl d ave ii Compl nt a r ni nm t oc edi o ie rted ai . purua t 42U. C.j 1 na ngArhurBl kwela Domi Ar doft Aug t Couny s nt o S. 983, mi t ac l nd r e nol he usa t She ifsOfi easd e rf tc ef ndan s Pli ifale t tDe e nt us d e s i f c i vi aton t . antf lges ha f nda s e xce sve or e n ol i of h Fo re nhAme d n .Dee d n sfld amo inf rs mma yj d me t t whc t e u te t n me t fn a t ie to o u r u g n ,o ih Pl i ifr ponded, a ngt m a trrpef diposto i A f e r vi wi t r c d, Ide antf es m ki he te i or s ii n. t r e e ng he e or ny Dee d n s moin frs mmayj dg n d t d s u e o maeil a t. fn a t' to o u r u me t ue o ip ts f tra f cs 1 . $k. Pl n ifale st f l ng f c si t ve ii d Com pli t2 On M ar h 2, 201 , Pli if aitf l ge he olowi a t n he rfe an . c 3 antf w e t t A ugus a Co y She if sO f i e w ih hi s s e t t n hi s l i on a o s a ng nt o he t unt rf fc t s i t r o ur m e f n n ut t ndi pr ton vi ai wa r nt W hiePl n ifwat d i t ca ,hi sse we i o t Sherf s oba i ol ton r a . l aitf ie n he r s it r nt nt he if Ofi e a r t ne wih Def nda s De e nt as d Pl i ift se o oft c r a fc nd eur d t e nt . f nda s ke antf o tp ut he a , nd Pl n ifpea ea y comple Alhoug Pl i ifwa no f maly are td o pl c i o aitf c bl id. t h antf s t or l r se r a ed nt ha ndcufs Pl i ifa De e nt waked i o a s ur halwa i i t Sherf sOfi whe e f , antf nd f nda s l nt ec e l y nsde he if tce, r Duncan v. Blackwell et al Doc. 23 t publci notpe mit a t r t booki ar a. he i s r ted, nd owa d he ng e lPlitf i g a edper ison nuncpr t nct r s an if s r nt m si o u o e pond t Defnda t 'r pl i s o e n s e y n uppor oft i m oi f t her ton or s mmayj gme tpus a t oW . Va Ci R.1 ()l, n Dee d ns u sg e t fia i 'fo S eifFih r u r ud n, ru n t D. . v. lc( )a d fn a t' n in d ç fd vt 'r m h rf se a s a Ofie Buron a esrcke fom c i r ton. nd fc r t r ti n r onsde ai 2A v rfe c mplitçstee uvae to a o p igafd vtfrs mmayj g nt upoe , e te eiid o an ç h q i ln f n p osn fia i o u r ud me p r ss wh n h i alg to c nanc teenaeb s do p ro a k o e g . W iimsv Grfi 9 2F. 8 0 8 3(t Ci. l ains o ti d h ri r ae n esn l n wld e' la . if 5 2d 2 , 2 4h r e ' l n, 1 91 . 9 ) Dockets.Justia.com Ast y waked down t s cur ha l y,Ar d r tane Pl ntf,a Bl c l he l he e e lwa nol esr i d ai if nd a kwel punc d Pli ifi t f c Def nda ski ke punc d,a t z Pl i ifacou eoftmes he a ntf n he a e. e nt c d, he nd a ed antf pl i b f r s c rn hi h n si h n u f be idh sb c .Blc wel h nijce a u k o e o e e u i g s a d n a dc fs hn i a k a k lt e ne td n n n wn s tncei o Pli if pule down Pl ntf ' unde e r and t t k t Ta e 'i o Pl i ifs ubsa nt antf , ld ai ifs nv a , s uc he z r' nt antf ' s p nsb f r d iiu l p lg jt p o g o tg t jb o d. . v r wh r . Blc welh n e i eo e ç co sy u li he r n s u wi l o . e ey ee' a k lte v ng h ' c o e Plitf wihh sb o ,a b dt eTa e p o si Plitf srb , n tidt p po t h k d anif t i o tjb e h z r r ng n an if i s a d re o o u Pl i if s e A r d convi d Bl kw e lt s op,a D e enda sputPl i ifi l g ions a a ntf ye. nol nce ac l o t nd f nt a ntf n e r nd c nie hi t apar ng l t whe ea t rde y punc hi i t f e. a d m o ki o , r no he put hed m n he ac B. Def nda sa guet tPl ntf' ve son ofe nt i i c ur t a a l et f l ng e nt r ha ai ifs r i ve s s na c ae nd leg he olowi f c s W he Pl ntf c m e i o t f c lt he a ar d t be unde t i l nc ofna c i or a t. n ai i f a nt he a iiy, ppe e o r he nfue e r otcs s eot s t nc AsPli ifa Def nda se e edt s u ea eaoft hal om her ubsa e. a ntf nd e nt ntr he ec r r he lway, antf Pl i if be n t go ( f' s i t tDe e ga o t , houtng ha f ndant we enotr al polcea we e goi t kilhi . of ' s r e ly i nd r ng o l m Pl n ifbr f e and ashe beg t nm t w a d t e t Bl c e lti d t r t a n hi . ai t f oke r e, an o o r he xi, a kw l r e o esr i m Pl ntf S oughtwih a1 ofhi mi ht'kiki Ar d i t c s e n afe De e nt gothi ai if t f t l s g ,' c ng nol n he he t ve tr f nda s m down on t gr he ound.Ar d' uns ce suly ti d t s nol s uc s f l re o hootPl i ifwih a Ta era us t antf t z nd e he Taz ron Pl i ifst gh.Uli ae y,Def nda swe e a et s c ePl i ifi handc f a e antf hi tm t l e nt r bl o e ur antf n ufs nd 1 g ions a dt ypa e hi i av h cefrta p r t t ej i. D e e nt de t ta e r , n he lc d m n e il o r ns o t o h al 3 f nda s ny ha nyone ij ce Plitf wihas b tn e a y n g a b d o tz dPlitf spe i, n o epu h do n e td anif t u sa c , n o e r b e r a e an if n s a y n nc e r ki ke Pl ntf,ort tBlckwel us a Ta rorsuc a Ta ri Pl i ifsrbs c d ai if ha a l ed ze t k ze n antf i . 3Dee d nsalg ta Plitf s bsq nl pe d dg l t ac ag o o snlto o j siefr fn a t l e h t an if u e ue t la e uiy o h re f bt cin f utc o e y t knowi y at mp i t i i i eby tr atorf c alw e o c ntofkerl uly e gedi hi d i , i i ngl te tng o ntm dat he or e a nfr eme t awf l nga n s utes but t s notc e t wha s cii c l ar o t pe fc onduc t tconvi to r a e Fore m pl Pl i ifa l gest tDe enda s'a l ge t ha c i n el t s. xa e, a ntf le ha f nt le d e es i f r ewasus on M a c 2, 3,bu t conduc gi ng rs t t o tucin c r occ r d S o xc sve o c ed r h 201 t he t vi ie o he bsr to hage ure t r on abou M a c 3,201 1 Furher or De e nt ha notesa ihedt tPl ntf salegai ofe s i f cea t rh 3. ' t m e, f nda s ve tbls ha ai if l tons xce sve or nd hi convitonca s ci nnotcoe s. xit 2 II. Du t d s ue of tra fcs De e d n s moin frs mmayj d me t s b e o ip ts maeil a t, fn a t' to o u r u g n mu t e d ne .S e eg.J h s nv J n s 51 U.. 0 , 3 1 ( 9 5 , r sv FrtCo . d.lc, e id e . . , o n o . o e , 5 S 3 4 31 - 8 1 9 ) Bake . is n-Me sn . . 766F.d 307,316(d Ci.201 (çAjge nediput ofmaei fctwilprcudes 3 3 r 4) f( nui s e tral a l e l ummar y j d me to q aiidi nt '.A pat i e tte t s mmayj g n i tepe dn s t e u g n n u lfe mmu i ' y.) ry s n ild o u r ud me t f h la ig ,h dic r and dicos e ma e i son fl ,a a a fda t s s ove y s l ur t ral ie nd ny f vis how t tt ei no ge nediput ha her s nui s e a t a maei fc.Fe R. v.P.56() s eW ila v.Grfi 952F. 8 8 ( h Ci. s o ny tral a t d. Ci a ; e lims itn, 2d 20, 23 4t r 1 91 (e og ii ap ry i e tt dt s mma yj d me ti t erc r a awh l c udn t e d 9 ) rc n zng a t s nil o u r u g n f h e o d s oe o l o la e arto a tiro fc t fn i fv ro t n n mo n)4 ç aeil a t'a et os f cs ain l re f a t o i d n a o f he o - va t. $ tra f cs' r h e a t M ne es a y t e t bls t e e e sofa pa t s c us ofa ton. Ande s v.Li ry Lobby, nc. c s r o s a i h he l m nt ry' a e c i r on be t l , 477U. 242, ( 98 .A ge nediput ofmaeilfcte ssi,i viwi t r c da S. 248 1 6) nui s e tra a xit f n e ng he e or nd alr a ona ei er nc d awn t r fom i a lghtm os f vor bl t t non- ovi pa t a l e s bl nf e es r he e r n i t a a e o he m ng ry, r a ona ef tfnderc d r t n a ve ditf t none s bl ac-i oul eur r c or he mova . I Them ovi pa t ha t nt d. ng ry s he bur n ofs i - û ha i , ntng o t t di ti tc t- t tt r i a a e ofe de de how ng t t s poi i ut o he sr c our ha he e s n bs nce vi nce t t s p o th n n vigp ry' c s . Ceoe Co v. tet47 U. 31 , 2 ( 9 6 .l t e o u p r t e o mo n a t s a e' ltx p. Cart, 7 S. 7 3 5 1 8 ) f h ' mova s tsi st sbur t n t nonnt ai fe hi den, he he movan mus s tf t s cii admisbl f c st t t t e orh pe fc, s i e a t ha d mo sr t t ee se c o ag n ieds u eo f c f rtil L.a 3 2 23 S mmm' j d me t e n tae h xitn e f e un ip t f a t o ra. d t 2 - . u u s yug n i i ppr pra ei t e de e i s fc e f ar a ona ef c -i rt r t r ave diti f vo s na o it f he vi nc s ufi i nt or e s bl a tfnde o e u n r c n a r o ten n- vn p ry.An es n, 7 U. a 2 8.S mma yj d me ti as n ta p o rae f h o mo ig a t d ro 4 7 S. t 4 u r u g n s lo o p r p it whe et uli ae f t co l i t bedr wn a ei diput Ove sr tv. Ce .LieI . r he tm t acual ncusons o a r n s e. r tee Ky. nt f ns Co.950F. 931 937( hCi.1 ) A co tma notr ol dipue fcs weg t , 2d , 4t r 991. ur y es ve s td a t, ih he 4Thepa tesr c ve r s bl a e ii notc t tt c tmayconve tamoi t dimist t ri e ei d ea ona e nd xplct ie ha he om' r ton o s s ha rfrn e matr o tiet epe dn sit amoinfrs eee c s tes usd h la ig no to o ummayj d me twh nteClr is e at l r u g n e h ek su d i y me Ro e oon t e S eF d R. v P.1 () Ro e oov Garsn 5 F.d3 9 3l (t Ci. 9 5. s b r oi . e e . Ci. 2d ; s b r . rio , 28 2 0 , 0 4h r 1 7 ) c 3 e de e ormakede e m i tonsofc e biiy. Rus elv. i r vi nc , t r na i r di lt s l M c odyneCop .65F. 1 , 3d 229,1 239 ( t Ci.1 9 ) So e ev. t p v 7 7F.d 1 9 1 2( t Ci.1 8 ) l ta , c u t c e t a 4h r 9 5 ; sbe M l h , 9 2 7 , 8 4h r 9 6 . nse d a o r a c p s s r tue t e de e oft non- ovi pary a r ol s a li er lconti t a i er nc i t r he vi nc he m ng t nd es ve l nt na l c s nd nf e es n he n n mo i pat sfv r Chabo n c sd Frnc v. t , 9 F.d40 , 4 (t Ci. 9 9 . o - vng ry' a o . r n a e e a e Smih 5 7 2 6 41 4 h r 1 7 ) Th F u te t Ame d n ' ç be t l u r a o a l'sa d r a pist Plitf' e o re nh n me ts t j ci y n e s n b e'tn a d p le o anifs o ve a lga i ofe s i f c be a ePli ifwasapr ti deai e a t tme oft a lged le tons xce sve or e c us antf e ral t ne t he i he le a t c 5 K i l y v. H e i ks n, o.1 6368 ta k. ngs e ndr c o N 4, U. S. ,201 U . LEX I 4073,*11 1 ,201 5 S. S -2 5 W L 2 3 4 , 5(u 2 , 01 ) s e ec, lyv Do tn 1 5F.d 1 5 (t Ci. 9 )(n 47 4 7 * J ne 2 2 5 ; e . ..Rie . ro , 1 3 1 9 4h r 1 97 e b n ) a r c tdt irlv n pat yW i i v. d v, 5 U. 3 ( 01 ) Alh u hs b e tt a c , b o ae q ree a t r b l ns Ga d 5 9 S. 4 2 0 . t o g u j c o k va i i e pr t tons c t ha c ude t ta a r s e o pr ti lde a ne m a notbe rous nt r e a i , our s ve oncl d ha n r e t e r e r a t i e y ç u ih d' to ts fiin c u e Se , ..Ri y 1 5F.da 1 6 - 5.$A1p era d ti e s n s e 'wi u u fce t a s . e eg, l , 1 3 t 1 2 6 t rtil ean e p h e g c nprvalbypr di ...obeci e denc t tt c l dgovenme ala toni not a e i ovi ng j tve vi e ha he halenge r nt ci s rto al rltdt algtmaeg vemne tlo j cieo t a ii e e sv i r lto t t t ain l eae o e ii t o r n a b e tv r h t t s xc sie n eain o ha y pur e. K i l y,201 U . LEX I 4073 a *1 201 W L 2473 pos ' ngs e ' 5 S. S t 4, 5 447 a #6. Cons quen l t e ty, fdo sac u t yc n ie t d cd wh te f rewa o j ci eyu r a o a l icu edh a r o r ma o sd r o e i e eh r o c s be tv l n e s n be n l d ç e t r a i hi be wee t ne d f t us off c a t a o off c us t e e oft eltons p t n he e or he e or e nd he m unt or e ed; he xtnt he p an ifsij r a yef r ma eb t eo fc rt tmpe o t lmi ten u to f re t e litf nu y; n fo t d y h fie o e r r o i t h mo n f o c ;h s ve iy oft s urt pr e a i s ;t t ea r s e rt he ec iy obl m t s ue he hr t ea onabl pe ce ve by t of e ;a y r i d he fc r nd w he he t pl i ifw a a tvel r s s i ' 1 ,201 U . LEX I 4073 a *1 1 201 W L t r he a ntf s c i y e i tng. d. 5 S. ' S t 2- 3, 5 2473447 at *6. 5Pl ntf hads r nde e hi el t Defnda s'cusody onanouttndi aretwaran upon e tngt ai if ure r d ms f o e nt t sa ng r s r t xii he ve cl,Pl ntf ac e ce t Defnda s c m a ,a t alge a tckocc r d i as ctr halwa oft hi e ai if quis d o e nt' om nds nd he le d ta ure n e ted l y he Sherf ' Ofk ewhe et publcwasnotalowe a Pli ifa De e nt wakedt t booki ar . Se e. , ifs t r he i l d s antf nd f nda s l o he ng ea e. a. Flrd v Bo tc , 01U. 4 9 4 7 ( 9 )( ic s i gc n u t h two l ha ec mmu iae t ar a o a l o i a . sik 5 S. 2 , 3 1 91 d s u sn o d c t a u d v o n c t d o e s n b e peront thewasnota lberyt inor t polcepr enc a go a s ha t i t o g e he i es e nd bouthi busnes asr e ntt whe as itr s i s elva o n ezte o c r)(u tn Mihia v. etmu, 6U.. 6 , 6 ( 9 8) seas Grh m v Co no, 9 U.. 8 , 9 c us q oig c z n Ch se t48 S 5 7 5 9 1 8 )*e lo a a . n r 4 0 S 3 6 3 4 , ( 9 9 ; o rv. t. fly 48 U. 5 3, 97(9 9 . e v Re h n 5 3F.d4 , 4 (t Ci. 0 ) 1 8 ) Brwe Cny o n o, 9 S. 9 5 1 8 ) Orm . p a n, 2 3 42 4 6 4h r2 08. , 4 Pl i ipsve son off t c nno ber d t c e t ar as f rDef nt t s nl antf ri acs a t ea o r a e e on o enda s o udde y r tai Pl i if a pr e t a l dl punc Pl i ifi t f ce c esr n a ntf nd oc ed o, lege y, h a ntf n he a , hoke hi s r t pop ou hi m ty o t s e t z hi ac eoftmes a puncur hi pe swih m e a ba bs Cons que l Pli if ye, a e m oupl i , nd t e s ni t t l r . e nty, antf s a e a vi a i ofa c tt i lrghtcl a l e t i he bef r t e nt . Se e. ,Riey, t t s ol ton ons iutona i e r y s abls d o e he ve s e. c. l S m ra. t A ti i nec s ar t r ol t diput ofma e i lf t ast wha a t ly oc ure l ral s e s y o es ve he s es t ra ac s o t cua l c r d. de i Def nda s i t ton t w e gh t a f da t f om D e e nt 'c o ke s a a s a e clne e nt ' nvia i o i he f i vis r f nda s ow r r nd t t ma itaej g tldi s p o t f h i moin a y g e trta Plitf sa eme t ma eo gsrt ud e ie n u p r o t er to n r ae h n an if v r n s d n pe s lknowldge. Ia s deci Def nda s i t ton t c udet tPl ntf sve son of r ona e lo lne e nt ' nviai o oncl ha ai if r i e nt i d a a l c r di td'by t r c d m e e ybe a e De e nt diag e wih ve s s f t nty onta ce ' he e or bl r l c us f nda s s r e t Pl ntf sr ole ton. H e e, ai if spr K , ii d Com pl nts f c en l a l st t ai i f ec l c i r Pl ntf o verf e ai uf i i ty lege ha Dee d n slc e a yo jcieyra o a en e t viln l atc hm, n s c a atc fn a t a k d n b e tv l e s n bl e d o oe ty ta k i a d u h n ta k c nsi tsu u p n s me t S e eg, o sv. h n n, 25F.d 5 0, 2 ( t Ci. 0 3 o t u e nd e u ih n . e , ..J ne Buc a a 3 3 2 5 9 4 h r 2 0 ) t ( o ld n t a a e c s ief recam s r ie s mma yj d me tb c u e u d rtefco s c ncu i g h t n x e sv o c li u vv d u r u g n e a s , n e h a tr s tf lhi Grha S a fc tn e c udc ncu et a (h )e ie c d mo sr tst t( e o' n a m,t l a t i d r o l o ld h t t e vd n e e n tae ha t t g he s pe t pos dnoi dit tte tt a nebeor ga e or men)e ee t pr esi us cj e mme ae lra o nyo f e lw nf ce t ntrd he oc sng r a us df c '. oom nd e ore' ) 1 11. Fo tef rg i r a o s Id n Dee d n s mo inf rs mmayj g n , n r h o e ong e s n , e y fn a t' to o u r ud me t a . d Defnda ss l fl a ans rwihi s ve days e nt ha l ie n we t n e n . EN TER : s Thi da ofJ y,201 y ul 5. 5 -. ' l ' j k u * .. (NSe or nie St t sDiti tJ ' ni t d a e src udge Y 5 z.. . . .
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