Hurd v. Clarke, No. 7:2014cv00381 - Document 11 (W.D. Va. 2014)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Jackson L. Kiser on 12/11/2014. (tvt)
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Hurd v. Clarke Doc. 11 Dockets.Justia.com Pro t t tme l di up t t tans ton,Da r n a ( ttonej ha ir o he i ea ng o he r aci me o nd Peii r d s ver l pho c e a ne onve s i . Thes c ratons e onve s tons we e r co de usng a rai r e r d i r or ng de ce pr ded by l w e or e e ofii l. Law e or e t ec di vi ovi a nf c m nt fc as nf c men ofi i l a s tted Dnme on wih a r co di de ce t r or he m e tng wih fc as lo it r t e r ng vi o ec d r e i t ( tto e) The r c r ig o te p o e c n e sto s a me t wee Peiin r. e o dn f h h n o v rain nd ei ng r a it i o evi nce a t i . dm ted nt de t ral Peii r arve a t l ai of t me tng i a ve ce wih t ohe ttonel ri d t he oc ton he ei n hil t wo t r i vi l . Li utna Da r Dut a unde c r polc ofi e ,was wih ndi dua s e e nt ryl y, n r ove ie fc r t Dnmeon,andt a oa he ( ttoner' ve cl Oneoft occ nt i t r hey ppr c d Peii ls hi e. he upa s n he c ri t c e t tonl one oft m s d c et t ve cl Dut e e ed t a nsnzt d ha y he houl om o he hi e. y nt r he ve cl, a t oc upa pe m itd Dut t e m i a bag of c a k c ai hi e nd he c nt r te y o xa ne r c oc ne. W he Dut que tone w he he t ba co a ne tve gr m s of c a k c ai , n y si d t r he g nt i d i a r c oc ne t oc upa a g ttone la s ed Dut t t ba c ane fve grmsof he c nt nd peii r sur y hat he g onti d i n c a k c i D ut e t d t ve c e on t pr t xtof g ti t m one t buy r c oca ne. y xie he hi l he e e e tng he y o t eca k c c i e AsDu y wak dt hsv hce ( eiin r y le ta t a h h rc o an . t l e o i e il, P t o eq eld h t h t e t wan e t money. A d to l ofi e s a rved a t l a i a a r se t d he dii na fc r ri t he oc ton nd re t d ( eiin r a t et o c p n si t ev hil. P tto ej nd h wo c u a t n h e ce Hur v. d Commonwe t No.0046- 2- si op. t2- ( Ct App.J y 1 201 ) s eJ s a1h, 1 3, lp a 3 Va. . ul 2, 2 ; e one v. ra , 4 F.d 1 06 1 1 (t Ci. 9 )(ttn wrte fn i so h so ia fc b t e Mu r y 9 7 2 1 , 1 0 4 h r 1 91 saig itn idng f itrc l a t y h saec t r pr lmedt becore ta e ildt defrnceunl ss wnt beer ous. tt our a e esz o rc nd ntte o ee es ho o rone ) Afe r viwi t sae c t ec d,1fnd t tt pe iin f rawrtofha sc pus tr e e ng he t t our r or i ha he tto o i bea or mus be dimis d be us t diposto oft sc am wasnotco r r t o a t e ona e t s s e ca e he s ii n hi l i nta y o, r n mr as bl a i a i of cla l e t bls d f r l1w orba e on a urr s bl deer i ton oft pplc ton , e ry sa ihe ede a a sd n lea ona e t m na i he fcs2 2 U . . . 2 5 ( ; e l r W i s i , 9 U. 3 , 6 ( 9 0 (e o nii gt eDue a t. 8 SC j 2 4 * se n e n h p 3 7 S. 58 3 4 1 7 ) rc g zn h 2A fd r l o r rve n ah b a p tto f rs mes te(ttlc u t fcua t dn st b su d e ea c u te iwig a e s eiin ç eu llh sae o r' a t li ig o e o n p s n u ls (eiin r rb t ih pe u to o c remesb cera c n n ige ie e' Mie- v. ek , nes p t o e) e us te rs mpin f orc s y la nd o vicn vd nc .' l rEl Drte t ' l 5 5U.. 31 2 0( 0 5 (u t 2 U.. j2 4 e().S e ec.Le zv. ahi tn 4 4F.d2 , 0 4 S 2 , 4 2 0 ) q oi 8 SC. 25 ()1) e . . , n W s ngo , 4 3 95 3 0 01 ng (t Ci. 0 6 .Sllve u d rj2 5 ()l i l tdt terc r ta wa b fr tesaec u th t 4h r2 0 ) ûke iw n e 2 4d () s i e o h e od h t s eoe h tt o rta l mi aj dctdtecam o temei . Cul nv. n oltr 5 3U. ,1 lS. .1 8 ,1 9 ( 01 ) du iae h li n h rt ' l Pih se, 6 S. s' e 3 Ct 3 8 3 8 2 1. Thee l to ofwhehe asa ec tde soni kc r y t ' ta u e ona ea ia i of'fder vauain t r tt our cii s dontar o'or çn nr as bl pplc ton e al lw i b s do a i e e d n r v e o e c sa d r .W i imsv Ta o , 2 U. 3 2, 2- 3( 0 0 .A sa e a s a e n n nd p n e t e iw f a h t n a d l a . vlr 5 9 S. 6 41 1 2 0 ) tt l c u t eemiai i ç o tayt'fd rllw iiç rie a ac n l ino po i t ta r ah db (h Uni d o r d tr n t sç nrl o' e ea a ftt rv s t o cuso p st o h t e c e y te t on c a e e Sae Su rme Cout naq e t no lw o itesaec u t cd sac s dfee t ta (h UntdSae tts pe l r o u si fa r f h tt o rdeie a e ifrnl h n te ie tts o y S p e )Co r h so ast maeil idsig ih befcs' 1 a 41 u rme u t a n e of tral n itn us a l at. d. t 3. y ' 2 Pr es Cl e oft Four e nt A m e e pr ec s a s a e c tde e oc s aus he te h ndm nt ot t t t our f ndan f om co c i tr nvi ton d xce upon pr be t pt e oof yond ar as bl doubtofe r f ctnec s a yt c tt e t c i e ona e ve y a e s r o onsiut he rme wihwhihhei c r '.Peii doe note tbls t tt Cour ofAppeasofVigi a t c s haged' ttoner s sa ih ha he ) t l r ni ba e isdec son on an unr as bl de e mi ton oft f t,a t e de e whe vi sd t ii e ona e t r nai he ac s nd he vi nc , n ewed i t lghtm os f vor bl t t Comm onwe 1h,esa ihe t ta r tona tiroff c coul n he i t a a e o he at tbls s ha ny a i l re at d ha f ve ound beyond ar as e onabl d e oubtt tPe ii rc pied t diti ecoc i . ha ttone ons r o srbut ane û t pia i de i a t n a ee ntbewe n t ormor peronsby s m ec cons r cy s fned s a gr me t e wo e s o once t red a ton t commi a ofens ''Fe g e v. ci o t n f e.' i l y Comm onweat 1 Va. 1h, 6 App. 7, 71 722,432 S. 2d E. 5 0 5 4 ( 9 3 ( u t W rg t Co n at , 2 Va 5 2 5 5 2 7S. 2 71 , 3 2 , 2 1 9 ) q oi ng ih v. mmo we lh 2 4 . 0 , 0 , 9 E.d 1 7 3 ( 982).Pr ofa e ii a e me i no rquie a t Commonweat ma rl o 1 ) oof n xplct gre nt s t e rd, nd he 1h y ey n cr um sa ilt de et e t bls t co pia y.Stve v.Comm o a1h,1 Va. ic t nta vi nc o sa ih he ns r c e ns nwe t 4 App. 238,241 41 S. 2d881 883( 992) , 5 E. , 1 . Dnme on t sii d t Pe ii ne ha ag ee t s l Da r sfi $500 worh of r e tte hat tto r d r d o e l me on' rend t c i a Peii rwasi t ve c edrve t t m e tng t tc aned $500worh of ocane, nd ttone n he hil i n o he e i ha ont i t c i Tr 47- 63,80,8 oca ne. . 48, 4.The c i w a pos es e by a t roc upa i t c w ho oca ne s s s d no he c nt n he ar r t t buy l ai wih Pe ii rwhie Pe ii re tr ge t unde co ofi e t ode o he oc ton t ttone l ttone nco la d he r ver fc r o buy t c ai 1 49,60. Pe ii ras ur d t ofi e t tt c a ne w e ghtw asa u a e, he oc ne. d. ttone s e he tc r ha he oc i i cc r t a Peiine de nde pay ntwhe t ofi rwakeda ywiht c ai L.48 5 65nd tto r ma d me n he fce l wa t he oc ne. d - 0, o A fdealco tma as is t wrtunde t iu e ona ea iaton'clus i t f r lcou tfnds e r ur y lo s ue he i r he tnr as bl pplc i ' a e f he ede a r i t th saec u tç e tte tec re t o ennglg l rn il fo gh S p e ) u t d cso sb t ha te tt o r (d ni s h or c g v r i e a picpe r m te u rme Co r' e iin u i i s u ea ona y a ist tprnci et t f t oft prs r' c e. l Thi r s blnes sa r i an nr s bl pple ha i pl o he acs he ione s as ' d. s ea ona e s tnda d s ' o jcieo e l a 41 .A Vigni c u tsf ig cl b d e du rao a emeeybe a s id e n t betv n . d. t 0 r i a o r' i n s amot e eme n es n bl rl c u e t o s o nd c t e t bls d U nied St t Supr m e Cou tpr o nton a i s i t r ul r ac i notc r r t t t ie s a i he t a es e r e ede n s ue f he es t e hed s onta y o ha etbl h dpe e e t Mic el . oaz , 40U. 1 ,1 (0 3 .F rh r r,t )saec ut ata sa i e rc d n. th lv Es ra 5 S. 2 6 2 0 ) u temoe ia tt-o r fcu l s l dee na i i notunr a onabl me el be us t fder ha sc twoul hav r ac d adifr nt tnni ton s es e r y ca e he e al bea our d e e he fe e c n lso i tef s isa c . W o dv Ale , 5 U.. 9 , ,l 0S. . 41 8 (01 ) o cu in n h i tn tn e' o . ln 5 8 S 2 0 r ' 3 Ct 8 , 49 2 0 . 3 66.Cons quen l t e de e wass fce t s w Pe ii rsa e m e t diti e e ty,he vi nc ufi int o ho ttone ' gr e nt o srbut c i .3 oca ne Ac di y, g an Res cor ngl l r t ponde ' m o i t dim isa dim ist peii f awrtof nts ton o s s nd s s he tton or i habe c pus Bas d uponm y fndi t tPe ii rha notm a t r uiie s t nta as or . e i ng ha ttone s de he eq st ubsa i l s o n o ad nilo ac nsi to a rg ta rq rdb 2 U. C. 2 3c , c ri c t o h wig f e a f o t u in l ih s e uie y 8 S. j 25 () a e ti ae f t t a a a lt i denid. ppe l biiy s e E T R:hs u. a o Dee e,04 N E T il -dy f cmbr2 1. % i Unied St t D it i J or t a es s rct udge 3Alhoug Pe ii r a t ksDa e on' c e biiy and ac us he ofbei a pr e sona i onna twih a t h ttone tac m r s r di lt c es r ng of s i l nf n t c i i hit y,lam notpem itdt r dee net c e biiyoft wine s swhot tfeda til M a s l v. rm nal sor r te o e- tnni he r di lt he t s e esii t ra. r hal Lo b r e, 9U. 4 , 4( 9 3) No tees Da rnh dak o e g d ighe tsi n ta s ha n ea r45 S. 22 43 1 8 . neh ls, meo a c n wld e urn r etmo y h t he d wor a apolc i or ked s ie nf mantandm a contole pur ha esofdl gso num e ous proroc so .Tr 68 77. de r ld c s - n u r , i ca ins . , 4
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