Makdessi v. Clarke, et al, No. 7:2014cv00225 - Document 10 (W.D. Va. 2014)

Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 05/20/2014. (kab)

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r F*K% OFFI U' DI rnlr d CE S. SX - l AT RCANN E, VA FI LED MA Y I TH E U N I N TED STATE S D I STR I C O U R T CT FO R TH E W E STER N D I STR I O F W R G I I CT N A R O A NO K E D I I O N V SI A D I EDD I M M EZ M AK DE SSI B E , 21 24 J AC ULI BY; ' , CLERK , ' DE CLERK CA SE N O .7: 14CV 00225 Pl ntf ai it M EM O M N DU M O PI I N N O H A R O LD CLA RK E, By: G l n E.Conr e ad C hi fU ni e St e D i t i tJudge e t d at s s r c Dee f ndant . Pli if Adi Eddi Ra e M a s s e m one a y dn age a i e l ut r antf b e m z kdes i e ks tr m s nd ntroc o y ijmci r l fi t i p io e cv lrg t a to u d r4 U. C.j 1 8 . He camst a nl t ei n h s rs n r ii ih s cin n e 2 S. ve e 93 li h t uns ii d ofk i s a e r tsng t pr ec hi fom alege a t ofi i dai a e ori n pecfe t al r efzi o ot t m r l d c s ntmi ton nd xt to by prs n g io ang m e r i t pr ec i c t uni a Ri r Norh Cor e tona Ce t r mbe s n he ot tve usody t t ve t r ci l n e C: RNCC' .M a d s ise ac u t r e drci o fcast ta f rhm. Up n rv e o te ' ) k e s e ks o r o d r ie tng fiil o rnse i o e iw f h rc r t ec u t ne t er q se itro u o yij nci rle a dd s s e tee tr cv l e od,h o r de is h e uetd ne lc tr nu t eif n imis s h nie ii ve a to wi o tp eudc . cin t u rj ie h 1 Ba . ckgr und o M akdes ial st tRNCC ofk i l ha e our d ga l de s p i t pr e tve s lege ha t as ve nc age ng ea r hi n he ot c i c t uni (TCU' wih dei rt i feenc t knownrs ofhn m i pr e st pl nif usody t Ã» ' t lbeae ndifr e o ) iks r t esnt o aitf. Hea lgest tga membe si t PCU a e al le ha ng r n he r lowedt ve bal t e t n,physc ly a t k,a o r ly hr a e i a l tac nd e o tor se l c xt r t a omm is y ie fom ot r i aes i t uni,wiho i e v nton of t s ar t ms r he nm t n he t t ut nt r e i he c rci ore tonal ofi e s des t t r a r s of t pr em s M akde s aleg t t ga fc r pie hei wa ene s he obl . s i l es ha ng me es d sg td a e d r b p io o t as h v iiitd a po ,i c n u ci n wi mb r e inae sla es y rs n fkil a e ntae lt n o j n to t h ofiil,t alow i t fo t upperand lwe tesoft PCU t ha j ntr rai fcas o l nmaes r m he o r ir he o ve oi ece ton pe i ,wih t s e pu pos ofa tc ng M a s iwih gr a e nlmber . M akde s f a st t rods t he ol r e ta ki kde s t e t r l s s i e r ha i he i notr m ove 9om t lni t a he prs n,ga m e r wilca e hi bodiy hn m f s e d he l t o not r io ng mbe s l us m l r ore n kilhi . ve l m By o de e e e M a 6,201 t c tdiec e t Ofi e oft Ator y Ge r l r r nt r d y 4, he our r t d he fc he t ne ne a (Ã» GOAG' t rs ' o epond t Ma esismoton. The OAG tld ar s e ba e on a afda t ) o kd s' i ie epons s d n fi vi fom J Ho t who i si t d M a r . ron, nve tga e kdes isc pl nt a RNCC. Horon sat t ton M a 5, s' om ai s t t t es ha y 201 pe ng i si i ofhi alegai t the wasa rs ofha m i he r m ane i t 4, ndi nve tgaton s l tons ha t ik r f e i d n he PCU, ofk i s r t al emove M a s fo t uni t a ge r l deen i n as i d kdes i r m he t o ne a t to sgnment Horon . t des i t r s t of hi pr i i r i si ton i s e de al a s es t t i di not crbes he e uls s elm na y nve tga i n om t i nd Ã t ha t d r ve a hi t s t ta e M a s iscli st thi lf i i da eri t PCU. Horon e al nyt ng o ubsan it kde s ' am ha s ie s n ng n he t saes t t a i t who i a r d of s f rng ha m fom a he i t ma s e t be t t ha n nma e s fai ufe i r r not r nma e y e k o s par t fom t ti t by desg tng hi as an e my a m a r por soln pr ry. e aed r ha nma e i nai m ne nd y e t t e ope t Ma kdes ihas notr que t d t t a RN CC ofe s e se ha ny f nderbe de i t d a hi ene sgna e s s my,no has he r r pore ha ng pe s e td vi r onalie ssol ore ore fom hi by ot rPCU i t s t m t en xt td r m he nma e . Horo as s est tRNCC ofii l ha appoi e a c ti ofe ri e c uni t tn lo ut ha fc a s ve nt d era n f nde n a h t o a t as pod r pr e a i t m e t wih t W ar n pe i c ly t co i r pos i e c e es nt tve o e t he de rodi a l o nsde sbl i ove e s t a ea ofge r lc mpr m nt o r s ne a once n t i aes s as e r o nm t , uch ducai r c eai a f ton, e r ton, nd ood s r c ThePCU r pr en a i who i a i c i ga m e r r ce l as a 1ot rPCU e vie. e es t tve, s n na tve ng mbe , e nty ked 1 he imae a u t p sblt o j itrc e to p ro sf rt et teso t u i. Ofiil n t s bo t he osiii f on e rain e id o h wo ir f he nt fcas y have notyetde de t sis ci d hi s ue. Be a e Horon f und no e de e t s t ntae M akde s' c us t o vi nc o ubsa i t s is f a st the wasa rs ofphysc har ordeah i t PCU,Ho t a s d RNCC sa ft t e r ha t ik i al m t n he ron dvie t f ha M a s ic d be r as i d t t uni whe ve a a opra ec lwasa l bl kde s oul e sgne o he t ne r n ppr it el vaia e. Afe Horo sa fda twasfld, a s is bmit a a e tr tn' fi vi ie M kde s u ted n m nded c pl nt c it nt om ai , onsse w ih H oron' de c i i of e nt . M a s i a l ge ,ho eve , t t ofk i s pl c hi i t t s s rpton ve s kde s le s w r ha t al a ed m n 2 g n r ld tnin i r tl to f rh srq e tf ritro uo y ij nci rle . M a d sias e ea ee to n eai in o i e u s o n elc t r nu tve eif k e s lo a saest a whe ofk i l ofe e hi t opporuniy t r tm lt t PCU ,he sgne pa r k t t h t n t a s f r d m he t t o e l o he i d pe wor a l ng t sta fr Yet M a s isilc lowi hi r nse . , kde s tl ompli t he i a rs ofha m i he r m ansi ans hat s t ik r f e i n t tuni a s e ata f r ha t nd e ks r ns e . I. D ic so I s us i n A.I tro u o yIjmcieReif n elc t r nt tv le Be a s itro u o y ijmci erle i a e ta r i r rme y tepa t s e n te c u e n elc t r n t tv eif s n x ro dnay e d , h ry e kig h p ei nayij n to mu tma eace rs o n G 1 t a h i l l t s c e d o t meis rlmi r n u cin s k la h wig i ) h t e s i y o u c e n he rt; ( ke (1h i l l t s fe irpaa l h r i tea e c o p ei n r r le;( )ta teb ln e 2 e s i y o u f r re rb e n m n h bsn e f r l ay eif 3 h t h aa c ke mi o e ute tpsi hsfv r a d ()a ij n to i i t ep bl itr s. Re lTrt Ab u f q iis i n i a o ; n 4 n n u cin s n h u i n ee t' a uh o t c ' Oba .nc v FEC, 7 F.d3 2, 46 4 ( t Ci. 0 ) v c tdo o h rg omdsb 5 9U. ma l . . 5 5 3 4 3 - 7 4h r20 9 , a ae n t e r t v 5 S. 1 8 ( 01 ) r isae i rlv n p r b 6 7F.d 3 5 3 5( t Ci. 01 )(q o i W itrv. 0 9 2 0 , en ttd n ee a t a t y 0 3 5 , 5 4h r 2 0 tu tng n e Nat a Re otc sDee e Co ncl I c,5 5 U. 7 2 ( 0 ). Ea h o t s f u f co s tl l s t e fns u i. n . 5 S. , 0 2 08) c f he e o r a tr r r m us bes tsi d.l a 347. t a ife d. t The c t c l s t t M a our onc ude ha kdes is r ques s f r i e l t y r i m us be de e s' e t o nt rocu or elef t ni d. Pli ifa ist ta t ofki l ta f red hi t t ge a de e i uni,s f l r m ove antf dm t ha fer f as r nse r m o he ner l t nton t a ey e d fo t dange s ofwhih he co pl ned i t PCU,he c e t r ur t t uni,des t is r m he r c m ai n he hos o et n o he t pie t c tons I i noti t publci e es t a l i aest dee mi how prs ofi i l mus ondii . t s n he i ntr t o low nm t o tr ne ion fc as t pr de t m pr e ton fom ot i t s M or ove ,i t f ce of Horon' ve y s cik ovi he otc i r her nma e . e r n he a t s r pe t e de e t t M a s is lf i not e nge ed i t PCU a al ge M akde s' va e vi nc ha kde s' ie s nda r n he s le d, s is gu al ga i a le tons boutt da er i t uni a enots f e t s he ng s n he t r ufki nt o uppor a fndi t the i lkey t t i ng ha si l o s f r ir pa a e hn m i t a e e of c ti e v nton. Fo t s r a ons t co tw il uf e r e r bl r n he bs nc our nt r e i r he e e s , he ur l de M a s' motonsf pr lmi r ij tver i . ny kdesis i or ei na y nunci elef 3 B . Faiur t Prot l eo ect W he t c t a l e M a n he our low d kdes i t o n t s c vi a ton wih hi m oton f s o pe hi i l c i t s i or p ei n r ij n tv rle,hec u t lodr ce hi t tl a n n e c mp an .'h c u t r l a y nu cie eif t o r as ie td m o ie n me d d o lit T e o r mi s ciidt tt n ndedc ants d Ã» kg apr sae ntofhi j1 cli t t pe fe ha he me ompli houl l el oper ttme ma s 983 am ha ofiil a efii t pr e thi ;i tf patc a i vi sasdee ns lndjsaefcs fcas r alng o otc m deniy riulr ndi dual fnda t; a tt a t c n enig t e c n u te c d fn a th s tke i vilto o h s rg t. ( No o c r n h o d c a h ee d n a a n n oain f i ih s' ECF . ' Be a e M akde s hasf l d t c c us si aie o ompl wih t sor r t cour c udest tt c am si hi y t hi de , he t oncl ha he l i n s iiils b sin ( No.1 mus b sl rl ds se wih u p eu ieu d r28U. C. nta u miso ECF ) tel mma i imis d to t rj dc n e y S. j 1 5A( ()1 91 b)1 . M a s is ne y s itd n e d c kde s' wl ubm te m nde ompl i alege onl ne c am s c ant l s y w l i once ni r ng e nt t t ha occ r d snc t c ts c tona flng o der I doe not c r tt ve s ha ve ure i e he our' ondii l ii r . t s orec he pr e st c ti ntfe a t hi orgi lcai t tRNCC ofi a swe e f ii t pr e obl m he our de ii d s o s i na l m ha fcil r a lng o otct hi . I does not name de e nt t t s cai , sa e wha e ch de e nt kne about m t f nda s o hi l m t t t a f nda w M a s is ne d f pr t c i or wha e h de e nt di t vi ae hi rght . As s h, kde s' e or o e ton, t ac f nda d o ol t s i s uc pli ifs compl ntas n antf ai mende doÃ©s notsa e a aci bl cli r ga di hi alegai ns d t t ny tona e a m e r ng s l to t tofi il f l t pr e thi . S eW e tv. kn , 7U. 4 4 ( 9 8 ( lig ta t ha fca s aied o ot c m e s At is 48 S. 2, 8 1 8 ) hodn h t o ai if t t ih ha i i s sae a i e 51 cl m , pl ntf m us esabls t t he hms been deprved of rght tt ctonabl 983 ai g a ee by t Consiuton or lws oft Unie Stt s and t tt s d prva i r ule uar nt d he tt i a he t d a e ha hi e i ton es t d fo c n u tc mmitd b ap ro a tn t e c lro sae lw) Ac o dngy alcams r m o d c o te v es n cig md r oo f tt a . c r i l, 1 li r ie i M a d sisiiilmoin frprl n r ijmcie rle ( No 1 ae ds se as d n k e s' nta to o ei ay nl tv eif ECF . ) r imisd mi wih u p eu ieu d rj1 1 A( )1. t o t rj dc n e 9 5 b ( ) 1The cour i r r t dim is any acton orcl m fld by a prs t s equied o s s i ai ie ioneragai ta gover ent ns nm al e iy orof i i t cour det mi t acton orcl m i f i ous malci ,orf l t sat a cl m ntt fcer f he t er nes he i ai s rvol , i ous ais o t e ai o whihr le ma b Fa td.28U. C.j l 5 b)1 . n c eif y e n e S. 91 A( ( ) 4 C.Fa l et Exha tAval bl Re iur o us ia e medi es ThePrs Lii tonRefr Ac (TLlA',n ion tgai om t Ã§ t ' mong ot rt ngs pr desi 42U. C. ) he hi , ovi n S. j 1 9 ea t tap io e c n o b ig a cv la to c n e ig p io c n iin t i h h s 9 7 () ha rs n r n n t rn ii cin o c m n rs n o dto s mt e a l frte is xhause avalbl ad nikai rme es Po trv.Nusl 534 U. 51 524 ( td ia e mi s tve e di . re se, S. 6, 2002) . Thi e usi r quie nt a is t Gal i t s t , whehe t s xha ton e r me pple o sl nma e uis t r hey i ve ge r nvol ne al cic s a es or pa tc a e s r um t nc ri ul r pi odes . . . whe her t y a l ge C eS i f c Or S nA Ot r , t he le XC S VW gr e o e he m 'ng, a e n i t f m ofr le t i t s e i hi l ws ti no a ia et oug t o ' nd ve f he or ' e if he nma e e ks n s a ui s t val bl hr h he prs n' gre nc pr e ngs. l Fa l e t f l t r quied pr dlr Qft prs n' io s iva e oce di d. iur o olow he e r oce zes he io s a nita i r medy pr s ,i l ng tme lm is ort e us a 1lvel ofadmi sr tve dmi sr tve e oce s ncudi i i t , o xha t 1 e s nita i r e i notÃ§ ope e usin'a wilba ani t sj1 aci W oodf dv. eviw s l r xha to ' nd l r nmae' 983 ton. pr or Nco,548 U. 81 90( ) tl l r f lzet e us i a pae fom t f eoft compli 't S. , 2006 . tW he e aitr o xha t s p rnt r he ac he ant' he cour m a sl ma iy dim is t c pli on t tgr md. Ande s v.XYZ Core tonal t y lm rl s s he om a nt ha ot r on rci He 1 S r ie . n .4 F.d6 4, 2( t Ci. 0 5 . at e vc s I c, 07 3 7 68 4h r 2 0 ) h Ma kdes isn e s' m nded c ompli a lgest f l ng c am sbas on e nt i t ls ant le he olowi l i ed ve s n he a t t ny da : ( )dee nt S lowe t s xua haa s nt,e o ton,vi e e,a t eas we t ys 1 fnda s Ã§ l d he e l rsme s xtri a olnc nd hr t a ans plitf . . ndrtl td a ans ( an ifb )p a l hmji s g e ainf ro we k g i t an if . a eai e g i t plitf y lci i n e rg to o ne e a ng a d mak n hi o tt b a s ic ' ( )a trplitf sg e ap p rt la es pe ain h n li g m) u o e nth' 2 fe anif in d a e o e v e g to , e ; di c r d t ti tgaor ha no i e ve s ove e ha nvesi t s d t nt r iwed hi wines e orl ke a vi t ve iy hi s t s s oo d t deo o rf s algai ;and( i si t sc ic td a r a pli ifslgalpa r kandt e tne le tons 3) nve tgaor onfsae nd e d antf e pe wor hr ae d t ti M a ha f kdes i c s ompl i a n a aned gai bout t pr eci c t uni,he woul be plc i he ot tve usody t d a ed n s gr ton f a l r pe i d. M a s is pr ye f r i i t nmende c e egai or onge ro kde s' a r or elef n he d ompl i s e apt e ks mo ea y rle a d a ijmcin dr ci g ta h b rmo e t ap oe tv c t d t ta n tr eif n n nt t ie tn h t e e e v d o r tcie uso y mi t o 5 Dil n Core i lwy r ctonalCe e wih a sngl c l a no s r to r src i a t the ne r nt r t i e e l nd eg ega in e titons nd ha ve ber t e t wese n Vigi a e um d o t r r ni. Ma kdes is a est the ha e us e a i sr tve r m e e t i ast t s cl i s as s t t ha s xha t d dm ni ta i e di s w ce o he e a m doc e ed by t a t hmen st hi a e d c um nt he tac t o s m nde ompl i . The at hme sa e t e e ge ant tac nt r wo m r ncy gre nc M a iva es kdes itl on M a 6 a 7,201 a s qed y nd 4, boutt c icai ofhi l ga ma e i s he onfs ton s e l t ral. Ofi a s deni t e gre fcil ed hes ivanc be a e t st tons de c i we e no e r ences a es c us he iua i s rbed r t me g i nd a s d M a s it tt co i c ton ofhi pa r k r l t t t o oi i tga i of dvie kde s ha he nfs a i s pe wor e aed o he ng ng nvesi ton hi c pl nt a s om ai s boutt PCU. he I i welesabls d t tofe si t Vigi aDe rme ofCo rci ( t s l t ihe ha fnder n he r ni pa t nt re tons VDOC) mus f l t se oft rgua gre nc pr e esi Opeai Pr e e(t ' 866.. t olow he tps he e lr iva e oc dur n rtng oc dur Ã§OP' ) 1 Thi pr ed er uie t i a et a tmptt r s ve hi i s si or l a docl e ed by s oc ur eq r s he nm t o te o e ol s s ue nf maly, s lm nt a i or a c n nf m l ompli f m .l t i or a c ant or f he nf m l ompli f m r s e i t a if t y,t n t ant or e pons s ms tsacor he he i a em a wihi 30 da oft i de a is fl a r ulrgre nc t t wa de orhi nm t y, t n ys he nci nt t s ue, ie eg a iva e o he r n s r pr en a i f lwed by oneort l ve sofa a t hi rr nki ofi a si t VDOC. e es t tve, olo wo e l ppe l o ghe a ng fcil n he Untlt i t has co plt d ea h se oft OP 866. pr e e ,he has not e use i he nma e m e e c tp he 1 oc dm s xha t d a albl r me isu d rj1 9 e a. v i e e d e n e 9 7 () a Ast t onl c am sr ied i M a s ' a e o he y l i a s n kdes is m nded c ompli t i i ce t the hasno a n , t s lar ha t h d tme t e ha s a miitaie rme is a rq ie t e j1 7 () Th e r e y a i o x u t d nsrtv e de s e ur d md r 99 e a . e meg nc gre nc he fld a eno pa toft r gulr g i va pr ed e se a do notr plc a iva es ie r t r he e a re nce oc m t ps nd e a e ny oft e se . An e e ge y g i va e i a s par t r m e pr de f i aesi st tons hos t ps m r nc re nc s e ae e dy ovi d or nm t n iua i t t t e t n t m w ih i m i nt hn m . I a i a e' em e g y g i va ha hr a e he t m ne r f n nm t s r enc r e nce a bout a gi n ve st ain i rj ce a a no me g n y h silha oh r a mi srtv rme is a alb e iu to s ee td s ne r e c , e tl s t e d nitaie e de v ia l. 6 Spe tcal he c n tl a i o m a c cii ly, a ie n nf r l ompl i a t n a r gul rgre nc and a ant nd he e a ' va e i ppea sabou l t t tst ton. ha iuai Ma kdes i s s i s ons i ca e t tast t cl i s i t nm e d com pl i ,t onl s ' ubm s i ndi t ha o he a m n he nde a nt he y admi sr tve r m e e he hasfld a e e e ge y gre nc . Be aus i i cla t the has nita i e di s ie r m r nc iva es c e t s e r ha ot r a lbl ad i sr tve r m e e ,nn y,t r guar g iva e pr e le a a he vaia e m nita i e di s mel he e l re nc oc dtr nd ppea s l u d rOP 8 6 1 t ec u t l sl rl d s s h sa n e c mplitwi u prj d c f r ne 6 ., h o r wil l mmai imis i me d d o an t t eu ie o y ho f llet c ywih j 1 () Ana opraeorerwile e t sda aitr o ompl t 997ea . ppr it d l ntr hi y. The Cl k i diece t s nd c e oft s me or ndum o ni and a ompa ng er s r td o e opi s hi m a pi on cc nyi or t pl ntf a t t OAG. der o ai if nd o he Ex TER : Ths Jo& dyo Ma, 0 4 i a f y2 1 . ChifUnie St t DititJ e t d aes src udge 7

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