Dougherty v. Commonwealth Of Virginia et al, No. 7:2014cv00066 - Document 16 (W.D. Va. 2014)

Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 7/17/2014. (tvt)

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CL K' OFFI U. Dt COURC ER S CE S ST. A CH Ovr vu V T ARL uj lE,A I ED L IN TH E U N I TED STATE S D ISTR ICT C O U RT FOR T WES HE TERN DI TRI OFVI NI S CT RGI A R O AN O K E DIV ISIO N J ,t7 zl u 'i , . ' , t DLE c YS 2uo BY' R O BER T W .D O U G H ER TY , CA SE N O .7: 14CV 00066 Er UW C2yRg . t Pl nt f , ai i f M EM O R AN DU M O PINIO N C O M M O N W EA LTH O F VI G I A , R NI W K , By: G l E .Conrad en Chi U ni St esD i ri Judge ef ted at st ct Dee nts. fnda t) Robel W .D o hery,a Vi gi a i a e pr e ng pr K ,fl d t s c vi r g s a ton ' t ug t r ni nm t oc edi o ie hi i l i ht c i ptrua t 42 U. C.j 1 a i tt Commonweat ofVigi a t s rf ofFaifx ls nt o S. 983, gans he 1h r nis he he if ra Count a vaiusofi asoft Faifx Count Ad tDee i Ce e (C y, nd ro fcil he ra y ul tnton ntr C FCADC' Gr n D, ee Rock Coreci lCe er(k r tona nt $GRCC') a Cofe wood Coreci lCe e . He alege t t ', nd fe r tona ntr l s ha ea h oft de e nt t k orf l t t ke s e ac i i vi a i ofhi c tt i lrght . c he f nda s oo aied o a om ton n ol ton s onsiutona i s Upon r vi of t r c d,t c ttnds t t t aci n mus be s ma iy dim is d as e ew he e or he our i ha he to t um rl s s e f i ous ' vol . r 1 STA ND AR D O F REV IEW . The c t i r uie t dim is a a ton o c am fl d by a prs r a i t a our s eq r d o s s ny c i r l i ie ione gans g over e a e iy orof i eri t c tde e m i t ac i or c a m i f i ous m a i i , nm nt l ntt fc f he our t r nes he ton l i s rvol , lc ous o fist saea cai on whih r i ma be grnt 28 U. C.j 1 5A( ( ) To saea r al o tt l m c elef y a ed. S. 91 b)1 . tt cai i a f rlcvi acin,t pli ifsCgl cua algai mus bee l m n ny edea i l to he antf ûta t l le tons t nough t r iea o as r ght t r le a i o e i f bove t s ul tve l vel' t o t t i ' a i e on is f e, r t t n he pec a i e ,' o ne ha s t us bl pl t ac ' a her ha ' meel ç nc i bl.'BelAt.Cor v.Twombl 55 U. 544,570( r y ç eva e' l l p. co v, 0 S. 2007) . l . D I USSI N O F CL AI S l SC O M A s a i ta m a t r D oug ry' c pl i s d a t ly be s i i s tonsand r f l d n nii l te , he t s om a nt houl c ua l plt n ec i e ie asa latt e s pa aecvi a i .Thec antha zadl j nsmuli ecamsagans t e s hr e e rt i l ctons ompli pha r y oi tpl li it muli edee nsfom t e difrnt alorprs fcltes wihnor gadf t tpl fnda t r hr e fee j i ion a iii , t e r or he r t i tons ofRul 18 a 20 oft Fed r lRul s ofCi lPr e e.1 B ecause t cour esr c i es nd he e a e vi oc dur he t conc ud t ta lofDoug t s c a m si t a i m us be s m a iy di m i s d unde l es ha l hery' l i n he cton t um rl s s e r j 1 5 b)1 asfi ous howe r t c t dnotaddrs Doughe t sbltntdir r 91 A( ( ) rvol , ve,he our nee es ry' aa segad o t ej id rnl s f h on e l . e A . C l m s aeai tN onpersons ai ns A s a i talm a t r Doughe t s c ai s ag ns t Com m onw e t m us be di m i s d n nii te , ry' l m ai t he alh t s se u e j 1 1 A( )1,a fi oo s l i wels tld t ta sae c r tb s e u e j1 8 . nd r 9 5 b ( ) s rv lu . t s l ete ha tt amo e u d nd r 9 3 W ilv.M ihi n De tof Stt Polce 491 U. l c ga p' ae i , S.58,71 ( 989) (ûNj ihe a Stt nor is 1 'g et r ae t ofiil a tng i t i ofi i c pacte a eS ro 'unde j1 ') Si lry,Doughe t s fcas ci n her tcal a iis r pes ns r 983. . mial ' ry' cai sagans t k fceoft She ifofFar a Count 'mus bedim is d,ast sdef nda lm i t he k i of he rf if x y' t s se hi e nt i n t S es n' u j c t s t nd rj 1 8 .l s o a t ro 's be t o uiu e 9 3 d. p Th i iiu lo fcast a Do het n me a d fn a t a e sae a tr s b e tt e ndvd a fiil h t ug ry a s s ee d n s r tt co s u j c o s tunde j 1 ui r 983. Do ry' algai ,howe r f t ras expl ne heen,do not ughe t s le tons ve, or he e ons ai d ri s a e a pl usbl co tt tona cl i ag ns a of t t t ny a i e ns iu i l a m ai t ny hem as ne es a y t hol a c s r o d nyone labl i e unde j1 r 983.Se Twombl 550U. a 57 e y, S. t 0. 1Un e Rue l () whc g v r s on e ofcams aplitf ma bigmutpecams rltdo n t d r l 8a, ih o en j id r li 5 ani y rn lil li ,eae r o5 f i alw s ta ns asngl defndan .How e r i or rt nameot rdefnda si t s m el ui,hepl ntf n a ui gai t i e e t ve ,n de o he e nt n he a aws tt ai if mus stsyRul 2 ()2,whc g v rsj id ro pat s Rue2 ()2 p nnt j n e o mulped fnd ns t aif e 0 a( ) ih o en on e f ri . l 0 a( ) e is oid r f t l ee a t e i o y w he e t r g t r i f a s red a i tt ars s outoft s m e t a a i o oc r nc a c r a nl r he i ht o ele s e t gans hem i e he a r ns cton r cur e e nd once ns c m on que to ofl w or f c . On isf c D o om sin a at t a e, ughery' om ni c ts bus ompl i t doe notc pl w ih eihe oft s an s om y t t r he e r e ul s. 2 B. Fai ax C ount Cl m : rf v ai The fr t s c i of D oughe t s co pl nt a s r s t i Fe ua y a M a c 2011, is e ton ry' m ai s e t hat n br r nd rh s r lofi a sa FCADC co i c t hi c a tl ns s f ie t ara f rhi t s a e eve a fcil t nts aed s ont c e e , a ld o r nge o m o ee n ye d t or t ge r pl e e l ns s a f l t co pe a e hi f a l ns t t w a ne r oc or o t e ac m nt e e , nd aied o m ns t m or e ha s ve r t ned. H e a s ale s t t a FCAD C lbr r ofi i l i e f r d wih hi a t m pt t m a e ur l o l ge ha n i a y tc a nt r e e t s te s o ke phot opi s a r vi w c tr e w he D oughery w as pr pa i pl di f a sa e c t oc e nd e e our ul s n t e r ng ea ngs or t t our ci la ton he fl d i N ove be 2011 a vi c i ie n m r bouthi pr bl m sw ih hi c a tl ns .2 s o e t s ont c e es The c a m s a l i w r ulde i ton of Doug r y' c ac l ns a a es t t l i leg ng ongf prva i he t s ont t e es nd cc s o he l w lbr r a t pho oc e w hie a FCA D C m us be s m a iy di m i s d unde a i a y nd o t opi s l t t um r l s se r j 1 5A( ()a tmebar dunde t a ia esaueoflmiai . W he i i ce rfom 91 b)1 s i re r he pplc bl ttt i ttons n t s la r t fce ofa j1 co ai t tt pl ntf scam i bar by t a i bl saut of he a 983 mpl nt ha he ai if li s red he pplca e tt e l tto s t e c u t ma s mmaiy d s s t e c mpan wih u p eu ie a lg ly i ai n , h o r y u rl imis h o lit t o t rj d c s e al mi fi o . Nasm v.W ade M d.Ho e ofCorecin,64 F.d 951 956 ( h Ci.1 rvolus i r ns us r to 3 , 4t r 995)(n e ba ) nc . A j1 3 cai basd on e nt t toc ure i Vigi amus bebr htwihi t 98 l m e ve s ha c rd n r ni t oug t n wo ye r fom t tmewhe t aci a cue ori i bard unde Va CodeAl j8. - a, a s r he i n he ton c r s t s re r . m. 01243() Vigna' sauef rg nea, ro a ij r cams e Owe v Ok r, 8U. 2 5 2 9 4 r ii s ttt o e rlpes n ln u y li .S e ns . u e 48 S. 3 , 3 - 0 ( 989) A cam unde j 1 a c ue whe pl ntf knowse ug a t ha donet hi 1 . li r 983 c r s n ai if no h bout he nn o m t brng hi l w s t N a i ,64 F. d a 955. l i cl a f om t f e of D o he t s c pl i o i s a ui. s m 3 t t s e r r he ac ug ry' om a nt 2 Doughery alo alege t tu m ed ofi asa t FCADC r tlae a ns hi f rflng hi sae t s l s ha nna fcil t he eaitd gai t m o ii s tt c u t iiato b frnghi fo hslu dyj bteea dta frighm t ah u i ae wihls d srbl o r cvl cin y ii m r m i a n r o h r n rnsern i o o sng ra t es eia e l n c n iin .Do g et d e n tofrg riua dtisa o tt s e e t o a o th p ro liv le n i g o dto s u h ry o s o fe a t lr eal b u hee v ns r b u te esna n ov me t vi c of a of t pa tes be or t c t i t s ac i ny he r i f e he our n hl ton. The ef e,t e cl i s m us be s m a iy dim i s d a r or hes a m t um r l s s e s fcu l fioo su d rj1 5 b)1. Se We tv Ati ,4 U. 4 ,4 (9 8 (idn ta t saej1 8 a tal rv lu n e 91 A( () e s . kns 87 S. 2 8 1 8 ) fn ig h t o tt 9 3 y cai ,plitf m us esa ih t the ha bee de i d ofrght gua a e by t Consiuto o lws oft l m an if t tbls ha s n prve i s r nted he tt in r a he UntdSae a dta t i d p i t nrs tdfo c n u t o te b ap ro a t u d rc lro saelw) ie tts n h t hs e rvai eul r m o d c c mmi d y esn ci n e oo f tt a . o e t ng 3 t the kne i 2011 oft ha m he i alegi t FCADC de e ha w n he r s l ng he f ndan s i lct on hi ,by t nfi ed m confs a i hi l ns s a i e f rng w ih hi ac e s t c t . Ye ,D oug ry di nottl t s i c tng s e e nd nt r e i t s c s o our s t he t d ie hi j 1 a ton untlmi Fe uay 201 moe t t ye r ltr Thus a j1 cli he 983 ci i d- br r 4, r han wo a s ae. , ny 983 am ma ha ha agans t FCADC dee nt i bar unde j8. - a,a mus be y ve d i t he fnda s s red r 01243() nd t s mmaiyd s se wih u p eu ieu d rj1 1 A( )1 a lg lyfio o . u rl imis d t o t rj dc n e 9 5 b ( ) s e al rv lus C . G reen R ock C l m s ai Doug ry alege t the a rved a GR CC on A prl20,201 He s a est ta t he t l s ha ri t i 2. t t ha lhough he was69 yeasol a t stme hewa û i ly hal and e r ie e y da ' ( r d t hi i , s t cal e phys xe csd ver y. Compl 31) ' . . D o he t brngs num er com pl i s abo lvi c tons a of i a s a G RCC, a l of ug ry i ous a nt ut i ng ondii nd fci l t 1 whihmus bes c t ummarl dimis dunde j1 1 b)1. iy s s e r 9 5A( ( ) 1 L a Li ar A cc s . w br y es Do he t alege t t GRCC ofii l i nor hi r quess t a ce s t 1 w lbr r ug ry l s ha fc a s g ed s e t o c s he a i a y de pie t f t t t he w as ltga i a s a e c t c vi ac i n. The l w s t w a uli a el s t he ac ha ii tng t t our i l to a ui s tm t y di m i s D o he t f is t s ,how e r t tt l w s ti uded a vi bl c a m or t s s ed. ug ry a l o how ve , ha he a ui ncl ny a e l i hat t coul dimi s d t l ws tbec us ofa pa tc a ie o is r l e t Do he t s he ' s s e he a ui t a e ny riul r tm r s ue eatd o ug ry' a l ged i biiy t us t G RCC 1 w lbr r Thus hi co pl i doe notpr vi a f c ual le na lt o e he a i a y. , s m a nt s o de a t bas s f a c tt i i or ny ons iutonal c ai t t GRCC of i a s de i hi of hi rght t a es t l m ha fci l prved m s i o cc s he c rs Se Le sv.Ca e 51 U. 343,35 356- ( 996)( di t tt sat cli ou t. e wi s y, 8 S. 4, 57 1 hol ng ha o t e am r r ng de alo a es ,i a e m us s w t the wasuna e t b i o he l t a pa tc a ega di ni f cc s nm t t ho ha bl o r ng, r os , r i ul r vi bl c a m be a e s ii d de i i nc es i hi a c s t l gal m a e i s de ed hi t a e li c us pec f e f c e i n s c es o e t ral ni m he ic pabiiy'ofltgai t cli . ta lt ' ii tng hat am) 4 2. V i i Pr e s s on obl m Do het alege t f t nymo hs whiehewa i re ae a ohe j is hehad ug ry l s hat or we t nt , l s ncac rtd t t r al, bee f ce t do w ihouthi c a tl ns . D urng hi i a m e ca e m i ton a GR CC i n or d o t s ont c e es i s nt ke di l xa na i t n Aprl201 uni ntfe GRCC media ofi i l l a ne ofhi lck ofviuala uiy fom hi e i 2, de ii d c l tc a s e r d sa s c t r s ye c r t s . Ye ,t y a l gedl i nor d hi r ques s f m edi l c r de pie kno i t thi ha t e t t he le y g e s e t or ca a e, s t w ng ha s poor vi i a hi s a l s a ur pu hi at r s s on nd s m l t t e t m i k. O n J l 4,201 D oug ry' c l m a e, uy 2, he t s e l t l a e Br nm t own, as a t d hi , a D o he t r qui e m e c l t e t e . l A ugus 201 s ule m nd ug ry e r d di a r a m nt n t 2, GRC C o tc a s pr ded Doughe t w ih eye gl s s a r quie hi t pa f t m . fi i l ovi ry t as e nd e r d m o y or he The co tca ur nnotfnd t tDoug ry ha sae f c ss wi t tt sf - ont deay i ha he t s tt d a t ho ng ha hi ourm h l i pr di hi wih gl s s pr vi s a f c ua bas s f a c tt i lc ai aga ns a n ovi ng m t as e o de a t l i or ons iutona l m i t nyone. To pr ve t tt co s ofm edi lt e t e he r c ve a ount t a cons iutonalvi a i o ha he ur e ca r a m nt e ei d m ed o tt i ol ton, a i a e m us s w t t pe s nne t whos c r he w a c m it d e bied i i r t n nm t t ho ha r o l o e ae s om te xhi t s be a e del i fee 't hi isrousme c lne . Esele v.Ga e,429 U. 97,1 106 ( 976) ndifrnce' o s sei dia eds' t l ' mbl S. 041 . A n of i ' i e i l a t or om i s on t t m e e y de ays a i a e' ac es t nec s a y ic als nt ntona c s i ha rl l n nm t s c s o esr m e c c r saess h a c am o y i t pl i ifs dial a e t t uc l i nl f he antf howst tt deay r s t i s tntal ha he l e uled n ubsa i ham t t paint W e v.Ha dula 281F.App' 15 166( h Ci.2008)(ii ot r r o he te . bb mi lh, x 9, 4t r ctng he c es. Doughe t doe no sae fcsde as ) ry s t tt a t monsrtng t the ha a srousme ca nee f tai ha d ei di l d or gl s es w he he a rve a GRC C. N or does he s a e f c s s w i t t hi l c of gl s as n ri d t t t a t ho ng ha s a k as es e e ba ed hi vi i pr e s or o he w i e c us hi a s t n i lha m .3 The c tw il xac r t s s on obl m t r s a ed m ny ubs a t a r our l dimist scam unde j 1 5A( ()a fi ous. s s hi li r 91 b) 1 s rvol 3 Dough t m a no f c u c m ec i bet e n hi ale d l ck of medi alca e f hi poorvii and ery kes a t al ol ton w e s lge a c r or s s on hi beng asauled by Br s i s t own. M or i pora l Doughe t doe notsa ef t s e m tnty, ry s tt acs howi t ta de e ntkne ng ha ny f nda w of a s i r s t tBr wn woul a s ul Doughe t bef e i ha ned. Thus Doughe t has no de onsr e erous ik ha o d sa t r y or t ppe , ry t m tat d t tBr ha own' a s ul w a c e b a ofii ' dei at i fe e s s a t s aus d y ny fcals lber e ndifr nce.SeeFa m e v.Brnna 511U. 825,837 r r e n, S. ( 9 4)(id n t a a ofie a t wiht ei e aei d fe e c 'i h i o o a ddir g r sa e c s iers t 1 9 fn i g h t n fc r c s t t l r t n ifr n e' f e ç ws f n s e a d n x e sv ik o d b kn imaeh at o sft'. n t e lh r aey' ) 5 Cel M at Probl s l e em Af e l a e Br n a s ule Doughery on J y 4, 201 Ofi e M oron f ie t t r nm t ow s a t d t ul 4, t c r t a ld o di c plne Br si i own,a l edl be a e Br leg y c us own w o ke f M o t r d or r on. W he D o he t r t ned t n ug ry e ur o t prs a t r r c vi m e c c r of i a spl ce hi i a ce lw ih a he i a e whom he i on fe e ei ng di al a e, fci l a d m n l t not r nm t , t y a l edl knew t be r it a hom os xual A f da l t r t s c l m a e s a he leg y o ac s nd e . ew ys a e s hi e l t l pped D oug ry' ba d he d. D oughe t c pl i t M o t who t d hi t t i was onl he t s l a r y om a ned o r on, ol m ha t y hor e a s pl y. M oron s d t t i D oughe t c pl i d f t r a t ai ha f r y om a ne urhe bout t a t r a i M or o he le c ton, tn w o d ha t w rt c r aga ns bo h i a es f r fghtng a pl c t m i s gr t o ul ve o ie ha ges i t t nm t o i i nd a e he n e ega i n. La e , D oug ry di co r d pr r y ie s m i sng f om hi c l Hi c l m a e adm it t tr he t s ve e ope t t m si r s el. s e l t ted o t ng t ie s w hi h i l d l ga pl di D o aki he t m , c nc ude e l ea ngs ughe t ha w rte f a he i a e. r y d it n or not r nm t D oughe t a l ges t t t t tr s t f om a co pi a y t pr ve D o hery f o g t i ry le ha he hef e uled r ns r c o e nt ug t r m e tng pa d f hi l galw or Of i al a s ed Doughe t t the w oul be m o d,but he w as not i or s e k. fci s s ur ry ha d ve m ove untlJ y 1 201 d i ul 4, 2. The e alega i s m pl do not gi r s t any c ai of co tt i s l tons i y ve i e o lm ns iutonal s gni i a i f c nce. D oughe t has no c tt i l rghtt ha of i i l pur ue di ci i r or c i i l cha ges ry ons iutona i o ve fc a s s s plna y rm na r agans t i ae who a s uled hi ort one who sol hi pr pe t ie s See Di mond v. i t he nm t sa t m he t e s o ry t m . a Ch re ,4 6U. 5 ,6 6 (98 )(i dngt tid vd a h sn j d cal c g ia l itr s a ls 7 S. 4 4- 5 1 6 tn i ha n i iu l a o u iil o n z b e ne et y i pr ec i ornon- os c i ofa he pes . Mor r hef l t sat a plusbl n os uton pr e uton not r ron) eove, ais o t e ny a i e cons iu i nalc a m aga ns of i i s f f ii t pr e thi f om hi c lm a es Se Cas v. tt t o li i t f c al or a lng o ot c m r s el t . e e Ahiow,301F.d 605,607 ( h Ci.2002)( tng t twhe pli ifcamsf llet prtc, t 3 4t r noi ha n antf li aitr o oe t S he t ti w he he t gua ds know t pl ntf i a e f e a s r ous da ' es s t t r he r he ai i f nm t ac s e i ngert hi s e y a o s af t nd t y c d a r t da re sl ye t y f lt do s '. Do he t doesnotsaef t fom he oul vet he nge a iy t he ai o o' ) ug ry tt acs r w hi M oron knew eiher of t cel m at pos any rik of physcal har t D oughert ch t t he l es ed s i m o y. 6 l e w he D o nde d, n ughe t r f e s r ton a t r hi s ond ce l m a e s a d hi , GR CC ry e us d eg ega i f e s ec l t l ppe m ofi e s c d r a ona y ha bele d t the di notf a s f rng any s r o ha m f o t t tc r oul e s bl ve i ve ha d e r uf e i e i us r r m ha celmae. The c t mus dimis Do hery' c l mae cl ms t r j1 A( ( ) as l t our t s s ug t s el t ai mde 915 b)1 f i ous r vol . 4. Top Bunk Probl s em On J y 1 201 ofi i l m o d l a e Br n bac t t s m e hous ng a ea w he e ul 4, 2, tc a s ve nm t ow k o he a i r r D oughe t w a a s g d. Doug ry com pl ned, a o fc s m oved D o he t t ne r y s s i ne he t ai nd f i er ug ry he xt m or ng t anot ho i a ea whe e he w a as i d t a t bunk. H e com pl ne ni o her usng r , r s s gne o op ai d i m e a el t ta age 69,he ha ditculi s ge tng down f o a t bunk t us t ba hr m di t y ha t d fi te ti r m op o e he t oom a ni . O fi e s s i he w oul be r s i d t a l t ght tc r a d d ea s gne o ower bunk s 4 but r pea edl as i ned oon, e t y sg hi t a t bunk.5 m o op The cou t m us di m i s t e t p bunk cl i s as f i ous I onve e r t s s hes o am rvol . nc ni nt t c f r a e c tons of c i m e a e no unc tt i , Pr s lvi c tons t t m om o t bl ondii onfne nt r t ons iutonal i on i ng ondii ha S r r s r c i or e n ha s .. .a e pa tof t pe t t t c i i l ofende s pay f t i ç e e t i tve a ve r h r r he naly ha rm na f r or he r ofe es a ns s ey. lhodes v. Cha n, 452 U. 337,347 ( 981. To prve a fns gai t ocit ' k ' pma S. 1 ) o c nsiu in lcam rltdt a alg dy l aeji c ndto , u he' mu ts o t a e c o t to a li eae o n l e l ms f al o i n Do g ly s h w h t a h t e i t d f n a t ne s b e tv l ,h t h c le g dc n iinp e e tdas b tn ilrs o s ro s ee d n k w, u j ciey t a t e haln e o dto rs ne u sa ta ik f eiu ha m a ne rhel s f ie t t ke t e ona e m e s e ' t a l vi t i. Fa m e v.Br nnan, r nd ve t e s a l d o a û as bl r a ur s ' o le a e t r r e U. 825,835- ( 99 . He mus as l oduc e de of a srous or sgnii an S. 37 1 4) t lo d pr e vi nce ei i tc t 4 Doughe t fulst eofi r prm a iy f tl ng't hi ry a t hes fce s i rl or çyi ' o m t li hi hew oul bem ovedt al r elng m d o owe bunk a t notc r ng ou t tpr ie. An ofii s'vebalc m e st a i ae do notpr deany ba i nd hen aryi t ha om s fcal r om nt o n nm t ovi ss fraj1 3cam, o v r S eHe se v. wi,l 3F. p' 1 9 l 9(t Ci. 0 )(idngta alg to s o 98 li h we e . e n le Le s 5 Ap x 7 , 7 4h r 2 05 fn i h t l ain e o v r a a u ea d h r sme tb g a d d n tsae a y c n tt t n lcam)( ii a Coln v Cu d ,6 3 F.d f e b l b s n a a s n y u r s o o tt n o siu i a l i ctn l s . n y 0 2 o i 8 5 8 7(0hCi. 9 9 . 2 , 2 1t r 17 ) 5On s ver occ i , D o he t a l gedl r u ed t go t a ce lwher he w oul be as i d a t p bunk, e al asons ug ry le y ef s o o l e d sgne o a ofl il br ughtdici i y c r sagans hi f rdiobe ng a die to de . Ashe sa e t tt c r nd fcas o s plnar ha ge i t m o s yi rc r r tt s ha he hages we e ltr dimis D oughe t f l t demonsrt any acinabl ham r lt t t s dicplnar c r s r ae s s ed, ry ais o ta e to e r eaed o he e s i i y ha ge , pariulrybe us head ist t chage diobedi e. tc a l ca e m t o he r d s enc 7 p ia ore i lij yrs tngfom t c lnge co to ' Shac v.Smih,71F. hysc l motona nur e uli r he halc d ndiin. ' lka t 3d 1 1 ( hCi.1 .Doughe t hasnotme et rfcoroft sa yss Hedoe notsae 62, 66 4t r 995) ry t ihe a t hi nal i. s tt t t he s f e a ha m w ha s ve f om be ng as i d t a t p bunk. M o e r ot r t n ha uf er d ny r t oe r r i s gne o o r ove , he ha hi a , he s a e no f c f om w hi h t de e nt c d ha know n t t s ee ng i a t s ge tts at r c he f nda s oul ve ha l pi n op bunk pos d a s rousrs ofs t i ha m f Doug t The c twils ma iy dimi s e e i ik ubsantal r or hery. our l um rl s s t s cam unde j 1 5A( ( )a fi ous a Doughe t haspr de no f t bass on hi li r 91 b) 1 s rvol , s ry ovi d acual i w hi h t be i ve hi t bunk as i enti plca e a c tt i ly pr ec ed r ght6 c o le s op s gnm m i t d ny ons iutona l ot t i . 5. I l s s AD s ue O n N ove be 28, 201 of i e s t a f r ed D oughe t t M ont e y Co y, m r 2, f c r r ns e r ry o gom r unt M a yl nd,f di poston ofa de a ne . D oughe t bl m e t G RCC w a de f i tga i t s r a or s ii ti r ry a s he r n or ns i tng hi pr e ng,s nc D o he t hi s l di not a k f r dipos ton oft det ne pur ua t t oce di i e ug ry m e f d s o s ii he ai r s nt o he l ertt Agr me o Deane s($AD'. TheM aylnd c tco ee pr ee ngs a nt sae ee nt n ti r $ ' 1 ) r a our mpltd oc di , nd ofii sta pore Doug t bac t GRCC o J r 29,201 He i sils j c t a fcal rns td hery k o n anuay 3. s tl ub e t o M a y a de a ne a c pl i t ti s d be di m i s d be a e he w a deni d hi s e r l nd t i r nd om a ns ha t houl s s e c us s e s pe dy t i lrght unde t I D . ra i s r he A The I D i na es a pa tc pa i sa e t ga n c t A û bl e r i i tng t t o i usody of a prs r i r e a e i i one nca c r t d n a oh rj rs ito i o d rt tyhi o ci n lc a g s' Re dv. re 51 U. 3 9 3 1 n t e u idcin,n r e o r m n rmia h r e . e Falv, 2 S. 3 , 4 ' ( 99 . Thus Doug ry' cam t thi ti ont M aylnd c ge s how vi aedhi 1 4) , het s li ha s ral he r a har s ome olt s c tt i na or s a ut r r g s i f i o . M or ove , bec us a i a e' r que t f r ons iuto l t t o y i ht s r vol us e r a e n nm t s e s o di post o of a de a ne i t f c or t t ti r t tm e lm i unde A ri e I 1 of t I D , s ii n t i r s he a t ha r gge s he i i t r tcl l he A D oughe t has no a tona e t pe dy t i l'c a m he e r ga di t pe ng de a ne . Se I D , ry c i bl û e r a ' l i s r e r ng he ndi ti r e A 6 D oug t alo a s rst tby a sg ng hi t a uppe bu , ofk es vi atd prs polcy,whih hery s s e t ha s ini m o n r nk f r ol e ion i c c l f i at ove a 55 t be a s g d t a l r bunk.Howeve ,a s a e of i als f iu e t a de by s a e aled or nm es r ge o s i ne o owe r t t fci ' a l r o bi tt r g a in i n t a f d r lc nsiu ina cam,Rico v Co ny o Fara ,Va,90 F. d 1 9 1 6 ( t e ulto s s o e e a o tt t l li o c i . u t f if x . 7 2 45 , 4 9 4 h Ci.9 0 , n i, h r f r , o a to a l u d rj 1 3. r1 9 ) a d s t e eo e n t c in be n e 98 lla ( o di 1 da fom prs rspr rques fr diposton ofdeane f 1() pr vi ng 80 ys r ione ' oper e t o s ii ti r or rcevi saet brnghi t ti ) Thec twils e i ng tt o i m o ral. our l ummaiy dimisa1cli rlt t t rl s s l ams eaed o he deane unde j1 A( ( )a fi ous ti r r 915 b)l s rvol . 6. Job H untng and Cl f caton i assii i Do g e t,i lg to h se u ain a d wo k e p re c ,a k d fraj b i t eGRCC u h ry n ih f i d c to n r x e in e s e o o n h l w lbr r or e a i ay duca i depa t e . D es t a pr i i i e vi w w ih one of i al O f i r ton rm nt pie om s ng nt r e t fci , fce Coae de edDoughe t aj b i t lw lbrr ts ni ry o n he a i ay.Do he t as algest tCoaesprve e ug ry lo le ha t e ntd hi j a iai fom bei fr r d t t e to de rme . l a ton,Doughe t s ob pplc ton r ng o wa de o he ducain pa t nt n ddii ry com pl nst Coat er ai hat es roneousy assi l gned D oughert t a s iy l y o ecurt evel1 w ihouti ervi i 1 t nt ew ng hi i pe s whi h r s t d i hi be ng t a f r ed t a hi r s c iy f c lt Acc di t m n r on, c e ule n s i r ns e r o ghe e urt a iiy. or ng o D oughe t O f i e Coa e r om m e d t s ta f r on t bas s t tD oughe t w o d be ft r y, fc r t s ec nde hi r ns e he i ha ry ul ne i f om ( or sr t es' n lghtoft m any di c plna y c r he ha a um ul t a GRCC . r t e tuc ur ' i i m he s i i r ha ges d cc a ed t The e alega i ns a s l to bout Doug r y' w or s a us a r l s i i a i do not pr de a he t s k t t nd ec a s fc ton ovi f c ua bas s f a cl i t t of i i l de i d hi of a c tt i l pr ec e rght Se a t l i or ny a m ha fc a s prve m ons iutonaly ot t d i . e Ali rv.Pa rc 569F. 81 81 ( h Ci.978)( di t tçhecl sfcai a wor tze deik, 2d 2, 3 4t r1 hol ng ha û asii tons nd k t a s g e s of pr s s ...a e m al r of pr s n a i sr t o w ihi t di c e i of t s i nm nt i oner r te s i o dm ni t a i n, t n he s r ton he pr s n adm i s r t s'a t t a pr s r has no co tt i ly pr t c e i e e t i eihe hi io nit a or ' nd ha i one ns iutona l o e t d nt r s n t r s j b sau o hi ca sfc to saus.I mae h ven c nsiu in lrg tt b c ni e i a o tt s r s lsiiai n tt ) n ts a o o ttto a ih o e o tn d n pr s w ih a pa tc ar s t ofs c iy r s rc i ,M e c i on t ny ri ul e e ur t e t i tons a hum v.Fa 427 U . 21 223no, S. 5, 224 ( 9 6 ,a d te ha en c nsi to a rg tt ap io j b Ad msv. n s 7 4 F.d 1 7 1 7 ) n h y v o o t u in l ih o rs n o . n t J me , 8 2 0 7 1 ( h Ci.1 . Theeor t c twils 079 4t r 986) rf e, he our l ummaiy dimis t e cams r r ng rl s s hes li , egadi Doughe t sj a iato a hi rca stcain,u rj1 5A( ( ) a fi ous ry' ob pplc in nd s e lsii to nde 91 b)1, s rvol . 9 7. D i plnary Charges and D et i sci i enton D oughe t s s D e e nt H a c f r a l ge i pt s as a pr s c r y ue f nda t h o le d ne nes i on ouns l a f e or nd or brngi a di c plna y c r aga ns Doughe t i Aprl201 f usng i ol ntl ngua a t r i ng s i i r ha ge i t ry n i 3 or i ns e a ge, f e Doughe t algedl gr t Hach by s yi ry le y eeed t a ng: ç el, hel W o t es ' ( i l lo, rhl s. Compl 28. W ' . ) D oug r y de e m a ng t s s a e e t H e a ist tH a ch l t r a ogi e t hi ,a t he t ni s ki hi t t m n . dm t ha t a e pol z d o m nd he c r w a dim i s d. ha ge s s s e D oughe t a s s ot of i i l f w r ngf di c plna y c r s a s r ga e r y l o ues her f c a s or o ul s i i r ha ge nd eg e t d c i m e . l J 20l GRCC ofi i snotfe a 1i t t ti t di notha a bit onfne nt n une 3, fcal iid l nma es ha f hey d ve rh c r ii a e on f l a ha no a i d f o by J l 201 t y woul r ce ve a di ci i r e tt c t ie nd d t pple or ne une 0, 3, he d e i s plna y c r ha ge. D oughe t r f e t a pl f a bit c r ii t a of i a s br ht a di ci i r ry e us d o p y or rh e tfca e, nd fci l oug s plna y c r unde Opeai Pr e e (( ' 11 c)a i thi f rf i t compl wih t s ha ge r rtng oc dur ûOP' 9( gans m or eusng o ) y t hi c a s fca i n orr en r r quie e . Att hea i on t sc r Doughery e a ne t the l s i i to e t y e r m nt he rng hi ha ge, t xpl i d ha ha ne be is d abit cetfc t andt i Fara i 201 j i ofi asha confs ae d ver en sue rh riiae hat n ifx n 0, al icil d ic td hi r gi t a i of bi t The he rng of i r ale dl r f e t cons de t s i or aton, s e sr ton rh. ai fce l ge y e us d o i r hi nf m i ee td Do g e t fo te h a ig f u d hm g it o t e c r e o fns ,a i o e a j ce u h ry r m h e rn , o n i u l f h hag d fe e nd mp s d y pe ly of 15 days of de e i .7 D oughe t com pl i t the s na t t nton ry a ns ha pent48 da i de e i a ys n t nton nd s eksm one a y da a . e t r m ges 1 Doughery as al s t t m a or penaly f t s c r i l t lo lege hat he ndat y t or hi ha ge ncuded t l s o 90 da of he os f ys a c multd g o tme l t sj 1 3a to h we e , e d e no s e r so a in o a y l s g odtme He as c u a e o d i . n hi 98 cin, o v r h o s t e k e t r t f n o t o i . o lo does nots ek m onetr damage f l s ofgood tm e nor c d he. l a prs ' c lenge t a dici i y e ay s or os i , oul f ioners hal o s plnar hea i woul ne s rl i pl t i i t ofhi dici i r c ci i s es f ,a ca eofaci under rng d cesa iy m y he nvaldiy s s plna y onviton f ucc sul ny us ton j 9 3f rmo ea y d ma e a an t n i iuasi v l e i t a c n ito d e n ta c u u tl h p io e s o l 8 o n tr a g s g is i d v d l n o v d n h t o v ci n o s o c r e n i t e rs n r h ws t a t e c n ito h sb e o h r s o e tr e . S e Ed r s v Ba io ,5 0 U..6 ( 9 7 ( i n He k v h t h o v ci n a e n t e wie v ru n d e wa d . l k 2 S 4l 1 9 ) ct g c . s i Hu h e , 2U. 4 7 48 - 7( 9 4 ) mp ry 51 S. 7 , 68 1 9 ). l a e ,t c t ca n ny vent he our nnot fnd t t Doughery' a l gatons r l c any pr edur e r i t es i ha t s le i efe t oc al r or n h e dici i r pr edi . H e a ist her f ed t a y f a bit ce tfcae whi ga t hea i ofi r s plna y oce ngs dm t hat eus o ppl or rh rii t, ch ve he rng fce s me e i e eo whih t c n ita p n l eDo g e . S e S pei tn e v Hi , 7 U. . 4 ,4 5 ( 9 5 o v d nc n c o o v c nd e ai z u h dy e u rn e d nt . l 4 2 S 4 5 5 1 8 ) l (idngta c u t yu oddsil r h aigo to iii s p o tdb smee ie c i t rc r) fn i h t o r ma ph l icpi y e rn uc me ft s u p re y o vd n e n he e od . na The c tdoes notf nd a f c ua ba i i t e a l ga i f a c a m t t Doughe t our i a t l s s n hes le tons or ny l i ha ry w a de i d ofa c tt i ly pr ec ed r ght Fi s ,Doug ry had no c tt i lrghtt s prve ons iutona l ot t i . r t he t ons iutona i o a d bei c r d wih di c plna y i r c i voi ng ha ge t s i i r nf a tons. Ri ha ds n v.Ra 492 F.A pp' 395,396 c r o y, x ( h Ci.201 ( t im omit . Thus hi mee algai t tofi r br 4t r 2) ciatc ted) , s r le ton ha fces oughtalgedl le y t ounded dicplna y cha ge a i thi does notsa e a c tt i lcli a tona e mf si i r r s ga ns m tt ny onsiutona a m c i bl unde j1 3. Fre n v.Ri out 808 F. 9 952- ( Ci.1 . M or ve,whe a r 98 e ma de , 2d 49, 53 2d r 986) eo r n dici i r c r neve r s t i Doughe t bei pe lz i an wa a wih t s plna y ha ge r e uled n ry ng na ied n y y, s t he di m i s c r f us ng i ol nt l ngua aga ns H a ch,he has not s f r d a de i ton s s ed ha ge or i ns e a ge i t t uf e e ny pr va i ofrght on whiht r taj1983cam.Se ,e. ,Chi m v.M c nni,1 4 F. 370,1 i s c o es li e R. dube Gi s 3 3d 997 W L 809958,a *1( t Ci.1 t 6h r 997)(i ngno d pr es rgh a is wher i t r c ve fndi ue oc s i t t sue e nmae e ei d no punihme f mic s nt or s onduc c ge .The c twils t har ) our l ummaiy dimisDoughe t scams rl s s ry' li r r ngwr uldicplnay c r unde j1915 b)1 a fi ous egadi ongf s i i r hages r A( ( ) s rvol . e e Doug ry as ha no a tona e j1 cli ba e on hi perod of segr gat d het lo s ci bl 983 am s d s i c i m en . W he a de e nt i l w f l c onfne t n f nda s a uly onvi t a z c i d t pr s he l es a c ed td onfne o i on, os s gnii nti e e ti hi lbe t f r t pe i oft s nt nc G a t v.Tayl ,946 F. 3 i fca nt r s n s i r y o he r od he e e e. s on or 2d 40, 343( h Ci.1 ) To saeacli t theha apr ece lbe t i ees rlt t l -em 4t r 991 . tt am ha s ot td i ry ntr t eaed o ongtr a i s r tve co i m e ,an i a e m us fr t a l ge f c s de onsr t ng t t condii t dm ni ta i nfne nt nm t t i s le a t m ta i ha tons o wh c h wa s b e ti ta c n ie n sau c n tt t a d tpc la sg fc nth r s i ih e s u j c n h t o fn me t tt s o siue n û y ia nd iniia ad hp a on t i a e i r a i t t or na y i i nt of pr s lf ' Sa n v.Col e , 515 U . he nm t n el ton o he di r nc de s i on ie. ' ndi m r S. 472,484( 995) 1 . Doug ry f is t s he t a l o how t the ha a pr ec ed lbe t i er s r a ed t hi s gr ga e ha d ot t i r y nt e t el t o s e e t d confnem entst us. H e f l t of er any r pecti whi condii i det i present any i at ais o f es n ch tons n enton ed unus ual di fculy or di fi t scom f w hen com pared t ot V D OC confnem ent cat i ort o her i egor es. M or ove ,D o he t s alega i n t tofi i s m ai ai d hi i s gr ga i pas t e r ton e r ug ry' l t o ha fc al nt ne m n e e ton t he xpia i of hi de e i s t nc f r hi pr s di c plna y c r doe no pr s nt a f de a d s t nton en e e o s ion s i i r ha ges s t e e ny e r l ue pr s is a tona e unde j1 3. Se Ri o,907 F 2d a 1 oce s sue ci bl r 98 8 e cci t 469. The co tmus ur t . s m a iy di m i sD oug ry' c a m sr r ng hi dici i r s gr ato s a us um rl s s he t s l i ega di s s plna y e eg i n t t . C. Cof ee ood C orrect onalCent Cl m s f w i er ai Doughe t a rved a Cof e w ood on Aug t 30, 201 H e i m e a el a i f ry r i t fe us 3. m di t y ppled or sv rlprs nj bs b to fcaset ra v s d hm ta n p iin wee a alb eo d d n t e e a io o , u fiil i d ie i h t o osto s r v ia l r i o he r pond a a l D oug ry w a as i es t l. he t s sgned t a botom bunk i t r enty pr a a e of t o t n he e r ogr m r a he pr s n. Shor l t r afe ,howeve ,a pr a co e or na e M s Abbs i or ed hi t t io ty he e t r r ogr m uns l m d . nf m m ha be a e of hi e a i n a hi a he w as no s t bl f t r e r pr a a ea. Abbs c us s duc t o nd s ge, t uia e or he e nty ogr m r m ove hi t a uni des g t d f i a eswho a e ol rorha m e a o physca di a lte . d m o t i na e or nm t r de ve nt l r i l s biii s On Se e be 1 201 of i r ove he d D oug ry t l ng a t hi desr t w or pt m r 9, 3, fce s r ar he t a ki bou s ie o k a a s le he p. l m i o c obe , t y a r nge f D o he t t be t a f r ed, w ihout nd s tr d l n d- t r he r a d or ug ry o r ns e r t e a ton,ba k t t r enty pr a . H i bunk w a notvi i e f om t contol100t a xpl na i c o he e r ogr m s s sbl r he r 7 h, nd t ne da s m e sol f fo Doughe t sl ke . W he ofi i si or d Doug ry he xt y o one t e ood r m ry' oc r n fcal nf me he t t t he w as r uie t pa tc pat i t r e r pr r m ,he r f e s a i t t A bbs had ha eq r d o ri i e n he e nty og a e us d, t tng ha de m e hi uns t bl f t pr r m . He a s c pl i d a utt t t D e e ntA m i o e d m uia e or he og a l o om a ne bo he hef . f nda sn s d s w oul m ove Doug ry fom t t donu a i s i t t t f . Am i on t n as d ai he d he t r ha nd nve tga e he he t s he ke D o he t t w rt a l t e a ug ry o ie e t r bout w hy he di not wa t pa tci t i t r e r pr r m ; d nt o r i pa e n he e nt y og a i t d,Doughe t m ' e a lte sai ûlwilnotbe i ghe pr r m' a e ani why. nsea ry ot etr ttng C l n t l og a ' nd xpli ng ( Compl 39. . ) 8 The c tnot t tac r ng t t c pl i , when of i a s or r d D oug t t r t t a ge al our es ha co di o he om a nt fci l de e hery o e unz o ner popultoncel her f ed f tm es be us hedi notw a tat bunk. He c nnotr tblm eon ofk i sf hi ai l, e us our i , ca e d n op a es a f al or s lngty sgr gatonsa whe he c et r u et s ofe e ta fr t t gene a po aton e h e e i ty, n hos o ef s he e f r d r nse s o he r l pul i 12 Amion t n br ug a OP 11 e c r a i thi f r usng t pa tcpae i C s he o ht n 9() hage gans m or ef i o rii t n $ a r i ntalcognii c esde i tve ommuniy. (d. Do het ake t i tt i li tgaort l t ' l ) ug ry s d he nsiutona nvesi t o ook ' i t t s m atera r que t t i s i t r t a a asa w ines f t di c plna y he r ng. n o hi t nd e s ed he nve tga o o ppe r t s or he s i i r a i The hea i ofi e he d t tû t rt f ct't s i ony f om t i tga or was i m a era . H e rng f c r l ha i e he a ' e tm af r he nvesi t m t il al o r us d D oughe t s r que t f Abbs a a w ine s t t s iy a s ef e r y' e s or s t s o e tf bout he pr or fndi t r i i ng hat D oughe t w as uns t bl f t r nty pr r m . Ba e on a he ofi er s alege y ry uia e or he ee r og a sd not r fc ' l dl i c ur t sa e e t t D o he t di no wan t pa tc pa e i t r nty pr a , t na c a e t t m nt ha ug ry d t t o ri i t n he ee r ogr m he he i of i e f arng f c r ound hi guit oft of e e. D oughe t c ai st sconvi ton w asa vi a i m ly he f ns r y l m hi ci ol ton of O P 119,w hi h pr de t tt s of e e c Cs ul be us onl onc durng a c i d c ovi s ha hi f ns ode sho d ed y e i ontnue perodofr usl' ( i ef a.' Compl41. . ) D oughe t a s ha t oubl obt i ng phot opi of l gal wor whie a Cof e w ood. r y l o d r e a ni oc es e k l t fe D e e ntK it lm ie t num be ofphot opi Doughe t c d r ques a c r d hi f f nda t s i t d he r oc es r y oul e t nd ha ge m or il gi e c e a co e of flng f m s a pr s polc es The Supr m e Cour of V i g ni le bl opi s nd pi s ii or nd i on i i . e t ri a r quied D oughe t t r w rt a pe ii n be aus t c e he m a l d t t co tw e e il gi e, e r r y o e ie tt o c e he opi s ie o he ur r le bl a pr s of i i s woul no r und t m o e pa d f t il bl c pi . The lm i on nd i on f c al d t ef he ni s i or he legi e o es i t c e pe da ca e de a a i onve enc asDoughery pr pa ed hi s opi s r y us d l ys nd nc ni e t e r s ubmisonsf rt s si o hi j 1 a ton. 983 ci The cour tnds no a tona e co tt i l c a m s a i i fom D oughe t s a l ga i ti c i bl nsiutona l i r sng r r y' le tons a i tCofee od ofi a s Fis,Doughe t hasno c tt i lrghtt prs e o e , ga ns f wo tcil . r t ry onsiutona i o ion mpl ym nt Ada ,784 F. a 1 a ofier'asurnce a ttyngt fnd aj f Doug ry di ms 2d t 079, nd fc s s a s bou r i o i ob or he t d notce ea s hrght See e. ,He l v.Le s 1 Fed.App' 1 17 (t Ci.2005) rat ny uc i . , g. nsee wi, 53 x 79, 9 4h r (i ngt tal ato ofveba a ea haasmentbyguadsdonotsaea c tt i l fndi ha leg ins r l bus nd r s r tt ny onsiutona cam)( tngColi v.Cundv,603 F, 825,8 ( 0t Ci.1 . Unde j1 5A( ( ) t li cii lns 2d 27 1 h r 979) r 91 b)1,he c tw il s m a iy di m i s t s c a m s co e ni D oughe t s s r h f e pl m e at our l um r l s s he e l i nc r ng ry' ea c or m oy nt Cof eew ood as f vol f ri ous. Se nd,Doughe t hasnoa tona ej 1 cam c r ng t dici i r c r he co ry ci bl 983 li onceni he s plnay hage r e ve f r r f i t pa tc pa e i t r nty pr a a Co f e ood. U nde B a i ok, ec i d o e us ng o r i i t n he ee r ogr m t f e w r ls D oughe t c nno r ove t m one a y da a he r ques s a i t i vi l i ved i r y a t ec r he t r m ges e t ga ns ndi dua s nvol n brng ng a pr ec i t s cha ge. 5 U . a 646. H e ca i i nd os utng hi r 20 S. t nnotbr ng a s t f da a a i ui or m ges t t s tm e,be us hi a l ga i a hi i ca e s le tons boutt de ec s i t di c plna y pr e ngs i tue w oul he f t n he s i i r oce di , f r , d i lda e hi c nva i t s onvi t o a he of e s no e de t tt c c i n, nd fr vi nce ha he onvi ton f t c r e ha be n c i or he ha g s e s t a i or o he wi e ove t ned. 9 I . The cour w il s m a iy dim i s Doug t s c a m s e s de t r s rur d t l um r l s s hery' l i r r nghi dicplnaypr e i unde j 1 5A( ()a fi ous egadi s s i i r oc edngs r 91 b) 1 s rvol . Fi ly,D oughe t s c pl i s a na l r y' om a nt bout Cof e w ood phot py polc e a pr e s do fe oco i i s nd obl m notpr deafcua bassfra consiutona cl m.'gl i weletbls dt ti tsdo ovi a t l i o ny tt i l ai tlt s l sa ihe ha nmae no ha unlm ied r ght t phot pi or pho oco ng m ac nes' t ve i t i s o oco es t pyi hi . ' H a s v. ni on Mokea/ ovc 485 F.Supp.2d 652,658 ( S. 2007 (ii ohe c es. Si lry,t t M t ka, D. C. ) ctng t r as ) mial he c t fnds no c a m of c tt i l s gnii a our i li ons iutona i t c nce r l t d t D o he t s difculi s w ih ea e o ug ry' f i te t pho oco es he pur has be ng il gi e or hi be n c r t pi c ed i le bl s i g ha ged f phot opi of f m s a or oc es or nd polc es 1 D oughe t has not de ons r t d t t t a l ge i onveni e a del ys he ii . 0 ry m t a e ha he le d nc enc nd a e r e ed i ob a ni us bl pho oc e a Cof e w ood r ule i a ha m t hi e f t t xpe i nc n t i ng a e t opi s t f e es t d n ny r o s f or s o 9 I a eve t t c tc nno 5nd t tDoughe t salgai r fe tany pr edu aler sr lt t n ny n , he our a t ha ry' le tons e lc oc r ror eaed o t dicplnay cha g Doug ry a t t he r us d t pa tci e i t renty pr r m,whi ga t he s i i r r e. he t dmis hat ef e o ri pat n he e r og a ch ve he he i ofi e s t int e de arng tc r ufk e vi nce on whih t c ct a pe i Doughe t and t r us wine s s' c o onvi nd nalze ry, he ef ed t s e tsi n wa i tra t t i f ig. Hi , 7 U. . t4 5 M o e v r snc t sl 9 e c a g i t eo l s c e t y s mma e il o h s i n mo nd l 4 2 S a 5 . r o e , i e hi 1 ( ) h r e s h ny u h l c ge Doughe t ha r ceve durng hi pe i ofr usngt pa tci e i t Cofe har ry s e i d i s rod ef i o ri pat n he fewood r e l pr a ,t e nt' ogr m he y c tfndsno vi a i oft duplc t c r pr bii i OP 1l our i ol ton he i a e ha ge ohi ton n 9. 1 Do g e t sa s ri n t a t e ec r e v o ae p io p lce d n tp o ie a y b ssf ra j 1 8 0 u h ry' se t s h t h s ha g s i ltd rs n o i is o o r vd n a i o o 93 c ai . Ri ci 907 F. a 1 lm c o, 2d t 469. To t e entt tDoug ry i a l he xt ha he t s temptng t pu s a c ai under sa e l w i o r ue ny l m tt a ba ed on t s o a of t a l d polc vi a i he des rbe ,t c t de i t e r i e s e en a s he e r ny he lege iy oltons c i s he our clnes o xe c s upplm t l jrs ito o e s c cams Se 28U.. jl 6 () uidcin v r u h li . e SC. 3 7c. ltg e a vi bl l l c ai s i a c r , as r quied t br ng a a ce s t c ' c a m . ii at ny a e ega l m n ny ou t e r o i n c s o ouls l i t Cas y, 5l U . a 354. I e 8 S. t ndee Doughe ' doe not sat f c s i c tng t t a of t d, ly t s t e a t ndi a i ha ny he m uliude ofphot opi she s tt oc e oughtt pur has a Cof e w ood w e e ne es a y t hi i ta i n or o c e t fe r c s r o s nii to mea ngf pur ui of a lws t1 Fi di no f cual ba i he e f a consiutonal ni ul s t ny a ui. l n ng at ss r or ny tt i vi ai a tona e u r j 1 t c twils olton ci bl nde 983, he our l ummaiy dimis Doughe t s phooco rl s s ry' t py camsunde j l 5A( ( )a fi ous. li r 91 b)l s rvol 111 C O N C LU SIO N . Fo t e ra o sae t c u tds se Do g e t s c mplit wih u p eu ie r h e s ns ttd, he o r imis s u h ry' o an to t rj dc , purua t j 1 5A( ( ) a fi o .Thecekwils aco oft sme a um opi on s nt o 91 b)1, s rvolus lr l end py hi mornd ni a t a om pa ng or rt pl ntf . nd he cc nyi de o ai i f ENTER :Thi / N da ofJ y s 7 y ul , 2014. . . ' Chi U nied St es D it i J ef t at s rct udge 1 Doughe t ha no a i bl cam t tphot opy pr e sa Cofe 1 ry s ctona e li ha oc oblm t fewood pr ve ed hi fom tlng e nt m r ii ti cv la to beo e t sau e o l tto b r e hi l i ai n o h s j 1 8 cams a an tt e F ifx h s i i ci n f r he tt t f i ains a r d s i g to f i 9 3 l i g i s h ara mi t d fn a t. Se l( ,s p a Do h ry' o sbmiso si iaeta h di n tarv a Cofe o u tl ee d ns e lA) u r . ug e t s wn u sin ndc t h t e d o rie t fe wo d ni Augus 2013, s ver m ont afe t s a ut of lm ia i on t Faif x cl i s expie i Febr y 201 t e al hs tr he t t e i t tons he r a a m rd n uar 3. M or ove,Doughe t srghtt ac s t co t doe noti ude a rgh t brng a myra of u eaed a e r ry' i o ce s he urs s ncl ny i t o i id nr lt nd f i ous c ai s a ns 20 def nda s f o tu'e dif en pr s f ciii s i vi a i of num e ous f der rvol l m gai t e nt r m l e fer t ion a lte , n ol ton r e al p oce alr es Thec 'notst tt sa i i t s condsu v u i ,fiol sc pli Doughe t has r dur ul . oul e ha hi cton s he e t ch olm nous rv ou om ant ry fld i t i c u t S e Do a e t v Co n at o Viani.e a . No 7:2 0 49 ( . Va Fe .2 , i n hs o r. e u h rv . mmo we l f r i a t l . 1 CV0 5 W D. . b 7 e h , 2 3 . Do g et i a vie ta fl a oh rs c fioo c mpan,mi onngcamsa d d fn a t, y 01 ) u h ry s d s d h t ii n te u h rv lus o lit s ii li n ee d ns ma ng j r ul i s tons es t n anc i . 15

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