Thornton v. Zych, No. 7:2014cv00065 - Document 3 (W.D. Va. 2014)

Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 02/25/2014. (kab)

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G F*T8 OFFI U,. ST,A I CE : DI P r AT :OANRKE, VA ç,. FE 25 2 1 B . ;4 I TH E U N I D STATE S D I N TE STR I C O U RT CT FO R TH E W E STER N D I STR I O F VI G I I CT R N A R O A NO K E D I I O N V SI HAROLD A TH ORNTON, J A u ' z, t CLERK ULi ' - .. ' , BY: ! oej R euv K CASE NO .7: 4CV00065 1 Pe i i r t tone , V. M EM O M NDUM O PI ON NI CH W STO PH ER ZY C H ,W A R DEN , By: H on.G l n E .Conr e ad Chi U nied St esD i t i Judge ef t at s r ct R e ponde . s nt Ha ol J Thom t a f r li ae pr ee ng pr K ,fl d t spe ii f r a wrtof r d . on, ede a nm t oc di o ie hi tton o i . h be sc mu , t s a tt 2 U. C.j2 41 c aln igt ec lu ai n o t lf s ne c h a a o s pz u n o 8 S. r 2 , h le gn h ac lto f he ie e tn e e i no sr ng.M or s iial Thor onase t t thema pr ee t rj2241t r pe s w e vi e pecfc ly, nt s rs ha y oc d mde o eo n pr ee ngsonhi motont va ae,stasdeorcore tt s ntnceunde 28U. C.j2255,i oc di s i o ct e i rc he e e r S. n a he cour. Upo r vi w oft r c d,t cour sz a iy dim is t pe ii f lc of not r t n e e he e or he t lmm rl s s es he tton or a k s b e t te j s ito u j c ma tr midcin. I Tho nt saest thewasc de i 1 i t Unie Stt DititCo tf rt r on tt ha onvi d n 998 n he t d aes src ur o he M i eDititofFl i ofmuli eofe e r l t t dr tafi ki pos es i ofa fr a m ddl src orda tpl f ns s e aed o ug r fc ng, s son ie r asa c de f on, a r lt d ofe es1 The Cour s t nce hi t lf asa n me c r r onvi d el nd e ae f ns . t en e d m o ie n r d a ee c i na unde 18 U. C. j924() ba e on pror vi e f ony co ci . Thomt rmi l r S. e, s d i olnt el nvitons on a ppea e a t c tofa l d, nd he our ppeasafime l fr d.Thor t alo purued a moton t va a e,s tasde n on s s i o ct e i orcore tt sntnc unde 28U. C.j2255,whiht dititco tde e i 2004. r c he e e e r S. c he src ur nid n 1 Becaus Thor on i i ar aed att Unied St t Pe t i y i Lee Count , Vigi a nt s nc cer t he t a es nientar n y r ni e CUSP Le ' ,t s c u th pes a j rs ito o e t r s nd n na d i Tho o s j22 e' hi o r as ron l u idcin v r he e po e t me n mt n' ) 41 petton. ii l h sj2 41p tto ,Th r tn a srst tt e j2 41 te c u ts o d r o n hi n i 2 eiin o no se t ha md r 2 , h o r h ul e pe s j2255pr ce ngsa r uc hi sntnc be aus hei t cual i o edi nd ed e s e e e, c e s % t ly nnoce 'ofbei a nr d a nt' ng n me c r e c i na,i lg to Be a v.Untd S ae ,5 3 U..1 7 (0 )( odngt a whehe ae r rmi l n i h f g v ie tts 5 S 3 2 08 h li h t t r d fnd n ' p iro fn e i ci o viln e frp r o e o e h n e n u e j9 4 i ee a ts ro fe s s rme f oe c o u p s s f n a c me t nd r 2 /) s de e mi d by how 1w defnest tofe eand nothow de enda m i ha co mit i o a t r ne a ha f ns f nt ght ve m ted t n pa tcla oc aso . Spe ikal Thomt ase t t talhoug he wa c ce ofbatr ritlr c in) ct ly, on s rs ha t h s onvitd tey a i ta 1 e or m e ofi r hi c ga ns aw nf ce nt fce , s onduc wa nota t ly vi e ,be aus he ace i s lt s c ua l ol nt c e td n e f de e e a di notsrke t ofk e . The e or he as e t,hi ofe e s d notha bee f ns nd d ti he t r r f e, s rs s f ns houl ve n c e a a pr c t f e nc men ofhi s nt e unde j924() Thomtn as r ie ountd s ediae or nha e t s e enc r e. o lo as s c am s of i fe i a ssnnc of c ms l a pr ec ora m ic li ne f ctve s if e ot e nd os ut i l s onduc durng hi f de al t i s e r c i nalpr ee ngs rmi oc di . 11 Alhough Thomt fld t scai unde j 2241 hei i fc atc ng t l alt of t on ie hi l m r , s n a t ta ki he eg iy , r t r t n t e c i of hi c cton a s nt nc The l alt of one' c a he ha he xe uton , s onvi i nd e e e. eg iy s onvi t o a c i n nd s n e c mu tb c aln e u d r 28 U. C.j 2 5 u ls the r me y b mo in ( n e e tn e s e h le g d n e S. 25 ne s ç e d y to u d r t j2 5 1i ia e u t o iefciet t s te lg lt o hsd tnin. 28U. C.j2 5$; 2 5 s n d q ae r n fe tv o e t h e aiy f i ee t ' o ' S. 25 4 s eI r Vil 1 5 F.d 1 9 1 9 (t Ci.9 7 ( b n ) Fo ter a o ssae , mt n e n e a, 1 3 1 2, 1 4 4h r1 9 ) 0 a c . r h e s n tt d Tho o hasmadeno s h s uc howi ng. Se ton 2255 i not r nde e i de e o i f c i m e e y be us a pe ii r i ci s e r d na quat r nefe tve r l ca e ttone s p o e u al bardfo fln aj2 5 mo in Vil 1 5F.da 1 9 . r c d rly re r m ig 2 5 to . a, 1 3 t 1 4 ( ci 2255 i i de t a i fe tve t t tt lgalt ofa conviton Se ton) s na quae nd ne fci o es he e iy ci whe ( )a t tmeoft c ci s tld 1 oft scr tort Suprme n: 1 t he i he onviton, ete aw hi icui he e Co r e tbih d t e lg l y o t e c n ito ( )s b e u n t te p io e ' u t sa l e h e ai f h o vcin; 2 u s q e t o h rs n rs s t die ta ala frtj 2255 moton,t s tntve 1w c nge s h t tt r c ppe nd is i he ubsa i a ha d uc ha he c nd to whc tep io e wa c n itdi d e dn tt b c i na; n ( ) o uc f ih h rs n r s o vce s e me o o e rmi l a d 3 t p io e c n o stsyt eg tk e n p o iin o j2 5b c u et en w he rs n r a n t aif h ae e pig r v so s f 25 e a s h e r l i no oneofco tt i llw. ue s t nsiutona a I r J ne ,226F. 328( h Ci. neo s 3d 4t r 2000) l t sc s ,Thor t i no a et s tsy t s ond . n hi a e non s t bl o aif he ec pr ong of t J s t t be us t s tntve 1w has no c nge s t t hi c he one es ca e he ubsa i a t ha d o ha s onduc t t ryi a ofhi c di ns f dr g ta t ki pos es i ofa fr n m a a c c e mde l ng ny s onvi o - or u r fk ng, s son ie r s onvit d f l n,a ot rc r - i no l nge c i i l e o nd he ha ges s o r rm na . Thor on' t c ua i nt s i t l nnoce e' c am , a s ri t t hi one or m o e of hi pror a nc ' l i s e tng ha s r s i c ci s d notha be n us d t e nc hi s ntnc i lghtofBe y,i una ii onvi tons houl ve e e o nha e s e e e n i ga s valng. The Unie Stt s Cour of Appeas f t Fourh Cic t hasno e e d t r ac oft td ae t l or he t r ui t xt nde he e h he s vi c a et i l t epe ii r c le ng onl t rs t nce Da den v.St phe , a ngs l us o ncude hos ttone s hal ngi y hei en e . r e ns 4 6 F. p' 1 3 *12 (t Ci. r 2 , 01 )( e lnn t e tn j2 5ss vng ca et 2 Ap x 7 , - 4 h r Ap . 9 2 1 d ci ig o x e d 25 ' a i s lus o i l cai t tprorc ci no l ri a c i ofvi e a no apr pe pr di t f ncude l m ha i onvi ton onge s rme olnce nd t o r e ca e or e h n e n t frn m po s sin sn e c a ac r e o f n e)(i n Untd S ae v. o e n a c me t o ie r se so e tn e s ae r fe d r ct g ie tts Po l, i 5 F.d 2 3 2 n 7( t Ci. 0 8 ( u tto o te l; ie Sae v Pet o d, 2F.d 31 3 6 , 67 . 4h r 2 0 ) q oain mitd) Untd tts . ti r 61 3 f 270,28 (t Ci.201 ( di t t t c- li ce e a i i t c e of ha t l 4 4h r 0) hol ng ha ç t nno nc pples n he ontxt a ua biua ofe rpr sonsonl whe e t c le t e i biiy se s fom f c ua i enc oft fnde ovii y r he ha lnge o lgi lt t m ' r a t l nnoc e he pr c t c i , notfom t l alca st tonoft prdiaec i o Hur v. ade ediae rmes and r he eg lsikai he e c t rmes' ); d W r n FCI Esil No 0 1 -v 6 2 RM G,2 1 W L 2 2 8 ,* ( S. Ma 2 2 1 (t a v tl, . : 1c - 0 01 0 0 81 2 D. C. y 4, 01 ) G a Be add e s onl s nt ncng is a doe no i ve t i lda i of a conviton or r s es y e e i sues nd s t nvol he nva i ton ci dec i i lz ton of pe ii rs a tvii s s i c nnot be t bass unde Fourh Cic t rm na ia i ttone ' c i te , o t n he i r t r ui p e e n f ra agl n t tt j2 5 rme y i i d q aeo i fe t e',a pd 4 5 F. r c de t o n r t t ha he 2 5 e d s na e u t r nef ci . f . 6 me v ) App' 229 ( h Ci.201 . Tho on doe notprs ntf i cai t the i f c l x 4t r 2) mt s e e ads ndi tng ha s a maly i e ofany of t of e es f w hi h he s a co c e or t the i f c ua l i nnoc nt he f ns or c t nds nvi t d ha s a t ly nnoc nt of e a oft pro c c i on whi h t c tr le i e nci hi s nt nc Ther f e,t ny he i r onvi tons c he our e id n nha ng s e e e. e or he 3 c tc l st thehasno stsi t J sciei t esabls t tj2255i ti de t our oncude ha t aifed he one rtra o t ih ha s çna quae ori feci t t s t lga iy ofhi de e i 's a t a l hi t pr ce d wih hi cai ne f tve o e t he e lt s t nton' o s o low m o o e t s l m u d rj2 41 ne 2 . Alhough t c tco d co t et a ton a a j2255 moton a ta fri t t t he our ul nsnz he ci s i nd r nse t o he s ne cn c u tf r d s osto ,te c u tc n o fn t a t itrss o j sie j siy a e tn ig o r o ip iin h o r n n t i d h t he ne et f u tc u tf ta fr Tho on saes t the ha ale y purued hi i talj2255 moton a f l t rnse . mt tt ha s rad s s nii i nd ais o de ons r e t t a c tof a a s ha c r ii d t the m a pur ue a s ond o s c s ve m tat ha ny our ppe l s e tf e ha y s ec r uc es i j2 5 moi n o a y g o n . Se 2 U. C.j2 5 49. Th rf r ,a a j2 5 moin, 2 5 to n n r u d e 8 S. 2 51 eeo e s 25 t o Thom t spe ii n woul m e e y bedimi s d ass ce sve on' tto d rl s se uc s i . F rt e r ao sae ,t ec u tds se Thon o sp tto wih u p eudc . Th o h e s ns ttd h o r imis s r t n' eiin t o t rj ie e Clr i die t d t s e k s r c e o end c e of t s m e o and opi o a ac mpa ng o de t opi s hi m r um ni n nd co nyi r r o peii ner tto . ENTER :Ths k$ & d yo Fe nzr 20 4. i a f b ay, 1 ChifUnied St t Diti tJ e t aes src udge

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