Whited v. Yates, No. 7:2013cv00071 - Document 7 (W.D. Va. 2013)

Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Michael F. Urbanski on 3/8/2013. (tvt)

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CLERK' OFFI U.s.Dl X uRT : CE sT. ATROANOKE, VA FIED L MAq 1 12 1 03 I THE UNI N TED STATES DI STRI COURT CT FO R TH E W EST ERN DI STRI T O F V I I I BK C RG N A JULI .D L , ERK RO AN O K E DI SI N VI O W CL ERK H E R ALD W H ITED , Pl ntf ai if, V. BM N D O N YA TES, D efendant . ) ) ) ) ) ) ) C i lA cton No.7: cvvi i 13- 00071 M EM OM NDUM OPI ON NI By: H on.M i hae F. rbans c l U ki U nie St e Di t i tJudge t d at s s r c He a d W hie aVigi a i t pr e ngpr K , ie a cvi rght Com pli t rl t d, r ni nma e oce di o fld i l i s an pzs a t o4 U. C. 1 3wi u id cinv se i 2 U. C. 1 43 Plitf n me l u n t 2 S. j 98 t rs ito e td n 8 S. j 3 . anif a s r hj Br ndon Ya e ,aShe if sDe y ofRus elCot y,a t s ede e nt Thi ma tri a ts rf put s l mt s he ol f nda . s te s beor t cou tf s reni ptrua t 28U. C.j1 5A.Afe rviwi pl ntf f e he r or ce ng, ls nt o S. 91 tr e e ng ai ifs s b sins tec u t imis st eCo litwih u p eu ief rfiigt saeacam u miso ,h o r d s se h mp an t o t rj dc o al o tt li n upon whih r i maybe gr nt d. c elef a e Pl i ifa l gest f l i i o ton i t Com pl i : a ntf le he olow ng nf nna i n he a nt Ya e s ewa r nt f rHe ad W hiedi whi h he s r hehadpr bl c us t s wor ra s o r l t n c wo e oba e a e t a r tM r W hie W he i f theha no r as wha s vert tkewa r nt o res . t d. n n ac d e on toe o a ra s f rM r W hi de c p h t ug th wa d iigac r Hes i a tilgh t he o . t x e t e ho h e s rvn a . ad tra t aj e c d note n t li i wa am a orwom a De y Ya e vi atd M r W hie s oul ve el f t s n n. put t s ol e . t d' co tt i Fo t Am e nsiutonal urh ndmen rght .Hi le ha ca e M r W hiedt l e t i s s i s ve us d . t o os h sh me j b, t . i o ,o ec The c t us di m i sa ac i orc ai f l d by a i a e i i de e m i s t tt our m t s s ny ton l m ie n nm t f t t r ne ha he a to orcl m i fi ousorf ist sa eacai onwhi h r le m a begr nt d.Se 28 cin ai s rvol al o t t l m c e if y a e e U. C. j 1 5 e( ) 1 5 b)1; 2U. C. 1 9 ec .Th frtsa d r i cu e cams S. j 91 ()2 , 91 A( () 4 S. j 9 7 () e is tn ad n ld s li bas d upon ta i i put bl m e il s l alt y,' t a m s ofi rnge e ofa l li e e t e t n nd s a y rtes eg heor ' ( i cl nf i m nt ega nt r s w hi h cl l doesnotexi t' or cl m swher t 'f ualcont i are cl l bas ess.' c eary s ,' ai e he sact ent ons eary el ' Netkev.W ila ,490U. 31 327( 98 .Thes ondsa r i t fmiirsa r fr iz lims S. 9, 1 9) ec tnda d s he n la tnda d o amotont dimisunderFe rlRul ofCi lPr e e 1 b)6 ,a ce i apl ntf i o s s dea e vi oc dur 2( () c ptng ai ifs f t la l to astu A c acua legai ns r e. ompl i nee û s t pli sae e oft cli s wi ant ds $ hor and a n t tm nt he am ho ng a t t h p e d ri e tte t rle ' n s t e tt ta ta alg to s. .oriearg t o ha t e la e s nild o eif a d uf n ll cu l le ain . t as ih t ki l r i a t s c ai l l ... BelAt.Cor v.Twombl 550U. 544,555( ) elef bove he pe ultve eve. ' l l p. ' y, S. 2007 (n en lq oainmak o te ) A p anifsb ssf rrle çe ur smo eta lb l a d itr a u tto r s mitd . litf' a i o eif d q ie r h n a es n r c l i .... I The ef e apl i ifmus tal gef c ss fce t sa ea1 t eeme s oncusons ' d. r or , antf ' t 'le a t ufi int o tt 1 he l nt ' of(he cli .1 Bassv E.. t l am ' IDupontdeNe s& Co.324F. 761,7 ( h Ci. mour , 3d 65 4t r 2003) . . Tosaeacam t rj1 3, pli ifmus alegeGhevi ainofarghtsc e by tt li mde 98 a antf t l t olto t i e ur d t Consiuton a lwsoft Unie Stt s a mus s t tt alege de i ton wa he tt i nd a he t d a e , nd t how ha he l d prva i s c mmitdb ap ro a t u d rc lro saelm ' W e tv At n , 8 U.. 2 4 ( 9 8 . o te y es n ci n e o o f tt a ' s . kis 4 7 S 4 , 8 1 8 ) ng The Fou t A m e rh ndm e r quiest ta a r s be m a bas upo pr bl c us Se e. , nt e r ha n r e t de ed n oba e a e. e. g. U. Co s. me d I Be kv. i , 7 U. 8 , ( 9 4) P an ifme eyc n ld sta S. n t n n .V; c Oh o 3 9 S. 9 91 1 6 . litf r l o cu e h t Ya e t d no r a on' t a r s hi ,a t tc l i al i notpr s nty s t i ntt s a e ts i ha e s ' o r e t m nd ha onc uson one s e e l ufk e o t t avi ai oft Fo t Ame me .Se Two v,55 U. a 555(tAjpli ifsoblgai olton he urh nd nt e mbl 0 S. t t( antf' i ton t pr det t ounds ofhi çntteg njt r i r uiesmor t nlbesa c l i , o ovi he gr ' s e il me t o elef eq r e ha a l nd oncusons a af muli rciai oft ee nt o ac us ofacinwilnotdo'.Ac or ngy, nd or ac e tton he lme s f a e to l ' c di l ) 'Detr ni whet rac emi ng he ompli saesaplusbl cam f r le i (ac e -pect ts t tr r st ant tt a i e li or eif s & ontxts ik a k ha equie he rve n c u tod a o is u iil x ein ea dc mmo sn e' As r t .q a, 5 U. 6 2 . ,1 9S e iwig o r t rw n tj dca e p re c n o n e s . hcofv lb l5 6 S. 6 , ' 2 . Ct 1 3 ,1 5 (0 9 .Th s ac u t ce nn ac mplitu d rRul l b)6) a i niype dn t t r n t . 9 7 9 0 2 0 ) u , o r sre ig o an n e e 2( ( c n de tf la igsha ae o en ildt a asumptonoftut bec et conss ofno mo et n lbesa co l i .1 Alhoug t tte o n s i r h aus hey it r ha a l nd ncusons d. t h he cour lbe al co tue pr >çc mplit, i sv. re, 0 U.. 9 5 021(9 2 ,h c u t o sn t c a ti r ly nsr s o .. o an sHane Ken r4 4 S 51 , 2 - 1 7 )te o r d e o a t s t i a c' ad a e,s s nt de l ns s a t or a c ttzi lcl i st i a e f ie t clary r i e o he nm t s voc t ua po e ve opi t tz y nd onsittona a m he nm t a l d o e l a s n t tefc o tec mpan.S eBrc v. rol 1 7F.d2 , 4 (t Ci. 9 7 ( u t , .c n urng; a et h a e f h o lit e o k Car l, 0 3 41 2 3 4h r 1 9 ) L ti J, o c ri )Beud t g v. t o Ha tn 7 5F.d1 4, 27 (t Ci. 98 ) Se as God nv Lek , 7 F. 1 4 ,1 51( t Ci. Ciy f mpo , 7 2 27 1 8 4h r 1 5. e lo r o . e e 5 4 2d 1 7 l 4h r 1 7 )(e o nzn ta adsrc c u tsn te p ce t a smet r l o a v ct frap oK panig. 9 8 rc g iig h t itit o r i o x e td o su he oe f d o ae o r litf p an ifsCo an i d s se wih u p eu iefrfiigt saeacam u o whc r l f litf' mplit s imis d t o t rj dc o aln o tt li p n ih ei e m a be gr nt d, purua t 28U. C. 1 A( ( ) y a e 2 s nt o S. j 915 b)1. The Clr i die t d t s nd c pi oft sM e o a e k s r c e o e o es hi m r ndum Opi on a t a c pa ng ni nd he c om nyi Or rt pl i if de o a ntf . ENTER:Thi s da ofM arh,201 y c 3. r / / 'im. /.1r X. w . 1 # 2 ' Unie St t sDiti tJ t d a e src udge 2Plitf i advie t a f t ec ai s dad et Ruls8a 1 oft Fe r Rul ofCi l an if s s d hat ny uur ompl nt houl her o e nd 0 he de al es vi Pr dtr ,whih r r t s ta pli sae ntoft cam s ngt tt pl deri e il t r le 'obe oce le c equie ç hor nd an ttme a he li howi ha he ea s ntted o eif t stouti n ber pa a a ea h lm ie t asngl stofcrum sa es e n um ed r gr phs, c i td o i e e ic tnc .

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