Batten v. Clark, No. 7:2012cv00547 - Document 15 (W.D. Va. 2013)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Samuel G. Wilson on 6/11/2013. (tvt)
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rappm OFFI t. . sm r I . CE JS Dl n ATROANOC , VA FI LED J 11 2 1 UN 23 I TH E UNI N TED STA TES DISTRI CO URT CT FO R T H E W E STER N D IST RI T O F V I G I I C R N A ROANOK E DI I O N V SI W I AM G REG ORY BATTEN , LLI JULI . A BY; L LERK L K C i lA ct on N o.7: v00547 vi i 12c Pet t oner, ii $ 2254M EM O M NDUM OPI ON NI V. H A R O LD W .C LA R K E, R espondent . By:Sam ue G .W is l l on U nie St e D i t i tJudge t d at s s r c W ilam Gr y Ba t n,a Vigi ai a epr ee ngpr se brngst spe ii f li egor te r ni nm t oc di o , i hi tton or wrtofha asc puspurua t 28U. C.j2254,c l nghi c ci a s e e i be or s nt o S. halengi s onviton nd entnc i t Cic tCour ofM adion Count Vigi a,f a t m ptng t obt i m oney by f s n he r ui t s y, r ni or te i o an ale prt esfom hi i ur ri vi ai ofVa.Codej 18. 78.Batenr iessxcli s eens r s ns e n olton 2-1 t as i am ' . f i f tve- s it our nefec i a s sance- ofcouns lcl m s apr ec oralm i c e ai , os ut i s onductc a m ,and a cl m li ai t tt ti c ta ed isdi c e i ' ha he ral our bus t s r ton. î The Vigi a Supr m e Coul f r ni e ' ound t tt f t ha he our i f tve- s it nefec i a s sancecl i sf ie on t rm e isunde Sti kl v.W as ngt 466 am ald hei rt r rc and hi on, U. 6 ( 98 )a d t a Batnp o e ur lyde a le hi pr s c t ra - s o d ta S. 68 1 4 n h t te r c d al f u td s o e u o ilmic n uc nd a u e o - ic ein camsu e Slv o v. ri a , 5Va 27 ( 9 4) a dt r f r b s - fd s r to li nd r a t n Pa rg n 21 . 1 7 , n hee o e dimis dBat n speii n.Thi c ur fnd t a t eVig n aS pr meCo r' a j d c to s s e te ' tto s o t i s h t h rii u e u ts d u iai n ofBaten' i f t ve- s s a c ai s w a notc r r t oran unr s bl a i ton t s nef ec i as i t nce l m s ont a y o, ea ona e pplca i of cl l esabls f de a l w,a di notr ul i a dec son t twa ba ed on a , eary t ihed e r l a nd d es t n i i ha s s n unr ona e det r i ton oft f t . The cour alo fndst Ba t n pr edur ly eas bl e m na i he ac s t s i hat te oc al de aul e hi r m ai ng cl m s pur uantt a ade t a i f t d s e ni ai s o n qua e nd ndependents a e pr dur t t oce al r e. A cc di y,t cour g a s t r s ul or ngl he t r nt he e pondent s m oton a di m i s Ba t n' pe ii ' i nd s s es t e s t ton. 1. Bewe n 1 a 2002, te s t e 999 nd Ba tn oughtt r co rfom hi i ur r Norht n Ne k o e ve r s ns e , t r c l urnc Co ny(s t m Ne k',f vai l s a hi p i r r i ncei M a s ns a e mpa t he Nor c ' or rous oses t s rmay esde n dion ) Count Vigi a. On Dec mber30,2002,M a s Cot y She ifsLiut na Donad F. y, r ni e dion mt rf e e nt l M i hae,J .e mt r Ba tn whiee u i as a c wa r n a t tr i nc Plrua tt c l r, ncot e ed te l xec tng e r h r a t t ha tsde e. zs n o t twa r nt a t ii s i e f t s n fr r sa c ha ra , u hortes e z d ory-eve iea m nd ompie a i nt r oft efr r , ld n nve o y hos ien ms lsi t by m a mode , lbe ,a s ra num be .Thos fr n msr itng hem ke, l cai r nd e i l r e ie r emai d i t ne n he pos e so oft M ad s Coun y She ifsOfi e. s s i n he i on t rf ' fc Ye slt r i J of2008,Bate rpored t t Be or Count She ipsOfi t t ar a e , n une tn e t o he df d y rf fce ha heha bee t vitm ofablr a y a hi s onda y r i nc i Be or Cot y.De t tve d n he c i zglr t s ec r esde e n df d mt tci W e y Fi h me wih Ba t a c nd nc t t ten nd ompied als ofie sBa tn c am e we e soln.Tra t. l it t m te l i d r t e il r 1 -58. Ba tn l tra d ie st t sls .Am ong o he ie s Ba tn c am e t l sof 51 te ae dde t m o hi it t r tm , te l i d he os s ve fr n m s B a tn fl d a c a m f hi l s sw ih hi i ur ra t tm e Roc ng m e n i e r . te i e l i or s os e t s ns e t he i , ki hn M uu l n u a c Co a yCt o kng a M uu l , n s b te t a e a n to t e ta l s r n e mp n l c i h m t a' a d u mitd o n x miain md r k ) oa h i co c i w ih t c a m s i s i ton. Tra t .1 t n nne ton t he l i nve tga i i l r 41. A grndj yrt ne tvef onyi cme sa ns Batna ii outofhi i ur nc a ur eur d i el ndit nt gai t te rsng s ns a e cams t c u t o p ru y t c u t o atmp e isla c fa d a d o c u t f li :wo o n s f ej r ,wo o n s f te td n lrn e ru , n ne o n o i tr nc fa TheCic tCour ofM a s Cot y,Vigi a, ns i t d f ti lo c mt nsla e r ud. r ui t dion mt r ni co olda e or ra ne ot ofa tmptngt ob ai mone by f lepr e e fom Rocki m M ut li 2008a one te i o t n y a s etns s r ngha ua n nd c ountofobti ng m o y by f lepr t esfom Norhe nN e k I ur nceCompa bewe n a ni ne a s eens r t r c ns a ny t e 1 a 200 .1 Atti , t Commonwe t con e d t ts eoft fr a m sBa tn 999 nd 2 ral he alh t nde ha om he ie r te cl i e w e e sol n i 2008 we e t s e lr n m st tl w e or em e pe s m e s i e i am d r t e n r he am i e r ha a nf c nt r ol l e z d n 1Thec r ofobt ni moneyby f s pr e e âom Norhe nNec se d fom a i m a ecli hage ai ng ale etns s tr k t mme r n ns nc am tld f rpr ry da gedi a 1 fr ie o ope t ma n 999 le. 2 2002. Roc ng m M ut lc am si si t M a t w Cs dy t tfedt tBa tn pr ded ki ha ua l i -nve tgaor the a esii ha te ovi oner eptf aRe i on t ode 597M ag ec i or m ngt s M l num . W . . cai rrfe'a f lrm a l 22 M R. lbe il ' nd oz nua s f ot rtr a msheha r td soln durngt 2008btr a y. The M ode 5 r eptha a or he i e r d epore t e i he lglr l 97 ec i d lr UPC ba c a c ai d t number: 318 .'Ba tn a s s i d us m a s a ge r ode nd ont ne he 1 291 2M ' te lo upple er nual f aBr or owni Se iAut ai lil 1300wi ca , a Encor 50 c i muzzel de lfe, ng m - om tc tfe 1 n l' n ' e alber l oa r ' l a i M a ln M ode 336C 30/ lvera ton rte a a St r Ruge M - M a k 1 bol- c i rfe. ri l 30 e - c i il , nd um r 77 r 1 ta ton il La e i t t l Li ut na M i ha lt tfe aboutt 2002 s r h ofB a t n' M a s n Count t r n he da , e e nt c e esii d he ea c t e s di o y r i nc M i ha i ntfe t iemsr c r d durng t ts a c n ong t m aRe i o esde e. c el de ii d he t e ove e i ha e r h, m he m ngtn 597 wih t s ra num be 1 t he e il r1 291318 ,' c ma c t s ra nlm be oft Re ngt 2M 'whi h t hed he e i l l r he mi on 597 r po td sol n i 2008.Acc di t t e de ,t tpa tc a fr nn i f c ha e re t e n or ng o he vi nce ha riul r ien n a t d r i d i t M a s Co t Sherf ' Ofi esnc 2002. ema ne n he dion un y ifs fc i e Ba tn' s Ra Bat n,t tfed f rt def e.De e eco els te s on, ndy te esii o he ens f ns uns howed Ra ndy Ba tn t muz l -oa ra s g t twe es i d durngt 2002 s a c Ra Ba tn te he z e l de nd hot un ha r eze i he e r h. ndy te cli d t t fr n we e dif r ntfom t tr m ssoln f o hi f t r sBe or a me he wo ie nns r fe e ' he s en m t e r m s a he ' df d r Co mt r sde ei 2008.Dmi t Co monwe t sc os - xa na i Ra y Batn t y e i nc n ng he m alh' r s e mi ton, nd te t sii d t tt fr rmssol n dm i t 2008 Be or Count br k-n we ehi fr r a e tfe ha he ien t e ng he df d y ea i r s iea ms nd t thewa notd di t m' f rhi f t r Tralt. ha s t ng he ' o s ahe . i r 201.Afe t def ns r t d,t hol tr he e e ese he Comm onweat c le i r buta wine sDe sDods oft Vigi a St t Polc Dods lh a ld n e tl t s nni on he r ni ae ie. on t tfe t thei e vewe Ba tn' s o J y 21 2009. Tralt. esii d ha nt r i d te s on n ul , i r 205.Acc di t Dods or ng o on, durng t ti e v e Ra Ba tn ha s i t thi f he di no ha a fr a m ssor at i ha ntr i w, ndy te d ad ha s at r d t ve ny ie r t ed t Be or Count r sde ,t thewasnothol ng a fr a m sf rhi f t r a t tno he df d y e i nce ha di ny ie r o s ahe , nd ha fr a m swe e soln i t b e k-n. Tra t. ie r r t e n he r a i i l r 206. Cic sa i le de i t f m ofus r r um t nta vi nce n he or e m a salo c r atd t Comm onwe lh' cl m t aut ii ha i f ts z i 2002 nual s orobor e he at s ai hat hortes d n ac eied n 3 va i fr a m sB a t n aleg w e e s ol n i 2008. W iln Ba t n di nott tf durng t r ous i e r t e l ed r t e n li m te d esi y i he til ra . l cl i a gum e ,Baten' c ms lmai ane t toneoft s g mss z i 2002 n osng r nt t s ot e nt i d ha he hot t eied n wa ad fee t d ln mb r( mo e 1 0 fo t es o g nBatncame t h v b e s ifrn mo e u e a d l 2 ) r m h h t u te li d o a e e n sol n i 2008. The durngt Com monwe lh' r buta cl i t f l wi e ha e t t e n n, i he at s e tl osng, he olo ng xc ng ook Pl e: ac CO M M O N W EA LTH ' A TTORN EY :.. .. The e' no e de e be or you t S r s vi nc f e o c nsd r s d n' g o tgrapig f rti so te e a d h tls a o tt e o i e, o o t o u lls n o hng n h r n e ak b u h s opeson t i tr nc i nt y. W he yo l a t e gt ,t r a e s m e c he nsla e nve or n u ook t hes ms he e r o s opesdown beow butno oft s gt he e a e lse wih s ope on t m,s c l ne he e ms r r it d t c s he o t t n' ltt tr d heri t o yo of eiher aswe l a t mode 1 ha--do t e ha e rng hr w u f t , l, nd he l 2, t ts wha M r Ba tn wr e do ha ' t . te ot wn,a W i hese M odel 1 i' a . 2 ga . nc tr 2, ts 1 uge W he you l a t s rf ' ofi ,t y di i a ur t l and di i rght The e n ook t he he if s fce he d t cc a ey d ti . r i no s t ng a a m ode 1 The put do n ano he m ode m l be 1 . 2 s uch hi s l 2. y w t r l m r 20 1 ga W i heser uge nc t . BATTE ' ATTORNEY: j cin Yol Ho o , o i e i e c . NS Ob e to , t n r n t n v d n e r THE COURT: ' 1t h j r de i ewha t ee i e c i. 11 e t e u y cd 1 th vd n e s BATTEN ' ATTORNEY:W el, mea he' s yi t r i no s h t ng. S l l n, s a ng he e s uc hi THE COU RT:W e ll,BA TTEN ' A TTORN EY : I don' r c l a e de e s yi t r s no s h S t e al ny vi nc a ng he e' uc t ng asa M odel1 hi 2. THE COURT:11 s san te o jcin t t a f r o te a gl n . Thee ' u ti h be to o h t o m f h r l t 1 me r c ran ywa n e ie et t a- t ej r wil ir g r ta. etil s o vd nc o h t h u y ld se ad h t COM M ON W EA LTH ' A TTORN EY :I a of you a e f m ii r w ih guns a S f ny r a la t nd Re ngt you'lknow- yo l know whatm odes a e pr pe ornot Don' l t mi on l u'l l r o r . te t tf you,l esa ge te ha ool adi nd n l men. Tralt . -48. i r 247 4 Afe t a e c n e tetil o lt x lie t t ej r i d ti tep o e u e t e tr h t x ha g ,h ra c t e p an d o h u y n ealh r c d r s h y r s o l f lo d rn terd l e ains tej r rtrdt d lb rt, ndBatn' c u s l h ud o lw u ig h i ei r to ,h u y eie o eieae a b te s o n e a g da f l s r ue s olow : Du i ( p o e u o ')agl n t r i r b ta, ce rytidt c nv yte rng t r s c t rs r t thee n e u tlhe la l re o o e h he me me s g t tamo e 1 W ic e trd e no e s,a d wh n Io j ce t ta sa e ha d l 2 n h se o s t xit n e be td o h t t tiwa n taf c i e i e c ,h Co r s sane myo j cinb th we to ha t s o a t n v d n e te u t u ti d b e to u e n n t sy, l, fyo - i a y o y u a1k o gu s t o t ej r r i t eb c o a wel i u f n f o 1 n w n - wo f h u o s n h a k we e ki ofnoddi t rhe a t y'e g ng,yea we know g ms Yot r nd ng hei ads nd he r oi h, t . t r Honor we' gote denc t tt r i s at ng a a W i he t rM ode 1 I , ve vi e ha he e s uch hi s nc se l 2. d n' wa t woj r r b c te e y uk o tkn t ig ta a en ti e ie c o t n t u o s a k h r, o n w, a ig hn s h t r o n vd n e a brngi t i o ex re e i t s y t e' no s t ng a a mode 1 nd i ng her wn pe i nc n o a her s uch hi s l 2 whe t r - whe t r cla l i . I t nk i was cea l a i ppr prae n he e n he e e ry s hi t l ry n na o it c mme to te p r o (h pr s c tr,a d I y u k o Im a kn ta t o n n h a t f te o e u oj n - o n w, ' s ig h t he j r b gv n a c u in n tt c nsd rt o e kn o c mme t. It ik i- l u y e ie a to o o o i e h s id f o n s hn t t ik i a d i wa v r p eu iilt ty t p ru d t ej r t tte ewa n hn t n t s ey rj d ca o r o e s a e h u y ha h r s o s h t ng as t s t of gun,a t r f e i- t ts t ts pa tof a f le uc hi hi ype nd he e or , s ha '- ha ' r as ca m a by r wor ng i a s yi we l us yourown e re e. l a of li nd e di t nd a ng, l, e xpe i nc f ny you know a boutguns you ca brng i i W ha t y know a , n i t n. t he boutgt i not ms s e ie e Yo r Ho r a i' j s ce ry a h g l p eu iilc mme tt t vd nc , u no , nd ts u t la l ih y rj dca o n ha was t tst u - ha ' ms ppore by t f c so sdeoft e de oft sca e s td he a t ut i he vi nce hi s , o THE COURT:A1 rg t W el (o n e) 1s ti d y u o j cin b c u e 1 ih . l, c u s l, usane o r be to e a s whe 1 r fe t d on i l bele d yo we e c r c ,a 1 f und a no e t t n e lc e t ive u r ore t nd o nd t d ha t ee wa n s c e d n e a s tl te j y No y t - y u f rh r h r s o u h vie c nd o od h m'. w, ol o r u te r c mme th t(h p oe uolwe to t ueoh rwodsn o jcinwa ma e o n ta te r sc tr n n o s te r , o beto s d s t e was not ng f t Cour t l l o a t t poi . Se ondl yolr o her hi or he t o ' e n t ha u nt c y, l sae n ta y u whe h s i t o ewods s w jlo sno dn t i h a so ttme t h t o , n e ad h s r , a t r d ig her e d r r i c tng by f i ge t e s m ehi i no a hi t t t Co t et r ndi ai acal sm s o t ng s t nyt ng ha he ur ihe obs r d orc n t i o a ountormake a r i on. l ot rwo ds we r e e ve a ake nt cc ulng n he r , uld i yotrf vorappr it l on t tpoi ,butt Cour i i aposton now whe e n l a opra e y ha nt he ts n ii r i wo l n tb a p o raef rmet b ig t j r b c a d tl t e a yhng t u d o e p r p it o o rn he u y a k n el h m n ti f rhe a t s poi . lve ale y r l d e ty as you r que t d,s t ts my u t r t hi nt ' r ad u e xacl e s e o ha' r s o s t wh ty uj s s i. e p n e o a o u t ad BA TTEN ' A TTORN EY :Yes s r S , i. Tra t . 3-5 il r 25 4. Th u yf n Batn g it o atmp i gt o ti mo e b f lepr tn e fo ej r ou d te u ly f te tn o b an n y y as ee s s r m Roc ngha M ut l butnotg ly ofobt i ng m one by f l epr t ns fom N orhe n ki m ua , uit a ni y a s e e es r t r N e M ont l t ,a s enci Ba t n' c ck. hs a er t ent ng, te s ouns m oved f am it i t t bassofa el or sral t he i on n 5 i pr rar e 'by t Com m onwea t sAto ne i cl i a ti . Theti lcour m ope gum nt' he lh' t r y n osng t ral ra t de e t m oto Bef es nt ncng,t Comm onw e 1h a Ba t n e e ed i o a pl a ni d he i n. or e e i he a t nd te ntr nt e a ee e di posng oft r m a ni c ges Unde t tagr m e ,Bate pl t one gr m nt s i he e i ng har . r ha ee nt t n ed o c un o pej y se ngfo h sf lesae nt c nc r i ghi fna ilst to ma e o t f rur tmmi r m i as ttme s o e n n s i nca iuain, d unde oa h durng apr ti lhea i t det m i whehe Bate qua ii d f c t r t i e-r a rng o er ne t r tn lfe or oura ppoi e c nt d ouns .2 Uli a e y,t cour s nt nc Bate t t n yea s i prs e on el tm t l he t e e ed t n o e r ' m ionm nt t one c he ountofa t mptng t obt n m o y by f s pr e e ,t r co ur e l wih t o te i o ai ne ale et ns s o un nc r nty t w ye r 'i rs n n i i s do t pej r c u t3 a s mp io me t t mpo e n he ru y o n . Ba t n a te ppea e t t V igi a Cour ofAppea s ar ng t tt ti c te r i l d o he r ni t l , gui ha he ral our r ed n r f i t gi a ca i r i tuc i i r s e usng o ve utona y nsr ton n e pons t t i ope a gum e by t e o he mpr r r nt he Com m onweat i c osng,a ered i r f i t gr ntBat sm oton a t c os oft 1h n l i nd r n e usng o a ten' i t he l e he Com m onweat sca e t srket e de e asi ufi i . Bat a s r lh' s o ti he vi nc ns fc tnt ten l o eques e t i t d hat f t Cour ofAppe sf he t al ound t m iti lmoton t beuntm el t ti r e t c ai he sr a i o i y, ha t evi w he l m u de Vigni se dso -usiee e in t t c n e r n o o j ci n r l , l n r r i a' n - fj tc xc pto o he o t mpo a e us b e to u e Ru e 5 1 4 TheCo r o Ap asf u Batn' o j c in a mo in f rmitilt b A:8. u t f pe l o nd te s b e to nd to o sra o e untmel a t r f e no pr ry pr e ve f a i y nd he e or t ope l es r d or ppea . I r ac ng t tconcl i i l n e hi ha uson t not t tat ed ha lhough Rul 5A : 8 a l sexce i f good ca e ort a t i t ends of e 1 low ptons or us o ta n he - - 2Thec r ac e e Baten' pl f l ng at oughpl c l . Tho h t plawase e e wel ou t c ptd t s ea olowi hor ea oloquy ug he e ntr d l atrtej r h dfu dBatng iyo atmptdi u a c fa , te e h sz dta h wa < e' stsid' fe h u y a o n te ul f t e nsrn e rud Batn mp a ie h t e s ï l aife ' t e vy wih t s r c ofhi a t ney. t he e vies s tor 3Thecour as s nt nc Bate t a c ecutve f yea s'i ionmentf vi atng t t ms t lo e e ed tn o ons i our r mprs or ol i he er ofas pe us nded s encei i ent t mpos d i Aprl2,2003,f l ngaconvito f poses i wih t i e t e n i olowi cin or s son t he ntnt o diti t srbu e. 4Rul 5 18pr des i pe tne pa t e A: ovi , n ri nt r, Norl o tetilc ut... l b c n iee a ab ssfrrv ra u ls a o jcinwa ti f h ra o r wil e o sd r d s a i o e esl ùes n beto s zng saedwihr s bl ce t nt a t tmeoft r lng,e ptf good c us s tt t ea ona e rai y t he i he ui xce or a e hown ort e bl o na e teCo r o Ap ast ati tee so j sie A meesae n ta tej d me to a r i h u t f pel o tan h nd f u tc . r ttme th t h u g n r wad s conta yt t l a t e denc i nots f intt pr s r t is f a lat r ew. r r o he aw nd he vi e s ufk e o e e ve he s ue or ppel e evi 6 j sie Batn d dno a va ea a g n a t wh t a t c u ts o d ivo et s u tc , te i t d nc ny r ume t s o y h t he o r h ul n k ho e exce i .5 I alo f ptons t s ound t evi nc a ti t be c pet nt noti r nty i edi e, he de e t ral o om e , nhe e l ncr bl a s t ci t pr be nd ufi ent o ove yond a r as bl doubtt tB a t n w a g ly of a t m ptng t e ona e ha t e s uit te i o def a Rocki r ud ngha M ut . m ual Bat a al d t Cour ofAppe l de son t t V igi a Supr m e Cour , ten ppe e he t a s' ci i o he r ni e t ar ng t tt Cour ofAppea ser e i hol ng t hehad notpr e ve t i s f gui ha he t l r d n di hat es r d he s ues or a pe la h de r d i f ii t i vo et e dso -u tc e e tont t e p a nd a re n alng o n k he n - fj sie xc p i o h fca l t nt ned ha lhe c i c tmp r n o o j ci nr e Speci ly,Baten m ai ai t the wasût vi tm of on e o a e us b e to ul. ace rmic ri g o j tc 'whe t Co nwe lh ag d f csn i e d n e(ha l a s ara e f usie' n he mmo at r ue a t ot n vie c t t t e ei nos ht i a aW i c se 1 mod l a d t j o salg d yno de i h r s uc h ng s n he t r 2 e) n wo ur r le e l d d n agr m e wih t Comm onw e t s a gument The Vigi a Supr e Cour r f e ee nt t he alh' r . r ni em t e us d . t Bat n' peii f appeal6 Baten v Vig n a No. 01 ( . a 6 201 ) ECF No. te s tton or r i i , 11 61 Va M y , 1 , . 84. 5I m a ng isr i ,t Cour ofAppe sr i on Humbe tv.Com m onweat ,29V a App. n ki t ulng he t al eled r lh . 7 3 7 ( 9 9) 8 , 91 1 9 : W he e a a us d ale t tt tilcour hasmade i o rrmar i t pr enc oft r n cc e lged ha he ra t mpr pe e ks n he es e he j r b tfisc ne rn o l t o jc,e u s ac uin r is cino mo eframikil u y u al o tmpoa e usy o betrq et a to ay n % to r v o s a, hewavest rghtt c lnget er makson a l 4A moton f amitili untmey a i he i o hale hos e r ppea. < i or sra s i l nd p o el rfs dwh nii ma eatrh j r h srtrd' r p ry e ue e ts d fe te u y a ei . e ' J-(u tn Ch ngv Co n at, 4 Va 2 , 9(9 0 .An at o hRue5 1 alwse c pins ..q oig e . mmo we1h 2 0 . 6 3 1 9 ) d lh ug l A:8 l I J o x e to frg o c u eo t mettee d o j sie Batndi no ag a t wh tec ut h ul iv k to e o o d a s r o e h n s fu tc , te d t rue s o y h o r s o d n o e h s e c pin a dt a p l t c utsae ta ii n t e urdt c n ie amic rig -fj tc ag me t x e t s n he p el e o r ttd h tt s o rq ie o o sd r sara eo-usie r u n o a s as ne S eRe ma v. mmo at, Va App 21 , 21(9 7 Cl o d rt a al n slo te u po t. e d n Co nwe l 25 . . 5 2 1 9 ) n r e o v io eef f h h e cpt n ad fnd n mu t fimaieys o t t micrig ofu tc h so c re , o ta a x e i , ee a t s afr t l h w ha a sara e j sie a c urd n th t o v mic n a eo j siemiht a eo c re .) sa i g fu tc g h v cur d'. ' 6A d nil fa p a b teVigni S rmeCo r i i ols a çdu iain' fhemeiso tecam e a o p e l y h r i a up e u t sd es n aj dcto o t rt fh li n a dmu t erve du e ted frnil rviin o j2 5 ()1. Bel Jr i, 6F.d 1 9 1 8(t Ci. n s b e iwe nd r h eee ta p o so s f 2 4d ()' lv.a vs23 3 4 , 5 4h r ' 2 0 ) çnsc cs s ro rs c n u ta id p n e te a n t no t rc r a dt ce ryetbih d 0 0 . ç u h ae ,c u tl o d c n n e e d n x miai fhe e od n he lal sa l e l o s S pe Co r lwy b mu t tlp o e dd frnil a dS o ie(h i) e iw t wh te te(otj o r' u rme u ta ' ut s sil r c e eee t l n t nfn ter rve o eh r h s e c u t ' ay c s deem i ton ies t i ade sont twasc r r t o i ve a unr s bl applcai of ce ry tr na i r uled n cii ha ontay o, r nvol d n ea ona e i ton , la l etbih dFe ea lw, sd tr n db teS pe Co r o teUntdSae.' 1 .ctto so t d (u tn sa l e d rla a eemie y h u rme u t fh ie tts' d (iain mit ) q oig s ' e Ba o v Le , 25F.d4 0 4 8( t Ci. 0 0 c n . e 2 3 7 , 7 4h r 2 0 :. Batten, in turn, filed a petition for writ of habeas corpus in the Supreme Court of Virginia, attacking the validity of his conviction on the following grounds: (1) counsel was ineffective for refusing to permit Batten to testify on his own behalf;7 (2) counsel was ineffective for failing to subpoena exculpatory evidence, namely material witnesses and available documentation;8 (3) the prosecutor knowingly made deliberately false statements to the jury in closing argument;9 (4) the trial court abused its discretion in not providing Batten s defense with an opportunity to rebut the prosecutor s closing argument that there is no such thing as a Winchester model 12;10 (5) counsel was ineffective for failing to move the trial court for a mental-health evaluation, due to Batten s documented post-traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD );11 and (6) counsel was ineffective on appeal for failing to assert 7 Batten maintains that counsel s decision to preclude [him] from testifying at his own criminal trial . . . proved fatal and prejudiced [his] defense beyond salvage. Pet. 7, ECF No. 1. Had he testified in his own defense rather than allowing counsel to convince[] him otherwise on the assurance that the charges would be dismissed or greatly reduced if [he] cooperated, Batten maintains that his testimony would reveal him as the victim of a home break-in and that he did have a Winchester model 12 shotgun stolen from that home. Id. at 5 6. 8 In both his state and federal habeas petitions, Batten maintains that he advised his trial defense counsel that he would need a vital witness to further support the fact that he was not making a false claim against his insurance company. In his petition, Batten identifies his former girlfriend, Diane St. Clair, who, if called, would have offered testimony that she took at least four firearms to Batten s Bedford County home, including a Winchester model 12 shotgun, and that she and others knew Batten to keep firearms at his secondary residence. Batten offers the failure to call St. Clair as a witness as evidence of counsel s deficient performance and states that there is no cogent tactical or other consideration to justify the failure to present this exculpatory evidence. Pet. 10, ECF No. 1. 9 Batten contends that the prosecutor falsely informed the jury that the Remington model 12 shotgun (which Batten had claimed was missing) was not a shotgun that Remington produced, when in fact Remington does make a model 12 S shotgun that is manufactured by Winchester, and that he was further prejudiced because two jurors nodded in agreement with this allegedly false statement. 10 Batten contends that the trial court failed to take any corrective action to assure the jurors that his claim was in fact for a Winchester model 12 shotgun rather than a Remington model 12 shotgun. 11 Batten asserts that his counsel was aware of his past diagnosis of PTSD, and that counsel s failure to move the court for an updated mental-health evaluation meant the trial court did not have the opportunity to consider whether Batten suffered from a diminished capacity or have the opportunity to protect [his] . . . interest from being wrongfully convicted of an offense for which [he] may have no control over. Batten goes on to assert that since his trial was before a jury, both the trial court and defense counsel needed to know if he was subject to a quick temper, easy startle responses, and if there was a need for medication that would work to maintain a demeanor devoid of depression. Pet. 18, ECF No. 1. Batten also maintains that his condition rendered him unable to adequately consult or aid in his defense. 8 bet rc a m si t pe ii f a al1 The Supr m e Cour ofVigi a f te l i n he tton or ppe . 2 e t r ni ound t tBa t ha ten c d notdem onsr t t thi couns lsperor a wasde i entort tt r wa a oul ta e ha s e' f m nce fci ha he e s r as e onabl pr biiy t t butf c e oba lt ha , or ouns lsalege e r s t r ul ofhi ti woul e ' l d r or , he es t s ral d ha be dif r nt a St ikl v.W as na on r r . Cons ve en f e e , s rc and hi t equies equenty,i dim i s d l t s se Ba t n' i f tve as it e cl i s I alo f te s nefec i - s sanc am . t s ound t tBa t n ha notr i e hi ot r ha te d a s d s he c a m set ra ti loron die a l i ihe t ra r ct ppea a t ef e ha pr edur ly def t t m . l nd, her or , d oc al auled he Ba t n' c r f alha aspe ii r t r t t cl m s i hi sa e ha s te s urent eder be tton eie a es he ai n s t t bea peii n.Th r s n n ha mo d t d s s , n t ec s i rpef ra j iai n. tto e e po de t s ve o imis a d h a e s i o d udc to II. Ba t n c a m s t thi couns lw as i f e i i f lng t pe m i Bate t t s i y on t e l i ha s e ne f ctve n aii o r t t n o e tf hi own be l,f ii t s s ha f a lng o ubpoe e ul t y evi na xc pa or dence f lng t m ovet t i c tf , aii o he ral our or a m ent - 1 h e ua i and f lng ç o as er be t r cl m s i t petton f a a1 hea t val ton, aii t s t t e ai n he ii or ppea .' t l' Th c u tfnd t a t esaec ur' a j iai n o t e ecamswa no c nr r t ce ry e o r i s h t h tt o ts dud c to f h s li s t o ta y o la l esa ihe f all orbas d on an unr s bl det r i ton oft f t . t bls d eder aw e ea ona e e m na i he ac s Ac di y,t c tdi m is t cl i s cor ngl he our s s es he am . Batn' f der ha spettoni govene by 28U. C.j2254and Chaptr1 of te s e al bea ii s r d S. e 54 t Antt r i m a Efec i Dea h Pe ly Ac ,PUb. N o.1 he ier ors nd f tve t nat t L. 04-1 11 St t 1 4,28 32, 0 a . 21 U. C.j 2 - (C S. j 261 66 C AEDPA' .Thi t e e a ha a s he la sprma yr s o i lt ' ) s t d r l be s c me e ve i r e p nsbiiy f wiht saecours' Culenv.Pi ser 1 S.Ct 1388,1 ( 1 ( i t he tt t.' l nholt , 31 . 399 201 ) quotng W oodf dv.Vici t,537U. 19,27( or s oti S. 2002) (ntr lquotton ma ksomitd) ) i ena ai r te . Cons que l i amos alcrumsa es j225 pettone smus e us al a lbl e nty, n l t l ic tnc , 4 ii r t xha t l vaia e sae-our r tt c t emedisbe or s eki r ifi f r lcour.See28U. C.j2254( .And e f e e ng ele n ede a t S. b) 1 spect aly, Ba tn a g st on die ta 2 ik l te r ue hat r c ppealhi coms çs f rh ar i peiin ... , s l eltet o t outne tto devoi of d cu il h l n e t tesaestilco rer r. P t20 ECFNo. . r ca c al g s o h tt' ra (lu t ros' e. , e ' 1 9 wh n asaec u th sa j d c td apeii ne ' ha a camso t me is AEDPA e tt o r a d u ia e tto rs be s l i n he rt , r quiest f de alc tt def rt t sat cour ' dec son: e r he e r our o e o he t e ts i i An a i aton f a wrt of ha as cor on be l of a per on i cus ody pplc i or i be pus ha f s n t purua t t j s nt o he udgmentofa Stt cour s lnotbe gr e wih r pec t ae t hal antd t es t o any cai t twa ad udi td on t meisi Stt cour pr edi unls l m ha s j cae he rt n ae t oce ngs e s t a j d c to o t e cam- t )r s td i a d c so t a wa c tay t he d u ia in f h li l e ule n e iin h t s onr r o, ori ved a unr ona e applc ton of cl ry e t bls Fede all as nvol n eas bl iai , ea l s a i hed r aw, d tr ne by t S pr me Co to t Unie S ae ;o ( )r s td i a ee mi d he u e ur f he td tt s r 2 e ule n de ii t twa bas d on an unr ona edeer nai n oft f t i lght cson ha s e eas à l t mi to he acs n i oft e de pr e ed i t St t c tpr ee ng. he vi nce es nt n he a e our oc di j2254( .Thesaec tsf cua deer nai ar as t e umedt becore t' a * tt our' a t l t mi tons e lo G s pr o r c , nd ' t pettone bea st bur n ofr buti t pr umpton by E ea and c nc ng he ii r r he de e tng hat es i ç r cl onvi i e i e c . j2 4 e ( ) v d n e' 25 ( ) 1 . ' Unde t esa r ,asaec tsadudiaton i c r r t cl ry esa ihed r hes tnda ds tt our' j c i s ontay o ea l tbls f d r llw tft saec u t ri e a ac n l so o po iet t a r a he b (he e e a a s he t t o r a rv s t o c u i n p st o h t e c d y t i Supr Cour oft Unied Stt lon aquesi of1w ori t saec tdecdesac e eme t he t aes ton a f he tt our i as dfe e tyt a t e ( u e Co 'o t Unie S ae lha o as to mae ily ifr n l h n h S prme ul f he td t ts s n e f tral t i si s bl f c s' W ila v.Ta or 529U. 362,41 3 ( nditnguiha e a t .' lims yl , S. 2-1 2000) A saec ts . tt our' de son unr as cii e onabl apple cl l esa ihed f de all w di t sa e cour i ntfest y i s eary t bls e r a Ef he t t t de ii he c re tg veni l g lp i i efo gh Unt d S at S r meCo r')d cso b t o r c o r ng e a rncpl r m t e ie tt s up e u ts e iins u unr ona y a i t tprnc pl t t f ct . 1 a 413. I i i uf i i ntt ta s a e eas bl pples ha i i e o he a s ' d. t ' t s ns f c e ha t t c ta i f al1 i r ty a f alha our ppled eder aw ncorec l - eder beasc tm a gr r i fonl i i our y ant ele y ft de e mi t tt s a e c tunr as bl a i d f de a l t r nes ha he t t our e ona y pple e r l aw. 1 a 411. I m aki t t d. t n ng ha de e mi i $aha ascour m us detr i wha a gum e sort i c d have t r naton, t be t t e m ne tr nt heores oul s uppored t sa e c tsde s on;and t i mus a k whehe i i pos i e f rm i d t he t t our ' cii hen t t s t r t s sbl ai nde j rssc l d s g e t tt s a g me t o t o isa ei o itn wiht eh d n i a u it ou d ia r e ha ho e r u n s r he re r nc nsse t t h oli g n p i rd c so o (heS r meCo rl' Harnco v. c tr 1 S. . 0 7 6 ( 01 ) ro e iin f t up e u t. ri t n Rih e , 31 Ct 77 , 8 2 1 . ' 10 Se to 2 4 d r v e t r f r , slmie t t er c r t a wa beo et saec u t cin 25 ( ) e iw,he e o e i i t d o h e o d h t s f r he tt o r. Pi ser 1 1 S.Ct a 1398. nhol t , 3 .t A. Ba t cont ndst thi c ten e ha s ouns lwasi f e i f r f i t pe m i Baten t e ne f ctve or e usng o r t t o t s iy on hi own be l .Thecour fndst tt Vigi a Supr m e Cour r ona y e tf s ha f ti ha he r ni e t eas bl a i contoli f all t f t i r as ppled r lng çder aw o ac s t e onabl de e m i d. Ac di y,t c t y t r ne cor ngl he our di m i s t cl i . s s es he a m To dem onsi t i f ec i as it nc Ba t m us s ta e ne f tve s sa e, ten t how t thi couns ' ha s els p ro ma c wa de iin a dt a t dei inc p eu ie hi d f ns .S rc a , 6 e f r n e s fc e t n h t he fce y rj d c d s e e e tiklnd 46 U. a 687 . To es a i h defc entpe f m ance Ba t n mus de onsr t t tcouns ls S. t -91 t bls ii r or , te t m ta e ha e' r p e e t to ç elb lw a ob e tvesa a dofr a o blne s'a h mu to e c e r s n a in ç l eo n j c i tnd r e s na e s , nd e s v rome f ' t sr pr umpton t tcouns la e r as he tong es i ha e ct d e onabl a wel wihi t ç de ltt y nd l t n he t wi a iude c u e mus ha ei ma i gtcia d cso . 1 a 68 -8 To e tbls prj d c t hi o ns l t v n k n a tc l t iins' d. t 8 9. sa ih eu i e o s ' de e e,Bat m us dem onsr t t t butf hi a t ney' a l f ns ten t ta e ha , or s tor s leged er o s t e i a r r , her s r as e onabl pr biiy t tt out e oft ti lwoul ha be dif r nt I a 694. A e oba lt ha he com he r a d ve en f e e . d. t r a o a l pr ba iiyi at ub tn il' o b lt , t u taç o c i a l'lk lh dofa e s n b e o b lt s d sa ta'pr ba iiy no j s ç n ev be'i e ioo s c dif r ntr s t Hari t 131 S.Ct a 792. fe e e ul. rnc ons .t W he e l tng c am sofi f tve as it n vaua i l i nefec i ssance ofcouns ,a f der lha asc t el e a be our m ay g a r le onl i t s a e- our dec s on unr s bl a i d t m or ge r r nt e i f y f he t t c t i i ea ona y pple he e ne al sandar f i f e tve as it nce esa i hed by St i a t d or ne f c i ss a t bls rckl nd. C s And,be us t St ikl nd ca e he rc a s a r i a gene als a r a sa e c thase n mor l iude t r as t nda d s r t nda d, t t our ve e att o e onabl de e m i y t r ne t ta def nda has nots i t d t s anda d.' K now l v. izaya e,556 U . 111,1 ha e nt atsie hat t r ' es M r nc S. 23 11 ( 2009) The eor t c tsr e ofa Stiklndcli underj2254( i çdoubl . r f e,he our' eviw rc a am d) s s y def r ntal' 1 e e i . d. ' Her Bate cl m st thi c e, t n ai ha s ouns lwasi f e i f çr us ng t pe m i hi t e ne f ctve or ief i o r t m o t tf i hi def ns ' Ba t contnds t he e es e hi wilngnes t t s iy,but esiy n s e e.' ten e hat xpr s d s li s o e tf c ouns c nc hi nott do s t oug as ur st ti he coope at d,t cour el onvi ed m o o hr h s ance ha f r e he t woul dim i sorr d s s educ t c r a i thi . Pe .6,ECF No.1. Bate cl m st t e he ha ges gans m t t n ai ha , had he t tfe he woul ha c imed t br ak-n athi Bedf d Count hom eand t esii d, d ve onfr he e i s or y he t f ofaM o l1 W ic e t rs t un, n t twiho tt st si n t j r wa lf het de 2 n h se ho g a d ha t u hi e tmo y,he u y s e t wih t i pr son t tBa t n wasuntut uland had conce e f ct i or rt c m i t he m es i ha te r hf al d a s n de o om t i ur nc f a ns a e r ud. I TheV igi a Supr m e Cour c i ed t scl m on t mert and d. r ni e t onsder hi ai he is f ound t tt cl m di nots ts y eihe pr ofSti a beca e Bat a it t ha he ai d a i f t r ong rckl nd, us ten dm ted hat c ouns ltc e tonvi d' hi no t t tf r t t Sr us 't a l hi t t s iy. The nce ' m t o esiy a her han tef ed' o low m o e tf di t nc i i i por a . Bate had t r ghtt c s i t on s m t nt tn he i o hoos w he herhe w oul t tf ornot e t d es iy t tf Couns ' r e wast c i rt l r m ii tonsand t tc c i r tons es iy. els ol o ons de he egal a fca i ac i al onsde ai a advi e Ba t n a or ngl a f om Ba t n' admi son t ti pr i e y whatc nd s te cc di y, nd r te s s i ha s ec s l ouns l e di A st Vigi a Supr me Cour not E d. he r ni e t ed, t couns lm a r s bl ha be i ved cali e y ea ona y ve le lng ( te t t siya d e osn hi t cos- xa n to wo l no h v be n b nei il o Batn) o e tf n xp i g m o r s e mia in u d t a e e e fca t t d f n e' Batn v. p' o Co r, .1 7 , lp o a 2 ( .Oc .1 , 01 , he ee s . te De t f r.No 20 23 si p. t Va t 1 2 2) ECF ' N o.8- Undert cic sa es t cour fndst V igi a Supr m e Courts 9. he r um t nc , he ti hat r ni e ' a j diain oft ecam wa no c n r r t o a un e s n bl a p iai n o c e ry d u c to h l i s t o ta y o, r n r a o a e p lc to f la l e t bls d f all w ,a di notr s ti ade son t twasbas d on an unr s bl s a ihe eder a nd d e ul n cii ha e ea ona e de e mi i oft f ct . Acc di y,t cour dim is t c a m . t r naton he a s or ngl he t s s es he l i 1 2 B. Ba t n c a m st thi couns lperor ed de i enty i f lng t s te l i ha s e f m fci l n aii o ubpoe Ba t n' na te s f m e gilre Di ne St Cl i,a a wines . A c di t Ba t n,hei or e c or r rfi nd, a . ar s t s cor ng o te nf m d ouns l e t St Cl i woul t tf t ts de i ed f fr ar s i udi a M odel1 s gun, hat . a r d es iy ha he lver our ie m , ncl ng 2 hot t Ba t n' r i nce prort t br k-n. The Vigi a Supr m e Cour not t tt s ae o te s esde i o he ea i r ni e t ed ha he t t polceha pr par a r tofa J i d e ed epor anuar 2009 i er ew t y ha conduc e wih St Cl r y nt vi he d t d t . ai i c n onnec i wih t i s i ton i o Ba t n' i ur ton t he nve tga i nt te s ns ance c a m s I t r por,St Cl r l i . n he e t . ai de c i d t ki fr ar st Bat s Be or Coun y hom e aferhe r ai hi wih s r be a ng ie m o ten' df d t t r eltons p t Baten ende Tha r por a t r toft r or s t d. t e t nd he es he ec d howe t tSt Cl rdi notm e i d ha . ai d nton t num beroffr r ss had t ken t Ba t n' hom e i Bedf d Count di not he iea m he a o te s n or y, d ac knowl edget e s e ofa M ode 1 s gun,and di noti ntf a s cii he xi t nce l 2 hot d de iy ny pe fc fr r s l t d,St Cl rsm pl des rbe t fr m sas$ d' and s d t tone us d iea m . nsea . ai i y c i d he iear t ' o1 ai ha e bl c powde . l any e nt St Cl r spur t t tm ony s m si ak r n ve , . ai' pored esi ee ncons sentw ih it t Ra ndy' c a m t t s ol fr a msbe onge t hi a nott hi f t r TheVigi a s l i hat he t en ie r l d o m nd o s a he . r ni Supr eme Cour f t ound t tBaten ha f ie t de onsr eeiherde i entperor ha t d a l d o m tat t fci f manceor prj dieu de S rc lnd Und rt crumsa e , n viwi t eq si nt r ug eu c n r tik a . e he ic tnc s a d e ng h ue to h o h AEDPA ' doubl de e e i l ns t cour c l st tt Supr m e Cour ofVigi a' S y f r ntal e , he t onc ude ha he e t r ni s a j diai oft ecam d dno r s ti ad cso t a wa c n r r t o a u r a o a e d u c ton h l i i t e ul n e ii n h t s o ta y o, r n n e s n bl a i ton of cl ry esa ihed f der l norwasi ba ed on a unr s bl pplca i , ea l t bls e al aw, t s n ea ona e de e m i ton oft f ct . Acc di y,t cour dim is t c ai . t r na i he a s or ngl he t s s es he l m C. Ba t n cl m st thi c te ai ha s ouns pe f m e defci nty i f ii t move t ti cour el r or d i e l n a lng o he ral t f a m e a1he t e ua i i lghtofa e le di or nt - a1h val ton n i n ari r agnosst tBa t n s f r f om i ha te uf e ed r 13 PTSD. Batten contends that his counsel s failure to seek an updated mental-health evaluation prevented the trial court from determining whether he suffered from diminished capacity to protect[] [himself] . . . from being wrongfully convicted of an offense over which he may have had no control. Pet. 18, ECF No. 1. Id. Batten also maintains that his PTSD rendered him unable to adequately consult and aid in his defense and that a proper evaluation would have revealed that he required medication. Id. The Virginia Supreme Court found that the claim failed to satisfy either of Strickland s prongs. To the extent that Batten alleged that a mental-health evaluation would reveal his diminished capacity, the Virginia Supreme Court noted that Virginia law does not recognize diminished capacity as a defense. Additionally, that court concluded that the record did not support a claim that Batten was insane at the time of the offense, that his PTSD caused him to misapprehend the nature of his actions or fail to understand that his actions were wrong, or that he was incompetent to stand trial or unable to assist in his defense. On the question of sanity the Virginia Supreme Court found that the record, including the trial transcript, demonstrated that Batten filed an insurance claim and was able to detail the items he asserted were missing and to participate in an examination under oath with a Rockingham Mutual agent. And on the question of competency it found that the record, including the trial transcript, demonstrated that Batten was able to adequately and appropriately respond to the trial court s questioning and that he understood the charges against him, discussed the charges with his attorney, entered his plea voluntarily, and chose to be tried by a jury. Batten, No. 120723, slip op. at 4 5, ECF No. 8-9. Indeed, the record reflects considerable interaction between the trial court and Batten on matters touching on Batten s competency immediately before trial, and that court which was uniquely 14 po ii n dt ma ei o me j d me t- p oc e e t til Un rt cr u tnc s t e sto e o k nf r d u g n s r e d d o ra . de he ic msa e , h Vigi a Supr m e Cour r s bl a i d Sti kl nd t f ct i r ona y de er i r ni e t ea ona y pple r c a o a s t eas bl t m ned,i n c udi t tBa t ha f l t s oncl ng ha ten d aied o how t tcouns ' per o m ance wa de i entort t ha els f r s fci ha t r wa a r onabl pr he e s eas e obabiiy ofa dif e r ul. A c di y,t c tdi mi s st lt fer nt es t cor ngl he our s s e he C1 1 . am D. Ba t c a m st thi couns pe f m ed de i enty on a ali f lng t as e t ten l i ha s el r or fci l ppe n aii o s r l et rc am si t ep tto f ra e lt u po sby c usn ( i t b bar dun e t te li n h e ii n o pp a h s s i l a i g h mq o e re d r b Vig n a sc n e o a o o j cin r l . Ac o dngt Batn hi c n e t e f rh a r i i ' o tmp r ne us b e to u e' c r i o te , s ou s l û t o t ' s r u i peii n .. d v d o c uca c le e t t esae stil( l u ter r . Bat n o tne tto . e oi f r il halng s o h tt ' ra c o r ro s' te ' doesnots f t ç uc a c l nges't thi c peciy he s i l hale cr ' ha s ouns lf l t m ounti eihe hi e aied o n t r s pe ii t t Vigi a Supr me Cour o t t sco t The Vigi a Supr tton o he r ni e t r o hi ur. r ni eme Cour f t ound t he had f ied t s ts y e t r of St i a s pr hat a l o a i f ihe r ckl nd' ongs l r chi t s concl i i . n ea ng hi us on, t f ound t tBa t n ha f l t s ha te d aied o how t ta l t c ha ppela e ouns had f l t pe f m i el aied o r or n a dancewih t c i r bl di c e i ac de a la e c ccor t he ons de a e s r ton cor d ppe l t ouns underJ sv. el one Ba nes 463U. 745,751 ( r , S. -52 1983)( di t tt s e ton ofis st addr son hol ng ha he elci s ue o es a ppea i l tt t di c eton of a l a e c l s ef o he s r i ppe l t ouns and t tc el ha ouns nee notaddr s e r el d es ve y po sb eis eo a pe l. Batn, 1 07 3, lp o a 6 ECF No 8 9.TheVig n a s i l s u n p a) te No. 2 2 si p. t , .rii Supr eme Cour r as t e onabl apple Sti kl t f t i r as y i d rc and o ac s t e onabl de e m i d,fndi t t y t r ne i ng ha Ba t n di notm ee hi bur n t s te d t s de o how couns lsperor a e wasdefci ort tt r e ' f m nc i ent ha he e w a a r ona e pr s eas bl obabi iy of a di f r ntr ul . A c di y,t c tdi m i s s t lt f e e es t cor ngl he our s s e he cl m . ai 15 1 1. 1 Bat cl i st tt pr ec i enga i m i c ten am ha he os uton ged n s onduc by m aki de i r el t ng lbe at y f lesae n st t j r du i g co i a g n a d t tt etilc u ttb e is as tt me t o he u y rn l sng r ume t n ha h ra o r ç us d t a d s r to i no p o dng ( te s d fns wiha o po t n t t (e u lt etilc u t ic ei n n t r vi i Batn') e e e t n p ru iy o r b t h ra o r pr e er sf s sat m e wih m a e i e dence t wa avaiabl i t cour r .' os cut ' ale t e nt t t ral vi hat s l e n he t oom ' The Vigi a Supr m e Cour dim i s d Ba t n' cl i aspr edm a l de a t unde r ni e t s se te s am oc ly f uled r Slyt v.Parga 215Va.27 ( 97 ,bec eBatn c d,butf ld t r iet cl ms a on ri n, 1 4) aus te oul aie o, as he ai a t i orpr s ve t t ral e er hem f die ta al Thi c tRndst tSl on i an i or r c ppe . s our ha ayt s ndependent a adequat sa e pr dur lr e t tba sf r lhabea r viw unl sa s nd e t t oce a ul ha r ede a se e es howi ofc e ng aus a prj dieo amic ri g of u tc e c s st pr c du a de a t Be a eBat n nd eu c r s a ra e j sie x u e he o e r l ful. c us te d sno d mo taec u ea p eu ieo amic rig o j tc t e us t edea l, oe t e nsr t a s nd rj d c r s ara e f usie o xc e h f ut t c tdi m is hi pr ec oralmi c he our s s es s os ut i - s onduc a abus of di c e i cl m s t nd e- - s r ton ai . A c ai i def ule whe et s a e c ' e es l fndst r vi i bare by a l m s a td r he t t oul xpr sy i t hat e ew s r d n i e n n a da q a esaep o e u a r l .Fih rv. eo e 1 3F.d 8 5 8 4 (t nd pe de t n de u t tt r c d r l u e s e Ana l n , 6 3 3 , 4 4 h Ci.1 8 ; e a s La rx v S naea v 5 0 U. 51 ,5 3 ( 9 ) W heh rar ei r 99 ) s e lo mb i . i lt r , 2 S. 8 2 1 97 . t e ul s i pende and a qua ei a que ton off r ll w . He y v.M i ss i ,379 U . 443, nde nt de t s si ede a a nr s is ppi S. 4 ( 9 ) ç saep o e u a r ei a q t i i i r g lry o c nsse l a le by 47 1 65 . 1 tt r c d r l ul s de uae f t s e u a l r o itnty pp id A t saec t,J on v.M iss i ,486U. 578,587( ) and i i i pe nti i he tt ours ohns s isppi S, 1988 , t s nde nde f t doe notdepend on a f r c tt i s ede al onsiutonalr i Akev.Okl hom a 470 U. 68,75 ulng, a , S. ( 9 )' M c il Po k. 7 F.d 2 6, 1( t Ci. 0 ) The e o e aviltonof 1 85 . Nel v. l 4 6 3 0 21 4 h r 20 7 . r f r , o ai ' ttr l esa i hed and r gul ry f l li m y t bls e a l olowed s a e r es'i ade t t f e os r viw . Lee t t ul ' s qua e o or cl e e e v.Ke mna,534U. 362,375 ( S. 2002) TheFourhCicui ha r cogni d Slyt a an . t r t se ze a on s i ndependenta adequat pr dur r et tr nde st c ai pr edur l def ule i nd e oce al ul ha e r he l m oc aly a t d n ue, 3d 2, 7 4t r 2006) s ealo W rahtv. ;e s i t sc t See Vi on v. Tr 436F. 41 41 ( h Ci. hi our . ns - Ang l n 1 F.d 1 ,1 9 0 ( t Ci.1 98 ; u' n v. u t, 2 F.d 1 2,1 6 ( t eo e, 51 3 51 5 -6 4 h r 9 ) M mi Pr et 1 5 3 9 9 4 h Ci.1997) Be t v.Ancel ,92F. 1 1343( h Ci.1 ) Spe erv.M ura 18 r ; nnet one 3d 336, 4t r 996 ; nc r y, F. 229,232 ( h Ci.1 . 3d 4t r 994) Howe r a s a e prs ve , t t i onerca obt n f r lhabeasr vi ofa pr n ai ede a e ew oèedur ly al d f u tdca m i h s e a le li f e howset r( )c u ea p eu i eo ( )amic rigeof u tc . ihe 1 a s nd rj d c r 2 s ara j si e Coe nv. o o 5 U. 7 2 7 0 ( 9 ) To s o c u e ap tto rmus lma Th mps n, 01 S. 2 , 5 1 91 . h w a s , eiine t de nsrt t a t r we et b e tv f co s'e tr lt hi d f ns whihi de hi mo ta e h t hee r s j ci e a t r , x ena o s e e e, c mpe d m o ' fo r ii h scam a a e rirsa e M u r yv. rir 47 U. 4 , 8( 9 ) To r m asng i li t n a le t g . ra Ca re , 7 S. 78 48 1 86 . s w p eudc , p tto rmus s ow t tt ealg d c nsiu i n lv o ain wo ke t ho rj ie a eiine t h ha h le e o tt to a i lto r d o hi acua a s t ntaldiadvant ge,i e i hi e ie ti lwih er orofa s t l nd ubsa i s a nf ctng s ntr r a t r c siu ina ma niu .l a 48 Thei s a ra eof u tc 'e e toni an ro on tt to l g t de d. t 8. ç c rig j si e' xc p i s a r w mi exce i t t ca er quie e . A ha pton o he us e r m nt beaspe ii ttonerf lswihi t sna r e e i i a l t n hi r ow xc pton f heca demonsr t t ta cons iutona vi a i hasipr bl r uled' i t c cton n ta e ha tt i l ol ton ç oba y es t ' n he onvi i ofone who i t t l i s t ualy nnoce ' oft s t i ofens 1 a 496. I t sc e, ac nt' he ubsantve f e. d. t n hi as no hi i t r or s t ng n he ec d upporsa cl m ofac uali t ai t nnoce nce,a Bat n ofer not ng elet nd te f s hi s o excus hi pr edur ldef ul. Ac di y,t c tdi m is Ba t n' pr e ut i l e s oc a a t cor ngl he our s s es te s os c ora m iconduc and a e ofdicr ton c a m sa pr dur l de aule s t bus - - s e i l i s oce aly f t d. 157 . Fort a he bove- t e r as ,t c tgr st r ponde ' m oton and dim i s sat d e ons he our ant he es nts i s s es Baten' ha as pe i i t s be t ton. <s r* . ra . EN TER : une 11, J 2013. UN I TED STA TES DISTR I JUD GE CT 17
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