Dowdell v. Love's Travel Stop, No. 7:2012cv00516 - Document 25 (W.D. Va. 2013)

Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 7/11/2013. (lab)

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CL ERKS OFFI U. DI . CE s. ST COURT AT ROANOKE, A V FI LED I THE UN I N TED STA TES D I STRI CO U RT CT FOR THE W ESTERN DI STRI O F V I I A CT RG NI ROAN O KE DI I ON V SI J 12 2 1 UL 23 g. J UL . UDLEY ) ' : # . K CH A RLES D OW DELL, Ci lAc i N o.7: 2CV 0051 vi ton 1 6 Pl i if a ntf , M EM O M ND U M O PI I N N O LO V E' TM VEL STO P, S By:H o Gl n E. n. e Conr d a Chi fU nie St t D i t i tJ e t d a es sr c udge D ef endant . Thi c s i p e e tyb fr t ec u t nt ed fnd n ' moi nf r u g n o te s a e s r sn l eo e h o r o h ee a ts to o j d me t n h pl a ngs Fort r s s tf t be ow ,t m oton wilbe g a ed. e di . he ea ons e orh l he i l r nt Backzround ChalsDowdelfl a ij e hi ba kwhieont prmie ofLove' Tr ve St i re l el nd n urd s c l he e s s s a l op n La bs g, i gi a o Apr l1 2011 The a ci ntocc r e i t s m bur V r ni n i 0, . c de u r d n he howera e w hi h r a, c Do le eeda aç yi c t r' ( Compl a 2. Dowdelalgest tt s we wdel ntr s d ng usome . Am. pa ' .t ) l le ha he ho r f dia e par ha a s or s bl d tons d howe c t n,ha r i,c i,a m ova e s we hea a t tt r urai nd a l har nd bl ho r d, nd ha he rgul s rtha noneo t s iemsfrra ona ec nsdeai orrs i lt ' (d.a e ar howe û d f he e t o e s bl o i rton e ponsbiiy. I t ' Dow de lf t ra l gest ta poolofw a e e e d s x f tf om t e r nc t t r gul r l urhe le ha t r xt nde i ee r he nt a e o he e a s r a t tt r weeil o sgnspose t alr ( mlt tt swa aposi epr e ' howe , nd ha he e r tnl i td o e thi ha hi s sbl oblm. ' Dowdell v. Love's Travel Stop Dow del' a e d c pl i ? a a st as e t a m sund r f ur f de als a u es t ls m nde om a nt ppe r o s r cl i e o e r t t t : he Doc. 25 De opme t Dia ltesAsitncea BilofRiht Actof1 42U. C.jj1 - 511 vel nal sbiii ssa nd l g s 990, S. 5001 1 5; *The cour pr ousy dim is t orgi com pl ntf f l et sat acl m,and gr nt t evi l s s ed he i nal ai or aiur o t e ai a ed pl ntf l vet fl an a ended compl nt ai if ea o ie m ai . Dockets.Justia.com RK t Oc upai Saeya He 1hAc of1 29U. C.jj651678;t Amerc nswih he c tonal ft nd at t 970, S. - he ia t Dia ltesAc of1 0, U. C.jj1 01 1 3; nd42U. C.j 1 sbiii t 99 42 S. 21 - 221 a S. 983. Th d f n a t a mo e f r u g n o t epe dn s p rua tt Rue1 ()o te e ee d n h s v d o j d me t n h la ig , u s n o l 2 c f h Fe a Rul s ofCi lPr e e. Dow de lfl d a r s der l e vi oc dur l ie e pons t t m o i on M a 23, 3, n e o he ton y 201 i whihheaguest theha cieddstt elja U. Rul s t s 't sca e' ( .sRes a c r ha s t i aut s nd S. ell o uppol hi s .' Pl' p.t t N e t rs de hasr ihe i eque t d a hea i on t m oton. The m a t ri now r pe f r vi w . se rng he i te s i or e e St andard ofR e ew vi l rviwi aRul 1 c moton,hecour a plest s mesa dt twoul a yt a n e e ng e 2( ) i t t p i he a tndar ha d ppl o Rul 1 b)6)motont dimisf fiur t saeacli l pe nc Ne .I v. t of e 2( ( i o s s or al e o tt am. nde nde e ws nc. Civ Chal t,568F. 1 1 ( hCi.2009) Thec rt tac p a1oft algai i t rote 3d 48, 54 4t r . ou mus ce t l he le tons n he c ompli a tuea dr w al r as bl i e e si f voroft pl i if Bur h Br d.Co. a nt s r nd a l e ona e nf r nce n a he antf. bac oa v. ki Ra oCo p.278F. 401 405- ( hCi. El ns di r , 3d , 06 4t r 2002) l or rt s r veamoinf . n de o uvi to or j me ont pl di ,t c ai mus conanf t s fce toriearghtt rle udg nt he ea ngs he ompl nt t ti acs ufiints as i o eif t a bove t s cul tve l vel' nd is a e a c a m t r i ft ti pl us bl on is f c ' Be lA t. he pe a i e ' a çt t l i o ele ha s a i e t a e.' l l Cor v. p. Twombl 550U. 5 555,570( ) y, S. 44, 2007 . Di cussi s on l mo i f r u g n o tep e dn s ted fn a t r u sta Do el a fie t n vng o j d me t n h la ig ,h ee d n a g e h t wd l h s ald o s a e a ac i na e cl m f r lefunde a o t f s a ut s r f r nce i hi a e d t t n t o bl ai or e i r ny f he our t t e e e e d n s m nde c pl i . Fort f l i r s ns t c ta ee w ih t def nt om a nt he olow ng ea o s he our gr s t he enda . 1. The D e opm ent D i lt esA ss s ance and BilofRi s A ctof2000 vel al sabiii it l eht TheDe opme a Dia lte Asitnc a BilofRiht Ac of2000(S Ac' i a vel ntl s biiis ssa e nd l g s t CDD t' s ) f ng s a ut t tç f r St t sf de a m one t i pr com m uniy s r i e ,s h a m edi l undi t t e ha ç e s a e e r l of y o m ove t e v c s uc s ca caea j tani f i vi swihde lpme aldia lte . Va.Ofief Pr . r nd ob r i ng,or ndi dual t veo nt s biiis' ' fc or ot & Ad a vv.Stwat 1 lS, .1 1 36( l. TheDD Ac û notc e prvael voc c e r, 3 Ct 632, 635- 201 ) t' does onfr i t y enf c abl s t ntve r ght .' D unc n v.J or e e ubs a i i s ' a ohns M a he s He t Ca e l , o. on- t r a1h r . nc. N 5: CV- 7,201 U. Dit LEXI 75869,a * ( D.Ky. ul 28, 0 ;s eas 09- 0041 0 S. s. S t 31 E. J y 201 ) e lo Roa M e zv. ns o Esa a Sobr De i i ncasEnE1 s rolo, 11- 98 - nde Co ei t t l e fc e i De a r l No. 1 9CCC, 2U. 201 S. Dit LEXI 1 s. S 33327,a *1 ( P. Se .1 201 ( di t tt DD Ac ce tsno t 4 D. R. pt 3, 2) hol ng ha he t rae s t tve rght a t , ha a pl i ifi û e il d t a c us ofa ton' unde t ubsan i i s nd, hus t t a ntf s i ntte o ny a e c i ' not r he saut) tt e. l t s c e, ow de ldoe no a l ge t the s f r f o a de l e aldi a lte . n hi as D l s t le ha uf e s r m ny ve opm nt s biii s H ow e , ve i t sw e e t ue D ow d lw oul ha no prva e rghtofac i n unde t DD Ac . ver e n f hi r r , el d ve i t i to r he t A cc di y, he c tm us gr ntt de e nts m oto w ih r s c t t scl i . or ngl t our t a he f nda ' i n t e pe t o hi a m ll. O ccupatonalSaf y and H eaIh A ctof 1970 i et t TheOc upai Saey a He t Ac of1 70(d c tonal ft nd a1h t 9 (OSHA' wa e t Corduc t ' s naced k e e he ) t aamign mb ro pes n lij re a dile s saiigo t fh z r o swo ki c n iin , lr n u e f ro a n u is n l se rsn u o a ad u r ng o dto s n a t a s es f a heat ' wor ng c tonsf wor ngm e a wome . .. Dono n nd o s ur a e nd lhf ul ki ondii or ki n nd n . ' ' va v. c to lSaeya He t Re e Comm' 71 F. 91 926( Ci.1 3)(ntr l Oc upaina ft nd a1h viw n, 3 2d 8, 2d. r 98 i ena ciai a q ttonmaksomitd) Vi ai ofOSHA aei si t a e ore byt tton nd uoai r te . oltons r nvetgaed nd nf c d he Se r a yofLa . 29U. C.jj657, 66 Sl-he ei noprvaerg ofa ton'unde t cetr bor S. 662, 6. ç-j r s l i t iht ci ' r he s a ut Sc r oug v, eg sCom m c' Gr t t e. a bor h A i ns oup.l . 21 F. 8 2000 U . App. nc , 7 3d 40, S. LEX I S 1 ,a *2( hCi. 4321 t 4t r 2000) s as Gane v. hieRi rEnvt. s p, F. x37, ( h ) ee lo i s W t ve lP'hi 66 App' 40 7t Ci. r 2003)(tpl ntfjc nnotsaeacam unde OSHA be a et saut ofeshi noprvae tg ai if a tt li r c us he tt e fr m it rghtofaci ' . i ton.' ) Her t e, here i no i caton t Dow del w asw or ng att tuck s op att tm e oft s ndi i hat l ki he r t he i he i i ent Hi a e nc d . s m nded c pl i i t ad i c t s t the e e e t s e a e asa pa r om a nt ns e ndi a e ha nt r d he how r r a t on. Eve i Dowde lwa e oye by t de e nt howe r hi c n f l s mpl d he f nda , ve , s ompli f l t sa ea ant ais o tt n actonabl cl m f r i underO SH A . i e ai or elef 1 11. A m eri cansw ih D iabiii A ctof1990 t s ltes TheAmei nswihDiabiii Actof1 (; 'pr bisdici nai d t rca t s ltes 990 ( ADA' ohi t s rmi ton s he ) on ba i ofdia lt i t f la equ e j ntoft goods s r c ,fciii ,prvie , ss s biiy n he ul nd al n oyme he , evies a ltes i lges a ntge ,ora ommodainsofa plc o publca ommodain .... 42U. C.j dva a s cc to ny a e f i cc to ' ' S. 1 82() Tosaeacai unde t spr so oft ADA, pli ifmus ale f t s fce 21 a . tt l m r hi oviin he a antf t lge acs ufiint t e tbls t t ( )hehasadia lt ( t tt defnda ti apl eofpublca co o sa ih ha : 1 s biiy;2) ha he e n s ac i c mmodai ton; a ( t tt plitf wasde e f la e lte t ntbec us ofhi dia lt Blnd nd 3) ha he anif nid ' nd qua r ame ul a e s sbiiy. i l ndus & Se '. M d.v.Rout 40 Pai ba lPa k, o. M N - 1 3562,201 U . D it LEX I . n s of e nt l r N W I2 S. s . S 1 2331 a *9( Md, .5, 2)(ii Robersv. 7 , t D. Dec 201 ctng t Royal lCor ,5 F. 363, ( Ci. At. p. 42 3d 368 2d r 2008 ) ). Ha ng r vi w e t a l ga i i Dow de lsa ende c pl nt t c t ncl vi e e d he le tons n l' m d om ai , he our co udest t ha he ha f ie t sa e a c a m unde t A DA . The a e d c pl i doe notalege t t s a ld o tt l i r he m nde om a nt s l ha Dow de lwasdi a e a t tm e he e e e t de e nt sf iii s o t the wasdeni d f 1 l s bl d t he i nt r d he f nda ' ac lte , r ha e u1 a eq lt e t e on t bas sofa di a lt l t a D o del c a m st the wasnotaf o ded nd ua r a m nt he i s biiy. ns e d, w l l i ha fr t s m e l ve oft ea m e ast ta f de t di a e pa r . A ss h ale tonsdo notgi he a e l r t nt ha f or d o s bl d t ons uc l ga i ve rs t ac g ia l cam u d rteADA,h sp rino tea n e c mpan i as s b e t o ie o o nz be li n e h ti o to f h me d d o lit s lo u jc t di m i s l s s a. 1 V. 42 U. C.1 1 S. 983 I t fnalpar aph oft am ended com pl nt Dow del ass st he i pr n he i agr he ai , l ert hat s oceedi ng u r42U. C.j1 nde S. 983, Howeve,j 1 ti notis fas c ofs tntverg s'but r 983 ss tel oure ubsa i iht, t m e el pr d û m e hod f vi ca i f r lr g sel e he e co e r d.' A l i htv. r y ovi es a t or ndi tng ede a i ht s w r nf r e '' br q 4 Olve,51 U. 266,271( 994)(uoi Ba rv. c ln, U. 1 1 n. ( 979). i r 0 S. 1 q tng ke M cola 443 S. 37, 44 3 1 ) saeacam unde j1983, pli ifmus alget esentalee nt ( )t targh sc e by tt li r a antf t le wo s i lme s: 1 ha i t e urd t Co tt i orlwsoft Unie Stt wa vi ae a ()t tt alege vi ai wa he nsiuton a he td aes s oltd; nd 2 ha he l d olton s c ommitdbyapes n a tngunde c orofsaelw. W e tv. ki , 7U. 42,48( ) te ro ci r ol tt a s At ns 48 S. 1988 . Upo r e oft am e d c pl i , he c tco ude t tD o del hasf l d t n evi w he nde om a nt t our ncl s ha w l aie o a l ge f c ss fc e t es a i h e t re e e t Thecour i a a e ofno a ho iy t s le a t ufi i nt o t bls ihe l m n . ts w r ut r t o uppor t t he a gum e t tt f t outi d i t a e r nt ha he ac s lne n he m nded c pl i co tt ea vi a i ofa r g s ur d om a nt nsiut ol ton i ht ec e by t Cons iuton orl w s oft U nied St t s I a ton,t a e he tt i a he t a e . n ddii he m nded com pl ntpr de no ai ovi s ba i fom whi h t c t d c l t tt tuc s op i a s a e a t r f pu pos oft ss r c he our coul onc ude ha he r k t s t t c o or r es he saut Acc di y, tt e. or ngl Dowdelscli u rj 1 mus bedimisd. l' am nde 983 t s se C oncl i us on Fort r as saed,hec t lgrntt de e ntsmotonf j he e ons tt t our wil a he f nda ' i or udgme ont nt he pl a ngs The Cl r i di e t d t s nd c r ii d c pi oft sm e or ndum o ni a t e di . e k s r c e o e e tfe o es hi m a pi on nd he ac ompa ng or rt t pli ifa a1 c c nyi de o he antf nd l ouns lofr or e ec d. 4 y ul 201 EX TER : s t1t da ofJ y, 3. Thi ' ) c. l, t ' , -4 Chi fUnie St t D i ti tJ e t d a es s rc udge

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