Hall v. Fleming et al, No. 7:2012cv00406 - Document 22 (W.D. Va. 2012)

Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge James C. Turk on 10/17/2012. (kab)

Download PDF
G .v : OFFI t. . Dl > l E CE ): sm AIr ATROANOKE, VA FPFD L I TH E I N I N J TED STA TES D I STRI T CO UR T C FOR THE W ESTERN DI STRI OF VI NI CT RGI A R OA N O K E DI I O N V SI ANTHONY HALL 02T 17 2 1 22 J ULI BY: UD FY,JLERK ( CASE NO. 7: 12CV 00406 CL K ER Pl ntf , ai if M EM O R AN DU M O PI O N NI V. L. FLEM I ZI AL. J. NG, , By: Jam es C .Turk Se or U ni e St t sD i t c Judge ni t d a e s ri t Dee f ndant . s Ant ny Hal, Vigi a i aepr ee ng pr r ,ll t sc vi rg sa ton purua ho l a r ni nm t oc di o ied hi i l iht c i s nt t 42U. C.j 1 algi t tt dee ntprs ofi asi i dae a t ae dhi o S. 983, le ng ha he fnda ion fcil ntmi td nd ke tne m a cal hi ar c al ofe i nn e punihe hi wih s gr t c i me ,a hous d nd led m a i ly f nsve m , s d m t e egaed onfne nt nd e hi i ac lwih amalunc i ngt lt i vi ai n ofhi c tt i lrg s Upon r viw m n el t f toni oie , n ol to s onsiutona i ht . e e o ter c r ,h c ur s mmai ds se tea to wih u p eudc un e 2 U. C. f h e o d t e o t u rl imis s h cin t o t rj ie d r 8 S. y j1 5 b ( )a d ne Halsmoin fritro uo yijmci erle a doh rp ndn 91 A( )1 nd e is l' to o n elc tr nt tv eif n te e i g m oi . tons Hal i an i a e a K e n M ount i Co r to Ce e . Hal s a est the hasbe l s nm t t e a n r ec i nal nt r l t t ha en c n ie i teVig naDe a t n o Co rcin (VDOC' fr25ye z a i eiil fr o fn d n h r i i p rme t f re to s & i 'o ) as nd s l b e o g dic e i r pa ol c i r ton. Hal' s bm isonsofe t f l ng s que eofe t s r tona y r e onsde a i ls u s i f r he olowi e nc ven s r l t d t hi cl i A . 1 ea e o s a n s On J 1 201 dur ng c une 9, 2, i ountpr e es H a lr a ne s t i hi ce lafe ofk e s oc dur , l em i d ea ed n s l t r t r r pe t dl or r hi t sa f c . Ofi r Sa tom a Ke n t n a pr c Hali e a e y de ed m o t nd or ount fce s ndsr nd e he p oa hed l n ama rt thei eprtdasçni dai lndlt e tni ' Theofi r t dHalC tr nne ha ntr ee t tmi tng a hrae ng.' i fces ol l,d t Yo 1 H al' f ualalega i a ls act l tons ppeari hi com pl ntand a t hed grevancesand i hi af i t n s ai tac i n s fdavi ( Nos 3& 9) ECF . . ba ka sgs g igt S e il u i Unt(S '. S n to g v Ke nap i o lc s i) on o p ca Ho sng i t HU' ' a dsr m a e e ar f ( )' ha ufs and Kee wr ppedt m a o hi ha asi hewoul us t m a awe pon a i t ndc f , n a he r und s nd f d e he s a gans Ha l J tt n,Lt Shr vea ve a t c la or r d Sgt Ra lf a ot rme be soft l. us he . e ni d t he el nd de e . tif nd he m r he Se urt Fo c Te m t r s r n H a la e c thi t t SHU ,w hi h t y di H a la s r s c iy r e n o e tai l nd s or m o he c he d. l s e t t tSa t om a K e n ve baly t ea e t hn hi a vi a e V D O C pr e e ha nds r nd e r l hr t ned o nn m nd ol t d oc dur s r a i wha a ton ofi e sc t kei r s et a i t sr f a t c egultng t ci fc r an a n e pons o n nma e' e us l o ompl wih c t y t oun pr ed e .Ha la s ale st tKee f brcae adic plna y c r t tHalha t r aene oc ur s l lo l ge ha n a i td s i i r ha ge ha l d h e t d t ha m Kee durng t J 19, 2 i i nt o r n i he une 201 ncde . O f i e Ra lf ,a a t r t he r ng ofi e , e i d a t di c plna y hea i on J y 3, f c r ti f s le na e a i fc r pr s de t he s i i r rng ul 201 on t c r t tH a lt ea e Kee Be a e Ra lf w a pa t t s c iy t nm t t 2, he ha ge ha l hr t ned n. c us tif s r of he e urt e ha e c tdHal t t SHU on on J 1 201 Hal cli st tRa lf coul notbe i rili s ore l o he une 9, 2, l am ha tif d mpa ta n ma ng d ii a ki ec sons boutt dicplna y c r e. Ofi erLowe t r a he rng ofi e , he s i i r ha g tc , he egulr a i fc r wihhel t si or ton a t d hi nf mai boutRa lf dli Ha lsa a ofhi dici i r c ci n.Ha l tif trng l' ppe l s s plna y onvi to l a s c m pli t tRa lfeco lo o a ns ha tif nduce t he rng mor t n t pr s rbed 1 da a trt t d he a i e ha he e c i 5 ys fe he i i nt nc de . Def nt Syke a Ta ora lgedl c uce a unf i GI 'he rng,a trwhih enda s s nd yl le y ond td n ar ûCA' a i fe c Halr m ane i s gr ato u bl t pa tcpa ei e a i c a s s voc tona tani or l e i d n e eg i n, na e o ri i t n duc ton l s e , ai l r i ng, ot raci test tm a a f thi c nc f dic e inm' pa ol On Augus 6, 2,ofi i l he tvii ha y fec s ha es or s r to y r e. t 201 tc as br htadicplnar c r e a i tHa lf diobe ng adiec or ,a trher us d t r tun oug s i i y ha g gans l or s yi r t der fe ef e o e t' t t g r lprs popul ton,be us he f a ed f rhi s f t o he ene a i on ai ca e e r o s a e y. H a lc pl i t tt t l ti hi SH U ce lpos d a hea t rs Spe ii aly,H a l l om a ns ha he oie n s l e lh ik. c fc l l al ge t thtm a f ce a urnefo ot i t 'c l ba ked up i o Hal' c lt lt le s ha l n e s nd i r m her nmaes els c nt ls el oie . 2 1 1 Thec ti r quied t dim isa a ton orcai fld by aprs ra ns a our s e r o s s ny c i l m ie i one gai t go nm e a e iy o ofi eri t cou tde er i t ac i n or c ai i f i ous m a i ous ver nt l ntt r fc f he r t m nes he to l m s rvol , lci , o fist saeacam o wh c rle ma b ga td.2 U.. j1 5 b)1.Tosaea r al o tt li n ih eif y e rn e 8 SC. 91 A( ( ) tt cai i a f rlcvi acin,hepl ntf' Sljcua alegainsmus bee l m n ny edea i l to t ai ifs tfa t l l to t nought r s a o aie rg t r le a iht o e if bove t s ultvelvel't onet ti C a i e o isf c 'r t rt n he pec ai e ,'o ha s E usbl n t a e,' ahe ha pl meeytc ei bl ' BelAt. p.v.Twombl 55 U. 5 570( rl sonc va e. l lCor ' y, 0 S. 44, 2007) ç cli ha . $ am s A f c a pl us biiy w he t pl i ifpl dsf t lc nt ntt talow st co tt dr w t a i l a i lt n he a ntf ea ac ua o e ha l he ur o a he r s bl i e e t tt de e nti la ef rt mic ea ona e nfr nce ha he f nda s ibl o he s onduc a l ed.' hc of v.I l t leg 'As r i qba, 1 9 S Ct 1 3 ,1 4 ( 0 9 (iigTwo l 5 0U. a 5 6 .T rf r ,no d rf racam 2 . . 9 7 9 9 2 0 ) ctn mby, 5 S. t 5 ) heeo e i r e o li o c mplit os r iedimis l o fit et saeacam,hepanifmu tsle e )fcs r o an t u vv s sa f r alr o tt li t litf s t lg l a t z a I s s f ce tt saea1heee nso ( so ) rcamg . .' B assv.E..DupontdeN em our u t in o tt 1 t lme t f hi r he li q . . i ' & Co.3 4F.d7 , 6 ( t Ci. 0 3 (ii oh rc s s. , 2 3 61 7 5 4h r 2 0 ) ct te a e) ng Be a e Hali pr e ng p oK , hec t tlbe aly c tuehi c c us l s oc edi r t our mus i r l onsr s ompli t ant o alow t de opme ofapo e i lym e io i cli , fa i pr e . Ercks v. r , l he vel nt t ntal rt rous am i ny s es nt i on Pa dus 5 1U. 8 9 ( 0 7 ; ie v Ke n r 4 4 U.. 9 5 0( 9 2 (i igta c u t t o d 5 S. 9, 4 2 0 ) Han s . r e, 0 S 51 , 2 1 7 ) fndn h t o r mus h l pl di fl by a pr K ltg t'o ls srngen sa r t n f ma pla ngsdr fe by ea ngs ied o ii an ' e s ti t t nda ds ha or l e di t a td lwy r) Ont eohe h n t c u t a in r ace rfiu ei t ep e digt alg f cs a e s. h t r a d,he o r c n g o e la alr n h la n o le e a t whi h s tf t a c ni a e c a m . W e l rv.De r m e ofSoci lSe vs,901 F. 387,391 c e orh og z bl l i le pa t nt a r . 2d ( t Ci. 9 0 .ûA)p an ifso iaint p o ietegomdso h se tte n t r l f 4h r 1 9 ) t litf bl to o r vd h r t ( g f i n ilme to ei e r quiesmor t n l l and c l i ,a af mul cr iai n oft elm e sofac us e r e ha abe s oncusons nd or ai ect to he e nt a e ofa to wilnotd ' Twombl 550U. a 55 Tosaeac eofa tonunde 51 3,a cin l o. ' v, S. t 5. tt aus ci r 98 pl i ifm us e t bls t the ha bee de i d ofr g sgua a e by t Co tt i o l w s a ntf t s a i h ha s n prve i ht r nt ed he ns iuton r a oft Unie St t a t tt sd prvai n r ule fo c he t d aes nd ha hi e i to es t d r m onduc c t omm it d by ape s a tng te r on c i unde c orofsaelw.W es v. ki , 7U. 42( 988 .M a ofHalscamsfi t r ol tt a t At ns 48 S. 1 ) ny l' li alo s r iesr e i u e j1 5 b ()b c u eh sae n f csi s pp r. u vv ce nng nd r 91 A() 1 e a s e tts o a t n u o t A . Exc s ve Forc ,V e balThr t ,and R ac alSl s es i e r ea s i ur Hals sSa tom a Ke n f vi l tnghi c tt i lrg sunde t Ei t l ue ndsr nd e or o ai s onsiutona i ht r he gh h Ame e t a d unde t Due Pr s a EqualPr e ton Clus oft Foure nt ndm n 2 n r he oce s nd ot ci a es he te h ngag i ç a s pr i i . . . w ih l ngua ' a d ed n t cim otlng r Ame ndm e . H a la s r st tSa t om e nt3 l s e t ha nds r t a ge ' n t tSa t om a K ee a oa he H a li t n i i i tng t ea eni m a r' ( a i i l ha nds r nd n ppr c d l n d ntm da i hr t ng nne ,' t lc ous y a m a sditc lyf t veypur et ca eham t ( l'jwelbeng.' ( No.1 1 p.6nd a sial or he r pos o us r o Hals l i ' ECF -, 7. Thec ttndsnoc tt i lvi ai hee. ) our i onsiutona olton r çol l temme e s r a dwa tn ifito o p i'rs st telv l fa ç ny h l c say n n o n l in f an' ie o h e e o c c n t uin l ilto .W hte v. b r, 7 U.. 2 3 9( 9 6 , b o ae o oh r o si to a vo ai n t ilv Ale s 4 5 S 31 , 1 1 8 ) a r g td n t e g o n sb W i i v. d v, r u d y l ns Ga d k U. S. , 3 S. .1 7 ( 01 ) Topr v a e c si 1 0 Ct 1 5 2 0 . o e n x e sve f c ca m,pl ntf m us s or e li ai if t how t tt f c t ofi e a id wa l rvi l' W iki ,1 ha he or e he fc r pple st nonti a . ' l ns 30 S Ct a 1 79 t i maewh c mpliso ag rl(u ho s o e t a c ussn ds e b e . . t 1 . E n t o o an f mee p s r h v ' h t a e o ic mil An ij r amos c rany fist saeav lde c s i f recam. l 1 0 S. . t1 7 nu y l t e til al o tt ai x e sve oc li ' d. 3 Cta 1 8 ' (ntr lquottonsomitd) Si lry, r wo dsaone,howe rvi e o ofensve,donot i ena ai te . mial mee r l ve olnt r f i a o t a as a tors a e a c tt i naly s gnii a c a m . W is n v.M c ele , F. m unt o n s ul t t ons iuto l i t c nt l i lo K l r 254 Ap x 9 0 96 ( t Ci. 0 7 (ee tn imaescam rg r i g r su eo r ca st p' 6 , 1 4h r 2 0 ) rj ci g n t' li e adng uad' s f a il l m be us ç r t e t o vebala e wihoutmor donotsaeac za ecam unde j ca e t e hras r r bus , t me e, tt ogni bl li r 2 :Exces ve bai s lnotber r , norexcessve fnesi ç si l hal equied i i mpos norcr and unus ed, uel ual punihment i lct ' U . Cons .amend.VIl s s nfi ed.' S. t I. 3 i o st e s l. . . deprve a per on oflf >lbery,orpr t wihoutdue pr sof ç x at hal i ny s ie i t opery, t oces lw (r de t a pes nwihi is urs ito t ee al r tc i o telws' U. Con t a n a o ) ny o ny r o t n t j idcin h qu p o e ton f h a . S. s. me d. ' XI j 1 V . 4 1 8 ' ( ingNo t n nv. a k o 97 F.d 1 1 ,1 2 ( 0hCi.1 9 ) Coln v. n v 9 3) ct i rhido J c s n, 3 2 5 8 5 4 1 t r 9 2 ; lis Cu d , 6 F. 825,827( t Ci.1 ) s as Ca trv. ori,1 F. 215, 9n.3( hCi. 03 2d 10h r 979 ; ee lo re M rs 64 3d 21 4t r 1 9 )(idngt a, t o t r, f e s alg du eo Ea ile ih t't wadpan ifdd 9 9 fn i h twih u mo e o fc r ' le e s f i ca pt es'o r litf i r notû y is l rs t t l lofac tt i lvi ain') Keve v.Ciy ofAl nv,59 F. i tef ie o he eve b onsiutona olto '; s t ba 4 S p .1 4 ,1 5 - 6 ( D. Y. 98 )(I h u eo vl a da usveln ua e( ldn u p 1 7 1 5 5 N. N. 1 4 (T)e s f ie n b i a g g i u ig ( nc rca e i es, omatrh w a horn o r p e e sbe c n o f r t eb ssf raj1 3 a il pt tj n te o b re t r e rh n il, a n t o m h a i o h 98 cam'ors li ' uppor cl m ofr edic i nai .No doest c tt i ( oe ta i tal t ai ac srmi ton) r he onsiuton t tc gans l pr i r insonone' pe eofmi ' Pitlvv.W aih,927F. 3,7 ( tCi.1 ) A guad' ntuso s ac nd. tse ' rs 2d 1s r 991. rs ve ba ha a s e ori et e t t m4i ae, ve i t y ca ea i a ef arore i l r l r s m nt dl hr a s o nm t e n f he us n nm t e motona a ey,do no c tt ea i son ofa i ntfe lbe t i e es.I Coursha f nxit t onsiut n nva i ny de ii d i ry nt r t d. t ve ound, ho ve ,t taprs ofk i ' ver lt e t ofha m t r a i t ,t t rwih a to we r ha ion t als ba hr as r owa d n nma e ogehe t ci ns r as bl pe c i a se t r c e ona y r eved s tps owa d anyi ou t pr e ha wih no l tmaenee f ng t he opos d nn, t egii t d or ofk ilaci t r sor o de ,ma c tmt t wa t i lci ofps t a ton o e t e r r y onsi e he n on nfi ton ychol ca pai s ast ogi l n o o vi aet i t sc tt i rght.Se .e. s rhi t 973F. a 1 24( ii olt he nmae' onsiutonal i s e c.No t nzon, 2d t 5 ctng Hud o v M c l a , 0 U. 1 1 ( 9 2 (Blc mu J, o c ni g ( oi icd n o s n . mil n 5 3 S. , 6 1 9 ) t a k n, .c n u n ) n t n ie t f i ng t u r pa i ar v le i a imaesmo t a dtrae i t blw (h )p io e' h a ç ad lcng e ov r n n n t ' uh n h e tnng o o t e rs n rs e d g of ' s a unne s a y a w a o i lc i ofps hol i a pa n i vi a i n ofEi h fa n ce s r nd nt n nfi ton yc og c l i n ol to ght Ame nt (mitngciato ) ndme ) o ti t ins. Appl ngt s prncpl s t c tc nnotfnd t tHa lsalegai sae a y vi bl yi he e i i e , he our n i ha l' l tons t t n a e c tt i lcl m ag ns Ke n orSa tom bas d on t i al gedus ofar cilsura onsiutona ai ai t e ndsr e he r le e a a l nd t e tni wo dsa ge t es Alhough Halpe c i d t ofi r wor abo hi goi t hr ae ng r nd sur . t l r eve he fce s' ds ut s ng o t SHU a t e t ni a r ci ly i uli Ha lsadm it d f iur t s a f co m ta t r he s hr a e ng nd a a l ns tng, l ' te a l e o t nd or t fe bei or r d t do s ga t ofke sal gii t r a o t r s ng de e o o ve he t r e tma e e s n o e pond i s ef s on t r sor n om a hi o e t e o de .4 Ha1 doesnotal gef t a r r 1 le acs boutany a t lphysca c t c ofi r mad f rt s e cua i l on a t fce s e o he ol pur e ofha m i H a lon J 1 201 M or ove ,H a lm e e y l bel t ofi e s w o dsa pos r ng l une 9, 2. e r l r l a s he fc r ' r s ' hr a e ng,'b doe nots a e t e tha m t ofk e sa l gedl t ea ene t i lc on t e t ni ' ut s t t t he xac r he t r le y hr t d o nfi t hi .Thus Hal as doe notsa ef c ss m , l lo s tt a t howi t ta i t c d r as bl ha ng ha n nma e oul e ona y ve pe c i t ofi r 'gesur wih t cufsasase t r ca r ng outt tt e t ne hn m. r eved he fce s t e t he f tp owa d ryi ha hr a e d r Fi ly,whieHa la l est tt ofk e s wor a aci nsi c bi ton c us d hi gr a na l l l leg ha he f r ' ds nd to n om na i a e m e t mu it hedoesnotsa ef c sdemonsr tngt tt e en ofhi f a sofbodiy ha m fom t ey, tt a t ta i ha he xt t s er l r r he ofi r we er a ona y c fce s r e s bl onne t d t t ofke s a t lco c e o he t r ' c ua nductort tt me a hn m Hal ha he nt l r l a lge y s f r wass s ve et thes ug pr es i lte t ntofa ki Bas on le dl ufe ed o e r ha o ht of sona r a me ny nd. ed Halsc us r de c i i oft e nt i quesi n,hec tcn l' oncl o y s rpton he ve s n to t our nnotfnd t tHal hassa e i ha l ttd acli unde Twombl a Huds t tt ofi r wa o y i lced ps am r y nd on ha he fce s nt nl nfi t ychol c lpai o ogi a n n hi w ih t i w or a m o e s s a t vi a e hi c tt i na rght . The e or t m t he r ds nd vem nt o s o ol t s ons iuto l i s r f e, he c u t u rl d s s e wih u p eu ieHalscamsa an tS n sr m a dKe ns o r s mmai imis s t o t rj dc l' 1i g is a d to n e , y p rua tt j1 5 b ( ) f rfiu et saeacam. u s n o 91 A( )1, o alr o tt li 4 The of i s'alege f l e t f l VDOC pr fcer l d aiur o olow ocedur f addr sng i at es or es i nm es' noncom plancewih c i t ountpr ocedur sa es atmos,a vi aton ofsa e l . Such vi a i ar not es tt , t ol i t t aw oltons e ide e de tya ton bl un rj 1 3.W elrv. p' ofSo ilSe vc s 9 F.d 38 ,3 2 (t Ci. n p n nl ci a e de 98 le De t ca r ie , 01 2 7 9 4 h r 1 0) Moe ve,hec r d ci st e ecs s plme aj rs cinov ra ysc saelw cams 99 . ro rt out e lne o x rie up e ntluidito e n u h tt a li a dimisste wihou peudc , ru nto2 U. C.j1 7c. nd s se h m t t rj ie pusa t 8 S. 36 () 5 Ha1 as erst each oft ot de endant alo vi at hi rght undert Ei h 1 s t hat he her f s s ol ed s i s he ght Am endmentand hi due pr sand equalpr e i rght unde t Foureent Am endment Hal does s oces ot cton i s r he t h . l not how e ,alege f t s , ver l acs howi how any oft ot ofi shad any per onali vementi Keen ng he her fcer s nvol n and Sandsr ' ve balorphysialactonson June 19,201 orany opporuniy t pr vents ac i tom s r c i 2, t t o e uch tons. W es,s a.Accor ngl t cour summ arl dim is a1 Hal' cons iutonalcl msarsng diec l t upr di y, he t iy s s es l ls tt i ai ii r ty f om t ti dent r ha nci . B. D i plnary Proceedi sci i ngs Halm a s ve a c l kes e r l ompl i sa ant boutdici i r pr e ngson t c r Ke n wr e s plna y oc edi he ha ge e ot agans hi f rt e t ni bodiy ha m o J 1 201 Hal c pl nst tKee f le y i t m o hr a e ng l r n une 9, 2. l om ai ha n asl cha ge hi wih t ofe e; ha Ra lfe wasi o l a sg d ashea i ofi r ba e on r d m t he f ns t t tif mpr pery s ine rng fce , s d hi i vol me i es ori Ha l o s gr a i on J 1 201 a t tLowe, t r gulr s n ve nt n c tng l t e eg ton une 9, 2; nd ha as he e a he i ofi e ,f ie t m a t sc lc c e rdurng Halsa arng fc r al d o ke hi onfi t l a i l' ppea . Ha lalo c l l s ompl nst t ai ha no one w a c d t s v la e c m er f t e oft i i nt t he he ur eil nc n a oo ag he nc de . Halhasnoaci bl j 1 cai a i tDee n Ke nf brngi af s l tona e 983 l m gans fnda t e or i ng ale dic plna yc r l aesha t ge alc tt tonalrghtt befe fo bengf s l s i i r ha ge. nm t ve l no ner onsiu i i o r e r m i aley a c s di amib ha irr p r. Bod i v S h e e,1 5F.d 8 7 8 2 ( dCi.1 9 )(ing c u e n s e vo e o t' d e . c nid r 0 3 5 , 6 2 r 9 7 ct ' i Fr e nv. de ,808F. 949,951( Ci.1 :;seas Gilv.Ri c 2005W L e ma Ri out 2d 2d r 986 e lo l ddik, 7557 at* ( D. Y.Mar31 2005 .Forra onsex ane beow,Halas ha noot r 45, 7 N. N. . , ) es pli d l l lo s he j 1 cam rl edt t dicplna ypr ee ngs 983 li eat o he si i r oc di . W hiec ce prs r r lnq s m a rg supon bei i r e aed, hedue l onvi td ione s ei uih ny i ht ng nca c r t t pr e sclus m a t ss ve a pr e a s e ua dsbe or a i ae ma bepunihe wih oc s a e nda e e r l oc dur l af g r f e n nm t y s d t t l s ofe r d good c he os a ne onduc tm e orpl ce e i s imy c i m e f vi a i pr s ti a m nt n olt onf ne nt or ol tng ion dicplnmy r es n si i ul ; mong t s r quie pr e a pr e to a eaf i a i pa ta he e e r d oc dur l ot ci ns r ar nd m ril de ii nm a ra s ee de et s c so ke nd om vi nc o uppor aguit fndi W olfv. c t ly i ng. f M Donne l 41 U. l, 8 S. 5 9 5 ( 9 4 , b og t di p r byS n i v. l r 51 U. 4 2( 9 ) S p rne d n v. 3 , 71 1 7 ) a r ae n a t a dn Come, 5 S. 7 1 95 ; u e itn e t Hil472U. 445, ( 985 .Toti rt W olfprtci , anifmus algef t l, S. 456 1 ) rgge he f oe tons plitf t le acs s si t hi dici i r pe ly()plc dhi u rc tons i a nitai ugge tng hat s s plnay nat a a e m nde ondii ,n dmi srtve s gr a i ors ia y confne e , ha c tt t d a E t ca a s g fca tha ds p on t e eg ton olt r i m nt t t ons iu e n s ypi l nd i nii n r hi a he g m)i rl i t t or nayi de sofprs lf 'Sa n,51 U. a 484,or( hi n eaton o he di r nci nt ion ie, ndi 5 S. t ' b) (n vtby afce ted rto o h ssn e c . d a 4 7.GAqsaesfiu et a i eb is C e i l fe td h u ain f i e tn e' . t 8 t tt ' alr o b d y t i a 'I I o l w ast pr dur pr eci i nota f r lduepr s is ' Br v. wn a o oce al ot tons s ede a oce s s ue. own Angeone ' l , 9 8F. u p. 40 3 ( . Va 1 9 )( ingRicov. t o Fara , .9 7F.d 1 5 , 3 S p 3 , 44 W D. . 9 6 ct i c i Cny. f ifx Va, 0 2 4 9 1 ( hCi.1 469 4t r 990:. Half ist a lge f t s si t thewa e ild t t W olfpr eci nsa hi l al o le ac s ugge tng ha s ntte o he f ot to t s d s plna y he ng. H e doe notale t thi pe t i ude pl e e i c i m e i ci i r mi s l ge ha s naly ncl d ac m nt n onfne nt co ii nsposng a Iaypi la sg fca tha ds p's a t c e t a lbe t i e es i nd to i ny Gt ca nd i nii n r hi ' o s o r a e i ry nt r t n a di t m .6 H a1 a s doesnotale t the l ta e r d good c voi ng he 1 lo lge ha os ny a ne onduc tm eor ti de ons r t t tt di ci i r pe t i ne t bl 'a f c e hi c nc t pe s de t pa ol m t a e ha he s plna y naly t via y' f e t d s ha es o r ua he r e i boa d t thei a o it f dic e i r pa ol.1 AsHalt f ist de r ha s ppr pra e or s r tona y r e l hus al o monsr t t the ta e ha ha apr ec e lbe t i e es a sa ,hi c d ot t d i ry nt r t t tke s ompl n sa ait boutt dicplna y pr e ngsdo no he s i i r oce di t 6 Theon1 m enton Hal m akesofcondii i se egai i t t mpor r pr em wih hi y i l tons n gr ton s he e a y obl t s t l ,whih ca oiet c nnotqualf asan çaypialand sgnii har hi ' partculry when healegesno iy dt c i fcant ds p,' i a l l r uli ha m . I addii Hal' f l et ale t thehassufer ori lkel t s f ,a physcal es tng r n ton, ls aiur o lge ha f ed, s i y o ufer ny i har asa r toft t ltpr emsf ecl eshi fom pr entng a ac i m esul he oie obl or os m r es i n tonabl Ei h Am endment e ght cam a ou t t lt aha a do lvngc ndton.Se S k v.S t,71F.d 1 2,1 ( h Ci. li b t he oie as z r us ii o ii e ha ka mih 3 6 66 4t r 1 95 (idigt timaecli n cu a d u s l ionc ndii mus d o uc e de eofa 9 ) fn n ha n t amig r el n nu ua prs o tons t t d e vi nc pr sro so sg iia t h sc l r moin lnuyrs ln fo tec aln e c n iin , o eiu r infcn p y ia o e t a ijr eut g rm h h l g d o dt s' r o i e o ' Gdemonsr t a s t l rsk ofs h s i ha m r uli fom t pri r' unwilng expos e t ç t ae ubsantal i uc erous r es tng r he sone s li ur o t c a lng dc diins'.I a diin, l f ist a lg ta a y o t n me d f n nskn w he h le e on to ' n d to Hal al o le e h t n f he a d e e da t e ) about oraced w ih delber ei f e encet t pr e swih hi t l ,a s doesnotsat any , t t i at ndif r o he oblm t s oiet nd o te j 1 83cam a an tt m r g r n t sc ndton. 9 li g is he e a dig hi o ii 1 Hal com pl nst ts ega ed confnementdeprved hi oft c e t wor orate l ai ha egr t i i m he hanc o k tnd ca s s Hed sn t ho ve,d mo tae( orc ul h )t tlc oft s p i lge h da d tntve lse . oe o , we r e nsrt n o d e ha a k he e rvi s a ny ei ii e efecton hi par e opporunii s ast ti viabl 'l hen hi t alt m ofconfnem e i prs f s ol t tes o o çne t y' engt s ot er i nt n ion a c e t apr tce l ry it rs. S e i .S ndn 51 U. a 4 (Thede iin t r la ea nd r ae oe td i t n ee t e . . a i, 5 S. t 87 $ be e. cso o ee s prs ionerr t on amyrad ofconsi a i . And,t prs ess i der tons he ioneri afor pr s f ded ocedur pr ec i athi al ot ton s par e hearng i or t expl n t cicum sancesbehi hi m iconduc r cor ..Thecha t ta ol i n der o ai he r t nd s s t e d. nce ha fndi ofmiconduc wilalert bal i ng s t l t he ance i smpl t atenuat t i s i y oo t ed o nvoke t pr he ocedur guar e al ant es oft eDuePr e sClus .) M o e ve,i Halsc s , srf s t ds e o d r t rj i t ge rl h oc s a e' . r o r n l' a e hi e u alo iob y r e s o eon he nea ' populton,a notany dici i y ac i by t def a i nd s plnar ton he endant ,hmscaus hi contnued confnementi s ed s i i n s egaton. egr i pr s ntf de alduepr s cai s a t c ur s ee e r oce s l m , nd he o t umm a iy dim is st m under rl s s e he j 1 5 b)1. 91 A( () Fu temo e tec u t e ln st e ecs s p lme tlu id cino e a y cams rh r r ,h o r d ci e o x rie u pe na j rs ito v r n li Ha lma ha t tde e nt vi aed sa el w orprs pr e esby f lngt viw t l y ve ha f nda s olt tt a ion oc dur aii o e he vi o e de ,t i iton ahe rng ofi ert aly uni ve i wih Ha lsc l ta f ron de vi nce o nss ai tc ot l nvol d n t l' e l r ns e Jme1 201 ort rcogni t ealege dee t ona l Se 28U. C.j 1 c.The t 9, 2, o e ze hes l d fcs ppea. e S. 367() c u t imis swi u p eu ieal f l' d ep o e scamsr ltdt t ed si iay o r ds se t t rj dc l o Hals u r c s li eae o h icpl r ho n c get tHalve bal t e t nedt hn m Ke n,i l ng t eagans Ke n, har ha l r ly hr a e o r e ncudi hos i t e Lowe a , nd Ra lf e. tif C. No Pe onalI vem e rs nvol nt Ha lf ist sa es fcintf csi s ppor ofhi r m ani cai s c l a l o t t ufi e a t n u t s e i ng l m , once ni ea h r ng c de e ntspe s la tonsi vi a i ofhi rg s Ha lal ge me ey t tea h def nt f nda ' r ona c i n olton s iht . l le s r l ha c enda vi a e hi c tt i lrg si uns cfe wa a t t W a de Fl nga M r Cox olt d s onsim ona iht n pe ii d ys nd ha : r n emi nd . t sle o ba e' n pe ii ik r o l; . f ie t ot ker s na e mea tr st a t 'a uns cted,known rs ofha m t Ha 1FM r a l d t a ea o bl Sykes asSHU uni m a , t nage ,a M r .Ta or a pr n sma er f ie t gi Ha la r nd s yl , s ogrm nag , a ld o ve l n i ri I hea i a di notû e po r s bl t s e r pl i ifsc tt i l mpa tal CA rng nd d t s nd ea ona y o af gua d antf onsiutona r r ghf' a t tM r Fule ,a B - l ng m ana r f ie t t ec iy t r s ofha m ' t H a l i ; nd ha . l r s Buidi ge , a l d o t tf he i k r r ' o l. Halcn no buidana tona ej1 3cam ons hmeeconcusonsnotbaedi fcs l n t l ci bl 98 li uc r li s n a t. 8 Ha1 doesnots a ef t s 1 t t ac s howi any oft e def ng hes endant kne bef eJ 19, 2012, ofa s w or une s fcrs t tSandsr and Keen woul t t a i t talegedl taum atzed Hal.Ther f e, pecii ik ha tom d ake he ctons ha l yr i l e or t c tdoe notaddr sHal' cl m asone alegi a f l et pr ecthi fom har by pr ventng he our s es ls ai l ng ny aiur o ot m r m e i Sa sr m ' a Ke n' a to i t frtplc .Se Pr sl v. to 81 F. 97 ( t Ci.1 7 nd to s nd e s cins n he is a e e e sv Hu t, 6 2d 7 4h r 98 ) (i ngp iong r viltsEiht Ame me whe h i d lbeaeyi fee tt as e i k wn fndi rs ua d oae g h nd nt n e s ei r tl ndif rn o p ct no k rs ofh r t as cfcimae . S eas Fa rv. e n n,51 U. 8 ,8 ( 99 (i ngt a t ik a m o pe ii n t) e lo nne Br n a 1 S. 25 37 1 4) fndi h t o po ed l eaeidfee c , lit f s s o ta : pio ofca atdo fi dt at ept hs r v ei rt n i rn e yani mut h w h tû rsn fiil ce r al o c d si i b f f a e e k wld 'ofç ne e svers t imaehe lho sf t' . no e ge' G xc si lk o n t at r aeyh a ) Twombl 550 U. at555.The e or t c tmus s y, S. r f e,he our t umma iy dimi sHalscli sagans rl s s l' am i t te ed fn nswi o tp eu c u d rj1 5 b ( )f rfiu et saeacam. h s ee da t t u rj die n e 91 A()1 o alr o tt li h D . A dm i s ratve Segregat on and Trans er ni t i i f The c ti a s s ts d t te n i H a ln e d hi c pl i t pr de f c ual our s l o a i fe ha ve f l m nde s om a nt o ovi a t deaisa t l boutea h def nt 'aci nsori to r lt d t Ha lss r t d c i m e a c enda s to naci ns ea e o l' eg ega e onfne nt t Kee M ount n,hi st to doe no pr s ta c tt tonaly sgnii an c am s W hena n ai s iuai n s t e en ny onsiu i l i tc t l i . de e nti l wf l co c e a c i d t prs hel e asgnii a i e e ti hi f nda s a uly nvit d nd onfne o ion, os s i fc nt nt r s n s lbe t f t pei oft sntnc Ga t v. vl ,946F. 340,343( hCi.1 91 . i ry or he rod he e e e. son Ta or 2d 4t r 9 ) l a esha no pr t c e lbe t i e es i be ng hous d i a pa tc a pr s ori a pr s nm t ve o e t d i r y nt r t n i e n ny r i ul r i on n i on orhousnguniwihl srsrci c to .M e c v. no, U. 21 224- (976) i t t es e titve ondiins a hum Fa 427 S. 5, 25 1 (i'ec n it nh ss fiin l e tn us dted f n a tsl e t itr s t e o rte t h o vci a u fce ty x ig ihe h ee d n ' i ry n ee t o mp we h f o b Stt t co i hi i a ofisprs ns' ae o nfne m n ny t io . ). To sa eacli t theha a p o e t d lbe t i e e tr quii f de alpr ed al tt am ha s r t c e i ry ntr s e rng e r oc ur pr e tonsbe or pl e e i a i s r tve s g ega i a i a e m us fr tm ee t ot c i f e ac m nt n dm nit a i e r ton, n nm t t is t he taypi la s g fc thr ds p' sa r t rSa n,51 U. a 484. t i edoesno it ca nd i niian hi ' t nda d mde ndi 5 S. t t nmat An t ha ac tt i rg t be plc i as c fcs c iycl st ai orf c lt a ve onsiutonal i ht o a ed n pe ii e urt as ik ton a iiy, nd c td a ca sfc to d n tce t amao dsu to i ap io e ' e vio me t'W iims uso il lsiiains o o rae j r ir p in n rs n rs n r n n . l n ' l v. o n o No 7 1 -v- 0 7 , 0 0W L 3 9 7 0 a * ( . Va 2 0 (iigS ndn 51 J h s n, . :0 c 0 3 7 2 1 3 5 0 , t 2 W D. . 01 ) ctn a i, 5 U. a 486- . S. t 87) Assa e Half l t s t theha apr t c e lbe t i er tr a e t hi t t d, l ais o how ha s o e t d i ry nt es elt d o s s gr ga e confne e s a usa Kee M ount n. H a lf ist pr s nta f ct c e ni t e e e td i m nt t t t n ai l a l o e e ny a s onc r ng h c tons ofhi co i m e , o of e a r s c i whi h t e c ondii s nfne nt t f r ny e pe t n c hos ondii nspr e a unus to es nt n ual ditculy ordi fi t scom f w hen com par t ot VD OC confnem entcat i ort ort ed o her i egores, o 10 de o ta et t i t y a f ctt lngt ofhi c i ment Ha la s sa esno m nsr t hat hey neviabl fe he e h s onfne . l lo tt c tt i lcai agans a oft de e nt f rf lng t ta f rhi t anot r onsiutona l m i t ny he f nda s o aii o r ns e m o he i tt to asheha no c tt i rgh t behous d i a pariulrf iiy orwih a nsiu i n, s onsiutonal i t o e n ny tc a aclt t ny 427 c r a n s tofprviege . M e c e ti e i l s 9 a hum , U .S.215, 224- The c ur m us s m a iy dim i s 25. o t t um r l s s Hal' j 1 duepr es cams r a di hi s r tonsausa Ke Mounti a hi ls 983 oc s li ,eg r ng s egegai tt t en an nd s d sr frata se ,md rj1 5 b)1 frfiu et saeacam. e ie o r n fr t e 91 A( () o alr o tt li M or ove ,H a ls c pl i t t tpr s ofi i l ha f ie t f l s a e cl s ik a i n e r l ' om a n s ha i on tc a s ve a l d o olow t t a st to ort a f rpr dur , ort grevmw e pr edu e ,0do notpr en a f de aldue pr es r ns e oce es he i es t ny e r oc s oc r s 1 is a tona eunde j 1 sue ci bl r 983.SeeRici 907F. a 1 9.Thec t ci st e r ie c o, 2d t 46 our de lne o xe cs s p lme tl u idcin o ra ys hcamsu d rsaelw, n ds se te wi o t u pe na j rs ito ve n uc li n e tt a a d imis s h m t u h p eu c u d rj 1 6 () rj die n e 3 7c . E. ToietM al l funct ons i Hal f l t alegef t sa i a a tona eEi t Ame e cl m c e ni t l ais o l acs t tng n c i bl gh h ndm nt ai onc r ng he ale pr e wih t t l i hi cel ca eHaldoe no a l e f dss gesi t the, lged obl ms t he oiet n s l.Be us l s t leg a ug tng ha p ro al, ss fe e , ri lk l t s fe , n sro so sg fc n ij r fo t i e s n ly ha u f rd o s iey o u fr a y eiu r iniia t nu y r m hs 9 For he s m e r on, Hal al t d mon taet t i e i e t itroc o y i u t t a eas lfis o e srt ha he s ntt d o nel utr n nci l j ve r i or rng t he be tanser edt anot i tt i Se W i erv.Nat r Resour De ens elef de i hat r fr o her nsiuton. e nt u al ces f e Co n i Ic, 5 U, 7 2 (0 8 (idn ta tep ryse n p ei n r ij n to mu t u cl n .5 5 S. , 0 2 0 ) fn ig h t h a t e kig r l ay n u cin s . mi de taet t ()t i lkeyt s e ont meis'( çhei lkeyt s frirpaa e monsrt ha: 1 t s i l o ucc ed he rt, 2) 4 s i l o ufe re rbl he ' h r i t ea e c o p ei n r rle, ()th b ln eo e uie tpsi h sfv r'a d() am n h bsn e f r l ay eif' 3 t e aa c f q t s i n i a o , n 4 mi ' t i ' û lij n to i i tep bi itrs Be a s Hals l g to ssaen u d r igc nt uin l i' n u cin s n h u lc n eef). c u e l al ain tt o n el n o si t a al ' e y to cl m,he f l t s any lkelhood ofs ai ais o how i i ucces on t m e is and t courtdeni hi m oton f s he rt , he es s i or i erocut . r ifaccor ngl nt l ol ele y di y. 1 I 0 nmat do notha a c tt i lypr e t rghtt agreva epr ce e. es ve onsiutona l ot ced i o i nc o dur Ada v. ce 40F. 72,75( hCi.1 ;Se e. sM a s v. ma 259F.d641 647 ms Ri , 3d 4t r 994) e. :. sev Hel n, 3 , (t Ci.2001 (ole tngcaes.Bec us asaegre ncepr edledoesnotconfra 7h r ) c lci s ) a e tt iva oc tr e ny s t ntve rghtupo pr s i a es t de e an ofk i l 'a l ged f iur t co pl wih t ubs a i i n i on nm t , he f nd t t a s le a l e o m y t he s a e pr s s g i va pr dur s i l ng t ale i pr ri s i ton o H a l s t t i on' r e nce oce e , nc udi he l ged m ope nve tga i f l' gre nc ,i notaci bl t rj1 iva es s tona e mde 983. 11 c n i o , fist d mo taead p iaino b schz nne d t a i, be tv l, o dt n he al o e nsrt e rv to f ai l i ma e s h t s o jciey s tci nty s r oust ha c tt i ufi e l e i o ve ons iutonali plc tons Se Shn v.Sm ih,71 F. 1 1 m i a i . e kka t 3d 62, 66 (t Ci.1 9 ) Th c u t u rl d s se wi o t rj d c Halscam c nc n ighs 4 h r 9 5 . e o r s mmai imis s t u p eu ie l' li o e an i y h t ie, u s n t j 1 1 A( )1, sfio o . oltp rua t o 9 5 b ( ) a rv lus IIl I cnlso,h cutimiss ls 18 cmpanjseteywi ot ruie n ocuinte ords se Hal j 93 o litt ni t t u pe dc, ' r h j p ru n t j1 5 b ( ) f rfit et saeacam a dds se alsaelw camswi o t u s a t o 91 A( )1, o alr o tt li n imis s l tt a li l tu h p eu ie p ru n t j1 67c .Th c u t lod ne Halsmoi nf ritro u o yijmcie rj dc , u s a t o 3 () e o r as e is l' to o n elc t r nt tv r ifa hi r uetf ta fr( Nos 1 & 1 ) Be us Halalge nocli onwhih ele nd s eq s or r nse ECF . 2 5 . ca e l le s am c hei e ild t r i , hasno rghtt e gei dic ve y,a t c tdeni hi moto s ntte o elef he i o nga n s o r nd he our es s i ns a rquessr ar ngdicovey( Nos 11 1 & 17 .Ana opraeor rwile trt s nd e t eg di s r ECF . , 6, ) ppr it de l ne hi da y. The Cl r i die t t s nd c esoft sm e o a e k s r c ed o e opi hi m r ndum opi on a ac om pa ng ni nd c nyi or rt pl i if de o antf. ENTER:Th s c- da orocobe 2 2. * y t r 01 i ' , J Seni U nie St t D it i J e or t d a es s r udg 12

Some case metadata and case summaries were written with the help of AI, which can produce inaccuracies. You should read the full case before relying on it for legal research purposes.

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.