Dowdy v. Louisa County et al, No. 7:2012cv00308 - Document 7 (W.D. Va. 2012)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Michael F. Urbanski on 10/16/2012. (tvt)
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e >>% oF'l U .. oE D*m = bRT A - : :R V TI Oû Q R A ml . ao I THE UNI STATES DI TRI COURT N TED S CT FO R T H E W E STER N D I STR I O F V I G I I CT R N A R O A NO K E D I ISIO N V 17 2 1 22 . - sy; - . D DL L . M A R K R Y LAN D D O W D Y , Pl nt f , ai i f Ci lA ct on N o.7: cvvi i 12- 0 v. M EM O R AN DU M O PI IO N N LOUI COUNTY,e aI, SA t . D ef endant s. By: U ERK H on. i M chae F.U r ns t l ba li U nied St es D i ri Judge t at st ct M a k Ryl nd D ow dy,a V i gi a i a e pr ee ng pr K ,fl d a ci lrght Com pl i r a r ni nm t oc di o ie vi i s a nt p ru n t 4 U. C. 1 8 wihj rs ito vetdi 28U. C. 1 4 Plitf n me a u s a t o 2 S. j 9 3 t u id cin se n S. j 3 3. an if a s s de enda s Loui a Count t H onor bl Ti ot Sa r J f nt s y; he a e m hy nne , udge oft Cic tCour ofLoui a he r ui t s Count Tom Ga r t Comm onwe t sAtor ofLouiaCount Rus e lM c r and y; ret alh' t ney s y; s l Guie A s e D a npor ,A s i t ntCom m onwea t sA tor ysi Loui a Count A s a Fo t , hl y ve t ssa lh' t ne n s y; hl nd r une t She ifofLouiaCount and Louia Count Sherf sDeputesDonad Lowe J fe Si , he rf s y; s y if i l , efr y ms a M . l r a Pl i t f a guest tdef nda sm a i ous y pr ec ed hi w ihoutpr bl nd Sibe m n. a n i f r ha e nt lci l os ut m t oba e c e f c i i c gesbr hti t Loui a Coun y Cic tCour . Pl ntf a l ge t tt aus or rm nal har oug n he s t r ui t ai if le s ha he malci pr e uton t r i t d i hi f voron Fe ua y 4,201 whe t LouiaCount i ous os c i e m na e n s a br r 0, n he s y Ci c tCo tgr nt d t pr e i n' nole pr e m oton. r ui ur a e he os cuto s l os qui i The c t us dim i s a ac i orc ai t l d by a i a e aga ns a gover nt l our m t s s n ton l m ie n nm t i t mne a e iy oris a t i t c tde e m i t tt a ton orc a m i f i ous orf ist s a e a ntt t gen s f he our t r nes ha he c i l i s rvol al o t t cli onwhihr ifmaybeg a ed.28U. C.j1 5A( ( ) am c ele r nt S. 91 b)1.Thefrtsandadi l is t r ncudes c a m sbas d u li e pon û n i s a y m e il sl lt or ' Cc ai sofi rngem e ofa l al i ndi put bl a r tes ega he y,' t l m nf i nt eg i t r tw hi h c e r y doesnote s ,' c a m sw he e t t a t lcont nt ons a e c e ry n e es c la l xi t' or l i r he d c ua f e i r lal bas e s' Netkev.W iln , U. 31 327( 989 .Alhought c tlbealy els . iz ' lims 490 S. 9, 1 ) t he our i r l c tu p ox c ai s Hane v.Ker r 404U. 51 5 21( 972) t c 'doesnot onsres r ompl nt, i s ne, S. 9, 20- 1 ,he oul t < ac asa i t sadvoc e,s s nt de l ng saut yand c tt i cli no cea l t n nma e' at ua po e veopi t t or onsiutonal a ms t l ry r s i ac ant Se Br kv.Car l 1 F. 241, ( hCi.1 ( tg,J, aied n ompli . e oc rol, 07 3d 243 4t r 997) Luti . co uri ) Be udetv.CivofHa on,775F.d 1 4,1 (t Ci.1 .Se alo nc rng ; a t t mpt 2 27 278 4h r 985) e s Gor v. ke,574F. 11 1151( hCi.1 (e og zngt tadititc ti no don Lee 2d 47, 4t r 978) rc nii ha src our s t e p ce t a s met er l o a v c t f rap oK panig. x e td o su h oe f d o ae o r litf A j1 3a i a st saut oflmiatonst tt f um saeus f g rl 98 cton dopt he tt e i t i ha he or tt es or enea p ro a ij r c s s Bln kv. c e 7 7F.d 8 7 8 9( t Ci. 98 )(iigJ h o v e s n ln u y a e . a c M Ke n, 0 2 1 , 1 4h r 1 3 ctn o ns n . Raiwa Expr sAce y, U. 454,462( 975).Pli ifscli a ns dee nt aos l v es nc 421 S. 1 ) antf ams gai t fnda s r e i V i gi a,a V igi a' applc bl s a ut oflm ia i i t o ye r and m ay be t l d. V A. n r ni nd r ni s i a e t t e i t tons s w as ole CODEjj8. - A) 8. 01243( , 01229.Se W a v. ne Me .l ,1 F. 281 289( hCi. e de Da k d. nc. 82 3d , 4t r 1 ( di t taStt sr esabo e tbl t lnga ywhe t Stt ssaut of 999) hol ng ha ae' ul ut quia e oli ppl n he ae' tt e lmiai a is.Howeve ,f r 1w is l govenst que to ofwhe aca eofa ton i ttons pple ) r edeala tef r he sin n us ci a r s Coxv.St t 529F. 47,50(t Ci.1 .A fderlc us ofa tona r s ccue . anon, 2d 4h r 975) e a a e ci ccue w he t he pl ntf has û c pl t and pr s ntca e ofa ton''orwhe t pl ntf t a fl ns t ai if a om e e ee us ci ' n he ai i f k n ie c s ta obt n r i f ' Ba Ar La ui nd ai ele .' y ea undr a D r Cl ani Pe i n Tr s Fund v. r rCor y nd y e nq ns o ut Fe ba p. ofCal,522U. 1 201( 997 . . S. 92, 1 ) Pl ntf' j 1 a in f maii pr e tona r edonFe ua y4, 0,whe ai ifs 983 cto or lcous os cui cc u br r 201 n t Loui a Count Ci c tCour gr nt d t Com m onw e lh' nole pr e m oton. See he s y r ui t a e he a t s l os qui i Br v.CiyofW i t sae Norh Caolna,85F. 178,1 8 ( h Ci.1 ( tng ooks t nson- lm. t r i 3d 83-4 4t r 996) noi t taj 1 malci pr e utoncl m a r whe t fvorbl tnni tonofci nal ha 983 i ous os c i ai ccues n he a a e e nai rmi pr ee ngsoc ur) Ke t v. le , F. oc di c s; aon Bas r 340 Supp.329,332( . Va.1 (ec zngt t W D. 972) r ognii ha 2 aVigi a pr ec orsdimi s ofc i nalc r esconsiut st mi ton i apli tf s r ni os ut ' s s al rmi ha g tt e er nai n a n if fvor.Pl ntf fldt sa ton onJ y 1 201 890da a t t c us ofa tona r d. a ) ai if ie hi ci ul 3, 2, ys fer he a e ci ccue l By O r rda ed Augus 1 201 t c tad s pl ntf t tt Com pl i a a ed de t t 5, 2, he our vied ai i f ha he a nt ppe r t be un i ey fl a i t d ar o tm l ied nd nvie gume why t Compli s ul notbedim is Pl i if nt he ant ho d s s ed. antf a guesi r s ns t t flng oft sa ton i J y 201 s d r lt bac t apr vi l r n e po e hat he ii hi c i n ul 2 houl ea e k o e ousy tl d a ton, ow dv v. ie c i D Loui a Count N o.7: 2- vs v, 1 c 00041 whi h w asdim i s d w ihou , c s se t t p eudc o J n 2 , 01 be a eplitf ddn t e'et Co an wihn 1 0d yso rj ie n u e 9 2 2, c us anif i o s l he mplit t i 2 a f v flngt a tona pa ngt $350flngfeonJ nua y30,201 2 Rul 15c ,Fed. Ci P. ii he ci nd yi he ii e a r 2. e () R. v. , pe m is a am e r t n ndm e t r a e bac t a e r i rpl a ng fl i t s m e a ton i t nt o el t k o n a le e di ied n he a c i f he a e en m ee sce t n crt ra,butnot ng i Rul 1 pe t a am endm e i a a tve c e m ndm t t rai ie i hi n e 5 nnis n nt n n c i as t r a e ba k t a f lng i a pr vi l fl d,c os d a ton. Se e. ,M a s v.Soar s 223 F. o el t c o ii n e ous y- ie l e c i es g. r h e, 3d 1 7,1 9- ( 0t Ci. 2l 21 20 1 h r 2000)( di apladi i as e taci c nno r aebac t a hol ng e ng n ubs quen ton a t elt k o pl di f l d i a pr o a ton t twasale di m i s d be us t e i no hi f rt ea ng ie n i r c i ha r ady s s e ca e her s t ng o he s e n pl di t r lt bac t . ubsque t ea ng o eae k o) Alhoug t sa tonmaynotl eaeba 't t proraci Vigi aCodej8. t h hi ci k lt ck' o he i ton, r ni r 01 229( ( )alowst c tt t lt 151da t prora tonwaspe ngi t sco t See E)1 l he our o ol he ys he i ci ndi n hi ur. Va.Codej8. - E)1 (oli t lmiatonspei f t tmeapror smia a tonwas 01229( ( ) t lng he i t i rod or he i i , i lr ci pe ngbef ebei a tdordimis dwihoutd tr ni t meis;Tor e- r v. ndi or ng bae s se t eemi ng he rtl ki-rok W yeh,739F.Supp.2d88 89 ( D. J 1 201 )(ec zngVA. t 7, 4 E. Va. une 6, 0 r ognii CODEj8. 01 2 9 E)1 i n tl tdt as e ii j rs it n t as ctctpeo c u t o t as e i ctpe 2 ( ( ) s o i e o p cfc u idci , o pe i y f o r, r o p ct y mi o i i ofa ton) Tolngt 1 da pei oft proracin' pe nc d i t 890da pei ci . li he 51 y rod he i to s nde y urng he y rod 'Pl ntf ' f lngst ough a i er edi y do no be ftfom t prs m aibox r e. ai if s ii hr n nt m ar t ne i r he ion- l ul 2Pl ntf doesnotar any ba i t t lt sa ut oflm ia i pur ua t V igi a l . ai if gue s s o ol he t t e i t tons s nt o r ni aw 3 be wee t sac i s a r a f lng da esm e ns pl ntf fl t sac i 739 da a t i t n hi ton' cc ual nd ii t a ai i f ied hi ton ys fer t accr ued,w hi i 9 dayspas t t och s t he w year sat e oflm ia i t ut i t t ons. Pl ntf i note il t a a tona t lng pur ua t V igi a l w . A ny t lng f ai i f s ntted o ny ddii l oli s nt o r ni a oli or c a m s i vi t crm i pr e ngsi t Lo s Count Ci c tCour w oul ha e l i nvol ng he i nal oce di n he uia y r ui t d ve nded onFe uay4, 0, nt ci nalpr ee ngsweedimis Se VA. br r 201 whe he rmi oc di r s sed. e CODEj8. 01 2 9 K)(oln o c r o l u tltelts d t o fn l u g n o o d re trdb t til 2 4 t lig c u s ny n i h aet ae f ia j d me t r r e n ee y he ra c tex rtonoft tmet a alorc ei ofdiec a a i saec t;Sle v. our, piai he i o ppe , omplton r t ppe l n tt ourl a v A da s N o.12 c 35 2008 U . Di t LEX I 1 m , 08- v- 4, S. s . S 03903, t * 24, a 23- 2008 W L 5377937,a * t7 ( D.Va.Dec 23,2008)( di t tt lngunde j8. - ( e whenci nalc r E. . hol ng ha oli r 01229 K) nds rmi hages aedimis .Alho pl ntf algesheha be ni ac ae snceFe uay 201 hi r s sed) t ugh ai if le s e nc rertd i br r 0, s i aceai hasbee puruantt a hersaec tsj nc r rton n s o not tt our' udgme t twa no bas ont s nt ha s t ed he e def nda s a t and om i s ons f t c le d c i i lpr e ngs di m i s by t Loui a e nt ' c s si or he ha l nge r m na oce di s s ed he s CounyCicui Cour onFe uay4,201 Se VA. t r t t br r 0. e CODEj8. - K)(oli t saut of 012294 t lng he tt e lm ia i dur ng a c i i lpr e ng t ta i esoutoft s m e f t f a pe s lac i n i t tons i r m na oc edi ha r s he a ac s or r ona to s e ngdama ) Bur v. ofSuper s r , Va. 35859,31 S. 2d856,859 e ki ges; ns Bd. vio s 227 354, 5 E. ( 984)( di t tt saueoflmiainss dbee or di t r i a doubtt is 1 hol ng ha he ttt i tto houl nf ce f he e s ny ot applc ton) iai . Pl i ifa s i r e ty post t ti i t c ts bur n t e a n t pl i ift a ntf l o nco r c l is ha t s he our ' de o xpl i o a ntf he Fede a R ul s ofCi lPr dur be us he i i r er t a unf m ii r wih t l w . rl e vi oce e ca e s nca c a ed nd a la t he a Pl i ifi s el r pons bl f pr ec i hi o n ci la ton. Se M c ei v. nie St t s a ntf s ol y es i e or os utng s w vi c i e N l U td ae , 508U. 1 11 ( S. 06, 3 1993)(tW 1 ha ne rs d( e ve ve uggesedt tpr e a r esi or naycvi t ha oc dur l ul n di r i l ltga i s d be i e pr t d s ast e us m it kesby t e w ho pr e w ihout ii ton houl nt r e e o o xc e s a hos oc ed t 4 couns .) J da v. a 951F. 1 ,1 1 ( hCi.1 )( di t apr K ltga i el' ; our n J be, ' 2d 08 09- 0 6t r 991 hol ng hat o ii nt s note il t s ci c i r ton t e us a f l et f l a s r ghtor r pr e al ntted o pe al ons de a i o xc e aiur o olow t ai f wa d oc dur r rmentt tal pe s ca c equie ha ay ron n omprhe a e sl asalwye ) rhemor,pli ifs e nd s a iy a r.Fu t r e antf' i prs m i onm e a p o K s at a e no s fc e bas s t equiabl t lt sat e oflm ia i . nt nd r t us r t uf i i nt e o t y ol he t ut i t tons Se e. ,UniedSttsv.Sos ,364F. 5 51 ( h Ci.2004)( o. sat a i rnc of es g. t ae a 3d 07, 2 4t r pr K t us nd gnoa e t e1w d e n t usiye ui bet lig ; re v J hn o 1 7F.d3 0 3 2( t Ci.1 9 ) h a o s o j tf q t l o l l Tun r . o s n, 7 3 9 , 9 5h r 9 9 a n ( i t tunfmiirt wiht lw duet iltrc orpr K sausdoesnott llmiains notng ha a la iy t he a o liea y o tt ol i tto perod) Ac or ngl plitf fist etbls a a tonalbasst t lt saut of i . e di y, anif al o sa ih ny ddii i o ol he tt e lmiai ,a pli ifsj1 cai a i tdee nt aedimis dastmebard.Se i ttons nd antf 983 l ms gans fnda s r s s e i - re e Br v.CivofW i t sae NolhCar i 85F. 1 1 1( hCi.1 (ttngs ooks t nson- lm, ' t olna, 3d 78, 8 4t r 996) sai ua s edim is li pr pe whe t f eoft c pont s s a s o r n he ac he ompli cea l r al t e se e ofa ant l ry eve s he xit nc me ioro afi tvedefns l Nasm v.Wa de 64F. 951 954- ( hCi.1 ) rt ius fnnai e e; i r n, 3d , 55 4t r 995 (fimi dititcour' s s edimis la fi ouswhe t plitf scli we e afr ng src ts ua pont s sa s rvol n he anif ams r tme- rdbyt saut oflmiai ) Toddv. ke vil,71 F. 70,7 ( hCi.1 i bare he tt e i ttons; Bas r le 2 2d 4 4t r 983) ( fr ngdititcour' dimis lofcli a fi ouswhencai we etme- re byt afimi src ts s s a ams s rvol l ms r i bard he saut oflmiains. tt e i tto ) The Cl r i di e e t s c e oft s M em or ndum Opi o a t a com pa ng e k s r d d o end opi s hi a ni n nd he c nyi o r rt pl i ir de o a ntf . 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