Hamilton v. Hildebrand et al, No. 7:2012cv00213 - Document 3 (W.D. Va. 2012)

Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Jackson L. Kiser on 6/7/2012. (tvt)

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CL :OFFI t. , sm cŠr ERK' CE ls Dl AT M NVI E, LL VA FI Qf I TH E U N I ED STA TES DI N T STR I C O U RT CT FO R TH E W E STER N D I STR I O F V I G I I CT R N A R O A N O K E D I ISI N V O CHRI STO PH E R G EO R G E H A M I LTO N , Pl nt f , ai i f J - 21 UN 22 JUL BK D E L Ci lA cti N o.7: cvvi on 12- 00213 M EM O R AN D U M O PI O N NI FRED D.HI LDEBRAND,ë 1 , D ef nda s e nt . By: H on.Jacks L.K i e on sr Seni Uni ed Stat D i t ctJudge or t es s ri Chrs ophe Geor H a it a Vi gi a i a e pr ee ng pr K ,f l d a c vi rght it r ge m lon, r ni nm t oc di o ie i li s c mpan , u s a tt 4 U. C. 1 8 wi j rs ito vetd i 28U. C. 1 4 Plitf o litp ru n o 2 S. j 9 3 t u id ci n se n h S. j 3 3. an if nam esasde e nt Fr D . ideb a a Br R . f nda s ed H l r nd nd uce Conove , he pr ousand c r nt rt evi ur e Supeitndent oft No t ser Rego lAdulDee i Ce e (:al',e pe tvel rne s he rhwe t n ina t tnton ntr CJ i' rs ci y. ) Pl ntf a guest tt J lspolc ofc gi pl i if$100 pe da ofi a ce a i l ks ai if r ha he ai' iy har ng antf . r y nc r r ton ac a ba i i l a vi a e t Ei ht a Foure nt A m e ny s s n aw nd ol t s he g h nd te h ndm e s oft Unie St t nt he t d a es Consiuin.Thi matri beor mef s reni purua t 28U. C.j1 5A.Afe ttto s te s f e or ce ng, s nt o S. 91 tr r ve n p an ifss b s in , d s s t ec mpan wih u p eu iea fi oo s e iwig litf u miso s l imis h o lit t o t rj d c s rv lu . Pl ntf a lge t f l ng f c s Pl ntf washous d att J i a dif r nttme ai if le s he olowi a t . ai if e he a l t fe e i s be w e n J y 2003 a Oc obe 2011 whie i t l ga c t oft Cl r Co t She if s t e ul nd t r l n he e l us ody he a ke un y rf Ofi asbot apr ti de a ne and aconvit TheJ i c r d pl i if$1. pe da of fce h e ral t i e c. a l ha ge antf 00 r y i a ce a i f ç oom and boa d' a t nc r r ton or ç r r ' lhough t She if s Ofi e pa d t J i t ho e pl i if he r f t c i he a l o us a ntf a n ci n l u me ta t rz da$10 p rd yp y n . nd o rmia j dg n uho ie .0 e a a me t The J i de t d t $1. f efom pli ifsi a ea ounte r da hewa al duc e he 00 e r antf nm t cc ve y y s i a ce a e t r Atonepoi ,pl i ifowe t Jal$ 98, heJ lt d hi t tt nc r r t d he e. nt antf d he i 385. t ai ol m ha he Vigi aDe rmen ofTa ton wo d c lc t de ,a pli ifr pai a 1but$6. r ni pa t t xai ul ole t he bt nd antf e d l 00. Pl ntf bei ve t tt J i' co l to o t $1. f e, s ntt de e nt 'polc ai if le s ha he a ls leci n f he 00 e purua o f nda s iy, de i d hi ofpr pe t w ihoutdue pr e s a c tt e c ue a unus puni hm e . pr ve m o ry t oc s nd onsiut s r l nd ual s nt Alhoughhei nol ra t J i,pl ntf r que t ij tverleft pr bit J i fom t s onge t he al ai if e ss nunci ei o ohi t he alr coleci t $100 f e, o or t J la Vigi a De t e ofTa i t r fmd a 1f es l tng he . e t der he ai nd r ni parm nt xaton o e t l e e rc lc e fom a J li ae,a t sop s pmutng i t swho pa t $1. f e fo ve ole t d r ny ai nm t nd o t e i nma e y he 00 e r m i t swho ca nma e nnotpa t $1. f y he 00 ee.Pl n ifalo r quess$2, i c pe a or da es aitf s e t 000 n om ns t y mag a $1 000 i punii da a s nd 50, n tve m ge . 1 l. Theco tmus dimi sa a ton orc am fld by an i a ei t co de e mi st t ur t s s ny c i l i ie nm t f he urt t r ne ha t a i orcl i i f i o o f l t s a e a c a m on whi h r lefm a be gr nt d. Se 28 he cton a m s r vol us r ais o t t l i c ei y a e e U. C.j 1 1 e ( ,1 5A( ( ) 42U. C.j 1 () Thefrtsa r i l scai S. j 9 5()2) 91 b)1; S. 997ec . is tnda d ncude l ms bas d u n d n i s a y m e il s l ga t or ' t l m sofi rngem e ofa l ga i e es e po c ndi put bl a rt e s e l he y, G ai 'c nf i nt e l nt r t whih cea l doe no e s , o cai swhe et E acua co e i a e c e ry ba ees . c l ry s t xit' r l m ' r he t t l nt ntons r l a l s l s' f ' Netkev.W ila ,490U. 31 327( 98 .Alho ht co tlbealyconsr spr . iz lims S. 9, 1 9) t ug he ur i r l tue oK c ai s Hane v. ne , U. 51 520- 1( 972) t c tdoe nota ta t ompl nt, i s Ker r 404 S. 9, 2 1 ,he our s c s he i a e' a nm t s dvoc t s s nt de l ng s a ut y a cons iutona c a m s t i a e f ie t a e, ua po e ve opi t t or nd tt i l l i he nm t a l d o ce ryr ieont f eoft compli .SeeBr kv. rol,107F. 241 243( hCi. lal as he ac he ant oc Car l 3d , 4t r 1 ( tg, ,co uri ;Bça t v. t ofHamptn,775F. 1 1 ( h Ci. 997) Luti J. nc rngl udet Ciy o 2d 274, 278 4t r 1 .Se as Go do v. ke,574F. 114 1151(t Ci.1 )(e nii t ta 9B5) e lo r n Lee 2d 7, 4h x 978 x cog zng ha di ti tc ti note sr c our s xpee ed t as um e t r e ofa t o s he ol dvoca e f a pr y plitf). t or o ç anit - To saeacam unde j 1 apli ifmus ale Ghevi ai ofarghts c edby tt li r 983, antf t lge û olton t i e ur t Cons iuton a l w s oft U nie St t s a m us s w t tt alege de i to wa he tt i nd a he t d a e , nd t ho ha he l d pr va i n s com m it d by a per on a tng und c orofs a e l w . W e yv. t ns 487 U .S. 48( 988) te s ci er ol tt a ' ' s A ki , 42, 1 . Pl ntf a gue t tt J i hasno lgalba i t as es t $1. f eand t tt f e v olt d hi ai if r s ha he a l e ss o s s he 00 e ha he e i a e s Four e nt A m e te h ndm e r ghtas a pr t i lde ai e a Ei t A m e nt i e ra t ne nd gh h ndm entrghta a co c . i s nvi t A p etil eane ma bes be tdt rsrcinsa d c n iinso t ed tnin r -ra d ti e y u jce o etit n o dto f h ee to o f c lt as l ast e c a iiy ong hos ondii a r s rctonsdo nota ountt puni hm e . Be lv. tons nd e t i i m o s nt l W olih, U. 520,536- ( 979) Vigi aCodej53.- 31. aut iest $1. fe, nd fs 441 S. 37 1 . r ni 1 1 3 horz he 00 e a t $1. f e doe notc tt ea t onsiutonal s ntofpr ti de a ne . Sl de v he 00 e s onsiut n mc tt i punihme e ral t i es1 a . Ha t Rds Reg' J i,407F. 243, 0( h Ci.2005) Se Re r v. a s Ge Hos , mpon . l al 3d 25 4t r . e vee M s . n. p. 463U. 239,245n. ( 983)(c S. 71 a knowldgi t tpr ti deane mayber quie t pa f e ng ha eral ti es e r d o y or ce t ne rai xpens sa s itd wiht i cae .(Nl e r i onve e e ountrddurng e socae t her r) l ot vey nc nince nc ee i g pr gqra dee i a e-til tnton mount t punilue 'i vi ai oft Fouree h Ame s o su nt'n olton he t nt ndme t M atn n . ri v. ntl 849F. 863,87 ( hCi.1 ) Ge ie, 2d 0 4t r 988 . D ue pr s ge r l r qui e a pr de i ton he i w he es a i he sa e oce s ne aly e r s e- pr va i arng n t bls d t t pr e e c us t l sofpr va e pr t Se e. , oc dur s a e he os i t opery. e, c. Loga v. m m e m a Br h Co. 455 n Zi r n us , U. 422, 35( 982) Howe r t $1. non- srto S. 433- 1 . ve ,he 00 dic einry,mi sei ded to fom nitral ucin r pli tf si a ea ounlpr e e t iters ofe r ousde i ton t tapr de rvai an if nm t cc es nt d ' tl ik rone l prva i ha e- p i ton he i woul a e i a e. Sl ,407 F. a 25 Thus t J i w a notr quie t c arng d m lor t ' ade ' 3d t 3. , he a l s e r d o onduc a t he i be or c lc i t $100 f e fom pl ntf ' a ount I a 252- Ac or ng y, arng f e ole tng he . e r ai ifs cc . d. t 53. c di l pl ntf ca ai if nnots a e a ac i t t n tonabl due pr es c ai . e oc s l m 1Vig n aCo e j5 . 1 1 l. r ads rii d 3 - 3 3 e : An seifo j ispeitnd n ma etbihaprg a t c ag imae arao a efe y h rf r al u rn e e t y sa ls o rm o h r e n ts e s n bl e, nott e ec $3 pe da t der yt cossa s it wih t prs ne s kee . TheBoa d o xc d r y, o fa he t s ocaed t he io r ' p r s lde opamodelpln a adop r a i f s hpr a a s l pr deasitnc , hal vel a nd t egultons or uc ogr m, nd hal ovi ssa e irq etd t tes eifo j isp rne d n i tei e nainof u hp o rm.S c f e u se ,o h h rf r al u eitn e tn h mplme tto s c r ga u h f ndss lber t ne i t l alt whe et f u hal eai d n he oc iy r he undswe ec l td a s lbeus d f r olece nd hal e or g nea j ip r o e ; o v r i tee ettejii argo lalfn sc letdfo a y e rlal up s s h we e,n h v n h als e inaj i,u d olce rm n s c fes al erti db tergo a j i An p ro j i dfra ofns t yaeltr u h e h lb eane y h e in lal y es n al o n fe e he r ae . e ac tedf s l ber fm deda s h f spaddurngt ri a c r ton. quit or hal e b ny uc ee i i hei nc r e ai TheEi t Am e e pr bisE s nt whi h a e i m pa i ewih t gh h ndm nt ohi t s punihme s c r nco tbl t he evol ng s a r ofde e y t tm a k t pr e sofa m a urng s et ' Es e l v.Ga bl vi t nda ds c nc ha r he ogr s t i oci y.' t le m e, 429U. 97,1 ( 976)(ntr quotso te .Pr biedpunihme sEnvol t S. 02 1 i enal e mitd) ohi t s nt s ve he i unne s a y a w a on i lc i n ofpa n, a e gr s y dipr po tona e t t s ve iy oft ce s r nd nt nfi t o i or r os l s o r i t o he e rt he ci ' Rhode v.Cha n, U. 337,346( 981 ( ttonsa i ena quoesomitd) rme. ' s pma 452 S. 1 ) ciai nd ntr l t te . Pr s c tons m ay a oun t c uela unus lpunihm e i t y c us C i on ondii m to r nd ua s nt f he a e t unques i d a tone nd s rousde i tonsofbaschuma ne ....gha)de i i tsoft mi ma cviie ei prvai i n eds t t prve nmae he ni l i lz d m ea ur oflf ' nec s ii . I a 347. A gove nm e as um esr s s e i es e s tes' d. t ' r nt s e pons biiy f r s ts yi i lt o a i f ng ba i hu a nee ,s h a f s c m n ds uc s ood,c o hi s le ,m e ca c e, nd r as bl s e y, he i l t ng, he t r di l ar a e ona e af t w n t t akes apers i o cus ody. D eshanev v.W i on nt t nnebago Cnt D ep' ofSoc.Svcs. 489 U . 189, y. t , S. 1 9 2 0( 9 9 .Plitf mus s o as fiin l s ro o j cied p i to a dta a 9 - 0 1 8 ) an if t h w u fce ty eius be tv e rvai n n h t prs ofi a s j ci yace wihas fce l cul bl saeofmi t de taea ion fcil ub e tvel td t ufiinty pa e tt nd o monsrt vi ai oft Ei h Ame olton he ght ndme .W is v.Setr 5 U. 294,298,303( 991. nt lon ie , 01 S. 1 ) A sdi c s t Four h Cicui ha expr s l he d t tt i poston ofa da l r s us ed, he t r t s e s y l ha he m ii iy oom a boad f of$100purua t Vigi aCodej53.- 3doe no a nd r ee . s nt o r ni 1131. s t mountt o (puni l 1 suuent'z Sl , .' ade 407 F.3 a 250. Se Til a v.Le no Cnt Co r Fa iiv,2 F. d t e lm n ba n v. r . c lt 21 3d 41 41 n. (d Ci. )(ole tngcaest tfundno c tt ina i 0, 6 3 3 r 2000 c lci s ha o onsiuto l mpedi tt men o deduci t cos ofr a boadfom aprs ne' wage ) Pli ifa knowl shesil tng he t oom nd r r io rs s. antf c edge tl v ceve r aud boa d a J lwhe hedi notpa tw $100 f a l doe no a lget ta e i d oom r t ai n d y l . ee, nd w s t te ha d e ntde e pl i ifa oflf s ba i nec s te . Se Civ ofRe r 463 U .S.at245 ef nda ni d a ntf ny i e' s c es ii s e t ve e, (ttngt t Consiutondoesno ditt t al ai ofprs cossasl a t sai hathe tt i t cae he loc ton ion t ong s he nec sar s vi saepr de .Ac r ngl pl ntf c nnote t iht tt $10 fe e s y er ce r ovi d) co di y, ai if a sabls ha he .0 e 2 Eveni t fecoul beconsde e punihmentpl ntf fist ex anhow t $1. f ei <cue ajtunus l' f he e d i rd s , ai if al o pli he 00 e s Kr j -j ua.' j c tt esc ue a unus lpuni hm e t3 ons iut r l nd ua s n. Fo tef rg i gra o , d s s t ec mpant t u p eu iea fi oo sfr r h o e o n e s ns 1 imis h o li wi t rj dc s zv lu o ho pur ui cl i s ba e upon i s a y m e il s l lt oresa t i r nge e tofl al s ng a m sd ndiput bl rtes ega he i nd he nf i m n eg i er t whi ce rydonote s.SeeM ca nv. t Stt ,566F. 391 399( h Ci. nt ess ch la l xit lea Unied aes 3d , 4t r 2009)( s sal wihoutprj ief fi ous ss dnotbee dimis s t eudv or rvol nes houl xemptdfom 28U. C. e r S. j1 ( ) 915g). The Cl r i diec e t s nd c es o t s M e o a um Opi o a t a om pa ng e k s r t d o e opi f hi m r nd ni n nd he ec nyi Or t pl ntf der o ai if. ENTER : s < Thi da ofJ ,201 y une 2. % Se ' U nie St t s D i t i tJ or t d a e sr c udge 3Pl ntf lc sandi t s onbe fofa1 prora f ur J li aes SeeLuln v.De e sofW idlf, ai if a ks t ng o ue hal 1 i nd ut e ai nm t . . a f nder l ie 5 4U.. 5 , 6 - 1 1 9 )(odn ta sa digrq rsij r, a sto , ndrd esbitl Mas lv. 0 S 5 5 5 0 6 (9 2 h lig h t tn n e uie nuy c u ain a e rsa ly ; rhal i M e d ws 1 5F.d 9 4, 06( t Ci.1 9 )(a ) S ea s Net k , 9 U. a 3 5 (u p rigt ed s s a f r a o , 0 3 0 9 4 h r 9 7 s me . e lo i e 4 0 S. t 2 s p o t h imis l o z n lc o sa d n a fi o o ) Plitf ' ta s e fo t eJ i mo t pa n ifsr q e t f rd caa o ya d a k f t n i g s rv lus. an ifs r n f r r m h a l o s litf e u ss o e lr tr n ij n tv rle.Se , ..l u av Oz n, 0 F.d2 , 6 8 (t Ci. 0 )(ttn ap io e 'ta se o nu cie eif e ea,nc ma . mit5 7 3 81 28 - 7 4h r20 7 saig rs n rs rn fr r rlaefo ap riua p io mo t hscamsfrij n tv a dd caaoyrle wi rs ett hs ee s r m at lr rs n os i li o nu cie n e lrtr eif t e p c o i c h i ac rto tee. ncreain h r) 5

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