-RSB Watson v. Garman et al, No. 7:2012cv00037 - Document 21 (W.D. Va. 2012)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Jackson L. Kiser on 05/10/2012. (kab)
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CL S OF/I t. DI COUX ERK' GE Js. SX AT M NVI L VA L E, FI I THE UNI STATESDI CT COURT N TED STRI FO R T H E W ESTER N D I STR I O F VI G I I CT R N A R O AN O K E DIVISIO N MAï 2 2 J uL BY: , n * ' EP M A R LO N G .W A TSO N , Pl ntf , ai if Ci lA ct on N o.7: cvvi i 12- 00037 M EM O M N DU M O PI I N N O By: JO H N S.G A R M A N ,etal, . D ef endant s. H on.Jackson L .K i ser Se or U nied St e Di t c Judge ni t at s s ri t ie i l i s om a nt M a l G . a s a V i gi a i a e pr e ng pr K ,fl d a c vi r ght c pl i ron W t on, r ni nm t oce di o . p ru z t 4 U. C. 1 8 wi urs ito v se i 28U. 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Pl ntf e e e t om a nt ai if nt r d he W ARSP i 2008,hebec m eam e be ofaprs g ngi 2009,a W ARSP saf i ntfe n a m r ion a n nd t f de ii d hi a a ga m e be i 2010. Pl i ifi o m e M a he a K i e i 2011 t the no l r m s ng m r n a ntf nf r d t na nd s r n ha onge wan e t be i t ga t sf d be m e known t t ga a a ga m e be t d pl i i f td o n he ng, hi a ca o he ng, nd ng m r ol a ntf t thewoul be sa d orbe t n by a ga m e ha d t bbe ae ny ng mber Pli ifdoe no know whi h ga . antf s t c ng m e rwila tck hi be us new m e mbe l ta m ca e mber a e r c ut d e r da s r e r ie ve y y. Pl ntf t d t V D O C D i e t r a t W A RSP' W a de t the f a ed f rhi ai i f ol he r c o s nd he S r ns ha er o s saf y and i scar t go i o gener popul i , whe e t ga m e be s c n a t k hi . et s ed o nt al aton r he ng m r a tac m Pl i tf hasfl d gr e nc s a doc une s ls i t na e ofga m e be she know sa a n if ie i va e nd t nt i tng he m s ng m r nd r se a ta f ri o pr eci c t ort a dif r ntVD OC ditit butHi ea eque td r ns e nt ot tve usody o fe e src , nkl nd Ga ma ha de e t r ue t de piet ra lt t r c a sf hi . r n ve ni d he eq ss s t hei biiy o e l s iy m Pl ntf hasr ai i s egaton,aw ay f om ot gang m em bersand t general ai if em ned n egr i r her he popul ton. Pl i i fr ce ve a di c plna y i r c i e r t r y da , pm s ntt W A RSP a i 1 a ntf e i s s i i r nf a ton ve y hi t ys ua o polcy,be a epli ifr f e am ont y or rt r tzn t ge r lpopulton.Pl n ifdoe i c us a ntf e us s hl de o elr o ne a ai aitf s notw a t c i ue t pa a tne or s nd tm e i i ol t o f di o yi or s e r m ont nt o ontn o y i pe i n s a i n or s be ng der ve y h un i hi r l s i J y 20l tl s eea e n ul 3.Pli ifc a ntf ompl i t tt co tonsofc i me i ans ha he ndii ontne nt n s gr ga i a e notasf vor bl aspr e tve c t a t the s d notbe co i d i t e e ton r a a e ot c i usody nd ha houl nfne n he W AR SP,a l vel5 f ciiy,bec us he i a l ve 4 i a e e a lt a e s e l nm t . Pl i ifa gue t tde enda si e i ly dir r t pa pa e r s ofha m by a ntf r s ha f nt nt ntona l s ega d he l bl i k r o derng hi ba k i o ge r popul to e r t ry da . Pl i t f r ques sasr le t tl r i m c nt ne al a i n ve y hit ys a n if e t e i f ha de lr t tde e nt vi at pli ifsrght a o de de e ca e ha f nda s ol ed a ntf i s nd r r f ndant t m ovepl i ifi o so antf nt pr ec i c t y,i o a l l4 f c lt o ou oft V D O C W e t r Re on. Pl i ifa s ot tve us od nt eve a iiy, r t he s e n gi a ntf l o r ques sco pe a or a punii da a . e t m ns t y nd tve m ges 1. l Im us di m i s a a ton orc ai f l d by a i a e i 1 de e m i t tt a ton or t s s ny c i l m ie n nm t f t r ne ha he c i ca m i fi ouso f l t sa eacli on whih r i m a be gr nt Se 28U .S. li s rvol r ais o t t am c elef y a ed. e C. j 1 5 e( ) 1 5 b ( ) 4 U. C. 1 9 ec .Th frtsa d r i cud scamsb s d j 91 ()2 , 91 A( )1 ' 2 S. j 9 7 () e is tn ad n l e li a e , upon d i s a y m e il sl ga t or ' S l m s ofi rnge e of a l li e e tw hi h d ndi put bl an r tes e l he y,' d ai c nf i m nt ega nt r s c c e ry doe no e s , o c ai sw he e t Cf c ua c e i nsa e cl a l bas e s' N eiz v. lal s t xit' r l m ' r he ta t l ont nto r e r y el s . ' t ke W iln ,490U. 31 327( 989 .Thes ondsa r i t fmiirsa r f amoto t lims S. 9, 1 ) ec tnda d s he a la tndad or in o dimisunde Fe r lRul ofCi lPr ce e1 b)6) a e i apli ifsf t algains s s r de a e vi o dur 2( ( , cc ptng antf acual le to ast ue A c m pl i ne ( s t pl i s a e e oft cl i s r . o a nt eds 1 hor and a n t t m nt he a m howi t tt pl ade i a ng ha he e r s 1Pl ntf doesnote ai whyorhow l hehasbee i s p egai . ai if xpl n ong nn e ton e tte t rle ' n s fi in ( ta t lalg to . .or iearg t orle a vet e n i d o eif a d u tce t dl cua le ains . t as i h t eif bo h l l s c lt elv l . . l At. r . . mbv 5 0U. 5 4, 5 ( 0 7 (n en lq o ai n pe uai e e . .' l l Co p v Two l, 5 S. 4 5 5 2 0 ) itr a u tto v 'Be maksomitd) A pl ntf' ba i f rle teq r mor t nlbel a c usons ... 1 r te . ai ifs ss or eif û uies e ha a s nd oncl i . ' d. r ' The eor apli ifmus talgefcss t e t saealt elme sofghe cli . Ba s r f e, antf ttle a t ufkint o tt l he e nt t ) am ' s ' v. lDupontdeNe s& Co.324F.d 761 765( h Ci. E.. mour , 3 , 4t r 2003) . D e e m i ng whe he a com pl i s a esa pl us bl c ai f rr le i ta c e - pe ii t r ni t r a nt t t a i e l m o e i f s $ ont xt s c fc ts t tr r t rviwi c tt daw o isj ca e re ea c ak ha equies he e e ng our o r n t udiil xpe inc nd ommonsns ' e e. ' As of v.uba,556U. 662,67879( hcr t l l S. - 2009) Thus ac ts re ngac antunde Rul . , our ce ni ompli r e 1 b)6)c i ntf pladi t taeno e il t a a s i ofttt bec us t y 2( ( an de iy e ngs ha r t ntted o n sumpton rzh a e he c itofno m o et n l be sand c usons I Alhoug 1lbe a l c tuepr ï . onss r ha a l oncl i . d. t h i r ly onsr o . ç . c ant,Hai v. r r 404U. 51 5 21( 972) ldonota ta t i t s ompli s nes Kene, S. 9, 20- 1 , c s he nmae' a dvoca e, ua s e de l ng s a ut y a c tt i lc ai st it a e f ie t cl a l t s pont ve opi t t or nd ons iutona l m he rm t a l d o e r y rieont fc oft c ai .SeeBr kv.Car l 1 F. 241 243( h Ci.1 ) as he a e he ompl nt oc rol, 07 3d , 4t r 997 ( tg,J,c uri ;Bea t v.CiyofHa o 775F. 1 1 ( hCi.1985 .Se Luti . onc rng) udet t mptn, 2d 274, 278 4t r ) e as Gor v. e 574F. 11 1151( hCi.1 )(ec nii t tadititc ur i lo don Le ke, 2d 47, 4t r 975 r og zng ha src o ts note c e t a s et r e ofa xpe t d o s um he ol dvocae f apr y pli ig. t or o ç antf . . Tosaeacam unde j 1 apli ifmus algeShevi ain ofarg s c e by tt li r 983, antf t le k olto t iht e urd t Co tt i a lwsoft Unie Stt ,a mus s he nsiuton nd a he td aes nd t how t tt al ged de i ton wa ha he le prva i s co m it d by a pe s ac i unde c orofs a e l w .' W e tv.At ns 487 U .S. 48( 988 . m te r on tng r ol tt a ' s ki , 42, 1 ) Prs ofk i sc t be f und la e u rt Ei h Am e e f f ii t pr t c a ion t al amot o i bl nde he ght ndm nt o< a lng o o e , n t i a e unl s t of i i know s ofa exc s i r s ofda rt i a e hea t and s e y, a nm t e s he f c al n e s ve i k nge o nm t lh af t nd t ofi a kno i y and de i r e y a t ,o f l t ac, i a m anne t tuni l i r as s he fcil w ngl lbe atl c s r ais o t n r ha que y nc e e t r s Far er v.Br he i k. m ennan,511 U . 825, 837(1 4) Rihv. u 1 F. 33 338- ( h S. 99 ; c Br ce, 29 3d 6, 40 4t Ci.1 ) r 997 . P an ifc n t sa ls t a d fn a t s be tdpanift a e c siers o d n e litf a no e tbih h t ee d n s u j ce litf o n x e sv ik f a g r be a e he r m a nsi s gr ga i a s f f om g ng m e be s Pl i if c ede t tW AR SP c us e i n e e ton nd a e r a m r . a ntf onc s ha s a falow pl i i ft r m ai i s r ton,de pie r a e y di obe ng or r t r t n t tf l a ntf o e n n eg ega i s t epe t dl s yi de s o e ur o ge r popul to The c t ofpl ntf ' choi e t r m a n s r t d i an u pec f e fne ne al a i n. os s ai if s c o e i eg ega e s ns ii d i , l s c f ra ec tonsofc i me ,a a uns cii t r ofiol ton. e s om o tbl ondii onfne nt nd n pe fed e m s ai A lho h pl i i fi f us r t d by of i i l 'de s onst ke hi i s r to a a t ug a ntf s r t a e fc a s ci i o ep m n eg ega i n t l ve 5 f iiy, antf f ist de c i a condii ofconfne e i s gr to o iol to e l ac lt pli if al o s rbe ny ton i m nt n e egai n r s ai n t tco tt e cue a unus punihment eAlg v. oni ,7 F. 10 11 ( h ha nsiuts r l nd ual s .Se lood M s 24 2d 98, 01 4t Ci.1 4)( di t tde i to i ve bymeeplc me i s gr to doe notvi ae r 98 hol ng ha prvains nvol d r a e nt n e egain s olt t Eiht Ame he g h ndment.An i t doesnotha aco tt i rghtt beplc i a ) nmae ve nsiutonal i o a ed n s e i cs c rt ca sfc to , n c so il lsiiain d n t raeamao dsu to i a p ct e u i lsiiain a d u t da ca sfc to s o o c e t i y j r ir pin n p io e ' e vr me t Sa d nv. l r 51 U. 4 2, 6 8 ( 9 5 .S ae ma ce t rs n rs n ion n . n i Come, 5 S. 7 48 - 7 1 9 ) tts y r ae lbe t i e es spr e t d by t D ue Pr s Cl e w he e t f e dom f om r t a nti pos d i ry nt r t ot c e he oce s aus r he r e r es r i m e t t pi ala sgni ntha ds p on t i a e i r l ton t t o di r i i nt ofprs n s y c nd i fca a r hi he nm t n e a i o he r na y nc de s io lf ... I a 484. To s t de i ton ofalbe t i e es r r ng c t ie. ' d. t ' how he prvai i ry ntr t ega di usody cl s tca i ns an i a e m us s as ii t o , nm t t how e t rt tt c tons e ee t s nt e i pos d i ihe ha he ondii xc d he e enc m e n s h a une ct d m a ra t gi r s t p o e ton by t D ue Pr es Cl us ofisow n uc n xpe e nne s o ve i e o r t c i he oc s a e t f r ,ort tt c i m e cr a e a a ypialorsgnii a ha ds p andt tt sat has o ce ha he onfne nt e t s n t c i fc nt r hi ha he t e gr nt d isi a e ,by r ul ton orby sa ut apr e t d lbe t i er ti r m a ni f ee f om a e t nm t s eg a i t t e, ot c e i r y nt es n e i ng r r t contnem entorr t ai 1 at483hat i es r nt. d. 84. Bas d upon t ale d f c s pl i ifscls ii ton doe note e a s nt nc i s h e he l ge a t , antf a sfcai s xc ed e e e n uc a e r wa a t gi rs t t pr t to oft DuePr es Clus by isown f c . See n xteme y s o ve ie o he o eci n he oc s a e t or e Beveaiv. t 1 F. 500,5 ( h Ci.1 ( di t ta nitai s grgain f< rt Smih, 20 3d 03 4t r 997) hol ng ha dmi srtve e e to o s x m ont w ih ver i hum an was e;tooded t l 'unbe a e he t col f i hs t m n; t l oiet ar bl a ; d ood;di t cl t ng, ry o hi , lne ,a bed ng;l rperodsi cel no outi r r a i n'no ed a i orr lgi i ns nd di onge i n l; sde ec e to , uc tonal ei ous sr ie ;a ls f wa nots aypi last i esgnii a hads p) Nordoesa e vc s nd e s ood s o t ca o mpos i tc nt r hi . n i r s i s c iy cl s ii a i co tt e a (a ypi land s g t c nt' r hi i r l ton t nc ea e n e ur t a s f c ton ns iut n û t ca i nii a ' ha ds p n e a i o t or na y i i nt ofpr s lf be us a prs rhasno co tt i lr gh t r m a n he di r nc de s i on i e ca e i one ns iutona i t o e i i a c r t d i a pa tc a pr s n o t be hel i a s cii s urt c a s fca i Se M oodv nc r e a e n r i ul r i o r o d n pe fc ec iy l s i i ton. e v Da c t, 29U. 7 , 8n. ( 9 6 (ee t aprs n rsag me t h tap n i gwa n . c et4 S. 8 8 9 1 7 ) rj ci ng io e' r u n t a e d n nu t a deai ra r e y a f c edhi p ion cas iia i a qualt a i f i tt i nd t ne dve s l fe t s rs l sfc ton nd ik ton or nsiutonal pr a s be a e not(e r s a e a ton c r yi a r e cons que e f pr s i a e ogr m c us t ve y t t c i a r ng dve s e nc s or i on nm t s a omaial a tvae aduepr es rg ) Ac or ngl pl ntf fist saeacam upon ut tc ly ci ts oc s ihf'. c di y, ai if al o tt li whi h r i m a be gr nt d. c elef y a e Fort f egoi r s ,ldimist a nde compli wihoutprj c f fii he or ng ea ons s s he me d ant t eudi. or alng e t saeacam u o wh c r l f yb g a td p ru n t 28U. C.j1 1 A( )1, n o tt li p n ih ei ma e r ne , u s a t o e S. 9 5 b()a d de a m o pl ntf ' m oton f r cons de a i ofm y pror Or r de ng a m oton f a ny s ot ai i f s i or e i r ton i de nyi i or p ei n r ij n to r l ay nu cin. mi TheClr i diecedt s ndeo esoft sM e o a ek s r t o e pi hi m r ndum Opi on a t ac ompan ng ni nd he e yi O r rt pl i tf . de o a n if E E T i/ c dyo Ma,02 NT R: hs - a f y2 1. 1 S ni U nied St t s Di t i tJ or t a e s rc udge
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