-RSB Lightner v. Zych, No. 7:2011cv00534 - Document 3 (W.D. Va. 2011)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Samuel G. Wilson on 11/30/2011. (tvt)
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CLERKSOFFI u.t tI l CE , ATROAN d )S 'COURT OKE, A V FIED L N0V 32 2 1 21 F RT EWEEE TDE RC RFVRU T I T HU ISDS AISDS O TIOII O HE NTT R TS IT I CGRA N N T C N Dp . (' Eu &. R v , , JULI -' av: A C, DUDL ,CLER: R O A NO K E DIVISI N O DAVI FI D TZGEM LD LI GHTNER, Peii r, ttone CHRI STOPHER ZYCH, Re po nt s nde . ) ) ) ) ) ) ) C i lAc i No.7: c vi t on 11 v00534 M EM ORANDVM OPJ ON NI By:Samue G.W is l l on U nied St esD i ri Judge t at st ct Pe ii r D a d Fiz r l Li t r a f er li a e pr ee ng pr s ,brngs t s a ton ttone vi t ge a d gh ne , ed a nm t oc di o e i hi c i purua t 28U. C.j2241 Li ne cl mst thei acualyimo ntofvi ai 21U. C.j s nt o S. . ght r ai ha s t l l ce oltng S. 8 1b ( )A) te saue u d rwh c h wa c n itd a d o h sc r e ofe d rsau . Upo 4 ( )1( , h tt t n e ih e s o vce , n f i ae r fn e tt s n r viw of t pe ii n,t c tc ude t tLi ne ha f l t de onsr t e ilme t e e he tto he our oncl s ha ght r s aied o m ta e ntte nt o r le und j2 a t eor dimis hi peii eif er 241 nd,herf e, s ses s tton. 1. OnJ l 8 2 0 , fe aj r til nteW etr Ditito No t Ca oia t ec u t nee uy , 0 4 a tr u y ra i h sen src f rh r l ,h o r e trd n j d me tc n itn Lih n ro c n prngt p se swi teitn t d srb t c c ieb s ,i u g n o v ci g g t e f o s ii o o s s t h n e t o itiue o an a e n h vi ai of21U. C.j 846 a posesi wih i e t diti e 5 grmso mo eofco i olton S. nd s sng t ntnt o srbut 0 a r r cane bas ,i vi ain of1 U. C.j 8 ()1 .Thecou tsntnc d Li trt lf i ionme .The e n olto 8 S. 41a( ) r e e e ghe o ie mprs nt Cour of Appea s f t Fou t Cic t afi m e Li ne ' c cton and s nt nc s Unie t l or he r h r ui fr d ght r s onvi i e e e, ee td Stt v.Liht r No.94- 41( h Ci.J 27,1 ) and t Supr me Co toft Unie aes R ne, 55 4t r une 996 , he e ur he td Stt de e hi peii f wrtofc ri ai seUnie Sttsv.Liht r No.9 58 ( t 1 aes nid s tton or i e torr, e td ae g ne, 6- 47 Oc. 5, 1 ) Li ne c le d t l lt ofhi convito a sntnc i amoton t va ae st 996 . ght r halnge he egaiy s cin nd e e e n i o c t, e asde orc r ts ne e puruantt 28 U. C.j 225 fld i t W etr DititofNorh i , orec e tnc s o S. 5 ie n he sen src t Car i whi t court di i ed as untm el fl olna, ch he sm ss i y ied. See Li ner v. Unied St es, N o. cht t at 3: c 01 v580 ( . N. Nov.9,2011 . The Fourh Cic tdimisd hi a a,s Liht rv. W D. C. ) t rui s se s ppe l ee g ne UniedStt , 018050 ( h Ci.M a 1 2002) a t SuprmeCour de e hi peii f t aes No. 4t r y 7, , nd he e t nid s tton or wrtofcetorz,s eLi ne v.Unie Stts No.0 5450( t7,2002) i ri a i e aht r td ae , 2Oc. . l hi i tntj2241peii Li t ra g t thei a t lyimoc ntofposesi wih n s nsa tton, ghne r ues ha s cual r e s sng t t i e t diti e50gr o mor ofcoc i bae,i vi ain ofj841b)1( ,b a et he ntnt o srbut nms r e ane s n olto ( ( )A) ec us he ofe e no l re ssunde t Fai Se e i Act1 H e as ar st tt pr di ae ofe e fns onge xit r he r nt ncng . lo gue ha he e c t f ns s us t e t bls hi ca ee ofe rsausno l rq lf aspr di a eofe es ed o sa ih s r r f nde tt onge uaiy e c t f ns . II . Or naiy,apettonpu s ntt 28U. C.j225 n0t28U. C.j22 ,i t a oprae di rl ii rua o S. 5, S. 41 s he ppr it ve cef c lngi ac ci ort i ii ofasntnc 2un1s amotonpurua t j hil or hale ng onviton he mposton e e e, e s i s nt o 2255 i tnade t at i feci ' frt e pupos . l r J s 226 F. 328,333-4 ( h s i quae l ne f tve' o hos r es n e one , i d 3d 3 4t Ci.2 0 ) r 0 0. petton puru t j 2255 i tna quae a i feci ' t c le t ii s ant o s d de t nd nef tve' o halnge he i i ii ofa s ntnc onl whe ( )s tld 1w etbls d t lgalt oft c ci or mposton e e e y n 1 ete a sa ihe he e iy he onviton s nt e a t tme i ed;( atrt prs rhasco ee hi a land frtj 225 e enc t he i mpos 2) fe he ione mpltd s ppea is 5 moton,a c nge i s t ntve 1w r nde s t c i ha n ubsa i a e r he onduc f whih t prs rwa c c e no t or c he ione s onvit d lng rci na;a ()t prs rca s tsy t gaeke pi pr sonsofj2255 b a e o e rmi l nd 3 he ione nnot aif he t e ng ovii ec us t ne r l i notone of c tm to llw m a r toa tve y a i bl t c e on c lt r l he w u e s onsi i na a de er c i l pplca e o as s ola e a r vi w . I Li ner s pe ii doe no i c t a r s ti whi h hi c e m e t t sand r e e d. ght ' tton s t ndi a e ny e pec n c s as e s he t a d unde I r J ss ast quaiy f c i rton u rj2241. Spe fc ly,t sco ee nt r n e one o o lf or onsdeai nde ciial he e nd lme of t t s r qui e t t t ubs a i l w c nge s h t t t conduc of w hi t pr s r w a he e t e r s ha t t ntve a ha d uc ha he s t ch he i one s l Thecour not t tt Fai Se e ng Act whih i r s d t am ount ofc a c ne t ttigersa uor t es ha he r ntnci , c ncea e he s r ck ocai ha rg tt t y ma d tr mii m sne c si 2lU. C.j 8 ( ) i n trto cie a d i,t rfr,ia pl a l t Lihn rs n ao y nmu e tn e n S. 4lb, s o era t n s heeo e n p i be o g te ' v c s ne e S eUntdSae v Glno , 5F d. p . 9 , 9 (t Ci. C. 0l ) UntdSae v Diz 6 F.d e tnc . e i tts . a tn 41 e Ap x 4 2 4 4 4h r S. 2 1' i tts . a , 27 3 e , e 9 0 ( d Ci. 01 ) Un td S a e v Br we , 2 F.d 9 0 9 9 n7 ( t Ci. 01 ) Un td S a e v. l 6 4 F.d 8 3 3 2 r 2 0 ; ie t ts . e r 6 4 3 0 , 0 . 8 h r 2 0 ; ie tt s Be l 2 3 0 , , 8 4 (t Ci.2 0 ; i d Sae v Go s 6 1F3 143 14 ( lhCi.2 0 ; i d Sae v Cardn , 2l 1 7h r 01 ) Unt tts . me, 2 .d 3 , 3 6 1 t r 01 ) Unt tts . ra ie 6 e e F.d 5 5 5 0( t Ci. 01 ) 3 7 , 8 6h r2 0 . 2Se Unie Stt v. Lil,3 2 F.d6 (t Ci.2 0 )(t )atc o tee e uin o ()sne c a d n ta e td aes t e 9 3 7l 4h r 0 4 tAn ta k n h x c to f a e tn e n o t ( c ltrltako (jcn ito . .i) o el bo g t n e 2 U. C. j2 4l'.< hba ptto ud r j ol ea atc n a o vcin . (sprpry ru h u dr 8 S. A. 2 .) û aes eiin n e a ' A 2 41mu th we e, efldi t dsrc i whc tep io e i c nie ' I r J n s 2 6F.d3 , 3 ( hCi. 2 s, o v r b ie n he ititn lh h rs n r s o fn d. n e o e , 2 3 28 3 2 4t r ' 2 0 )( i n 2 U. . j2 41a ) 0 0 ct g 8 SC. 2 () . i c c e i de m e nott be c i i . l Thi sae e t has notbe n e e d t i l onvit d s e d o rm nal' d. ' s tt m n e xt nde o nc ude s nt nc ng c l ultonsm a pur ua t t Se e i Gui elnes Unied St t v.Pe tf r 61 e e i ac ai de s nt o he ntnc ng d i . t aes tio d, 2 F.d 270,284 ( h Ci.2010 ( di t tl t i e e a isi t co e ofha t 3 4t r ) hol ng ha t ual nnoc nc pple n he ntxt ac biual of e r pr s o onl w he e t c le f nde ovi i ns y r he ha l nge t e i i lt s e s f o f c ua i enc of t o lg biiy t m r m a t l nnoc e he prdi t ci ,a notfom t lgalcl sfc ton oft pr di t c i s' se as Unie e cae rmes nd r he e asiiai he e cae rme . e lo td l; S ae v. ooe 5 1F.d26 ,2 7n. ( t Ci. 0 8 (Fo rh Cic i p e e e th slk wie n t tts P l, 3 3 3 6 7 4h r 2 0 ) t u t rut rc d n a i e s o t e e ed t ra h oft s ngs ca e t t e peii r c le ng onl t i sntnc ' xtnd he e c he avi lus o hos ttone s halngi y her e e e.) ' (ii l r J s, F. a 333- .Cla l t r ha bee no c ngei t 1w ma nginow ctng n e one 226 3d t 34) e ry hee s n ha n he a ki t l galt c pie t pos e s wih t i e t dit i t c a ne bas or t pos e s wih i e t e o ons r o s s t he nt nt o s rbu e oc i e o s s t nt nt o diti e 5 gr m sorm or ofcoc i bas Ac or ngl t c t i t tLi ne f ist m e t srbut 0 a e a ne e. c di y,he our fnds ha ght r a l o e t l rJ he n e onessandadt s t tj225 i i de t t t tt lgaiy ofhi c ci a t r o how ha 5 s na quae o es he e lt s onviton, nd hi cli camo beadd e s unde j22413 s ams r t r sed r . 11 1. Fort r as s a e he ei t cour di m i s s Li t r s pe ii he e ons t t d r n, he t s s e gh ne ' tton. The Cl r i die t d t s nd a ce tf e copy of t s M e or ndum Opi on a ek s rce o e rii d hi m a ni nd a com pa ng O r rt pe ii r c nyi de o ttone . D , é .' . . T , . ... . -.; ,.,p' .' ..ul3 ..(' '. . . , ENTER : s 30 h da ofN ove be , Thi t y m r 2011. . . ,.' .. p# . . .z .'' ' ?. w. ' .&. .. 4 vr x' k : ; 4 1 nle St t DltltJ t d aes src udge 3Th c u t e l e t c n tu Li hn rsp t i n a a j 2 5 moi n. Frt j2 5 moinsmu tb b o g ti te e o r d ci s o o gr e g t e ' e i o s n t 2 5 to is, 2 5 t o s e ruh n h c utwhc i oe te sne c . S e 2 U. C.j 2 5 .seas S i v.Prslv,43 U..3 2,3 8 (9 7 . o r ih mp sd h e tn e e 8 S. 2 5 e lo wan , ese 0 S 7 7 1 7 ) Se o d Lihn rh sara y tld a j2 5 moin i te Wetr Ditito No t Caoia l o d rt tl a c n , g t e a le d ie 25 to n h sen src f rh rln . n re o ie s cesi j 2255 moton i t dititc t he mus r ei pr flng a horzai fom t a oprae c r of uc sve i n he src our, t ec ve e-ii ut i ton r he ppr it ou t a pe l.S ej2 5 .Be a s Lihn rh sn t e n tae ta teUntdSae Co r o Ap e l frteF u t p as e 25 1) c u e g te a o d mo srtd h t h i tts u t f p as o h o rh e Ci uth sis e h m p e fln a t o iai nt s b t s c n o s c e sv j2 5mo i n t ed src c u t a n r i a s u d i r -i g u h rz to o u mia e o d r u c s ie 25 to , h itit o r h s o c i jrs cint c n ie temeiso hsj2 5 cams Ac odn l,tec utd e n tf ta ta se o ace ry uidito o o sd r h rt f i 2 5 li . c rigy h o r o s o i h trn fr f lal nd s ce sv j2 5 moint tesne cn c u t utesteitrsso j sieo j dca e o my.Th rfr,hi u c sie 2 5 to o h e tn ig o r frh r h neet f utc r u iil c no eeoe t s c tde i st c tuea ta f Liht rspetto our clne o onsr nd r nser g ne ' iin. 3
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