Coleman v. Jabe et al, No. 7:2011cv00518 - Document 69 (W.D. Va. 2013)

Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Samuel G. Wilson on 3/25/2013. (tvt)

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cl v iOF I us Dlmcour E FCE s A R A 6K ,A T o N Ã¹v FlEo u I THE UNI N TED STATES DI STRI CO URT CT FO R TH E W ESTERN DI STRI OF VI NI CT RGI A R O AN O K E DI I O N V SI JEFFREY COLEM AN, RAq 25 2 1 03 JULA . I BY; , ERK Ci lAe i No.7: c 051 vi ton 11 v0 8 Pl ntf , ai if M EM OM NDUM OPI GN NI V. JO H N JABE e/al. . Def ndant . e s By:Sa ue G.W is m l l on Unie St t Dit i tJudge t d a es s r c Pli ifJ fr y Col ma aVigi ai aepr e ngpr s brngst saci antf e fe e n, r ni nm t oc edi / e, i hi ton plruan t 42 U. C.j1 a t Rei ousLa Us a l tt i lz Pe s Act42 zs t o S. 983 nd he lgi nd e nd nsiutonaied rons , U. C. 2 0 c - e s q (< PA' a ans t eVigni De a t n o Co rcins S. j 0 0 c 1 t e . ' RLUI ), g i t h r i a p rme t f re to (Ã§ Ã§ VDOC' a dago pof ' n r u VDOC e l y e f rd ma e ,nu tverle , n d caaoy ) mp o e s o a g s ij nci eif a d e lrtr r le t r dr s a ntm be ofa l ed w r e i f o e es l r leg ongs r l t t Col m a sr lgi pr c i s Col m a s e a ed o e n' e i ous a tce . e n' cl i s o i naly ca e t t c t n t f m ofa 1l pag gog- r r ph c pl i a i t a m r gi l m o he our i he or s- e, pa ag a om a nt ga ns t nt t na e de e nt a a i t r i t numbe ofÃ§l we y-wo m d f nda s nd n nde e m na e r Ã§ nknown me be soft f t l m r he aih r vi w c m it e. A fe r e i Col m a sor gi lc pl i , he c tor r hi t fl e e om te ' t r evi w ng e n' i na om a nt t our de ed m o ie ' a ame n ndedc antt tc i wihFe r Rul ofCi lPr e e8() Colma s ompli ha ompled t deal e vi oc dur a. e n' t ry-hr epagen e ded c hit t e m n ompl i , t ant hough s re t hi orgi lcompl ntlc a nst n ho tr han s i na ai onti e gr oupsofc am sg ounded on a a r y ofsaut y a c tt i lpr vii , c e va i l 2 li r n ra t t or nd onsiutona o sons ons r tve y t a i s xt one di tnc a l ed vi atonsoft l w ,e h ofwhi h i te t pa tc a ot lng i p s i t leg ol i he a ac c s i d o r i ul r 1Colm a na edf rdefnda si hi a e e n m ewe e nt n s m ndedcompl nt Ther ni de e t a eV DOC is l; ai . emai ng f ndan s r tef Har d Clr ,D ie t ofVD OC;J m J be,De yD iecorofVD OC;Ro r Bi , DOC Re onal ol a ke r cor ol a put r t be t vens V gi Ombuds n;Loui B.Ce,t he d oft VDOC Fat Revi Commite;unknown me r oft Faih ma s i he a he ih ew te mbe s he t Re e Co te Sa lyYo n , ad no Po a na Stt Cor cina Ce tr(TS '; t rn Ttne, viw mmite; tne u g W re f cho ts ae re t l ne < CC' Caheie u r o I Hum anRi sAdvoc ea PSCC;K . Rihads cha an a PSCC;a DaveH a m ond,team e pr gr m ght at t S. c r on, pli t nd m r t nt o a s rvs ra PSCC. upe io t 2Des t t lnguagehe e t c tlber l consr Colm a scam s Se Bea t v. t of pie he a r , he our i aly tues e n' li . e udet Ciy Ha o 7 5F.d 1 7 ,1 7 -7 (t Ci.1 8 ) mptn, 7 2 2 4 2 7 8 4h r 9 5 . ij n tv r le, e lrt r rle, n g s o s mec mbnainof h tr e l r s o s ,h nu cie eif d caao y eif d ma e , r o o i to t e h e . n e p n e te d fn a t fld atit-iepa emoinf rml r j d me t t sve t fvep g sof ee d n s ie hry fv - g t o mmay u g n wih e ny-i a e o afi visa ot re bis a t c tr f redt m a trt Unie St t sM agita eJ e fda t nd he xhi t, nd he our e e r he te o t d a e sr t udg PnmeaM e deSar ntf aRe t Re omme tonptrua t 28U. C.j636( ( )B) l a ge or por and c ndai ls nt o S. b)1( . The M ag sr t J i t a e udge ha fl a t oug ei y-our page r por r c m e ng t tt co t s ied hor h, ght f e t e om ndi ha he ur g a t h d f n a t' to f rsl r u g n o ma yo Coe n' cams Co e n r n t e ee d ns mo in o l mmayj d me t n n f lma s li . lma h sfldaln tyo j cint t Re o t n Re o n ain i wh c h ma e rpeiie a ie e gh be to o he p r a d c mme d to n ih e k s e t v t a ofe f i ousa g e sr r ng e h oft r por ' fndi a c us ons See e. , nd tn r vol r um nt ega di ac he e ts i ngs nd oncl i . . c. Ob e to s4 ECF No 5 (ls ct al o j c t e e ye tnso o i mi t a y j cin , . 7 1 pe i l b e t o v r xe in f mmt t o n G k y y de e n bec us i vi aest s r i wiloft pe eofVigi at tours r a sa e f nda t a e t ol t he ove e gn l he opl r ni ha e v nt r n n b et usa a1 i s'.Ha igr ve dt eRe r a dRe o n ain t eo j cin me a l o t 1tme . ) vn e iwe h po t n c mme d to ,h b e to s t r t a petne pori oft r or denovoi a or ncewih j636( ( ) t c t he eo, nd ri nt tons he ec d n cc da t b)1 ,he our o rue Colma ' o j cin , etrtspo t nso t Re o t n Re o nd to a d ver ls e n s b e to s rieae ri f he p r a d c mme ain, n o adopt i i part s tn . 1. Uns r ii y, u prsngl VDOC ha i e nt d polcesandpr e est tpl c c ran s mpl me e ii oc dur ha a e e ti r t i tons o isi a e 'beha or Fori t e, D OC polc alow s i a est pos e sup t esr c i n t nm t s vi . nsanc V iy l nm t o s s o t veco pa dic ,but i t i e essofs curt and c tc anm e , equie t i es wel m ct s s , n he ntr t e iy os ont i nt r r s hat nmat pur s a1t i rlgi non- i c cha e 1 her ei ous musc ompa tdic fo J sExpr sM uscCÃ§EM ' . c s s rm one es i J '3 ) Si ia l V D OC polc a l w s i a est pos e s o ,one ounc bo te ofnonfnm m abl m l ry, i y lo nm t o s s ne e tl l e t a roi' a a gi n tm e, r quiest ti a e pur ha e t pr yero 1f om K e e t ye l' t ny ve i but e r ha nm t s c s he a pr i r ef 3J i as l Vigi a ba edmalor ermuscco ny.I a i t wan sapa tcul c EM s mal r ni- s i- d i mpa f n nmae t ri ar ompa dic ct s t tJ doesnotofe ,hei t ma or rt c ha EM fr t nmae y de he ompac dict oughhi f iiy' c anori tmtona t s hr s aclt s hapli nsi i l m a ge e .Thos co pac ds a et n a ia ef c c ou fo t c pl n orfom t lbr r na m nt e m t ics r he valbl or he k- t r m he ha ai r he i ay. Com m i s r A no he V D O C polc r quiesi a est ke p t i pa l r l d dow n be o s a y. t r i y e r nm t o e he r nt egs olt lw t i n e a nott ked i t t i s ksors s And,mde VDOC polc a t tme her nkls nd uc n o her oc hoe . t r i y t he i Col man fl t saci n,i t sc d no gr be r t es doi s wa ame c l e ied hi to nma e oul t ow a ds ml s ng o s di a nec s iy.( e st VDOC hassnc atr disgr ngpolc a i tsma now gr beadsup i e le e t oomi iy, nd nmae y ow r t onequa trofa i hi lngt ) o - re n nc n e h. V D OC a s i pos polc esdi e ty r a ed t i a e 'r i ouspr c i es U nde l o m es i i r c l el t o nm t s elgi a tc . r VDOC polc Vigni core tona f c ltess r et Comm on Fa editt i m a e who ha iy, r i a r c i l a iii e v he r e o n ts ve s cilr lgi dit r ne .TheComm on Far diti desg d t m e tt nutii na a pe a ei ous e a y eds e e s i ne o e he rto l nd r i i nee ofawi va it ofr lgi gr ,i l ng M usi sa J ws SeeM a s n elg ous ds de re y e i ous oups ncudi lm nd e . dio v. r i i, 4 F.d 1 8, 2 ( t Ci. 0 6 ; o lav. g lne No 701c - 0 , 0 6 Vigna 47 3 1 1 3 4h r 2 0 ) Ac o l An eo , . : -v 01 08 2 0 W L 938731 a *4( . Va. pt 1, , t W D. Se . 2006) Prort 2008,ha dits idCommonFae . i o t t e upple r pm i i nt wih kos rmea t e tmesawee VDOC ha snc r plce t e s r i wih cpa s t he t hr e i k. s i e e a d hos e vngs t s pr en- ed e r s whih r duce t c toft Common Fa e ditfo a a r geof oy- ot i bas ntee , c e d he os he r e r m n ve a $6. pe ofe r pe da t $3. 0pe da cl e t t $2. c toft r gul ri ae dit 00 r f nde , r y, o 1 r y- os r o he 00 os he e a nm t e . ( eCo nFaed e as icu e p oen i tefr o e g ,u a a dp a u b te. I Th mmo r it lo n ld s rti n h om f g s tn , n e n t u tr) n a he exa e, not r mpl VDOC polc r tit im a e fom pr yi i t Ã§ 'c iy esrc s n t s r a ng n he t pod' ommon ar a. e l a e m a how e r c nm t s y, ve , onduc r lgi sudy i t pod a e s l a no m or t n fve t e i ous t n he r a, o ong s e ha i i ae sta a onet bl andt aci t i srcty r i i ,c nm ts i t ny a e he tviy s ti l elg ous onduc e quity,and doe no td el s t i l sr nc ude e moni i orpr ye .I tad ofpr yi i t pod,i t a e al wedt pr y i t i zng a r nse a ng n he nma es r lo o a n her c l,durng t i we kl r lgi meei ,ori gr els i her e y e i ous tngs n oupsi t r cr a i ya d. n he e e ton r To f ciia ei aes r i ouspr tc ,VDOC f iii se oy 1 f iiy Cha an or a ltt nm t ' elgi ac ies aclte mpl G aclt a pl i vol ee Cha anwho (e v jasa a aef e tbl a ommodai ofalrlgi unt r pli s r es n dvoc t or quia e cc ton l ei ous f ihs' Af . ECF No. - Bec us t E at . f 7, ' 38 5. a e he t tt i n ofVigi apr hi t t us of consiuto r ni o bis he e Ge r Fundr ve st s r rlgi ...g)Cha ansaee oye byt Cha ai neal e nue o uppo t ei on , pli r mpl d he pl n Ser ce oft Chtr he ofV igi a, nc. a e vol e r .' I Cha a n Se vi e oft vi he lc s r ni I or r unt e s ' d. pl i r c he Chur he ofVigi a I ,i tu',s ontac swih M usi Cha an Se v c st t ovi c s r ni , nc. n t n ubc r t t lm pl i r i e o s pr de f onna M usi worhi r lgi e to pasor lcot elng a VD OC a ovedm aera s' l lm s p, e i ous ducai n, t a ms i nd ppr t il ' (uc a Qura ) a ot ge r ls ppo t Af.2 ECFNo. 1.VDOC f ndst e s h s 'ns, nd her ne a u r. f -3, 38u hes s viesfom t pr edsofpur ha e t ti t s prs n e oye ,a prs n viior ma er c r he oce c s s ha nma e , io mpl es nd i o st s ke a t c mis r whih m a up t E m mi s r f nd. t he om s a y, c ke he i co say u ' ' The c pl i a Col n' f ha an t ema s onne r sde ,Poc hont sSt t Co r c i lCe e r e i nce a a ae r e tona ntr (TSCC',i Cha anRihads Colma camst tRiha ds fvo sChrsini tsa Ã§ ' s pli c r on. e n li ha c r on a r ita nmae t ) PSCC,ha heprnt l e ne a tc esf mos r i ousg oupsbutnotf M usi ,t the t t i s ntr t ril or t elgi r or lms ha r f s st esa ih aÃ§dic e i yfm d,4t ther us t s ii r lgi ma e i l f e u e o t bls Ã§ s r tonm' t ' ha ' ef es o olct ei ous t ra s or M usi i a e , ha her f s st a ntCol ma a t Ã§laion'f t M usi i aesa lm nm t s t t e u e o ppoi e n s he Ã§i s ' or he lm nm t t PSCC,t the hasr t la e ag ns Col m a f f lng g i va s a i thi , t the ha e a i t d ai t e n or ii r e nce ga ns m and ha s he e Ei ulAdhapr ye i ar c duld d- a r n oom wihpit e ont wa l t cur s he l.Colm a m a smia e n kes i lr cai sa ns VDOC' Fat Re e Comm iteand ishe Loui Ce . Hecai st tCe l m gai t S ih viw te t ad, s i l m ha i a t Fat Re e Com miter c zemany ditnc gr nd he ih viw te e ogni si t oupsofPr t san sbutr f s t oe t t eue o r c nie Salf M usi sa aditnc gr e og z ai lm s si t oup, ndr f s t a horzet Fas ofAs aasa a e u e o ut i he t hur M us i hol da lm y y. Col n' many c ema s ompli t ha 1 d t hi e e i i er c i wih VDOC gre nc a n s ve e o s xtnsve nt a ton t i va e pr dur s a t e pl esw ho ha e i a e g i va e ,a t e i e a tonsha l t oce e nd he m oye ndl nm t r e nc s nd hos nt r c i ve ed o cl i she e. Col m a c ai st def nt Tlr ,Bi ns H n m ond,W a d, Y o ha am r e n l m hat enda s zner ve , m r and ung ve 4Acc di t VD OC ope ai pr edm e,t dic einay fm d i f t ied, no r quied,a ea h or ng o r tng oc he s r to r t s i horz but t e r t c au f ciiy.'Af.1 ECFNo.38- I af iiy e tbls sadic ei r f nd,i t ma c rbut t i a t a lt ' f 4, 5. f aclt sa ihe s r tona y u nmaes y onti e o t nd he c a anma us c nrb e fn st p rh s b o ,td macil, o nt fihoj cs musc l h pli y e o tiutd u d o u c a e o ks su y trasc mmu iy at be t, ia i tu nt,andt lke.I nsr me s he i d. 4 i e f r i va i w a w ih Col m a s a t m pt t e us hi ad i s tvt r m e e t t nt r e ed n r ous ys t e n' t e s o xha t s m ni ka i e di s, ha heha be n ove c r d f rc es a t thi g iva sha r uledi prs ofk i l s e r ha ge o opi , nd ha s re nce ve es t n ion t a s r f sngt gv hi aj bi t elw lb ay( e pt , r s ma l t j bq aiiain rs li e u i o ie m o n h a irr d s ie p e u by,he o u l c to s eu t f ng fom Colma sye r ofltgai e re ei t f rlc t) r e n' a s ii ton xpeinc n he edea ours. Col man fl hi c e ied s ompli onNove be 2,2011, l hewashous d a PSCC. ant m r whie e t VDOC h ssn eta serdCo e nt Aug t Co rcin l n e (W CC' i Cris il, a ic r n f re lma o usa re to a Ce tr Ã» ' n ag vle ) V igi a. Col m an c ai st the i a Ã§ i e e pr c i ng,Sa af M us i . r ni e l m ha s t nc r , a tci s li lm ' ' II. S vea o Co e n' camsf rijmci ea dd caao yr l faemo t Aswi a1 e rl f lma s li o n t tv n e lrt r ei r o . e t l h c s sp e e tdf rfd r lc u t dudc to G na ma c nr v rymus b e tn a al tg s a e rs n e o e e a-o r a j iain,t c l o to e s a t e x a t t 1 sa e ofr e notm e el a t tmet compl nti fld. W hieTai Pa k. nc. Sto eviw, r y t he i he ai s ie ' ' t l r I v. r ube,41 3 F. 451 457( h Ci.2005) A c ei moo i tiha i crumsa st tprvalda t 3d , 4t r . as s t fic nges n ic tnce ha e ie t he begi ng oft lt g ton ha f es a l d a occ s on f m ea ngf r le .' I um aa v. nni he ii a i ve or t le ny a i or ni ul e i f '' nc Ozmi ,507F. 281, ( hCi. )( i W hii v. a s r 391F.d 5 5 ( nt 3d 286 4t r 2007 quotng tnc Krsne, 3 40, 45 3d Ci. 0 4 l ti c s , r 2 0 :. n h s a e VDOC h sta fre Coe nfo PS t ACC.Co e u n l, a rnser d lma r m CC o nsq e ty hi camsf ijmci a de l aor r le a ns t PSCC deenda s( s li or n t tve nd cart y eif gai t he f nt Young,Tunwr , Rihads a Ha nd)aemootbe us a s hor rt c ti edo t e c r on, nd mmo r ca e ny uc de he our mpos n hos de enda swo d ha no e f cton Col ma Li wie, f nt ul ve fe e n. ke s VDOC hasr c nty i tt e apolc e e l nsiut d iy t alow s i a e t gr be r up t one- rerofa i h i l ngt es e i ly gi ng hat l nm t s o ow a ds o qua t n nc n e h, s nta l vi Col m a t gr i polc r le he s ksher Ac r ngl t c tdimi s sa moot e n he oom ng- i y e if ee e. co di y, he our s s e s Coe n' camsf rijmciea dd caao yr le a an ttePS d fnd ns a d lma s li o n t tv n e lrtr eif g i s h CC ee a t, n Coe n' camsf rijmciea dd caao yrle rltn t VDOC' g o mi p lc s lma s li o n t tv n e lrtr eif eai g o S r o ng o iy. 1 11. Col ma s e s ec e n e ks om ombi ton ofnomi l c pe a o y, nd punii da a s na i na , om ns t r a tve m ge a i te r dee ti t tdee ntsofi i ca ct Net rRLUI norj1 3 gans vey fndan n ha fnda ' tcal pa iy. ihe PA 98 a t o ies hrle, n t ec u t rn sted f n a t'mo inf rs mma yj d me to u h rz uc eif a d h o r g a t h ee d ns to o u r u g n n Col ma sofki - a ct cai sf da a . e n' f alc pa iy l m or m ges GRLUI doesnota t i cli sf m one dn a a ns a ofi i who i s Ã» PA u horze am or y m ges gai t n fcal s ued i he ofi a c pact ' Re el nv.Rous 569F. 18 187( h Ci. n r tcil a iy.' nd ma e, 3d 2, 4t r 2009)(ii ctng M a io v. r i i, 7 F.d4 , 2 n. ( t Ci. 0 7 ) Lie s ,istt o t r i ter d s n Vizna 4 4 3 21 4 9 4 4h r 2 0 ). k wie E jae fkes n h i l ofii c ctes lkeStt t eves ar notn nabl t s tf da gest rj1 3. fcal apa ii ,i aes hems l , e me e o ui or ma mde 98 ' ' Arzona f Ofi i Enals v. iona,5 U. 43,691. ( 997)(ii W ilv.M ih. i ns or tcal ih Arz 20 S. 124 1 ctng l c De tofStt Polce 491U. 58,71( 98 Thes mei t ef saeage islkeVDOC. p' ae i , S. 1 9:. n s nl or tt nce i SeeCr rv.Br wn,88F. 1 5,1 ( hCi.1 .Acc di y,t c tgrnt t ome o 3d 31 332 4t r 996) or ngl he our a s he d fn a t' to frs mmayj g n o Coe n' camsf ro t a-a a iyd ma e . ee d n s moin o u r ud me t n lma s li o fkilc p ct n g s I . V Colm a a s s ekss e n lo e ome c ombi ton ofnomi ,c pe aor andpunii dn a s nai nal om ns t y, tve m ge a i te r i vi ldef nti t tde e gans ve y ndi dua enda n ha f ndantsi vi lc pact Theco tfndst t ' ndi dua a iy. ur i ha qua ii d i m uniy ba sCol m an' cl i s f r da age a i tt def nda si t i i vi lte m t r e s a m o m s ga ns he e nt n he r ndi dual c pa iis a g a t ted fn a t' t n frs mmayj g n o t o ecams a cte , nd r ns h ee d n s moi o u r ud me t n h s li . o 5Thec tnotst t de pieampl opporu t t dos t de e nt di noti or t c tof our e ha , s t e tniy o o, he f nda s d nf m he our VDO C' ne gr m i polc a t co tonl l r d ofi 9om Colm a sJ nuay 31 201 m otonf pa ta S w oo ng iy, nd he ur y eane t e n' a r , 3 i or ril s ummayj d me t r u g n. I hsmoinfrs mmayj g n ( c in t e e t b f r tec u t, e nme to sta n i to o u r ud me t whih s o prsnl eoe h o r) Colma nin h t y VDO C' ne gr m i polc i i m ae ilbec us hewant t grw ahal-nc bead rt t aqua tri h S w oo ng iy s m tra a e so o fi h r aher han re -nc bead.Howeve,noneofColm a spladi plusbl s t bei hi bei r ti e t aqua tri h bead r r e n' e ngs a i y how hat ng s ng esrctd o re-nc r i ngeson hi r i ousexe cieora oherc tt i lorsa uor rght Ther or VDOC' ne gr ng mpi s elgi rs ny t onsiutona tt t y i . ef e, S w oomi polc moot t contove s aspld. iy s he r ry e Unde t docrneofqualfe i mt t S r he ti ii d m miy,Ã§ r m e tofk il pe f mi dic ei r gove n n t a s r or ng s r tona y fmc i ge r ly a es ede fom labiiy f cvi dn a i of ra t i cond tdoesnot t tons ne al r hi l d r i lt or i l m ges ns a s her uc vi a ecla l e t bls d sa ut yorco tmtona rg sofwhih ar a ona epe s woul olt e ry sa ihe tt or nsi i l iht c e s bl r on d ha 1nown. Ha l v.Fizg r l 457U. 800,81 ( 98 .Thei uiyi t ol ac t ve t ' row ' t e ad, S. 8 1 2) nq r s wof d: our s d de e mi whe he a rg wa vi a e a as whehe t trghtwasc e ry houl t r ne t r ny i ht s olt d nd lo t r ha i lal es a i hed att tm e oft a l ged vi a i Se M il r v.Prnce G e ae' Cnt , F. t bls he i he le ol ton. e le i or s v. 475 3d 621 626-27( hCi. ) A c tc , 4t r 2007 . our onducst Ã§lte i r bydee mi ngwhehe a t he tatr nquiy tr ni t r r s bl ofke woul ha t rt t thi c ea ona e f r d ve mdesood ha s onduc vi aedt ase tdrght' L=a t olt he s re i . d t ' 627. Theco tma e r s dic e i i de i ng whih oft t pr ur y xe cie s r ton n cdi c he wo ongst a es fr t Se o ddr s is . e Pe ronv. lha 555U. 223, 237- ( a s Cala n, S. 236, 45 2009)( di a s ha e ani t tt s hol ng s uc nd xpli ng ha hi a oac e i naest ne f c rt t a e sdit ul a l s entaly a a ppr h lmi t he ed or ou s o ddr s fk t nd Ã§ s i l c demi ' e c' c tt i lquetons. onsiutona si ) Publcofii l a e notla ef ma ng t g s i g a a ea , M a i relo v. i fc a s r ibl or ki t bad ues es n r y r s' c a i l ' St r 973F. 295,298(t Ci.1 2) a t r ar a eca yfwe a l ialbrght mme, 2d 4h r 99 , nd hee e ppr ibl e r naytc i lnesi t prs c e , r t 1w gi prs ofi a ss i n he ion ont xt whe e he a ves ion fcil ome ltt ,a t de ii na iude nd he c so m a ng pr s pe m ist bal nci ofva i usi t r t , s e Be o v.Alphi 78 F. 268, ki oce s r t he a ng r o n e es s e ns n l n, 6 2d 276( h Ci.1 6)( i t taco tt i lr eÃ§i vi t balncngofc 7t r 98 notng ha nsiutona ul Ã§nvol ng he a i ompei tng itr ss'sÃ§ ofc d p n e tt tteta c nr rl bec n ie e tla l etb ih d') n ee t'i t a t e e d n ha h lw' a aey o sd r d ce ry sa ls e ' s ' (upe sdedonot rgr s re he oundsbya ndmen t t Fe r RulsofCi lPr edle ;seas me t o he deal e vi oc tr ) e lo Ri t v.Bd. Goveno sofM as l Uni ,447F. 29 3 ( hCi. )(ec zi dpah of r r rhal v. 3d 2, 20 4t r 2006 r ogni ng, i t c t xtofFis Am e n he on e rt ndments e t difc t offndi ac e ry e t bls d rght pe ch, he fi uly l ng l a l sa ihe i be a eitr tbaa i i patoft a yss;Tor ckv.Zoon, 96- 962,1 W L c us nees- lncng s r he nal i) be No. 1 997 532496,a *2(t Ci. t 4h r Augus 29,1 (a edecson)(e t 997) tbl ii rcogni ngt smei t co e of zi he n n he ntxt pr e a duepr e s. oc dur l oc s) H e e, he c tdi c r no pa tc mi d vi a i ofa c ea l es a i hed rght of r t our s e ns r i ul ze ol tons ny l ry t bls i s whih ar a ona eofi alwoul ha known. Col ma cli st tt i vi de e n s c e s bl fci d ve e n am ha he ndi dual f nda t owehi dn a sbe a e hesnc ey beleve t themus obt i r i ousr or ngss t t m m ge c us i er l i s ha t an elgi ec di o ha t theca l r l lm ,butt the c nnoto an t er c di fom aco ny lkeJ , ha n ea n sa ha n bt i hos e or ngs r mpa i EM w ho a s s lsm us c; s nc r y bele st the m us a y pr ye oi e r tm e he pr but lo e l i he i e el i ve ha t ppl a r 1 ve y i ays t the c nnoto an t oi fom Ke eComm is r whi h a s s lsi wi a i s'a ha a bt i he 1 r ef s a y, c lo e l t ne nd dol, nd s ' t tt one botl lm i m e nshem i r n outbe or he c n r uppl he snce ey bei ve ha he - te i t a ght u f e a es y; i r l le s t the m us gr a be d;he snce e y be i vest the m us no l thi pa sha be ow n e ; ha t ow ar i r l le ha t t e s nt ng l nkl s he snc r y bele t themus c um eaÃ t/z- e tfed ditt ti ude hal m e t he i e el ives ha t ons zt/c rii e ha ncl s al a ; snce ey bei vest them us pr y i congr ga i fvetm e e c da i t e orm or i r l le ha t a n e ton i i s a h y f hr e e M us i s a e pr e , hi h m ea VD O C m us alow hi t pr y i t pr s s pod a e a ong lm r es nt w c ns t l m o a n he i on' ra l wih ot rM usi s VDOC ma no lwf ly e oy Pr e tntc pli ;Cha ai Rihar on t he lm ; y t a u l mpl ot sa ha ans pl n c ds r us st e t bls a di c e i r f ef e o s a i h s r tona y und,r c ni e Col m a a t M us i la s i ns s e l e og z e n s he lm i i on, nco i t nty s i r lgi gr ps w ih r lgi m a e i l ,a s he e Ei ulA dha pr ye i a r upples e i ous ou t e i ous t r a s nd c dul d d- a r n oom wih pit eson t wal;Ce andt Fa t Re e Commit ewilnotr og z Salf t c ur he l i he ih vi w te l ec nie a i M usi a aditnc s ctoft M usi prs popul ton a wilno a horz t Fa tof lms s si t e he lm ion ai nd l t ut ie he s A s a asa M us i hol da a t Poc ho a de e n s r t la e a i thi by r f s ng hur lm y y; nd he a nt s f nda t e a i t d ga ns m eui t gv hm aj bi t elw l rr a ditree wihhsa c s t t ec ursb ic re ty o ie i o n h a i ay n n efrd t i c e s o h o t y n o r cl b de m i s m e ofhi gr e nc s un i e y o no r e bl a a t ptng t ove c r hi f e ng o s i va e tm l r ng i va e nd tem i o r ha ge m or c e . Pr s ofk i s a e notla e f m a ng Ã§ba gues e i gr y a e . M a a lo,973 opi s i on t al r i bl or ki s d s s n a r as' ' ci de l F2d a 298. Ra he ,t y a e la e f rvi a i a cl a l esabls s a ut r orcons i tona t t r he r i bl o ol tng e r y t i hed t t o y tm i l 8 rg ofwhi h ar a ona eofk e woul ha kno . Dic m i no s h vi ai nshe e, he i ht c e s bl t r d ve wn s e ng uc olto r t c tfndst tt i vi ua de enda sa e e il dt qua ii d i our i ha he ndi d l f nt r ntte o lte mmuniy a gr nt t i t nd a s her moi f s ton or ummayj r udgme ast Colma si viua-a ct dn gescamsa i t nt o e n' ndi d lc pa iy ma li gans t m .6 he V. W ih t t hose cl m s sri ai t pped aw ay,onl Col an' ofk i -and i vi y em s t al ndi dualcapaciy t RLUI A a dj 1 8 camsf rij ci a dd ca ao yr l f e adngt ec mp c- ic P n 9 3 li o nun t n e lr tr ei r g r i h o a tds ve e poiy,h p a e- ipoiy t ed e sc d ,h h a- itp lc 7( rlc t ro t p a e-nl t e r y rol l ,h r s o e t e alldc o iy o a k hee g,he r y ri c c t - polc t c pl i polc t Sa a i m polc a t Fa tofA s apolcy r m a n. he pod i y, he ha a n i y, he l fs i y, nd he s hur i e i The M a s r t J e' Re t nd Re om m e ton a es e ea h oft e c ai sa gi t a e udg s por a c nda i ddr s d c hos l m nd rc mme d dt a tec u t rn sl r u g n o al li e e tfrCoe n sFis eo n e h th o rga t l mma yj d me t n l cams xc p o lma ' rt Am e ndme a RI, I cai sr gar ng t Fa tofAs a, Colm a sRIUI cai s nt nd U PA l m e di he s hur and e n' , PA l m r r ngt c egadi he ompa tdicpolc t prye - lpolc ( yasi r aest purhasngt oi c- s iy,he a roi iy onl t elt o c i he l fom KeeeCo say) t hal - z polcy,a t Salfs polc Thecou tove zes r f mmisr ,he aldit i nd he aim iy. r ml 6Them os fci l vibl oft s cam si Colm a shal - e cam , buta r e oft c s l w t a aly a e he e li s e n' aldit li evi w he a e a idc tst ta ys c rg tsfrfo ce ryetbih d.S e e2.Wakn v. h baz 1 0Ft Ap x7 3(t n iae ha n u h ih i a rm lal sa ls e e . . , tis S a z , 8 d. p' 7 9h Ci. 00 )hodn t t saep io e fie t po eavoaino teFisAme d n byp io srfslo r2 9 ( lig ha a tt rs n r ald o rv ilto f h rt n me t rs n' cu a t sreh ll a)Prtv Co rcin Cop. fAm.2 7Fe . p' 4 2(t Ci. 0 8 (fimigtelwe ev aa me t; at . re to s r o , 6 d Ap x 8 8h r 2 0 ) afr n h o r c u t ga to s mmayj d me tfrted fn a t o tego n t t litf imaeha fie t s o a o r' rn f u r u g n o h ee d ns n h ru d ha panif n t d ald o h w s sbsa ta b r n ; la v Motn 3 3F.d21 , 5 6( dCi. 0 3 (idn noFis Ame d n u tnil ude ) Wil ms . ro , 4 3 2 21-1 3 r 2 0 ) fn ig i rt n me t volto frfizet po ieh ll a) Mai v S b e , A. 80 - 1 i ain o alr o rvd aa met; l . a re C. No. :6 3 9RBH, 00 WL 78 6 0( S. l k 2 7 1 4 D. C. Ma. 3 2 07 (x liigta t plitf h dn ts wnas btnil l d nfo tep io sfilet sr e r 1 , 0 ) e pann h the an if a o ho u sa ta bz e rm h rsn' alr o ev r t h ll al Hu s nv M ao e s 26F. u p 2 20 , 1( Ma s20 4 (mdn n FisAme d n voain aa met; d o . ln y 3 S p . d 6 21 D. s. 0 ) f ig o rt n me t ilto frfizet po ieh ll alAb ulMai v Go r , 9 CI 1 21DLC) 1 9 W L 8 40 a * o alr o rvd aa met; d - l . od No. 6 V. 0 ( , 9 7 l k 3 2, t 7 8 ( . N. F b 2 ,1 9 )(idig a rab n hkilta aMu l imaesrg t weeno voae b tep io s SD. Y. e . 7 9 7 fn n , he e c a,h t si n t' ihs r t iltd y h rsn' m fi r t po ieh ll a tretme awek . al e o rvd aa meth e i s e ) u 1Thedefnda spoi ou t ti Vi v. Wih l 7 l c 0 0 0 2 1W L 5 9 0 ( . Va No 9, e nt nt t ha n a lem, : 1v 0 5 , 01 41 7 9 W D. . v. 2 1,hsc u t o dta teVi d fnd ns( po po VDOC e ly e ) dso ta p o iigte 01 )ti o r fun h th a ee a t a u f mpo e s ha h wn h t r vdn h Comm on Far ditr t rt aditwih hal m e twast las r srci m e off t rngt compeli e e ahe han e t al a he e t e titve ans urhei he lng gove nm e i e e tofcos c r .Howeve,snc V i v.W ihel ,t Fo t Cic tha publs d isopi on i r nt ntr s t ontol r ie a l m he urh rui s ihe t ni n Co hv Jb , 7 F.d l 7(t Ci. 2)whc d ti h w d fn a t aet etbl hta ap riulrpoiyi uc . a e 6 9 3 9 4h r201 , ih eal o ee d n s r o sa i h t at a l s s s c c t Ias r sti i a oac t f t rng acompelng gove n ntit es.Thede e t ha ofe e no he e t e rctve ppr h o urhe i li r me ner t f ndans ve f r d e d n etn i fc n ag me tta terp l yi telatetitv atraie vie c a d n a t o r u n)h t h i oi s h e s rsrcie len tv . c 9 Coe n' o j cinsa a o t t Re o t ndRe o n to o al ft o ecams e c p lma s be to nd d ps he p r a c mme dain n 1o h s li , x e t f t M ag sr t J or he itae udge' c l i n r ga di t Fa tofAs la ca eColm a ha f ied s oncuso e r ng he s htr .Be us e n s al t pl a t r quiief t i s o e d he e st ac s n uppor oft tcli t c tdim is i purua t 28 U .S. j t ha a m, he our s s es t s nt o C. 1 5()2) 91 e( . S ci n 1 5 e o Til 2 ma ae ta i p o e d n si o mapa pe i,t ec u t e to 91 () f te 8 nd ts h t n r c e i g nf r u rs Ã»h o r t s ldim ist ca e a a tm ei t c tdee mi t t... hea on ... al t sa ea hal s s he s t ny i f he our tr nes ha t di f is o tt cl m on whih r le ma begr nt d. Unde t pl di sa r o lne i Bel At.Cor . ai c ei f y a e ' ' r he ea ng tnda ds uti d n l l p v. mbv 5 0U. 5 4( 0 7 a dAs c o t l b l 5 6U. 6 2( 0 9 ,ta pe dn ta Two l, 5 S. 4 2 0 ) n h r f v.g a, 5 S. 6 2 0 ) Ã§ ) la ig h t l ofe sta sa c l i 'ort f muli r cia i oft e e nt ofac us ofa ton wil f r lbel nd oncusons a or a c e tton he l me s a e ci l n td ' I a 6 B( u tn Two l 5 0U. a 5 5 . o o.' d. t 7 q o ig mby, 5 S. t 5 ) ' He e de pieColm a sl ngt a e d c r, s t e n' e hy m nde ompl i , ha f ie t o f rf c s ant he s al d o f e a t r ga di hi Fas ofA s la cl i ot t n t lnesi o pa ag a Ã§ ou Ce and t FRC e r ng s t htr a m her ha wo i n ne r r ph: t i he ha vi aed Colm a s 1 tAme e rg by nota horzi t Fas ofAs a. Atwor t ve ol t e n' s ndm nt i ht ut i ng he t hur ' ' s, Coe n' alg to saej ttes r o Ã§a esa dc n lso s'h tTwo l a dI b l lma s le ain r us h o t f s b l n o cu i n 'ta l mby n q a s oughtt f e os . Atbes,Col man' al tonsr ga di t Fa tofAs la me el e nc o or cl e t e s legai e r ng he s htr r y nha e t pl usbiiy ofhi Sa a im c am .A c or ngl t c t s i s s Col m a sFas of he a i lt s l fs l i c di y, he our di m s e e n' t A S lacl m ptrua t j 1 5()2)8 htr ai zs nt o 91 e( . Vl . Fo t er a o sae t c u t imis so g a t s mmayj d me t nal f r h e s ns ttd,he o r ds se r rn s u r u g n o lo Coe n' camse e tf rhsRLUI camsf rijmciea dd caao yr le rg r ig lma s li xc p o i PA li o nt tv n e lrtr eif e a dn 3I t scam (n moto hsoh r) Coe ntn op rtsb rfrn e' i o iia, n ed 1 5 n hi li a d s f i tes, lma Ã§ c ro ae y eee c 'hs rgn lu wily, 1 i page gog- r g a co ant i ana r ntefor t s r t c tsor rt a , pa a r ph mpli , n ppa e f t o ubve t he our' de o mendt tc ha omplits h t ti an uc ha t c omple wih t Fe r lRul ofCi lPr dtr Eve i t c twe et e e ti Colma sefo t, id t he de a es vi oce le. n f he our r o ntran e n' f rs Colma sorgi c e n' i nal ompli doe ltl t e tbls hi Fa tofAs acli asa hi mor t acomponentof ant s ite o sa ih s s hur am nyt ng e han hi Sal fs cl i . s aim am 1 0 t c he ompac- s polcy,hepryeroipolc (nl a ir ltst pmc sngt o1fom Keee tdic i t a - l iy o y s t eae o ha i he i r f Co sa y ,h J / /d e p lc , n t eSaa m p lc . mmisr )t e l l- it oiy a d h l/s oiy9 l EN TER :M a c 25,201 rh 3. .' .* < ,, e' A .* < e, e. w ... ... . . F e.. .v ' .. eeA .' . * ' I TED STA TES D I STRI J GE CT UD 9Colm a ' on1 r i ngcli t r le a ee t bl i naur . SeeSki I v.CPC I ',I . 67 e n s y emani ams o eif r quia e n t e ppv. nc. ntl nc, 4 F.d2 9 21 ( t Ci.1 8 )(Th dsrc c u t rp ryds se S p y,n . camsfrd ma e la igo y 2 0 , 5 4h r 9 2 K e itit o r po el imis d kip l c' li o a g s evn nl d s camsfrijn tv rle.I ti p su etec s p ee tdis e p r l e utbei n tr ta c udb li o nu cie eif n hs o tr h ae rsne su s u ey q ia l n aue h t o l e rs le b tec u t t u e a eigaj r .) seas Le r v Da sh e, 4 F.d88 , 0 -1 (t Ci. e ov d y h o r wi t mp n ln u y'; e lo ay . e c n r 3 9 3 8 9 9 l 6h r ho ' 2 0 (ic sigt rg tt a uytilo camsfrij nciea dd caaoyrl g. 0 3) dsu sn he ih o j r ra n li o nu t n e lrtr ei v e Thec tno e t tq sinsoff tr m ai ont is sofwhe he t deenda shaves t i l our t s ha ue to ac e n he sue t r he f nt ubsantaly bur nedColm a sr i ouse r s andwhet rCol a snceel hol hi r i ousbelef. de e n' elgi xe cie, he em n i r y ds s elgi is 11

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