-RSB Coleman v. Jennings, No. 7:2011cv00430 - Document 11 (W.D. Va. 2012)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Jackson L. Kiser on 03/26/2012. (kab)
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ek ' OFFI u. ol ?OQr eM : e: :. et T x vl e, uu MA FI I TH E UNI N TED STATES DI STRI COURT CT FOR TH E W ESTERN DI STRI OF VI NI CT RGI A Mi s A JUL BK E% ROANOKE DI SI VI ON JEROM E F.COLEM AN, Pett oner, ii V. W . JENNI S, D. NG R es pondent . ) ) ) ) ) ) ) C i lActon N o.7: vi i 11-cv00430 M EM ORANDUM OPI ON NI By: Hon. c on L.Ki e Ja ks sr Se or Unie St t Dit itJudge ni t d a es s rc Jr e omc F. e a aVigi ai aepr e di pr K ,fl ape ii f awrtof Col m n, r ni nm t oc e ng o ied tton or i ha sco p , s ntt 28U. C.j2254.Peii rag st tt Vigni Pa ol Boad bea r us purua o S. ttone r ue ha he r i a r e r (; r 'vi ae duepr es guaa e dbyt Fouree hAme me t t Unie Stts : d' oltd Boa ) oc s rnte he t nt nd nt o he td ae Consiuton.Res nde tl amoton t dim is a t tm ef rpeii rt r pond tt i po nt ied i o s s , nd he i o ttone o es e r d,ma ng t m a trrpef diposton. Afe r viwi t r or lgr ntr ponde ' xpie ki he te i or s ii tr e e ng he ec d, a es nts m oto a di m is t pe ii i n nd s s he tton. The Cic tCour ofAr i o Co t s nt nc pe ii r o D e e be 7,1 r ui t lngt n un y e e ed ttone n c m r 977, o lf t ie i ionme pl t ry ye r f fr tdeg eemur r r r a abduc i Peii rwa mprs nt us hit a s or is- r de , obbe y, nd ton. ttone s fr te i bl f pa ol i 1989,a t Boa d i s is lgi e or r e n nd he r s uppos d t c i rpeii e o onsde ttonerf pa o ei t or r l n he t r q re ofeve y y r The B oa d ha c it nty d lne t condii l r l a epe ii r hi d ua t r r ea . r s ons s e l ec i d o tonaly e e s ttone on par e. ol l 2008 pe ii rdi notwa veco i r ton f rpar e and t Boa d di notco i r n , ttone d i nsde ai o ol, he r d nsde pe ii rf pa ol . Pe ii ra guest tt sd nilofconsde a i i 2008 c tt esa ttone or r e ttone r ha hi e a i r ton n onsiut RK vi a in ofd pr es gua a ee byt Foure nt Am e olto ue oc s r nt d he te h ndmen .l Pe ii ra t wl dge ha ttone ckno e st t t Boa d c i e e pe ii rf rpa ol i t t r q re o 2009 a t tpe ii rr c i d he r ons d r d ttone o r e n he hi d ua t r f nd ha ttone e e ve t Boa d' deni notc z he r s al i e. On J y 21 201 pe ii re c ed t sa eha speii whih dic s d t s m e ul , 0, ttone xe ut he tt bea tton, c s us e he a cli s i c , and fl d t petton w ih t Supr e CourtofVigi a. On Se e r 1 , am ub udie r ni 3 pt mbe 4 ie he ii t he em 20 0,heS p e Co r o Vigni d s se t ep tto b c u eç a a c r u rle di ) 1 t u r me u t f r i a imisd h ei n e a s l be s o p s eif ld i h not1e i t sm a t r ... Col m : v.W a de oft A ugus : Cor .Ct . N o.1 1 i n hi te . ' ' e n r n he t r r, 0 434,s i o a lp p. t 1( Se .1 201 .Petto e utdt fdea ha aspeii onJ y 1 2011 a Va. pt 4, 0) iiner xec e he e rl be tton ul 9, , nd c r ii t tpe ii ne m a l d t pe ii n t t A to ne Ge r lofV i gi a on A ugus 1 e tfed ha tto r ie he tto o he t r y ne a r ni t 7, 2011 Pe ii r s c rl t t t Cl k ofCour ,whi h w a a t he t t pe ii i a s . ttone ' ove eter o he er t c s tac d o he tton, s l o da e Augus 1 201 Pettone r que t a r le t tIo de t Boa d t fndpeii r td t 7, 1. ii r e ss s ei f ha r r he r o i ttone s t bl f pa ol . uia e or r e Pdii rus t l t qua pr e i ' tone es he abel< l otcton'oncei t peii butdoesnotot wiedic sa eq pr e on e n he tton her s s us n ual otdi cli .Acc di y, ttonersr inc o albeli i uf entt saealgalcl m , a lwilno co tuc a am or ngl peii ' ela e n a s ns sci o tt e ai nd l t nsr t n equa pr e toncli f pettoner SeeA s r tv.I , 556 U. 662, , 19S. . 9 7,1 5 ( 0 )(ttn l otc i am or ii . hcof gbal S. 2 Ct 1 3 9 0 20 9 saig af de a cour ca r y on ise re e a cor e r l t n el t xpe inc nd nmons et i tf cai t tr y o me eI l an ens o den iy l ms ha el n r abes d - c n lso s whc aeno e tte t a a smp ino tub ; ro v. e e 5 4F.dl 4 ,1 51(t Ci. 9 ) o cu in , ih r t nild o n su to frtl God n Lek , 7 2 1 7 1 4h r 1 78 (e o nzn ta adsrc c u tsn te p ce t as meterl o a v c t fraD oK Iia t. r c g iig h t itit o r i o x e td o su h oe f d o ae o r ig n) t Petto raloale st tt de alofpa ol c i r i vi aedpe ii rsrght guaanee byt Vigi a iine s lge ha he ni r e onsdeaton olt ttone ' i s r t d he r ni co ttton.Fe alha a r i i a l e f o yvi ainsoffdeallw . 2 U. . j2 5 ( ) Ac o dn l nsiui der be s elef s vaiabl or nl olto e r a 8 S C. 2 4 a . c r igy, peiine i note ildt f r lha sr le f vi ainsofsaelw . tto r s ntte o ede a bea eif or olto tt a 2 Pe ii nerdoe no s y whe he r cei t notce. tto s ta n e ved he i 3 Thes fcsc r c pettone s a r e a t ontadit ii rs ve mentt tpe ii rfl d t s a e habe pe ii i 2009 ha ttone ie he t t as tton n . ( e . 4. P t1 ) 2 I. I Ha a pei o sfldu e j2 5 aes be t oao ey a peidofl tto 2 be s tt n i nd r 2 4 r u j c t n - e r ro i e i ain. 8 mi hi te , he - a i t tons rod U .S. j2244( ( )4 Fort sm a t r t one ye rlm ia i pe i bega on t da e o w hi h n he t n c C. d)1 . t f cualpr di a eoft pr s nt d c am coul ha bee dic e t oug t e cs of he a t e ct he e e e l i d ve n s over d hr h he xer ie duedii nc Thi one- ea pe i i t ld whie ac ctsS ope l fl a i a i f rSt e lge e. s y r rod s ole l onvi ' ç pr ry ied pplc ton o at pos- ci orot rc ltr lrviw'i ( ndi ' 28U. C.j2244( ( .Se W alv. tconviton he olae a e e 's s ng.' pe S. d)2) e l Khoi l, U. S. ,1 S.Ct 1 1 - ( 1 ( s usi pr ee ngst quaiyas 31 . 278, 288 89 201 ) dic sng oc di hat lf c ltr lrviw) olae a e e . Peii rsj225 peii i untmeyunde j2244( ( )D) l peii rha e rie ttone ' 4 tton s i l r d)1( . f ttone d xecsd duedii nce pe ii rwoul ha bee a r byt sa toft f urh qua trof2008 t t lge , ttone d ve n wa e he tr he o t re ha peii rwasnotc i e f paol i t t r q re of2008.SeeVa.Codej53.- 54 ttone onsderd or r e n he hid ua tr 11 (ttngt Boad s ddee mi paol noltrt nbyt e oft qua tri whiht sai he r houl tr ne r e ae ha he nd he re n c he i t be meei bl .Thus 1fnd Ocobe 1 2009,obet daebywhihpeiine c d nmae ca lgi e) , i t r, t he t c tto r oul ha dic r t f t lpr c t oft c am i peii rha e r ie d dii ne ke s ove ed he acua edia e he l i f ttone d xe c s d ue lge e. Pe ii ne fl d t i t n pe ii no e rirt n Augus 1 2011, heda epe ii ne tto r ie he nsa t tton a le ha t 7, t t tto r m al t pe ii t t Clr vi t prs n- als t m .Thelmia i pe i i t l d ied he tton o he e k a he i o m i yse i ttons rod s ole 4 Theo ne y a p rodo l tto frfl gah b a p tto u d rj2 4be i t r no t lts o fu d ts e r ei f i ain o ii a e s eiin n e 25 gns o u n he aet f o r ae : mi n ( ted t o whc tej d me t cmefn lb t c n lso o drc rve o tee prto o te A) h ae n ih h u g n bea ia y he o cu in f ie t e iw r h x iain f h tmef s eki s h r ew; i or e ng uc evi ( ted t o whc tei e i n t fl ga a piaince tdbyStt a t ni voaino te B) h ae n ih h mp dme to in n p l to rae i c ae ci n ilto fh o Consiuto orlwsoft UniedSttsi rmove i t applc ntwaspr ventd fom flngbys h Stt tt in a he t ae s e d, f he ia e e r ii uc ae a ton; ci ( ted t o whc tec nttto l ih a sre wa iiil rc g ie b t S p e Co r,fh C) h ae n ib h o si ina rg t setd sntal e o nz d y he u rme utite u y rg ha be n ne yr ogniedbyt Su e Cou ta ma r r tvel a i bl t ca e o iht s e wl ec z he prme r nd de etoaci y pplca e o s s n c lt r lr e ;or ola e a evi w ( ted t o whc t fcu l rdct o tecam o camsp ee tdc udh vebendso ee D)h ae n ih he at a p e iae f h li r li rsne o l a e ic v rd t oug t e cie ofdue dii nce. hr h he xer s lge 2 U.. j2 4 d( )A)( . 8 SC. 2 4()l( -D) 3 bewe n J y 2l 201 t ea le tdat pettone c dha tl d t sa epe ii a t e ul , 0, he ris e ii r oul ve 'e he t t tton, nd i Se e be 1 2010,whe t Supr m eCour ofVigi adimi s t saepeii ptm r 4, n he e t r ni s s ed he t t tton. A he exc udi t st l d tm e, or t n e ght e m ont pas ed be w e n w he r l ng hi ole i m e ha i e n hs s t e n pe ii rco d ha be n a eoft f cua pr di ae oft cli a whe peii rfl dt ttone ul ve e war he a t l e c t he am nd n ttone ie he i t ntpe ii N o hi i t r co d s ns a tton. t ng n he e r uppors e t bl t lng t s a ut oflm ia i ns a I t quia y oli he t t e i t t o , nd dim ist pe ii ast i ey fl d. SeeHola v. o i , s s he tton mtm l ie lnd Fl rda U. S. ,1 S.Ct 254 30 . 9, 2560( 0)( i t eq t et lngi pemit i peiine wa ptrui r le dii nl 201 notng hat uiabl oli s r ted f tto r s zs ng eif lge ty a s e e r or na y cic s a s ood i t w a nd om xt a di r r um t nce t n he y. Pe ii rw oul no be e il d t r le e n i t pe ii w a tm e y f l d. The Due ttone d t ntte o e i f ve f he tton s i l ie Pr es c a ea i whe gove nm e a a ton de i sape s ofa lgii ae lbe t or oc s l us pples n r nt l c i prve r on e tm t i ry pr ryi ees.Bd. Rec nt v.Rot 408U. 5 5 70( 972) Thefrtsept a l e ope t ntr t of e s h, S. 64, 69- 1 . is t o nayz a pr e a due pr es c a m i t i ntf whe he t a l ged c oc dur l oc s l i s o de i y t r he le onduc a f t a pr ec e t f ec s ot t d i eet 1 a 570- ;Be rt v. t 1 F.d500,502- ( h Ci.1 . ntrs. d. t 71 veai Smih, 20 3 03 4t r 997) A co d doe notha aconsiutonal i tt bee tonal r e s bef r t nvi s ve tt i rgh o ondii ly ela ed o e he e rtonofavai s ntnc Grenholzv. br s Pe ll t , U. 1 7( 979 .Se xpiai ld e e e. e t Nç aka na nmaes 442 S. , 1 ) e Mea hum v. no, U. 215,224- (1 6)(ck edgi t tavai vi na e vito c Fa 427 S. 25 97 a nowl ng ha ld rmi l on cin e i uihesce ti lbe t i erss.Howe r albe t itr tc nbeGeae i apaol s tm xtng s ran i ry nt et) ve , i ry nees a td f r e yse ma t sa i a e' r l a eupon f fli c ran c tons Bd. Pa do v. A len, 2 U . nda e n nm t s e e s ulilng e ti ondii . of r ns l 48 S. 369,376- ( 987 .l t paol s t ceaesonl t posi lt ofpaol t hopeofpaol 81 1 ) f he r e ysem r t y he sbiiy r e,he re i n tp oe tdb d ep oc s.Gr e h lz 4 2U. a 1 (iigM e c u 4 7U. a 2 5 . s o rtce y u r e s e n ot, 4 S. t 1 ctn g h m, 2 S. t 2 ) TheVigi as t m ofdic e i r par edoesnotgr pe ii ralbe t i ees i r ni yse s r tona y ol ant ttone i ry nt r t n l par er e e. Ga t v.T#vor,946 F 2d340,344- ( hCi.1 )( ba ;Sumnç v. ol elas 5 spn 45 4t r 991 % nc) r . Tuc r 9F. ke , Supp.2d641 642- ( D. 1 ) Vigi alw pr bispa ol unls t , 43 E. Va. 998. r ni a ohi t r e es he Boa d de de a i t i s t bl f pa ol a rco r ci s n mna e s uia e or r e he nduci a pe s le l ton. Se Va. tng r ona vauai e Codej5 1 15 1( crbi paol fcost beconsdee ;Jmesv. ns n,863F.Supp. 3.- 4. des i ng z e a tr o i rd) a Robi o 2 5 2 6 7 ( D. . 9 4 , f d 4 F.d4 6( 9 4 .Be a eimae h ved olb ryitr s 7 , 7 - 7 E. Va 1 9 ) a f , 5 3 2 1 9 ) c us n t s a i i et ne et n i pa ol r e eund Vigi al w, t rca t y ha a lbe t i e e ti t unde l ng n r e elas er r ni a neihe n he ve ny i ry nt r s n he ryi pr ed esgove ni pa ol de e m i ton,s l a t pr ed e t m s l s tsy due oc ur r ng r e t r na i o ong s he oc ur s he eves a if pr es.'Hilv.J ç r , F. 1 1 ( hCi.1 ) Duepr s doe notrquiet ta oc s' l a ksm 64 3d 63, 7l 4t r 995 . oce s s e r ha n i ae b gi n ac es t prs fl s be a l nm t e ve c s o ion ie , lowedt c l wines es orr ceveape s lhe i o al t s , e i r ona arng. Fr i v.Shi ds 569F. 784,800( hCi.1 )( ba )( rc i .Howe ,due ankln el , 2d 4t r 977 % nc pe uram) ver pr es doe r quiet ta elgi e i t beco i e f pa ol i co or iywih sael oc s s e r ha n i bl nma e nsder d or r e n nf m t t t t aw a t tt B o d gi a i a e a s a e e ofr as f rt de a ofpa ol Va v. nd ha he ar ve n nm t t t m nt e ons o he ni l r e. nn Anaelne 73F. 51 522( h Ci.1 . o , 3d 9, 4t r 996) As um i a a ndo,t tpe ii rc dpr t tpeii rdi notr c veapa ol s ng, r ue ha ttone oul ove ha ttone d e ei r e c i r ton hea i i 2008, hi f ctwoul note il hi t co tona r l s . See onsde a i rng n t sa d ntte m o ndii l eea e Gre t 442U. a 7(i ngnoc tt i rghtt condii rla e .Ac or ngl 1 e nholz, S. t tndi onsiutonal i o tonal ee s ) c di y, c anno gr ntpe ii rt r sed r left or rt Boa d t tndpeii rs tbl f pa ol, t a ttone he eque t ei o de he r oi ttone uia e or r e whih woul compelc to r e e.I t ad, ttone woul bepe m it d t ha t c d ondii nal elas nse peii x d r te o ve he Boa d r co i rpe ii rf pa ol t r med t m is d r vi w i 2008. Se , e. , a.Code r e nsde ttone or r e o e y he s e e e n e R. V Pe ii rdoe nota l ge t tmanda or pa ol pr si appl . S eVa Co e j5 1 1 9 ( e c i i ttone s le ha t y r e ovi ons y e . d 3.- 5 d s rbng ma t ypa ol . ndaor r e) j53.- 51 ç1s !( s rbi Vigi a' par epr es) 1 1 , . ec. de ci ng r ni s ol oc s, Pe ii ne a know l dgest t Boa d a r dy c i r d pettone f pa ol i 2009, tto r c e hat he r lea ons de e ii r or r e n a t f c pe ii ne r m ansi a c aed i cae t tt Boar sildeci st c tonal nd he a t tte r e i nc r er t ndi ts ha he d tl lne o ondii ly r l as pe ii r TheBoa d' r e a de alofpe ii rsc tonalr l a ei 20 e e e ttone . r s eviw nd ni ttone ' ondii e e s n 09 mo t r l f oh v t eBo r rc n i e p t in rb igp r e i 20 8 S eLua v o s ei t a e h a d e o sd r eio e en aold n 0 . e jn . e t Dee r ofW idlf,5 U. 555,5 61( 992)( s usi r drs a lt elmen ofAril fndes l ie 04 S. 60- 1 dic sng e e s biiy e t tee 1lsa d n ) UntdS ae v Ha d , 4 F.d2 0 2 3(t Ci. 0 )( g c s i mo twh n I tn i g ; i tts . r y 5 5 3 8 , 8 4h r 20 8 tA) a e s o e e Q t is spr s nt d a e no l rlve o t pa te l k al aly cog za e i e e ti t he s ue e e e r onge i r he ris ac eg l ni bl ntr s n he outome. Speas FEC v. ns 5 U. 11 25( 998 (lusrtngt ditnci bewe n c ' ). lo Aki , 24 S. , 1 ) il tai he si ton t e s ul tng how a a nc m a r ons de a i s ve s r c pec a i n ge y y ec i r n s ue r us e ogni i t age y a r dy z ng he nc lea rc i r t is ) Nor lsi posi lt e sst tt Boad wildeemi t tpeiine e onsdeed he sue . eaitc sbiiy xit ha he r l tr ne ha tto r s o l h veb e paoe i 2 08 S eTo e y. a vs 5 7F.d 5 3, 48(t Ci. 0 9 (LJ h u d a e n r ld n 0 . e wn s J r i, 7 3 4 5 4h r 2 0 ) d lf 1 no r alsi pos i lt e sst tapl i ifc n o an t uli t r i , tto rwilf i t e itc sbiiy xit ha antf a bt i he tma e elef peii ne l a l o s tsyt r e sbiiypr ' (ntr lquottonmaksomitd) Ac r ngl a aif he edrs a lt ong.) i e na ' ai r te . co di y, ny de lrt yorij tver i i t sa tont rme y amisdpa ol heai i 2008woul caaor n unci elef n hi ci o e d se r e rng n d ha no pr c i li pa .on pettone be a eoft Bord' s e ntc i r to a de a ve a tea m c t ii r c us he s ubs que onsde ai n nd nil ofpaol i 200 See e. ,ncuma v.Oz nt 507F. 281 286- ( h Ci. )( s usi r e n 9. , g.I a mi , 3d , 87 4t r 2007 dic sng moone sofcli whe nor lr dye ss. t s am n ea eme xit) 11 1. Fort f e ng r s ,Igr ntr s nde tsm otont dim isa dimi st pe ii he or goi ea ons a e po n ' i o s s nd s s he tton. Bas dupo m y fndi t tpeii ne ha no madet r ui ie s t n i ls e n i ng ha tto r s t he eq st ubsa ta howi ofade a ng nil o ac tt i rghta rquie by28U. C.j2253() acetfc t ofa aa lt i de e f onsiutonal i s e rd S. c, riiae ppe lbiiy s nid. The Cl r i diec ed t s nd a co oft sM e o a ek s r t o e py hi m r ndum O pi on a t a co pa ng ni nd he c m nyi Or rt pe ii ra c de o ttone nd ouns lofr c d f r ponde . e e or or es nt E s ' iiz- dyo vae,oz xT R: hs * a r rhc l. r - - . ( - x-w ) x x e rUnied St t sDiti tJ ni t a e src udge =
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