-RSB McClanahan v. Crouse, No. 7:2011cv00392 - Document 12 (W.D. Va. 2012)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Jackson L. Kiser on 1/3/2012. (tvt)
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CLERK' OFFI U. DI :COURT S CE s. s3 AT nANVILE vA L I THE UNI STATES DI TRI COURT N TED S CT FLDX IE J g3 2 1 AN 22 FO R T H E W E STER N D I STR I O F V I G I I CT R N A R O A NO K E D I ISIO N V J C. U LEY,CLE UL Bv: PUTY CL MI CHAEL ANTHONY M CCLANAHAN, ) Pl ntf, ai if ) ) ) ) LARRY CROUSE. ) Dee fndant . ) Ci lAci No.7: c 00392 vi ton 11-vM EM O M N D UM O PI I N N O By: H on.Jacks L.K i e on sr Se or Uni e St t s Di t c Judge ni t d a e s ri t M i ha lA nt ny M ccl ha a V i g ni i a e pr e ng pr K ,fl a c vi r g s c e ho ana n, r i a nm t oc edi o ied i l i ht c an purua t 42U. C.j1 3wihj iditonvesedi 28U. C.j1 omplit s nt o S. 98 t urs ci t n S. 343.Pl ntf ai if na e Lary Cr e a t s e def nda . Li r l c t ui t Com pl nt pl i ifa l ge t t m s r ous s he ol e nt be aly ons r ng he ai , a ntf le s ha Cr e c ous onduc e il ga s r he and s i ur ofhi pr pe t i vi a i oft Fourh A m e t d le l ea c s ez e s o ry n ol ton he t ndm e t n oft Unie St esCons iuton. Thi m a t ri be o e m e f r s r e ng, s n t 28 U . C. he t d at tt i s te s f r o c e ni pur ua t o S. j 1 5 Afe rv e n p an ifss b sin Ids s t eCo lit t o t rj dc fr 91 A. tr e iwig litf' u miso , imis h mpan wih u p eu ie o f ii t sat a c ai upon whi h r i fm a be gr nt d. a lng o t e l m c ele y a e Im us dim isa a ton or'l i tl dby a i t i Ide e m i t tt aci orcai t s s ny c i c am ie n nma e f t r ne ha he ton l m i f i ous orf ist s a e a c ai o w hi h r le m a be g a e See 28 U . C . jj1 5()2) s rvol al o t t l m n c ei f y r nt d. S. 91 e( , 1 A( ( ) 42U. C.j1 915 b)1; S. 997e() Thefrtsa r i l scamsbasdupo ia i iputbl c. is tndad ncude li e n dn nds a y me il s l ga t or ''c am sofi rng m e o a lgali e e twhih cea l doesnote s ,' or rte s e l he yp''l i nfi e nt f e nt r s c l ry xit ' c a m sw he e t t a t lcon e i a e c ea l ba e es .' N e t ke v. W ila s 490 U . 31 li r he t c ua f t ntons r l ry s l s' iz li m , S. 9, 3 ( 989 .Thes co sa r i t fmiirsa r f amoi t dimisunde Fedea 27 1 ) e nd tnda d s he a la tndad or ton o s s r rl Rul ofCi lPr dur 1 b)6 ,a ce tngapl ntf sfcua ale tonsa tu A c an e vi oce e 2( () c pi ai if a t l lgai s r e. omplit ne ds(a s ta pl i sat e oft c a m s i t tt pl ade i e il d t r le ' nd e t hor nd a n t em nt he l i how ng ha he e r s ntte o e i f a s fce çgj t algatons...oriearghtt rle a ufiint 'facual le i t as i o eif bovet s cultvelvel he pe ai e ' Bel ' l . . . . At.Com .v.Tw om bl 550 U .S. 4 5 5( 0 )(n en l u tto makso te ) A p an ifs l y, 5 4, 5 20 7 itr a q oain r mi d . litf t ba i f r r i fE e r m or t n l be s a c l i .... 1 s s o ele t quies r e ha a l nd onc us ons ' d.The e or a pl i tf m us ' r f e, a n if t ' le f t s fce t saea1t ee nt of(he cli ' Bas v.E.. t lge acs ufiint o tt lhe lme s t j am.' s 1 DupontdeNemour & a s Co.324F.d 761 765( hCi.2003) , 3 , 4t r . De e m i ng w he he a com pl i s a e apl us b e c ai f r r le i ta c e - pe i i t r ni t r a nt t t s a i l l m o e i f s t ont xts c fc t s ta rq ie t er ve ngc u tod a o is u iil x re ea c mmo s n e' a k h t e ur s h e iwi o r t rw n t j d ca e peinc nd o n e s . ' As co t lb l 5 6U. 6 2, , 2 S. . 93 1 0 (0 9 .Th , c u t e e nnga h r f v.g a, 5 S. 6 1 9 Ct 1 7, 95 2 0 ) us a o r sr e i c antunde Rul 1 b)6)ca i ntf pla ngst taenote ildt a asumptonoftut ompli r e 2( ( n de iy e di ha r ntte o n s i rh be a e t y c i tofno m or t n l bel and c l i ns I A lhoug 1lbe a l c tue pr c us he onss e ha a s onc us o . d. t h i r ly onsr o y c ant,Hane v.Kene ,404U. 51 520- 1( 972) Idonotac ast i t' . ompli s i s ç r r S. 9, 2 1 , t he nmaes advoc t ,s s t de l ng sat or a cons iutona c ai st i a e f ie t c e l a e ua pon e ve opi t ut y nd tt i l l m he nm t a l d o l ary r ieont fc oft c ant eBr kv.Ca l 1 F. 241, (t Ci.1 ( tg, as he a e he ompli .Se oe nol, 07 3d 243 4h r 997) Luti J,c uri ) Be udetv. t ofHamptn,7 F. 1 1 ( h Ci.1 ) Seeas . onc rng ; a t Civ o 75 2d 274, 278 4t r 985 . lo Go d nv. e e 5 4F.d 1 4 ,1 51( t Ci.1 7 )(e o nzn t t dsrc c u tsn t r o Le k , 7 2 1 7 1 4h r 9 8 r c g iig ha a itit o r i o expe t d t a s e t r e ofa ca e f r a pr > plitf c e o s um he ol dvo t o o ç an ig. .. Tosaeacli unde j 1 apli ifmus aleg lhevi ai ofarg s urdbyt tt am r 983, antf t l e t olton t iht ec e he Consiuton a l wsoft Unie Stt , ndmus s t tt al gedde i ton wa tt i nd a he t d aes a t how ha he le prvai s c m it d by a pe s a tng unde c orofs a e l w .' W es v. ki , U. 42, (988 . om te r on c i r ol tt a ' t At ns 487 S. 48 1 ) The Foulh A m e ' t ndm e t t Unie St t Cons iuto s a esi pe tne pa t Cl r g oft nt o he t d a es tt i n t t n r i nt r , t - i ht he -he pe et bes c e i t i per ons...a i tunr as opl o e ur n her s gans e onabl s ar e e chesa s zles s lnotbe nd eitr , hal vi l t d,a no W a r nt s li s butupon pr bl c us . . . .' The pr t ctonsoft Fourh o a e nd r a s hal s ue, oba e a e ' oe i he t Am e en a e t i e e w he ape s t a l gii a e e c a i n ofprvac i t i de ndm t r r gg r d n r on t has e tm t xpe t t o i y n he nva d pl c ' s i d ie . R a v. li s 439U. 1 1 ( 978) a e' or e ze t m kas l lnoi , S. 28, 43 1 . Pl ntf sonl de c i i of s ai if y s rpton uppor i f c ss a e ,é a l Cr e ca e t m y r i nc t a t t t s t ry ous m o ng esde e t c a s rheda sgiz prpe t wihoutha ngmypemisonorwihoutha ngaprpe wie nd eac nd ejed o ry t vi r si t vi o r sarhwarnt' ( e c ra . Compl2. Pl ntf ssmpl sae ntt thedi notc e t as ac or ' . ) ai if i e ttme ha d ons nt o e rh s i ur t tocc r d wihoutawa r ntdoe no s t i l e a n how Cr e' alege a to e z e ha ure t ra s t ufk enty xpli ous s l d c ins c ns iut a unr a ona e s a ch ors i e i vi a i ofpl ntf sl gii a e e o tt e n e s bl e r e zur n ol ton ai i f e tm t xpec a i of t ton pr va y. Pl i i fdoe notalege t t s a c a s z e occ r d w ihi a c tl e o i c a ntf s l hat he e r h nd ei ur ur e t n ur iag r r i nc Pl i ifdoes de c i a f c st s es de e. a ntf s rbe ny a t o uppor an i e e e t the w a noton pr ton, t nf r nc ha s oba i no exi ntcr umsa se se ort te de ewa no i pl i vi w.Pl n ifdoe no pr de ge ic t nce xit d, ha vi nc s t n an e aitf s t ovi a f t al ga i aboutt c r um sa esoft s r h,a wihouts h f c s he f l t sae ny acual le ton he ic t nc he ea c nd t uc a t, ais o t t a ca m t ti t a i eon isf ce' li ha s ç usbl pl t a .'Twombl 55 U . a 5 Ac di l Idimi st v, 0 S. t 70. cor ngy, s s he Compli wihoutprj c frfii t saeacli uponwhihr ifma begrnt ant t eudie o alng o tt am c ele y a ed. The Cl r i di e t t s nd c esoft sM e o a e k s r c ed o e opi hi m r ndum Opi on a t a c pa yi ni nd he c om n ng Or rt pl n i f de o ai t f . E E : hi Y a ja o Jn ay201. NT R T s dy f au r, 2 # e orUnied St t DititJ t aes src udge
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