-RSB DePaola v. Wade et al, No. 7:2011cv00198 - Document 37 (W.D. Va. 2012)

Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Samuel G. Wilson on 03/30/2012. (kab)

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rdFRK' OFFI U.. SX COtr S CE S DI l ATROANOKE, VA F1 ED ! MA2 32 2 1 02 TH E U N I TED STA TES DI STR I C O U RT CT FO R TH E W ESTERN DISTR ICT O F VIR G I IA N R O AN O K E DIVISI N O ENJC JO SEPH DEPA O LA , J A . ULI BY: uu p X CLERK , ck ERg C i lActon N o.7: cvvi i 11- 00198 Pl nt f , ai i f M EM O M N DU M O PI I N N O V. JAM ES W A D E,etaI . D ef endant s. By:Sam uelG .W ison l Unie St t D i t i tJudg t d a es s r c e Thi i an a ton aga ns f ve e pl esoft V igi a De rm e ofCor ec i ss ci i t i m oye he r ni pa t nt r tons (k k VDOC' byi t ErcJ ep De l puruantt 42U. C.j1 f t ralge ' nmae i os h paoa s o ) S. 983 or hei le d vi a i ofhi Fis a Four e nt Am e e r gh s a pur ua t t Re i ous La Us ol ton s r t nd te h ndm nt i t nd s nt o he lgi nd e a l tt inai dPes Ac (ç PA')42U. C.j2000c ( nd nsiuto lze rons t t RLUl ', S. c 2006) Depa abrngst . ol i he a tona i tJ mesW a t Re Oni Stt Prs n($ ci gans a de,he d on ae io $ ROSP' f sr iedie t ; ' ood-e vc r cor B. ) Os boum e,a RO SP f s v ce w or r Laf ye t Fl m i a f r e RO SP co r tonalof i e ; ood- er i ke ; a te e ng, o m r r ec i fc r Tr cy Ray, he RO SP war n;a J m Ga m a a V DO C r ona die t . The s ta iesout a t de nd ol r n, egi l r c or ui r s oft de enda s f iur t s r Depaol sme sbef e s iea afe s e durng he f nt' al e o e ve a' al or unrs nd tr uns t i R a a n i 201 f l ng D e ol ss ngl r us lt de ons r t hi s nc r l he d r lgi m da n 0 olowi pa a' i e ef a o m t a e s i e e y l e i ous be i sby s i t lef how ng hem he pos e s d l l m i r lg ousm a e i s V D OC ha snc s t nta l s s e sa c ei i t ral . s i e ubs a i ly a t r t i tt i na polc t tl d t t di put . The de e nt m a nt n t tt y ha le ed he ns iuto l i y ha e o he s e f nda s i ai ha he ve quaii di lte mmuniyf De ol' j 1 da gecams t tRLUI doe notpr def t or pa as 983 ma li ,ha PA s ovi or da esagans t m,a t tDe ol srques frij tverle i moot Thec ta e mag i t he nd ha pa a' e t o n unci eif s . our gres a grnt s nd a s ummayj r udgme t tedee nt onalcai e e t sngl cli t tt nt o h fnda s l l ms xc pt he i e am ha he c le d polc vi l t Depa a' rgh st e lpr e ton,a t c tdimis t t ha lnge i y o aed ol s i t o qua ot ci nd he our s s es ha l cai wihoutprj c purua t 28U. C.j1 5()2)B) lm t eudie s nt o S. 91 e( ( . VD O C r c e ogni e a pr s z s i oner sr ghtt m a nt n a di tc i t tw ih hi r lgi ' i o i ai e ons s en t s e i ous belef a t r f em a s cilara m e st s l M usi a r nt bef e s rs a i s nd he e or kes pe a r nge nt o e' ve lm dhe e s or un ie nd a t rs e durng t m ont ofRa ada A sRa ada ne r ,RO SP di t i esa m e o t t fe uns t i he h m n. m n as s rbut m o he prs r r uii t t fl o asgn- s e i t y wih t bepl c d on t Ra da ione s eq rng hem o il ut i up he t f he s o ae he ma n f si ls. A pari pa i prs rm a c a tng it tci tng i one y hoos t r c ve a vege ara Com m on Fa e 2o e o e ei t i n, r, r r gul rditdurng t obs r a e a e i he c v nce.Theprs rha o mont t r ur t sgn- s e ,a tr ione s ne h o et n he i up he t fe whih t prs c c he ion ompiesaRa da pa tcpa i ls a ge r t pa tci ton c r t ha l ma n rii ton it nd ne aes ri pa i a ds o ng on c l do s A fe Ra a n obs r e l or . t r m da e vmw e begi , i on e pl yee us t pa tci to c r s t ns prs m o s e he ri pa i n a d o dit i e t a opra e t a t t a opra e c l be o e s i e a afe s ns t s rbut he ppr i t r ys o he ppr i t els f r unr s nd t r u e . l 2009,ROSP s v doverf hundr Ra da pa tcpa s(ppr mael haft n er e our ed ma n rii nt a oxi t y l he prs populton ,s ofwhom,t prs ltrdeer ne weenotprctci M usi . ion ai ) ome he ion ae t mi d, r a i ng lms Be us Ra a n f d-e v c r r st prs t s c a- de m e l and s pple a ca e m da oo s r i e equie he ion o pe i lor r a s u is nd di r ptisnor a s he e by pr di m e sa a ypi lhour ,RO SP s su t m l c dul ovi ng al t t ca s oughta way t lm i oi t pa tci ton t a t lpr c ii r ofl lm .M os Vigi ac r tona i tt i ta k ri pai o c ua a ttone s sa t r ni oreci l nsiutons r c p ione s'r lgi f ihsby m ant i nga E lgi Pa sLit' um e i whih r i ous rs r e i ous at i ani d i ous s s'doc ntng c elgi Re 1De ol rs nd dt t ede e da t'mo i f rs mmayj dg ntwihamo i f r pa a e po e o h f n ns ton o u r u me t ton o s umma yj g n ofhi own.Fo ter a o sae i ti me a du opii , h c r d ne hs r ud me t s r h e s ns ttd n hs mor n m non t e ou t e is i moto Th c tba e i opii o De l' a nd dc mpan .( Co l, C. No.1 - . in. e our s s t non n paoas me e o lit Am. mp .E. F. s 0 1) 2The Com mon Far di i desi d t meett nutii and r i ousnee ofa wi varet e et s gne o he rtonal elgi ds de i y ofr lgou g o s i ldi J wsa M usi .Se Ma s nv. r ni, 4 F. 11 1 ( h Ci. eii s r up ,ncu ng e nd lms e dio Vigi a 47 3d 8, 23 4t r 20 ) Ac lav. eon , 7: -v- 0 , 6W L 938 3l a * ( . Va. p .1 20 6) 06 . ool Ang l e No. 01c 01 08 200 , 7 , t 4 W D. Se t , 0 . s r i e pr s r a l nd. H o e r bec us RO SP i a s g e ton i tt i n, i doe noto f r e v c s i one s te w ve , a e fe s e r ga i ns iuto 3 t s gr up r i o s r i s a i t a a l w s c l- onfne i a e t vi w t e s r lgi o elgi us e v ce nd ns e d lo e lc i d nm t s o e el vi ed e i ous s r c a kee a ovedrlgi maeil i c l (u a Bi es Qurns a prye r gs. evies nd p ppr ei ous tras n-el s ch s bl , a , nd a r u ) Asa c eq nc t prs n doe notmai a naRei ousPa sLit ons ue e,he i o s nti lgi s s .Lac nga Pa sLitby ki s s whih i mi htve iy aprs rsf t ROSP i tt e apolc ofr quii pr pe tve c t g rf ione ' aih, nsiut d iy e rng os c i Ra da pa tcpa st ofe ofi al s i caofllmi a rnc ,s ha aQurn,Kut, ma n rii nt o fr fci s ome ndii sa c dhee e uc s a i orpr ye r Of e r who di notpos e sorr f e t s a r ug. f nde s d ss e us d o how r i ousm a e i l w oul b elgi tra s d e d m e i i e e i t i r i ousbe i f and r m ove f om t Ram a n pa tc pa i n ls . ee d ns nc r n he r elgi le s e d r he da r i i to it I 2010(heyea oft eve sgi ngrs t t slws t,ory-ihtpec oft n t r he nt vi ie o hi a ui)f t eg rent he ROSP prs populton sgne up t pa tcpa ei Ra a n,i udi i ae De a Afe ion ai i d o ri i t n m da ncl ng nm t paol. tr t sgn- wi he i up ndow cl e ROSP f s r iedie t rJ os d, ood- e vc r c o mnesW a viie i vi prs r de st d ndi dual ione s t i pl m en RO SP' new polc U pon a rvi a Depaol s c l,W a a ke D e ol t om e t S i y. r i ng t a' e l de s d pa a o s w hi aQurnorot rmaeilpeti ngt hi rlgiusfih.De pieha ngaQurnt ho m a he tra rani o s ei o at s t vi a o s how W ade Depa a faty r us W a i or e D e a t ti he w oul no s w a , ol l l ef ed. de nf m d paol ha f d t ho ny r lgi m a eral , he t prs w o d r ove hi f o t Ra a n pari i ton ls . e i ous t i s t n he i on ul em m r m he m da tc pa i i t 3The def nt lkel pl ed Depaol i s egaton a t hesabbed a prs guar . Sce enda s i y ac a n egr i fer t ion d De ol v. yor 7:0 v3 ( . Va. v.1 , 1 .Thec r pr ie a tetilaii fo t t pa a Ta l , 1 c 98 W D. No 8 201 ) ou t esd d t h ra rsng rm ha event i whi Depaol cl m edt ha been t vi i ofa gua d' exc i f ce.He over , n ch a ai o ve he ctm r s essve or came t he d e dat'moi frs efn ns ton o ummayj mez a de n ada i c utb l nga ou tecrumsa es r udg lt n a wd y n o r y yi b th ic tnc suroundi hi cl m . Depaol aleged t prs gua dspeppers ayed hi ,t ew hi t t toor r ng s ai a l hat ion r - pr m hr m o he l , a b a hm,al l heç sno r ssigno . . nne wi a we po o a yf r ' Se j.( nd e t i lwhie d wa t e itn r . a d t ny a ns f n o m. e .sAm. h ' j Co . -s E. F. 1 .Her a s redta cam, nd rp nat ofpcj y,i hsbre i o osto mpl7 , C. No. ) e se t h t li u e e l y rur n i if n pp iin t ted fnd ns motonfrsmmayj gme t( notmeduigt . . s ofe c siefrewa o h ee a t' i o u r ud n:i At i rn he . ue x e sv oc s t ePli ifame wiha ywe po ,a d o r ssi r sr it sr ggi o at ea. I ( .sRep. h antf r d t n a ns n / r e itng e tan , tu lng r hr t' d. Pl' s ' De s'M o.Su J 3, C. No. ) f . t mm. . E. F. 37 . Att i ,however t unas aied prs s veil ral , he s l ion ur lance vi o s de howe De ar re as d paol etive hank fom r ahi ng pl bef e char ng Of ierChrsopherDuton.Depaol a Duton st di ace or gi fc it t a nd t ruggld wih one e t a oh r nia oh r u r ar e o tese ea dp j e-pa e De oa Onyte weeteg ad n te u tl n te g ad ri d n h cn n e p rs ry d pa l. l h n r h u rs v abl t putDepaol on t gr eo a he ound and f cef l r tal hi .Ats or uly esr n m ome poi durng t sr e,Duton nt i he tuggl t s tie asa wo nd.Afe tej r viwe t s r ela c vi o whihDe ol hi el o frda usan d t b u tr h u y e d he u v iln e de - c pa a ms f fee s e i n e hec a e tc isa a mitdt theh dbe na ne wihas n Th u yr tr e a vde c - h ng d a tc nd d te ha a e n d t ha k. ej r eu n d ver cti f voroft def nt di n a he enda s. D e a r m a ne obs i t a W a m o on t c k ot rpr s r i o he c l . paol e i d tna e, nd de ved o hec he i one s n t r els De ol alege t thet nr reve hi Qurna uns c s f l tidt su pa a l s ha he eti d s a nd uc e suly re o tnmonW a ba k de c t hi cel. o s l Afe prs ofi a sr moved Depaol sna fom t Ra a n pa tci ton ls, tr ion fcil e a' me r he m da ri pa i it De l s htt ha f s vc wor B.Os nw a Ofi e La a t Fl mi r sor pao a oug o ve ood-er ie ker bou nd fc r f yete e ng e t e De ol s na e t t ls . W he t efor f l d,De ol fl d uns ce s ulc pl i s a pa a' m o he i t n hat f t aie pa a ie uc s f om a nt nd g i nc s uli a e y r e vi onl hi r a l s hed e Co m on Fa e di t reva e , tm t l ec i ng y s egul r y c ul d m r e. A fe Ra ada 201 V D OC ' l pe t rG e r r c m e d t tV D O C m a ge e tr m n 0, S ns c o ne al e om nde ha na m nt ' aiywha i rquie f veii ai ofrlgi cai . Se Re p.t Or r2,E. F. s rf cl t s e rd or rtc ton ei ous l ms' e s o de '( C. No. 35- . VDOC rs 1) eponde wih ame a d t morndum ex ani t ti t f ur VDOC s rgai pli ng ha,n he ut e, ege ton i tt i woul no rquiei e t haveQur orohe rlgi ie i t i pose so nsiutons d t e r nmats o ans t r ei ous tms n her ssin ts o how a s nc r r lgi bele . l t d,prs ofi i l w o d ve iy a pr s r s s n r i e e e i ous i f ns ea i on tc a s ul r f i one ' i ce e r lgi belefby ot rmea ,s h a r f r nci r c dsdoc e i t taprs rha ei ous i he ns uc s e e e ng e or um ntng ha ione s vi w e r lg ousDV D S lse d t r lgi usCD s orbor o e r lgi uslt r t e f om t e d ei i , i t ne o e i o , r w d e i o ie a ur r he p ion c pl i x s ha a n. 11. D e ol c a m st tt de e nt vi a ed hi r g unde RLUI t be f eef om pa a l i ha he f nda s ol t s i ht r PA o r r s t nta bur nson hi r i ous e r s 4 H e s e da a s whi h he c ai s a e a horz ubs a i l de s elgi xe ci e. e ks m ge , c l m r ut i ed byRLUI a a ij tono dei t dee nt ûoalow al ioneswhom rque tt PA, nd n nunci r rng he fnda s û l lprs r t e so pa tc pa e i Ra a n t be a l ri i t n m da o lowed t do s w ihou r s rdi a l ass i pr s r f l o o t t e t i on s ong a d i one s olow 4 Depaol , wi vru l n efr, o l h v s o hsQua wh nfrt se .Ne etees a t ital o fo tc ud a e h wn i rn e isa k d v rh ls, h y t cour hasas umed,alhough I hasnotdeci t prs ofi al subsantaly bur he t s t t ded, hat ion fci s t i l dened De a' paol s r i ousexer s by as ng hi f pr elgi cie ki m or oof.Andt c tac he our knowl dgest tDepaol sr m ovalfom t e ha a' e r he Ram a n pari pa i ls qualtesasa s t i bur on hi r i ousexer s Se Lovelcev. da tci ton it ii ubsantal den s elgi cie. e a Le ,47 F. 1 4 1 (t Ci. 00 . e 2 3d 7 , 87 4 h r 2 6) gui lne ofs h. ( . dei s uc ' Am Compl 1 E. F. 1 1) VDOC,mea l ha i tt eda ' . 0, C. No. 0- . nwhie, s nsiut ne of i i lpolc unde w hi h s gr a i prs ne slke D e ol a e no l e r quied t w fc a iy r c e eg ton i o r i pa a r ong r e r o pr s tl l i m a e i l i or rt pa tc pa e i Ra a n. The c t he ef r fndst t e en sam c t ra s n de o ri i t n m da our t r o e i ha De a l ' cam i mo t otee tn ta h s e st erme yo a ij n to a ans t e p oas li s o t h xe th t e e k h e d f n nu cin g i t h ea le prs polc And t t e e t thes kst r medy ofda a s t c t a st rir ion i y. o he xtnt ha ee he e m ge , he our gr nt he d fn a t' t nf rs mmayj d me tb c u eRLUI d e no a t o iecamsf r ee d ns moi o u r u g n e a s o PA o s t u h rz li o ofk i o i vi lc pact da t al r ndi dua a iy mage . s RLUI p o ie t ttn og v n me t h l i o eas bsa t l u d no te PA r vd s ha t l o e z n s al mp s u tni b r e n h l a r i ouse rieofapes rsdi i orco i t a i tt i ' 42U. C.j2000c - () elgi xecs ron e i ng n nfned o n nsiuton. ' S. c 1a ( 2006) Thee pi t t tsa r aie whe t gove ntc ndemonsr t t tt . xce ton o ha tndad rs s n he nune a tae ha he i ii ofabur n:))i i f rhea eofac eli govemme a i ees;a ( i t mposton de 61 s n ut rnc ( omp lng l ntl ntr t nd 2) s he l as r s rc i m e nsoff t r ng t tc pe lng gove nm ent li er s . l W hie RLUI e t e ti tve a urhe i ha om li r a nt e t' d. ' l PA pr vd sa a e u f rap io e t rmo e( aij n to )as b tn il u d no h srlgo s o ie n v n e o rs n r o e v vi nu cin u sa ta b r e n i eiiu e r s iC xe cie, t û doesnota horze c a m sf ofk i lori vi ua c pa iy da a s. Re l a ut i l i or t a ndi d l a c t m ge ' nde m n ' v. e,5 F. 1 2,1 1 n. ( h Ci. 9) And,a wih a1c esprs ntdf Rous 69 3d 8 84, 89 2 4t r200 . s t 1 as e e e or f d r lc u t du iain,'na t a c n r v rymu t ee tn a alsa e o r ve n t e ea-o r a j dc to E cu l o to es s b xa t t l tg s f e iw, o a m e e y a t tm e t c pl i i fl ' W hie Ta lPa ks nc. St o ,41 F. 451 457 r l t he i he om a nt s ied. ' t i r l v. r ube 3 3d , ( hCi.2005) Theei noa ua conr ryand( c ei mootwhe t is prsntdae 4t r . r s ct l toves ( as s a n he sues ee e r no l e ti ort pa te lck al ly cog z bl i t r ti t o c ong r lve' he ri s a egal ni a e n e es n he ut ome. Powelv. ' ' l M c r c 395U. 486,496( 969) coma k, S. 1 . U nde c r lng Fourh Cicui pr c nt D e ol i cl ary noten il d t da ag r ont oli t r t e ede , pa a s e l tte o m es unde RLU I , and t cour w iladdr t i ue no f t . I i e l cl a t tD e ol r PA he t l ess he ss urher5 t s qualy e r ha pa a 5Depaol scompl ntchar erzeshi RLUP A cl msasbei Gaut zed by t s a' ai act i s ai ng ç hori he pendi ng ca e' ( Compl 1 E. F. 1 - . De ol' c l i sae t a h s e tgj mp nst r lus . Am. ' . , C. No 0 1) pa a s omp ant t ts h t e e ks çc o e aoy i note ildt ij i rle Byi tt i ap iywheenofe r ar notr uie t s ntte o nunctve eif nsiutng olc ri fnde s e eq rd o pr s r lgi m a e i l t pa tc pa e i Ra a n,VD O C ha m oot d Depa a' RLU PA e ent e i ous t r a s o r i i t n m da s e ol s cl i by es e i ly gi ng hi t r i fhe s eks6 I t s r am s nta l vi m he ele e . n hi espect t i s i no l rt i e. onge t v ' l ' , he s ue s Se Powel 395U . a 496. Acc di y,hec twilg a t def nda s moton f r e l, S. t or ngl t our l r nt he e nt' i o s mmayj g n o De o asRL PA cam.S eRe d l n 5 9F.da 1 9(fimig u r ud me t n pa l' UI li e n ema , 6 3 t 8 afr n s mmayj d me ti f v ro tedee d n sb c us RLUI d e n ta t o ieot a o u r u g n n a o f h fn a t e a e PA o s o u h rz f l r ki i viualc pact da sa dimisngasmoott pli ifscam f ij ci r ig. ndi d a iy mage nd s si he antf li or nun tve ele 11 1. Depaol c am st tt de e nt vi a e hi Fis Am e a l i ha he f nda s olt d s r t ndme fe e r s rgh sa nt r e xe cie i t nd t a h i e tte t ijmcierle a dd ma e t r de sto evolto s Aswi De a l' h t e s n ild o nt tv eif n a g s o e r s h s i ain . t p oas h RLUI cli a cam f ij tverle und rt Fis Ame PA am, ny li or nunci eif e he rt ndmen i moo .And, ts t be a e r as c us e onabl of i e s w oul notha unde sood t ta ki Depaol t s e fc r d ve rt ha s ng a o how s e om i ci ofhi snc r r i ous be i fa r m ovi hi fom t Ra a n pa tc pa i ls ndi a s i e e elgi le nd e ng m r he m da r i i ton i t da g si t a o tof$5 0 .. a a r s tof.. vi a i nso Pl i ifsU . C. i h s' Be a s ma e n he m un 0, 00 . s e ul . ol to f antf ' S. rg t . c u e ' h as y a sfrd ma e fr ilto o hs o si to a rg t,h c utieal c ntu s ip /s e lo ry o a g s o voain f ic ntuin lihste o r l rl o sr e hs r e t b y c ompl ntasr al eques i com pens i f RLUI vi atons SeeBeaudet v.Ciy ofHampt 775 tng aton or I PA ol i . t t on, F.d 1 7 1 77 ( t Ci.1 ) 2 2 4, 2 -78 4h r 985 . 6Alho hDe ol' r qu se ij nci wo d ode t dee a t io alw at i o e s t ug pa a s e e td n u ton ul r r he f nd n s E lo lpls n r t whom r eques t pa tci t i Ramadan t be alowedt do s wihoutr sti i as l assai t o r i pa e n o l o o t e rcton ong d p ion r f lw g d lne o s c 'weetec ur t a r ij ci r le ,l U. C.j3 26 a( ) rs e s olo uiei s f u h, r h o to wa d nun tve eif 8 S. 6 () l ' wo dc nsri tec urt cat c nsd rbymoen now ij cin: ul o tan h o to rfa o iea l r a nunto Pr pectver i i any ci la i wih r pec t prson condii s lextnd no os i elef n vi cton t es t o i tons hal e f t rt neces ar t corec t vi aton oft Feder rghtofapariul pl ntf urhe han s y o r t he ol i he al i tc ar ai if orpl ntf s The cour shal notgr orappr a pr ai if . t l ant ove ny ospec i r i unl t cour tve elef ess he t fi t ts r i i narow l dr wn,ext nds ha uch elef s r y a endsno f t t ne sar t cor e t urher han ces y o r ct he vi aton oft Feder rght and i t I ti r i m eansnec al t cor e t ol i he al i , s he eas ntusve ess ' o r ct he y vi aton oft Feder rght ol i he al i . whe her f ed c n e us oope a ewoul vi a eDe ol sfe exe c s rght , hedef nda sa e rt d olt pa a' r e r ie i s t e nt r e il t qua ii i t t on De ol ' cli f rdn ntted o lfed mm miy pa a s am o mage . s7 The Fi s A m e e ' Fr e Exe c s Cl us ,lke RLU I , o bis s t nta rt ndm nt s e rie a e i PA pr hi t ubsa i l bur nsonrlgi e rie.Lovelcev.Le 472F. 1 1 -99& n. ( h Ci.2006 . de ei ous xecs a e, 3d 74, 98 8 4t r ) U nde t Fr Exe c s Cl us t pr s r he ee r i e a e, $ i onerha a i ry es a i hed ... i htt a di t a s dea l t bls rg o e c itntwih hi ...rlgiuss r pls''l a 1 -99( lps i orgi l ( i Fodv. onsse t s ei o c u e .' d. t 98 eli es n i na) quotng r McGi s 35 F. 58 597( Ci. nni, 2 3d 2, 2nd r 2003).dA prs ofkilvi ae t sceal ) t ion t a olts hi l ry e tbl h drg ti h i tn inal a dwi o ts fi in j siiaind ne a imaehs sa i e ih f e ne to l n t u u tce t u tfc to e is n n t i s y h r i ous y m a t di t' I a 1 Buti c r tt RLU I ' c pe lng gove nm e al elgi l nda ed e . d. t 99. ' n ontas o PA S om li r nt i e es/e tr src i a tr tvet t i t c s ofc ce prs r t Fis Am e ntr tlas e titve le nai es, n he a e onvi td ione s he r t ndme nt pe misfe e r ier titonst ta e ç e ona y a pt dt a evi a lgii ae r t r e xe cs esrc i ha r t as bl da e o chi ng e tm t r pe oo ia o j ci e' 1 . t2 0( u tn Yo n v Co c i 8 6F.d 5 7 5 0(ndCi. n lgc l b e tv . d a 0 q oi g u c . u hl 6 2 6 , 7 2 ' n, r 1 ).Thus i t ca eofprs nes t Fis Ame 989) ,n he s io r,he rt ndme ta f dsprs n ofiil grae n for io fcas e tr ltt et nRLUI l n. ( i M a s v.Rie ,355F. 31 31 -1 n. ( hCi. aiud ha PA. d. 8 quotng dion tr 3d 0, 4 5 1 4t r 2003).TheEea ona ya ptd't ta ks ) û s bl da e 'es s : r ( )whehe t r i açvai rtona co cin'bewee t prs r ulton 1 t r hee s d ld, ai l nne to ' t n he ion eg ai ora ton a t i e e tas e t d by t gove m e ,o w he he t s i e es i c i nd he nt r s s r e he nl nt r t r hi nt r t s t ormoea t rn e t epoiy abta yo irto a' ( )wh t e ç len tv t e t s o e d r h l r i r r rain l '2 eh r l tr aie s c r ' a mea o e r sngt rg ...e i ope t prs ni t ';( wha i d ns f xecii he iht rman n o io nmaes' 3) tmpa t de ie a co m oda i w o d ha on s c iy s a f i a e ,a t he s r d c m ton ul ve e urt t f , nm t s nd he aloc ton ofprs rs c ;a ( whehe t r e s a tobvi , s l ai ion e oures nd 4) t r hee xit ny ç ous eay ale atves' o t c le t m i 't he ha l nged r a i ora ton,w hi h m a s egul ton ci c y ugges t ti i t ha t s ç o ra o a e b ti ( ta )a e a g rtdr s o s t p io c n en . t t e s n bl, u s i e d n x g eae e p n e o rs n o c r s' n ns ' 1The def nseofquaii i muniy i avaia eonl t an of i als i hi i vi or e lfed m t s lbl y o fci ued n s ndi dual pe s r onalcapaciy,and nott an of i als i hi of i alcapaciy. Kent t o fci ued n s fci t uckv v.Gr aham,473 U. 159, S. 1 5 ( 98 ) I t sc s ,hec mpl ntalg sta Ra a Gama a eb i s di t i idi du l 6 -68 1 5 . n hi a e t o ai le e h t y nd r n r eng ue n her n vi a and of i alca tes.The cour agr w ih t def fci pacii t ees t he endant t ,i t rofi alcapacii ,W ar Ray s hat n hei fci tes den a dDi co Gama aen ttesn 'fr u sso j1 8 a dtu aee t ldt Elv nh n r tr r n r o t:ro s'o p moe f 9 3 n h s r nie o e e t e 1 1 t Ame me ti niy. S eW 11v. ih. p,ofSaePolc ,4 U. 5 71( 98 . nd n mmu t e l M c De t tt ie 91 S. 8, 1 9) Th sa pr a h gve d f rn et lh c n iee j d me t fp io a mi itao s i p o c i s ee e c o s e o sd r d u g n o rs n d nsrtr, t ç ho a e a t ly cha ged w ih a tai d i t nz ng oft pa tc a i tt i unde w r c ua l r t nd r ne n he nni he r i ul r ns iuton r e mi ton.' O' v.EsaeofSha zz 482U. 342,349( 987 ( tngBelv. olih, xa nai '' Lone tt ba , S. 1 ) quoi l W fs 4 U. 5 0 5 2( 9 9 ) l i i t sc ne t h t rs na miitao sma a p o raey 41 S. 2 , 6 1 7 ). t s n hi o tx t a p io d n srtr y p r p itl que ton w he he a pr s ne ' r lgi be i f ,a s r e ast ba i f a r quesed si t r i o r s e i ous le s s e t d he s s or e t a ommo ton, r sncee.Se e. , orionv.Gar cht 239F. 648,658( hCi.2001 cc dai a e i r e. g.M rs ra y, 3d 4t r ) (id n ac n tt to a voain b c us t ed f n a t ' e e e au tdt sn e i o ( e fn i g o siui n l ilto e a e h e e d ns l v r v lae he ic rt f t n y h prs rs beif'ast ywoul ha f ot ri ts'rquessf r i ous ione ') le s' he d ve or he nmae e t or elgi a c mmo ai n ) s eas Cutrv. i n o 5 4U. 7 9, 25n.3( 0 5 (e o n zn c o d to s; e lo te W l s n, 4 S. 0 7 ki 1 2 0 ) rc g iig snc rt t tngi t c e ofRLUI . i eiy-esi n he ontxt PA) U nde t doc rne ofqualted i m uniy,S r he t i ii m t t r e ofi i l pe f nni di c e i r gove nm nt fc a s r o ng s r tona y fmci ge al a e s e de fom la lt f ci lda esi of rast i c t tons ner ly r hil d r ibiiy or vi mag ns a her onductdoe not s vi a ec e ry e tbls d saut y o c tt tonalrght ofwhih a r as na epe s woul olt l a l sa ihe t t or r onsiu i i s c e o bl ron d ha known.'Hal v.Fizz ad, U. 800,81 (1 2) Thei r i t ol ac t ve ' row t erl 457 S. 8 98 . nquiy s wof d: our s d de e ne whet a rg wa vi a e a a s whe he t trghtwasc e ry houl t nui her ny i ht s olt d nd l o t r ha i lal esabls d a t tme oft a l edvi a i Se M ilrv. i Ge ce' Cnt ,475 F. t ihe t he i he leg olton. e le Prnce or s v. 3d 6 626-27( hCi.2007) A c tc 21, 4t r . our onducst tatri r bydetr ni whehe a t he d te nquiy l e mi ng t r r s na eofi rwoul ha undert t thi c ea o bl fce d ve sood ha s onduc vi a e t a s re rg . l a t olt d he s e td i ht' d. t ' 627. The c t a exe c s di c eton i de i ng whi h oft t o pr our m y r i e s r i n c di c he w ongs t add es fr t o r s is . Peas v. la n,555U. 223,236( ), e as L=a 237-45(xpli ngt tt s ron Calha S. 2009 .s e lo /.t e ani ha hi a oa h e i naest nee f courst a es ditc ta C s e i ly a de i' ppr c lmi t he d or t o ddr s fi ul nd i s ntal ca m c' e c tttonalque to ) onsiui sins. 8 The Supr m e Cour ha e a ne t tt ope a i n ofqua ii d i m uniy Cde nds e t s xpl i d ha he r t o lf e m t t pe s t nta l upon t l velofge r lt a whi h t r l van çe lnze'i t be i ntfe ' ubs a i ly he e ne a iy t c he e e t l ga l s o de i i d. ' Andes v.Criht 48 U. 635,639( 987 .d e mpl t rg t duepr e soflw ron eg on, 3 S. 1 ) Tor xn e,he iht o oc s a i q t c e l e t bls by t D ue Pr s Cl us a t t r i a s e i w hi h an s uie l ary s a i hed he oce s a e, nd hus he e s ens n c y a tont tvi aest tClus ( matrhow uncla ima bet tt pariul a toni a ci ha olt ha a e no te e r t y ha he tc ar ci s vi ain)vi ae acla l esa ihedrght' I (mphassa d) Butdeemi ng, tt t olto olts e ry tbls i . d.e ' i dde . tr ni a ha l ve ofg ner lt whehe a1 w i c e ry e t bls woul ibe no r l tons p t t e l e aiy, t r a s l a l sa ihed d l ar e ai hi o he tb e tv lg l e s na ln s'ta i tet u h tn o teE u lfe i nt iq iy 'a d i o j cie e a r a o b e e s h t s h o c so e f h q aiid mmu iy n ur q' n t ç s d d toy thebaa et tourc essrkebe we n t i e e t i vi cai ofctz ns' woul esr t lnc ha as ti t e he nt r s s n ndi ton iie c tt i ons iutonalrght a i publc of i i s e f c i pe f i s nd n i f c al ' f e tve r onna e oft rdute , by m a ng i nc hei i s ' ki t i sbl f ofii sGe onabl gola ii t whe t i c mposi e or fcal ras y t ntcpae n her onduc ma gi rs t la lt t y ve ie o ibiiy frda es''l (ec atrtoni oi na) Thus Sherg t ofi ali alge t ha o mag .' d. s ond leai n rgi l. ,t iht he tci s le d o ve t vi a e m us ha bee S e r y esa i he i a m or pa tc a i d, he m or r l va , ol t d t ve n cl a l t bls d' n e r i ul rze and nce e e e nt s ns The c our oft rghtmus be s fce l cea t tar s bl ofk i wo d e e: ont s he i t ufi inty l r ha ea ona e t al ul 8 unde s a t tw ha he i doi vi a est tr g .' l . t6 . To de e m i t n,whe he r t nd ha t s ng ol t ha i ht' d a 40 t r ne, he t r t ofii ls d ha known t thi aci vi aed arght t cour m us e m i t f c s he fc a houl ve ha s ton olt i , he t t xa ne he a t ça ahih lve ofpa iulrt ' Ca dt g e l rtc aiy.' mpbelv. lo y, F. 258,271( hCi. l Galwa 483 3d 4t r 2007) . Publc ofi a sa e notla e f m a ng l d gue s i gr y a e y' M ac a i lo v. i tci l r i bl or ki s ba s es n a r as' ire l Sumne ,973F2d295, ( hCi.1 ) a t r a ea eda yfwera ytc lbrg lne r 298 4t r 992 , nd hee r ppr bl e nal ia iht i s i t prs con e whe et 1 w gi prs ofii l s m el tt a t de i i ma ng n he ion t xt r he a ves ion fc as o aiude, nd he c son- ki pr e sper t t baa ngofvarousi e et,seBe o v. l n,786F. 268, ( h oc s mis he lnci i ntr ss e ns n Alphi 2d 276 7t 8t-hi i nott s y t tan ofici acton i pr ect by qualfed i muniy unl st ver ç ss f o a ha t al i s ot ed ii m t es he y ac i i ques i haspr ousy been hel unl ul buti i t sa t i t lghtofpr exitng lw ton n ton evi l d awf , t s o y hat n he i e- si a t eu a ule smus b a pa e . And ron 483U. a 6 ( ttonomitd . h nlwf n s t e p rnt' e s , ' S. t 40 ci i a te ) Ci.1986 ( i t taconsiutona r eûnvol ngt balnci ofcompei i ee t'i r ) notng ha tt i l ul ç vi he a ng i tng ntrss's Cs f tde nde tt tt da c nr rl bec i rd ç e l esa ihe ' (upes de on to ac pe n ha he lw' a aey onsdee clary tbls d'' s re d ) ohe gr t r oundsbya nd ntt t Fe r lRul ofCi lPr ed e) s eas Ripahv. o me me o he de a es vi oc ur ; e lo d t Bd. f Govenor ofM as l Uni ,447F. 292,320(t Ci. )(ec zng,nt c e of r s rhal v. 3d 4h r 2006 r ognii i he ontxt Fis Am e e s c t dif c t offndi a cl a l e t bls d r g bec us i e e t rt ndm nt pee h, he f i uly ng e r y s a i he i ht a e nt r s - baa i i r rd)(ii M c yv.St y,1 F. 271, ( h Ci.1 );Tor c v. lncng s equie ctng ve ac 57 3d 277 4t r 998) be k Zoon, 96- 962,1 W L 532496, t*2(t Ci. No. 1 997 a 4h r Augus 29,1 (abl de ii t 997) t e cson) (e o nzn tesmei tec ne t fp o e u a d ep o e s. r c g iig h a n h o tx o r c d r l u r c s) W ih t e pr c s i m i t c t ur t t quesi ofqua ii i m uniy a t hos e ept n nd, he our t ns o he ton lfed m t nd c l st tr s bl of i i s unde t c r um s a espr e he e w oul notha onc ude ha ea ona e f c al r he ic t nc es nt r d ve unde s ood t tt rc rt ha hei onduc vi a e D e ol sf e e r s r g s Detni t i s a t t ol t d pa a' r e xe ci e i ht . i ng he s ue t he r quiielvelofpa tculrt t r e nti r i notsm pl wheherprs ofi i sde e e st e ri a iy, he elva nquiy s i y t ion fcal ni d De ol srghtt pa tc pa ei Rn pa a' i o rii t n mada bu r t r i lgh oft c e ry e tbls d prnci e n, t ahe , n i t he l a l sa ihe i pls gove ni t s r i e ofr i ous m ea si c r to li tt i ,whe he a of i i lc d r ng he e v c elgi l n or ec i na nsiutons t r n fc a oul ha r a ona y be i ve i l w f t a k De ol t dem ons r t t s nc r t ofhi r i o ve e s bl le d t a ul o s pa a o t a e he i e iy s elgi us be i fby s i r i ous m a e i l a t sr ke hi fom t R a ada pa tci ton ls w he le how ng elgi t r a s nd o ti m r he m n r i pa i i t n Depaol r f s d t c a e u e o oope a e. W hie t e e t bls pr nc pl s hol t tt r i a Fis rt l hos s a i hed i i e d ha he e s r t Am e ndmen rghtt pa tci t i Rn dan, he alo hol t r i no Fis Ame m e t i o ri pa e n ma t y s d he e s rt nd nt vi a i n9w he a pr s polc i r s bl a e t a hi vi a l gii a e pe ogi a ol to n i on i y s ea ona y dapt d o c e ng e tm t nol c l 9I deed,prs polcy manual ar r ee wih r a i r di r i ousm eal, andt ion i s e eplt t egultons egar ng elgi s n he c s rpo tr a ea hwih o ninsr gadigt pop it oft s r g ai s Se s g.( .sM o . a e e res r was t pi o e r n he r rey ho e e ulton . e e. , Pl' t S umm. . - E. . No.3 (ho ngt VDOC Foo Se vc M a la t VDOC Ope ai J 31 66, C F. 2) s wi he d r ie nua nd he r tng Pr ed r o Ofe e Re i o Pr r ms; dul s e v. l n 60 F. 1 01( 0hCi. 01 ) oc u e n fnd r lgius og a ) Ab ha e b Cabo e, 0 3d 3 1 t r 2 0 ; Nelo v. ilr 57 F. 8 ( t Ci. 0 ;Ga o v.lwaDe tofCo .5 lF. 8 ( 9 ; s n M le , 0 3d 68 7h r 20 9) ds n o p' n' 5 3d 25 200 ) , Lo lc , 72F. a 1 -2 Qut o tn, o t fn t tter g ai si q sin weeEe s a y vea e 4 3d t 99 00. ie fe c urs id ha h e ulton n ueto r l a on bl r a ptdt a hivi al ii t p noogia o j cie' Ba a o ki Ha t 48 F.d 1 2( t Ci. da e o c e ng egtmae e l c l b e tv . r n ws v. r, 6 3 1 5h r ' 200 )( di t a aprs sde a ofaKo he ditwa r a o a yr ltdt t elgii t p n o c l 7 hol ng h t ion' nil s r e s e s n bl eae o h e tmae e olgia l 0 obe tv , n t t rs n a miitao sma q e to wh te aprs n rsb l t a sre a te j cie a d ha p io d n srtr y u sin eh r io e ' ei l se td s h e ba i f ra r que t d a om m oda i i au he i . s s o e s e cc ton, s t ntc F c da t yweewiht ep noo ia o jcie o c n r ligc ssa dmi i zn a e s he r t h e lgc l be tv s f o toln o t n nmiig o e ain l ir pi n , P o fcasi lme tdap lc me n t raiet s o j cie p r to a ds u to s ROS fiil mp e n e oiy a t o e l ho e b e tv s z by lm ii R a a n pa tc pa i t snc r M us i s Tha polc m e e y r quied a prs r i tng m da r i i ton o i e e lm . t i y r l e r i one c a m i a r ghtt pa tc pa e i R a a n t pr s nts e i ci ofhi s nc r y hel r lgi l i ng i o r i i t n m da o e e om ndi a s i e el d e i ous b le .l i u ce r(n t ec u t e dno d cd )wh te co ej iilsr tn wo l rv a eif t s n la a d h o r n e t e i e eh r ls udca c uiy ud e e l t tpa tc a me ofsnc rt t si t bec tt i l s t i bl . Buti i notuncla ha riul r ans i e iy-e tng o onsiutonaly usa na e ts er t ti i pe m isbl f prs ofii l t ado polcesde i ha t s r s i e or i on fc a s o pt i i sgnedt co r coss pr ve o ntol t , e nt ope ai ldir ptons a verf t snc rt ofr lgi be if- - ven whe t epolces r tona s u i , nd iy he i e iy e i ous le s -e n hos i i a e i fi to wih f e e c s r ght . r n r c i n t r e xer i e i s He e, he dec s o t r m ove D e ol f om t pa tc pa i ls w asneihe pt ii nor r t ii n o e pa a r he ri i ton it t r m tve abtay b twa i f rh rn eo lgtmaep n o ia o j ci s A r a o a eo fca r i r , u s n u tea c f e ii t e olgc l be t . e s n bl fiil r ve w oul notha unde s ood C n lghtofpr - xi tng l w ' t ti pl m e i a polc des g d t d ve rt t i i e e si a ' ha m e ntng i y i ne o i ntf ac ua M us i a he en s w oul vi at t Fr e Exer i e Cl us oft Fi s nde i y t l lm d r t d ol e he e c s a e he r t Ame e .The polc t def nda si eme edta gr s e no brg lne . Acc di y, ndm nt i y he e nt mpl nt r ns e s d i ht i s or ngl t ed f n a t aee t ldt q aiidi nt , n tec u t l g a ts mma yj d me t n h ee d ns r ni e o u lfe mmu iy a d h o r wi rn u r u g n o t l Depaol s Fi s A m e a' r t ndm e c ai . nt l m it rs c nui ngc ta dr ni asmplfe f o p o a ; la t Hor 3 F. 2 ( dCi. n ee t o ni os n un ng i iid o d r grm) De l r v. n, 90 3d 62 3 r 20 )( l n t taprs n' d nilo aBu hitde wa r a on bl r lt dt t prs slgtmae 04 hodig ha io s e a f dd s it s e s a y eae o he ion' e ii t pe olgia it rs i efce tf odpr viin) W ila v. o t ,3 F. 2l ( d Ci. 03 n o c ln ee t n fiin o o so ; lims M ron 43 3d 2 3 r 20 ) ( l ngt tap io sde al Hal me twa r a o byr lt dt t lgtmaep noogc litr ss hodi ha rs n' ni of al a s e s na l eae o he e ii t e l ia ne et ofsmplfe f ods r ie s c iy a d c s c nto) Co pe v. n m, 97 71 ,1 8W L 23 91 i iid o e vc , e urt , n o t o r l; o r La ha No. - 83 99 0 3 ( t Ci.1 98 (a ede ii ( ol ngt tap io sd nilo Kos rme l wa ra on l r ltdt 4 h r 9 ) tbl cson) h di ha rs n' e a f he as s e s aby eae o t elgtmaepe olgia i e e tofc s r nga d ma a ngprs n r o c ) h e ii t n o c lntr s on e vi n n gi io es ures. IV . De acli t tdef nda sRa Ga m a Os ne,a Fl ng, hr paol a ms ha e nt y, r n, bour nd emi t ough t i her i vi a tons dipl d i lbe a ei fe e e a c rbut t t a ndi dual c i , s aye û i r t ndif r nc nd onti ed o he bove de c i d de s rbe ' voain o tePlitf go ttto a a dsau o yrg t)'1 ( m. pl 9 E. F. 0 1) ilt s f h an ifs c nsi in l n tttr ih s. 0 A com o u , C. 1 - . . Es e i l D e ol c a m s t tt de e nt vi a e t Fis A m endm e by notr ur ng s ntaly, pa a l i ha he f nda s ol t d he r t nt et ni hi na e t t Ra a n pa tc pa i ls w he D e ol i ca ed t the w a pr pa e t s m o he m da r i i ton i t n pa a ndi t ha s e rd o compl wih prs polc The c ttndst tar a o bl ofi i lunde t cr y t ion iy. our i ha e s na e fc a r he icumsa es t nc t s f i vi lde e nt f e woul notha known t thi c he e our ndi dua f nda s ac d d ve ha s onduc vi aedt Fis t olt he rt Am e e . The def nda s a e t r or e il t qua ii i m uniy o t da m . ndm nt e nt r he ef e ntted o lted m t n he i Be us t c ur m us e m i t f c s t ta hi l ve ofpa tc a iy, Ca pbel, 3 ca e he o t t xn ne he a t t a gh e l ri ul rt ' m ' l 48 F. a 271, nd be a e t pa tc a i d f c sa euni t t sc a m ,t c t ilr ie 3d t a c us he r i ul rze a t r que o hi l i he our w l ect t m he e. Fi s ,Depaol salega i r ga di f s r i w or rO s he r rt a' l tons e r ng ood- e v ce ke bour on J y 31 t ne: ul s , a trW a r m ove De ol fom t Rama n pa tci ton ls,De ol die t d a S nmae fe de e d pa a r he da ri pa i it pa a r c e n t t l Re s f l or ton/ r i 't Os ne, ki whe he hi na ewason t Ra que t or nf ma i se vce' o bour as ng t r s m he mada n ls.( .sM otSumm. 1 E. F. 32)(t silwa t pa tcpaei Rama myna it Pl' . J. 06, C. No. ( tl nt o rii t n I dan me s ul silbeont ls i i?'.Os ho d tl he it s t' boumer pondedonAugus 9t e ani t tDe ol s ) es t h, xpli ng ha pa a' nn e w a noton t ls bec us he f ie t f fl hi oblga i unde RO SP' Ra a n m s he i t a e a l d o ulil s i tons r S m da 1 Thecour not t tD e a' own s 0 t es ha paol s ubmi i ar i di rc opposton t t pr ssons e n ameti ii o he oposii ton t prs of i al w e e orar i fer t hi r i ousrght He hass it document s i hat ion fci s r e ndif ent o s elgi i s. ubm ted s how ng hi r s eques f and pl t or acementon t non- k dit hi s equentr he por e , s ubs eques f a pl em entont t or nd ac he Com mon Far di ,a dozen pagesoft prs sf s rvie m a e et he ion' ood- e c nualperai ng t Ra adan a t t ni o m nd he Com mon Far dit t o- en pagesofVDOC ope atng pr e e , w doz r i ocedur perai ng t r i ouss vi , es t ni o elgi er ces s nt t PowerPoi sldesm eantf saf tai ng perai ngt l l ,a t yeve p wo nt i or t f r ni t ni o sam went page dl andbook of dl M uslm Belef and Pr tcesf V igi aCorectonall tt i ,'ffee pagesofDepaol s i is ac i or r ni r i nsiutons' it n a' adm i sr i gre nitatve ivancesr di hi Ramadan pari pa i a t ri e ngl det l ofk i egar ng s tci ton nd hei ncr asi y aied t al r pons a f m s es es, or howi hi cel r si ng s l eas gnmentdue t Depaol scom pl ntt hi cel wasunsuiabl o a' ai hat s l t e be e asaiwel obs ed hi vi ofa t evii s i r i ouss vi ,a a s e caus t r l cur s ew el son how ng elgi er ces nd ubs quent ( ns c e sul d ma d f ane c l c us hsbe wa pe ma e typo iine s ht tialg dl u u c sf ) e n or w elbe a e i d s r n n l sto d uc ha t le e y hidee hi a iiyt p a ( .sM o .S n r d s blt o r y. Pl' t umm. .11 20 E. F. 3 ) J -1 , C. No. 2. 1 2 polc Al oon Augus 9t a Os um ew a d srbutngRa dan pa tc pa i c r , pa a i y. s t h, s bo s iti i ma rii ton a ds De ol ale y s e Os l gedl how d bour r lgi m a e i l a as d O s ne t r ur D e ol sna e t ne e i ous t r a s nd ke bour o et n pa a' m o t pa tcpai ls .Ac di t De ol Os ur al dl s d S woul c k on i. he rii ton it cor ng o pa a, bo ne lege y ai i he d hec t' ' ( Compl6, C. No.1 1 ) s e( bour Af.1 E. F. 1 3 (i donotr c l Am. . E. F. 0- ) but e Os ne f -2, C. No. 6- ) ç1 e al ofe rDe ol gi s wi meanyrlgi maerasf Ra da pa tci ton.).On fnde pa a scl ho ng ei ous t il or ma n ri pai ' Aug t1 h, paol die e a he ll t Re tf rI or ton/ r c ' a Os ne us 2t De a r ctd not r ûnma e ques o nf ma i se vie' t bour a as d hi whet D e ol ha s nd ke m her pa a d hown Os um e a l l m i pam phl t l i unc e rw he he bo n sn c e. t s la t r O s ur s w t i r butW a r po d t i by e ai ng t pr s s polc a t ti bo ne a he nqui y, de es nde o t xpl ni he i on' i y nd ha t w a c r c l a i d. s or e ty pple W ih r pe tt Fl m i D e ol a l ge t tbe w e J y 27t and Aug t 1 t t es c o e ng, pa a le s ha t en ul h us 2 h, Depa ateq se andpl ded( r ly)wihDe.Flmi ...ohel Pl ntf ge bac o ol d uetd r ea vebal t f e ng t p ai if t k n t Ra da ls a ox. tmes' ( Compl7,E. F. 1 1;buts ( e ngAf.1 he ma n it ppr 4 i . Am. ' . C. No. 0-) ee Flmi f , E. F. 1 4)(tdi notr als a ngt ofe rDe ol giqa utbengplce ont C. No. 6- 6 d ec l pe ki o fnde pa a sc bo i a d he l Ra a n f si ls whie1wasa ROSP.N o do Ir alt li De ol lwoul c c i o i m da a tng it l t r ec l e lng pa a d he k nt t asheal esi hi lws t s 1wasnota eofe rDe awasaMusi '.Depa a leg n s a ui.Alo war fnde paol lm.) ' ol alo fld a EEmer nc Gre nc 'on Aug t9t expl ni t tW a ha r movedhi s ie n s ge y iva e' us h ai ng ha de d e m fom t ls f no s r he it or t howi r lgi usm ae i l,whih Flm i r ponde t l t rt td by ng e i o t ra s c e ng es d o a e ha ay a sngDepaol t us t pr rf m f hi c dvii a o e he ope or or s ompl nt ai . U nha w ih t e r pons , e ol tl d a Aug t 1 h S e a Gr e nce ' ih ppy t hos es es D pa a i e n us 2t i gul r i va ' w t R W a de Ra e a ni t tW a r movedhi fom t pa tdpai ls, ha hehad snc r n y, xpli ng ha de e m r he ri ton it t t i . e s hown Os ner i ousm a e i s t thewa edt pa tcpat i Ra a n,a t the bour elgi t ral, ha nt o ri i e n m da nd ha wa t d $50, i da ne 000 n mage a f rW a t befr W a de Ray r s s nd o de o ied. r n e ponded a l ngt on or te h y' wn nvesi ton he te , xpl i ng a ound O c obe 1 h1 by s m a i ng Ra so i tga i oft m at r e a ni w hy r t r 2t 1 um rzi De ol wasr m ove fom t pa tc pa i ls a t r as f ROSP' polc a tndi pa a e d r he rii ton it nd he e ons or S iy, nd i ng no polc vi ai n. On Oct r 1 t De ol a a e Ra sde son t Re onalDie t iy ol to obe 2 h, pa a ppe l d y' cii o gi r c or J hn G a m a Ga n r s o r n. nna e ponde a w ee l t rby s m m a i i Depaol sco pl nt e a ni d k ae u r z ng a' m ai , xpl i ng t tprs s a fdi notvi a e prs polc a uphol ng R a s de s on. ha i on t f d ol t i on i y, nd di y' cii Asnot t r a e a ec a y f we a l i lbrg lne i t prs con e whe e ed, he e r ppr ibl e r naytca i ht i s n he ion t xt r t 1w gi prs ofi i ss he a ves ion fcal ome ltt andt de i i ma ng pr s per t t a iude he c son- ki oce s mis he balnc ng ofi e e t . De ol c e t the ha arg t ber t ne t t Ra a n a i ntr ss pa a ont nds ha d i ht o eur d o he m da pa tc pa i ls de pie hi e le r f s lt s ri i ton i t s t s ari r e u a o how t the bel d on i . W he herhi ha onge t t s c e i i c r cti de t bl a t c t ontnton s ore s ba a e, nd he our doesnotd i i her ecde t e.Theco tdoe de i , ur s c de howe r t tt dec son nott r i t t D e ol a t he r t e t d f om hi i talr f s lt ve , ha he i i o e ns a e pa a fer e r a e r s nii e u a o de onsr t t s nc r t ofhi r lgi be i fw a nots ua e y on t w r s de ofa we l m ta e he i e iy s e i ous le s q rl he ong i l- de i d lne.Thec tt e or fndst tofk i l f c wih t die e e s t ofcr um sa e fne i our her f e i ha t as a ed t he s r t e s ic t nc s pr e he e c d ha r a ona y be i ved i l wf t l ve D e ol of t Ra a n ls a t r es nt r oul ve e s bl le t a ul o ea pa a f he m da it fe he w a r m oved ba e on hi r f s lt de o t a e t s nc r t ofhi r i ousbe i f By se sd s e u a o m nsr t he i e iy s elgi le . m uc t s m e r as ng asi Par 1 1 t t co ttndst tt def ndan s a e e il d t h he a e oni n t 1 , hen, he ur i ha he e t r ntte o q aiidi ni a d wilg a t h i moinf rs mmayj d me t nDe oascam o u lfe mmu t n l r n t er to o u r u g n o pa l' li f y de i r t i f e e e t hi Fi s A m e e rght . lbe a e ndif r nc o s r t ndm nt i s D e ol c a m st tt de e nt 'c pa a l i ha he f nda s onduc vi a e hi C t ol t d s t t e h Am e Four e nt ndm e t ... n rghtt feefom dicrmi ton'be aus ohe r i ousgr aeno s j tt snc rt i or r s i nai ' c e t r elgi oups r t ubec o i eiy 1 Or narl ,ROSP r pondst i at grevanceswihi t ry days S e( .sM o . mm. . 1 di iy es o nm e i t n hit . e Pl' t Su J 11 E. F. 32. l t sc s ,hep ionga De ol aç tc ofCon i nc '( rua t o 6, C. No. ) n hi a e t rs ve pa a d ie No tnua e'pu s n t Opeai Pr c d e86 1 i o de t f t rive tgaet cli ( ylrAf. E. F. 1 - . r tng o e ur 6.) n r r o urhe n si t he am. Ta o f 9, C. No. 6 5) 1 4 tsig ( Co l 8 , C. No 1 - . Be a eDe o ah sf i dt p e dt erq ii etn . Am. mp . -9 E. F. 0 1) c us pa l a al o la h e ust e e f tis acs n uppor ofhi cli t c t ldimisi purua t 28U. C.j1 5() t s am,he our wil s s t s nt o S. 91 e . Se ton 1 ( ofTil 28ma t t ti pr ee ngsi mapau rs ihec t ci 915e) te ndaes ha n oc di nfor pe i,l our t s ldi m i st c e a a tm e i t cour de er i t t... he a ton ...f ist s a e a hal s s he as t ny i f he t t m nes ha t ci al o tt c ai on whi h r i m a be gr t d. I or rt s a e a cl i f a vi aton oft Eq lm c elef y an e ' n de o t t ' a m or ol i he ual Pr t c i Cl us a pl ntf m us de o t a e t he hasbee tea e dif r nty f om ot r o e ton a e, ai if t m nsr t hat n r td fee l r he s m ia l st t pa te a t tt di pa a e t e t e w asa pr i l ry iua ed r i s nd ha he s r t r a m nt oduc ofpum os f l t e' u dici nai M orion, F. a 654(ii CivofClbur v.Clbur Li ngCt.l , srmi ton. rs 239 3d t ctng t e ne e ne vi r. nc. 473U. 432, ( S. 440 1985).Onl oncet ss ngi ma s dac tpr ee t dee mi ) y hi howi s de houl our oc d o tr ne wh t r h d s a aete t n c nb j siidu d rterq iielv lo s r t y.I .I ehe t e ip rt r ame t a e u tfe n e h e u st e e f cui d n n a dto ,t saeacam u nwhihr l f yb g a td ( p an it mu talg fcs d iin Co tt li po t c ei ma e rn e , a litfl s le e a t e s fci ntt ove co e t pr um pton ofr s bl ne sa i t pr s polci s ' V e v v. uf i e o r m he es i ea ona e s ppled o i on i e .' ne W vc ,293F. 726,732( hCi. 2) he 3d 4t r 200 . Des t ha ng fl d nea l t o hundr d pa s ofdoc l e si t sa i D e ol ha pie vi ie ry w e ge tm nt n hi cton, pa a s f ie t s tsy t tbur n and i d ha s a c y a gue hi equa pr e i cai .Theo y a ld o a if ha de ndee s c r el r d s l otcton l m nl s uppor t c tc n di c r f De ol sd a m i hi s a e e t tC l ot rpr s r t he our a s e n or pa a' i s s t t m nt ha t o he i one s ' h w i hi t pa tci t i any ot r lgi obs r nc a e r qui e t by polc t pos es s ng o r i pa e n her e i ous e va e r e r d o iy o s s r l t r lgi m a e i s a ors w t m t pa tci t ' N otonl i t tas e ton e a ed e i ous t ral nd/ ho he o ri pa e.' y s ha s ri pt r co us r 1 i i f a l c r di e by Cha e 4, Pa t . o t V D O C Food Se vi e M a l nel o y,2 t s l ty ont a d d r V E. f he r c nua t tDe ol hi e fat c d t one ofhi flngs Thema ls cik a l r quie m io ha pa a ms l ta he o s ii . nua pe t ly e r s s n 1 T0Sat an adequa ecl m f r i , t pl di mus cont n çenough f st s a ea cl m 2 te t ai or elef he ea ngs t ai ç act o t t ai t r ift a i plusbl o isfc ' Bel lCor v. mbl 5 0 U. 5 4,5 ( 7)( i ton o el h t s a i e n t a e. lAt. p. Two y, 5 S. 4 70 200 ct i e ' a o te ) W hiet ec ur mu ta c pttecama tsf cu lalg tonsa tu , mi p.LLC v. t mitd . l h o t s c e h li n ' a t a le ai s r e He Gr . Ci v ofN. ,1 0 S. . 3 98 -87( 01 ) t st n ti Sn p ia et lga c lso .Th e d r Y. 3 Ct 98 , 6 2 0 ,hi e e s G a plc bl o e l oncu ins r a bae i r t soft elm ent ofacaus ofacton,s ecial he e s e i uppored by mer concl y sat ent ,do nots fce.' t e usor t em s ufi ' As c o t l a,l S. .1 ,1 49( 009 ( iainomitd) h r f v. qb l 29 Ct 937 9 2 ) ctto te . 1 5 ofi i l t i uiei o a ç oc t e de e'r ga di t snce iy ofal ofe r 'r i ous fc as o nq r nt nd d ae vi nc ' e r ng he i rt l l f nde s elgi beif whe t ya yf aprs srlgi de.( .sM o . les n he ppl or ion' ei ous it Pl' t Summ.J 33,E. F. 32. . C. No. ) The m a lf t rexpl i t tt Pa s r Ra a n,a N a i ofl l m M o h ofFasi nua urhe a ns ha he s ove , m da nd ton s a nt tng m e a e S va l bl onl t of e r w ho r quie s i r lgi di t ... nd ar f nus r ç ia e y o f nde s a e r pec al e i ous e s a e or ac ommodai t rsnceer ii pr tc . ( .sMot Summ. 36- E. F. 32. c tng hei i r elgous acies' P1' . ' J. 38, C. No. ) Thos polci s do notdem onsr t dipa a e te t en a i f tde ons r t t oppos t e ie t a e s r t r a m t nd n ac m t a e he ie. Eve t mos lbe alr adi ofDepaol sc n he t i r e ng a' ompli a o he flngsofer nohi ofs c fc ant nd t r ii f s nt pe ii , non- onc us y f c ua a l ga i i s c l or a t l le tons n uppo tofhi e lpr e ton cl i . A c r ngl t r s qua ot c i am co di y, he c t ldimist cam purua t 28U. C. 1 5()2)B) our wil s s he li s nt o S. j 91 e( ( . VI . F rt ra o sae t ec u t l e trs mmayj dg n a t De o asRLUI o he e s ns ttd,h o r wil ne u r u me t s o pa l ' PA a Fis Am e nd r t ndm e C l i s a w ildi m i sD e ol seq lpr e ton cl i . nt a m nd l s s pa a' ua ot c i am The cl r i di e t d t s nd a c oft s m e or ndum o ni a t a co pa ng ek s rce o e opy hi m a pi on nd he c m nyi or rt t pa tes de o he r i . ENT ER :Thi 3 h da ofM a c 201 s 0t y rh 2. UN I TED STA TES D I STRI J GE CT UD 1 6

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