-PMS Dooley v. Hartford Accident and Indemnity Company et al, No. 7:2011cv00149 - Document 44 (W.D. Va. 2012)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Samuel G. Wilson on 06/22/2012. (rkc)
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CLERK' OFFI U,.Dl r lRr S JE : sm n l AT ROANOG , VA RLED I THE UNI S N TED TATES DI TRI COURT S CT Fo R TH E w Esl' t D l t c' o F V I G I I El x sTl l r R N A R o A x o u olvlsl x o 1UN 2 2 2 1 22 J u c. t cL u w ouo zx s BY; r RO NN I STEVE D O O LEY , E Pl ntf , ai if Ci lActon N o.7: cvvi i 11- 00149 V. M EM O R AND U M O PI O N NI H AR TFO R D A C C I EN T AN D D I DEM N I C O M PA NY ,e al N TY / . D efe ndants . p By:Sa ue G .W is n m l lo U ni ed St es D itri Judge t at s ct Thsi a a to p ru n t tec u tsdv riyj rs ito b p an if Ro neSe e i s n cin u s a t o h o r' ie st u idcin y litf, n i tv Dool a i tdef nt Harf dAc i nta l mniyCo nyté- rf d' , e ki a ey, gans enda , tor cde nd nde t mpa çla tor ' s e ng l l d ca ao yj d me tt t i pes n l uo bi i s rn ep iywihHa t r af r shm e lrt r u g n ha h s ro a a tmo l n u a c ol e c t rf d fo d i o $ 00 0i u d rn u e mo o it o ea ei c n e to wihij re h rc ie i amoo 20 ,0 n n e is r d t rs c v r g n o n cin t n u is e e ev d n tr vehil a ci nti Feb ua y of2009 wih a d i rwho ha la lt lm isof$1 000. ce c de n r r t rve d ibiiy i t 00, l Ha todh sc u trli df rad ca ao yj d me t h tt l t l bit f ru d rn u e rf r a o n ecame o e lr tr u g n t a is i of i l y o n eis r d mi a i m o ors c r e i $1 000 pe pe s a c e nty, ha t r i no t rns e t it ove ag s 00, r r on nd, ons que l t t he e s mde i ur d m o ors c r gea l et Dooly f t ac i e . I 2003, t it ove a vaiabl o e or he c d nt n Dool a hi wiea id ey nd s f pple w ih Ha to d f ape s la t o l polc c ai ng pe s na la lt a uni ur d a t rf r or r ona u om bie i y ont ni r o l i biiy nd ns e nd unde i tr d m o ors lm isof$1 000pe pe s a $300, pe ac i nt Ha tor is rnsle t it i t 00, r ron nd 000 r c de . rf d sued 'Dooly fl hi orgi compl nti t Cicui Cour f t Count ofRoanoke on M ar h 1 e ied s i nal ai n he r t t or he y c , 2011 a Ha to dr mov d i p s n t 28U. C.j 1 41a d 1 46wih dv r i u idito , nd rf r e e t urua t o S. j 4 n 4 t ie st rs cin yj a s re u e 2 U. C. 1 s etd nd r 8 S. j 332.Dooly i ar ie to Vigi a a Ha tor i aCo e tc t e s esd n f r ni, nd rf d s nn ciu cor a i t tcl m sisprnci pl ofbusi si i Connectcut Def por ton ha ai t i pal ace nes s n i . endantW im e Da d l r vi Philps,J .i a r i ofV igi a'howe ,onl çr a s t i ,'not(nomi orf m al li r s esdent r ni , ver y teal nd ubsantal' t nal or pa tes'shoul beconsi ed f di siy pur es. ri s' d der or ver t pos Nava r Sa A s n v.Le 446 U . 458,460-61 r o v, s' e, S. ( 98 ( i tonomitd) Ph li ha l c n r o ,mpa to orsa i t sc tov ry, Li ol 1 0) ct i a te . il s ç o tol f i c n, tke n hi on r e s ' nc n ps no ' Pr p. v. he 5 U. 81 9 ( 05 (iainomitd)t ushsctz n hi i no c sdee f r o Co. Roc , 46 S. , 2 20 ) ctto te , h i iie s p s t on i rd o p umos so deemii di riy o ctz ns i un rj 1 2a rmo l e j 1 a 1 46 e f tr nng ve st f iie hp de 33 nd e va und r j 441 nd 4 . Dooly doesnotass rtany cl m agai tPhilpsand doesnotr e e ai ns li eques r i fom hi .See.e. ,Ll v. t elef r m g. ovd TrveesPr p. s l . , 9 F.S pp. d 81 , 1 ( D. .201 )(i i at rf a o d fnd n t a lr o Ca .ns Co.69 u 2 2 8 6 E. Va 0 fndng o te s r ee a t o be anom i pary i an underns ed mot itcas bec epr der ofunderns ed mot itlabiiy nal t n i ur ors e aus ovi s i ur ors i lt c v r g aes r gae t t rgh soft i u e a ans t pes nc usn t eij y u e Vigni o e a e r ub o t d o he i t he ns r d g i t he ro a ig h nur nd r r i a lw) a . t polc wih t r quese lmisand r ne d i fvetm e .Duet ac he iy t he e t d i t e we t i i s o omputrpr a i e ogr mm ng e r ,t de l r tonspage f t ffh r newal t 2008-2009 polcy pe i whe t r or he c a a i or he i t e - he i r od n he a i ntoc ur ed s cii t polc s la lt lm is b no isuni ur d a unde i u e cc de c r pe fed he i y' i biiy i t ut t t ns e nd rns r d m ot i tlm is Dool y,w ho ha tte lsed, ns e m ot ve c e ,now c a m st tHa tor s ors i t . e s lr e it i ur d or hi l s l i ha r f d' f iur t s c f uni ur d a unde i ur lm is f t tfh r ne a polc c e t d a a l e o pe iy ns e nd r ns ed i t or he i t e w l i y r a e n a bi uiy a t hi polc s c r ge lm is H e a gue t td t t r s tng a bi uiy,t m g t s o s i y' ove a i t . r s ha ue o he e uli m g t he Supr m e Cour ofV igi a' de s on i V ici a Fa m Bur u M ut ll tr nc Co. e t r ni s cii n r ni r ea ua nsza e v. W iln , Va. ( lims 278 75 2009) pe t hi t sa kundei urdmot itc rgef ea hof , nnis m o tc rns e ors ovea or c t t eeve cl ,pr i $200, i und i ur nc c r ( he hr hi es oducng 000 n erns a e oveage $300, ttll st ohe 000 oa es he t r d ie ' $ 0 ,0 la ii l t.Th c u t ee t ta ag me tb c u etec u ti ds h t rv rs 1 00 0 ib ly i ) e o r rj cs h t r u n e a s h o r tn t a, t mi hee Vigi aCodej38. 22064 , c pr de t tapolc suni trda undei urd r, r ni 2A) whih ovi s ha iy' nsze nd rns e moo iti t e ua ta p lc sla i t lmisu ls e pl i yrj ce b t eis rd t rs lmis q lh t o iy' ibl y i t ne s x i t ee td y h n u e , i cl pr ry s i s i dve t nty om it unde i ur m o ors lm is I t ti pora r s t ope l upple na r e l ted r ns ed t it i t . n ha m tnt e pec , t case bef e t courti quie unlke W ilam s,w hi i ved an i er i he or he s t i li ch nvol nt nal ncons sency it co lc i lm is ofla lt on t de a a i pa nf i tng i t i biiy he cl r tons ge t tc d no be ha ha oul t nnoni d by r s r i ze e o tng t V igi a suni ur m ot r s s a ut ,whi h or na iy ti a m uc a pa toft polc a i o r ni ' ns ed o it t t e c di rl ts s h r he i y s f i r rtdt en. Brvv.ns Co.ofPe , 7F. 1 1 ( hCi.1 (uotngStt ncopoae heri ' a I . ' nn.91 2d 30, 32 4t r 990) q i ae Fam M u.Aut l . v.Dunc n,203Va. 443( 962) Ac di y,hec t l r t o. ns Co. a 440, 1 ). cor ngl t our wil e ers nt ummayj r udgme de l i t tundei urdmot itco a i nota lbl t nt carng ha rns e ors verge s vaia e o Dool y f t ac i ntunde hi polc w ih H a tor e or he c de r s i y t r f d. I O c obe of2003, ool y a hi w ie o ai d a pe s la t o l i u a e polc n t r D e nd s f bt ne r ona u om bie ns r nc iy fom Ha tor wih la lt a uni ur d a unde i ur d m o ors lmisof$1 000pe r rf d t ibiiy nd ns e nd rns e t it i t 00, r pe s a $300, pe ac i nt TheDo e r newe t i polc efec i Nove r1 r on nd 000 r c de . olys e d her iy, f tve mbe , 2 2004 t o h N ove be 1 2005, ih t s e polc lm is a a hr ug m r , w t he am i y i t nd dded a t r vehi e. The hi d cl Dool ysr ne ed t i polc f e c s ce di polc pe i t oug 2008 e e w he r i y or a h uc e ng i y rod hr h -2009.2 The de l r to pag f rt i ta polc a ea h s c e ng r ne a ,e e t 2008 c a a i ns e o he nii l i y nd c uc e di e w l xc pt he -2009 r w a ,c i d t s iy la lt a u ns e a unde i ur d m ot r s lm isof ene l ontnue o pec f i biiy nd ni ur d nd r ns e o it i t $1 000 pe pe s a $300, pe a i nt Howe r whiet de a a i pa f t 00, r r on nd 000 r ccde . ve , l he clr tons ge or he polc r ne alpe i ef e tve N ove be 1 2008 t o N ove be 1 2009 s ii d t e iy e w rod f c i m r , hr ugh m r , pec te hos lm is f r la lt c r ge i di no s c f uni ur d a unde i ur m ot itlm is N or i t o i biiy ove a , t d t pe iy ns e nd rns ed or s i t . w e e uni ur d orunde i ur d m ot itlm iss ii el e r i t 20 -20 polc r ns e r ns e ors i t pec fed s whe e n he 08 09 i y doc z e s The polc i l esa la lt lm is a is a ki pr s on, nd, i vi t ly lm nt . i y nc ud i biiy i t nt- t c ng ovi i a usng rua l i n i llng de tca a uage a uni ur d a unde i ur d mot rs lm isa isa ki pr sont t , n ns e nd rns e o it i t nt-t c ng ovii ha st es: at Th lmi o Bo i Ij r Libl ys o i teDe lrto sfre c pes nfr e i t f dl n u y a it h wn n h caain o a h ro o y i Uni ur M ot i t Cove a i ourm a m um lm i ofla lt f a 1da age , ns ed or s s r ge s xi i t i biiy or 1 m s icudn d ma e f rc r ,o so s r ie o d ah aii o to bo i ij r n l i g n g s o ae ls f evc s r e t , rsng u f dl nu y y s sane b a yo ep ro i a yo ea cd n .S be t oti lmi f re c u ti d y n n es n n n n c ie t u j c t h s i t o a h pes n,h lmi o Bo i lj r Lib ly s o i t De lr to sfre c ro t e i t f dl nu y a ii h wn n he ca ain o a h y t a c de f U ni ur d M ot i t Cove a i ourm a m um lm i ofla lt f c i nt or ns e or s s r ge s xi i t i biiy or al a g sf rb d l ij r r s tn fo a yo ea cd n . 1d ma e o o iy n u y eul g r m n n c i e t i Thi i t m os we wilpa r r es oft n be of s s he t l y ega dl s he um r : 1 l ur ds . ns e ; 2. Cl i sm a o am de; r 3. V e c esorpr m i s s hi l e um hown i t D e l r tons n he c a a i . ( o iy21 2 , No. 0 1 )(mp a i rmo e ) P lc - 2 ECF 3 - 0 e h ss e v d . O n Fe u y 25,2009,a ve c e d i n by W im e Da d Philps J .sr c D ool y br ar hi l r ve l r vi li , r t u k e whieDooly wasdrvi oneofhi t e Ha tor i ur d ve cls.Dooly s t i d s rous l e i ng s hr e rf d-ns e hi e e usane e i s nala ohe ij i ,or nghi t i trove $1 000i mediala r ae e ns s pi nd t r n ures f oi m o ncl r 00, n c nd eltd xpe e . Philps wasa nam ed i ur undera per li ns ed sonalaut obie i ance polcy i ued by om l nsur i ss 2Bef et 2005 or he -2006 polcy pe od, t Dool r i ri he eys emoved a vehi e fom a added anew cl r nd vehi et t polcy. cl o he i 3 Nai wieMut lI urnc Compa (f tonwi ' wihape pes la lt lmiof ton d ua ns a e ny l i de' t r ron ibiiy i t Na ) $ 0 ,0 .Do lyh sfldap ro a ij r s ia an tP l p i t eCic i Co r o t e 1 00 0 o e a ie e s n lnu y ut g is hii s n h r ut u t f h l Count ofRoa y noke,a Na i deha ofe e t pa isla lt lm i of$1 000. nd tonwi s f r d o y t i biiy i t 00, I s p o t fi mo inf rs mmayj d me th r, rfr s b te a atd vt r m n u p r o t to o u r u g n ee Ha t d u mi d n fi a ifo s o t BilPa t n, Ha tor e pl e w ih pe s lknow l dge oft D ool 'polc Pa t s a e l to a r f d m oye t r ona e he eys i y. ton t t s t ta co pu e pr a m i e r c us d t o i s o oft uni ur d a unde i ur ha m t r ogr m ng r or a e he m s i n he ns e nd rns ed m o o itlm is f om t de a a i pa a t tH a tor f ie t no i t tom i s on un i t r s i t r he cl r tons ge nd ha rf d a l d o tce ha si tl Doolyc e omme edt ss t ( tonAf. M ac 26,201 ECFNo. 9. Ac or ngt nc hi ui.Pat f2, rh 2, 30- ) c di o Pa t n, he Dool ysha notr ue t d a c nge t t i polc suni ur a unde i ur to t e d eq s e ny ha o he r i y' ns ed nd rns ed motrs lmis a i wasno Harf d' i e t efc a cha (d. Thepa te ha oit i t, nd t t tor s ntnt o fe t ny nge,l ) ris ve s it d a s i a i t tt r w e e no or lc m u c tonsbe w e n H a tor a t ubm te tpul ton ha he e r a om ni a i t e r f d nd he Dool ysr ar ng t 2008-2009 polc t r sa no m itn commt ia i ot rt nt e eg di he i y e m nd te m c tons he ha he dei r ofpolc doctme st t Doolys ( i ai ofUnco e t Fa t 1 ECFNo. lvey iy l nt o he e .Stpulton ntsed cs , 308. ) I1. l W ila , d ca ain p g s e iidd fr n u d rnsle moo it i t fr n l ms a e lrto s a e p cfe fe e t n ei t d t rs lmis o i r dif r ntve c e , e tng a a bi uiy t tt Supr m e Cour ofV i g ni f und i w a fe e hi l s cr a i n m g t ha he e t ri a o t s r r d t r ol a ns t i ur by s a ki unde i ur d c r ge lm is. A c or ng t equie o es ve gai t he ns er t c ng rns e ove a i t c di o Dool y, tf l w s ba e on W ila s t thi polc s f ilr t s c f an unde i ur d e i olo , s d li m , ha s i y' a lze o pe iy y rns e moo it i t, o to ice tsa a iut t a as mus b r s le a ans teis rrb t rs lmis af rir, r ae n mbg iy h t lo t e e ov d g i th n u e y s a ki Harf d r s t c ng. tor e ponds t tDool y' polc c t ue a a w hol cl ary a ha e s i y, ons r d s e, e l nd una bi us y ba s sac ng. The courtagr w ih H a f d. m guo l r t ki ees t rtor 3 3Su r ud nti a pr raewhe thepla igs t dic ve ya dico ur mae il mma yj gme s p op it n t e dn ,he s o r nd s ls e tras t on fl and any afi viss ie, tda t how t tt e i no genui is ast any m at i f tand t tt m ovant ha her s ne s ue o eral ac ha he 4 U nde t Vi gi a Code a i ur rm a n i s an a t o l labiiy i ur nc r he r ni , n ns e y ot s ue u om bie i lt ns a e polcy on a t hi e prnc pa l g a d orus d i t Com m onwea t ' e sûi c ai an i i cl i i ly ar ge ve e n he lh' unl s st ont ns e s m e orpr sonsu ra ng t pa t i ur d a1 s ndore nt ovi i nde tki o y he ns e 1 umst thei l gal e ild t ha s e ly ntte o rc asda gesfom t om wroropeaorofa uni urdmoorve ce'Va. e over ma r he rt n ns e t hil.' Codej38. 2- 2 0 ( .Unls t ei u e e p iil rq e t lwe c v rg ,dth s lmi s al q a b t 2 6 A) e s h ns r d x lcty e u ss o r o ea e t l o e i t h le u l u l s note e t lm isoft la lt i ur nc pr d by t polcy.' d. Tha i ,i t i u ed xce d he i t he i biiy ns a e ovi ed he i ' l t s f he ns r doe notr s ot rlm is uni ur d a un rns e mot itlmisd a tt t polc s s eque t he i t , ns e nd de i ur d ors i t ef ul o he iy' la lt lmis Byo rtonoflw, r ni Codej38. 2206' deaullmis(gr la muc a ibiiy i t. peai a Vigi a 2- s f t i t ça e s h pa t t polc a i i p ort t ri 'Brv,91 F. a 132( i Du a 203Va a r of he iy s f nco aed heen.' a 7 2d t quotng nc n, .t 443)4 . I ur nce polc esa e c r c sa i i e pr tng apolc t cour w ilde e m i ç he ns a i i r ont a t nd, n nt r e i i y, he t l t r ne s t pa te 'i t ntf om t w or t y ha us d i t doc e ,' i w oul f a ot ri s n e r he ds he ve e n he um nt' as t d or ny her c rc.W ila ,278Va a 80( ttonsomitd) t ovii ofa i urnc polc mus be onta t lims . t ciai te . t sons n ns a e iy t pr c i r d a consr d t t r a a it m alc lc sbewe n pr sonsm us be onsde e nd tue ogehe , nd ny n e onfit t e ovii t hamoni d,i ras bl pos i e,oefcuaet pates i e . I a 80 1(iai r ze f e ona y sbl t fe t t he ri 'ntnt' d. t -8 cttons ' omitd) Thus a isa ki lng mus bec i rdti t c e ofot polc te . , nt-tc ng a uage t onsdee ln he ontxt her iy l ngu 't de e m i w he he i i am bi a age' o t r ne t rts guous Hos e te v. u o- ne s l . ,744 F. . t tl r A t ow r ns Co. i e tte t j dg n a amatroflw. Fe R. v P. 6()2) û h n cos- i sf rs mmay s n ild o u me t s te a ' d. Ci. 5 c ( . û e r smoton o u l ' W jdg ntaeb fr ac r,hec u t x mi se c moi sp rtl 'Demon v. u me r eoe outt o r e a ne ah ton e aaey. s d PNGICh re ' als To Ga ng LLC,6 F.d 351 35 ( t Ci. 01 ) Ea hpa t be r t eb de ofi o migt wn mi e 30 3 , 4 4h r 2 1. c ry a s h ur n nfr n he cour oft basi f ism oton,and i iyi t e parsoft r d whih demonsr t t abs t he s or t i dentf ng hos t he ecor c tae he ence o age neis ofmaeilfc . ltx Co p. Cart, 77U. 31 3 ( 9 6) l r viwi a f nui sue tra a t Ceo e r v. tet4 S. 7, 23 1 8 . n e e ng s mma yj g n moi un rRul 5 ,tec u tt s d a al u tfa ei ee c si f v ofte u r ud me t ton de e 6 h o r ç t rw lj siibl nf rn e n a or h mu n movngp ry. Uni Sttsv. r lnaTrnso me Co.97 F.d 8 ,8 ( h Ci.1 2)( ii on i a t ' t ae Ca oi a f r r , 8 2 32 35 4t r 99 ctng ' ed Andes v Li rvLob l , 7U. 2 , (98 ) ron . be t by.nc.47 S. 42 255 1 6). 4The sat econtol i t ways fis, i s fi m i mum lm isf uni ur a t ut r s n wo : r t t peci es ni i t or ns ed nd und rns r dmoo itco r g ,Va Codej462 4 , n s c nd,nt a e c o lmisorc inc e i u e trs vea e . .- 72. d e o i he bs n e f i t ompl e a a w ih uni ur d mot it cover lmiss e i pr t ns e orss age i t elcton ocedur underns e a uni ur polcy lm is es, i ur d nd ns ed i i t wild fult t ep iy' la lt lmis j382- 06A) l ea t o h olc s ibiiy i t, . 22 ( . Supp. 5 5 ( D. 2010) Ast c twilc tuea guouslng gea i tt 2d 43, 46 E. Va. . he our l onsr mbi a ua gans he dr f e ,t ny n bi t r ar ng t s a ki ofc r e wihi a polcy w ilbe c tue a tr t a m guiy eg di he t c ng ove ag t n i l ons r d agans a i urr'W ila ,278Va.a 81(iai omitd) Consque l Vigni c t i t n ns e . lims ' t cttons te . e nty, r i a ours ha e t bls t tpe s laut obie polc lm iss a k unl st polcy c e ry a ve s a ihed ha r ona om l i y i t t c es he i l a l nd unambi l bassa ki I (ii Go leM u . s Co.v.Boror 221Va.967, guousy r tc ng. d. ctng odvil t Ca . r, 970 ( 981) 1 ). Thea isa ng l ngua i t Doolys po iy i notma e i l dif e fom a i nt- tcki a ge n he e ' lc s t raly fer nt r ntsac ng lnguag f t ki a e ound e f tvebyt Supr meCour ofVigi a Se Goodvil 221Va a feci he e t r ni . e le, .t 970(t ec l t tt lnguag ofGoodvil spoiy,vi ,(re r e soft ntmbe . . 6 oncude ha he a W e le' lc z. glgadls he l r . ofmot rve c e t whi h t si ur ea is'i ce ra unambi uo a r r st o hil s o c hi ns anc pple , s la nd g us nd equie he c tucint tsa ki i no pe si e. Consquenl Doolydoesnotba ehi onsr to ha tc ng s t nnisbl ' ). e ty, e s s a gtm e on t l ngua oft a is a ng pr s o is l . Ra he ,he bas hi a pl e on r l nt he a ge he nt- t cki ovi i n t e f t r es s r m nt t f ctt tt unde i tr d m o or s a is a ki pr son r e st r de t underns e he a ha he rns le t i t nt- t c ng ovi i ef r he ea r o i ur d m ot r s lm is s ii d i t de l r tonspa ,a t de a a i pa i dve t nty o it d o i t i t pec t e n he c a a i ge nd he cl r tons ge na r e l m te t unde i ur d m ot i tlm is Tha a gum e , w e r f ist a ountf t f c t ti he rns e or s i t . t r nt ho ve , a l o cc or he a t ha n a o it crumsa esVigi aCodej38. 220 A)s ismisngunde i urdmoo it pprprae ic tnc r ni 2- 6( upple si rns e trs lm isbyoper ton oflw,s ti t m t e t polc sla lt lm is he e,$1 000 pe i t ai a etng he o qual he iy' ibiiy i t r 00, r pe s n a $3 000 pe a ci nt Thesaut iy i e lmisa easmuch apa toft polcy r o nd 00, r c de . t t orl mpos d i t r r he i a i t ybe nprnt ont decaainspa Se Brv, 7F. a 1 2 ( tngDunc n,203 s f he e i ed he lr to ge. e a 91 2d t 3 quoi a Va. t4 )( di t tVigi aCodej38. 2206i asmuchat r oft polc a i a 43 hol ng ha r ni 2s û t he iy s f pa i r ae t r i '.Tha i,t saut ylng gec tol a t t c r gepr ded ncoportd he en') t s he tt or a ua onr s s o he ove a ovi w he e t polc t r sa e s m pl m i s ng.Se Br ntv.St e Fa m M ut Aut l . ,205 r he i y e m r i y s i e va at r . o. ns Co. Va 897,899( ) Dunca 203Va a 443. . 1965 ; n, .t 6 Dooly r le o W iln , hemos r e c edecde byt Supr m eCour of e ei s n li ms t t ec nt as i d he e t V igi a o t s a ki oft de i ur m o ors lm is W ila s howe r i i post r ni n he t c ng m r ns ed t it i t . li m , ve , s nap ie be us W iln si ve c lc i unde i ur d m ot r s lm is The pl i ifi W ila s ca e li m nvol d onfi tng r ns e o it i t . a ntf n li m w a i ve i a a ci ntwhie r di a a pa s nge i a ve cl 278 V a.a 78. Thepl i if s nvol d n n c de l i ng s se r n hi e. t a ntf w a co e a a i ur oft f r tc as underhe f t r spe s la om obie i u a s ver d s n ns ed he i s l s r a he ' r ona ut l ns r nce polcyt tc r dt eeve ce ( ofwhihweei ve i t a i nt.d.Thepolc i ha ove e hr hils none c r nvol d n he ccde ) 1 iy i l d a i s a ki l ngua s m ia t t l ngua a i s i t s c s ,a t de l r tons nc ude nt- t c ng a ge i l r o he a ge t s ue n hi a e nd he c a a i pa lse unde i tr d mot itlm isof$250,00 pe pe s f oneoft ve clsa ge it d rnsze ors i t 0 r r on or he hi e nd $300, pe per o f ea h oft ot t l a 78 000 r s n or c he her wo. d. t -79.Thepli tf s a n if oughta de l ai n car to t ts w a e il d t s ac unde i ur d m ot r s lm is u rt polc f ea h ve c e ha he s ntte o t k rns e o i t i t nde he i y or c hi l , pr duci $850, i c a L=a 79.TheSuprmeCour ofVigi ac l dt t e n o ng 000 n overge.d.t e t r ni oncude ha, ve a i tt ba kdr ofa i s a ki polc l ngua t de l r tonspa ss c fc ton of ga ns he c op nt - t c ng i y a ge, he c a a i ge' pe i i a i dif r ntundernsz e m ot i tlm isl f d m r ol d t ques i w he hera lt e s pa a e fe e i tr d ors i t e t t es ve he t ton t l hr e e r t lmisfre c pe s gppled)a i notwhihoft sngl s paaelmisfre c pes n i t o a h ron a i nd,f , c he i e e rt i t o a h ro g )a ia e'I a 83.Thec tc tt dt ta g t i f voroft i ur dby was pplc bl.'d. t our onsrl ha mbiuiy n a e he ns e a l i t u rns le m o or s lm i ls e f rea h oft t ee ve c est be s a ked, low ng he nde i tr d t i t i t i t d o c he hr hi l o tc r uli i unde i ur d mot itc aget ai $850, l a 8 Cons que l t c e es tng n rns e ors over ot lng 000. d. t 3. e nty, he as trta f r mos i ve c lc i de l r to pa lm is a unus lf tnotpr s n he e. i s nd o e t nvol s onfitng c a a in ge i t, n ua ac eet r W ila s doe not and di notpu por t c nge V igi a l w . Ot rc t t tha li m s , d r t o, ha r ni a he our s ha ve a id W ila ha i iil ore iil r cog ze t tW ilmnssm pl i ve apolc pple li ms ve mplcty xplcty e ni d ha li i y nvol d i, y t ts cii dif r ntunde i ur d m o ors lm ison t de a a i pag l e no c t ha pe fed f e e rns e t it i t he cl r tons e. nde d, our appl ng Vigi a 1 has conf ont sm iarf soreven alow ed s acki ofuni led or yi r ni aw r ed i l act l t ng nstr unde i ur d m o or s lm iss nc W ila sw a de i .5 The dif r dec a a i pa lm is r ns e t i t i t i e li m s c ded f e ent l r tons ge i t i W iln sc ea e a i e na i ons s e y t tco d notbe ha m o z b l ng t t n li m r t d n nt r l nc i t nc ha ul r ni ed y ooki o he V igi a Cod l t tr pe t t sca e i s g tca ty dif r ntt n W ilmns The D ool ys r ni e. n ha es c , hi s s i nii n l f e e ha li . e ' polc c ansno s h i er li onsse y.l doesnots c f c lci o dif rng lm is iy ont i uc nt na nc it nc t pe iy onfi tng r fe i i t . 5w es eerv. Ga rs n Pr & Ca uat I . .No. 1 c 55 2 2W L 2 97 , t* ( D. w rio op, s ly ns Co, 2: l v2 , 01 5 00 a 5 E. Va. a 27 2 2)( di t tnoa iuiye ssi tepoiy b c us t r i ace ra t-tc i J n. , 01 hol ng ha mbg t xit n h lc e a e hee s la nisa kng pr iina c nsse tl t ofla lt f rk a hp ro 'i t d caai nspa e ;Dr a M g . ovso nd o itn i s ibiiy o d c e s n' n he e lr to g l ag s mt mi e Co p. Ha ov rl . ,7 F. pp. d. 6, 6( D. . 1 Ct-l r i noitr a r v. n e ns Co. 98 Su 2 76 77 E. Va 201 ) l hee s ne n l f i nconssency i t polcy t twoul lad t cour t consr t excl i i f ofcover asi it n he i ha d e he to tue he uson n avor age n W ila .l Alsael s Co. M c rt , 011 c 78 2 1W L 24 6 a * ( D. . u e l , lims' ; ltt n . v. Elah No. :0 v 8, 0l ' 578 9, t 3 E. Va J n 5 2011 (d ie tc llmiso Ia ii s tf t f e c ve cei b hp iisditng s t sc s ) % d n ia i t f ib ly e orh or a h hil n 0t ol e si uih hi a e The t c fo . . i1a .) Trg v, a lr Co r ill . .75 F. pp. d 7 ,7 -5 ( . Va r m . W lims' , io Trvees mmeca ns Co, 5 Su 2 49 56 7 W D. . '' 201 )Ct- r ,her f rnc t t ed ca ai pa ece tsn a g t be a etede a ainsp g 0 lee t e ee e o h e lrtons g r ae o mbiuiy c us h clrto a e l ce ry sae asngl tac pe s n'Imi o Ia ii ' ; ttlr 7 F. pp. d a 5 ( l ngt t la l tt s i e e h ro i t f iblt ' Hosete, 44 Su 2 t 48 hodi ha y.l unambi guousa isacki l nt- t ng anguage r ti ed cove aget t ûeac per on' Im i s a e i t esrct r o he t h s ' i t t t d n he de aainsp g l Lly 7 F. pp. a 4 ,4 ( l ngt tt pol y' cea a dun mbiuo clrto a e ; o d, 27 Su 2d t 59 61 hodi ha he i s l r n a g us c ant-t ng l isacki angua w asnota bi ge m guousi isa i i bec e undernsur mot itcover was n t pplcaton aus i ed or s age tes mef rea hve cll Ca rv. i l s Exc , CL1 - 3 si o a 5( . r J e9 2011 h a o c hi e ; mpe Ere n . h.No. 0 1 3, lp p. t Va Ci. un , ) ( dngt a lsi s paaep e u i ted ca ainsp gedo sn ce t a g t o a t rz holi h t itng e rt r mims n h e lr to a e ot rae mbiuiy r uho ie sa kig ;Br a tv.S e tv I . o t eSo t at 8 Va Ci.1 ,1 9 0 ( 1 ( l ngt t tc n l y n elcie ns Co. f h uhe s, 2 . r 88 9 -20 201 ) hodi ha ant- t ng pr si wihoutcove agelm isi notambi isacki ovi on t r i t s guousbecaus t de a atonspage<cl l e he clr i t eary sae asn eça hp ron'lmiofla l f'; ev l v. ton deM u . n . , CL1 - 6 tts igl e c e s i t ibii l M lil Na i wi t e t l s Co.No. 0221 , si o a 2 ( . r De .1 ,2 0 ( oli t tsa kngwa pr hi tdwhe tepoiyha ce ra d l p. t Va Ci. c 0 01 ) h dng ha tc i s o bie p n h lc s la n u mbiuo a isa ki ln g a asngepol ylmif re c ve ce;Gr rv. us Mutl s na g us nt-tc ng a gua e nd i l i i t o a h hill ee Aug t . n . c Co.No. 0-48 ,si op. t2( . r Oc . 2 0 ( l n t tplcn pe pes nuni u e a d , CL1 4 0 lp a Va Ci. t29, 01 ) hodig ha a ig r ro ns r d n underns ed mot itcover ge lm isi t declr i page doesnotm ake a cl rand una bi i ur ors a i t n he a atons ea m guous a t-tc ngp o so a gu s ; o sv. rM t No CL1 - 9, lpo a 6 ( Ci. t 21 201 ) n isa ki r viin mbi ou l Clu Cutih , . 0 3 si p. t Va. r Oc. , 0 (i i ta asae n ofdll si t mos wewil yr gadls o t en fndng h t t tme t Gthi s he t lpa e r e s f h umbe of. .' lal a r . 'ce ry nd u mbiuo l p ohi tdsa kig ) Colirv. i l . c , CL1 8 ,si op. t2( . r Se t na g usy r bie tc n ; le Ere ns Ex h.No. 0- 6 l p a Va Ci. p . 27 201 )(e u i t alw sa kngb c us t poiyh d i nia t rpe s n'un rns e moo it , 0 r f sng o lo t c i e a e he lc a de tc lt pe ro ' de i urd trs c v rg lmisf e c v hil a da isakiglng a et tce ryrfr t b l ij r a d o ea e i t or a h e ce n nt-tc n a u g ha lal ees o odi nuy n y p o ryda g l Fe rl v. ton deM u .ns Co.No. 0- 0 ,si o a 1( . r S p .l , r pe t ma e ; re l Nai wi t l . , CL1 1 92 lp p. t Va Ci. e t 3 2 0)( rntngi u a c c mpa y' mo inf rs mma yj dg ntb c us t ep iy wa 01 g a i ns r n e o n s to o u r u me e a e h olc s u mbi ou a ce rypr hi td sa kngo u ei u e mo o itlmis;Da sv. to d Mu . na gu s nd la l o bie tc i f nd rns r d t rs i tl vi Nainwie t l . , CL1 - 55 si o a 4( . r Aug. 1 2 0 ( r btngsa kigbe a ea t-t c n ns Co.No. 0 5 , lp p. t Va Ci. 3 , 01 ) pohiii tc n c us nisa kig l anguage wascl and unambi ear guousand t ewer consit ntval ofunderns ed m ot itlm ison her e se ues i ur ors i t t ed ca ai spa e ; o ev. v , CL09 8 3, lpo a 1( . r J ne25, 01 ( oli t t h e lrton g l J yc Ha es No. - 3 si p. t Va Ci. u 2 0) h dng ha r e rng t r ef r i he eadert a decl atonspage wih conssentuni ur mot itlm isf t ch per ' o ar i t it ns ed ors i t or l ea son' do sno ce t a g t ;Patro v. ton d Ge ls Co.No. 2,9- 05, lpo a 1 ( e t rae mbiui yl te s n Nai wie n. n . , (10 28 si p. t -2 Va. Ci. r 26 2 0)( ol ngt trf rigpolc h de t ad caainspa eu i t tnn ç a h r Ap . , 01 h di ha e ern iy ol r o e lrto g sng he e ç c e per on'doesnotcr t am bi t when t e ar conssentcover lm isand t polcy l s ' ea e guiy her e it age i t he i anguage pr bii sa kngi ce ra d u mbiuo l S lma v. n h v, C109 1 66 si op. t8 ohi tng tc i s la n na g us; az n Ka c e No. , - 5 , lp a -9 ( . rFe 4, 0 ( dngt tr fri t r a rt ade lrto pa ed sno c e t a Va Ci. b. 201 ) holi ha ee rng he e de o caa ins g oe t r ae n am bi t and t usng t t m ç cl' on t declr tonspage t r e t cover a om obiesdoes guiy hat i he er t vehi e' he aai o ef r o ed ut l no lmia t-tc n lng g t ve il c e a e . t i t n isa kig a ua e o hce ov r g ) 8 Ra he ,t polc c ansa ce a isa ki pr son, nd t de a ato pag t r he iy ont i lar nt-t c ng ovii a he clr i ns e i dve tnty omisuni ur d and u erns r d lm isat et r Unde t c r um sa e , na re l t ns e nd i u e i t log he . r he ic tnc s Vigi aCodej38. 220 A)pr rys ist polc si r ni 2- 64 opel upple he iy' nadvetnty o te lmis a re l mitd i t, nd Ha tor i e ildt s rf d s ntte o umma yj r udgme . nt6 111 . Fo ter a o sae t ec u t le trs mmayj d me td cai gta Do lyi r h e s ns ttd,h o r wil n e u r u g n e lrn h t o e s note il d t r c r f om H a tor unde hi unde i ur d m o ors c r ge f rhi ac i nt 7 ntte o e ove r rf d r s r ns e t it ove a o s c de . ..*' . . Ent June 22,2012. er: UN I TED STA TES D I STRI JU DG E CT 6Vigi aCod j38. 22 4 s t dea tun rns rd mo o itlmist ç qu l tno e c e r ni e 2- 06 A) es ful dei u e t rs i t o G a bu t x e d e telmiso t la lt i urnc pr vie b t ep iy'i n te pr s l rj ce b t ei u e l a h i t f he ibiiy ns a e o d d y h ol 'f o x e sy ee td y h ns r d. f c f l et ls unde ns ed m ot itIm isi apolcy by is fr r d sacki t amulivehi e aiur o it ri ur ors i t n i tel equie t ng, hen t- cl aut omobie la lt polc t f l t i udeany pr si f underns ed mot itcover ge l ibiiy iy hat aied o ncl ovi on or i ur ors a whatoeverwoul by oper ton ofl pr de c a t twoul notequalt labiiy lm is but s d, ai aw, ovi over ge ha d he i lt i t , r herwoul equalt labiiy lm ismuli i by t num berofi ur vehi es l t s at d he i lt i t tpled he ns ed cl . n hat cenaro, i s tngt underns ed mot itIm ist equalt la lt lm iswoul al ysr ul,afe sacki i eti he i ur ors i t o he ibiiy i t d wa es t tr t ng, n a t a u de i urdc e a elmista e c e etela iiy l t, r s ta od wih j38.- 0 A) cu l n rns e ov r g i t h t x e d h ib l i s a e ul t ds t t mi 2 22 6( . 1H arf d alo r tor s equessr or i oft contac . Ast courtfndst s a ng of t ef maton he r t he i hat t cki underns ed mot itlm isi bar e by t polcy aswrten,t cour need notr ch t is of i ur ors i t s r d he i it he t ea he s ue r f m a i and doesnotdo s e or ton o.
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