Moon et al v. BWX Technologies, Inc. et al, No. 6:2009cv00064 - Document 63 (W.D. Va. 2011)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Norman K. Moon on July 7, 2011. (jcf)
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GLERK' OFFI U..DI COURT S CE S ST. .. .w ATL YNCHBURQ V A ' ' ' ' ... I THE UNI N TED STATES DI STRI COURT CT FoR THE W ESTERN D I STRI OF V I NI CT RGI A LYNCHBURG DI SI VI ON JUDY L. OON,i vi l a asexecut M ndi dualy, nd or oft es at ofLesle W .M oon he t e i Plit an f FIED L J 2?2 1 UL 21 J A C. DLE LKRK D Y, B ; .. +. # vx . ( , cu sax CI L A CTI N O.6: CVVI ON 09- 00064 M EMORANDUM OPI ON NI JUDGE N ORM AN K .M OON BW X TECINOLOGI l ,etaI I ES, NC. . Deen s f dant. Thi m ateri bef e t cour upon consder i ofD ef s t s or he t i aton endant m oton t dim is s' i o s s pus ntt Rul 1 b)6)(oc tno.53 .Plitf1s e st rc rf Dee ns fiur t rua o e 2( ( d ke ) anif e k o e ove or fnda t' al e o pay lf i ur ie ns ance beneft undera pl t s alegeswas ors d have been isued t her is an hat he l , houl s o l t hus nd. Def nd t as e t h tt r le s ugh i nota ia e u rt Em pl e a e ba e an s s r t a he e i f o t s va l bl nde he oye Reie n I meSe urt Ac (d SA',29U. C.j1 01e s q,a ta t c an trme t nco c iy t ( ER1 ' ) S. 0 t e nd h t he omplit mus t ef e be di i ed. Fort r t her or sm ss he easonst f l ,lw ilgr t m ot on. hat olow l ant he i Plitf J L. o i t wi a exe uorofLe leMoonCd . anif udy M on s he dow nd c t si Mr Moon', one 'a ) tm e e oye ofde e n sBa oc & W ic Compa a Bab c & W ic Powe i mpl e f nda t bc k l ox ny, nd co k l ox r G e aton G r ner i oup,I ,pr nc. edecess compani t def or es o endantBW X Technol es l . ( ogi , nc (t BWX', ' ) as bsdir ofdee an Mc r tl er to lI .(ç Demo1'.Be n ngi Ma o u i ay fnd t Demot nt naina,nc ç Mc r t' ) gini n y r J 200 M r M oo be a e u e t pe f m r gul rf ltm e w or f BW X . A spar ofa une 6, . n c m nabl o r or e a ul-i k or t n e s i benef pac xitng ks kage,he r ved s t m diabiiy beneft t ough t car i s ect ecei hort er s lt is hr he rer el ed 1 anipsbre us st pl a tpl ntfs'or e t J L. M oon,i vi ly,an a e ut ofherlt Plitf if e he url ' ai if't efr o udy ndi dual d s xec or ae hus and' esa e.Howeve ,Iw ilr e t he a R ai if' hr ghout b s tt r l ef r o r s pl ntf t ou . by Def endant f a perod ofsi m ont untll e Novem ber 2005. A sa res tofhi f lng s, or i x hs, i at , ul s aii healh,M r M oon w as unabl t r t . e o esum ew or asofD ecem ber5,2005. k On aboutJanuar l 2006,BW X m aied M r M oon an aleged of ert pr de cert n y 3, l . l f o ovi ai ongoi beneft i exchange f s fi paym ent The ofer,s yl dYour2006 M cD er t ng is n or peci ed s. f t ed d mot Co imai Sttme '(û imai Sttmen c ime hi tsl tdbe fto ins nfr ton ae nt'tconfr ton ae f), onfr d s ieece nei pto e f c i 0102/ fe tve / 2006 t r h ough 1 31 200 ' l f t erc a ne a t e,ls i t E a Type ' 2/ / 6. t urh ont i d abl i tng he ç n ' pl , ' t an Na es tcove a Le l' a ( nnua Em pl ee Cos ,' ra ni t c rai be ft . ç pl m 'd ' r ge ve , nd W ' l oy t'pe t i ng o e t n ne is 2 I r evantpal,i i cat t M r.M oon had s ect tEm pl n el ' t ndi ed hat t el ed t oyee Lie I ance' ata f nsur ' c ve ag Ivel $200, an ana le o ec to $80 00. l as s o r e e of 000, d nnua mplye os f 4. t lo howe t tt d ha he taa ot l nnua c tofbe ft ,i l ng l ng-e m dia lt vi i a pe s nala c de l os ne is nc udi o t r s biiy, s on, nd r o c i nt i ur nc ,wa $3269.6. ns a e s , 7 Pl ntf a r t tM r M oon a c pt d t a l ge of e by m a ng pr i pa e st ai if ve s ha . c e e he le d f r ki em um ym nt o BW X a orM c e m o t l 2006, r M oon a d t Pl i ifm a s ve s h pay e si t e nd/ D r t. n M . n he a ntf de e n uc m nt n h t aa otl moun o $2,73. r pr e i t pr ae a alc tofbe eft f rt ye rt t t f 9 36, e es ntng he or td nnu os n is o he a o he da e M r.M oon di on N ovem ber 18,2006. l a l t encl i a fnalpaym ent Pl ntf t ed n eter osng i , ai if i ca e t ts i t nde t c rt ba a e d f M r M o sbe is l i a l e t t ndi t d ha he n e d o ove he l nc ue or . on' neft . t s leg d ha Dee ansa c pt a1pa nt,i ldi t fna pa ntwihou obe to a wihou fnd t c e ed 1 yme s ncu ng he i l yme , t t j cin nd t t a vi i Pl i ift tlf i u a e be ft w e e una l bl d sng a ntf ha ie ns r nc ne is r vaia e. A tal r evanttm es Def l el i , endant had adopt a El sA - ii lf i s ed n tl qualfed ie nsura pl nce an a nitr t oughM eLief rgulrf ltmeBW X e oye (het tvf Pln'. dmi seed hr t f or e a,ul-i mpl es t i lie a ' Me ) However, her i no diput t taferN ovem ber30,2005,M r M oon w asno l t es s e ha t . ongerelgi et i bl o 3 Ge r ly, i e l tng am oton t di mi s t co tma notc i e rnsc e de e wihoutc ve tng t e ne a l n va ua i i o s s , he ur y onsder xti i vi nc t on ri h moint amoinfrs mmayj d me t S eWih h v F d r Is Cb.14F. px3 5 *3 697(t Ci. t o t o u r u g n. e t o n . e ealn . , 6 Ap ' 9 , 9 - 4h r o o t 2 0 )(n u l h do iin.No eh ls, c u t yc n ie e ta e u maeilta aeRne rloa d 0 6 u p bi e pno ) n teesa o rma o sdr xrn o s tras h t r itga t n s e i il r id o i t c p ai ' Phil v L n ' I c,l 0 F 3 6 9 61 ( t Ci. 9 9 .Th r i n xplc ty ele n n he om l nt' li ps cll tl n . 9 .d 0 , 8 4 h r 1 9 ) ee s o , . diput t tt Co imai Stt ntf l wihi t tr e. s e ha he nfr ton aeme als t n ha ul pa tc pa e i t M e tie Pl n,snc he wasno l ra a tve e pl e. Pl i ift s ht ri i t n he t af a i e onge n c i m oye a ntf hus oug tr o ecoverundert aleged agr entevi he l eem denced by t Confr aton St em ent How ever he im i at . , when Pl ntf atem pt t colec beneft f om D ef ai if t ed o l t is r endant ,D ef s endant deni hercl m . s ed ai Pl ntf t fl t scas i s a e court alegi whats t m ed igar varet 'sat ai if hen ied hi e n t t , l ng he er s den i y' t e l cl m sf br aw ai or each ofcontact quasicontact esoppel and br r , - r , t , each offduci y dut i ar y. Dee nst nrmove t c s t t sc r purua t 28U. C.j1 ,as ri fnda t he e d he ae o hi ou t s nto S. 441 setng prempto und rERI j5 29U. C.j11 Ide e Pli ifsmoi t rma e in e SA 02, S. 32. nid antf ton o e nd, tnd ng t tPl i tf sa t m p t r c runde t Sa l ge y i pe n be ft ag t m e t s i ha a n if te t o e ove r he d le dl nde nde t ne is r e n ( s i s t cea atmptt rc ru r'heEll govene pl Moo v BWX wal n ubsan n te o e ove nde't tsA- r d an. n . Te hnoo e , n , F. z 8 8 ( . Va, 0) c lgis I c.742 supp.d 27, 36 W D. 201 . l I. Whe saelw cai f l t nERI Sci le f c me pr son,j5 t yma n tt a l ms alwihi SA' vi nore nt ovii 02,he y b r m ove t f de al ur wher t e a e t onv t d i t f de a c a m s . . D a c gel v. ee d o e r co q e h y r t ere n o e r l l i . . ' r an o c ' V rz nCommc's I .292F. 1 ,1 ( hCi. 2) Bu asaelw cai wil e io n , ncs 3d 81 87 4t r200 . t tt a l m lnot s vi a m oton t dim i by m er vi ue ofisr oval See 292 F.3d at 1 Rat ,Kt t ur ve i o s ss e rt t em . 95. her o he e e t ts e-a cl msse rme est tflousdet s opeofj502( ,he ae xtntha tt lw ai e k e di ha al ti he c a)t y r rj tda pre td. Sighv Pr deni He t Car Pl ,l 335F. 278, 9-0(t eece s e mpe ' n . u tal a1h e an nc, ' 3d 28 9 4h Ci. ) Thus Dee nt'motont nsonwh erPli ifscai saeafdeal us of r2003 . , fnda s i ur dh antf l ms tt e r ca e atonunde ERI j50 a . ci r SA 2() A. Pli ifsbr chofc r c cli i s nsbl c tue a aci la tonbr htby a antf ea onta t am s e i y onsr d s vi c i oug b efci r t o r c rbe ft du hi unde t t m sofhi pln . . .' 29 U. C. en i a y ç e ove ne is e m t r he er s a ' S. j 3 1l 2( ()B) Howe rteplndoc ns3s t tMr Moon' c rgee dwhe he 3 a)l( . ve,h a ume t how ha . s ovea nde n t e ed Aci w or asa Emplye , me nn t theso i asE) tve k n c o e' a ig ha tpped' ro mi aloft ' ç fr ng l he pe , matra dute of( s j wiht Emplye wheet edutesaenor l c ridou.4 eil is hilob t he o r r hos i r maly are t, M oreover t éSu m a y Pl D escrpton'ssat t : ( m r an i i ' t es hat , he I , l i ur d, be om et t ly di a e a a e u bl t wor yo lf i ur nc f whie ns e you c o a l s bl d nd r na e o k, ur ie ns a e c r ge w ile H owe r yo m a c tn lf i ur nc c r ge f you a y ove a l nd. ve , u y on i ue ie ns a e ove a or nd our cover dependent by m aki paym entdiec l t t i ur ed s ng r ty o he ns ance com pany. Ther i no diput t neiherPl ntf norM r M oon m ade any such paym ent and t t es s e hat t ai if . s, hus hat hi co rgeun rt M eLiePlnlpsd.Se Am.Compl!28. s vea de he t f a a e e . Pl ntf pur st s r ai if port o eek ecover notundert M et f Pl butunderan aleged y he Lie an, l s at agr entevi epar e eem denced by t Confr aton St em ent However 1have aleady he im i at . , r de er i t t cl m i ti s t t m ned hat hat ai s tn ubs ance an atemptt r t o ecover'undert M et f Pl ' he Lie an. M oon, F.Su 2d a 8 A n t r a o f t tde e m i to r m ai s d. Pl ntf 742 pp. t 36. d he e s ns or ha t r na i n e n oun ai if s e t r c ve be ft ofat p ovi d b a a kn l dg ERI pl n,i a a o e ks o e o r ne is ype r de y n c ow e ed SA a n n m unt pr ded f i an acknow l ovi or n edged ERI pl i r i on a Consr aton St em entt ton SA an, n elance m i at ha isf appear t i pos no i t ace s o m e ndependenty enf ceabl dutes. 1 l or e i d. M or ove ,ERI r quie t ta pl n b ç t bls d a m ai ai d pur ua t a e r SA e r s ha a e i a ihe nd nt ne es s nt o wrte i tu nt'29U. C.j11 2()1, c K ci r)t f ma pr e e bywhih itn nsrme , ' S. 0 a( )whih desrbes he or l oc durs c teplnc nb a n e ' Co e nv Na in d L# .n . .9 9F.d5 , 8(t Ci. 9 2 h a a e me d d. lma . t wie ' o I s Co, 6 2 4 5 4h r 1 9 ) Th eor,çola ori or lwrte modii tonst apln...aeofnoefc. 1 a 5 erf e i rl nf ma itn l fcai o a r fe t' d. t 9. ' Se aloMc av v Merpolt Lfe1 Co.-- F. --, 1WL 1 33873, t* ( hCi. e s cr y . to ian f ns ,-- 3d --201 8 a 5 4t r 3A sw ih t Confr a i St t m e t t pln d umensar i e a t Pl ntf' cli a a et pr pe t he im ton a e n , he a oc t e ntgrl o ai ifs am nd r hus o r s b e t o c n ie ain a t i sa eo t el iain.S e eg,Coi v Ma c n Co r es w.Emps.Ret Pl u j cs f o sd rt t hs tg f h i g to e , .. ln . r o i mme c .' o t y . an, 3 5F. u p 2 5 0 ( . N. 2 0 ) 3 S p . d 9 M D. C. 0 4 . 4 Dem t nc aed u 5M c r otI om or t ,Yo rEmpo eBe eiPln (a .12 01 (o k tn 5 -) lye n tt a ,Jn , 0 )d c e o. 43 . summ ayPl De c i i oft Gr I ur cePln f M c nnotl or ae andPari paig Subsdiz r an s rpton he oup ns an a or De t nc portd tci tn i ay a d afl tdCo a is ( p . 0 2 ( o k tn . 4 1. n fii e mp n e . Se t 2 0 ) d c e o 5 - ) a 2011.TheFo t Cic tha r s dt tac tayr ewoul e pos aplnt K ei d ) urh rui s eaone ha onrr ul d x e a o l fne und la ltes' nd uli a el r ound t t ha ' oft pl n a is b nefc a i .El e v Con i biii ' a tm t y ed o he l m he a nd t e i i res mor . e Mil.Cop.23F. 85 87 ( hCi.1 4)( e ye,J,c urigl.ddE o swoul ls r , 3d 5, 4 4t r 99 Nime r . onc rn ) sllmplyee d be una et r y on t s pl nsi t re c e r tr m e be ft c d be r ca l a f c e bl o el he e a f hei xpe t d e ie nt ne is oul adi ly f e t d b f dsds re t ot re oye spurua t sdea e me s' 1 ( tngMilrv y un ipesd o he mpl e s nto' i gre nt. d. quoi le . ' Co t Cor ,978F.d622,6 ( 0hCi.1 ) AsPl nifsc ta tcli s kst asal p. 2 25 1 t r 992 . aitf' onrc am ee o s d t p t r r m ent ofa Ell A - e ne pl n b m o f ng t c to ofc r ge i ese he equie s n t s gov r d a y diyi he ondii ns ove a , i m us t ef e f l t t her or ai. B. Pl ntf alo seekst r ai if s o ecoverunderan i i orquasicontac t y. A san i tal mpled, - r t heor nii 6 matr c ursg nealypr biapa t fo rc rngi qua ico r toru j te ih nt te, o t e r l ohi t ry rm e ovei n s- ntac n us nrc me wher asher an expr agr entgover t rel i hi bet een t par i See e, e, ess eem ns he atons p w he tes. Pr i nt # & Wc #c Is Co. Wale , F. 985, ( hCi.1 0) Nonehee s ovde L cf n/ n . v. lr 906 2d 993 4t r 99 . t ls, t Fourh Cicui hasalowed r he t r t l ecover i quasicontactunderERI . l Waler,t court yn - r SA n l he f ound t suc a r edy wasavaiabl t a pl adm i stat s ng t r hat h em l e o an ni r or eeki o ecoverf unds ad nc dt apl pa tcpa .1 Re oveywa a pr it b a e()t c va e o an rii nt d c r s p oprae ec us i he ommonlw a rme woul efcuaet i e o t pate a stfrhi t plnc rc;(it rme e dy d fe t t he ntnt f he ris s e o t n he a onta t i) he e dy wa c itn wihERI j403c( ( , c (i cae adesr t e ur t tplnf s onsse t t SA ()2)A)whih ç ts ndi ie o ns e ha a unds ar a nitrde tbl a t tnoo pat note nplnbe fcai ,s du j ty e dmi see quia y nd ha ne ry, ve a neiires houl nusl pr ii' nd(i)t fcsoft c e( it arh tpal j te rc nts nai ' 9 F. a oft'a ii he a t he as dt he c ey unus n ihme ce ro. 06 2d t f ' 993.Tha i,hepl nifs dt ti( 1 ha araona ee cai o pa nt()t ts t aitf howe ha t. ) d e s bl xpe tton f yme , 2 he ( 6 q aic nrc ia e utbecam fruj s e r h n rltdt q a tm me utcams Prvd n L# d A u s-o tats n q i l li o nut ni me teae o u nu r i li . o ie t a c r Ac ie t n . . .Wa lr 9 6F.d98 , 9 - 4( t Ci. 9 0 . cd n l s Co v l , 0 2 5 9 3 9 4h r 1 9 ) e 5 dee da s dra o bl ha e pece t pa or( s it sra o bl e cai of fn nt houl e s na y ve x td o y, 3) ocey' e s na e xpe ttons per on and pr s opert woul be def ed by nonpaym ent' 906 F. at993y d eat .' 2d 94. Ho ve,heFourhCic tha aloc uine t ttll us ofaf eal mmonlw we rt t rui s s a to d ha <the e ed r co a t or cli ofunus e ihme i Waler. . sce ryt e ptona nott r efr he y am j t nrc ntn l . wa lal he xce i nd he ul o ERI c s s ' El e,1 F. d a 449. M or ove , tha c le W ale i o ç e i do t' SA a e . mor 87 3 t ' e r i s a ld l r nt s rous ub , s ' b a et c r f ldt c i rt plna mi srtrsrme unde j502()3. ec us he ou taie o onsde he a d nitao ' e dy r a() Pr i nt fe( Accde I s Co v Coh n,423F.d41 42324(t Ci. ) Si lry, ovde L f i nt n . . . e 3 3, - 4h r 2005 . mial t Fo t Cic tha de i dt f lo Wale wheet i urdc dpurueacam (l i he urh rui s clne o olw lr r he ns e oul s li abet me ils)u rERI Scvie ore ntprvii Re v We tac Cor 31 F.d 1 rte s nde SA' i l nf c me o son. go . sv o p, 9 3 40, l ( hCi. ) I s doi teco 'deemi dt tn qua ic ta t rme i 48 4t r2003 . n o ng,h ut tr ne ha o s-onr cuale dy s t avaiabl i Eactonsf whi ERI aleady cr t r edi ,'319 F. at 1 becaus such l e n d i or ch SA r ea es em es' 3d 48, e c ssE esn l n ga i ERI t trquie a i esii 5x. I ae d e tl o p n SA ha e rs n ntrttal ' d. pr ' Re an Co n pr det r e f t sca e. Pl i tf c nno r o t pln be ft go d he ovi he ul or hi s a n if a t ec ver he a ne is und aqua ic nta t lt or b a ej50 a ara pr de amea ofrc ve i a y er s-o rcua he y ec us 2() le dy ovi s ns e o rng n beneft t w hi s i entted. M or is o ch he s il eover unlke i Waler,gr i t r edy t Pl ntf , i n l antng he em hat ai if seekswoul nothonort i entoft pari assetf h i t rw rten agr ent butwoul d he nt he tes ort n hei it eem , d i t ad e f c i l r w rt t ta r men . ERI d snotpe m i s h a r s t Col man,9 nse f e tve y e- ie ha g ee t SA oe r t uc e ul. e 69 F. at58. 2d C. Pl n ifar ue t tprnc pl ofe t bl e t lba D e e n s fom de yi g t ai tf g s ha i i es quia e soppe r f nda t r n n he e s e e ofa co r c o qua ic t a t Howe r e t bl e t peli g ne a l u va l bl xit nc nta t r s - on r c . ve , quia e s op s e r ly na ia t und rERI . A sno e a ERI pl n mus be s tf t i aw rte i tum e t tde c i s e SA t d, n SA a t e orh n it n nsr nt ha s rbe t f m alpr he or ocedur f am endm ent 29 U. C . jjl 0 a( ) 1 02( ( .Th , qui e es or . S. 1 2()l - 1 b)3) us e t abl 6 esop ca notbe us d t brng ab t m odii a i ofpl n r quie e s Se Col m a 96 t pel n e o i out he fc ton a e r m nt . e e n, 9 F. a 5 ( hCi.1 92) Sigerv Bl kd De e Cop.9 F. 1 49 1 2(t Ci.99 2d t 8 4t r 9 ; n . ac r ck r r , 64 2d 4 , 45 4h r1 2) (ttngt ti i i pprpraet de el t fdea c sai ha t s na o it o v op he e rl ommonlw i ERI c s swheet a n SA a e r he efc wo dbeçoove det e i ttr ofane tbls ERI be ttpln.) fe t ul ç t ni he xplci ems sa ihed SA nes a ' . ' l El e v Cone M il Cor , h Fo t Cicui,sti en banc r c ze t t n mor . ls p. t e urh r t i ng t , e ogni d ha equiabl es oppelm ay be avaiabl des t t exi ence ofan ERISA pl 23 F. at863. t e t l e pie he st an. 3d The evenl di ded courthel t an em pl y vi d hat oyer' r es atonsconcer ng beneft whi s epr ent i ni is, ch wer m adepri t t f m alenact entoft pl coul be enf ced even t e or o he or m he an, d or hough t pl he an a ptduli tl di n pr defrs c be ft.f Fo udge emphasz dt tor nay do e tmaey d ot ovi o u h neis #. urj s ie ha di r c cr a on e ns bout( c d kdoo ' m odii a i ofERI pl nsw e e i ap i a e, c s no pl n ba r' fc ton SA a r n plc bl be au e a e se a t tmeterpr e ainsweema .23F. a 8 ( na n, .c nc rng . xitd the i h e esntto r de 3d t 68 Mur hga J, o uri ) Threot r ud sc cl dta e tbl etppe s donl bea lbl i t c eof e he j ge on ude h t quia e so l houl y vaia e n he as Q rwl sae nswhihc tttdmirprs nt i s' 23F. a 875( e ye, . G e an ttme t c onsiue se e e aton . p ' 3d t Nime rJ, c urngi pat (mphassadd d) Si lry, o cic t ha lmie t a lbiiyof onc ri n r) e i e . mial s me ruis ve i td he vaia lt e t bl e t ppe t ca esofm ir pr s nt to ofpl n be ft .Se e g. Cur i v Joh quia e s o l o s se e e ain a ne is e . , c o . n Ha oc MutL( I .Co.33F. 226, ( dCi.99 ; e v Bur h t99lF.d 1 4, nc k . 4 ns , 3d 235 3 r1 4) f e . k ar, 2 00 1 09-0(dCi.9 .Ot rc t ha hedt te tbl et pe i a aia ewheet 0 1 2 r1 93) he ours ve l ha quia e sop ls v lbl r he t m sofan ERI pl ar am bi er SA an e guousoruncl . See Bower an v.Walhf St s, Inc. 226 ear m - art ore , F. 5 58 588( hCi.20 ; 1Co .He t Be ft anv StJo e sHop.o 3d 74, 6- 7t r 00)Nat s a1h ne Pl . . sph' s f Atant,I .929F.d 1 l -2( 1hCi 9 l; l a nc, 2 558, 5717 1 t nl 9 )Kanev AenaLfeI s,893F.d 1 3, . t n. 2 28 1 6 ( lh Ci.990 . 28 1 t r1 ) Ther or a1 r evantconsi a i compelt concl i t equiabl es oppeli not ef e, l el der tons he uson hat t e t s a iabl i t sc s . Unlke i El or t r pr s nt to gi n r s t t cl i we e m a va l e n hi a e i n m e, he e e e a i ns vi g i e o he a m r de 7 welatrt a ptono a a knowldge ERI A pl C El e, F. a 8 875. l fe he do i f n c e d S an. / mor 23 3d t 68, Furher or acceptng Pl ntf ' cl m w oul ovenidet explci elgi lt r r t m e, i ai ifs ai d he i t i biiy equiement of s t M e l ie Pl n.Se Si ge ,96 F. a 1 l a ton,Pl i tf c nnotc ai a y a bi t he t af a e n r 4 2d t 45. n ddii a n if a l m n m guiy ormirpr e a i i t pln doc n s a t e Summa y Pln De c i i pli y dicl e se es ntton n he a ume t, s h r a s rpton anl s os s t ttll,whiei ur youb omettlydia ed... lf i urnc c vea wile ' ha tif l ns ed, ec oal sbl your ie ns a e o rge l nd. ' Fu t r e, h Confr ton St tme di notc r dita oft pln d ume s a i di rhe mor t e imai ae nt d onta c ny he a oc nt, s t d n gua a ee M r M oo c r ge e n i he f l d t m e tt pl n' elgi lt r quie e s ot r nt . n ove a ve f aie o e he a s i biiy e r m nt . D ef endant accept s' ance ofpr i paym ent doesnotc em um s hange t anal i See W hie v. he ys s. t Pr i ntLfèd Ac i ntI .Co. 1 4F. 26,29(t Ci.1 7) Mc av 2011WL ovde / : cde ns , 1 3d 4h r 99 ; cr y 1 3873 a * A si t sc e t pl i ifi M c av s htt r c rlf i ur c be f 83 , t 5. n hi as , he a ntf n cr y oug o e ove ie ns an e ne ks f l ng t de t o a f m iy m e r who ha be om e i lgi e f rc r ge und rt olowi he a h f a l mbe , d c ne i bl o ove a e he expr st m sofan Em sA es er gover gr lf i ur ned oup ie ns ancepl D es t t l an. pie he apse i cover n age, t pl ntf contnued t m ake,and t i ur he ai if i o he ns ance company contnued t accept pr i i o , em um payment . Ther asher t i ed coul have convert herpolcy t an i vi polc s e, e, he nsur d ed i o ndi dual iy, bu f ldt dos l rj ci t pl ntf seq tbl esoppe cai t c te one t t t aie o o. n ee tng he ai if uia e t l l m,he ourras d ha: Cont al t t Sum m ar Pl Des i i M ccr di nota y f any i vi r y o he y an crpton, avy d ppl or ndi dual polc by cont i M e taf w ihi 31 da ....M ccr atrbut t snonf ance t iy actng t ie t n ys avy ti es hi eas o M et f s f l e t m ake herawar t herde Lie' aiur o e hat pendentceas t be elgi e f ed o i bl or cover Bet as i m ay,t es op M et f fom denyi conver on cover we age. hat t o t Lie r ng si age, w o d ha t te tt a i a i n r quiem e ta wai d. t do s woul a l a ul ve o r a he pplc to e r n s ve But o o d low pr bied m odii i oft t m soft pl ohi t fcaton he er he an. 201l W L 1833873,at*5. Furher or t cour concl t m e, he t uded t t pl scl pr uson of hat he an' ear ecl i cover m ade i i possi e f pl ntf t show r ona erelance on t def age tm bl or ai if o eas bl i he endant' s m ir es atons. Il Thatr oni a i w ih equalf ce her 7 s epr ent i 6 eas ng pples t or e. ?Pl n ifc t st tt sc ei ditnguiha efom M c av , be aus hee,hei ur ha ce s dbei a aitf onend ha hi ms s si s bl r cr y c e r t ns ed d a e ng n e pl e a t tme t ale d mir pr e a i n ofc r e oc ur e . Butt s ditnc i i no me ngf . m oye t he i he l ge s e es nt to ove ag c r d hi s i ton s t ani ul 8 D. A lhoug i i no c e rfom t c m pl i t Pl i ipscl i f b ea h o fduc a y d y t h t s t l a r he o a n , a ntf a m or r c f i i r ut a ast aieun rERI jj50 a( a ()3 , U. C.jj11 a ( a ()3) To ppe r o rs de SA 2()2) nd a() 29 S. 32()2) nd a( . t e e tPli ifse t rco rplnb ft un rj50 a( , rcli mus fi.Se ton he xtn antf e ks o e ve a eneis de 2()2)he am t al ci 50 a( ç ut ie ... nei ais...t brnga tonso be l ofaplnt rc e f 2()2)ç horz s be fcire a o i ci n haf a o e ov r or vi ai ofoblgai dei di ( U. C.j1 09y'LaRu v DeWof Bobegt Asoc oltons i tons fne n 29 S. 1 . ' e. lf r : s s, t 5 U. 2 25 ( 0:) çl prn p saut yduisi e onfducaisbyta scin 52 S. 48, 3 20 . i- icial tt or te mpos d i ire h t e to -he te a et t pr perm a e e t ad i sr to a i s m e off a s t , wih a e r l t o he o nag m n , m nit a i n, nd nve t nt und s e s ' t n ye t ar ensurng t Ehe beneft aut zed by t pl are uli at y pai t partci sand ow d i hat t is hori he an' tm el d o i pant be efcais'1 (mpha i a d)( tngMas. .LfcI .Co.v Rusel47 U. 1 4, n iire a d. e ' ss dde quoi s Mut f ns . s l, 3 S. 3 1 ( 985 42 1 :. Se ton50 a ( o yalowsaplnpatci ntorbe efcayt rc rfrdute owe ci 2()2) nl l a ri pa n iir o e ove o is d t tepl is f Esat o pi e v Ant m He t Pl so P ,589F.Sup 2d738 7 o h an tel. t e fs nn r . he alh an f W. p. , 45 ( . Va. 00,af' 388F. p' 275(t Ci. 0) Thus whiea i vi lmi t W D. 20 f d Ap x 4h r 201 . , l n ndi dua gh r c rf fd ar br a hest ha i pai t e val ofpl n as e s i a pa tc pa ' i di dua e ove or i uci y e c t tm r h t ue a st n r i i nts n vi l a c u t'h ma n t e o e ço idvd a ij re , it c fo plnij re . .' fa e c o n, e y o rc v rç r n iiu lnu is d si t r m a nu is . . Ru , ' f n ' 5 U. a 256( ) Norma aplitf ç on r wh ti e sntal acli t rc r 52 S. t 2008 . y anifç ve t a s s e ily am o e ove c i vi albe eft i oapr rcai u r( 502()2)'byt fr aci ainoft ndi du n is nt ope l m nde j 1a( , he o muli nvoc to he ' sa ut S nn r 388 F. pp' a 28 l e a r que tf i vi lbe ft a l e y due t t e. pi e , A x t 2. nde d, e s or ndi dua ne is leg dl unde t e t r sofapl n i t E he q nt s e i le m pl ofr i ft ti nota ia eunde r h em a s he t ui e s nta xa e ele ha s t va l bl r scin50 a()'Co ( Del y Co.v Bl Cr s d:BleShil 1 F. 71 71 1 ( h e to 2()2 . yne f an ' . ue o s u ed, 02 3d 2, 4- 5 4t Ci.1 . r 996) A lo i Plitf' cam t pr e woul efctawave ofplnc tons whih i i m isbl u r lw ng an ifs li o oc ed d fe ir a ondii , c s mper s i e nde ERI SeeM ccr y,2011W L 1 83387 a * SA. av 8 3, t 5. 9 Furhe m o e, a n ifm a no r c rpl n be f a ç he a o it e t bl t r r Pl i tf y t e ove a ne hs s ' r ppr pr a e quia e ot rle 'o bra hoffducayduyunde j50 a() be a et rlefs ghti no e uia ei eif fr e c i ir t r 2()3, c us he ei ou s t q tbl n naur t cam f mone duea owi und rac r c i quit s e i l a a ton a lw. t e. $ li or A y nd ng e onta t s n e s ntaly n ci t a Al s i ara y... uiss e ng( et rb j me ,ij ton,orde lrto t c mpe mo tnv ibl s t e ki wh he y udg nt nunci caain) o o l t de e ntt pa a s m ofm one t t e pl i ifa e s t f E o y da ag , ... he he f nda o y u y o h antf r uis or m ne m es' t clsi fr oflga rle.GratWe t fet Annui Is Co. .Knud on,5 U. 204, 0 a sc om e l eif e - s L f t t n. v y s 34 S. 21 ( )( ottonsomit ) 2002 qu ai ted . Se ton5 a()doe notpemiPli ift de nds cii pefr ceoft alge ci 02()3 s r t antf o ma pe fc roman he le d agr entbet eem ween t pari Gener l ts fcper or ance ofa cont actt pay money was he tes. aly,çpecii f m r o no a ia e i e uiy. 53 U . a 21 Co t ofe t co d de r e s c t pe f m a c of t va l bl n q t ' 4 S. t 1. urs quiy ul c e pe ik r or n e ' a c t a tt o pr v tf u e l s t te t w e e i c c a e orw oul be g e t rt n t e s on r c t e en ut r os es ha iher r n al ul bl t d r a e ha h um awar 'i contactdam ages,f i t ded' n r or nsance,i a sui t enf ce a l oblgaton w here n t o or oan i i aler i fnanci wasnotavaiabl Great t natve i ng l e. -West 534 U . at210. H ow ever t s i notsuch , S. , hi s ac s No doe j50 a( al tePl ntf rc rplnbe ft i rsiuton.l Gr at ae. r s 2()3) low h ai if e ove a neis n ett i n e We t t Supr m e Cou t xpl i d t tr siu i m a be e t rl galo e t bl i n t e. s , he e r e a ne ha e tt ton y ihe e r quia e n a ur l cases i whi h t pl ntf coul notass ttte orrghtt pos i ofpartcul r n n c he ai if d er il i o sesson i a prpet buti whihn ve t esh mi tbea et s us grundsf r o rng o ry, n c e rhels e gh bl o howj t o or ec vei m oney t pa f s e beneftt def o y or om i he endanthad r ved f om hi ,t pl ntf had a ecei r m he ai if r ghtt r tt i atl t ough an ac i derved f om t com m on-aw wrtof i o es iuton aw hr ton i r he l i a s pst l s ch ca es t pl i ifscl i wa c i r d l galb a e he s s um i. n u s , he a ntf a m s onsde e e ec us ough t to obanaj me ti i ameeypes lla lyu t dee n t pa as ti udg n mposng rl rona ibii pon he fnda t o y um t ofm o y. h cl i sw e e vi we e s ntaly asa to a l w f rbr a h ofc nta t ne Suc a m r e d se i l c i ns t a o e c o rc ( t rt c ta twa at lori id . whehe he onrc s cua mple ) GratWet 5 U. a 21 (uoai a ciai omitd .Se aloMccr v 2 1WL e - s, 34 S. t 3 q ttons nd ttons te ) e s ay, 01 1833873,at*3. I s m ar Pl ntf cannotr n um y, ai if ecoverw hatar i ess e n ence contac dam ages r t un rj50 a()byc rce i ngt r ifs htasa e uia ecl m f s cfc de 2()3 haa trzi he ele oug n q tbl ai or pe ii 10 per or ance,r tt i ors e ot r f m es iuton, om her emedy. To t e entt compl ntdem ands s he xt he ai uch r i ,i m us be dim i sed. elef t t s s Pl ntf alo seeksKr tt i agai tt e ass soft def ai if s es iuton ns hos et he endant i o whi t s nt ch he M oon paym ent can be t aced ....' A m .Com pl A st r d hasnotbeen f l devel s r ' . he ecor uly oped on t si ue,ldeclnet addr s i. hi ss i o es t 1 . 11 Fort f e ng r s , e enda s m oto wilbe g a e he or goi ea ons D f nt ' i n l r nt d. The Cl r oft Co ti die t d t s nd a c ri d c py oft s o ni n t a lc uns of e k he ur s r c e o e e tGe o hi pi o o l o el r d. ecor Ete ti C dyoJl,01 ne dhs r a fuy21. NO AN K.M O I I JN TED STA TES D I STRI JUD GE CT 11
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