Hixson v. Hutcheson et al, No. 5:2017cv00032 - Document 166 (W.D. Va. 2018)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Chief Judge Michael F. Urbanski on 8/3/18. (kld)
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I TH E UN I N TED STATES DI STRI COURT CT FO R TH E W E STE RN D I RI O F W RGI I ST CT N A H ARRI N BU RG D I SION SO W CLERK' OFFI . S CE A U S. SXK URI DI TROANOKE, V A FI LED ét g z j l g gj JU BK rpL c: sx CA RY H I SO N , X Pl i if a ntfy Ci lActon N os 5:7- vvi i . 1 c 00032 5: 8- 00001 1 cvBy:H on.M i chaelF.U r bansl d BRYU H UTCH ESON , ta . e 1 Chi fUnied S a e D it t udge e t t t s sdc J D ef endant s. M EM O RAN D U M O PI ION N Pl i ifCG Hi on,an i uln- pende dibe algeshe wa de e i uln antf xs ns i de nt a éc, le s nid ns i whi i acrtda Hars nbugRo kn ha Re inal irHRRJ'. x o sSe o l ncreae t rio r- c ig m go l al f ' His n' c nd e ) Ame d Co an f rM o tr Da g s(h T AC' , No. 25 t ie vai us nde mpli t o nea y ma e t e < ? ECF S ) 1 , as s to cnmsa ans Dee a sDr Miha l r n, t rn Ra ne , a l S e or li g i t fnd nt . c e Mo a Kahei e y sJ nel e kf d e (olci l wihRa ne,h T reDee a s), ouhenHe lhPnt r,nc CS ' c l t y t y s te f s fnd nt' S t z at tnes I . 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' The Fourh Ciclthasf t te aned W es,hol ng t taphysc a f t r ti urhe xpl i t di ha ii n f te sa who r at / . prs ra t unde c orofsat lw e n t ione c s r ol t e a ve hough t t w a no c r cm a r l tons p he e s onta l e ai bi be wee t prs a t physca ' I a 223. nse i i dipostvet tt s a e m n t n he i on nd he ii n. d. t ' l t ad, t s s ii ha he t t prs r f r ed a prs rt t physca a pad t physc a t r nderm e ca s r es ion e e r i one o he iin nd i he ii n o e di l e dc t t prs z 1 a 225.Thi i be a e t sa e a hozzest i pe ntphyscan t o he ione . d. t s s c us he t t ut i he nde nde ii o pr de i at swih m edi lc e,a t i a e a e f c t a e t te tne ovi nm e t . ca az nd he nm t s t oz ed o cc pt he r a nt ofe e I fr d. d. TheN ur eD ef nda scont nd t t ywe e c r ld by SH P,a prva e e iy s e nt e hat he r ontole i t ntt , and t r oz ca he ef e nnotbe sat ac or . ur eD e s'M TD Br 5. sConne m a ce r t e t sN s f. . A r kes la , howe r t N ur eD e enda s d t te pl ri notdiposéve TheN t eD e e nt ve , he s f nt' iec m oye s s i . us f nda s f su gjt saesc ns tzi l l a t pr vi me ia c r t isprs e s' r s med he tt' o d t ona obi éon o o de dc l ae o t ion r . a t g ' Conne ,42 F. a 224. t 3d t Any m e c lpt es i Ta horze by t s a et pr de di a of sonal fut i d he t t o ovi m e ca ca e t a prs re r iespow e t ti tadi di l r o i one xe c s r ha s r donal t excusvepr r tve of ly he l i e oga i t sae'l a 2 5. z , xs n pla st tHRRJa t rz dt Nu s De e a st he tt . d. t 2 He e Hi o e d ha ' u ho ie he re fnd nt o pr vi c t t HRRJi t s S ! 1 -2 Att epla igssa e t i alg to i o de ae o nmae . AC ! 9 0. l e dn tg , h s le ain s a s f entt esa ih t tt N ur eD ef ndant a es a e a t sf pur esofSe ufki o t bls ha he s e s r t t c or or pos céon 1983. The onl r m ani que ton i w het rt f tt t N ur eD ef ndant a e y e i ng si s he he ac hat he s e sr nur e , a he t n doc or ,m akesa dif r silt a l i.I doesnot Prs nlr e s s r t r ha t s ny f e ence t he nayss t . ion zs s aea na et sl u rS ci n 1 3. e S t v. n ih 5 9F. 7 , 4 (t Ci. r me bl o ti nde e to 98 S e mih S at , 8 3d 36 7 0 4 h r t 2 0 )Soli ta nzs c ul behedl beu rS ci 1 3t deto igfz ta 0 9 cng h t lre o d l l i l nde eton 98 br sryn o m h t a c us dpzs ne t bede e p e ci dme iain . a l yf rp i t d t su r a e io t o nid r s rbe dc to ) Libit o rvae ocor nde i Conne i pr ca e upon t prva edoct spe f - ng afpublc f don7 t ti,t r s edi t d he i t or r ot mi f i unc ' ha s he pr son ofm e c ls rvce t i a es D e uche,191F. a 507;s e a s Conne ,42 ovii di a e i s o nm t . Ba 3d t e lo r F. a 224. e e, i on pl dst tt N ur eD ef ndant s e 3d t H r H xs ea ha he s e s t pped i o t s nt he hoesoft he saeb pr v dngme c lc r t HRRJi mae . e Conn r t r f r ,t Nure tt y o ii dia a e o n ts Und r e , hee o e he s ( 1 ' D ef nda sa e sat ac or . e nt r t e t s C. CountI M ei calM al actce I: pê i I t c ur' Fe ' r 9 20 8Me r ndn Opion thef mo a um n he o ts bt y , 1 mo a lm i ua t f Me r nd ) Opni ' t ec ur c ncud d t tbe a eI is n pla e t t< . ozn wa e o d i on), h o t o l e ha c us 'x o e d d ha < M a s mplye I Dr by Roc ngha Count y'H i on' m e c lm a pr c e c nm sw e e ba r d by s r i ki m y7 xs s di a l a dc l i r re ove egn i m uniyi of rast ec m ss m t ns a hos bi ounde i or na y ne i nc H i on v.H ut hes N o. d n di r glge e. xs c on, 8 51 -v 0 0 2 2 8W L 8 4 9 a * ( D. . b. , 0 ) TheNuteDee nt :7 c - 0 3 , 01 1 05 , t 6 W. Va Fe 9 2 18 . s fnda s sm iaty cbi t tt y a ee l d t s t i i m uniy.N m s D ef .M TD Bz 7. i ll m ha he z néte o ove egn m t e s' . A tt t es d,t c ta s hed t D z M or n c d behe d la e f m edi l he ht hol he our lo l hat . a oul l ibl or ca m apr tc s l aci e oundi i gr sne i ng n os glgence a fp- r H i on ha a , nd, ltbe , xs t d dequa ey pl gr s t l ed os negl i gencea i tD z M oz n. i on,2018W L 814059,a *5 Them e c lm apr c ke gans . a H xs t -8. di a l a t cqm sa i tt N ut eD ef nda sa ie f om t s m e unde li f c sast m edi l li ga ns he s e nt ts z he a ty ng a t he ca m apr tc cli sa i tD r M or n.Ast c tsanayssi t pr vi M e or ma l aci e /m gans . a he our' l i n he e ous m andt O pi on a i e lyhe e t cotr hol t tt tt m elca m apt c i cli sa i t ni pples qual r , he zt ds ha ha he ci l l a tce nm gans t N ur e D ef nda sc he s e nt annotbe dinns ed i of ra t y s s i s ns a s he ound i gr sne i nc n os glge e. M or ove ,t c utpr di a e isa l i i t M e or ndum Opi on upon e t he ot e c t d t nayss n he m a ni His npe dn t tDzMornwa asaee ly e S eixa * rThec ur wil onsde x o la ig ha . a s tt mpo e . e d t 6 f o t lc i r a t'eHis n' algainst a Dr M o a wa a e o e ofHRRJ' Thec r a e s tz x o s l to h t . r n s n mply e t e . ). ou t ppE d t J me t s t d tz nei Dr M otn, saep sca c l a alhm sl ofi nip he a s e t o ee mi f . a a tt hy iin, oud v i i ef mmu t I a * (ii Mesnav. zde 2 8Va 30 , 1 , 21SE.d6 7 6 3(9 4;a s d. t 5 ct ng si Blr n, 2 . 1 3 3 3 . 2 5 , 6 1 8 )J me v.a , 21Va 4 , 3 2 7S. 2 1 8 1 3 (98 ). tf hel me t s i nota l a l i l ne 2 . 3 5 6 E.d û , 1 1 0) Bu f a s e t s ppi be f t c t i vi i a i he ndi dual s n ndepende c r ct a t ,nota e pl e ora ntoft nt onta oê nd, hus n m oye ge he Co mmon at 'At ns v. a h 2 1Va 2 8 2 3 5 SE. 9 2, 0 (0 ) we lh. ki on S c no, 6 . 7 , 8 , 41 . 2d 0 9 5 2 01. ' l i usal frtejr t d tr nei apes ni a i e nd ntc nta tzo a ts u l o h u y o eemi f ro s n nd pe e o rco r n y e pl ee butf n rhe e de e a nisofbutoneconcuson,t que don i oneof m oy , f whe t vi nc dr t l i he s s lw.' d. t2 4 5 SE.d a 9 (uoén Ha e dv. e i- 4 Lt .2 7Va 2 7 28 , 7 a ' I a 8 , 41 . 2 t 05 q g d e M d c2 , d, 3 . 7 , 8 3 7 ' SE. 5 9 5 4 ( 9 9) TheS pr meCo tofVigni r q ie c urst us af rfcor . 2d 8 , 9 1 8 ). u e ur ti a e u t s o t o e ou -a t ts t deemi i ame c lp ofsi l sasaee o e o ac ta t r r 1 slc n e t o tz ne f dia z e sona i tt mply e r on r co :T ) ee do ( 9 a e a e nt()pa me tofc mpe a n;()po rofds sa; nd()po tt nd ng g me ;2 y n o nsdo 3 we imisla 4 we o c nto t wot oft i i du l' d. t2 * 8 , 4 S. 2 a 9 (ii Ha e v. o r lhe k he ndvi a. I a 8 5 5 1 E.d t 05 ct ' ng de d Me c2 Lt , 3 Va 2 7, 8 3 7SE.d5 9 5 4- 5(9 9)Th f thfcot te di-4, d.2 7 . 2 28 , 7 . 2 8 , 9 9 1 8 ). e ou t at - h powe t c r - i de e- i r o ont ol s t t nadve I m . d. The N tr eD ef ndant r yon c t i al atonsi t SAC t tt y pott y as ls e s el eran leg i n he ha he ta pt t tHRRJha t po tt c ntol hetwoz The pontt t alg io t tt oof ha d he we o o t t i k. y i o he l a ns ha he e Nu s De e a swe ef mply db LHP)t p o i em e ia c t t t im ae of r e fnd nt t f o e y S e o z v d d c l a e o he n ts HIRJ'S ! 1 ,1 ,ha Huth s n a Dr Mo a we ef l hna d csonma e g wih L , AC ! 0 3 t t c e o nd . r n r f l l e ii k rs t ' te j rs c t o d rn ca dcme iai 'ia! 1 , 4 , ndt tHRRJe ce apoiyt epet o r eig t be i dc t 'd ! 29 1 2 a ha ona na td l o c prve da dc fo r c ii gme ii e i a ! 1 4, 4 . e Re yPlsRe p. e nt ibe s r m e ev n dcn ,d ! 4 1 6 S e pl . s Opp. re ' Nu s D ef .M TD ,ECF N o.143,a 4. s' t ButHi on as pl dst tD ef ndant e r ied t i own a hort i t c z of xs lo ea ha e s xe c s he. r ut iy n he a e Hi on. i on ale t N ur eD e enda sha t a hort t or ra pr vi H i on xs H xs lges he s f nt d he ut iy o de nd o de xs wih me cne y tr f e t do s S ! 3 - . t r Hi onalg st Nlre t dii , e eus d o o. AC ! 3 44 Furhe, xs l e he zs e D ef nt r us d t r ques t tD r Mo a pr v deHis n wih me ia n. d ! g 0 enda s ef e o e t ha . r n o i x o t dcdo L a j6 . 61.And H i on al ge Ra st e ened t pl c H i on i s g egai f c pli ng xs le s yne hr at o a e xs n e r ton or om ani a bouthi m e ca tea m e .L = ! 6 -7 . s di l t t nt d ! 8 6 . W ih t econfitng al ga t hes lc i le éons t c tc nnotc l a a m a t roflw t t , he ouz a oncude s te a ha HRR c tol d t eNt eDe e nt' r a , he eo e c nno on t ep e cn sho d J on r l h us fnda s wo k nd t r f r , a t h lal g l e i 10 t tt Nu s Dee a saee o e so a e t o t saes jc t s veeg ha he te fnd nt r mply e z g ns f he tt ubet o o tin i m unips m t D. CountI M one lCl m s V: l ai H i on' SAC t ie ne M onelcqm sa i tRoc ngham a Hati onbur I xs s as s w l li ga ns ki nd ts g. n Mon lv. w Yo kCi De a% e ofSo ilS r ie, 3 U.. 5 , 0(9 8,h el Ne r r nt ca e vc s 4 6 S 6 8 69 1 7 )te F Supr m e Cour he d t tm unii ldesand l a gove nm e sa e f r ons's c ptbl t e t l ha cpai oc l r nt r f s ' us e i e o pe Se don 1983 la lt .See as Be kl v.Com m on CounclofCi ofCha ls on,63 F. c ibiiy lo r e i re t 3d 29 , 9 (t Ci.1 9 ) Butamuncpaiyma onyf c S c n 1 3 l blt f e 5 2 6 4. r 9 5 . h ii l y l a e e do 98 i ii f n t a y wh e c xe udon ofagove nm e ' polc orc t , t rm a by islwm a r otby t e r nts iy usom whe he de t a ke s hos whos e cso a t ma fil besi t rprsn o fca poiy i lcst ij y'S lv. e dit r cs y ary ad o e e e t fiil lc,nf t he nur. pel i ' Mc n e, 2 F.d 1 8 , 38 ( h Ci. 9 7 (uo gM o l 4 U. a 6 4 . hi t ba il8 4 2 3 0 1 5 4t r 1 8 ) q dn nel 36 S. t 9 ) W l he , e t lc 'i g ne al f nd ft mu cpa o dna egz rg a ns't eofe i T l y' f iy' s e r l ou d' nii l r i nc o ) e uldo y h fndng f i ' po y il ' po c m a fas be f y flo ound i f m a ori o= a a hocf iy'c c ordecsonsofm unii l n or l nf ld polc hoi es ii cpa ofiila hozzedt ma a i plm e m unii lpolc 'JLBe a eM onella lt fca ut i % ke nd m e nt cpa ip' 1 c us l ibiiy -. o yatc swh nt munii lye csofiilpoiyta cussac nsiuina i uy, nl ta he e he cpai nat fca l h t a e o ttto lnjt t c fla tt a t c onl whe e t de ii a rpos es esfnala hort t esa ih fibiiy ta hes y r he c sonm ke s s i ut iy o t bls m unii lpolc wih r pec t t a don or r d.' m ba v.Ci ofCi i t,475 U . cpa i y t es t o he c de e 'Pe ur nc nna i S. 4 9 48 ( 9 6 . 6 , 1 1 8) Thecot l ut ookst s a elw whe det rnilng i a of i lha fna polc aki o tt a n e r ri f n hc a d i l iym ng Nx a hort .Seei a 48 W e nerv. be a l Ct .V a,N o,3: c 00046,2018W L ut iy ds t 39 i Al m re y, . 17- v5Athz tbl h, tm a s e c r di t y t ttz Nur eD e e nt c n be sa e a t s f S cdon 1 3 pum os sbut s us i y e m onta c or ha le s f nda s a t t c or or e 98 e pot nda l prva e a t sf m ed c lmal a dc pum os s Tli citnc i a iesf o t o i m oft c m sa e ly i t c or or i a pr c e e . zs lsi ton rs r m he zg' he bi nd de e es howe r Tieco tl kst f der l1w t de e mi who i a sa e a t f Se do 1 3 pum os s M e c l f ns , ve . z ur oo o e a a o t r ne s t t c or or c n 98 e . di a m apr c ie howe er i a sa e cqm . r ' ' lw de e m i who m a a t t m s l sofs r i n i lniy f l a tc , v , s t t li Vigml a t r nes a y va' he eve l ove è g mm l t or m e l lm apr c ke. ci ca l a t ' 5 2 7 , t* ( . VaJ n. 4, 0 8. eutmaef u si iwh te t g f aqwa a 4 9 9 a 5 W D. .a 2 2 1 )Th li t d e t s eh t he ofkil s q on fnalpolc a rf t l l ove nm e i gpqtiulra e ,oron apa éc a i s .' i iym ke oz he oca r nt n -c a t a t r ulr s ue' W en r 2 8W L 5 29 , t* (u gLa v. ro 66 F. x1 5 1 7(t Ci. ie, 01 4 79 a 5 q oén ne Andes n, 0 App' 8 , 9 4h r 01 ) I ma igt tdee i to t ec r f t o t t rlva lg lmaeil, 6 . n kn ha t = nai n, h ou t d l ok o he ee nt e a tras mus i l ng s a e a l a posévelw,aswel a c t otus geha ng t f c oflm ' ncudi t t nd oc l i a l s usom a vi he oz e a : li ikv. c . ofCi of rs t 2 8F.d 5 8 5 3 (t Ci. 0 0 . o e ve,Ta tddc S h Bd. Po tmou h, 3 3 1 , 2 4 h r 2 0 ) M r o t f j g m unii lpolc m a be pr cpa i y y onounc ort i a r lc ed i e t rac i ori cton,et r ed act nd efe t n ihe ton na i ihe wa ,(jèj nd fmus alg i wih fc l pe i t, ah rt n b ba ea d c l o y y a bi f t le e t t a ma s cf y r t e ha y r n oncus r ki sae nt. Val CiyofNe Yo k 6 F. u 3 41 , 31(. N. 2 4 ( ena ttme s' iv. t ' w r , 8 S pp. d 2 4 SD. Y. 01 ) i r l nt , ctdo a q a nso te ) Fi l ,f s ta ans ag venme a o fc zi l sofkil ia ns nd uotdo mit d . nal < ui g i t o r ntl fie n z f a y a i c pa iyi t s mea as i a ans g je ét o whih g qofie i a a e , nd t t a ct s he a s ut g i t t n y f c t he he fc r s n g nt a ha v co yi s c a ofkilc pa iyszti e la it o t e dt t tgh ofie) it r n u h n f a- a ct t mpos s ibl y n he n y ha t e fc r i i tprsns'M c l nv Mon o Ct.Al.5 0U.. 1 7 5n. (9 7 (leainsi e ee t. Mia . r e y, a, 2 S 78 , 8 2 1 9 ) atrto n ; l o ii l ( e n l uotto a ctto o te ) rgna) i r k q a ins nd iains mit d . nt Hi onuli tl alg st a t pol yc li d o wa apoiy ofHRRJ xs tmaey l e h t he i ompane f s lc e c : f antf alg d t tHRRJha apo iy pe . . c e o a . . . o a ofd nyng f i if l e ha pl e d lc , z . Huth s n nd . Dr M r n, e i i mae . . ibe me cdonb cus oft hkhc toft tmel ain. P1sConsl na ts . da dc dia e a e he os ha cc to ' . i ' ' o. Rep. . nii lDes' . s s rf ii lDes MTD Opp.)ECF No. 5 , s Opp Mu cpa f.MotDimis Muncpa f. ', ' 16 a 1 Hi o i algn t t10t Huth s n a Dr M o a we epo iy a e sf rHIRJ t 3. xs n s le i g ha 3 h c e o nd . r n r lc m k r o L , whi H i on c m s c e t la lt f t M unii lD e enda sunde M onel ch, xs bi , z a es ibiiy or he cpa f nt r l. 12 1 . M uni i l aa lt f H RRJ cpa Iibiiy or TheS alg st tJ Jwa are i lal' de Va Cod An j5 11 5 AC le e ha T HRR s rgona ji' un r . e n. 3.- 0 . ' S !1 2 a t tHuc s wa t jia miitao,d !1 . xs c zetynoe AC 3 , nd ha theon s he al d nstttL, 26 Hi on otcl ts . a t a Vigni lw t qut stgona ji s pe i e e st T t ha ea p ie a lw a h t t i a a e ie e i lal u tntnd nt o f c s t tc s s o s pu ta on bypo sbe.. s h cot nga me ii a ma ben c sa y'l ! 1 7 e s a l si l . uc l hi nd dcne s y e e st . d.( 2 ' (mp ssor te )(uo Va Cod An j5 1 1 6. xsnas c re t qu tswho e hai nitd q éng . e n. 3.- 2 )Hi o lo o rcl oe y pa f t m e c ton: ys or he di a i F n ie orie m d sae nt ofa c un fo e c ve do ofs h . . j vo c s tmie tt me s c o t r m a h n z uc . me cne s lbeobane b t s rf o jis pei e nta p ee e dii s hal ti d y he heif r al u rntnde nd r sntd f pa ent t t gove ni body of t ct or count or i t c s of or ym o he r ng he iy y , n he a e rgona jis t r gona ji a ho iy or i no ,t tbod t s i e f r e i l al, he e i l al ut rt , f ne ha y eponsbl o t e fs a ma ge ntoft er gon lji , c s albe r s nsb ef t e h ic l na me h e i a al whih h l e po i l or h s pa e t r . ym nt he eof I !1 (e o atrtoni orgna)(mph sso ate )(uod Va Co Ann. 5 .d. 31 sc nd leai n ii l e ai nitd q ng . de j 31 1 ) 26 . ButHi on nns pple t lw i concudi t t M unii lD ef nda sm us be xs ia is he a n l ng hat he cpa e nt t t uli epolc a r f M onelpur es Unde Viginalw,t uli a e ope a orof he tmat iym ke s or l pos . r r ti a he tm t rt ajimus et e bear go lal ut rt o boa d s eVa CodeAnn. 5 1 1 6A) o al t ih r e i na jia ho iy r r , e . j 3.- 0 ( , r t s rf, e i . 5 1 1 62 I et rc s , muncp lyi no t o r t roft e)1 he heif s e d j 3.- 1 .. n ihe a e a ii ai s t he pe ao h *7 t a, a dc n b hedla l un rMo lfrtepoiisi ttze b t ji S eSrcd zv. n a pot e l ibe de nel o h l e nsit d y he al e tile c t . W aes 9 9F. 1 7 , 3 0(t Ci. 9 3 (iynotl beun tMo lfrs rf' tz, 8 2d 3 5 1 9 4h r 1 9 ) ct i l de nel o heifs a o rto ofji; as nv. e ,1 5F.d6 2 6 7( h Ci. 9 )(o t n l bl peain al Gt o Pe d 9 3 9 , 9 4t r1 99 c uny oti e l a und rM o l f rs rf o y do ofji ; r li v. l z N o. 1 - 0 0 4 20 6 e nel o heips pea n al Tho nll A o , 3:5 CV- 0 2 , 1 l l / W L 8 3 5 , t* ( D. . b. 9 2 6 (i i aMonel li c t dbep e a ans 7 73 8 a 6 W. Va Fe 1 , 01 ) fndng lclm oz l ld g i t t er gona jia h iy . h e i lal ut ort) 13 Uns tsngy,t c thasbee una et f d a c s i whih aM onelpli if um ii l he out n bl o m ny a e n c l antf c mpli ngofi uisaii ou ofa alg dpoiyi argona jih sse t o ani njre tsng t n l e l n e i lal a u d he e c mulcpaiyt s nsbe f t ûs a ma g me oft et go lalI ta t e e tii l e po i l oz he c l na e nt l e i na ji. nse d, h s t a pli f iva bl s t tgo lal ut rt o bo t His naft é l alg st t anéfsn da y ue he e ina jia hoiy z ad. x o flma vey l e ha e HRRJi argon lji Ass h, nyM o ll bit frtealge p iisofHuc s s ei a al uc a . neli ly o h l d ol e a i e c theon a dDr Mo a e tn p yt t tgon ljiboado a t rt n . rn xe ds nl o he e i a al t r uho ip6 Ator la g e ,H i on count t t tSe don 53. 1 s s st pos i zt a t um nt xs e ed ha c 1- 26 ugge t he sbi y t a amuncpaiyc n o t t atgona ji z li o t f lo n ln a e frl ht ii l a pea e e i lal eyng n he ol wig a gu g :fl he t , r go lal u ho iyo ,fno , ha bo yr s nsbl f rt hs a ma g me oft e e i na jia t rt t i ne t t d e po i e o he c l na e nt h r go l al . . h lb r s i ef rt ep y n of' eti ivo c s Va Cod Ann. e i na ji . s al e eponsbl o h a me t 'c ran n ie . . e s j5 1 1 . xs a gu st a t Tfno 'lng a ela so n t a iiyofa 3.- 26 Hi on r e h t he f ne'a u g e ve pe he blt i muncp l yt nz ar gon lal ii ai o n e i a ji. t Hi on r snt m r sSe i 53. 1 Tha Se ton c xs nii e et cton 1- 26. t c i once nspa m e ofc r an r y nt e t i ivoc s n telg lo rtrofargo lalNotby t S cbnzqle t T y n ie , ot h e a peao e ina ji. a l,he e t e li s he f r bod r s nsbef rt fs a ma g me oft erg o a jig' o pa f rt ivo ie , tt e po i l o he ic l na e nt h e i n lal 't y o he n v c s no he b yz s il f t eo r éon o t er gon lji od e ponsb e or h pe a f l e i a al a . I ta , c on5 .-06go enst lga opeao o argo lala ma ae nse d Se d 311 v r he e l r tr f eina ji nd nd ts , ta Teahrgo lal ..hal spevsdo ma g db abo t o a ho ip'I . h t tjc eina ji. s lbe u rie r na e y ad r ut rt ' d g 6 c ueHis nh s tse t HRR b ado a toiy t cu ta e n p sd na t wheh rta b r o Bea s x o a no u d he . o r r ul zt,he o r tk s o o io s o te h t oad r J z a hort i a e bl t s t '' ec tnot ,ho e ,c lc g c e1 w on t tis .Com a eD aesv. s Re 7 ut iy s m na e o ui.Ih our es w ver onfi e as a ha s ue r l Ha i Ji 2 1 WL71 8 7 , t 1( D. . c 8 2 1)(imis gcqm a ansrgo a jib n t gt tf al 0 6 , 6 2 8 a * W. Va De . , 0 6 ds si li g i i ein lal ut oi ha < n n a g v rme tl ndy sc a argo ajia toiyi l beu e j1 8 o lwhe t e t isli af o igfze o en na e t,u h s ein lal uh rt,si l nd r 9 3 ny n he néy tefs m vn oc' a b hndted pia n) Ne r u hv. e mo t glal t , . :0 6 e i h e r do '; wb o g Pid n Re'liAuh.No 31 CV8 7HEH, 0 2WL 1 9 1 1 , t 2 v 21 23 70a * ( D. .a 1 , 0 2 (ot gt ap r clrrgo a jia hoi R a l g tdnols t nhfent si'te E. VaJn. 2 2 1) n i l ad ua e in lal ut ry h si ae esha te i n'h n ut t d me Eatm Ditc o Vi iilwi Pnne v BleIig Re '11Auh, . :7c -0 3 , 0 7WL3 2 9 3 a * se sr t f r na, t itr . u td e gla1 t.No 61 -v0 0 4 2 1 i g h 75 9,t5 ( D . . g 2 , 0 7 (odn ta argo ujia to yfsn tsbet osiu d zj1 8 bea s ii a am W. VaAu . 9 2 1) h llg h t ,einlal uh dt f o u jc t ut n e 9 3 cu ets n r i o teCo n at o Vigni'a dc l c n c ss. fh mmo wel f ri a' n ol d g ae) h e . '* '' v * ' 14 j5 .- 0 (mphai a e )Tl sln a ei ma dao y Se éon 5 1 1 6la sn t m 31 1 6 e ss dd d . l a gu g s n t r . è i 3.- 0 e ve o oo f amu cpaiyt o rt ar gon lji Mo e ve , x oni no e t tS ci 5 .- 0 or nii l o peae e i a a1 r o r Hi s g r s ha e t 3 1 1 6 t . on al seihe a a hozt ptaboad t l n az go lalThemos nam a z a ig o t low t t n ut iy r o ' e ina ji. u t t l e dn f he - lng a ea is i t ti az go l ali g vene b abo r , he t n a a hort, a u g t sue s ha f e ina ji s o z d y a d mt r ha n ut iy te t f yts nsbef rt hsa ma g me oft zgo lal's lpa frt h n he t bod epo il o he cl na e nt he e ina jig' hal y o he i ces nvoi . The c e upon whih H i on r isa s f i t s l geli cni sa i tt as s c xs ele lo al o ava ls l m gans he M unii lD ef ndant .Hi on' r lanceon Thot l v. l ,N o.3: - 00024,201 cpa e s xs s ei nhil A or 15 CV6 WL 8 7 5 ( . Va Fe 1 , 1 ) i e pe il miplc d, sTho nnls ppo t t s 73 3 8 W D. . b. 9 20 6, s s cal s a e a y r li u rs hi l cour' anal i .Hi on i c rai y c r ctt tt Thor nl fcom pli pl usbl al d ts yss xs s e t nl or e ha he nlil f ant a i y lege t tt s rntnd n wa ap iy k ra t jia ho ip'Mu cpa De s MTD Opp. ha he upei e e t s ol ma e t he al ut rt ' nii l f. c 1 (iigTho nnl 2 6K 8 3 5 , t* ) s eas Tho n l 2 6K 8 37 5 , t* 5 ctn r li, 01 l 7 73 8 a 79 e lo r hi, 01 l 7 38a 6 (Thec u tfnd t tt c mpli c ti s fiintfc u lalg donst s ppo t he < f o r i s ha he o lnt on ans u fce a t a l a e o u rt csm t tt e ewa a ofkil l yofdei r t i ifr nc a CVR ,s cfc l ba e li ha h r s n f a poi c l ae nd fee e t J pe iial s d be y o gh s pei tnde 'ji c i a ispo iy a e . Bu , si r lva hee t a i al n t e u rn e nts na tons s t lc m k r' t a s ee nt z , h t s l ). Tho nllhed A rgo lal u rntnd n i apoiy k rf rtergo lala t zt. r nl l: e ina jis pei e e t s l ma e o h e ina ji uhoiy i c The ei no s ge ton t ar g ona s znt nde i apolc m a rf t c tm tve r s ug si hat e i l upe i e nt s iy ke oz he onsi i me z oft r gon lal ut ort . n fc , h Tho nhl pan fdd no s t mbe s he e i a jia h iy l a t t e z i li df i t ue he l c dt i m em be s ons utve r. Fo t es mer a o Hi s n' a pe l oNe o g v. e mo Re i na l i r h a e s n, x o s p a t wbr u h Pid nt go l al Au h iy 8 2 F. u p. d 5 8( D. . 01 ) va ae i pa to ot rg ou by2 1 t ort, 2 S p 2 5 E. Va 2 1, c t d n r n he t nds 0 2 W L 1 31 0( D. . a 1 , 01 ) f r sno betr Ag i t eNe ou h p an fs d 29 71 E. Va J n. 2 2 2 , a e te. an, h wbr lidf ue 15 t tgo lala t tt- no t c nsiu vemuncpaie . wb o hh l t ta te he eina ji uho iy t he o tté ii lt sNe t u ed ha, t h i m oéon t cimi ssa f he Com tca t as bl i e:t t a t hi sua dng of e o ls s t ge, f t n e ona y nf ha , s he ghe t nl ûc t a Pid o y e ina l iAut ott) S pe it n n To ysa t a e it c ns ue t e m nt go l al l iy, u rn e de t ne ' c s nd dcs o ét t d a o f a poiy. L.a 5 6 Ac o dngy Ne z ug fundt tt tgon ljia hott wa fkil lc ' d t 8 . c t i l, wb o h o ha he e i a al ut iy s ' a rs e ponsbl f t polc e ofiss rnt ndentunde M one lI The e i not ng i i e or he ii s t upe i e r l. d. z s hi n Ne o h s g s ng t tt c nsiuiemuncpai swe eas s jc t Mo l wbr u ug e d ha he o tt t v ii l de r lo ub e t o nel la lt ibiiy. Addi donal Hi on c am st tSe ton 53. 1 c ea e a fduca yr ltons p ly, xs li ha c i 1- 26 r t d i i r ea i hi bet n Hut hes a t M unii lD e enda s s t tt M unii D ef nda s wee c on nd he cpa f nt, uch ha he cpal e nt d r t Es la t e he ca gent a t p!- e i sf wli h t e polc e coul be desgne t we s nd he )y ntée or zc hes l ii s d i d o . benef ' M unii lD e s'M TD Opp.17. h. ' cpa f . Ote c ursh vec sd rda rjce smi tagu nt.nAlao Gaca h r o t a on iee nd ee td i l r me s l fr - ri, a pl i fa gue f ha be us H e co Count f andf t d f t ca e mi t y undst ope adon oft s rf of ze t he r he he ips f , he s rf' enf c m entofi m i a i de ane snec s rl consi t apolc ofH e i o he ifs or e ' m gt ton t i r es a iy tm es iy ntc Count is l. Ala o- a ci,2016W L 53889 a *8;g M unii lDef.M TD Opp 15 y t ef' fr G r a ' 46, t i cpa s' . rpli ifpldt tHRRJSpoiywa fil atiutbet M uncp l fnd nt)t f antf e ha ' lc s ary trb a l o iia Dee a s,he sa or fs a a e sofHRR r s onsbl f rpa i imaeme iain. Reyn on tmt y ic l g nt J e p i e o yng n t dc to ' li g ). S rc lr Ala o Ga car try' ee tdt sagu ntI f t u h Vigni lw ma tike , ft - r i f el'rjce hi r me . d.f ho g z i a a y ut Al ob g t t Ciyt pr vdef zt ph sc l pk e oft ali d sn r n rt Ciy h a e he t o o i o he y ia u e p hel i t oe ot e de he t , la l f t opeai wihi- t ti t s l u ve ofg s rfl'I ( uo g ib e or he r t ons t n ha s he o e r iw t heif. d. q dn he ' Se e v. ofRih le r Ci c mond No. :2 v 41 2 1 W L 3 5 41 > i* ( D. . g 1 , > 31 c 4 > 0 2 5 5 2 a 8 E. Va Au . 6 16 20 2 Thi c tr a t e :hefc t tt Mun cpa De e a sf ncal s pote HIRJ 1 :. s o zt g e s t a t ha he ii l fnd nt i il up td L na y i i ufki ,i a ofis f t i put M onella 'iy on t M unii lD e enda s s ns f ent n nd tel, o m e l ibl t l he cpa f nt . I s u e Vigni lw, jima o l beo rtdb argona ji a t rt o n um, nd r ri a a a al y ny peae y e i lal uhoiy r î à bo r o byas rf. hl t os e t sma bes bjc t M o lla l y t r i no bai a d, r heif W i h e n de y u e t o nelibit ,he e s e i ss upon whi h t ext nd s h Ea lt t t M uni i lD ef nda s c o e uc biiy o he cpa e nt . D r M or . an Fi ly,Dr M or n' alged polc ofr usng t gi dibe i a e i uln doe nal . a s le i y ef i o ve a dc nm t s ns i s notti rM onella lt f t M unii lD ef nda s f m uch t s m er as as tgge l ibiiy or he cpa e nt, or he a e ons dicus e a s s d bove. be s e H i on pl a t tD r M or n w a a e pl ee of To ur , xs e ds ha . a s n m oy Ro kig m.S ! 1 , 0 ; Ans rofDesHuc e o S rel Mo a ECF c n ha ; AC ! 01 1 6 Am. we f. th s n, ho tl& rn, No. 1 !6. tfc, we e, e n e t sor. 4 , Tha a tho v rdo s ot nd he t y His n agu st t< . orn wa t fn ld cso k ra HRR wiht g r t x o r e ha T M a s he i a e ii nma e t J t e a ds o Dr pr s rbi dibe m e c don t i uln- pe ntdibetcs' M unii lD ef . ' O pp. e c i ng a dc dia o ns i de nde a i . ' c pa s M FD 1 (i gS ! 1 9 1. ute, x o cnmst tDy Mo a wa (lefna 6 cén AC ! 3 Q ) Ft h r His n li ha . rn s Tl i l t decsonm a rwih z ga dst or rng dibeéc m e c don a whe he Roc i m ii ke t e t o de i a dia nd t z km ngha gr . . rio ur wouda obt c t ofda dcmel a n ( ldigi li) oj . Hars nb g l bs z he oss ibe ci do i u n nszn c nc l b c us ,n e ai, r e ig da t me iai i i e dc bl fom t ct/c unt pa i e a e i tr l o d rn ibei dc ton s n xt a e r he iy o y yng a c f rs i me iai 'I a 1 (i ngS ! 1 2 43 . x o c ncud st tt S f t o ad d c ton. d. t 7 cd AC ! 4 - ) His n o l e ha he AC f ' a la tplusbys g e ts t tDr M orn wa t f ld cso k rwihz g r t e s a il u g sg ha . a s he ma e ii nma e t e a ds o j p e c n a or rn dibei m e iai t tt M un cpa De e n s wo l beon r s dbig nd dei g a tc dc ton ha he ii l fnda tj ud , t eho f ' d (ia onso te ) h ok on'1 . ctd mitd . 7Ator la gu e Hi on i caed t tdic ver s e t D r M or n i a t ly c r l by SHP.I tal g do i a r m nt xs ndi t ha s o y ugg s s . a s c ual ont ol ed 'ha le a n s noti t S C, we r a t c twil c i i. n he A ho ve , nd he our l not onsder t Hi o sag me h st c mpo nt:1 Dt Motnwa t f l iy k rf xsn' ru nt a wo o ne s () . a s he i pol ma e ot na c HIRJwi rg t t ptstbngdibe me ia n, nd()DrMotnwa t h l L t e ad o ecii a dc dc do a 2 . a s he na h pol y k tf rHRRJwi r g r t ot e i ca d me ia Net tc i ma e o c t e ad o d tng l be c dc éon. ihe ompone h i nt sa esa M onelcem a tt l li gdns t M utii lD ef nt . t he lcpa enda s Forptm os ofam oéon t dimi s t c ta e st tD r M or n w a t ina z es o s s , he our cc pt ha . a s he i l poiy k rf rHRRJwihr g r t pr s rb n dibei me ia ButHi on' l ma e o c t e a d o e c ii g a tc d c éon. xs s alg t i t a Dr M o a wa t efna poiy ke f rHRRJ Ast c ur c ncud d l ai s h t . r n s h i l lc ma r o e on . he o t o l e a ve t eutmaeo r t rofHRRJmus et rb t r go lb r oza t rt o t bo , h li t pe ao t ihe e he e i na oa d u ho iy r he s rf . he if The c thasa t dy hed t M onella lt ,t t e e i exit ,a t chest one our lea l hat l ibiiy o he xt nt t ss ta o oft eenddes a nott M unii lD ef hos - nd he cpa enda s Tha hol ng doesnotc nge be us nt. t di ha ca e H i on c lm st alged polc c m ef om D r M oz n i t ad ofH ut he on. xs l i he le iy a r . a nse c s Thecour i notr quied t a e t D r M or n wa t fna pohc a r f ts e r o cc pt hat . a s he i l ym ke or HIRJwihrg r t o dei da t me c to ho ve, e a s bysaat t ji L t e ad o r rng ibei diain, we r b c u e tt e he al . c z s pei t n nto s e if sr s il. . u rn e de r h rf i e ponsb e Va CodeAnn j5 .- 26 His a n isa muc . 3 1 1 . x on d at s h. S eS !1 7(u gVa Cod Ann. 5 .-2 ) Mul i l f. FD Opp. 6 Asa e AC 2 q odn . e j 311 6; ri pa Des M' c 1. m a t roflw,D r M or n c nnotbe t f a polc a rf or rng di be m edi don. te a . a a he m l iym ke or de i a éc ca Even i hewe e,t cout ha ar a he d t tt M unii lD ef nda sca f r he t s le dy l ha he cpa e nt nnotbela e ibl u e Mo l f rt me ia n o dei poiisofHRRJ nd r nel o he dc éo r tng l e c . 11 . 1 Concl i us on Hi on' al ga i a e s fcentt de t N ur eD e e nt'm odon t dinns xs s le tons r ufii o ny he s f nda s o s is i ise ie y butH i on f ist pl d cli sa ns t M unii lD e enda s The c ut n t ntt t , xs al o ea nm gai t he cpa f nt. ok wilD EN Y t N ur eD ef nda s m oéon t dinns . l he s e nt ' o s i s Thecour V I GRAN T wih t I t 18 prj c teMu cpa Dee da t' eudie h nii l fn n smodo t ds s. n l ,hec urwil ns o imisFial t o t lGRANT y wiho pr j c d fnd nt Huthe on a S rel moto t d s as , st S d s t ut eudi e e e a s c s nd ho tls i n o in is a he AC oe ' notcont i c/m sa i tt m . an li gans he a &- ö 3 - a / -l l Ent r d: ee 2. ee2 *f ' # . : * ,y, .t, : ;' : . . . M i lF.Ur ns ' chae ba Cli Unie St , sD iti -l dg -.--e lef t d a srct p . -- -' e .' ' ,. . 19
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