Sprint Communications Company, L.P. v. Ntelos Telephone, Inc., No. 5:2011cv00082 - Document 90 (W.D. Va. 2012)

Court Description: AMENDED MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Michael F. Urbanski on 8/6/12. (jat)

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*:; :Q'' G M I * %DI @ ATMA : QKRV KKIQNB X I TH E U NITED STA TES DISTRICT CO UR T N *R FOR THE WES TERN DITRI OFVI NI S CT RGI A Ak g7 1 1 H A RR I SON BUR G DIVISI N O W SPR I C O M M U NICA TIO N S NT C OM PA NY ,L. , P. c U . . R C K x Pl nt f ai if, Ci lA cton N o.5: vi i 11cv00082 V. N TELO S TELEPH O N E INC . , By: Mi chaelF.U rbans ki Uni ed St esD i ri Judg t at st ct Def endant . AM ENDED M EM O R AN DUM O PI IO N N Thi matri beor t c r oncos motonsfrs s te s f e he ou t r s i o ummayj dgme fldby li if r u nt ie antf Sprn Co it mmuniai Compan L. ,(s i )a dee n Nt osTee c tons y, P. d nf' nd fnda t el lphonel spr nc. (Ã» C NTELOS' ( . 50& 5 ,a dNTELOS'moi t sa a rf t caet t F d r ' Dkt# ) 7) n ton o ty nd eerhe s o he eal Commu c tonsCo si ($ ' ( . 64.Thepa te ha bree t is s a orl niai mmison $ FCC' Dkt# ) ) ris ve ifd he sue , nd a ar gumentw ashel on M ar 2,201 Fort r d ch 2. he easonss f t bel ,t cr m oton f et orh ow he oss i or smmayj u r udgmen aeDENI a NTELOS'motont sa a r frt smatrt teFCC tr ED nd i o ty nd ee hi te o i G R AN TED . s 1. Si atl 2002, Spri ,a l dit nce east nt ong sance t ephone car i , hasus d t l el rer1 e he ocal tlph sr ce pr de byNTELOS, l a e ha ec rir($ ',f l di a e ee one evi s ovi d a oc l xc ng are $ LEC' or ong nc ) calsorgi i and t m i i i t NTELOS s ce ar i t W eser D iti of igi a. l i natng er natng n he ervi ea n he t n srct r ni Sprntcont i endst ti wasover ged f l t ephone ser cespr ded by ? ha t char or ocal el vi ovi kTEL S and 1Ass h ca re stans i l dit nce c lsbe we l l eep uc ri r r m t ong sa a l t en oca t l honeexc ange ,t y a e r f red t a h s he r e e r o s itrx h n ec rir (Ã» 2' . n ee c a g a res Ã»X(s' l ) s e ar und ofmor t n $3. m ilon f s r iebe we nJ y21 2007a Oc ob r31 e ks ef e ha 9 li or e vc t e ul , nd t e , 2009. Tel ecom m uni i car i s,s asN TELOS,f l t if whi upon FCC appr , catons rer uch ie arf s ch, oval gover t rr e s r t e and esabls pr n hei at t uc ur t ih ocedur f or i a car i ' ser ce. See M Cl es or derng rer s vi t ' ' Tee o Cor v.Domi onCo lc mm. p. ni mmc' Cop.98 F.Sup 1 1 ( D. Y.1 97) Taif n r, 4 p. 85, 87 S. N. 9 . rfs ha be de i da C se i l ofr t slons cfe tr ,ie wiht FCC a s jc ve en fne s t sntaly fes o el pe iid ems fld t he e nd ube t t modiiai ordia o b i. Ca o fc ton spprval y t' hnman v.Sprn Cor ,1 F. 48 487(t Ci. ' n it p. 33 3d 4, 7h r 1 ) On Se e rl 20 NTELOS c nc r d i t eI 998 . ptmbe 8, 02, o ure n h CORE,l c. rf F. C. 2 n Ta if C. No. ISCORE Ta if' fld wiht FCC f t pr son a d bilngofiss r ce .Sprnta l e S I rf ) ie t he or he ovii n li t e vi s i leg s t fom t tm e ofN TELOS'concur ence i t I hat r he i r n he CORE Ta f untlN ovem ber2009, rif i N TELO S bil Sprnt and Sprntpai N TELO S,f l t ephone ser ces a a r t i e s led i , i d or ocal el vi t a e n xces he posesoft sm oton, Sprntconcedest hi i oft aut i by t I RE Tarf 2 Fort pur hÃ t horzed he CO if. i hat f om 2002 t Oct r o ober31,2009,i or ed,wasbil and pai f l acces s ceson a per t der led d or ocal s ervi mi t pe mieba i rfre t a Ta m Swic edTrns t(E '. Sprntnow ase t nue r l ss eerd o s nde th a por t TST' 3 i ) srs t tt I ha he CORE Ta ifp ec ude bilng a TST r t sa r q r t ti be c r d a l r ta rf r l s li t a e nd e uies ha t ha ge owe , l t rt f d diae sr i r fre t asDie tTr e Trns t($ '.Sprntague t t ae or e ctd e vce eerd o rc unk d a por ( DTT' ) i r s ha t pl n l he ai anguage oft I he CORE Tarifand applcaton oft fl r e docti 4r iet f i i he ied at rne equ r he 2Sprn c a mst tNTELOS o bil d Sprntf rl a a ce ss vi sfom t tme t I i t l i ha ver le i o oc l c s er ce r he i he CORE Ta ifw a rf s ado e byNTELOS i 2002untl cobe 31 2009, rc z st tiscam f r undofove pa m e si ptd n iO t r , but e ognie ha t li or ef r y nt s Im ie t ovt c r sas e s d wihi t yea sofflng t sa ton. i t d o r ha ge s s e t n wo r ii hi c i 3Onbre a da or lagume , S i tdip e NTELOS'a s r i t ti o y or r d l ala ct s s vieson a if n t a r ' nt prn s ut d s e ton ha t nl de e oc c s er c TST ba i.Fort pur e oft smoi a isagume c e ni t fld rt d ti ,Sjrntha tke t ss he pos s hi ton nd t r nt onc r ng he ie ae ocrne i s a n he p ii tath i o dee l la e ss r ie i ir e ntunde t fld rt d ti Thec tsopi o oston h ow t r rd oca cc s e vc s s relva r he ie ae ocrne. our' nin r fe t t is e a fa e by t pa te f t pu os soft smoton onl an d no r pr e a f ct e l c s he s u s r m d he ri s or he m e hi i y, d oes t e es nt a ual fn ng b t c ta t wha s r c Sprn a t ly or r d. i di y he our s o t e vies i t c ua l de e 4t'efldrt d crn p o ie t a t rfsfldwi t e(ne saeCo r eCo sin aelwf l o al Ef i ae o tie r vd s h t a if i t h l trtt mmec mmiso ) r a u f r 1 -h e e h p r o e a dbidn wi t ef r eo lw u ls te(n esaeCo r eCo si n d ca e t etrf t b u p s s n n ig t h o c f a n e s h l trtt mme c mmiso ) e lrs h aif o e h unlw f orunr as bl ' Bea h v.AtasV a Li l . Nos 2: 76 CW H,2: 7- 6l CW H , a ul e ona e. ' c l n nes nc , . 07- 40 28 2002 W L 8 0 5 9 a * ( SC. a . , 0 8 ; e I r Cao i Mo o Ex rs . n .9 9F.d 1 7 1 9( t Ci. 9 ) 6 2 3 , t 3 D. . M r 31 2 0 ) s e n e r l na t t n e s l c, 4 2 0 , 0 4 h r 1 91 c r t grn ismoi f s mmar j me a a r ida ge .NTELOSc nt stat ou to a t t ton 0r u y udg nt nd wad t ma s ou er h Sprnt scl m i bar ed by N TELO S'2003 Chapt ll bankr cy or, aler i y,s d be i ' ai s r er upt t natvel houl sa da r erdt t FCC und rt docrneofprmayj idito Ast t meisof tye nd efre o he e he ti i r urs cin. o he rt Spri ' cl m ,NTELO S cont nt s ai endst Sprntwasbil and pai f t l t ephone s vi hat i led d or he ocal el er ces i or ed,and t Sprnti oblgat t pay f t e s vi t der hat i s i ed o or hos er ces. lI . NTELOSmove f s s or ummayj me , r nga cam Spi ha r ae t r udg ntagui ny li rnt d eltd o N TELO S'bilng p a tc f l i a pto oft e I li r c i es olow ng do i n h CORE Ta ifwa dic r d i N TELOS' rf s s ha ge n 2003 Chapt llbankrupt y pr er c oceedi N TELOS as ert t Sprnt salega i i t scas ng. s s hat i ' l tons n hi e sem f om N TELO S'f l e t s ich t DTT bilng upon adopton oft t ifon Sept ber t r aiur o w t o li i he arf em t s al e 1 ,2 5 A c (r ng t NTELOS, hi f iur , w hi h o c r d pr o t t f lng ofN TELO S' 8 002. c )di o c c ur e i r o he ii bankr Ã§y petton on M ar h 4,2003,gaverie t Sprnt scl m ,orrghtofpaym ent i upt ii c s o i ' ai i ,n bankrupt H ow ever Sprntf l t as er any s cl m i N TELOS'bankr c cy. , i aied o s t uch ai n upt y pr oceedi des t havi r ved w rten notce oft f lng oft bankr cy pe ii Thus, ng, pie ng ecei it i he ii he upt tton. N TELO S ar ,any cl m Spri had w asdichar by vit oft confim aton oft gues ai nt s ged rue he r i he Cha er11 r gani i pl i August2003 and Sprnts caus ofacton f l as am aterof pt eor zaton an n i ' e i ais t 1w 6 a ( i n Lo ivi e& Na h i eR. Co. . x l 2 7U.. 4 9 ( 91 ), e do o h rc o n ss bn m. ct g us l i l s v l R. v Ma wel 3 S 9 , 7 1 5 ) rv' n t e r u d u o l , Retrv Co o r 5 7U. 2 2( 9 3 ;seas Am. l & Te . v Ce tOfieTe.l c, 2 U. 21 2 2 i . o e , 0 S. 5 1 9 ) e lo Te. lCo. . n . fc l n .5 4 S. 4, 2 e . (9 8 (j yn tete u ol ti drt d crn ' so itdwi te(nesaeCommec Acltrf 1 9 )a plig h Ã§ nty- d fl ae o tie as cae t h ltrtt c e h re t aif p o ii n '.t ,teCo n c to sAc) r v so s o1h mmu lai n t. ' ; ' . . . 5 w ih r s c onl t t smoton, NTELOS doe notc e tSp i ' l ga t ol SeeN TELO S'M e I t e pe t y o hi i s onts rnts e l he ' y. m. n Supp t M ot f Sum m . . Dkt # 5l a 2 n. Thus t c t l a c tSprn ' a l tonsa t u f or of . or J , . , t 1. , he our wil c ep i t s lega i s r e or pur e oft sa l i. pos s hi na yss 6Unde Fe r Rul ofCi lPr d e 5 ,tec utt al rn smmay u g n ite v n so ta tee r de al e vi oce ur 6 h o rÃ§h ljat u r j d me tfh mo a th ws hth r s in g n iedsuea t a ymaeilat n temo a tse tldt jd me ta amatro lw. S eCeoe s o e un ip t s o n tra fc a d h v n I nie o u g n s t fa ' e ltx t e ' Co p. Car t, 7 U. 31 , 2 ( 98 ) Ne v nv C Co n, 4F.d2 4 2 6 3 ( t Ci. 9 5 .W h n r v. tet4 7 S. 7 3 2 1 6 ; u e . NA r .4 3 3 , 3 - 7 4 h r 1 9 ) e ma ngt sdeem i ton,hec ts ul c ierÃ»hepe di ,de ii ,a wer t it rogao i ,a ki hi tr nai t our ho d onsd t la ngs postons ns s o n er tres nd t a miso so 5l,o eh rwi . . a y afd vt'f e b t ep ris Ceo e , 7 U. . t 2 .W h te afc d s in n e t g t e t . (n l fia i ' i d y h a t . ltx 4 7 S a 3 2 eh r a t h s l e Forispar ,Sprntar t t i guest t r evantconducti notN TELO S'adopton oft hat he el s i he I RE Tarf butr herN TELOS'r CO if at epeat bilng f l t ephone s vi ata r e i ed li or ocal el er ces at n e e soft a au h i d b t I xc s h t t orze y he CORE Ta if Sprntvi w se c bilco ai ng a ove c a ge rf . i e a h l nt ni n r h r asa sepa t actonabl vi a i oft t f ,and t ef e,a s at cl m . l is Second ra e, i e olton he arif her or epar e ai n t Am e ed Co pl i , i a s rs i i e il d t ar f f o r ym e sm a f o J y nd m a nt Sprnt s e t t s ntte o e und or ve pa nt de r m ul 21,2007 t ough Oct hr ober3l,2009,wel aferN TELOS f l isbankr cy petton and t l t ied t upt ii he r o ga z to pl n wasc im e b t ba r t y co t Sprn a gue t e pos- n up c e r ni a i n a onfr d y he nk up c ur . i t r s hes tba kr t y cai ss vi ,r r e sofhow smia t y a et pr - nk up c cai t tma ha bee l m ur ve egadls i lr he r o e ba r t y l ms ha y ve n dic r d. To hol ot r s Sp i ta s rs woul be t gi N TELOS a lc ns t c tnu t s ha ge d he wie, r n s e t , d o ve i e e o on i e o vi a e t l l aferisbankr cy pr olt he aw ong t t upt oceedi concl ngs uded,whi defesbot l gal ch i he pr ecedentand com m on s e. ens A. U ndert Bankr cy Code,t confr aton ofa r gani i pl di char t he upt he im i eor zaton an s ges he de trfo a de aii beor t daeofc nfr ton.11U. C.j11 ( ()A) A bo rm ny bt rsng f e he t o imai S. 41d)1( . t bt'sd fnedasatibiiyonacam, 1lU. C.j1 ( 2 , ndad li 'i d fne a a s 'i ei de ca lt l li ' ' S. 01 1 ) a i am' s ei d s c Ã§i t pa ntwhehe o nots c rgh i rduc dt j dghto yme , t r r u h i t s e e o udgme t lqui td,unlquiae r n,i dae i d td, fxed,contngent m at ed,unm at ed,di put undi put l ,equiabl s ed or i i , ur ur s ed, s ed, egal t e, ecur unsc e .... 11U. C.j 1 ()A) Co esitnd dt sdefnii t b d sbr da e urd ' ' S. 015( . ngrs ne e hi i ton o e i oa s a pos bl notng t (he bilcont pl est a1 l oblgatons oft debt ,no m aterhow si e, i hat t l em at hat l egal i i he or t imaeil e e d o t rlv n sb tnielw,n tonydsue o e fcsh t g tafc teo to o s tra d p n s n he ee at u sa t a a d t l l ip ts v r at ta mih feth uc me f v l tes iu d rteg v rirlw wil r p r peld tee tyo smmayj d me t F cu l ip tsta ae h ut n e h o enn a lpo el rcu e h nr f u r u g n. ata ds ue h t r y iee a t ru n csa w1l o b c u td' An es nv Liet Lo b .n .4 7U. 2 2 2 8(9 6.Th r lv n o n e esy ln t e o ne . d ro . b r b v lc, 7 S. 4 , 4 1 s ) e r ' ' v m o ng pa t be r t l ta bur n ofde vi ry a s he nii l de monsr tng t a e e ofa ge ne i s ofm a e i lf c . Cel e 477 ta i he bs nc nui s ue t ra a t ot x, U . a 323; a n,44 F. a 237 l t tbu de ha be n me , he no m ovi pa t mus t c ef a d S. t N uve 3d t . f ha r n s e t t n- ng ry t hen om onv r a etblhtese ii maeilat i dsuet s riesmmayjd me t Mas siaElc ld sCo v nd sa i h p cfc tra fcs n ip t o uvv u r u g n. tuht e .n u . . . s Ze t RadoCor ,47 U. 5 58 8 ( 98 .H Ieaona ei e e e dr fom t evi nc mus be nih i p. 5 S. 74, 6- 7 1 6) AIr s bl nfr nc s awn r he de e t v e d i t el h mo t a o a l t t ep ryo p sn temo in'b tGa mees itl o e d n es p o t ga iwe n h i t s fv r be o h a t p o i g h t , u () r cnil f vie c u p ri g o ' a n c s i i ufi e . Ne n,44F. a 237( i Srw v.Sr 1 F.d 791 798( hCi.1 4:. a e s ns fcint' uve ' 3d t quotng ta toud, 3 3 , 4t r 99 r e orcontngent w ilbe abl t be deal w ih i t bankr cy. l pe m ist br emot i , l eo t t n he upt t r t be oades t pos i er lefi t ba u cycou t''Gr dyv. H. nsCo.l . 83 F. 1 ,20 ( h sbl e i n he nkr pt r.' a A. Robi . nc, 9 2d 98 0 4t Ci. ( ii Igiltvehit r ofllU. C.j 1 4 , c f me l de i dt tr Ã§ ai ' r) ctng e sa i so y S. 014) whih or ry fne he e m t m, cl ' n co fe i j1 ( 9,c r. nid,1 S.Ct201( 988. ow diid n 015( etde e 09 . 1 ) l Gr t Fourt Cicui addr ed t isueofwhen a cl m arsesf pur n adv, he h r t ess he s ai i or posesof b krpty.Grdyfldatr aci o Oco r1 ,1 5,algi s wa ij e b a an u c a ie o t ton n tbe 5 98 le ng he s nurd y n i er erne contaceptve devi t D al Shi d,m anuf ur and m ar ed by def nt ut i r i ce, he kon el act ed ket endant . l at 1 d. 99. D ef endanthad f l f Chapt 1l bankr cy a f m ont earler on Augus 2l, ied or er upt ew hs i , t l985. Gr as t cour t fnd t hercl m di notar s prort t fii ift ady ked he t o i hat ai d i e i o he lng o he ba r typeii a wa t rf en s jc t t a omai sa l ;sel1U. C. nkupc tton nd s heeor ot ube t o he ut tc ty. d. e S. j36 a() Rel ngont rlva saelw,Grd ague t the c us ofa tondi no 2()1. yi he ee nt tt a a y r d ha r a e ci d t a cueunis wa ij r a be a es wa ij e ahe t p tto wasfl ,t c r tl he s nued, nd c us he s nurd r he eiin ied he a omai sa prvii i j3 di notba he s tfom pr e ui SherledonMatrof ut tc ty o son n 62 d r r ui r os c ton. ei te M . e vil Co.l ,74 F.d332( Ci.1 4) i whiht ThidCic thedt targh t Frn le .nc. 4 2 3d r 98 ,n c he r rui l ha i to paym entm us e s prort t flng ofabankr cy pe ii i or f a cl m t exitand t xit i o he ii upt tton n der or ai o s t tcourt m us l t s a e l t det m i w hen such a rghtt pa entars . Gr ha s t ook o t t aw o er ne i o ym ies adv,839 F. a 200. 2d t TheFo ' Cic trj tdpli ifsagu nta t ThidCicui' hol ngi uth rui eece antf' r me nd he r r ts di n t Fr le. 839 F .2d at201- The cour hel t S he bankr cy Code i s i envil ? 02. t d hat ' t upt s upermposed upon t l oft St e,'and cours s d l t t Bankr cy Code,r hert sat l ,t he aw he at ' t houl ook o he upt at han t e aw o 1l a dt nt teFo r Ci utteF evl a po c h sb e t nv ral rjce 'b i sse crut.l r n d io o h ut r i h rn il p rah a e n < iesl eetd' y t itr i i n e i h c , e u y s c s An rws 2 9F.d7 8 7 0n. ( t Ci. 0 ) s e ea, nr Pak r 3 3F.d 1 6 , 2 9( 0 hCi. 0 2 ; nr d e , 3 3 0 , 1 7 5h r 2 01; e a ..l e r e , 1 3 2 7 1 6 1 t r 2 0 ) l e J srm, 3F.d4 8 4 2( t Ci. 0 ) Ep t i v. fca Co o Un e u e Crd tr , 8F.d 1 7 ,1 7 a te 25 3 3 , 4 9h r 2 01 ; sen Ofiil- mm. f s c r d e i s 5 3 5 3 5 6 o n2( 1h Ci. 9 5 .l d e , e v l wa ltro er ldb t eThr Ci u t nt ec s o I r Gr s ma ' I c, . 1 t r 1 9 ) n e d Frn il s ae v ru e y h id r i i h a e f n e o s n s n . e c 6 7F.d 1 4( dCi. 01 ) 0 3 1 3 r2 0. de e m i w he a c ai ars s I a 2 W i r s c t t d f nii ofS a m ' i t t r ne n l m i e . d. t 02. t e pe t o he e i ton ' i ' n he h cl Bankr cy Code,t courtf upt he ound t tCongr scont pl ed Ã§t br ha es em at the oades possi er i ,'' t bl elef i endi dt aI l oblgatonsoft debt ,no materhow r nt ng dhat l egal i i he or t emot orcontngent w ilbe e i l , abl t bedeal w ih i bankr cy.' 1 The Fourh Cicui w enton t hol eo t t n upt ' d. t r t o d: W e do not beleve t t t e m us be a rght t t i m edi e i ha her t i o he m at paym entofm one i t cas ofa t torali br y n he e or led each ofwar ant r y orlk c ai ,a pr e he e whe t ac s c ns iu i t t tor i e l m s es nt r , n he t o tt tng he or b e c o warny h v o c re p ir otefl go t ep t in ra h f ra t a e c urd ro t h ii f h eio , n t t c tt eacll unde j3 a( ) ...Conges ha ce e a o onsiut am r 62()1. r s s ratd contngent rght t paym ent as i has t power t cr e a i i o t he o eat c tnge tt torlkecli wihi t pr e to o j 36 a() oni n or i am t n he otcin f 2()1. W e ar ofopi on t i hasdone s e ni hat t o. l a 203.Thus,t courtf d. t he ound t Gr scl m ar e att tm e t Dal Shi d w as hat ady' ai os he i he kon el i rt whi occur ed prort t flng oft bankr cy petton,and t Gr s cl m nse ed, ch r i o he ii he upt ii hat ady' ai wast rfr s j c t t a omai sa Thea al i us db t Fo t Cic ti Grd t heeoe ube to he ut tc ty. n yss e y he urh rui n a v o det m i when a bankr cy cl m ars i known ast Sconductt t' er ne upt ai ies s he t es .' A lhough t Gr courtexpr l lm ied ishol ng t t cont oft aut t he ady essy i t t di o he ext he omatc i r h r ui pple he a e s ni nd di n c say, t e Fou t Cic ta i d t s m e r a o ng a hol ng i H ol om be v. U . A iwavs t Fh S. r . l ,36 F. p' 42 c r. ni l S. .343( 0)ac ebrughtunde t Ameia nc. 9 Ap x 4, e tde ed, 31 Ct 201 , as o r he rc ns w ih D iabiii A ct i whi t courtconsder w he herpl ntf sdi crm i i cl m had t s ltes , n ch he i ed t ai if' s i nÃ ton ai been di char i bankr cy. l Hol be,pl ntf aleged t s w asdeni s ged n upt n com ai if l hat he ed accom m odatonsf herm edi condii begi ng Ja y 2002,and s fl grevancesasa i or cal ton nni nuar he ied i rs ti Febuaya M ac 20 J .t426.OnAugus 11 2002, S. r ysa is eul n r r nd rh 02. . a i t , U. Aiwa nd t af ii esf l f r i underChapt 11oft Bankr c Code. 1 at427. A r gani i flat ied or elef er he upt y d. eor zaton 8t e e t mphasz ,asdi t diti tc t t tw edo no d i e whe he orno M r .Gr dy' c a m ort eoft w ie d he sr c our, ha t ec d t r t s a s li hos he Fu ur Tor Cl i t ar dic r a e i t sca e. ..W ehol onl t tt Da kon Shi l cl m i t c e t e t a man s e s ha ge bl n hi s . d y ha he l e d ai n he as b or u , h t Dal Shi d wasi e td i t c am a tprort t tm eofflng oft pe ii c tt t sa ef e s w en he kon el ns re n he l i n i o he i ii he tton, ons iu e Ã§li ' ta ao eb f r t ec mme c me t ftec s ' t i teme nn o 1 U.. j3 2 a( )' Gr d , 3 cam t t r s e o e h o n e n o h a e wi n h a ig f 1 SC. 6 ( )l . a v 8 9 h h ' F. d a 2 3 t 03. 6 pl w asconfr ed on M ar 18,2003. Hol an im ch combe f l sui i Sept ber2003. One yearl er ied t n em at , U . A iwaysfl a s S. r ied econd pe ii f bankrupt r i unde Chapt l1. A lhough tton or cy elef r er t Hol be di notf l apr ofcl m i t fr tbankr cy cas she di t e a pr ofcl m com d ie oof ai n he is upt e, d 5l oof ai i t sc c s U. Aiwa obe t t t cam a mo df s n he e ond ae. S. r ys jced o he li nd ve or ummayj me t The r udg n . bankr cy courtgr ed t moton,fndi pl ntf scl m w as bared by t dichar i t upt ant he i i ng ai if' ai r he s ge n he fr tbankr cy cas is upt e.The dit i cour af imed. I s rct t fr d. On a ppeal t Fourh Cicui hel t Hol , he t r t d hat combe had a cl m asofM ar l8,2003 and ai ch t hercl m w aspr l dichar as oft tdat d.at427- Em pl ng t conductt t hat ai opery s ged ha e.I 28. oyi he es setf h i Gr ort n adv,t cour f he t ound t al oft i porantevent gi ng rse t Hol be' hat l he m t s vi i o com s r onabl accom m odaton cl m occur ed prort t confr aton oft r gani i pl eas e i ai r i o he im i he eor zaton an. 3 F. xa 4 Thec r rj ce Holombesag ntt the cli i aÃ»c ntnui 69 App' t 28. ou tee td c ' rume ha r am s to i ng vi aton,'one t Ã»accr pr confr aton and hasper i t i o t pos - im aton ol i ' hat d ued e- im i s sed nt he tconfr i peri ' l at429. l od.' d. mporanty f pur esoft i t cas i hel t w hie hercl m as t l or pos he ns ant e, t d hat l ai t pr confr aton dicrm i or ac i di nots vet 2003 di o e- im i s i nat y tons d urvi he schar any cl m sarsng ge, ai ii f om alegedl di crm i or act com m it by def r l y s i nat y s ted endantpos - im a i wer not t confr ton e dich r Ã§ a rmai dope f adu cai 9 I . 428, s a g d nd e ne n or j di ton. d at 429 . W ih t sf am ew or i m i t courtt nst t i ue ofw he herSprnthasa cl m t hi r k n nd, he ur o he ss t i ai t tar pri t t confr aton oft Chapt 11 r ha ose or o he im i he er eorgani ton pl and w ast ef e za i an her or dichar i bankr cy. s ged n upt 9Be a eGr d de l s ey w ih t a ia lt oft a t tc sa t r e td e f de e ni whe he a c us a v a t ol l t he pplc biiy he u oma i t y, he elvan at or t nni ng t r cam e sedwa t d t oft ba u c peiin.I Holombe,heis wa dic r biiy, ot r e nt li xit s he a e he nkrpty tto n c t sue s s hagea l s he elva t d t wa tedt o tec nimaino ttroj nzt npa .Id e ,h Ba ku tfCo ese iish th ae s h ae fh o f to fh e ra iai ln n ed te n r pc d p cfe ta te r o c imai daei t r lva daefrdee ml ngwheheracam hasbe ndic r onfr ton t s he ee nt t o tr ni t li e s haged.11U. C. S. j1 4 () 1( . l tei sa tc s , h alg t n r ie i t eS c n Ame d dCo an se fo 1 1 d ()A) n h n tn a e te l ai s as d n h e o d n e mpli t tm r m . e o ove c ge a s s ed be we n 200 a 200 we la t rbot t ba u c pe ii n wa fl d an t r har s s e s t e 7 nd 9, l fe h he nkr pty tto s ie d he r ga za i pl n c im e eor ni tpn a onfr d. B. Pur uantt t Fourh Cicui' conductt t a cl m ars when t conductgi ng rs s o he t r ts es , ai ies he vi ie d t he hl s' n t t aleged labiiy occur ed.0 concor w es oft A s ev Hom eow ner Ass' v. J. . o he l i lt r 1 A J ne ,I , 3: c 001 2o s nc.No. 09-v- 8 GCM , 0W L 1 2,a *1( . N. J n.1 201 201 4843 t W D. C. a 2, 0) 2d ( tn I r Pi rAicaf Cor ,58F. 1 73,1 ( 1hCi.1 )(ii Gr dy,839 F. quoig n e pe r r t p. 3d 5 577 1 t r 995 ctng a - a 1 ).I or rt deemi whehe S i ' cli ao ep e o pos- nkrpty,hec r t 99) n de o tr ne t r prnts am rs r - r tba u c t ou t m us de e m i wha c uc ga rs t N TELOS'la lt t t r ne t ond t ve ie o i biiy. The Com m uni i Actr r N TELOS t fl w ih t FCC and keep open f catons equies o ie t he or publc i pecton ls i ns i tchedul s i a1 char f is fand is connectng car i sf es how ng 1 ges or t el t i rer or i esaea fr g wito r oc ntrtt nd oein r r adi ommu ctongl'whihaeknowna trfs 47U. C. niai s, c r ' s aif. S. j20 a.NTELOSi la ei ichage ,d ma ,c lcsorrc ve aÃ» e tro l sor 3() s ibl f t r s e nds ole t e ei s t ae r es gr difrn c ensto 'ha t tstf t i t a plc bl trf onfl 47U. C.j203c. fee t omp ain't n ha e orh n he p ia e a if ie. S. () On Sept ber 18,2002, TELOS concur ed i t I em N r n he CORE Tarif w hih,accor ng t Sprnt f. c di o i , prvieso yf bilnga fa DTT rt .Pl' Se ndAm.Compl,Dkt#67, t! 1 1 1 o d nl or li t lt aes .s co . . a ! 1, 5, 7, 27. Sprntalegest tbe ween 2002 and 2009 N TELO S bil Sprntathi ,us bas i l ha t led i gher age- ed TST rtsi vi ai o t I ae n olton f he CORE Taif Se ton6.. A)2 .P1' Sec ndAm. mpl, . rf, ci 13( () .s o Co .Dkt #67, t! l 26,28- Sprnta srsta t sbilngpa tc ha rs tdi monhl a ! 6, 30. i se t h t hi li rcie s eule n t y over ges,and each oft e over gesgi rs t a se at cl m agai tN TELOS. char hes char ves ie o par e ai ns W hie cl m st over gesass ed pri t confr aton oft r gani i pl m ay have l ai o char ess or o im i he eor zaton an :Ha n rjce t % cra ts'at uae i Fe vl , s crut h vea o tdete tec n utts o 0 vig eetd heÃ§ cu let ri ltd n rn il mo t ic i a d pe i rh o d c et r a ' c e s h wha ha be nr fre t a t i e tto rltons pts. Se ec.l r PierA icrf Cor ,58F. 15 t s e ee rd o s he Ã§ peiin eai hi e t' e. . ,n e o pr ' r a t p. 3d 73 (1hCi. 9 5 (d pigasihl mo iidv rino tepe eio rlt nsi ts) Th cu t oe ta a 1t r 1 9 ) ao tn lg t dfe eso fh rp tin eai hp et. e o r n ts h t t y t o lato edsrc c ut ti teFo rhCi ut a a pidwhta p ast b at it rp tt nrlto si a d e s n itit o rwi n h ut r ih s p l h c e a p e r o e jon pe eii eainhp n o c uc t s r me,' i ng t pr pe ii t s t bea t e hol i r t ta l f a yss u rt e c du t ond t e t egi ' fndi he e tton e t o hr s d nquiy ha lows or nal i nde h on c t t Co or W e toft As e H o e es. nc d s he hl v m owne ' A s n v.JA. one . nc,No.3; c 001 GCM ,201 W L rs s' . J s l . 09- v- 820 1 8 3 , t* - , n. ( . N. J n 1 , 01 ) I t i sa t a e t ec u t e dn t e iewb te t a py a 4 4 2 a 2 3 3 3 W D. C. a . 2 2 0 . n he n tn c s, h o r n e o d cd eh r o p l src co tts orahybrd prpeii r ltons p/c uc t tasdi t c ti Conc dW et Sp i a tit nduc e t i e tton eai hi ond t es d he our n or s. rnt nd NT ELOSyanyh dape eio rlt n hp.Se PlsSeo dAm. mp .Dk. 6 , t 2 T u ,h cu t lil a rptt n eai s i e . c n i o ' Co l, t# 7 a ! 4. h ste o r' s a l i wll o s el on t c c t s . na yss l f cus ol y he ondu t e t 8 be dic a g d(ndc rai ot r peha bardbyt saut o lmiains sen e2, en s h r e a et n hes r ps re he tt e f i tto , e ot s a ,Sprnta s rsiscai t r f f t n ry$4 milo i ove pa men sma upr) i s e t t l ms o e unds or he ea l li n n r y t de bet ween J y 21,2007 and O c ober31,2009 s vi bankrupt The cour agr ul t ur ve cy. t ees. TheBa r c Codedei sat ai 'a adi tt pa nt' 11U. C.j1 ()A) nkupty fne t m' s t gh o yme . cl r ' S. 015( . Sprnthasno ri t paym entunl and untli i over rged by N TELO S i vi aton oft i ght o ess i ts cha n ol i he applcabl t if. UntlSprntr vesa bilf om NTELOS,i doesnotknow whet i has i e arf i i ecei l r t her t been charged corecty ori r l undert t if Spri ' rghtt r r l ncorecty he arf . nt s i o epaym entf or over har as ed by N TELO S be ween J y 2007 and O c ober2009 ar e att tme Sprnt c ges sess t ul t os he i i wa bil d f s vi sr nde e du i t tpe i s le or er ce e r d r ng ha rod. N TELO S ar guesSprntknew ors d have known as eary as2002 t N TELO S w as i houl l hat bilng Sprnti r l and t t conductwoul contnue.N TELO S cont li i ncor ecty hat he d i endst is hat t conducts d have been f es houl or eeabl s e, uggestng t cl m sw er par ofa contnui cour e of i he ai e t i ng s conduc da i back pr bankr cy t 2002,when i fr tf l t swich Sprntt DTT r t t tng eupt o t i s aied o t i o a es aferadoptop oft I RE Tarf ,and contnui t ough 2009. Si iarar ent wer m ade t i he CO if i ng hr m l gum s e a rj tdi bot Hoco ea O' hlnv. unt o Orn/e.Hol mbe, F. xa nd eÃ§qe n h l mb nd Log i Co v f a co 369 App' t 4 n. 42 (ee tngHolombest or t the ADA cai wa asngl,uniayt o i ng 28 2, 9 rjci c ' he y ha r l m s i e tr Ã§ ntnui c vi ai 'cai ta a cue p eco imai a pesse i ot pos-onfnmai p ro ; olton' l m h t c r d r - nfr ton nd ritd nt he tc i ton e idl O' Lozhlnv. t ofOrnze 229F. 8 ,8 4- (t Ci. )(e rigdititc r' i Cnv. a , 3d 71 7 75 9h r2000 rvesn src ou ts hol ng t second and t r deni sofaccom m oda i w er Ã§i t e consequence'oft di hat hid al ton e tneviabl ' he fr tdeni ,r hert actonabl contnui vi atonsoft A DA ,and hol ng count labl is al at han i e i ng ol i he di yi e f pos- shagec uc t tvi ae t saue. or tdic r ond t ha oltd he ttt) Even i Sprnts d have known i 2002 t N TELOS w asbilng i r l i does f i houl n hat li ncorecty, t . notchange t f t ,undert Banknz cy Code,Sprnthasa separ t rghtt paym entever he act hat he pt i ae i o y 9 tm eN TELO S bil Sprnti contaventon oft t if The f t tSprntdi notnotce i was i ls i n r i he arf . act ha i d i t bei over ged untl2009 i i ng char i s nappost f pur es oft s anal s 1 ie or pos hi ysi. 1 W hie t cour r l he t ecogni t ques i ofw hen a caus ofacton accr f pur es zes hat tons e i ues or pos ofbankr cy and w hen t s a ut oflm iatonsbegi t r ar d wo s at and ditnct upt he t t e i t i ns o un e s t epar e si is same a veydifrntprblms'l r Swit 1 F. 7 79 (t Ci.1 ) ii sue i d t r fee o e r'n e f 29 3d 92, 6 5h r 997,ts worh exam i ng how cours a r at y agenci have teat t i ue ofover gesi t t ni t nd egul or es r ed he ss char n he s a ut oflm iatons cont tt e i t i ext. l det m i ng when a sat e oflm iatons begi ,court have n er ni t ut i ti ns s teat t dut t m ake m ont y paym ent f t ecom m uni tons s vi lke an i t l r ed he y o hl s or el ca i er ces i nsalment contactand hel t a s at caus ofacton ars on t dat each paym enti m ised,even r d hat epar e e i ies he e s s i t e i t l ent s em f om a ser ces agr entbet f hos ns alm s t r vi eem ween t partes. See M FS I ',l v. he i nt l nc. ltlTec Lt ,50F.Sup 2d51 52 25( D. 1 )(ii MClTel omm. r v. n ' lom d. p. 7, 4- E. Va. 999 ctng ec Co p. Tee o e s l , F. 1 6(dCi.1 95 TheFCC t asmia a pr c t ac s lc nc pt.nc.71 3d 08 3 r 9 :. ook i lr p oa h o ae i vi over ges,Tel val i l v.Am eri Tel nvol ng char e- uaton. nc. can ephone & Tel aph Co. 73 ear , F. C. 450( 979 .I Tee- l ton, anifwa hie a at e ommuniai c ns tn C. Zd 1 ) n l vauai plitf s rd s elc c tons o ula t by W ison Fr ghtCo.I t cour oft em pl ent Tel v al i uncover m i t l ei n he se hat oym , e- uaton ed sakes i n 1An se n ij siet tma rslfo alwigS rn t po edwi ti c ueo a t natrfin t 1 y emig nutc ha y eut rm lo n pito rc e t hs a s f ci f al g o h o e i n i et s m ont y ove cha ge f s ve yea si ofs tby t f ctt t a be t Sprntwilonl beabl t r c r otc he e hl r r s or e n r s f e he a ha , t s , i l y e o e ove da esse m i fom ove c r a s s e b t n J y 2007 a Ocobe 2009,a a cai si ha t r f mag t m ng r r ha ges s e s d e wee ul nd t r s ny l m t s o e unds f ovepa or r yment m a afe c fr ai ofteror a z tonpln b prort 2007a eba rdbyt saueof s de tr onim ton h e g niai a ut i o r re he ttt l tt n .Th FCC atyn tdi Teevau to Ic v Am. l& Te. , 3F. C.d4 0 4 2(9 9 ,ht i ai s e mi o pl oe n l- lain.n . . Te. lCo.7 C. Z 5 , 5 1 7 )ta a t poi a c t m e r evesisbilf s r ce , hecuso e : t he nt us o r ec i t l or e vi s t tm r m a r vi w t e c r s c pa e t e wih t a op i t t r fs que ton t y e e h ha ge , om r h m t he ppr r ae a if , s i he ca re ,or t ke a ot r se nec s a y t de e and r m e y e r s Thi r ir a ny he t ps e s r o t ct e d ror . s pl c a bu de of pr a es r n ompt de e ton of o r ha ges on t pa t wih t tci ve c r he ry t he gr t s i en i t d s a pe lze diaor de e ton,t r by gua di ea e t nc tve o o o nd na i s l t y t c i he e r ng agans lt a t s t r c r f sal cl m s Thr i t a er tempt o e ove or t e ai . ough t e c s o he xer ie f dii ce t c t m e ma pr ve tl s he t r f e i hel kno l gea e a lgen he us o r y e n os ; he e or s d w ed bl t t tme he i no ii d ofhi c g . he i s tfe s har es S rn' fi r t c rfl ise tt bl l t isd ma e cam i ti c s t j so rwoy aso pits al e o aeul np c is is i s t a g s li n hs ae o ut ve t e r f u y l mi ove cha ge . r r s 10 t bil i r ved fom AT& T f isl ed prvat lne net k,som e ofwhi dat back he ls t ecei r or t eas i ei wor ch ed o rade a .AT&T r f edonl $ 000oft $1 70 Tee- ua in cai dwa owe ve c de e und y 3, he 7, 0 l val to l me s d, argui t r ng he emai ng cl m s had been extnguihed asa m aterofl by t r ng oft ni ai i s t aw he unni he saueo lmiai a s tf t i 47U. C. 41 c .l TheFCC hedt twhiet ttt f i ttons s e orh n S. j 5() d. l ha l he Com m uni i Actis fdoes notdefne t poi ofaccr ofa caus ofacton: catons t el i he nt ual e i (1 t a l usc s o a a ton frda ge ,t poith In he naogo ae f n ci o ma s he n as been det m i t be w hen t car i does t unl ul act or er ned o he rer he awf f l t do w hati r r W e beleve t sam e r i e gover ais o s equied. i he atonal ns i t e c e of o r ha ge a t t a a g ne alpr poston,t n h as ve c r s nd ha , s e r o ii he poi ofaccr shoul be fxed ast tme t cusom err vesa nt ual d i he i he t ecei bilf s vi l or er ces. 1 a 452.Thus,t FCC f d. t he ound t tt sat e oflm ia i i ef ectatt tm e each pari ar ha he t ut i t tons n f he i tcul bilw asr l ender gover pl ntf scl m s. 1 at453. ed ned ai if' ai d. A lhough t sat e of lm iatons isue i ditnctf om t one c r l bef et t he t ut i t i s s s i r he ur enty or he cour- nam el when Spr nt scl m saccr f pur esofbankr cy- t ans ert bot t y, i ' ai ued or pos upt he w o h ques i happe t bet s e i t scas The courtf ndsno r tons ns o he am n hi e. i eason t teatover ges or char dif enty f pur es oft sanal s.Sprnt srghtt paym ent iscl m asdefned i t fer l or pos hi ysi i' i o , t ai i n he Bankr cy Code,ar e each tm e i wasbil f se cesr upt os i t led or rvi ender ata r t i cpnt a i of ed ae n r venton t trf a d i vi ai of47U. C.j203() Th ecamst taos pr- nkr tyh ve he aif n n olton S. c . os li ha r e eba upc a been di schar t e t ar posged; hos hat ose t bankrupt r ai vi e. cy em n abl N TELO S ar guest t ac gi ng rset islabiiy was nott re i oft bilbut hat he t vi i o t i lt he nderng he l t f l e t s ich Sprntt D TT bilng upon adopton oft I he aiur o w t i o li i he CORE Tarf i 2002- an ac if n t w hi undoubt y occur ed pr bankr cy.N TELO S poi st t expansi defnii of ch edl r eupt nt o he ve i ton Scl m ' i t Bankr cy Code and t t courtshol ng i G r t t fr tconductgi ng s ai ' n he upt o he ' di n adv hat he is vi r s t acl m es abls whet i ar e pr orpos - tton,ir pectve ofany pos - ii i e o ai t i hes her t os et pe ii r es i tpetton ij rest tmi se fo t tc nduc.NTELOS'h or oftec ei t tisfiuet n ui ha ght tm r m ha o t te y h as s ha t alr o 11 s ich Sprntt DTT bilng i 2002 i t fr tconductand t r uli m ont y over ges wt i o li n s he is he es tng hl char aesmpl t ij i se ngfom t tc uc. r i y he nures tmmi r ha ond t D es t N TELO S'r i pie elance on Gr adv,t i t case i f ualy ditngui habl G r he nsant s act l s i s e. adv i ved a t tcl m ,and i w ascl t t actgi ng rie t labiiy t i erton oft nvol or ai t ear hat he vi s o i lt he ns i he Dal Shi d- occur ed pr petton. The i ue i Gr was i f ,whet pl ntf ' cl m kon el r e- ii ss n ady , n act her ai ifs ai f pur esofbankr cy ar w hen t ac gi ng rs t labiiy wasper onned orw heheri or pos upt ose he t vi ie o i lt f t t ar e w hen t hann caused by t e act m anies ed. Gr ar os he hos s f t ady gued s coul nctha s he d l ve ued dee n untls kne t naur ofhe ij is be a et r e n saelw h dac us of fnda t i he w he t e r nure , c us he elva t tt a el a e a to di n ac r u it tpoi .83 F. a 2 ln. TheFourhCic trj ce t t cin d ot cue ntlha nt 9 2d t 0 4. t rui ee td ha a rgum ent hol ng t Bankr cy Code,r hert sat l w ,di at w hen acl m arses. , di he upt at han t e a ct es ai i Her t i sue i di put i t actonabl conductis f w ha ga rs t NTELOS' e, he s n s e s he i e t elt ve ie o labiiy? The ans eri N TELOS'bilng ata r t dif r t t s f t i t t if See i lt w s li a e f e ent han hat et orh n he arf . 47U. C.j203c.NTELOSbildSp itf sl c srndee a t TST rt,rt rt nt S. () le rn or ewie e rd the ae ahe ha he DTT r e Spri as t i r r undert t if on a mont y basi bet een 2002 a 2009. at nt sers s equied he arf , hl s w nd The a opton oft I d i he CORE Ta ifdi no t i e N TELO S'ale d la lt isf iur t bil r f d t rgg r l ge i biiy; t a l e o l Sprntata r e i accor i at n dance w ih t t f di t hat arif d. UnlkeGrdv,hi i no ac s wh epos- nkrptyij isnaurlytowe fom i a t s s t a e er tba u c nure t al l d r pr bankr c conduct I t separ e vi atonsoft Com m uni i A ctoccur ed bot eupt y . nsead, at ol i he catons r h pr and posetbankr cy,gi ng rs t se a e cl m s. As t cas 1 m akescl ,t e upt vi ie o par t ai he e aw ear hos cl m ss em m i fr pos ai t ng om tbankr cy vi atons s ve,r dl s ofw het t ar sm iar upt ol i urvi egar es her hey e i l t t pr- nkr tycai .Se Holo o he eba upc l ms e c mbe, 9F. xa 42829( di a ale dl 36 App' t - hol ng ny lge y di i i or act t occured afert r gani ton pl w asconfr ed wer not scrm nat y s hat r t he eor za i an im e dic r edi ba r c a r mai d vibl cai s;O' hln, F. a 87 75( di s ha g n nk upty nd e ne a e l m ) Loc i 229 3d t 4- hol ng 1 2 t co y labl f pos- s ha ge vi a i oft e A DA de pie t f c t tsm ia pr he unt i e or tdi c r ol tons h s t he a t ha i lr e dic r vi a i we eno vibl) s ha ge oltons r t a e . Consde t c eofl r Rosnfl 2 F. 8 ( hCi.s r.de e 11 S.Ct200 i r he as n e e ed, 3 3d 33 4t rlcet nid, 5 . , rh' de e 11 S. . 2 (994 .Rosnfl a quie s rso Ri rPl eEatHousng e a nid, 5 Ct62 1 ) e ed c rd hae f ve ac s i Cor aton,a housi cooper i ass aton,asw el asa poss or i er i aR i Pl por i ng atve oci i l ess y nt est n ver ace a rme ,i 1 3.J a 8 A c na tr ni wiht lndrquie o r t pa pa t nt n 98 - t 35. ove n un ng t he a e rd wnes o y Z ass aton dues;as sm ent w er m ade annualy and each ow nerw asr r t pay oneoci i ses s e l equied o t elt ofhi a w fh s nnualas m enteach m ont oft fs year. Ros el ceas pa ng hi sess h he ical enf d ed yi s dues. He fied f Chapt 7 bankr c pr ecton i Oct l or er upt y ot i n ober 1 and i Febr y 1991w as 990 n uar gr ntd adic r ,whih i ud $ 3 i pr - tto a s s me ofRi rPlc due . a e s ha ge c ncl ed 2,00 n e peiin s e s nt ve a e s Ri Pl t i tt ed a s ver ace hen ns iut epara e s a e cour pr t tt t oceedi agai tRos el s ng duesf om ng ns enf d eeki r N ovem ber 1,1990 t ough Aprl30,1992. Ros el fl am oton f cont pti bankr cy hr i enf d ied i or em n upt court ar ng hi dichar extngui hed any labiiy f bot pre- ii and pos- tton , gui s s ge i s i lt or h petton t pe ii cooper i as sm ent l atve ses s. d. The bankr c courti Ros el hel t t ac gi ng rset R i Pl sri t upt y n enf d d hat he t vi i o ver ace' ght o paym entw asRos el scont actt pur e hi cooper i i er ti 1983. A ss t enf d' r o chas s atve nt es n uch, he bankr cy courtconsder t debtt bepr petton and hel i w asdi upt i ed he o e- ii dt schar even t ged, hough som eoft duespaym ent w er notow ed untlt perod f l i t flng oft petton. he s e i he i olow ng he ii he ii l at836. The diti cour,however r s t deci on oft bankr cy cour,fi ng t d. sr ct t , ever ed he si he upt t ndi he pos - ii as m ent w er notdichar tpetton sess s e s ged. The Fourh Cicui af im ed. t r t fr TheFourhCic trc z dt ttgjeq sinofwhehe aba uptydic age t rui e ognie ha ith ueto t r nkr c s h r encom pass pos - ii as s ent hasbeen addr s i t cont ofcondom i um es t petton ses m s es ed n he ext ni as oci i and hom eow ne ass aton duesw ih i s aton rs' oci i t nconsit r t ' I ThÃ§ Fourh Cicui sent esuls.' d. t r t declned t f l a lne ofcas hol ng t an ass aton' rghtt paym entofduesarses i o olow i es di hat oci i s i o i w hen t contacti m ade and i contngenton t debt ' contnued owner hi oft pr t he r s s i he or s i s p he opery. 1 l ead,t Fourh Cicui lke t dit i courtbel ,r i on a lne ofcaseshol ng t d. nst he t r t, i he s rct ow eled i di hat an as ociton' cl m f pos - ii duesdoesnotar s untlt duesar ass s l at837. s a i s ai or tpetton i e i he e es ed. d. TheFourt Cicui f h r t ound t tRos el s oblgaton t pay t as sm ent a e fom hi hat Ã§ enf d' i i o he ses s ros r s : . contnued pos- ii ow ner hi oft pr rt and notf om a pr petton cont ac ual i tpetton s p he ope y r e- ii r t oblga i ... Ri Pl srghtt paym entf pos - ii as s ent di notars pr i ton. ver ace' i o or tpetton ses m s d ie epe ii and w asnotextngui tton i shed by Ros el sbankr cy di enf d' upt schar ' I The Fourh Cicui ge.' d. t r t s fcaly not t ishol ng i Gr di notr r a contar r ul: pecii l ed hat t di n adv d equie r y es t M rs Gr s cl m aleged a t tand ar f om t i eri of . ady' ai l or ose r he ns ton t D al he kon Shi d, whi occured pr petton. Ri Pl s el ch r e- ii ver ace' cl m i f ass m ent t cover expens i ai s or ess s o es ncun- durng ed i Ros el spos - tton owner p ofr pr t Gr deal enf d' t pe ii shi eal opery. adv s w ih a cl m ar sng f om a pre- ii t t whie t s case t ai ii r petton or, l hi i vesa br nvol each ofa covenantr ng w ih t l t occur ed unni t he and hat r pps - ii and we fnd Gr i cl l ditngui habl t petton, i adv s eary s i s e. l d Thedititc ti Zete v. rel25 B. l 2( D. C.l 99)rj ce a src our n ilr Ma t , 5 R. 7 E. N. 9 ,ee td n ar entsi iart t one advanced by pl ntf i Ros el The pari i Zeil di ced gum m l o he ai if n enf d. tes n ter vor i l a purs n 983 nd uantt t di ol i decr Zeil was oblgat t pa M arela porton of o he ss uton ee, ter i ed o y t i hi r iem entbeneft whi am ountw as due and payabl att tm e he began r vi s s etr is, ch e he i ecei ng uch beneft l a 175. Zeil r tr i 1993 and i m edi el began r vi beneft butdi not is. d. t ter e ied n m at y ecei ng is d pay a porton oft e beneft t M art . M art l ned ofZeil ' r iem enti 1 and ny i hos is o el el ear ter s etr n 994 t eafÃ§ri tt ed s at cour pr her l ns iut t e t oceedi asa r ul ofZeil ' f l e t com pl wih t ngs es t ter s aiur o y t he di ol i dec ss uton ree. l The m aterw ass ayed,how ever upon Zeil r' pe ii f bankr cy d. t t , te s tton or upt 14 pr ec i fl M ar 29,1 ot ton ied ch 996. l atl75- M art i tt ed an advers y pr d. 76. el nsiut ar oceedi i t ng n he bankr cy case. 1 at174. upt d. The i ue bef e t dit ctcourtwaswhet t bankr cy courterr i fndi not ss or he sri her he upt ed n i ng di schar geabl M arel scl m st pos- ii r iem entbeneft Zeil woul recei i t e t ' ai o tpetton etr is ter d ve n he ter gued ha he nii k ai ' s o f ur.2 I .a 176.Zeil ar t tt defi ton ofEcl m ' pur uantt 11U S. j1 ( ) ut e1 d t C. 01 5 . w ast be i er e ed broadl i lghtofGr and t Fourh Cicui' conductt t l at177. o nt pr t y ni adv he t r ts es . d. H e ass t t hi 1 r iem entand hi s equentf l e t pay M art w er t r evant ered hat s 993 etr s ubs aiur o el e he el conduc ,bot ofwhi occur ed pr petton. l The dit c cour found t sar ent t h ch r e- ii d. srit t hi gum unper uasi I hel t s ve. t d hat: The conductneces y under Gr was appelant s f l e t pay sar adv l ' aiur o appelee upon r ptofhi m ont y pensi paym ent A st t l ecei s hl on s. o he paym ent yett ber ved,t ar cl m st ar s i t f ur at s o ecei hey e ai o i e n he ut e t tm e t paym enti r ved by appelantand not pai t t he i he s ecei l d o he appelee. The Bankr cy Cour, alhough not cali i suc l upt t t lng t h, c re t a gidt ed o d c ts't h l t a a p l escams o rcl p le h s n u t e t o od h t p el ' li y c ' e on pos - il paym ent r ved by appelantand hercl m s on tpetton s ecei l ai t hose payment t be r ved i t f ur ar non- schar so ecei n he ut e e di geabl e. l a 177d. t 78. Li wie,nt c eofl r Ca li Fo St e .nc.287B. 5 ( D. 200 , ke s i he as n e mela od ors l , R. 2 E. Va. 2) t cour hel t any cl m f paymentofaddii --orr und ofe he t d hat ai or tonal ef xcess m ont y i ur hl ns ance pr i ss em m i f om a 2001 i ur em um t ng r ns ance contac arosepos - ii I Cam eli t r t tpetton. n la, he Pe yl ni Ma a trr'Asocai ls a eCompa (( nns va a nufcues s iton n urnc ny t PMA' prvi di ua et ' o de ns rnc o ) Cam eli Food St es f t year 1 2001. I at55. The polci expied ateach year' end la or or he s 995d. i es r s and had t be r o enew ed.Esi at 6deposi' pr i swer pai t PM A on t fis day of tm ed t t' em um e do he rt ever m ont t covert m ont s i t l y ho hat h' nsalmentpaym entf i ur or ns ance cover age,and PM A w oul d : Theba upt c r f ndt tM a t ' cam t $1 00 rpr enig he pori oft p epeii rtrme 2 nkr cy out ou ha rels li o 8, 0, e es tn r ton he r - tton eie nt pa nt zeterr c ve butdi no pa he , dic r a e.M a t di no a alhi de son.255B. a yme s il e ei d d t y r was s hage bl rel d t ppe t s cii R. t 1 n. . 77 1 ltrc l aea aj tt amo ofprmi owe l Ca li ha ovepai prmi fr ae acult nd dus he unt e ums d. f mela d r d e ums o t yea PM A w oul owe Ca eli a Sr ur pr i ,'and i Cam eli under d,i woul he r, d m la Ã»et n em um ' f la pai t d ow e PM A an Iaddii t tonalpr i .' 1 em um ' d. The partesent ed i o a w or scom pens i i ur i er nt ker' aton ns ance contacton December28, r 200 a co r gebe n onJ nua y 1 20 .JJ a 57.Fourda ltr on J nta y 5, , 0, nd ve a ga a r , 01 ., t I . ys ae , a ir 2001 Cam eli fl f Chapt 11 bankr cy pr ecton. l The ques i bef e t cour was la ied or er upt ot i d. ton or he t whet any cl m concer ng t 2001 i ur her ai ni he ns ance pr um s ar e pr petton orpos - ii emi os e- ii t petton. Cii t Fourh Ci t' decii i Gr t cour hel t : tng he t rcui s son n adv, he t d hat ( n rtecon tts,PMA' rg ofpa n aie u is Ulde h duc et S iht yme t rs s pon t of erng contnued i ur f i i ns ance cover t Cam tli f 2001;quie age o la or t sm pl i PM A sopped coverng Cam eli s w or s i y, f t i la' ker' com pensaton cl m s, Cam eli woul not need t pay PM A ' i ai la d o S pr i s Ther or any cl m PM A or Cam eli pos es f em um . ef e, ai la s ses or t 2001 i ur he ns ance pr i s i a pos - ii cl m si s em um s tpetton ai nce uch cover occur ed pos- ii .1 age r tpetton 3 l a 57- (ntr lcttonsomitd) d. t 58 i ena iai te . Ros el Zeil and Cam eli s enf d, ter la uppor t fndi t tSprnts cl m s f ovem aym ent t he i ng ha i ' ai or s di notarse untlover geswer as es ed and ovem aym ent m ade. Sprntsri t paym ent d i i char e s s s i ' ght o di notaieu a ptonoft I d rs pon do i he CORE Taifi 20 j ta terg t pa nti rf n 02,us s h iht o yme n Rosenf d di nots em fom t 1983 pur e cont ac and t r ghtt paym enti Cameli di el d t r he chas r t he i o n la d notsem f om executon oft 2001i ur t r i he ns ance cont act Li ie,Sprnts rghtt paym entdi r . kew s i ' i o d no aieupo NTELOS'f lr t s tht DTT bilnga tra i t trf i 200 j ta t rs n aiu e o wic o li fe doptng he a ifn 2,us s t cour i Zeil hel t M arelsrghtt paymentdi notars asoft dat ofZeil ' he t n ter d hat t ' i o d ie he e ter s r iem entand hi s equentf l e t pay M arel l t t r evantconductunderGr i etr s ubs aiur o t . ns ead, he el adv s 'T ec ut edta teo l e c pint titn igwo l b tepe u g i frtefrt o rd y o 2 0 , 3 h o rh l h th ny x eto o hs idn ud e h rmim ad o h isfu a s f 0 1 whi h lkel ar epr - tto Ho e r be us t pa te pr e e no e de e ast t pe - y a c i y os e pe ii n. w ve , ca e he ri s es nt d vl nc o he rda moun oft t he 2001 pr m i s t co tha no c c bu t i l e t pr m i pa d f t frtf d ysof2001 wih t r s e um , he ur d hoi e t o nc ud he e um i or he is our a t he e t o t 2001pr m i . 28 B. a 58f he e ums 7 R. t 59. N TELOS'm ont y bilng atr esexceedi t e alow ed by t I hl li at ng hos l he CORE Tarf f ser ces if or vi r ender w el afert bankr cy concl ed l t he upt uded. Thi hol ng i noti s di s nconsst w ih t hol ngsi I r Lecki Sm okel Coal i ent t he di n n e e ess Como nv,99F.d573( hCi.1 6)a l r Thompsn,1 B. 1 ( D. 1 ) afd, a 3 4t r 99 nd n e o 82 R. 40 E. Va. 995, f' 9 F. 11 ( hCi.1 96)( 2 3d 82 4t r 9 unpubls dtbl de iin) o whihNTELOSrles Appl ng ihe a e cso , n c ei . yi t G r conductt t t court i LÃ§cki and Thom os f he adv es , he sn e on ound t t cl m sar e pr hat he ai os epetton;how eve t r evantconducti bot oft e casesi ditngui habl f om t conduct ii r, he el n h hos s s i s e r he ati ue he e. ss r I Lecki cerai coaloper orswih labiii undert CoalA ct t enact n e, t n at t i ltes he , he mentof w hi cr t a Pl and Fund t pr de beneft t r trng m i w or s,fl pettonsf ch ea ed an o ovi is o e ii ne ker ied ii or bankr c and asked t bankr cy courtt decl e t pur er oft ras et woul notbe upt y he upt o ar hat chas s hei s s d labl as s i e uccess s i i er tf t rfnanci oblgatonst t Pl and Fund. 99 F. at or n nt es or hei i al i i o he an 3d 57576.ThePlna Fundag dt tt c tlc ds j c matrj iditono rt a nd rue ha he our a ke ube t te urs ci ve he ma trbe a et y di notha S ams' d i d i t Ba u c Code.Ll a 5 te c us he d ve s i 'as efne n he nkr pt y cl l t 80. a Sptcik aly,t y cont t l he ended t tsnce f urepr i shad notyetbetn as sed,t pr i s ha i ut em um ses he em um di notexit t Pl and Fund coul notas tcl m st t pr i s,and t cour coul not d s , he an d ser ai o he em um he t d is odesf t eprmi .TheFo t Cic trj ce t sag nta hedt tt sue r r or hos e ums urh rui ee td hi rume nd l ha he Plna Fund i ee hadc amsi ba u c LJ a 581 Thec r f t tt e cme t a nd nd d l i n nkr pty. I t . . ou t ound ha he na t n oft CoalActgave rie t t coaloper or labiiy f f ur pr i s,and t conduct he s o he at s' i lt or ut e em um hat occur ed pr petton. I at580.l r ex ii d. ndeed,t coaloper or labiiy f f ur pr i sw as he at s' i lt or ut e em um fxed a t tm e t f l t rba upt y pettons pur i t he i hey ied hei nkr c ii ; suantt t CoalA ct even i t o he , f he oper t s had ceas m i ng oper i t pur an entr y dif entent prse,t y stl w oul a or ed ni atons o sue iel f er er i he il d have been labl f f ur CoalActpr i s,si pl by vi ue oft pass oft Act 1 at i e or ut e em um m y rt he age he . d. 581n. As s t r evantconducti Lecki cl l dif fom t r evantconducti t 9. uch, he el n e eary fers r he el n he i t cas N TELOS'labiiy w asnotfxed pr petton asw ast coaloper or i Lecki ns ant e. i lt i e- ii he at s' n e; r her N TELO S'labiiy sem sf om each over ge ass s agai Sprnt Som e oft at , i lt t r char es ed nst i . hat alegedl er oneousbilng occur ed pos l y r li r tbankr cy. OnceN TELO S began bilng ata r e t upt li at hat compored w ih t t if N TELO S'labiiy- and Sprnt srghtt paym ent t t he arf , i lt i' i o --ceas ed. Ther evantconducti Thom ps i al o ditnguihabl l Thom pson,t courthel el n on s s si s e. n he d t ta polc of i e ' r g t pa e ofr tr m e b ne is a d t Re ie e tBoa d' rgh t ha i e fc r s i ht o ym nt e ie nt e ft , n he tr m n r s i to colec over l t paym ent m ade t t of i ,bot ar prort t flng oft of i ' Chapt 7 s o he fcer h ose i o he ii he fcers er ba r typeiin.Tho onj ne tepolc f c i 1 an atrs t ni awoknkupc tto mps oi d h ie ore n 969 d, fe usai ng r rltdij y, nr evi dia lyb neisi 1 eae nur bega ec i ng sbii e ft n 973.1 B. a 1 4.l 1 Thompsn t 82 R. t 4 n 987, o pl guit t a dr cons r and t Retr entBoar l erde er i t he had ea ned ed ly o ug piacy, he iem d at t m ned hat r o r$6milon i unrpore i o efom t s ilga a tviisbewe n 1 4 a l ve li n e td nc m r he e le l ci te t e 97 nd 986.1 a d. t 1 A ss 45. uch,t Boar began t s pend ism ont y diabiiy pa ent t Thom ps i or he d o us t hl s lt ym s o on n der t colectt over yment i m adet hi duri t perod. l at146. W hen Thom ps o l he pa st o m ng hat i d. on becam e elgi e t r ve r arr iem entbe ison Januar 1,1 i bl o ecei egul etr neft y 994,f l i 25 year of olow ng s s ce t t polce f ce,t Boar s ervi o he i or he d oughtt w ihhol t e beneft asw el. Thompson fl o t d hes is l ied a pe ii f r i underChapt 7 oft Bankr c Code on Decem be 29,1993 and tton or elef er he upt y r com m enced an advers y pr ar oceedi agai tt Boar ar ng t any w ihhol ng ofhi ng ns he d, gui hat t di s diabiiy and r iem entbeneft vi at t aut atc say. The Boar count cl m ed. s lt etr is ol ed he om i t d er ai One i ue bef et cour w asw he he t Boar had a rghtt a s - f whi r r ss or he t t r he d i o etof , ch equied afndi o ( ua cli t ta os be o et c i ng f s mut l ams ha r e f r he omme e ntoft ba kr pty c s . J. a nc me he n u c a e' #. t ' 1 H avi f 52. ng ound t Boar srghtt colectove aym ent fom Thom ps w as i he d' i o l m sr on ndeed a Ã§ l m'asde i d i t Ban up c Code i aa l ,hec tt n dee mi d t tbo ht i ai ' fne n he kr t y c ,.. t 51 t our he t r ne ha t he l 18 Bo d' a Tho on' cai aos pr- tton.Thec thedt tElj Boad' cam i ar s nd mps s l ms r e epeii our l ha tthe r s li s ba e ont e o r yme si ma pr p tton, L=, ndt tdr s d h ve pa nt t de e e ii ' d.a ha t homps srgh t pa n f r ' on' i t o yme t o rtrme be ft aos wh nhej ne t p i d pa t nti 1 a t be a a eie nt neis r e e oi d he ol e rme n 969, nd hus c me ce pari panti t pl ' l at153. The f t Thompson had t obt n 25 yeat ofse ce tci n he an.' d. act hat o ai s rvi wasm er y a contngency. A ssuch,t Boar had a ri t s - f. l el i he d ght o et of d. M uch lke i t i t case,t conductr evantt t Boar scl m i Thomps was i n he ns ant he el o he d' ai n on isover t paym entofbeneft bet is ween 1974 and 1 986. Butunlke i t i t cas t entr t i n he nsant e, he ie y oft e over hos paym ent wasm ade pr petton. The r evantconductgi ng r s t Thompson' s e- ii el vi i e o s cl m al i ditngui habl Thom ps sri t paymentofbeneft ar e f om hi ai so s s i s e. on' ght o is os r s empl ent w hi began i 1969. Her by cont as ,Spri ' rghtt r oym , ch n e, r t nts i o epaym entsem sf om t r over gesass ed i vi aton oft t ifbet char ess n ol i he arf ween 2007 and 2009,yearsafert bankr cy t he upt concl uded. W hietepur eofba kr c i t gi t d bt a(rs sa q'ta Ers sa t l h pos n upty s o ve he e or d eh tr 'Ã»g) feh tr' f m eansonl t t i does notm ean a contnui lcens t vi at t l -' O ' y ha ; t i ng i e o ol e he aw ' Loahln,229 F. i 3d at875. Becaus t over gesaleged i Spri ' Second A m ended Com pl ntw er as sed e he char l n nt s ai e ses b NTELOS pos - nkr pt y,Sprntsc ai swe e notdic r d a isc e ofac i y t ba u c i ' lm r s ha ge nd t aus ton rmansvibl Ass h, e i a e. uc NTELOS'M oinf S to or ummayJ r udgme t( . 50 wilbe n Dkt# ) l DENIED . 1 11. N TELO S alem atvel ar t i y guest t scas s d be st hat hi e houl ayed and r er ed t t FCC ef r o he und rt docrneofprmar j idito Thedocrneofprmayj iditonal ac tt e he ti i y urs cin. ti i r urs ci lows our o sa ordimisacaewihoutprj c t gi t pate ar s bl oppo t t t se a ty s s s t eudie o ve he ris eaona e runiy o e k n adm i s r i r i on Ã§s e i ue wihi t s alcom pet nit atve ulng 'om ss t n he peci ence ofan adm i sr i ni tatve 19 a nc ' Retrv. er 5 U. 258, ( 99 .Th docrne( l afdealc r t ge y. ie Cooo , 07 S. 268 1 3) e ti d ows e r outo ' al rframatre e ngbe ndt ton nto le re e ofj es ortali wihi t ee te xtndi yo he c ve ina xpeinc s udg ' f lng t n he r m ofadm i sra i di eton't an adm i s r tve agency w ih m ore s alzed expe e eal nit tve scr i o nit a i t peci i rince, e rie a i i t' Na ' Copmc' As ' v. Tel& TelCo.46F.d 220, 23 ( xpe ts , nd nsgh .' tl ns sn Am. . . , 3 222- 2d Ci.1 )( tngFa Eas Conee v. tdStts 342U. 570, (952) r 995 quoi r t frnce Unie ae , S. 574 1 ). Ã§spe iialy, ursa yprma yj iditont c e ivol ngtc c la i rc t t cfc l co t ppl i r urs ci o ass n vi e hnia nd ntiae q si offc a polcyt tCongrs hasasg dt apatc a ag nc ' 1 ( tngGo uetons a t nd i ha es sine o riulr e y. d.cii ' va Food ,nc. Tr ca Pr .I ,8 F.d848, ( Ci.1 ).tGe r l s a ng, s l v. opi na ods.nc. 46 2 851 2d r 988) t neal pe ki y t d ti i de ine t c di t a nitai a j cal cii ma ngb tki he ocrne s sg d o oor nae dmi srtve nd udii de son- ki y a ng advant ofagency experts and r er i is off notwihi t conventonalexperence age ie ef rng s ues act t n he i i of u sorc s swhi rquietee rieofa nitai dic ei ' Envt.Tec Cou i j dge a e ch e r h xecs dmi sr tve sr ton.' l h. ncl v.SiraClb,98F. 77 789( hCi.1 6)( tngUpie Sttsv. .Pa R. Co.352 er u 3d 4, 4t r 99 cii td ae W c. R. , U. 5 6 ( 95 Bydi di de iin- ki a hort t d ti sr e t pr t S. 9, 4 1 6:. vi ng cso ma ng ut iy,he ocrne e v s o omoe tpr d operr atons psbet el i hi ween t coursand adm i sr i agenci char w ih par i ar he t nitatve es ged t tcul rgult yd is' W . .3 U. a 6 Ialosr e u cile onomybe a et diput e aor ute . Pac, 52 S. t 3. t s e v sj di a c ' c us he s e m a be deci by t adm i sra i agenc and obvi est need f cour i el i See y ded he nit tve y at he or t nt wenton. Rva v. mlwnCor ,935F. 1 1 (t Ci.1 ) n Che a p. 2d 29, 31 7h r 991. Alhou Ã§(notxe f mul e ssf a pl ngt docrneofprmayj iditon,' t gh ((q i d or a xit or p yi he ti i r urs ci '' Env l Te h.Councl 98F. a 78 ( otng W . c,35 U. a 6 ,c t fe e l e o t. c i, 3d t 9 qu i Pa . 2 S. t 4) ours r qu nty mply a f f ort ,asf l s: our act est olow ( ) W hehe t queto a is i wihi t c veni l 1 t r he sin t sue s t n he on tona e re ofj sorwhehe ii l tc c lorpolc xpeince udge t rt nvoves e hnia iy consder i w ihi t agency' pa i arfel ofexperts i atons t n he s rtcul i d ie; ( 2) W hehe t que tona is i pa tc a l wihi t t r he si t sue s riulry t n he agency' dicr ton; s s ei ( 3) W h he t r e ssas tnta da e ofi onsse et r he e xit ubsa il ng r nc itnt r i ulngs;and ( 4) W hehe apro a ia in t t a n hasbe n ma . t r ir pplc to o he ge cy e de N atlCom m c' A s p,46 F. at222.Cent Tel Co.ofVa.v.SprntCom m c' Co.ofVa. ' ns s' 3d , . . i ns , 759F. Supp. 772,7 ( D. 2011.Theco tmus as baanc t a ntge of 2d 86 E. Va. ) ur t lo l e he dva a s appl ng t docti agai tt pot i cos sr uli f om com plcatonsand del i t yi he rne ns he ental t es tng r i i ay n he a nita i pr c di .Ric v.Chi M e c ntl Exc ,409U. 28 321( 973 . dmi sr tve o ee ngs c i . r a ie h. S. 9, 1 ) N TELO S ar guest t sdiput pr hat hi s e operl s d be r ved by t FCC l tt cour y houl esol he es he t Ã»becom e em br l i t t c oied n he echni as s'oft f consr i Acces Tel cal pect ' arif tucton. s ecom m .v.Sw . BelTe. ,1 F. 605,609( hCi.1 ) NTELOSpoi so ta t I l lCo. 37 3d 8t r 998. nt ut h t he CORE Taifi rf s m or t 500 pagesl a has over400 sec i ,and i com pried ofm any i ty t m s e han ong nd tons s s ndusr er a a r nymst tma i difc tt unde san NTELOSco e t tr s vk t sdiput nd c o ha ke t fiul o rt d. ntnds ha e ol ng hi s e w ilr r t cour t consr varoust l equie he to t ue i echni t m st have partcul connot i and cal er hat i ar atons mea ngs i t t ecom m uni i i ty,i udi whet Sprntpr l or ed DTT ni n he el catons ndusr ncl ng her i opery der s ces undert t m soft I ervi he er he CORE Tarf ,i ty gui i and s andar . N TELO S ur if ndusr delnes t ds ges t cour t consi t si ue agai tt backdr ofyear ofl tans r r t i by he to der hi ss ns he op s ocal r port estuc urng t FCC a sugges st tt FCC i i t bes poston t ass how t I he nd t ha he s n he t ii o ess he CORE Tarf s d if houl be i er et i lghtofr i i vi ot si iart if nt pr ed n i ulngs nvol ng her m l arf s. N TELO S ass st t defnii s i i t I RE Tarf r i upon by Sprnt ert hat he i tonal ectons n he CO if eled i ar i i t t e f e dentcal o hos ound i anot t ifused w i y i t i t y,t N atonalExchange n her arf del n he ndus r he i CaresAso ainTaif(I rir s cito rf I NECA Taif', tSprn ' c tucinoft I rf ) ye its onsr to he CORE Taifs rf' t r s r contar t t w a t s e pr sonsoft NECA Tarf ar i er e ed e m uns r y o he y he am ovi i he if e nt pr t t oug t i ty.I pa tc a ,Sprn a g sfom jj2. an 6.. ( ( & ( t tt hr hout he ndusr n riulr it r ue r 6 d 13.A)2) 3) ha he 21 I CORE Ta ifo y pe m isN TELOS t c r a DTT r t f rc t i s r c s gm e s W hie rf nl r t o ha ge a e o era n e vi e e nt . l t defnii t tappearst s he i tonal es o upports aconsructon,t N ECA A ccessChar H andbook, uch t i he ge perai ng t i i s i oft N ECA Tarf ,a t ni o dentcal ectons he if ppear t suppor t cont ar posii ie. so t he r y ton, . , t tan l C such asSprntcan or a be pr ded s iched accessser cesby a LEC s as ha X i der nd ovi wt vi uch NTELOS o aTST bass Asar ul, n i. es t NTELOS a gu t ta ptonofSprntsloston b t r es ha do i i ' ii y he courtw oul r ti i d esul n ncons sentapplcatonsofi i t it i i dentcal ennsi t I n he CORE and NECA Tarf s lkel t caus wi pr conf i acr t i ty. if , i y o e des ead uson oss he ndusr Spi a g st tNTELOShaswai disprmayj idito agume bywatngs rnt r ue ha ve t i r urs cin r nt ii o l t r se t i ue i t s cas Spri posist t s cas doesnotpr ong o ai he ss n hi e. nt t hat hi e esentany com plcat i ed ort chni i uesbeyond t ken oft courtand t tt scas m ay be deci bas on t e cal ss he he ha hi e ded ed he pl n m eani oft I ai ng he CORE Tarf undert fl r t doct ne. Spri cont if he ied a e ri nt endst tt ha he unam bi guoust m soft I er he CORE Tar f do notalow NTELOS t char Spri f TST if l o ge nt or s vi f t s ent ati ue i t s cas r dl s ofwhatl acces s vi w er er ces or he egm s ss n hi e egar es ocal s er ces e or red by Sprnt Sprntar de i . i guest t fl r edocti undeni bl srcti applca i does hat he ied at rne, a y ti n i ton, notalow N TELO S t char Sprnta r t nots l outi isfl t f . Fi l Sprntar l o ge i ae peled n t ied arif naly, i gues t tt itrssof usieaeno sr db dea ngt smat a f tert alow t FCC t ha he neet j tc r t eve y lyi hi ter ny urh o l he o w ei i on t diput gh n he s e. On one hand,t cor i s i t s cas s sr atvel sr ghtor d: Do t he e s ue n hi e eem el i y tai f war he defnii s i oft I RE Tarifalow N TELOS t char t hi i tonal ectons he CO f l o ge he gherTST r esf at or t ace Sprn c lsta r i t s gme t o t NTELOS s t m a is ?1 O n is f , j2. o t it al r ve sng he e n s f he yse t s ue 4 6 f he I CORE Ta ifdei st s sgme sa bengDTTa j6.. A)2 pr de t taDTTrt rf fne hee e nt s i nd 13( () ovi s ha ae a ple f s h ac p is or uc ommunia inspa h.Co itnty,j6. . A)3 sa e t tt TST r t c to t nsse l 13( ( ) tt s ha he ae : Sprnti ntfest os s gme sast s gmen fo t Roa oke Se v ng W ie Cen e t t W a es o End 4 i de ii h e e nt he e t r m he n ri r t r o he yn bor Of i ean t s fc d he egme f o t Roa nt r m he noke Se v ng W ieCe e t t NTELOS Ta m . ri r ntr o he nde 22 a plest a dif en com m uni a i pa h, ha oft e s gm e tb t e t t e a t e d p i o fer t c tons t t t h e n e we n he and m nd he n ofi Becauset DTT r e i t onl r t t applest t segm ent i ques i Spri f ce. he at s he y a e hat i o he sn ton, nt ar gues t t s cas pr hat hi e esent no t s echni orpolcy isueswar antng a r er alf a f ual cal i s r i ef r or act det m i i by t FCC. er naton he On t ot hand,m any ot pr sonsoft I he her her ovi i he CORE Ta f s rif uppor N TELOS' t ar entt an l s asSprntm us speciy and or t l acces s cesi r r gum hat XC uch i t f der he ocal s ervi t equies. Thee r rporsfldb NTELOS i oppostont t moto f s xpe te t ie y n ii o he in or ummayj me rc nt r udg nt e ou t r a or hit y ofLocalTra portResr urng over he egul t y s or ns tuct i seen by t FCC overt pas t he he t wo decades. l hi exper r n s t eport N TELO S e tJefr W .Reynol chart t FCC ' , xper f ey ds s he S 1 i ve enti t scom plca ed and t nvol m n hi i t echni r t urng pr cal esruct i ocessback t 1992.5 R eyj j o w ds . s at t t FCC cl l pl t es hat he eary aced t r he esponsi lt f or ng DiectTr biiy or deri r unked Tr por ans t s vi on I CS s as Sprnt whie att s e tm e l ng t w ih t opton of er ces X , uch i , l he am i eavi hem t he i co i ngt us Ta m Swic dTrns t evie Re dsRe r, t #6 2,a ! 1 ntnui o e nde the a pors r c . ynol po tDk . 3- t 9. Reynol not t t FCC onl alow ed non-fir 1 LECS s asN TELO S,t fl t f sf ds es hat he y l -e , uch o ie arif or DTT u r eptofabo fderquetf DTT.1-a !20.Sprn a ee ,ort pur e of pon ec i na i e s or /. t it gr s f he poss t sm oton onl t no s r hi i y, hat uch eques w asm ade by Spri untlN ovem ber2009. t nt i The exper r t fl by N TELO S s t epors ied ugges t t swich f om TST t DTT s vi t hat he t r o er ces wa notasmpl matrofus c ngigt rt a Sprntsmoi pr fr.Rahe t sr c s s i e te j t ha n he ae s i ' ton ofes t r he evie pr ded ar i enty di f ent Forexam pl N TELO S sat t underTST,t l ovi e nher l fer . e, t es hat he ocal exchange c ri hast burden ofens i t i hasadequat capaciy t handl t l ar er he urng hat t e t o e he ong : Re dsta e t FCC' ove sgh o t sp o s ba kt isFis Tr ns tOr eris edi 1 2,whih hi 5 ynol r c s he S r i t f hi r ce s c o t rt a por d s u n 99 c s Expe t p tq e asf l : t-'e r t sr t e a prci ofs t hed ta p ta e t ke t ne ofa r Re or uot s olows Ã§ h a e tucur nd i ng wic f r ns or r he ys o r gult ysr tr desgne t pr ec e aor tucu e i d o omot ompeii f i esaes the ta p ta itr xc nges r iea d tton or ntrtt wic d r ns or nd ne e ha e vc n t e o ageefiin us oft a e snewor t rby pomotnge onomi i sme andi ton. o nc ur fce t e he cc s t k hee r i c c nve t nt nnovai ' ' Re n lsRe o tDk . 6 - , t! 1 ,1 ( u tn l t Matro Trn n r RaeS r cu ea dPrcn , y od p r, t # 3 2 a ! 4 5 q o ig n he te f a s o t t tu t r n ii n CC Do k t 9121 , 9 - 4 7FCC Rc . 0 6( t b r1 , 9 2 c e No. - 3 FCC 2 4 2, d 7 0 Oco e 6 1 9 :. dit s ance car i staf i w hie underDTT t bur s fst t l dit rer' r fc, l he den hit o he ong s ance car i t m ake rer o s e i or ssuf ci capaciy t ha e a1 ofist af i ur t der fi ent t o ndl l t r fc. N TELOS expl nsf t t t I ai urher hat he CORE Tarf pl t oblgaton on Sprntt t l if aces he i i i o el N TELO S w ha s vi i w ant t or . Chapt 5 oft I t er ces t s o der er he CORE Tarif entted Acces f, il s Or i s derng, pans27 pagesand pr desde aied or i r r ent The l accesss vi ovi t l derng equiem s. ocal er ces o de f r t r d a Ac es Se vieRe es C$ ', o d f rno ls t n 47dif r n r r o m, e me n c s r c qu t ASR' pr vi es o ) e s ha fe e t vald confgur tonsunderw hi a cusom erm ay or s iched acces s ce. W ihoutan i i ai ch t der w t s ervi t or fom Sprnt N TELO S ass t t i had no w ay t know w hi conf gur i Sprnt der r i, ers hat t o ch i aton i s oughtand t t pr si ofDTT s vi w ihoutan A SR r hat he ovi on er ces t eques i t s e was tng he am pr i l and t actcaly echni l i pos bl caly m si e. Bot Sprnta NTELOS a guet tap ton ofj5. 1oft eI h i nd r ha ori 2. h CORE Ta if s ciyi rf, pe f ng t or i r r he derng equiement f s iched accesss ce,supporst rposii SeÃ§ton 5. 1 s or w t ervi t hei ton. i 2. is fi s t el s even pagesl ong,and each part f es on t frs par aph oft s s i whi y ocus he i t agr hi ecton, ch sat asf l vs; t es oloN 5. 1 Sw iched Acces Servi 2. t s ce W hen or i Sw iched A ccess s ce, t cus om er must derng t ervi he t s f t diectonalt of t s ce and whet t s ce i peciy he r i iy he ervi her he ervi s t bepr de a ()Die tTr d Trns tfom t s r ng o ovi d s 1 rc unke a por r he evi wiec ntrt tee ofieo ( Diec Tr edTrns r fo r e e o h nd fc r 2) r t unk a po t rm t s ng w ie cent t a t he ervi r er o andem whi connect w ih Tandem ch s t Sw iched Tr portf om t t m t t end of i W hen a1 or t ans r he ande o he fce. 1 a pori of ser ce i or ed as D iect Tr ton vi s der r unked Tr port t ans , he cus om er m us s f t t and quantt of D iect Tr t t peciy he ype iy r unked Tr ns r f ciiy ( g. Voi Gr d Hih Ca ct DS1orDS3, a po t a lt e. , ce a e, g pa iy or Sync r h onous Optca Cha OC3 o OCl ) a t hu o' i l nnel r 2 nd he bs r A DM equi pped w ie cent si ved. r er nvol Spri ar nt guest t fr ts ence oft s s i unam bi hat he is ent hi ecton guousl s y upport isposii t tt st ton ha he I CORE Tarifonl alow sN TELOS t pr de and char Sprntf D TT ser cesbet een t f y l o ovi ge i or vi w he s ng w ie cent and t end offce ort ervi r er he i andem . To be s e,t f t t ssent ur he act hat hi ence onl y mentonsDTT s vi support Sprntsconsr i A tt sam e tm e,however,t s s ence i er ces s i ' tucton. he i hi ent doesnotcl l s a e t DTT s vi i t onl t ofser ce t coul be pr ded. Ot eary t t hat er ce s he y ype vi hat d ovi her pa s g i j5. 1a pea t s es t tTST s r ie c n beor r d.Fore m pl t ve y s a es n 2. p r o ugg t ha e vc s a de e xa e,he r ne tsntnc ,whihope wiht prdiaet tll he a1orapo to oft sr iei x e e e c ns t he e c t ha swl n l rin he e vc s or ed asD iectTr der r unked Tr por,' ai y s ans t'pl nl ugges st apori oft or can s f t hat ton he der peciy TST.TST i as meni do t ne pa eofj5. 1 whihpr desÃ§l he ac tme ha s lo tone n he xt g 2., c ovi Ã»wj n uso r s bot Tandem Sw iched Tr por and DiectTr h t ans t r unked Tr por a t sam e end of i t ans t t he fce, he c tme wilbepovi dAlenaeTrfi Routnga stfrhi Se ton6. 6C)f l ng.l uso r l r de tr t afc i s e o t n ci 4.4 olowi '6 ' Ot s tonsoft I her ec i he CORE Tarf m ake cl t oblgaton oft l C t t lt LEC if ear he i i he X o el he wha sr c siwa si a ASR.Fore mpl,CORE Taifj2.. r uiest tt l t evie t nt n n xa e I rf 14 eq r ha he XC prviera o enoieoft sr ie rq rd.Se to 5. sae t tÃ»ll c t rs al o d e s nabl tc he e vc s e uie cin 1 tts ha tthe usome h l pr viet t Telp o d o he e honeCompa y t or ri or tonr quie i Se ton 5. 'a j6. 2 n he de nf ma i e r d n c i 2,5 nd 1. pr dest tsw iched A cces Ser ce i or ed undert A ccessOr pr sonssetf h i ovi hat Ã§ t s vi s der he der ovii ort n Se ton5. ' Furhe ,j6.. A)oft I ci 2. t r 13( 5 he CORE Taifr uie tel ditnc c rir whe rf eq rs h ong sa e are , n or i D TT,t s f Ã§t t ofD iectTr derng o peciy dhe ype r unked Tr por and w het i w ilovertow t ans t her t l l o Tandem Sw iched Tr portw hen s vi i diecty r ed t an end of i ' These s i t ans er ce s r l out o fce.' ectons pl nl pl t bur on Sprntt or t s ces i needsand r s questonsast w het ai y ace he den i o der he ervi t aie i o her isSone r e ft al' ar ents resw ih t a1 oft t m s oft I t Ã§ at is l' gum qua t he l he er he CORE Tarf and t way if he t i he ndusty hasopera ed underi and si iart ifpr si r t t m l arf ovi ons. I i cl ,t t s ear heref e,t t I or hat he CORE Tarf r r Sprntt orderw hatl acces if equied i o ocal s s vi i w ant t pur e f om N TELOS. Sprntar er ces t ed o chas r i guest r dl s ofisoblgaton t hat egar es t i i o 1 Th c ta ec a e t tt s s n e co d be c sr d c it n wih Sp i ' ar 6 e our ppr i t s ha hi e t nce ul on tue ons se t t rnts gumen ,a i doe not t st s d s ut t t NTELOS'bilng ofTST s r i esbet en t N TELO S t nde a t e of ie wa co r c . i p e ba li e vc we he a m nd he nd fc s r e t Howe r t s s t nc i notlm iedt t ts na i a i ,fa y,a cl ra mud. ve , hi en Ã§ e s i t o ha ce ro nd s r nkl s ea s or ,t ew as onl one t ofs vi t t I der her y ype er ce hat he CORE Tari alow ed i t or and t t ff l t o der hat he fl r e doct i r r NTELOS t r und Sprntf m oni pai i exces oft DTT r e. ied at rne equies o ef i or es d n s he at The m anneri whi t e t pari oper ed f seven year and ot i ci of n ch hes wo tes at or s her ndi a i ty pr i s ndus r actce ugges sot w ie.To be s e,t fl r t doc rne doesnotalow Sprntand t her s ur he ied a e t i l i N TELO S t agr t a r t ot t t ts f t i t t rif. See,e. ,M ai i l o ee o a e her han ha et orh n he a f R. sln ndus.U. . S. Ic. PrmavSt llc.497U. 1 6,1 (1 ) D. Swai Ga Co.l v.Di ePielne n v. i r ee. n , S. 1 26 990 ; S. n s .nc. xi p i Co.911F. 721 1 W L 11 ,a * ( hCi.1 )(npubls dt eo ni ;MCl , 2d , 990 2071 t 2 4t r 990 u ihe abl pi on) W ordcom N et or Ser .l v.Paet Com m c' l ,N o.Ci A . 479,2005 W L l w k vs. nc. ec ns. nc. v. 04-1 21 49 a * 5( D. Aug.31 2005 .Thepu pos o t docrnei t p e ntprc 45 9, t 3- E. Va. , ) r e f he ti s o r ve ie dicrm i i am ong cus om er . Thi case doesnotpr entcicum sances how ever oft t s i naton t s s es r t , , he wo pari actng i a m anne t s r t t ift beneftone cus om er. Rat ,t pari actng at tes i n r o kit he arf o i t her he tes, i ar ' l h,opera ed f seven year wih Sprntpayi N TELO S t perm i e,per m ie r t m s engt t or s t i ng he - nut - l ae f TST se ces. G i t l ge am ountofmoney i ved,t f t Sprntw asbil and or rvi ven he ar nvol he act hat i led pai f TST s vi f s a l perod oftm e s d or er ces or uch ong i i uggest t t i ue i notas cl cutas s hat he ss s ear Sprntc e . W e e i a c e ra Sp i m ai a ns o c nnothe p bu wonde w h i t ok i pnt nds r t s l a s rnt nt i , ne a l t r y to Sprnts l t r i o ong o eques a r und oft cl m ed over ge. t ef he ai char l addii t t cus om and pr tce oft e t o pari overt s n ton o he t ac i hes w tes he even year bet s ween 2002 and 2009,N TELO S ofer evi f s dence t t cusom and pr i oft i hat he t actce he ndusty i gener r n al i consit w ih isvi t tt I s s ent t t ew ha he CORE Tarf alowed i t pr de and bilSprntf TST if l t o ovi l i or ser ces. As det l i t expertr tofGar M .Zi r t,ot s i t i t y have vi aied n he epor y nga eti her n he ndus r i e pr t d i n i all ngua e i t w i l us d N ECA Ta ift alow a l dit n c r i rt nt r e e de tc a g n he de y e rf o l ong s a ce a re o Ã»use Tandem Swiched Tr s t ansports ce as isprm ar f m oftans ervi t i y or r porti leu ofD iect ni r Tr nke Tr ns r. Se NECA Ac es Cha g Ha dboo j6, tp. 5,atc d a Ex. Zu d a po t' e ' c s r e n k, a 6- ta he s GM 26 4t Ex r Re tofGayM . ngaet( . 653) AsZi rti xpl ns t NECA o pe t por r Zi rtiDkt# - . ngaete ai ,he Ac e sChag Ha bookpr de g da et moet n l1 l a e ha ss j c t t cs re nd ovi s ui nc o r ha ,00 oc l xc nge ube to he N ECA Tarf . N TELO S ar if guest Spri ' cons r i oft I RE Tarf t r r DTT hat nts t ucton he CO if o equie s vi and r esi i er ces at s nconsst w ih t w ay t i ty hasoper ed underi i i ent t he he ndusr at dentcal pr si oft NECA Tarf . N TELO S hi i st rsk ofi ovi ons he if ghlght he i ncons sentapplca i of it i tons smia trf lng geasasg fc n fcori j tf ngarfrnc t t FCC. i lr aif a ua iniia t a t n usiyi eee e o he The cour agr t ees. l ndeed,applcaton oft NatonalCom m uni i f or i t s i i he i catons act s n hi cas s e upporsa r er t ef ence t t FCC. Fis ,t courtbelevest t pr sand r r ent o he r t he i hat he oces equiem s f or i s iched acces s cesi vest or derng w t s ervi nvol echni consi atonswihi t FCC' cal der i t n he S pari arfel ofe tcul i d xpertse. Overt pas t decades t FCC hasbeen dealng wih l i he t wo , he i t ocal tans tr tuct i and i w el- pped t ass t t r por esr urng s lequi o ess he echni r r ent ofw ha Sprnt cal equiem s t i or ed and w hatN TELOS pr ded and t or i pr sby w hi t e s cesw er t der ovi he derng oces ch hos ervi eo be r equesed. The or i s rct esoft I t derng t i ur he CORE Tarf al r 27 pages and det l if one un , aied t chni i uesconcer ng t r r ent oft or i pr e cal ss ni he equiem s he derng ocessar bes fr tdiect t t e t is r ed o he FCC.Pl nl whe he NTELOS wasal dt bilSprntf TST s r c sc lsf rt ai y, t r lowe o l i or e vie al o he gui dance oft FCC ast t oper i oft Fcc- oved I he o he aton he appr CORE Tarifi t r a or f n he egult y fam ew or consr ed by t FCC f t pr son ofl acces s ces. Second,t si s r k tuct he or he ovii ocal s ervi hi s ue f l squar y w ihi t FCC ' di e i Thid,t cour i pari ary concer by t f t als el t n he S scr ton. r he t s tcul l ned he ac t ti i pr si oft N ECA Tarf ar i er et by t i ty i a m annerdif ent ha dentcal ovi ons he if e nt pr ed he ndusr n f er f om t advocat by Sprnt t r sng t subsantaldangerofi r hat ed i , hus aii he t i nconsit r i on s ent ulngs i i pr si ofpar l t ifs.The concer overi dentcal ovi ons alel arf n nconsit r i com pel t cour s ent ulngs s he t t c l et a t e rieandkno e oft FCC a t ho t i ty i epr t smia o oncud h t he xpe ts wldge he s o w he ndusr ntr es i lr t ifpr sons a oper esi pr i i crtcalt t pr arf qvii nd at n actce s ii o he operr uton oft pr entdi e. esol i he es sput A not subsantalr her t i eason m otvatng t cour t r ert sm atert t FCC i t i i he t o ef hi t o he s he pr i and t actcal echni i pos biiy ar entr s by N TELOS. N TELO S ar cal m si lt gum aied guest t hat he I RE Tarifr r i t pr de ser cesor ed by Sprnt and t i cannotr Spri ' CO f equies t o ovi vi der i, hat t ead nts m i and gues att s cest be pr ded.N TELO S'expertReynol s at nd s he ervi o ovi ds t es: Abs a vald A SR fom Sprntf DTT bilng N TELOS had no ent i r i or li basi f s ichi Sprntt D TT and w as unabl t antci t and s or w t ng i o e o i pa e pr s on t DTT ne wor confgur i and tans ovii he t k i aton r port el ent em Spri desied. The pr ence of a vald and cor ect A SR has nt r es i r i i i not onl f access bilng but al f t pr mplcatons y or li so or he oper pr si ng of t net k f lt t be utlzed by an I . ovi oni he wor aciiy o ii XC W ih t out Sprnt co m uni a i t t i m c tng he ype of DTT bilng li ar angem ent NTELO S hasno w a ofknowi t e par e er r , y ng hes am t s. Re dsRe tDkt#63- a !25. Thi ma ss ns t t c ur a wel.I s r,hi c s ynol por, . 2, t s ke e e o he o t s l n ho tt s ae t nson t t ur he echni consi atonsas at w ih t oblgaton of Spri t or DTT cal der i soci ed t he i i nt o der s vi undert I RE Tarf . Such (t er ces he CO if techni consder tonsar bes r ol i t fr t cal i ai e t es ved, n he is i t nsance,by t FCC,t agency w ih bot t experie i t t he he t h he ts n hese echni i uesand t cal ss he m a et el dat and i pl entt A ct' Adva t .LLC v.Spri Com m c' Co. L. . ndat o uci e m em he .' m el nt ns . P. l F. 25 Supp. 800,8 ( D. 2001.Fi ly,t c r doe notbele t fc t tt s 2d 05 E. Va. ) nal he ou t s ive he a tha hi m a t rha no ye be n pr s nt d t t FCC di i s t b eftofobt ni t be ftofis te s t t e e e e o he m nihes he en i ai ng he ne i t know l edge a experence on t shi y com plx and t nd i hi ghl e echni is cal s ue. The courtf am est i s f r er r he s ue or ef ence asf l s: W het undert FCC r at y olow her he egul or f a e o k, het r s o t I r m w r t e m f he CORE a s m ia t rf s a i us r c t a pr tc , nd i l r a if , nd nd t y usom nd ac i e NTELOS wasper it t pr de and char Sprntf l accesss cesatt Tandem m ted o ovi ge i or ocal ervi he Swich d Tr ns tr t durng t 20 09 pe i d i qu ton? To be s e t r i no f r al t e a por a e i he 07ro n es i ur , he e s o m r f ra me hg s b whih ac ur c n on isown a t rt de nd orr ues adee mi ton e e r l c nim y c o t a t u ho iy ma eq t tr nai fom a qg nc Retrv. pe ,50 U. 258, n. ( 993) Rahe ,hepr e si r n e y. ie Coo r 7 S. 268 3 1 . t r t oc s s s ewhatI om oose,res tng i a say oft e pr uli n t hes oceedi s ast gi t pari an opport t ngs o o ve he tes uniy wi nwhiht a yt t FCC f isviwsont is r sdheen.l (ii Unie t hi c o ppl o he ort e he sue aie ri d.ctng td Sae v. . c. Co.352U. 59,6 ( 95 ) Gra Am. nkCa Cor v. Doa tts W Pa R. , S. 4 1 6 ; e t Ta r n. El rdo Temi lCo.3 U. 422,43 ( 9 ;a Mic lCo &- Co. Pa R. , U. r na , 08 S. 3 1 40) nd thel al cok: v. . Co.230 S. 247, ( 91 ). 267 1 3) The courtr ecogni t a r eraloft sques i t t FCC m ay res ti s e zes hat ef r hi ton o he ul n om addii del oft s m ater. G i how l i hast tonal ay hi t ven ong t aken Sprntt r s t si sue,however i o aie hi s , t cour belevest any atendantdely w ilbe m or t of setby t t he t i hat t a l e han f he echni know l cal edge a d i usr e pere e br ugh t be rb t FCC ast t f c ua is c e ni how t n nd ty x i nc o t o a y he o he a t l s ues onc r ng he i ty oper esw ih r d t t or ng ofs iched acces ser ces and partcul l w ih ndus r at t egar o he deri wt s vi i ary t r a dt whehe t i epr tton oft I eg r o t r he ntr e ai he CORE Taifpos d b S itc rf e y prn ompo t wih i ty rs t ndusr pr i To m i m i t i pac oft sdel however,t s ay w ilbe oflm ied dur i actce. ni ze he m t hi ay, he t l i t aton. The casew ilbe sayed f ei m ont onl untlM ay 15,2013. l ,by t tm e,t FCC has l t or ght hs y, i f hat i he no r e on t is r f re t i,ati a e sngal r mani q tons icl ng t e t uld he s ue e e r d o t ral ddr s i l e i ng uesi , n udi hos r f r e y t FCC, ilpr e d i t sco t e e r d p he w l oc e n hi ur . IV. Fort s raons NTELOS'moto frs he e e s , in o ummar udg nt( .#50 i DENI a yj me Dkt ) s ED nd ismoint sa a rfrt t FCC ( t #6 i GRANTED.Be us t smatrwilbe t to o ty nd ee o he Dk . 4) s ca e hi te l r ered t t FCC,t cour need notconsi t m ert ofSprnt sm oton f s m ar ef r o he he t der he is i ' i or um y j me ta t tmoto ( . 5 )wilbeDENI a t stme udg n, nd ha in Dkt# 7 l ED t hi i . 29 An a pr i t Or rwilbee e ed. p opra e de l nt r Ent ed: Augus 6,201 er t 2 / , : .0 / #p +/ - % # c Mi chaelF.U r banski Unied St esD it ctJ t at sri udge 30

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