-JGW St. Paul Fire and Marine Insurance Company v. Hoskins et al, No. 5:2010cv00087 - Document 119 (W.D. Va. 2012)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Michael F. Urbanski on 3/7/2012. (jat)
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I THE UNI N TED STATES DI STRI COURT CT FOR THE W ESTERN DI STRI OF VI CT RGI A NI H A R R I N BU RG D I I O N SO V SI rl6*r$ QrFf t. (4 rcour . c: /s 1$ , ATi I K NQtFQ V W RI Jk A FI LK 2U ST.PAUL FI AND M ARI RE NE I SU R AN CE C O M PA N Y , N Pl ntf , ai if 21 22 ' 2F P WK C i lA c i N o.5: 0c vi ton 1 v087 V. H E RBER T H . O SK I S,e aI, H N t . By: M i hae F.U r c l bans ki U nied St es D i ri Judge t at st ct D ef endant s. M EM O R AN DU M O PI I N N O Thi m a t r i be or t c t pl i ifSt Pa Fie a M a i I ur nc Com pa s s te s f e he our on a ntf . ul r nd r ne ns a e ny' (dtPa ' M oi nf rSu r J d me ta d S p o t M e rnd m ( t#s8 a d9 ) E . u1) to o mmay u g n n u p ri S ' ng mo a u Dk . 9 n 0 a p oî d fn a tJR. e lyHos is Ob e to t S mma yJ dg n a d S p o t g nd r q e e d n . W se kn ' j cin o u r u me t n u p ri n Me a mor ndum ( . 9 a 95 .Theot rf pr â dee t i t smatr Hebe t Dkt#s 4 nd ) he our o q fndans n hi te, r r H. Hos ns Melni AnnHos ns Ke uckyLumberSal ,LLC (s nt ky Lumber),a ki , a e ki , nt es t uc Ke ' nd Bl grs W oodPr t,LLC (t uegrs ',di nottl me r ndai oppostont StPa ' ue a s oducs ç Bl a s' d ie mo a n ) ii o . uls moinf rs mmayj d me t Thematrh sb e f lyb ifd, ndt ec u t ado a to o u r u g n . te a e n u l re e a h o r he r rl ar m e on J gu nt anua y 1 201 r 0, 2. Si e t he i t pari s ha notfe t c tt tH e ber H os ns a M e a e nc he arng, he te ve ii d he our ha r t ki nd l ni A M H os nsha f l d Cha e 7 banknl c pr e ngsi t U nie St t sB a upt y ki ve ie pt r pt y oce di n he t d a e nkr c Co tf t Ea t r D i ti tofK e uc Bec us oft e f toft aut a i s a ur or he s e n s r c nt ky. a e he f ec he om tc t y a s ae wiht s ba u c pr e ngs s e11U. C.j362() t sco tor r on socitd t he e nkr pty oce di , e S. a ,hi ur deed J nua y 30,201 t tt above ca i d m aterbe s a a i r at t H e be tHos nsa a r 2, ha he - ptone t t yed s t el es o r r ki nd M ea i Al Hos i s ( t # 1 6. S . u as fldmo in f rd f ut u me t ( t# ln e m k n . Dk . 1 ) tPa l lo ie to s o e a lj dg n ,Dk . s 1 a 1 ) puruan t Fe r lRul ofCi lPr e e55( a ns Ke uc Lumbe a 01 nd 03 , s t o de a e vi oc dur b) gai t nt ky r nd Bl e r s.Th c u t r n e t s moi n a de tr dd fulj d me t a an thet u g a s e o r g a td ho e to s n nee ea t u g n s g is t wo Ke uc lmie la lt c portons(t ') ( .#s11 11 ) Ac or ngl StPa ' nt ky i td ibiiy or ai é LLCs'. Dkt 6- 8. c di y, . uls pe dn moinf rs mma yj d me t nl a p ist JR. e lyHo kn .Th c u ti s n ig to o u r u g n o y p le o . W se s is e o r fnd t tge ne i s s ofm a e i lf c e s c e ni J. .W e l y H os ns kno l dge and i e ha nui s ue t r a a t xi t onc r ng R se ki ' w e nt nt t a p e l es mmayj g n .Th rf r ,h mo inf rs mmayj g n mus b d ne h t rcud u r ud me t e eo e t e to o u r ud me t t e e id. S . u i t efd lt i s rn ec ni ro Ameia W o d r Co p rto (Ameia t Pa l s h i ei n u a c a e f rc n o ma k r o ain t rc n y t W o d r ' , W i h se, r i i b s dc b n t n fcu e .S . u ha s e d fn a t o mak' a nc e tr Vig na a e a i e ma u a t rr t Pa l s u d e e d n ) H e be tHos ns hi w i e M e a e AM Hos ns hi s J. . e l y H os ns a t o r r ki , s f , l ni ki , s on, R W s e ki , nd w Ke ucky LLCSor ni d by hi wie a s Kent ky Lum be a Bl gr s f da a s nt ga ze s f nd on, uc r nd ue as , or m ge r uli f om an a l d s hem e t de r ud A m erca W oodm a k. I countone St Pa cl i s es tng r lege c o fa i n r n , . ul a m He be tHos nsbr c d a fduc a y dut owed hi f r re pl r Ame ian W oodmar l r r ki ea he i i r y s o me m oye , rc k. n co t St Pa a lgest tt f ot rdef nt a de a a ted Her r Hos ns unt wo, . ul le ha he our he enda s i d nd be t be t ki ' br a h ofhi fduc a y dut l c st e and f tr St Pa as e t c ec s i ir y. n ount hr e o z, . ul s rs omm on l w a saut r a nd t t o y busne sc pia y cai s I s ,St Pa as e t t tde e nt defa d Am e i n i s ons r c l m . n um . ul s rs ha f nda s r ude rca W o d r b ( )s ligi lmb ra ifae p ie a d( )tkngiswo d srp a ltl o n o mak y 1 eln t u e tn ltd rc s n 2 a i t o ca t it r o e c ta r eli i f a s t i lpr i. os nd es lng t or ubsanta oft He ber H os nsw a e pl ed by Am e i n W oo a k aslz berm a ge f o J r t ki s m oy rca dm r lm na r r m une 1 2002, hr 0, t ough A pr l8,2009,a ispl nti H a a d, e uc i t t a n z r K nt ky. St Pa alege t t a l be . ul l s ha , s um r ma ge , r r Hos nswa r s na r He be t ki s e ponsbl f pur ha i a ma nt ni ha dwood a s li i e or c sng nd i ai ng r nd e lng wood s r p as oc a e wih isca ne manuf curng pr es c a s i t d t t bi t at i oc s. O n A ugus 8,2005, e be t os ns'wi e M e ani A M H os ns a t i s n, R . t H r r H ki f, l e ki , nd he r o J. W e l y H os ns or ni d K e uc Lum be a Bl gr s I doi s M e a e AM H os ns se ki , ga ze nt ky r nd ue as . n ng o, l ni ki us d he mai n na lM elni AM Bur t 'a JR.W e l Hos nsus t na ei n e e r de me, é a e net' nd . sey ki ed he m û m s l Robe tW e l y H os ns' St Pa a l ge t ts ty afe t a tcl ofor ni ton f r se ki . . ul le s ha horl t r he r i es ' ga za i or K e uc Lum berw e e fl d,H e be tH os nsar a d f A m e i n W oodm a k t be n nt ky r ie r r ki r nge or r ca r o gi pur hasng l c i umbe fom Kent rr ucky Lumbe .Ame i a W ood a k publs c por t r rc n m r ihed or a e pur hasng gui i seac m o h t ts tuppe prc lm isf l be pur has .Ac r ngt c i delne h nt ha e r ie i t or um r c es co di o t al ga i i t compl i ,He be tHos nsc itnty pur e l he le tons n he ant r r ki onsse l chas d umbe fom Ke uc rr nt ky Lum be t te e d t lm ises a i hed by t gui lne . St Pa a l gest te h r ha xc ede he i t t bls he de i s . ul le ha ac pur s fom Ke uc Lumbe wasneg it d by He be tHos nson be fofAme i a cha e r nt ky r ota e r r ki hal rc n W oodm a k a by M e a e Ann Hos nsorJ. . es e Hos nson be fofK e ucky r nd l ni ki R W ly ki hal nt Lum be .To e dencet i i ve e i t l r vi her nvol m nt n he umbe pur ha e ,St Pa r f r nce Amerc n r c s s . ul e e e s ia W oodma k pur ha eor r wih Ke uc Lum be ,ndia i on t i f cet tt y we e r c s de s t nt ky r i c tng he r a ha he r confr byi me 'orS U''ase bist t moi f s imed va s' t I' xhi t o he ton or ummayj AI , r udgmen . tl St Paulal o a l gest t i f t r nc oft s he e t de r Am e i a W oodm a k, . s le ha , n urhe a e he c m o f aud rc n r Heber Hos nsne itdac r c bewe P. M ur For tPr t Co porton(t J. r t ki gotae onta t t en J. phy es oducs r ai ç P. Mur ' a Bl gr sf t purha eofwoods a Ac or ngt St Pa ' algai , phy') nd ue as or he c s crp. c di o . uls le tons H e be t os nspe s r r H ki r uade hi s r s sa Am e i a W oodm a k,s i i ly St n Re on, d s upe vi or t rc n r pec fca l a dm t a l Bl r s t obt n s o low ueg a s o ai uppos dl worh' s wood s r p f om A m erca W ood a k f e y tl s e ca r i n m r or d he e e l he c a or ubsa i ott o . ltl ornot ng. Bl a swoul t n r s l t wood s r p f a s t ntalpr i t P.J ite hi 2 uegr s 1St Paulcl mst tM el eAnn Hos nsus hermai na ,Bur t on t Ke ucky LLCS or nia i ai ha ani ki ed den me ne q he nt ' ga z tonal . doc nt a he mi ename Ann,o t purha eor r i a e f tt co ea heri ntt fom Ame ia ume s nd r ddl , n he c s des n n for o nc l de iy r rc n W oodmak. St Paulf t rcli t tt us oft na çl me 'ont pur has or swasdonet diguie r . urhe ams ha he e he me ta s' he c e der o s s t i ve e ofdeenda JR. ese Hos ns he nvol m nt f nt . W ly ki . 2Bl r s fr tpur has d t wood s r p fom Ame i n W oodmak f $10pe t a t prc wasltr ueg a s is c e he ca r rca r or r on, nd he ie ae r duc t $5pe t Eve ual Bl as obt nedt wood s apatnocos.Bl r sr ol t woods r p e ed o r on. nt ly, uegr s ai he cr t ueg as es d he ca t P. Mur y f $20pert o J. ph or on. M ur phy. St Pa as alege t tHe be tHos ns1 d Re ont belevet tFr d Fa hne , . ul lo l s ha r r ki e dm o i ha e e r pr i ntofP..M um hy,w a a t l t ow ne ofBl r s . es de J s c ualy he r ueg a s A m erc W ood a k r qui e ise pl est r por pot nta c lc s ofi e e t i an m r e r s t m oye o e t e i l onf i t nt r s . W hie H e be t os nshad r por e a c l c ofi e es i t pa t3he di notdi cl e a l r r H ki e t d onti t nt r t n he s , d s os ny po e ilc lc ofi er s r r ngt ta a tonswih Ke ucky Lum be orBl gr s On t nta onfi t nt e t ega di he r ns c i t nt r ue as . M a c 25,2009,Amerca W oodma k r e ve a a nym ouswhite owe notfc ton rh i n r ec i d n no slbl r ii a i i ntf ng t el ni A nn Bur t' asH e be tHos ns w ie, el ni A nn H os ns l a s de iyi i a e M ne t' r r ki ' f M a e ki . t l o i ntfe he asa ofi rofKe uc Lum be .Upon r cevi t whitebl rnotfc ton, de ii d r n fce nt ky r e i ng he sl owe iia i Am e i n W ood a k pe f m e an a l i ofal l rca m r ror d na yss 1 umbe ve r s vi t Ha r f c lt r ndo s er ng he za d a iiy a di cove e t tA m e i a W oodm ar waspa ng s bs a i ly m or f l be pur ha ed nd s r d ha rc n k yi u t nta l e or um r c s f om K e uc Lum be t n fom a ot rve r nt ky r ha r ny he ndor St Pa a l est tHer r Hos ns' . . ul leg ha be t ki a tonsc us Am e i a W ood a k t ove pa Ke ucky Lumbe $243, 105 ove t c s c i a ed rc n m r o r y nt r 38 . r he oure i rc n m r s nves i ton r r H ki oft ee a one ha fye r . D ur ng A m e i a W ood a k' i tga i , He be t os nsw as hr nd l a s4 ques i d by t c pa shum a r our s die t a ad it t pur s ng l be f om tone he om ny' n es ce r c or nd m ted o cha i um r r hi w ie and s scom pa w ihoutnotf ng A m e i a W oodm a k oft pot t a c lc of s f on' ny t iyi rc n r he en i l onf i t i e es. 0n Aprl8,2009, e i n W oodm a k t na e He ber Hos ns e pl ntr t i Am rca r enni t d r t ki ' m oyment . Thene da Aprl9,2009,P..M ur sFa hne c le Am e i a W oodma k' xt y, i J phy' e r a ld rc n r s Re dmon t a k i P..M u phy c d c i t buy wood s r p fom Amerc W oodm a k o s f J r oul ontnue o ca r ian r t ough Bl r s .Prort t sphone c l, dm o had no knowldgeoft a r men hr ueg a s i o hi a l Re n e he range t be we Bl r s and P. .M u phy. Upon f t ri tga i A m erca W oodm a k t en ueg a s J r urhe nves i ton, i n r c l ul e t tove t cour eoffve ye r P.. ur pa d Bl a sat a of$1 1 280 f a c atd ha r he s i a s J M phy i uegr s ot l , 30, or r t ki ii rc r t tal ontit ntr t Aer s on ly 3I e ry 2005,H eber Hos nsnotfedAm e ianW oodma k ofapoen i c lc ofi e es a hi s Bil n al H os nsbe n wor ngf Pi M ount n Lum be Compa oneofAm e i n W oodm ak' vendor. ki ga ki or ne ai r ny, rca r s s 4TheK e uc Lumbe i c w ee s t Am e i n W oodm ak' W i nt ky r nvoies r ent o rca r s nchese ,Vigi a,c port ofi e fom tr r ni or ae tc s,r wh c tep y n swe ema e S eCo li t ! 1 ( t # 1 . ih h a me t r d . e mp an , 5 Dk . ) wood s r p ac r d fom Am e i a W oodma k.Bl gr s pa e st Am e i a W ood a k c a quie r rc n r ue as ' ym nt o rc n m r f t s mew ood s r p t al onl $73, or he a c a ot ed y 380.Thus Bl r s net d $1, 900 fo t s e , ueg a s te 056, r m he al ofA m e i a W oodm a k' w ood s r p. rc n r s ca A f e i ntf ng t l s f om bot t ove pa e oft l be and t s l ofw ood t r de iyi he os r h he r ym nt he um r he a e s r p,Am e i n W oodm ar m a a c ai t St Pa on isf de iy i ur nc polc es St Pa ca rca k de l m o . ul t i lt ns a e i i . . ul pad Amerc W oodm a k $1, 300 ont cli a wasas i i ian r 259, he a m nd sgned Ame ian W oodma k' rc r s rght a ns def nda s twaslt rdee m i d t tt ove pa i s gai t e nt .l a e tr ne ha he r yment t Ke uc Lumbe s o nt ky r we ec c aed i r c l a Ame ia W oodma k r mbur e St Pa $59, 54,yil ng r alul t ncore ty, nd rc n r ei s d . ul 056. e di at a cai fg eof$1200, 46. ot l l m i ur , 243. I I. I ismoin f rs mmayj dg n , tPa lag e t t h r aen g n ieis e o n t to o u r u me t S . u r u s ha t ee r o e un su s f maeilf ti diput a t ti i e il t j tra ac n s e nd ha t s ntted o udgme a amatroflw onalf rofis nt s te a 1 ou t c a m s I countone,St Pa a s t t tH e be tHos ns br a d hi fduci r dut t li . n . ul s ers ha r r ki e che s i a y y o Ame ia W o d r b ( )fiigt ds l et th swiea ds no dKe t c yLl e rc n o ma k y: 1 aln o icos ha i f n o wne n u k z r mb a Bl gr s;2)ca i Ameia W oodmakt o r yf l nd ue as ( usng rc n r o vepa or umberboughtfo Ke uc r m nt ky Lu e ; n ( )mir p e e tn t ev leo Ame ia W o d r swoo s rpa pemit g mb r a d 3 se r s ni g h au f rc n o ma k' d ca nd r ti n Bl gr st ac r i f rltl ornot ng. ue as o quie t o ite hi I c n ountt St Pa ale s t tM e ani A nn H os ns JR .W es e Hos ns K e ucky wo, . ul l ge ha l e ki , . ly ki , nt Ltm ber a Bl gr s a de a a te H e ber H os ns br c ofhi f duc ar d y be us l , nd ue as i d nd be t d r t ki ' ea h s i i y ut ca e: ( )t yhada t lknowldgeoft e senc ofHebe tHos ns'fducir dut tlough 1 he cua e he xit e r r ki i ay y lr knowldgeofhi poston wihi Ameia W ood r ( t yhada ua knowldgeof e s ii tn rc n mak;2) he ct l e Hebe t ki 'vai a insi brac oft tdut a ( t pa tcpae i Hebet r r Hos ns rous cto n e h ha y; nd 3) hey rii td n r r Hos ns br ac ofhi fduca y du y by s li l be a i l td prce a con ri t ki ' e h s i ir t e lng um r t nfae i s nd ve tng he wood s ap. cr I c n ountt ee St Pa cl i s t ta 1fve def nda s a e la e f ci lc piac t hr , . ul a m ha l i e nt r i bl or vi ons r y o co mi fa a c m t r ud nd onver i ast y a t d i c e tt i e i l conc la mir pr en son he c e n onc r o nt ntonaly ea nd se es t m a e i lf c sr a i t A m e i a W oodm ar st a a tonsw ih K e uc Lum bera t r a a t el tng o rc n k' r ns c i t nt ky nd Bl gr s i or rt m i l ad a def a A m e i a W oodm a k. ue a s n de o s e nd r ud rc n r Fi l i c naly, n ountf ,St Paula l est ta 1fve de e our . leg ha 1 i f ndant a e la e unde V i g ni s s r i bl r r i a' busne sc pi a y s a ut bec us t y ac ed i c i s ons r c t t e a e he t n once tf t pur e ofw iluly a r or he pos lf l nd maiiusy ij rn Ame ia W o d r sb i e s Asars l o ti vilto , t Pa l lco l nu ig rc n o mak' usn s . e ut f h s o ai n S . u a gue t ti i e il d t t e e dam age ,a t nw y' f s a c t pur uantt Vi gi a' r s ha t s ntte o r bl s to s ee , nd os s s o r ni s sau ep o iii gmaiiu ij r t b sn se . ttt r hb tn l o s n u y o u ie s s c Asn tda o , . ulsmo inf rs mmayj g n i c re typ n i o y o e b ve StPa ' to o u r ud me t s u r nl e dng nl a ns J R.W esey H os ns who tl d a m em or ndum i oppos ton t t m oto JR . e l y gai t . l ki , ie a n ii o he i n. . W s e Hos nsa gue t tSt Pa ha notpr e e e de s tcintt esa iht thehad ki r s ha . ul s es ntd vi nce ufi e o t bls ha knowldge ofHer r Hos ns br ac ofhi fducir dut aded a a te He be tHos ns e be t ki ' e h s i a y y, i nd bet d r r ki i t i b e c , re g g di ac n pia yt d fa o maii u l ijzeAme ia W o d r n hs ra h o n a e n o s rc o erud r lco sy n t r rc n o mak. 11 1. Un e Fe e a Rueo Cii Pr c d r 5 ,h c u tth l g a ts mmayj d me ti d r d rl l f v l o e u e 6 t e o r t al rn u r u g n f s t m ova s st tt r i no g ne di put ast any m a e i lf tand t m ovan i he nt how ha he e s enui s e o t r a ac he ts e t ld t j d me ta amatro lm ' Fe R. v. 5 () Ceo e Co v Cart, 7 ni e o u g n s te f a ' d. Ci P. 6 a ; ltx p. . tet47 t U. 31 322(1 6) Nguye v.CNA Cop.44F. 23 236- ( h Ci.1 .W he S. 7, 98 ; n , 3d 4, 37 4t r 995) n m a ng t sde e na i t cour s d cons de i he pl di , pos tons a we st ki hi t nni ton, he t houl i rt t ea ngs de ii , ns r o itrogaores anda si ontl,t t rwih...(nylafi vis' ie byt pates ner t i , dmisons ie ogehe t a tda t'fld he ri . 6 Cel e 477 U. a 322.W he he af ti m ae ilde ndson t r e nts tntve lw, otx, S. t t r ac s tra pe he elva ubsa i a andtl nl diputsove fcst tmihtafctt outomeoft s tunde t goveni lw doj y s e r a t ha g fe he c he ui r he r ng a wil r p ryprcu et ee tyo s mmayj dg n .Fa t a ds u e t a aeirlv n o l p o el e l d h n r f u r u me t cu l ip ts h t r ree a t r unnec s aywilnotbec e ' esr l öuntd. 'Andes v.Li lv Lobbysl , U. 242,248( 986 . ron be' t nc.477 S. 1 ) The m ovi pa t be r t i ta btr n ofde onsr tng t a enc ofa ge ne i s of ng ry a s he nii l z de m ta i he bs e nui s ue m a era f c . Ce o e 477 U . a 323, quve 44 F. a 237. I t tbur hasbe m e , he t i l a t l t x, S. t . N n, 3d t f ha den en t t non- ovi pa t m us t n c e f w a d a es a i h t s c fc m a e i lf t i di put t m ng r y t he om or r nd t bls he pe i i t r a ac s n s e o s r ies mmayj d me t as s iaElc I d s Co v Ze ihRa i Co p, 7 U. 5 4 u vv u r u g n .M tu ht e .n u . . . n t do r .4 5 S. 7 , 586- ( 87 1986) iAlr a ona ei eenc drwnfom t e de emus bevi . 1 1 e s bl nfr es a r he vi nc t ewedi t lg n he iht mos fvorbl t t pat o i t moton,' çllmees i il ofe de es t a a e o he ry pposng he i 'butsa r cntla vi nc uppori tng a c e i i uf i i nt' N cuve 44 F. d a 237. as s ns fc e . ' n, 3 t A. N eihe pa t a es ed t c lc s ofl w i s i t s c e,e h as um i t t t r r y ddr s he onfi t a s ue n hi as ac s ng ha Vigi alw a i The c lc soflw is de e v mor t n pa sng s r i howe r r ni a ppled. ontit a s ue s r es e ha s i c utny, ve , a a lofde e nt 'co s l f nda s nduc a t ppea st ha t ke plcei t pr miy ofAme ian r o ve a n a n he oxi t rc W oodm a k' plnti e s e n Ke uc a 1oft Hos nslvei Ke uc a t t LLCS r s a n a t r nt ky, 1 he ki i n nt ky, nd he wo we eor a ze i Ke uc Am e i a W oodma k pa d t Ke uc Lum be i c fom is r g ni d n nt ky. rc n r i he nt ky r nvoies r t co po a e of i esi W i hes e ,V igi a, nd pr s a y t s antBl r spa e sw e e r r t fc n nc t r r ni a e um bl he c ueg as ym nt r c e t d t easwe l n t sdi st c e,t cou tmus a y sat s t ntvel EreR. r die her l.I hi veriy as he r t ppl t e ubsa i aw. i Co. Tompki ,30 U. 64,78( 938) Unde t nlei Kl Co. Stnt Elcrc v. ns 4 S. 1 . r he l n axon v. e or e ti M a ufcu i Co, 3U. 4 7, 9 (9 ) afd rlc u t itn i Vignaa de riig n a trng .31 S. 8 4 6 1 41 , e ea o r sti g n r ii n xecsn di riyj iditona i Vigi a' c c oflw r es l at ta ton s h a t s Vigi a ve st urs ci pples r ni s hoie a ul . n or ci uc s hi, r ni a ist 1x l iX lç ir e,whih r r a iaton oft l oft plcewhe et pple he e oc i . ul t c equies pplc i he aw he a r he 7 wr t pl c J sv. S. one a As ocit . nc. 246 Va. 5, S. 2d 33,34 ong ook a e. one R. J s nd s aes l , 3, 431 E. ( 993 .Thepl eoft wr f pupos soft 1xl delcinlei defneda t plc 1 ) ac he ong or e he e oci it l s i s he a e w he e t l s e ntne es ar t m a an a t r labl f a a l ge t t a pl ce e n i t r he a t ve c s y o ke c o i e or n le d or t kes a , ve f he a t hasno c r ove t l a i oft tl s e nt Ouiln v. ntlPlvt xsl . 789 F. cor ontol r he oc ton ha a t ve . le I ' a e nc, 2d 1 41 1 44 ( hCi.1 .I t sc e,hels a tne esay f e c oft camsase tdi 0 , 0 4t r 986) n hi as t at c c sr or a h he li s re s t r s bl r la by Amerca W oodwor on t al ge y fa e i c sa he ea ona e ei nce i n k he le dl r udul nt nvoi e nd pa e s w hi h t pl e i V igi a w he i pa d t l be i ce and pr es e t w ood ym nt , c ook ac n r ni n t i he um r nvoi s oc s d he s a pa e si isco po a e of i s i W i heser A st l s was s t i d i V igi a t cr p ym nt n t r r t fce n nc t . he os us a ne n r ni , he c t ila y V igi a l w t t s a e cl i s ofbr a h offduc a y dut ai ng a a ti our w l ppl r ni a o he t t a m ec i ir y, di nd be tng br a h offduci r dut co m on 1 w c piac a vi a i oft s a e bus ne s c pi a y ec i a y y, m a ons r y, nd ol ton he t t i s ons r c saut Se J da v.Sha I .I , 96- 89,1 W L 734029,*3(t Ci. tt e. e or n w nduss nc.No. 21 997 4h r Nov. 26, 1 ( i Re ttme ( rt Confit ofLa j377,n.4( 934) f t prpostont t 997) quotng sae nt Fis) lcs ws 1 , or he o ii ha $ g h napes ns san ls b fa d teplc o t ewr n i wh r t l si s tie t wl e t ro u ti s o s y r u ,h a e f h o g s e e he os s usan d, notwhe et fa entr e e a i a em a ,' a hol ngt tç hedititc t dno r he r udul epr s nt tons r de '' nd di ha s t src our di t e ri c r n hoos ng,ast 1 w gove ni t f a c a m s t l oft St t i w hi e c pl i if i he a r ng he r ud l i , he aw he a e n ch a h a ntf r pe tvel washea reeda r eve dee nts...( se esnttonq' Aval v es ci y dqua tr nd ec i d fnda ' mir pr e ai l; onBa Communii .nc v. il n,No.1: c 777,2009W L 2431 ,*6n. ( D. Aug. tes I . W lde 08-v571 5 E. Va. 7, 2009 ,afd,392F.App' 209( hCi. 0)(ppl ngVigi a1 t cl msoffa ) f' x 4t r 201 a yi r ni aw o ai rud, bus ne scons r cy,t tous i e f r nc a a di a a tng a br a offduci r dut i s pi a ori nt r e e e, nd i ng nd beti e ch i a y y whe epl ntf ç ea ona y r le on t fa ulnti c i Vigi a a c c ks...i r ai if t s bl e id r he r ud e nvoies n r ni nd ut hec n Vigi a' ;CasUnlmied1.I v. 'M ot Co.I , F.Supp.2d740,750( D.Va r ni ' r i t l nc. Natl or snc.472 l E. . 200 ( di i afa a cons rc ca e t tlhelw oft f u wheet pa t 7) hol ng,n rud nd pia y s ,ha s a t he or m r he ry alege y def a d i he l dl r ude s adqua t r d g er t tc a m sas s h l al i bot t pl e w he e r e e ov ns or l i uc oc e s h he ac r s c p ryr le o t f lerp e e tt nsa dwh r isl swa s ti d'; n te l d s. u h a t eid n he as e r s nai n ee t os s usane ' l se l n u . o l l v. tnz Contaci Co.276F.Supp. 479,486- ( D. 2003)(ppl ngNorh nc. Cosa a r tng , 2d 87 E. Va. a yi t Caol alw t a o r iln fa d cam a iigo t fac n tu to p o e ti F e eiks u g r i a o n veb lig ru li rsn u o o sr cin rj c n r d rc b r , n Vigi a be us t f s i ce we e r le upon a pad outofpl ntf sc por t r ni , ca e he ale nvoi s r e id nd i ai if or a e hea resi No t Car i ) dqua tr n rh olna . B. l or rt s ce d on acli f br ac offducir dut unde Vigi alw ,St Pa n de o uc e a m or e h i a y y r r ni a . ul mus e t bls t e se e ofadut abr ac oft tdut a da a pr ma el c us d by t sa ih he xit nc y, e h ha y, nd m ges oxi t y a e t br ac oft dut SeeCa se e v. lil nd Cor ,247 Va. he e h he y. r t ns n Clrsa p. 433, 44,442 S. 2d 660, 443E. 666 (994) Anage yr ltons p,a i t e oye-e oyeer ai hi crae a 1 . nc eai hi s n he mpl r-mpl eltons p, e ts fduc a y du y on t par oft a ,ore pl ,t t prnci l ore pl . Ba v. i ir t he t he gent m oyee o he i pa , m oyer nks M a i l d s o Va, n .27 Va 4 8 4 2 5 , 5 S. 2 6 7 6 ( 0 ) tA) e o e , ro n u . f .l c, 4 . 3 , 5 - 3 6 0 E.d 8 , 95 20 7 . $ n mply e ( i l ng a empl ye a- l, ncudi n o e- twil owesafducar d y ofl t t hi e pl i i y ut oyaly o s m oyerdurnghi i s e o e , W ila sv.Domi on Tec Pa t s L. C. 265 Va. 0,289,576 S. 2d 752, mplym nt' lim ' ni h. rners L. , 28 E. 757( 2003) a t sii ir dut ... o bist e oye fom aci i ama ra re , nd hi l ducay y prhi t he mpl e r f tng n nne dve s t hi e oye ' i e es . HibsRoc a Hn lon Co.ofRi o s mpl r s nt r t' l ' al nd mit chmond v. pe 247Va 240, De w, . 246,440S. 2d918 921( 994) Ho r (g hehe (ne oyee'ls cii c E. , 1 . weve,fwl t r a mpl s pe fc onduc tke ta n p irt r sg ain (rtr n to lb e c e afd cayd t r q r sac s byc s a ay i. ro o e in to o emiain r a h s iu ir uy e uie a e a e n lss' ' Fe m a & Co. C. A. P. v.La an As oca es P. ,260 Va. 42,530 S. 2d 668,672 dde n s P. S C. ng s it s C. 35, E. ( 0) 20 0 . tvigi a1 alowsa t r pa t t belabl f anot rpa t sbr c offducir dut t r ni aw l hid ry o i e or he ry' ea h i a y y whe t tt r pa t knowi y pa tci t d i t br a ' Ava onBa 2009 W L 2431 a n ha hid ry ngl ri pa e n he e ch.' l v, 571 t *11.Thus unde Vigi al w,St Pa m a r c ro isc am f ai ng a a ti abr ac , r r ni a . ul y e ove n t l i or di nd betng e h 9 o fd ir d t u d rc u tt i ic ns o t tJR. e lyHo k n : 1 h da t l f iucay u y n e o n wo f t a h w ha . W se s i s ( ) a cua knowl oft e se oft fd ir d y,( ha a t knowl oft br c oft t edge he xitnce he iucay ut 2) d cual edge he ea h ha d t , n ( )p riiae i teb e c o tetd cayd t Haia Co v. a h v aBa k u y a d 3 a t p td n h r a h f h i u ir uy. lfx m. W c o i n , c 268Va. 660- 604S. 2d403,41 1 ( 4) Thewor C tci t 'nt sc e 641, 62, E. 2- 3 200 . d i i pae'i hi ontxt par i ispup os ulconduc ,whih m e t tt de e mple ef t c ans ha he f ndan da t ly knowsabr ac of t tcua l e h fducar dut i occ rng a pa tci t swih m e r i t cons m m ai oft br ac ... i i y y s uri nd ri pa e t ns ea n he u ton he e h (no d rt be h l la l f radn a d a etn t b e c . I , 8Va a 6 4 6 4S. 2 a i r e o ) ed ibe o i ig n b tig he ra h' d.26 . t 6 , 0 E.d t ' 41 Stt d anot rway,JR. e ly Hos nsçmus a fr tvel a d t br a wih t 4. a e he . W se ki c t f ima i y i he e ch t he r quiie me r ,orc pa e sae ofm i ' Aval e st ns ea ul bl t t nd. ' onBa 2009 W L 2431 a *11 y, 571 t . St Paulaguest time t t ssa r be us JR.W ese Hos ns ( )kne hi . r ha t es hi tndad ca e . ly ki : 1 w s f t rwast plntl be m a ahe he a um r nage a t r o eha knowl r nd he ef r d edgeofhi dutesa s i nd r s o i l is ( )h da t l n wld eo Heb r Hos i ' r a h o hsfd cayd te i ep nsbite ; 2 a cua k o e g f r e t kns b e c f i iu ir u is n i c eai t conti tofi er twih Ken uc Llmbe a Bl r s , m a ng f l onc lng he lc nt es t t ky l r nd ueg a s ove yi or umbe r boug fom Ke uc Lum be ,a pr vi ng t wood s r t Bl r sf ltl ornot ng; ht r nt ky r nd o di he c ap o ueg as or ite hi a ( pa tcpaedi Her r Hos ns br c sbyusngalas i de i wihAmeia nd 3) rii t n be t ki ' ea he i i es n alng t rc n W oodm a k,s li l r elng umbe a i l t d prc s a obt i ngwood s a r t nta e ie , nd ani cr p. Ase de ir s vi nta y uppo tf J. W e l y Hos ns i ve e i t l be s l s St r or R. se ki ' nvol m nt n he um r a e , . Pa fr tpoi st t ha ul is nt o he ndwrte name S a es' t t itn t m 'on he t ima i n W ih'lneoft l confr to t 'i he Ame i a W oodma k pur ha e or r wih Ke uc Lumbe . Se Afi vi ofGlnn Ea , rc n r c s de s t nt ky r e tda t e nes Ex. ( t # 0 5 .S . a l o tn ta t û a s' ee e c do t e ed c me t i JR. D Dk . 9 - ) t P u c ne ds h the i me 'r fr n e n h s o u n s s . l W es e Hos ns a t tt s s gna ur s st he w asc ly ki nd ha hi i t e how hat once i hi i iy a a H os ns alng s dentt s ki f l me amiy mberfom Am e i a W oodmar a hi pa tcpai i t over ym e sf l r rc n k nd s rii ton n he pa nt or umbe r pu cha e f om K e uc Lum be . I r t rs a k c r tt St Pa ' a s to , R . es e r sd r nt ky r n a he t r ontas o . ul s s eri ns J. W l y 10 Hos nsde e t tt na eE n e 'on t s pur has or r r f r t hi ,t the sgne any ki ni s ha he m é m s' he e c e de s e e s o m ha l i d pur s or r ,ort the t a a t d a l be orw ood s r p bus ne s w ih A m e i a cha e de s ha r ns c e ny um r ca i s t rc n W oodmak.SeeAfi vi ofJR.W ese Hos ns ! 1 1 2123( . 95) Asf t r fda t . ly ki , ! 4- 5, - Dkt# . urher s uppor f risc e i t tJ. W ese Hos nskne ofa pa tci t d i He be t ki ' t o t ont nton ha R. ly ki w nd ri pa e n r r Hos ns over ym en s t K e uc Lum ber St Pa al o r f r nc s M e ani AM Hos ns i e r t r pa t o nt ky , . ul s e e e e l e ki ' nt r oga o y r s ns .Not ng i t s i e r t y r pons s howe r s e po es hi n he e ntr ogaor es e , ve , uggesst tJR.W esey t ha . l Hos nsha a r e i t l be a w ood s a pur has s. l ki d ny ol n he um r nd cr p c e ndee J. . e l y H os ns i d, R W s e ki s no m en i t toned i M el ni A M H os ns i e r a or r pons s Ra he ,s s a es ç ow n bot n a e ki ' nt r og t y es e . t r he t t : $ l h Compa e a 1buy a s l ll be a s wdus .'5 See M ea eAnn Hos ns Ans rt nis nd nd e l tm r nd a t' lni ki ' we o Plitf' It ro ao yl Dk . 9 - ) an ifs ner g tr ( t# 0 3 . A se de i r s vi nta y uppor f is c e i t tJ. . es e H os ns kne ofand t or t ont nton ha R W l y ki w pa tc pa e i t t l ofA m erca W ood a k' wood s r p,St Pa poi st t s l s r i i t d n he hef i n m r s ca . ul nt o he a e a ee en s be w ee P. .M ur a Bl gr s , R . es e H os ns i e r t y a w e s a gr m t t n J phy nd ue a s J. W l y ki ' nt r oga or ns r nd M eani AM Hos ns'r pons t r quessf a ison. On isf e neihe t W ood Byl e ki es es o e t or dm s i t ac , t r he Pr tPur ha e sal Agr men be we n Bl gr s a P.. ur noriss e nt oduc c s / e ee t t e ue a s nd J M phy t ubs que ame ndme ma anyrf e t J. W e lyHos ns ( eDk . 90-11)Neiher nt kes eernce o R. se ki . Se t # . t ag e m e i sgned by hi . The pur has / a e a e m e i s gne by W ila H . os nsas r e nt s i m c e s l gr e nt s i d li m H ki ow ne and A M Bur t asm a ger The a e r ne t na . m ndm e be r onl t s g t e ofW ila H . nt a s y he i na ur li m Hos ns. The a f da tofFa hne ,pr i ntofP. . ur ki f i vi e r es de J M phy,t w hi h t ag e m e and o c he r e nt ame ndme ar atac lke s ma snorfr nc t JR.W ese Hos ns ( eDkt#90nt e t hed,i wie ke ee e e o . ly ki . Se . 1 )Nordot i er t yr pc e ctdbySt Pa esa ihanyr ebyJR.W ese 3. he ntrogaor es ms s ie . ul tbls ol . ly 5st Pa rf r t t m aeralobti by Bl r sfom Am e i n W oodm a kastwood s r p,'a t Hos ns ul e e s o he t i aned ueg as r rca r t c a ' nd he ki r f t i asçs e er o t çawdus ' orç t' t' ç dus ' 11 Hos nsi Bl a s a quiii ofwood s r p fom Amerc W oodm a k. JR. e ly ki n uegr s ' c ston ca r ian r . W se H os ns r s ki ' e pons st t s i e r t i sr a asf l s e o he e nt r oga or e e d olow : 6. l ntf a de c i a and a1 c de iy nd s rbe ny l omm uni tonsbet e you cai we n andP..Mur For s Pr uc Cor ai (T..M ur '. J phy et od t porton G J phy'l R ESPON SE: M y ans r m a ns t s m e. 1don' r m e ber 1 wer e i he a te m . neve r ly ha e t f ont e s de of t bus nes . Tha w as r ea l ndl d he r nd i he i s t m y mom . 1don' know how t s landbuy l t o el umberordus .Tha ' t ts notwha Ido. Idon' r m e r who lt ke t But lt nk I t t e mbe al d o. hi ca l d a ound t tm e ofa le r he i boutAprlorM a 2009. i y 8. l ntf a de c i i deai a a a1 commt cai de iy nd s rbe n t l ny nd 1 mi tons bet en you a He be tHos nsr lt d t t ma t ss tf t i we nd r r ki ea e o he ter e orh n t C o pl i . he m a nt R ESPON SE: M y a w e r m a ns t s m e. l bele t ns r e i he a i ve he conve s ton w a s e i e ba k i 2004 or 2005. I don' rai s om tm c n t r me be . And t c e m r he onvera i 1bele t plcea my f s ton ive ook a t onner plceofr i nceof1 Sa Par rRd,Gr KY 40734. a esde 285 m ke ay, S eJR. e lyHo kns S p e na Ans r t I tro ao i s6a 8( t #9 - ) e . W se s i ' u plme tl wes o ne r g tre nd Dk . 0 2 . Li w i e, he r pons t St Pauls r quess f a i s o s we by M el ni A nn H os ns ke s t es eo . ' e t or dm s i n el d a e ki m a no m e i ofany know l ke nton edge oforpa tc pa i i t w ood s a pur ha e a s l by r i i ton n he cr p c s s nd a es JR.W e ly Hos ns Ther ue tf a ison a r pons ciedby St Pa sae t . se ki . eq s or dm s i nd es e t . ul t t he f l ng' olowi . 3. Adm i t t you ac eptd pa nt fom P. M ur t ha c e yme r J. phy For t es Pr oduc s Cor f wood s a a r d fom Amerc t p. or crp cquie r ian W oodm a k. r A ns er# 3. Y e ,be us Iha con r c w ih P J M ur w s ca e d t a t t phy. Se M ea eAI Hos ns Repo et Requ tf Admison3( . 90- 1.Twoot r e lni m ki ' s ns o es or s i Dkt# 1 ) he rs e pons t r ques s f r a i s on pr de by M el ni AM Hos ns notcied by St Pa , es o e t o dm s i ovi d a e ki , t . ul bea on t i s oft c a m e pa tc pa i ofJ R.W es e H os ns i t ta ac i nsw ih r he s ue he l i d r i i ton . ly ki n he r ns to t 12 Am e i n W ood a k a P. M ur rca m r nd J. phy. Herr s est Re t f Adm ison 6 and 7 sa e e pons o quess or si tt asf l s: olow 6. A dm i t t y w or d w ih J R. W es e H os ns i t t ha ou ke t . ly ki n he pr pa a i of i c t A m e i a W ood a k f t s e of e r ton nvoi es o rc n m r or he al l be . um r A ns er # 6. W e l y di not pr par i c t A m e i n w se d e e nvoi e o rca W oodmar ldi k, d. 7. Adm i t t you wor d wih JR. W e ly Hos ns i t t ha ke t . se ki n he pr pa a i of i c s t P. M ur For tPr t Cor f e r ton nvoi e o J. phy es oduc s p. or t s l ofl be . he ae um r A ns e # 7. W e l di notpr pa e i voi e t P JM ur w r s ey d e r n c o phy,1di d. Se M ea eAnn Hos ns Repons t Req ssfrAdmison6a 7 ( .#90- 1.I e lni ki ' s e o uet o si nd Dkt 1) n s t t e de e ct d by St Pa doesnots hor, he vi nc ie . ul uppor i a s ri t tt r i no genui is of t s s e ton ha he e s ne s ue m ae i lf ta t JR. ese Hos ns knowldgeofand pa tc pa i i Her r Hos ns t ra ac s o . W ly ki ' e rii ton n be t ki ' br c offducar dut Rahe ,t e de eadduc d by St Pa s ea h i i y y. t r he vi nc e . ul ugge t t tt r ar s s ha he e e m aera is off c t r m ai diput t il s ues a t hat e n s ed. I e J. W e ly Hos nsa fr ai l de e ne ry a loft f c sa lgedby St nde d, R. se ki fim tvey ni s a l 1 he a t le . Paul W hieJ. W e ly Hos nsc ede t the kne hi f t rwor d a Amerc . l R. se ki onc s ha w s ahe ke t ian W oodmar a l be buye ,heas e t t the di notknow hi f t rss cii du i so k s um r r s rs ha d s a he ' pe fc te r whet rheha prci r s he d i ng e ponsbiiyov t ta a tonswih Ke uc LumberorBl r s i lt er he r ns c i t nt ky ueg as . S eAfi a i o JR. e lyHo kns ! 3 4( t #9 - ) M o e v r h a srst a h ddn t e fd vt f . W se s i , ! - Dk . 5 9 . ro e , e se t h t e i o ha a knowldg a t whehe hi ft rha a r ec er ngt woods rp.lza !5. ve ny e e s o t r s ahe d ny ol onc ni he ca p.t By hi s n afi vi, R.W ese Hos nsa st thi f he t dhi t thi bos wa s wor fda t J. ly ki ver ha s at r ol m ha s s s a ovi t ta a tonsbewe n Am e i n W oodm a k,Ke uc Lum be ,a Bl r s .L. ppr ng he r ns c i t e rca r nt ky r nd ueg a s d s a !6.Heas a s rst t eb le e ta hsfte ds l e t Ame ia W o d r h s t lo se t ha h eiv d h t i ah r icos d o rc n o mak i moh rsivov me t t Ke t c yLu e a dBle r s.J a !7 JR. e lyHos is te ' n le n wi n u k mb r n u g a s Z t . . W se h kn 13 sa e t thedi no co ea hi i veme i t or ni to oft t Ke uc LLCSas tt s ha d t nc l s nvol nt n he ga zai n he wo nt ky t i e se i amatrofpublcrcor i Ke uck I a !9.JR.W e lyHos nsas her xitnce s te i e d n nt y. d. t . se ki lo a r t the wasno pr vy t A m erca W oodm a k' pr c ng gui i a t w asnota a e ve s ha t i o i n r s ii delnes nd hus w r t a t p ie c a g db Ke t c yLu e f lo tieo tos g d ln s I . t ! 1 - 1 As h the rc s h r e y n u k mb r el u sd f h e uieie . d a ! 0 1 . t t w ood s r p, R .W esey H os nsas e t t tBl gr s di notde r Am e i a o he c a J. l ki s r s ha ue a s d f aud rc n W oodma k by t ki t s us a heunde sood i wa waseposng apot nta e r r a ng he awd t s rt t s t i e i l nvionme a nt l h z r Jla ! 1 Co ta yt S . a lsa srint t . W e lyHo knssg e ptc s a ad. -s t 2. nr r o t P u ' se t ha JR. se s i in d t ha e t o r or sasEl der dames'i a at m ptt c ea t r l tons p bewe n t Ke ucky LLCSa t ' n n te o onc l he e ai hi t e he nt nd he Hos nsf miy,JR.W e ly Hos nscli st thedi notsg t epur s or r .l a ki a l . se ki am ha d i n hos cha e de s d. t ! 1 - 5 21 l s m, . W e lyHo kisa srst a heddn t rii t i a yb e c o ! 4 1 , . n u JR. se s n se t h t i o pa t pae n n ra h f c fduc a y dut ashe ne boughto s d a l i ir y ver r ol ny umbe orwood s a and di notpe s ly r cr p d r ona l t a a ta bus nes w ih Am e i a W oodm a k on be l ofK e uc Lum be orBl a s r ns c ny i s t rc n r ha f nt ky r uegr s . l . t !2 - 3. d a ! 22 l fc, u sin a o nda t j t a JR. e lyHo kns r l wa wi t et n a t q e to s b u s o us wh t . W se s i ' oe s t h wo h Ke uc LLCSasno de ii ha bee t n i t sc s Thus i i notknown whehe nt ky postons ve n ake n hi a e. ,t s t r J R.W es e H os nsw asan a tve pa tc panti t bus ne s ofK e uc Lum be orBl g as , . ly ki ci rii n he i s nt ky r ue r s a St Pa alege ,orwhe he he f tone i t m o e lm ie bookkee ra t a s r e s . ul l s t r unc i d n he r i t d pe nd ax dvior ol t tJ. W ese Hos nsouti i hi s pplm e ali enrga o y a we s The ehedes rbe ha R. ly ki lnes n s u e nt nt t r ns r . r ci d hi r e i t busnes es a f l w s' s ol n he i s s olo . 1 . D e c i i det l you r e,dute ,a r ponsbiii s a s rbe n ai r ol i s nd es i lte t Ke uc Lumbe Saes LLC (t nt ky Lumbe') a nt ky r l, ç uc Ke r' nd Bl as W oodPr s LLC (i ue as' . uegr s oduct, l gr s' Bl ) RESPON SE: Hepe my mom wih t bookkee ng a wih t x l d t he pi nd t a r t ns l r or d r ce pt a di bur e e s of f e ur . ec de e i s nd s s m nt unds l ng a ooki t t ba s a em en s a c c a w ho t c ks w e e m a he nk t t t nd he ks nd he hec r de pa bl t and t n posi t e t a a tons t a c ya e o he tng hos r ns c i o c ount . l s 14 r oncied t ba s a e e sea h m o h. lt n pr pa ed t t x ec l he nk t t m nt c nt he e r he a r t ns usng t a ountt t s Idi t s f bo h Bl gr s a e ur i he ec o al. d hi or t ue as nd K ent ucky Lum ber. Se JR. e lyHo kn ' p lme tl we t Plitf' I trog t r 1( t #9 -) e . W se s is Su pe n a Ans r o anifs n er ao y Dk . 0 2 . The o y s ci a tonsdie y a ti a et J. W ese Hos nsa e r f r nc d i nl pe t c i k r dl trbut bl o R. ly ki r e e e e n paag a 39oft a fda tofGlnnEa s ( . 90- ) l 2009,JR. ese Hos ns r r ph he fi vi e ne . Dkt# 5. n . W ly ki wr t t e l te st Am e i n W oodma k' Ea sde ndi pa e f lz be s d by o e hr e et r o rca r s ne ma ng ym nt or lm r ol K e ucky Ltm be . l t fr tl te , t M ay 7,2009, R . e l y Hos nst ls Ea t t ke nt l r n he i s e t r da ed J. W s e ki e l nes o a a addii lf fee bus nes dayst t onduc a r a ona e i tga i a t a alege n tona i t n i s oç c t e s bl nves i ton s o ny l d c nlc o itrs. Se Afi vto GlnEa e , L ( t# 9 - ) JR. e lyHo k n o tit f ne et' e fda i f e n s Ex. Dk . 0 7 . . W se s i s ' e e s c i ncet ts a i si ton woul r ol f vor bl t Ke uc Lumbe xpr s es onfde ha uch n nve tga i d es ve a a y o nt ky r s h t tpa e woul be f t om i notng t tt m one owedK e ucky Lumber uc ha ym nt d orhc ng, i ha he y nt C t amount t a oxi tl 70% ofmycompa swoki c pial' Ll l af l uplte of s o ppr maey ny' r ng a t . ts n olow- etr ' J 5, une 2009, R . e l y H os nsr J. W s e ki eque t i or a i o t s a us ofpa e . On J y 1 s s nf m ton n he t t ym nt ul 6s 2009, R . e l y H os nspenne a r t rhos ie r s J. W s e ki d a he tl e pons t Eane a r ntde a f a eo s' ppa e m nd or $3 000of s tf ove c r esf rl 00, fe or r ha g o umbe . l t slte ,JR.W ese Hos nsa s rst t r n hi e tr . l y ki s e t ha Ke uc Ltmbe pr vi ûhehi tquaiy ofl be a t l s pos i eprc Theprc nt ky l r o ded i t ghes lt um r t he owe t sbl i e. ie wasf i t bot c a r o h ompa esc i rng t hi rq lt oft l ni onsde i he ghe uaiy he umber' 1 Thel te a us . d. ' e tr cc es A m e i a W oodm ar oft ki l berw ihoutpa ng f i a pr i e t tA m erc n rc n k a ng um t yi or t nd om s s ha ia W oodmak wilç u frt l lc e nce .'L JR.W ese Hos nsc r l û fe he ega ons que s' i . s ly ki omme sont s nt he e l te si hi a w e t I e r a or 4,asf l s e t r n s ns r o nt r og t y olow : 4. Des i i de al your co muni a i crbe n t i m c tons wih Amerc t ian W oodm ar r at t t alegatons i t Com pl nt i udi k el ed o he l i n he ai , ncl ng t i ntt e w ih whom you s he de ii s t poke, t cont he ent of t he c m uni tonsand t da esoft s c m uni tons om ca i he t he e om ca i . 15 RESPON SE: l onl t l t s bod o e a 1 c n' e y aked o ome y nc nd a t ven r m e be whe e t t pe s wo ked or who 1 t l d t l e m r r ha r on r a ke o. t c d' bee s body fom W oodma k. l wa a oul ve n ome r r t s bout s e om tcke sor s e hi 1don' r m e be . 1di n' eve know w ha 1 i t om t ng. te m r d t n t wa tl ig a o t lwa j t r igt hepmymo s akn b u . s us tyn o l m. l a ton, on be l of Ke uc Lumber 1 wr e Amerca n ddii haf nt ky , ot i n W ood a k t l te s a 1 don' r gr t i. The t m y m om ' m r he e t r nd te e t y ook s l umbera t y di tpa f i. Ther i no ove a e and I nd he dn' y or t e s m ym nt a pr t sa up f m y mom and t lt m t y g t pa he m oud o t nd or el he he ot o y r c pa f t l be . om ny or he um r SeeJR.W e l Hos ns Ans rt Pli ifsI er t y4( t #90- .W hiet s ltes . sey ki ' we o antf ntrogaor Dk . 2) l he e etr s ugges t tJR.W ese Hos nsha mor i ve e i Ke ucky Lum be ' busnes t n t ha . ly ki d e nvol m nt n nt rs i s ha r feced i hi a we t l eroga or 1 t y a enots tcintt esa ih a am at rof1w e l t n s ns r o nt r t y , he r ufi e o t bls s te a t tJ. W e ly Hos nsknew ofa pa tcpae i hi f t rsbr a offduc a y dut I ha R. se ki nd rii td n s ahe ' e ch i i r y. n s r,be a e oft pa t ofe denc ast JR. e ly Hos ns knowl ho t c us he uciy vi e o . W se ki ' edgeofa nd pa tcpa i i t al ged br a offducir dut t co tc ri i ton n he le e ch i a y y, he ur annotg antSt Pa ' moton f r r . uls i o s mmayj g n . u r ud me t St Pa a gue t J. .W e l y H os ns a f la i w ih t K e uc LLC Si s fc e t . ul r s hat R se ki ' f ii ton t he nt ky s uf i i n t pr vet thea de and a t d hi f t rsb e h offduc a y dut r l ng on t Tvs ns o o ha i d bete s a he ' r ac i ir y, e yi he o Toyot ,I v. l Lie l ur e Co. N os 93- 359,93- 443,93- 444,1 W L 71 98 a ne. G obe f ns anc , . 1 1 1 994 75 ( t Ci. c 2 ,1 9 ) a dAv l n vd cso s Th s c s sd n tc ryt ed yfrS . 4h r De . 9 9 4 , n ao Ba e iin . e e a e o o ar h a o t Pa . To be s e t Fourh Cic tCour ofAppe s i Tvs Tovot s a est tç ons r tve ul ur , he t r ui t al n ons a t t ha ç t uc i c notc ofa br ac off d i r dut s t est hol a t r pa t la e f pa tc pa i n i t ie e h i uc a y y ufk o d hi d ry i bl or ri i to n he br c ' 1 4 W L 71 ea h. 99 ' 7598a *3(ii Pats v.Horly,70Va.29Gr t)263,276( 877 , t ctng te on se ( at. 1 ) and W . Chas & Co. I v. f k Na ' Ba ofCom me ce& Tr ss,151Va.1 L. e . nc. Norol tl nk r ut 040,1 45 S. 725,726,730( 928).Butknowldg c tuci orot r s onl gesStPa haf E. 1 ) e e, onsr tve hewie, y t . ul l way t a dspr ng a c a m ofa di a abe tng br ac oft d i y dut I a ton t ow r ovi li i ng nd ti e h i uc ar y. n ddii o 16 knowldg ofabr c oftducir dut St Pa mus pr JR. ese Hos ns pa tcpai e e ea h i a y y, . ul t ove . W ly ki ' ri i ton i t br ac The Tys Tovot de i i doe no obvi t t sel m e oft cl i . N o onl n he e h. ons a c s on s t a e hi e nt he a m t y doest Fo t Cicui r cogni t s e e e ,i f he urh r t e ze hi l m nt t ound t tçlys ha a l ged s f c e ha ç- ons s le uf i i nt pari pa i by t de enda si Hol t sbr ac oftduca y d y.' I a * l i i t s tci ton he f nt n wah' e h i ir ut ' d. t 4. t s n hi r pec t tSt Pa ' e de i m os gl rngl l ki es t ha . uls vi nce s t a i y ac ng.W hie t r i no di put t tJ. l he e s s e ha R. W e l y H os ns w a i ve i t or ni ton oft t o K e uc LLC S t e i s a se ki s nvol d n he ga za i he w nt ky , her s c nt e de ,muc l sundiput d e de e,ha hepa tcpa e i t br a he offd ir dut vi nce h es s e vi nc t t ri i t d n he e c s i uca y y r l c e i t l bers es a w ood s a pur has . N ordoest Ea t r Di t i tof ete t d n he um al nd cr p c es he s e n sr c Vigna sd cso i Av l n ywar n ag a t fs mmayj dg n f rStPa i t sc s . r ii' e iin n ao Ba ra t r n o u r u me t o . uln hi a e I Aval n onBa de e ntA r W il waspr e ut d c i i ly f hi r e i a f a v, f nda t lden os c e r m na l or s ol n r udul n et bilng s he eand pl guit t onec li c m ed ly o ountofc pia t c mi m alfa 2009 W L ons r cy o om t i r ud. 24315 a *2- l a s eque c vi a ton f f a cons r cy,a ai ng a a tng 71 t 3. n ubs nt i l c i or r ud, pia nd di nd beti b e c o fd ir d t W il nwa j dcal e tp e fo c aln i t efcse tbl h d r a h f iuca y uy, l de s u iily so p d r m h l gng h a t sa i e e s i hi c i i c e,whih we e s fc e t e t bls hi pa tcpai i t s he et s n s rm nal as c r ufii nt o sa ih s rii ton n he c m o ubmi t fau e i ce . l at* 6.No sm ia e de e ssi t sc et ndi t esabls t r dulnt nvoi s d. 4i lr vi nce xit n hi as e ng o t ih he a enc ofage nei s ofma e i lf tco e ni J. W e l Hos ns pa tcpa i i bs e nui s ue t ra ac nc r ng R. sey ki ' ri i ton n H e be t os ns br c offduci r dut r r H ki ' ea h i a y y. C. l Vigna ça cv l o p rc i ac mbnain o t o mo ep ro t a c mp ih n r i i,ç ) ii c ns ia y s o i to f wo r r e s ns o c o ls ( an u a ulpur e ort ac m pls al ulpu pos by unl wf m e , e uli i da a nlwf pos o co ih awf r e a ul ans r s tng n m ge t t pli if' Gl sv.Gl s 228Va. 47,321S. 2d69, ( o he antf. as ' as, 39, E. 74 1984) l t sca e St Pa . n hi s , . ul a l gesi cou t e t tJ R.W es e H os nscons r d w ih t ot rdef nda s t c m i le n nt hr e ha . ly ki pi e t he he e nt o om t fa a c r ud nd onve s on. To e t bls a cl m f f a underVi gi a l ,a pl i ifm us pr ri s a i h ai or r ud r ni aw a ntf t ove t f lo ngee n s 11 af lerp e e tto , 2 o amae il a t( ) d itnin l he olwi lme t:ç ) as e r sn ain ( ) f tra f c, 3 ma e ne to al ( y a kno ngl ( wihi e t milad,()r la ebyt pa t mild,a ( r uli nd wi y, 4) t ntnt o se 5 einc he ry se nd 6) es tng dam a t t pa t m i l d. W im v. l da Cons r Co. l , V a.304, ge o he ry s e ' l ' A e t . s nc. 227 308,31 S. 2d 5 E. 1 195(98 .A pli ifmus pr t s elme t byce randc nci e denc 1 l 93, 1 4) antf t ove he e e n s la onvi ng vi e. d. n V igi a, nve s on çts a w r f e r s oras u pton ofa hort pe s ly orby r ni co r i ti ny ong ul xe ci e sm i ut iy, r ona l pr cur men ,ove a he ' goods de i ng hi oft i pos es i '' Ba v.Ce . delt o e t r not rs , prvi m her s son.' der nt Fi iv Ba 245Va.286,289,427S. 2d 1 1 ( 993)( tngBuc veNa' Ba v. f 11 nk, E. 84, 86 1 quoi ke tl nk Huf, 4 Va.1 75S. 769,772( , E. 1912).Thus t esabls acli f c ri unde Vigi alw,a ) ,o t ih am or onveson r r ni a pli ifmus pr ( )ûheownes porrghtt pose so oft pr rya t tmeoft antf t ove: 1 t t rhi i o s s in he ope t t he i he c n eso 'a d( )Sh d fnd n ' c n e so b t ewr n f le ecs of o n o o c nr l o v rin' n 2 l e ee a ts o v rin y h o g u x r ie d mii n r o to t ove t pli ifspr ry, prvi pl ntf ofpos e son.'Fe l .Co.v.Smih,1 F. r he a ntf ope t de i ng ai if s s i ' d. ns t 44 Supp. 507,51 ( D.Va. ) af' 63F. x630( hCi. ) Thes ee nt mus 2d 8 E. 2001, fd, App' 4t r 2003 . e lme s t beesa ihedbyaprponde a eoft evi nce.Ltbls e r nc he de d o A sw ast ca e w ih t a di a a ti br a h offduci r dut c a m ,St Pa ' he s t he i ng nd be tng e c i ay y li . uls evi nc ofJR.W ese Hos ns'i ve de e . ly ki nvol menti a c pia t co m i faud a c n ons r cy o m t r nd onveri n so flss r o wh t sr q ie f rt c u toe trs mmayj d me to t ecv l o s rc al ho t f a i e ur d o he o r t ne u r u g n n h ii c n pia y cli .St Pa fr tr f r nce t us oft name ( am . ul is e e e s he e he Uames'o t Amerca W oodma k ' n he i n r pu c s or r asevi e ofJ. W ese H o ki i ve e i ac pia ûo co e hi r ha e de s denc R. l y s ns' nvol m nt n ons r cy s nc al s t f mii r l tons p wih Her r Hos ns' St Pau ' M e or ndum i Suppo tofisM oto a lal e ai hi t be t ki . . ls m a ' n r t in f Summa yJ me ,a 27( .#90) Asnotdprviusy,JR.W e lyHos nsde est t or r udg nt t Dkt . e e o l . se ki ni ha he sgne a Am e ian W oodm a k pur s or r ,c eai a is off ct Ne ,St Pa i d ny rc r cha e de s r tng n s ue a . xt . ul a s r st ttl e be tH os ns w o ke w ih hi w ie a s t s l t wood s r p i a uie s e t ha s- r r l ki r d t s f nd on o e l he c a t cq r d fom Amei nW oodwok t P..M ur Lumbe Co nyCT. M ur ' f apr i,'.sa r rca r o J phy r mpa J. phy') or oft'i t l 18 29,r f r ncngt W ood By- oduc Pur ha e sal Agr e e bewee P.J.M ur and e e e i he pr t c s / e e m nt t n phy Bl gr s ,M elni Al Hos ns r s ue a s a e m ki ' e pons st r quessf admison,a t c kss tby e o e t or s i nd he hec en P. M ur t Bl a sa pa e f rt wood s r p.None o t se de ei plc t sJR . J. phy o uegr s s ym nt o he ca f hi vi nc m i a e . W e l y H os ns. H e i notm e i d i t pur ha e s l a e e oris a endm e , M el e se ki s ntone n he c s / a e gr em nt t m nt ani A M H os ns ad i s o do no s ki ' m s i ns t ugge the ha a r e i t l be orw ood s r p s d ny ol n he um r ca ta a tons a he di no e r e a oft P. M ur c cks Nordoe a oft r ns c i , nd d t ndo s ny he J. phy he . s ny he e de r e e d on pa 3 ofSt Pa ' M e or ndum i Suppor ofisM oton f vi nce ef r nce ge 0 . uls m a n t t i or Sum m a y J r udgm en s t uppor t a s r i m a t r t tJ R . e l y H os nsti er c e t he s e ton de he e ha . W s e ki dnt a t d e ens ve y w ih P. M ur f r 5 ye r w hie Bl r sw a s e i t wood s r f om xt i l t J. phy o a s l ueg as s t alng he c ap r Am e i n W oodwor ...'l a 30.Ra he ,t r f r nc d di c r r s rca k. ' d. t t r he e e e e s ove y e pons se tbls e sa ih M elni AI. Hos ns i ve twiht wood s r p tans c i a J. W e ly Hos ns a e )A ki ' nvol men t he I c a r a tons nd R. se ki ' r e i t busne sa hepi hi m o he wih boo e ng a tx r t ns The e de e ol n he i s s l ng s t r t kke pi nd a e ur . vi nc a dduce t da e i sm pl i uf i e a a m a t ofl w t es a ih t tJ R.W e l y H os ns d o t s i y ns fci nt s ter a o t bls ha . se ki pa tc pa ed i a c vi co pi a y t def a Am e i n W oodw or orconve tispr t r i i t n i l ns r c o r ud rca k r t opery. D. Li wie,St Pa ' e de ei i ufi intt esa ih a vi ai oft Vigi a ke s . uls vi nc s ns fce o t bls ol ton he r ni busne sco pi a y s a ut a t s s a i s ns r c t t e t hi t ge.I addii n t pr ng t e s e e ofa c piac a n to o ovi he xi t nc ons r y, pli ifi acam br antf n li oughtu rVigni Codej 1 2- mus pr byç e a co ncng nde r i a 8. 499 t ove t ar nd nvi i cl e de t tt def nda sa t d wih l lmalce t ti,pr t tt def nda sa t d vi nce ha he e nt c e t ega i , ha s oof ha he e nt c e itninal p r s f l a dwih u lwf lusi c to a dta s c a to sij r dt e n e to l u po eul n t o t a u j tt ain, n h t u h ci n nu e h y, y, i pl ntf bus nes . W ila sv. om i on Tec Pa t r . L. . 265 Va.280,290,576 ai i fs i s' ' li m D ni h. rne s L. C , S. 2 7 2, 5 ( 0 ) Th e ie c a d c dbyS . a ln s p o t fismoi nfrs mmay E.d 5 7 7 2 03 . e vd n e d u e t P u i u p r o t to o u r j d me t a a d e s da o ei c n cinwi isoh rcams flss r o wh ti r q ie u g n , s d r se b v n o ne to t t t e li , al ho t f a s e urd h f t c tt e e s or he our o ntr umma yj r udgmen ont busne scons rc cam. t he i s pia y li lV . l s ast alt e ofSt Pa ' damsagans J. W ese Hos ns, 1 ai nga n um, o l hr e . uls i i t R. ly ki ( ) di nd a ti bra h offducir dut ()cons rngt commifa a conveson,a betng e c i a y y, 2 pii o t rud nd ri nd ()v oaigVign asb sne sc ns ia ysau e tec u t o cu st a g n i is so 3 i ltn r ii ' u i s o p rc tt t,h o r c n lde h t e une sue f m a e ilf c r mai conc m i J. W e ly Hos ns kno e t ra a t e n e ng R. se ki ' wl dge, n e a pa tcpa i t t i t nt nd ri i ton ha p e ld s mmayj d me t t Pa lscamsa an tJR. e lyHo kn rq iep o fo hs r cu e u r u g n .S . u ' li g is . W se s is e u r r o f i kno e ofHe ber Hos ns fd i y du y,hi knowldge ofHe be tHos ns br a h oft t wl dge r t ki ' i ucar t s e r r ki ' e c ha fduc a y du y,hi i e i lpa tc pa i i He be tH os ns br a ofhi t duc a y du y, s i r t s nt ntona r i i ton n r r ki ' e ch s i i r t hi i en t en e i t a c pi a y t de r ud A m erca W oodm a k a conve tisw ood s r p,a nt t o t r n o ons r c o f a i n r nd r t c a nd hi itn t wilu l a d maiiu l ij r Ameia W o d r sb i e si c n et t t e s ne t o l ly n lco sy n u e rc n o mak' usn s n o c r wi h f h ot rdef nda s Thes a e nec s r el m e st St Pa ' cl m saga ns JR .W e l y he e nt . e r es a y e nt o . uls ai i t. se H os ns W hie St Pa ha pr de e denc ofH e be tH os ns a tonsdur ng hi ki . l . ul s ovi d vi e r r ki ' c i i s e pl en w ih Am e i a W oodm a k,J R.W esey H os ns'i ve e i t or ni ton m oym t t rc n r . l ki nvol m nt n he ga za i ofK e ucky Lum be a Bl a s a t e en ii 'tans tonsw ih A m erca W oodm a k, nt r nd uegr s , nd hos ttes r ac i t i n r i ha notm e is bur n ofpr ng t a e ofa ge ne i s ofm a e i lf c r ga di J. . t s tt de ovi he bs nce nui s ue t r a a t e r ng R W e ly Hos ns lve ofknowldg i e a pa tci ton i t ale d br a h offduc a y se ki ' e l e e, nt nt nd ri pa i n he l ge e c i ir dut a c pia y.J. W ese Hos nshass y nd ons r c R. l y ki ubmit a fda t and o herdoc ted fi vis t umen a i t ton a s ri hi l c oft r quiieknowl s e tng s a k he e st edge,nt nta pa tcpai r quie t fnd hi la e i e nd ri i ton e r d o i m ibl t S . u .Th s d s u e is e o f c aeb s r s ve b t j r wh c i b te a l t o t Pa l e e ip td su s f a t r e t eol d y he u y, ih s etr be o makedeenni tonsr gar ng J. W e ly Hos ns c e biiy,hi l ve ofknowldg t nai e di R. se ki ' r di lt s e l e e c em i hi f t r sempl onc ng s a he ' oyme ,a hi i e i be nd hi a lged a to on be l of nt nd s ntntons hi s le c i ns haf Ken uc Lum be a Bl gr s t ky r nd ue as . Acc di y,i i ORDERED t tSt Pa ' Motonf SlmmayJ or ngl t s ha . uls i or z r udgme ( . 8 nt Dkt# 9) i DEN I ast J R.W e l y H os ns D EN I A S M O O T a t K e uc Lum be a s ED o . se ki ; ED s o nt ky r nd Ble r s b c us of h c u tse tyo d f ut u g n sa ans t e ee tte ; ndS u g a s e a e t e o r' n r f e a lj d me t g i t h s n i s a TAYED i ast H e be tH os ns a M el ni A r H os nsdue t t rpe ng ba u c pr e ngs o r r ki nd a e m ki o hei ndi nkr pt y oce di . The Cl r i di e t d t s nd a copy oft sM e or ndum Opi on a a com pa ng Or rt ek s rce o e hi m a ni nd c nyi de o pr . de e nt a c o K f nda s nd ouns ofr cor el e d. Ent r d:M arh 7,201 ee c 2 / M @ N #?.?f 4J ' V W ' M i ha F. r ns c el U ba ki Unie St t sDititJ t d a e src udge 21
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