Innotec LLC v. Visiontech Sales, Inc. et al, No. 3:2017cv00007 - Document 126 (W.D. Va. 2018)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Senior Judge Glen E. Conrad on 5/18/18. (hnw)
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C iEM s OFFI U.. ST. CE B DI CoURT AT R* Ou , VA FI LED MA 12 2 1 ï 28 I THEUNI SYATESDITRI COURT N TED S CT FoR THEw ESTERK Dlrll rOFVI srtc' RGm I A CHARLOTTVSVI DI SI LLE VI ON J X c. UDLYcL RK U E E Y BY:M . t DEPLTYCLERK I Pli if antf VI ON TECH SA LES,I C. e a1, SI N ,t . Ci lA c i N o.3: 7CV 00007 vi ton 1 De e n s f nda t . M EM O M N DU M O PI I N N O VI ON TECH SA LES,I C. SI N , By:H on. l n E.Con a Ge rd Se orU nie St t s Di t i tJ ni t d a e s rc udge Count r i Pl i if e dam antf, I O TEC,e a . NN t l, Cou e cl i D e e nt . nt r a m f nda s Thi ca e i pr s nty be o e t c ton' def nda s moton t e o c s tl me s s s e e l f r he our t he e nt ' i o nf r e e te nt ag ee e a s a pr e np , a t pl i if s m oton f r s nc i . For t r as s t r m nt nd t y oce di nd he a ntf ' i o a tons he e ons e f t be ow,t de e nt 'm o i wil be de e a t pl ntf s m oton wilbe de e orh l he f nda s ton l ni d nd he ai if i l ni d wi u prj d c t rne l t t eu ie o e wa. ho Backzround 1. Innotec LLC v. Visiontech Sales, Inc. et al The Part es i Doc. 126 Pli if I e LLC (tr t ' i a Colr do lmied labiiy co ny ba e i antf nnotc l moec' s l ) o a i t i lt mpa sd n Laf ye t , Col a t t m a m f c ur s a s i s e e t i al a m e ha c c ponen s a te or do ha r a t e nd upple l c r c nd c ni al om t. A le Ti a Col r do r s d nt i t m a gi m e be ofl e l n ng, o a e i e , s he na ng m r nnot c. Dockets.Justia.com .. Viine h S ls Ic (viin e h' i a Vigni c r o ain b s d i Tr y Vign a so t c ae , n . l so tc ) s r i a o p rto a e n o , r ii i , i t a p z h s see tia a dme h nia c vp n n s Thef l e ,c ife c tv o ûc r a d h t u c a e lcrc l n c a c l o o e t. omd r he xe u ie f e, n owne of Vii t c i Riha d Pe r ul, a Fl i r sde . Pe r ul i as t owne of r son e h s c r ra t orda e i nt r a t s lo he r Viin e h S lsGr u Ho gKo , t (Q HK', r ltde tt ba e i Ho gKo . so tc ae o p n ng L d.C VSG ' a eae n i s d n n ng ) y Il. ProceduralH i orv st On Febr r 1 201 ,I t c fl t i t ntac i a ns Vii e h,VSG HK,a ua y , 7 nno e ed he nsa ton gai t sont c nd Pe r ul,s e ng t obt i pa e f pr uc sor r d fom l t c. The c r a t e ki o an ym nt or od t de e r nno e ompl i co ans ant nt i fv c u t:( )( e c o Co ta t b Viin e h - K 'rt e s l o g o sp ru n t t i e o ns 1 < a h f nr c' y so tc t o h ae f o d u s a t o he Br ' F Ex l iiyAg e me f'()ç e c o Co ta t' y Viine h' f p i iv ie f rt es l cusv t re n ' 2 s a h f n rc'b so tc - G ad n o c s o h ae # Br un o g o sa do e p r h s o d r' ( )ç j tEz ih n 'a ans Viine h ()ç e c o f o d n p n u c a e r e s' 3 s us l c me t' g i t so tc ' 4 ç a h f ; un r , Br Conrc by VSG HK';a ( ç rona Libiiy agans Owneso g so tc ja d VSG ta t ' nd 4) ç s l a lt i t pe r f viin e h n HK. Co l! 3 - 4, c t .1 ' mp . ! 0 4 Do ke No . ' On M a c 1 2017, he de e nt a we e l t c' co pl nt a Vii nt c fl d a r h 6, t f nda s ns r d nno e s m ai , nd so e h ie c t ecam a is I n tca Ti .Th c u trli icu e f u c uns ( )&E e c o omtr li gan t n o e nd ng e o n ecam n ld s o r o t: 1 i r a h f l 3 Co rc '( ) K ta Fru ' () tf t u Co eso o M od a d To l ' a d () nta f' 2 t u l a d' 3 tbri s nv ri n f ls n oi > Ac > . - o nf' n 4 Slo tous I e f r nce wih Co r c s Busnes Reltons ps a Pr pe tve Ec ç-ri ntr e e t nta t , i s a i hi , nd os c i onom i c Ad na e' Co n ecam ! 2 - ,Do k tNo.1 . Th c u trli i te s j c o a va t g . ' u trli ! 4 45 c e 0 e o n ecam s h ube t f motont dimi st tr m anspe ng. i o s s ha e i ndi On J nua y 1 201 I e m o a r 6, 8, nnot c ved t c pe pr pe a c pl t di c r o om l o r nd om e e s ove y r s ns . Tha m o i n a o he no dipostve pr t i lm a t r w e e r f r e t U nie St t s e po es t t o nd t r n- s ii era te s r e e r d o td ae M a ita eJ g s r t udge J C.H o . By o de e e ed Fe a y 1 201 J oel ppe r r nt r bnl r 2, 8, udge H o ppe g a t d t r n e he m oton t c pe a die t d t de e nt t r s nd t t di c r r que t a i s no i o om l nd r c e he f nda s o e po o he s ove y e s s t s ue l t rt n Fe a y 2 201 Se Fe 1 201 Or r Doc tN o. a e ha bnl r 2, 8. e b. 2, 8 de , ke 91. The de e nt di not c f nda s d ompl Wih J y t udge Ho s o de . The ma n a n t t ppe' r r y i t i ha : c m pla e i no l nge ne s a y be a e t pa tesr ac a or ls tlm e ag e me on o inc s o r ce s r c us he ri e hed n a e te nt r e nt Fe u r 21 2018,t da be o e t rdic y r s br a y , he y f r hei s over e pons swe e due. The pl i if howe r e r antf, ve , di a r e a c e t tno e or a e s tl m e t ag e m e ha be n r a he i t c s s g e s nd ont nds ha nf ce bl e te n r e nt s e e c d n he a e. On M a c 2,2018 t de e nt moved t e o ce t al ge o a s tl me a e nta rh , he f nda s o nf r he le d r l e te nt gr eme nd sa f rhe pr e ngs i l ng dic r untlt co tr e o t de e nt 'moton. ty ' t r oce di , ncudi u s ove y, i he ur uls n he f nda s i Tha s m e da t pli if m o d f s nc i , i l i i unt r dim is of t t a y, he antf ve or a tons ncudng nvol a y s s al he de e nt 'co e cli ,ba e on t de e nt f iur t c f nda s unt r am s' d he f nda s' a l e o ompl wih t dico r or r y t he s ve y de . I rs n e pons ,t de e nt a gue t ts nc i a e unw a r nt d be a e t ca e ha ' e te e he f nda s r ha a tons r r a e c us he s s s tl d. 1 1 . t Rel vantt t Pur t d Se t e e A gr e e 1 . Fac s e o he por e t l m nt e m nt Thr ho t s ltga i Imo ec a Ti ha be n r pr s t by J m e Cos a oug ut hi ii ton, r t nd ng ve e e e en ed a s by nd oh ratme swi t e1w fr o Va d ve trBlc LLP (o lci l,ç an ifsc u e' . t e to y t h a im f n e ne a k, h c le t y S itf' o nsl) ve pl ' Vii nt c VSG HK; a Ii ha d Pe r ul ha be n r pr s nt d by M iha l W hitc of so e h, nd tc r ra t ve e e e e e c e tiar NOVA I La PLLC (çee s c t e' P w, s fn e oms l d ). On Se tmbe 1 ,2 7 p an ifs c u s lfld a p o s dj itds o ey pa a tr p e r 5 01 , litf o n e ie rpo e on ic v r ln fe r c i ng i e e vi nput f om de e e c r f ns ouns l The pl n i l d a pr s o i whi h t pa tes e. a nc ude ovi i n n c he ri t gr g t r uet a stl nt c eenc t be a nitrd by t Cour upon a dae l eedj o eq s eteme onfr e o a dmi see he t t muu l a r e b e' Dic v r Pln! 1 , c t 3 - J d eHo p a o tdt ep o o e tal ge a l. so e y a 3 Do ke No. 3 2. u g p e d pe h r p s d y ' di c r pl n o Oc obe 25,201 s ove y a n t r 7. I ta s tl me dic sons we e c niil e te nt s us i r onduo e t oug cot e . I t f l of 201 t d hr h ms l n he al 7, pl i if s c a ntf ouns ls i t d a s tl m e de a t def ns c e ubm te e te nt m nd o e e ouns l The r or i c t s t t e. ec d ndi a e ha de e e c ms l di notr s nd t t de a f ns ot e d e po o he m nd. Se Ex. 1 t P1' Re p.t De s' M o .t e o .s s o f . t ô Enf c Se te e A gr em e ,Doc tN o.1 1 or e tl m nt e nt ke 08- . . Ap o ma ey f m ont l t ,oh J nua y 25,201 de e e c ms l f wa de a pr xi t l our hs aer a r 8, f ns ot e or r d 1 s tl m e pr po a t pl i if s c m s l I r pons , pl i if s c e te nt o s l o a ntf ' ot e . n es e a ntf ouns l not d t t de e e e e ha f ns co m s ' cle s ha no r s t els i nt d t e ponde t t pl n if s pr vi us dem a d o he ai tf e o nd. Pl ntf ' c t s ai if s o m el empha i dt t'g he wer evea ofe orde nd,wer pond t i,wih whae rviw sze ha çwj n ec i n fr ma es ot t tve e w e ha a t t tm e. I l r pl ve t ha i ' d. n e y,de e e co el s ' f ns uns ugge t d t t t a t ne ç oc on s e ha he tor ys ç us f r s vi t c s r t rt n poi i fnge s ' I e ol ng he a e a he ha ntng i r .' d. The e i no e de e t tc ms lenga d i f rhe s tlm e dic sons r que t d a r s vi nc ha ot e ge n u t r ete nt s us i , e s e cour- dm i se ed s tlm e conf r nce ors ta nit r e te nt e e , ough r f r a t a at r tve diput r ol i t e e r l o n le na i s e.es uton r our outi t c ta pe m itd b t l a r e See W . Va.Ci R.8 I t d, es ce sde he our s r te y he oc l uls. D. v. 3. nsea A ndr w Flnt a non- tor y çde nego i t ' who w a G r d' by t de e nt t t s it i e i , a t ne s bt ta or' s s e ' he f nda s o ç s s n hi a t ne ta i a s tlm e oft sltga i ' a tmpt d t ne it die ty wih Ti Flnt he go iton nd e te nt hi ii ton,' te e o gota e r c l t ng. i De l!2 Do k t . 7 7 c . , c e No 9 - . On Fe ua y 21 2018,Flnt c ace Ti by t lpho on m uli e oc asons The br r , i ont td ng ee ne tpl c i . de e nt now mai ai t t dlrng t e t l phone c f nda s nt n ha , zi hos e e onveri ,t pa te r c d a or l sons he ri s ea he n a s tlm e a e m e . Acc di t Flnt t pa te a e t t f l wi s tl me tr : ete nt gr e nt or ng o i , he ris gr ed o he olo ng e te nt e ms ( )Dee nswo dpa l ec LLC $700, 00a a i ta 1 fnda t ul y nnot , 000. s n niil s tlm e pa ntb Frda Fe ua y 23,2018,a a e te nt yme y i y, br r nd n addii na $133, 00 woul bepad m o hl f ape i o to l 333. d i nt y or rod f s x m on hs i t . ( )A1 camsta weea s re i t epe igl i ainwo l be 2 1 li h t r se td n h ndn i g to u d t d s se wihp eu ie imis d t rj d c . Fl tDe !3. i d. n On Fe u r 23,201 pl ntf' couns a vie def ns co ms t tt dea i f br a y 8, ai ifs el d s d e e t el ha he dlne or pr uc ng add t o ldoc e sha pas e a t tt de e od i ii na um nt d s d nd ha he f ndan s ha no c ple w ih J t d t om i d t udge Ho p ' o d r l r s ns ,d f n e c u s la v s d plitf' c t e v a e i t tGth p es r e . n e po e e e s o n e d ie an ifs oms l i mal ha s l e g 4 P risstldt sc s b oa a re n We ned ynihy a dt tpanifsc u e wo l at ete hi a e y rl geme t d s a g t' n ha litf o nsl ud e ' o .s p. o s' .o o C r evi a wrte m e i lz ton s hl ' Ex.5 t Pl ' Res t D ef . M ot t Enf rce t ec i ng be itn morai a i ho y.' Se te en A gr m e , D oc t N o. 1 5. Tha s e da de e e c m s ls pa a e l tl m t ee nt ke 08t nm y, f ns ot e ' r l ga f wa de pli ifs couns l a pr pos wrte s tl me a e m e a m ut l g r l or r d antf ' e o ed itn ele nt gr e nt nd ua ene a rl s (i ata ee nf). Thedrf a r e n c ai d muli epr sons i l ng t eea e t f gr me dr a t g e me t ont ne tpl ovii , ncudi he f lwi . olo ng' 2. Ef e tve D a e of Thi A gr em e . The Pa tes a ee t tt s fci t s e nt r i gr ha hi Agr me wilbec me ef tve (he ç fci Dae' on t ee nt l o feci t t e tve t' Ef ) he da e t l s s gna o y t t sag e m e s gns t A gr m e . t he a t i t r o hi r e nt i he ee nt 3 S tlme tP y n . VS g so tc S lsGr u I . a . ete n a me t G viin e h ae o p, ncj nd W SG g o lwie SouinsGr u I . ( n o t e ohe)wil W rd d lto o p, nc) o e r h t r l pa t Imo e Pa te $700, wihi t e busnes da oft y he r t c ris 000 t n hr e i s ys he Efe tve Da eand $1 333pe mont be r ng on Aprl1 201 fci t 33, r h gimi i , 8 f 6 m ont . or hs 4. 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Eac a e r pr s on w ihi t e Contac s nd e m na e h nd ve y ovi i t n hos r t, pur has o de s o i c s or any ot r a ee e s or c e r r r nvoi e , he gr m nt a r nge e sbe wee t Pa tes a e nul a voi ofno f rhe ra m nt t n he ri , r l nd d, ut r f r e a e f t a t Pa e a e e us d fom f t r o c nd fec, nd he li s r xc e r urhe pe f ng t r unde , e e as ot r s sa e i t s ronni he e r xc pt he wie t t d n hi A gr ent. eem 1 The I e Pa te w il c 0. nnot c ri s l onve t di put d m ol , t i y he s e ds oolng a e pm e w ih t I t c Supple s t W SG a s li o m nd qui nt t he nno e ir o nd hal nf r t Im ot Supple s t t W SG ha t r g t us t m a t he r ec i r ha s he i ht o e he nd o buy pr oduc f om t lm ot c Su i s t r he r e ppler . 1 The I t c Pa tes wilnots i tor do busne s wih t 2. nno e ri l olci i s t he c t m e s o t V i i e h Pa te f a pe i oft o ye s f om us o r f he s ont c r i s or r od w ar r t tm e oft Ef ec i D a e oft sA gr e e . he i he f tve t hi e m nt 13. Ad c of Couns l I e e i i o t s Agr me ,ea h vie e . n nt rng nt hi ee nt c Pa t rprs ns t a () i h s rle u n, o h s ha t e ry e e e t h t a t a eid po r a d h opporl t t r l u t y o ey pon,t a vi of is r s c i a t ne , mi he d ce t e pe tve tor ys who a e t a t ne of is own c ce co e i t l l r he tor ys t hoi , nc m ng he ega c n e ue c so ti Ag e me t ( )te tr o t i Ag e me o s q n e f h s re n , b h e ms f hs r e nt ha be n c pl t l r d a e a ne t ea h Pa t by is ve e om e e y ea nd xpl i d o c ry t r s tve a t ne o i has had t opporuniy t ha t e pec i tor ys r t he t t o ve he Ag e me te pli db iso atr y a ()t tl o ti r e n x ane y t wn tone , nd c he e' f h s ms Agr e e a e f l unde sood a vol a iy a ce ed by ea h e m nt r ' y ul rt nd untrl c pt c a e r Pa t nd ve y r y. 23. I e pr t ton a Co tuci n. The A g ee e t s l be nt r ea i nd nsr to r m n ha l d e d t ha e be n j ity p e rd by te Pa t s a tr e . e me o v e on l rpae h ri ' to n ys e A ny a bi t or unce ti y t t m a e s r ga di a m guiy ra nt ha y xi t e r ng ny l ngua oft s A gr e e s lnotbe i e pr t d f or aga ns a ge hi e m nt hal nt r e e or i t eiherPaly .... t ' t Dr f Ag e men 1 Doc tNo. 1. The dr f a e m e a s i l d br m ut r e e a t r e t -5, ke 97a t r e nt lo ncude oad ual elas pr sons under whi h e c sde w oul r l as t o he çf o a 1 c a m s de a , ovii , c ah i d e e e he t r tr m 1 l i , m nds oblga i ,a tons a ca e of a ton,o ca e ofla lt r ght ,a of s trght ,whe he i tons c i nd us s ci r us s i biiy, i s nd f e i s t r a l w o i e t whe he known o unknown,whehe i t tor i c r t s peced o t a r n quiy, t r r t r n or n ontac, us t r uns pe t d,m aur d or unm aur d,dic r or t s ove e as e td or t s re ... us c e t e t e s ove ed mdic r d, s re mas e td, i udi but not lm ied t al c am s a ii out of r l tng t ncl ng, i t o, 1 l i rsng , e ai o,or c m e t d wih t ol c e t he Contac s t pur ha e or r a i c s ort Lii ton. 1 a 2 r t , he c s s de s nd nvoi e , he tga i ' d. t -3. ' I arpl e i dae t ts meda pli ifsco ell s r eg 'wiht ase to n e y mal td ha n y, antf uns ç ag e dl' t he s rin di t tt ca e had s tl d a t clned' t pr pos d s tl m e a e m ent Ex.5 t Pl' Re p. ha he s e te nd s i ' he o e e te nt gr e de . o .s s t Def . M ot t Enf ce Se te e A gr e e . Pl i tf ' c o s' . o or tl m nt e m nt a n if s ouns la s r ques e t tde e e e lo e t d ha f ns c ouns ldi e ta 1com m uni a i t Im o ec a Ti t ough pl i if s c e rc 1 c tons o r t nd ng hr a ntf ouns l e. 6 D i c s on s us i : 1. D ef endant M ot on to Enf s' i orce Set l entA zreem ent t em I t u tfcl ae stlme t ae a i ra ta p c o t ej d ca p o e sa o is s r-a ii td ete n s r n mpo tn s e t f h u iil r c s nd f t co t pur e i pr d ng a or ry a pe e ' r s u i n of co r r i . H e l y v.A l on pos n ovi i n de l nd ac f e ol t o ul nt ove s es' ' ns e c hi i src s nhe La ssI c,2 7 F.d 5 5 5 ( t Ci.2 0 ) To t s end,Gditit court have i rent b . n . 7 3 3 , 40 4h r 0 2 . a hort 'de i ng f om t i equiy po e , t e or s tl m e a e m e s' I ut iy, rvi r he r t w r o nf ce e te nt gr e nt . d. I ' n deemi ng whehe a s te ta ee ntha bee ra d,t co ' mus çoo jt t tr ni t r etlmen gr me s n e che he ul t t s kl o he l o j ciey ma ietd itn inso t ep ris' M o r v Be uf r Cn y,9 6 F.d 1 9 1 2 be tv l n fse n e to f h a t . e ' oe . a o t t . 3 2 5 , 6 (t Ci.1 91. A c u tma e f r e a s tlme ta r e n o l atrCtc ncu e ta a 4h r 9 ) o r y n o c et n g e me t ny fe ç o ld s h t e i c ompl t a ee nt ha bee r c d a de e mi s t t r s a c to of t t ee gr me s n ea he nd t r ne he e m nd ondii ns ha ' 3d t a e m e . l He 1v,277 F. a 540. ç e ag e m e t a pa t m a de a a r c ve gr e nt' nse i nt r e n , ry y m nd nd e ei Abs f 1j iil r c s,n ldn atilf rter s lto o lgtmaed s u e . 1 u1udca p o e s icu ig ra, o h eo uin f e ii t ip ts' d. ' I t s c e,t de e nt c e t t Ti e e e it a bi ng or l s tlm e n hi as he f nda s ontnd ha ng ntr d n o ndi a ele nt a e m e dtrng hi phone c gr e nt zi s onve s tons w ih Flnt I r s rai t i . n e pons ,lm ot c a Ti m a n a n e r e nd ng i t i t tTi and Flntonl di c s wha n ou ofm oney Ti w oul ag e t a e a di not ha ng i y s us ed t m nt ng d r e o cc pt nd d dic sot rs tlm e t r st tI o e a Ti woul ag e t orr uie a pa tofafna s us he e te nt e m ha ml t c nd ng d re o eq r s r i l s tl m e t a e m e . I m o e a Ti fz t co e t t Ti s agr e e t a pa tc a e te n gr e nt r t c nd ng t her nt nd ha ng' r e m nt o ri ul r s m o mo e wa s b e tt tee e uin o am itna r e n p e a e b c u s l Fo t u f n y s u j c o h x c to f te g e me t r p r d y o n e. r he 'W he et ei as tnta f t ldiput overt e se e ort r her s ubsa il acua s e he xit nc ennsofas tlmentagr eme , t e te e nt he cour c t annotsumma iy enf ce t a ee rl or he gr mentbutmus i t c t nsead onduc an evi i y he i See He l t dentar arng. nsey, 277 F. a 540 3d t -541 Rl owever wher t pa tesf ld t a ee on t ma e i t nns ...,a whe e t . l , e he ri aie o gr he t ral e nd r he cour enf c no s tementa ee e ,no evi i y he i i r quie ' Tr n v.Novo Nor s Pha m. t or es etl gr m nt dentar arng s e r d.' a dik r l u . Ic,No.5:4c - 0 4 201 U. Dit LEXI 51 23 a 1 2 ( . N . Ap .1 ,2 6 . Fo t nd s. n . 1 -v 0 25 , 6 S. s. S 6 , t 2 W D. C. r 8 01 ) r he r as s tf t bel t r d c l vey esabls t tt de endant ar no e il t enf c nt e ons e orh ow, he ecor oncusi l t ihes ha he f s e t ntted o or eme oft aleged or s tl ntagr ement Ac di y,no hea i i r r d. he l al e teme e . cor ngl rng s equie f l ng r as ,t c tde lne t e ùr e t a lged o a s tlm e a e m e a wil olowi e ons he our c i s o nf c he le r l e te nt gr e nt nd l t r f e de t de enda s m oton.2 he e or ny he f nt ' i A. Flnt s ex part set l ent neeot atonsw ere notannexed bv t court i ' e t em i i he . Un e t eAle tv Dip t Re ou in Ac o 1 9 (C Ac' , a hf d rldsrc d r h tmaie s u e s lto t f 9 8 C ADR t) e c e ea itit ' c u t sr q rdt C u h rz , ylc lnl a o t dt e s cin20 () t u eo atmai o r i e uie o E t o ie b o a l d p e md r e to 71a ,he s f le t a e ve diput r ol i pr s esi a1 ci la tons'and t de s a i plm e iso ale ai s e es uton oce s n l vi c i y' o vie nd m e nt t wn tm tve ds u er s lto p o rm. 28U. C.j 6 () eAc f rhe p o i e t a çea h dsrc ip t e ou in r g a S. 51b .Th t u t r r v d s h t t j c itit g c tt ta horze t us o at m a i d s e r s uto pr es e s l a pt a pr pra e our ha ut i s he e f le tve iput e ol i n oc s s ha l do p o it pr e s f r m a ng ne r l a ia e f r us by t pa te f e h c t gor o pr es oc s es o ki utas va lbl o e he ri s or ac a e y f oc s o frd. 28 U. C.j 6 3a . ts rti p r s ,t e dsrc c u tma us ,n n oh r, fee ' ' S. 5 () s' h s u po e h itit o r y e mo g te s lo ma itaej d e who h ve b e tan d t s r e a n u rl i atmai ds u e rs lto g srt u g s a e n r ie o ev s e tas n l tve ip t e ou in e pr e s s pr f s i na ne r l fom t prva e s c o ,a pe s who ha be tane t oc s e , o e so l uta s r he i t e t r nd r ons ve en r i d o sr ea n ur l i atmaieds u ers lto p o e s s' 28U. C.j6 3 b . e v s e tas n le tv ip t e ou in r c se . ' S. 5 () I a cor nc wih t ADR Ac,t W e t r Ditit o Vigi a e c e Loc Ci l n c da e t he t he se n src f r ni na t d al vi Rul 8 w hi h pr de ,i pe tne pa t asf l s e 3, c ovi s n r i nt r, olow : Thi Coul s l ofe at r tvediput r ol i t alpa te i s ' hal f r lenai t s e es uton o l ris n e r c vi c s M editon s l be t c ve y i l a e. a i hal he omm on a pr f red nd e e r m e nsofale nai diput r s uton. Ot rm e ofat r tve a tr tve s e e ol i he ans le na i diput r ol to s l be m a a ia e by t s Cou t upo s e es u i n hal de val bl hi r n r ue tof a 1pa te ,e e i t e ca e i whi h t a t r tve eq s 1 r i s xc pt n hos s s n c he le na i f m ma bepr hi t d by saut or y o bie t t e. W . Va Ci .R.8 () Th r l pemispa t s t rq e tta a c s b rfre t ç n D. . v 3 a. e u e r t ri o e u s h t a e e eer d o t e a atr aied s u er s lto rs u c o tiet eCo r. W . Va Ci . 8 () tnaloh r len tv ip t eou in e o r e usd h u t' D. . v R. 3 c. t 1 t e ' l c s s aUnie Sttsdititj eormagsrt j s l s r ea t ne r whe t ma tr ae, td ae src udg itae udge hal e v s he utal n he te 2I lghtoft c n i he ouf' deci on, t s s si he ubpoena is d t Flnta hi c s s ue o i nd s ompany by I e wilbe nnot c l dee med wihdr and t r at moton t quas s t awn he el ed i o h ubpoe wilbe deni asmoot nas l ed . 8 i d sg ae b t p e i igj g f ratm ai d s uers lto ' I I o tnl t enze s e in td y he r sdn ud e o l t ip t e ou in. d. mp ra ty,h l e ve ' I frhe p o de t ttgq c twilno aslti t elo c me ofa a e nt s tlme , u t r r vi s ha tthe our l t ss n he rf r e nt ny greme , ete nt orf e a r ng m e fom a at m a i diput r s uton pr e swhi h i nota me d by t e ra e nt r ny le tve s e e ol i oc s c s r xe he Co r. W . Va Ci R.8 ( ) (n aloh rstain ,t e p risma i v k a y o te u t' D. . v. 3 g . l l t e i to s h a t ' l u e y noe n fh Cou tst a tona e or e e m e ha s s ' I r ' r dii l nf c m nt c nim .' d. Asi c t a ndi aed bove, hepr e dicove ypl a ove on Oc obe 25,201 i l t opos d s r an, ppr d t r 7, ncudes apr son i whih t pa te ag ee t S e ta s tl me c e e e t bead i se e by ovii n c he ri s r d o l ques e te nt onf r nc o r m nit r d te Co r u n a d t mu u ly a r e be' Dic vey Pln ! 1 Rah rt a f lo n ti h u t po ae t al g e a l. s o r a 3. t e h n o lwi g h s ' a ove c s of conduc,t de e ppr d our e t he f ndan s hie t i own ç bt neg it ,'who bypa s t r d her t de ota or' s ed pl n ifs c aitf ouns la e ged i e pa e s tl me ne itons wih Ti e nd nga n x rt e te nt gota i t ng. I t c ts n he our' viw ,s h t c ison t pa to t de e nt a e,a ami mum ,toublng a f l we lbe nd e uc a tc he r f he f nda s r t ni r i nd al l yo ' t s pe of at r tve diput r s uton pr c i s a pr es e comt na e by t l l he co le na i s e e ol i a tce nd oc s s t e nc d he oca r e.3 Bec us t pur t s tl m e a e e w a not pr lr d t r h a co tn xed ul a e he pored el e nt gr em nt s oc z e h oug ur - nne % p o e s t ec u t so t eo iin t tted fn a t'mo in i s b e tt d nilo t tb ss r c s, h o r i f h pn o ha h e e d n s to s u j c o e a n ha a i 3d ao . Se W . Va Ci R.8 () P Be z rEa t I c v M e d Co n. 412 F. 429,434-37 lne e D. . v. 3g ; . a e se n . . a r , & . ( dCi. 0 )(o dn ta e f r e n o a alg do a s tlme ta r e n wa bardb a 3 r 20 5 h l ig h t n o c me t f n le e r l et n g e me t s re y e lc la pelt n l r q ii t a a y a rd n b r d e t wrtn ) W o l I b Co g e s o a p lae ze e urng h t n g e me t e e uc d o iig ; rd c o n rs I c v. c n , . 1 -v 0 21 , 01 U..Dit LEXI 6 6 a * ( D.Te M a 1 , n . Nwa u z No 4:4 c - 3 3 2 6 S s. S 45 3, t 8 S. x. y 7 2 6 (e l n t e o c a alg d a r e n f rt rs t o ame it n t b bndn 01 ) d ci g o nf re n le e ge me t o he euls f ni dai o e i i g o wheet pa te f ie t co ywiht r uie nt oft a ia el lr ll r he ris ald o mpl t he eq rme s he pplc bl oca ue . 3 W hie t pl ntf a gues t t Flntpot ily vi at sae r es pr bii t una horze l he ai if r ha i ental ol ed tt ul ohi tng he ut i d pr tceoflw,t cour uli t l fndsi unnec s y t deci t sis aci a he t tma ey i t es ar o de hi s ue. 9 I B. There i no enforceabl s tem entaareem entbet een t part es. s e etl w he i 1 A le na i l t co t c ude t t e i no e or ea e s tl m e ag ee e t t r tve y, he ur oncl s hat her s nf c bl e te nt r m n be we n t pa te .4 Frt teo j ciee ie ei t er c r idc tsta t epa t sd dn t t e he ri s is,h b e tv vd nc n h e o d n iae h t h ri i o e i e t be bot untla s tl me ag e m e wasr duc t wrtng,r vi we by c ntnd o md i e te nt r e nt e ed o ii e e d ouns l e, a sgne by t pa te Alho h a c r t ca be f me be o e t r i a ofi i l nd i d he ris. t ug ontac n or d f r he e s n fc a doc e t m e o i lz ng is t r s i t pa te l not i e t be bound untl a f r a um n m r a i i t e m , f he r i s ç do nt nd o i om l c r c i pr pa e t r i no c r c .' Dunl Do sv.La ni N o.95onta t s e r d, he e s onta t' dn' nut va , 2072,1 U . 996 S. Ap LEXI 1 8 0 a * ( t Ci. a 2 ,1 96 ( u t Bose uv. le,3 S. 45 , 5 p. S 1 7 , t 7 4h r M y 4 9 ) q oi ng is a Fulr 0 E. 7 4 7 ( .1 9 (;s eas S z .l . Zoa No.3 1 -v 0 3 3 2 2 U. Dit LEXI 1 9 0 a Va 9 89 e lo a a nc v. t , : 1c - 0 6 , 01 S. s. S 92,t * 6 ( D. .Fe 1 20 2 (x ann ta i th pa t sitnd t b b t b t wrte 1 E. Va b. 6, 1 ) e pliig h t f i e ri ne o e omd y he itn t e ag ee e ,t n t e u i n of t wrte agr e e i a pr r quiie t f r ton of a r m nt he he xec to he itn e m nt s e e st o o ma i conrc ) ta f'. He e t d a t ag ee t s nt t pl i ifs co elon Fe ua y 23, 201 i ude r , he r f r men e o antf uns br r 8 ncl d lngua i c tng t tTi s sgna e a hi a lt t r e t t r of t ag ee e t a ge ndi a i ha ng' i mr nd s biiy o eviw he e ms he r m n wih pl ntf s c ms lwe e c tons pr c de t t e se or f ma i of a bi ng t ai if ol e r ondii e e nt o he xit nce or ton ndi s tlm e a e m e . The d a tag ee e ti l e te nt gr e nt r f r m n ncuded a S n ç ceofCo el' ovii n,purua Advi uns 'pr so s nt t whih e c pa t wa r quie t r pr s ntt ti ha r c ve t o o c a h ry s e r d o e e e ha t d e ei d he pporlniy t r vi w t tl t o e e he ag e m e twih is a tr y a obt n t a t ne s a c c er ng t l lco e nc r e n t t to ne nd ai he tor y' dvie onc ni he ega ns que es oft ag e me . Drf Agre nt4;s eas ia5 (s- sAg e me s l bede me t ha he r e nt a t e me e lo . El l -hi r e nt hal e d o ve bee j nty prpard b t Pa tes atl ys' The dr t a ee nt as i l d a n oi l e e y he ri ' tome .). af gr me lo ncude n d fci Dae' pr son,whih pr de t tEgl Pa tesagee t tt sAgre ntwil f e tve t ' ovii Ef c ovi d ha cthe ri r ha hi e me l 4 Cours l t sae c r 1 whe t f maton or c tuci of a pur t s tl t ook o tt ontact aw n he or i onsr ton pored e tement a e me ti a is . Se ,ea. To i l v.W e sl.5 9 F.Ap x 1 4,1 6 ( t Ci.2 3)(p yig gre n s t sue e . , nwaa sel 0 p' 8 8 4h r 01 a pl n M aya lw t d tr n wh te tepat se ee it a e f re bea re n) l t sc s,net r r lnd a o eemie eh r h ri ntrd no n n o c a l g e me t. n hi a e i e he si engaged i any s tofchoi - -a a yssi t i bre s a i t pr eded unde t as umpton de n or ce oflw nal i n her if , nd'nsead oce r he s i t Vigi alw a is. hat r ni a pple ' 10 be o efcie(h ç fcieDae' o ted t tels sg t r t ti Ag e me tsg t e c me fe tv t e s e tv t' n h ae h a t inao y o h s re n ins h Ef ) Agr e e t' I a 1 The epr so ,tke t t r s e m n . d. t . ' s ovii ns a n oge he , uppo tt c l i t tt pa te r he onc uson ha he ris di noti e t bebo md untlt wrte a ee nthad be n r vi we by c d nt nd o t i he itn gr me e e e d ouns la sgne e nd i d b a1r lva tp ris Se Sa a 2 2 U. Dit LEXI 1 9 0 a *1 ( o dn t a asmia y 1 ee n a t . e z , 01 S. s. e S 9 2 , t 7 h l ig h t i lr C feci ne sca e's l f tve s lus ' uppo td t c uson t tt pa tesdi no i e t bebom d untla e re he oncl i ha he ri d t ntnd o l i m itn doc ntwasf l e utd) Soli Te h.LLC v.Ar nM eior l ,No.102-vte ume uly xec e ; aa c vi rt . nc. : c 04704,2006 U. Dit LEXI 11 a * ( D.11 M a .16,2006)( di t tasmia S. s. S 347, t 23 N. 1. r hol ng ha i lr pr vii una g usy e de ed a i e t be bound onl u o son mbiuo l vi nc n nt nt o y pon t e uto ofa sgned he xec i n i a e me ) gre nt. Suc pr vii a e e pe i ly i ra i a c e s h ast s i whih s ve a o t h o sons r s c al mpo tnt n as uc hi, n c e r l f he pa te a e c por t e iis I i we ls tld t tça c por ton m a a a i t f r l ri s r or a e ntte . t s l- e te ha t or a i y ppe r n he ede a c t onl t o h lce e c ours y hr ug i ns d ouns l' Row l nd v.Ca ior a M e s Col e. ' a lf ni n' ony, 506 U . 19 S. 4, 2 -0 ( 9 3 .Th smei tueo l tdla i te c mp nis Se Vikv W o , 6 F. D. 01 2 1 9 ) e n s r f i e ibl is o a e . e c . ng 2 3 R. mi i 3 5 3 n 1( D. . 0 9 ( tn t a ç lmie l bit c mp n ... amo a pe rp o. , 2 , 28 . E. Va 2 0 ) noig h t ç i td i l y o a y c r t p a r K a a i e e i rp e e tdb o o isme e s b tmus b rp e e tdby a at r e ' . Th sl l v n f e r s ne y ne f t mb r, u t e e r s ne n to n y' i ' e ) u ha be n a i d t pr c ude a a ton or m o i f l d by a co po a e e iy pur r i t a t s e pple o e l ny c i ton ie r r t ntt po tng o c pr K . Se . e. , Ol o e g. awol v.A c i N e I ,258 F. Supp. 3d 694,701 e to k nc. -02 ( D.Va 201 E. . 7) e he e e e ( s si a c uli c dimisng ons tng ompa s cli becaus t com pany was not rpr sent d by ny' ams c u s l. Co rs ha e l e s hed t a ça c r o ain c n o e c t a siu ain o o n e) u t v i wie l h t l q o p rto a n t xe u e tp lto f k l s tl m e whie a e te nt l ppea i pr K i f r l c t' a t t ( s i a i e c e w ihoutan r ng o n ede a our , nd ha & tpul ton xe ut d t ' a a t ne i a nuliy.' Gr c v.Ros ns oc N o.1: c 02039,2004 U . D i t LEX I 29654, tor y s lt ' a e e t k, 85- vS. s . S a * 0 ( D. Y.Oc.4 2 0 ) ard,Gr c v. n Le miTr s Co.4 F.d 1 0 1 2 ( d t 2 E. N. t , 0 4, f a e Bn k u u t , 43 3 8 , 9 2 Ci.2006 ( tng t tCl li if do no ct a ca e 1w s r ) noi ha çpjantfs t ie ny s a uppori t prposto t t tng he o iin ha 11 c por to m a neg i t s tl m e s pr K';s e as S aa d v.Cac lt d Co or a i ns y ota e e te nt o ' e lo e ln ) lu ae mmo i e . dt s i . LLC,No 1 1 -v- 3 2 ,201 U. Dit LEXI 1 0 0 a * ( D.Fl .De .2 ,20 6 . :6c 2 6 6 6 S. s. S 8 5 2, t 2 S. a c 9 1 ) ( odngt tac r o ae d fn a tc ud n tC riiaei t e S tlme tAg e me t' ni i h li ha o p rt ee d n o l o t tcp t n h et n re n 'u tl t pa e rtie c u s la d t ee o e d n ig t e Panifs moin t e oc te a r e n wih ean d o n e n h rf r e yn h li t ' io o nfr e h g e me t t f rs c t t a d fnd n) Glc I .v.M a elCo . No 4:2-v 01 3 2 3 U. Dit epe t o h t ee a t; o ks nc xs l m , . 1 c - 1 , 01 S. s. LEXI 1 3 7 ,a *1 ( D.Ga Apr 8 20 3 ( o dn t a ac n e t u g n s b te i S 9 4 2 t 6 N. . .1 , 1 ) h l ig h t o s n j d me t u mitd n a or nc wih apur td s tlm e a ee ntwa une or e bl a am a troflw be a e cc da e t pore ete nt gr me s nf c a e s te a c us i wa sg e b ac po aerp e e ttv i ta o a atr e ) The ed cso ss p o tte t s in d y o rt e r sn aie nse d f n to n y . s e iin u p r h c uson t tt o a a r e e pur tdl r c i t sc s i t nf r e bl ,a t tno oncl i ha he r l g e m nt pore y ea hed n hi a e s me o c a e nd ha s tlm e woul be bi ng u i a wrte ag e m e twaspr pa ed by c e te nt d ndi ntl itn r e n e r ouns la e cu e by e nd xe t d a1 r r s gna or es. l equied i t i Thi c uson i f rhe bolt r d by t S tlm e Pay e ' pr son oft dr f s oncl i s u t r se e he ç te nt m nt' ovii se he a t a e m e a t f c t tno pa nt ha be n m a by t de e gr e nt nd he a t ha yme s ve e de he f ndan s Alhough Flnts t. t i ' deca a i i caest tt pa te a e d t tt de e n swoul t I t c $700, a lr ton ndi t ha he ris gr e ha he f nda t d s nno e pay 000 s a i ta s tlme tpa me tb Frd y, b uay23 201 , Fl tDe l ! 3 t er c r rv as n ni l ete n y n y ia Fe r r , 8' i c. , h e o d e e l i ' n t tno pa e w a m a on t tda e o a da e t r afe . See Pl' Res t D e s 'M o .t ha ym nt s de ha t r ny t he e t r .s p. o f . t o En o c Set me tAge me t3 ( oig ta I n tch sn tr c ie a y s tlme tfmd ) f re tl n r e n 0 n t h t n oe a o e ev d n e t n t s. e n e l t ad,de e e c nse f ns ouns lf m a ded pl ntf' c e o r ai if s ouns lt dr tag e m e o Fe u r 23,201 e he af r e nt n br a y 8. Ra he t n r q rngt ta i ta s tlm e pay e bem a on t tdat t dr tag ee nt t r ha e uii ha n nii l e te nt m nt de ha e, he af r me lnke t da e oft i ta s tl m e pa e t t da e t pr i d he t he nii l e te nt ym nt o he t he opos d ag e m e wase c ed e z e nt xe ut by a1 r qui e s gna ores Suc e de e r i or es t conc us on t t t pa te di no l e rd i t i . h vi nc e nf c he l i ha he r i s d t i e t be bo nt nd o und t i a m i t n a e m e w a f l e c e Bec us a m i tn s tl m e mtl te gr e nt s ' y xe ut d. ul a e te e te nt 12 a e m e was ne r e c e çhe e i po e or ea e s tlm e a e m e bewee t gr e nt ve xe ut d, l r s t nf c bl e te nt gr e nt t n he pa te . Sa ,201 U . Di t LEX I 1 20, t*1 18. ri s' za ' 2 S. s . S 99 a 7- Fi l i i c e r fom t m a add to pr sbns i ude i t d a tag e m e naly, t s l a r he ny ii nal ovi i ncl d n he r f r e nt t tt pa te di notr a alor la e m e on a1m ae i ltr s Se Sta i e v.Suc r ha he ri s d e ch l a gr e nt 1 t ra e m . e r wbrdc a Mt Re o t lc,1 2 F.Ap x 28 ,2 (t Ci.2 0 )(A c u ts o l e f r ea stlme t . s r. n . 5 p' 6 91 4h r 0 5 ç o r h u d n o c ete n ç a e ntwhe t pa tesha agre on a1mae ilt= s' .. h addii ltr i l greme n he ri ve e d l tra e .' suc l tona ems ncude e e i r l a e pr vii a i a e t e c s de a pr so c ncelng pr vi c r cs xt nsve e e s o sons pplc bl o a h i , ovii n a li e ous onta t be we n t pa te ,c i n i lt a nondipa age ntpr sons a pr vii r uii t t e he ri s onfde taiy nd s r me ovii , o son eq rng he pl i ift c nve d s e t s a e pm e t a t r e iy,and a pr son pr hi tng antf o o y iput d ool nd qui nt o no he ntt ovii o bii t pl n if f o s i tng o doi busne s wih t de e nt 'c t m e s f a t yea he aitf r m olcii r ng i s t he f nda s uso r or wo- r pe i Bec us i c r be s d t tt pm i sr a he ac rod. a e t amot ai ha he e e c d omplt and fna a e m e durng ee i l gr e nt i t e pa t tl phone c he x re e e onve s to , healeg o a ag e m e i note or a e. r ai ns t l ed r l r e nt s nf ce bl Fora1o t s r as ,t de e nt 'moton t e or e s tlm e agr e e wilbe l f he e e ons he f nda s i o nf c e te nt e m nt l de e .s ni d II. D ef endants'M oton to St Proceedi and Pl ntf sM oton f Sanctons i av nas ai ir i or i De e nt a s m ove t sa f rhe pr e ngs i l ng dico r pe i ar i f nda s l o d o t y u t r oce di , nc udi s ve y, ndng ulng o t moton'o e or s tl me ag e m e . I lg oft c tsr i on t tmoton,t n he i t nf ce e te nt r e nt n i ht he our' ulng ha i he moin f rsa wilb d n e a mo t a dt ed fnd nswilb gve tn (0 b sn s d ys to o ty l e e id s o, n h ee a t l e i n e 1 ) u ie s a t r s nd t al ou sa ng dic r r ue t ,i l ng t e i ntfe i J o e po o l t tndi s ove y eq ss ncudi hos de iid n udge Hoppe' s Fe a y 1 2018 or r l t de e nt do not c pl w ih t i di c r oblga i ,t bnz r 2, de . f he f nda s om y t he r s ove y i tons he 5I pas i , t cour not t ti a r f om t bre s t tbot sdes r mai wilng t purue n sng he t es ha t ppea s r he if ha h i e n li o s a dio lstlme tne oito . Up nj itrq s,t c u twilr frte c s t ama itaej dg o d t na et n g tains o on e uet he o r l ee h a e o i e gsrt u e r ot desgnat neutalf t c her i ed r or he onduct of a sete tlment conf ence or mediton,i acc dance wih t er ai n or t he dico r pln adoptd on Ocober25,201 and LocalCi lRul 83. s ve y a e t 7 vi e 13 pl i ifma purue s nci nsa i tt dè e nt The pe i m oto f s nctonswilbe antf y s a to gans he f nda s. nd ng i n or a i l : d n e wih u p eu iet rne l e id t o t rj dc o e wa . 6 C onc us on l i Fort r s ns s a e t de e n s'm oton t e or e s tl m e a e m e a s a he ea o t t d, he f nda t i o nf c el e nt gr e nt nd t y pr e ngs wil be de e a t pl i ifs m oton f s nci wil be de e wihout oce di l nid, nd he antf i or a tons l ni d t p eu iet rn wa. rj dc o e e l TheClr i die t d t s nd co e oft sm e or nd opi o a t a ompa ng ek s rce o e pis hi m a um ni n nd he cc nyi or rt a1c ms lofr or de o 1 ot e ec d. DATED : s (% Thi da ofM a 201 y y, 8. u s Se rU nie St t s D it i tJ ni t d a e s rc udge 6The de endant moved t srket s e e albreffld i s f s o ti he upplm nt i ie n uppor oft pli ifsmoton f t he antf ' i or s tons Thatm o i wilbedeni a moo . anc i . ton l ed s t 14
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