Tinsley et al v. Streich et al, No. 3:2015cv00043 - Document 42 (W.D. Va. 2015)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 11/12/15. (jcj)
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CLERK' OFFI U S. ST COURT S CE DI . AT RQANQKE,V A FI LED I THE UN I N TED STA TES D I STRI CO URT CT FOR TH E W ESTERN D I STRI O F V I GI I CT R N A CH AR LOTTESV I LLE D I ISI V ON N0# 12 2 1 05 J A ULt BY: - ' CLERK î U C Fi T D AISY TI SLEY ,eta1, N . Ci lA c i N o.3: 5CV 000 vi ton 1 43 Pl i if , a ntf s M EM O M N D UM O PI I N N O By:Hon. l n E.Com'd Ge a Chi fUnie St t s D it i tJ e t d a e s r c udge H EA THER STREI ,M D ,e a . CH t 1, Def nda s e nt . l t sa ton, hi h w asr m o fom t Cicui Cour o t Ciy ofCharote vil , n hi c i w c e ved r he r t t f he t l t s le pl i if D a s Ti l on be l ofhe s fa a gua di n ofhe daug e , a e Twym a a ntf s i y nsey, ha f r el nd s r a r ht r K yl e n (C ee',a J r i Twy a s tcli ag ns dee nt He he Stec M . (; . 6 Kayl ' nd emane mmz ser ams ai t fnda s at r r ih, D. 6 ) Dr Stec ',GayFa M . (( .Fa ',Uni riyofVigi aPhyscinsGr up I (C r ih') r ng, D.ç Dr ng' ) vest r ni ia o nc. C UVA Physcins' PrcsonDos I (k ecson' L. ri Co ny(Tergo')l ndFa l i a ' e ii ) e nc.spr ii ' Pergo mpa û ri ',a ) miy Dola Se vce l (Ta l Dolar'.Thi c ei pr e l beor t c tonpli if' lr r i s nc.t miy l ' ) s as s esnty f e he our antfs m oto t r m a a Pe go' m oto t s ve .Fort r s s tf rh be o t c twil i n o e nd nd ni s i n o e r he ea ons e o t l w, he our l gr pl ntfs m o i a de Pe go' moton. ant ai if ' ton nd ny ni s i Backzround 1. Food and Drua A dm i s rat on' W arni A boutA cet i ni t i s nas am nophen l 2008,t FoodandDr Ad nitai (i 'r e e isi tgSaft n he ug mi srton $ FDA') elasd t i z ey Dr Tinsley et al v. Streich et al Doc. 42 N e s e t r' n whi h i s a e t tt oc ur e e ofs x c e ofSt ve - ohns Syndr e w l te ' i c t t t d ha he c r nc i as s e ns l on om ($ S'/o ce demalne r yss($ ' i t pateghtyeaswasSciialyi tnt kSJ ' txi pi r ) col i $ TEN' n he s i ) r srtc l mpora i or a i 'f t m e c lpr es i t c i rw he i s s i t r s be ftpr f l of a nf m ton' or he di a of s ons o ons de n s e s ng he i k ne i o ie as ' l t rc pl i t pl ntfsr er t Pergo a t t rio Co pany. How e r i isnotceof n hei om a n , ai if efred o ri s he t rg m pe ' ' ve , n t i r ova ,Pe rgo sa ed t tis busnes na e i i f c E Pe i Com pa ' em l r i t t ha t i s m s n a t C nL. go ny. ' Dockets.Justia.com d ug. Compl!24,Doc tNo.1 Ex. TheFDA a i waneda t rs ofSJ TEN i r ' ' , ke , A. gan r bouthe iks S/ n t f l i t o e tons ofis ne s e t r he olow ng w dii t w lt e . On Augus 1,2013, heFDA is awa ni t he t a epr de sa t t s ued r ng o alhc r ovi r boutt he c me ton bewee a tm i or c i t n cea nophe a s ve e,lf t e t ni s n c tons s h a n nd e r ie-hr a e ng ki ondii , uc s SJ TEN . I c utoned he lhc r pr vi r t be a a e oft sr s a i t u t d t t( S/ ta i a t a e o de s o w r hi ik nd ns r c e ha ' ne anyo de opi as nr s whietki (jea nophe so t dr i dit y.'d. 1 The vel ng ki ah l a ng ac tmi n, tp he ug mme ael 'l ! 0. FDA pr dedt ti t l r uiet tawa ni bea edt t lbe sofpr s rpton d ug ovi ha t û l eq r ha wi r ng dd o he a l ec i i r p o u t c nann a ea n p e t a de sters o sro s i ra to s' I . 2 . n r d cs o ti ig c tmio h n o d r s h ik f eius kn e ci n . d ! 5 I ' a ton,i w ili e ddii t l û ques t tm a a t er add a wa ni a ts r o s n r ac i t t r t ha nuf c ur s r ng bou e i us ki e tons o he pr oduc l bel ofOTC ac t m i phen d ug pr ta s e a no r oduc sm a ke ed u ra ne dnz a i a i ' t r t nde w g pplc ton' a woul ' nc ag ma a t esofdr pr t makeedunde t OTC monogrph (o) nd d t our e nufcurr e ug oducs r t r he a t dot s me'J he a .'Z I 1. K avl s Use ofA cet i ee' am nophen Dai y Ti l a J r ai Tw ym a a e Ka e s pa e s and e c pl i tf i a c tz n s nsey nd e m ne n r yl e' r nt , a h a n if s ii e ofVigi a.Dr Steih,Dr Fa a UVA Physcans( l tvey,t S r ni He lhc r r ni . r c . ng, nd ii coleci l he i gi a at ae vi Defnda s' aeas ctz nsofVigi a.De e nt Pr ii Pergo andFamiy Dola e nt' r lo iie ) r ni f nda s ecson, ri , l lr (ole tvey,heû movi Dee t')aectz nsofIlnoi, ihi n,a Norh Car i c lci l t ç Re ng fndans' r iie li s M c ga nd t olna, r pe tvey. ieofRe es ci l Notc mova !!5- Doc tNo.1 l 7, ke . On ora utOc obe 7,201 K a e w ho w a fve ye so1 a t tm e w e t t bo t r 4, yl e, si ar d t he i , nt o he e e g nc r m r e y oom a Cul pe Hos t w ih a m i f ve ,s e t oa ,a s o a h a t pe r pial t nor e r or hr t nd t m c che. She w asgi n a 320 m g c ofac t m i ve up e a nophe by J tn C . one M . . nd di c r d w ih a n us i St , D a s ha ge t dignossofû r s r me. Compl!11.Onora utOcobe 24, 4, ylert ne t a i s al ynd o ' vi ' . bo t r 201 Ka e eur d o t Cul he peperH os t ' em er pial s gency r oom w ih ibia er eye eryt a,nasalcongeston,and t t l t al hem i 2 t a s i r s wi u fv r'1 . t!1 S ewa gv na21 .0 mgc o a ea n p e nmc l kn a h t t e e . d a ( 2. h s ie ho ' 12 4 up f c tmio h n b Dr S rih a ds n h mewihada no i o S ia e a t a gila dvr l o j n tv ts' y . tec n e t o t ig ss f s r l x n h m sc n ia c nu ciii. v ' 1 Dr Stec as i tuc e Ti l a Twy a t gi Kayle a tona dos gesof d. . r ih lo nsr t d nsey nd m n o ve e ddii l a c l e sa t m i hidr n' ce a nophe a hom e, hi h t y di The ne da D r St e c s K a e a t n t w c he d. xt y, . r i h aw yl e t he Uni r iy ofV i g ni s e e ge y de r m en i Cha l t vil V igi a. tt tpoi ,Ka e ve s t r i a' m r nc pa t t n rotes le, r ni A ha nt yl e ha abod r h,m ou h s r s a f ve .Dr Stec ga he a325 mg c p ofa e a i d y as t o e , nd e r . r ih ve r u c t m nophe n a ds n h rh mewi ada n i o c nt tvtsa dc ik np x n et e o t ig oss f o jmciii n hc e o . h On ora utOc obe 27, 1 Ka e r t ne t t Uni r iy ofVigi a' e e ge y bo t r 20 4, yle eur d o he ve st r ni s m r nc de rm e wih abody r h t tc r heruppera l re r mii , ong ,a lps She pa t nt t as ha ove ed nd owe xte tes t ue nd i . w asdi gnos wih S i ela i e ton wih s c a ed t t c l nf c i var t e onda y s a s rnf ton i vi m uc a r t ph upe i ec i nvol ng os l me a e . l a ! 1 He me ia rp rsas n tdt t e s mp o a drs wee mbrn s' d. t 5. r dc l e o t lo oe ha h r y t ms n a h r ' pos i esgnsofSJ TEN . wa gve va omyci a c i m ycn f apr um e sbl i S/ She s i n nc n nd lnda i or es d s a oc c s rnf c i 1 Tha s m e da de m a ol s Ba ba a W is n, . .a s t phyl oc al upe i e ton. d. t a y, r t ogit r r lo M D lo da n s dKa lewi ç yhe M utfr mao . l . t 1 . ye wa t na mie t ig o e y e t i t ma l ome j r' d a ! 6 Ka le s he d t d o h Er i ' t t U ni st ofV igi a' Pe a r c I t nsve Ca e Uni unde t c r ofDr Fa who he ver iy r ni s di ti n e i r t r he a e . ng, c i ue t gi he a t m i ontn d o ve r ce a nophe K a e c i d t t ke a et m i n. yl e ontnue o a c a nophe f om Oc obe 28, n r t r 201 t N ov m be 4,201 4 o e r 4, Ka e w a e nt ly di gnos d w ih TEN i a ton t ç ym i r a ba t i l yl e s ve ua l a e t n ddii o s pol c obi l c era spss s k,a r piaor fiurs'1 a ! 1 OnNove r1 201 s wa ta fred e i, hoc nd es r t y al e . d. t 9. ' mbe 3, 4, he s rnser t t Bur U ni a Shrner H os t li Bos o M as a hus ts Tw o da l t r K a e w a a s o he n t t i s pia n t n, s c e t . ys a e , yl e s l o di gnos d w ih S s a ne r i ' ofhe tnge s r quii a put ton.She r m a ne a Shrne s a e t s t l c os s ' di r i r , e r ng m a i e i d t i r H os t lf om N ove ber 1 201 untlM a c 20, 5.K a e c r nty lve w ih he pa en s pia r m 8, 4 i r h 201 yl e ur e l i s t r r t i Vi g ni Pl i i f alege t tKayl e s f r d, nd w ilc i t s f r fom ,va i n r i a. a ntf s l ha e uf e e a l ontnue o uf e r rous 3 ij re ,n ldngS y d ma e v c l hodda g , c rig ls o a pe d g s h a t n u is i cu i s e a g , o a c r ma e s arn ,o s f p n a e , e r e c iai ,a ge r lde lt 'l a !23.Shealos fr fom e to lda ge omplc tons nd ne a biiy. d. t ' s ufes r moina ma cons s e w ih pos -r um a i sr sdi or r i t nt t tt a tc tes s de . 111 . 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S. 332; l v. lpath r s, l ,545U. 5 552( ) Di riyj iditonunde j 1 r r S mplt di r iy nc. S. 46, 2005 . vest urs ci r 332 equies k co ee ve st mnong pa tes m ea ng t tt c tz hi ofe r pl i ifm us be di f r ntf om t r i , ni ha he ii ens p ve y a ntf t f e e r he ctz hi ofe r de e nt' Ce .W . r ni Ene g Co. M o a n St t Ca bon.LLC, iiens p ve y f nda . nt Vigi a r y ' v. unt i ae r 636F. 1 ,1 ( h Ci.2011. 3d 01 03 4t r ) l a pl i iff l s a ac i n i s a e cou twih r s c t a m a t r o rw hi h t f de a f a ntf ie n t o n t t r t e pe t o te ve c he e r l c u t h v o i ia j rs it n,hed fn a t yrmo et ec s t tedsrc c u t o t e o rs a e rgn lu idci t ee d n ma e v h ae o h itit o r fr h o dititi whiht saec tslcaed. U. C.j1 ( . dee ntma no rmo a src n c he tt our i o t 28 S. 441a)A fnda y t e ve ca e howe r i t deenda i actz noft saei whiht acin wasbr s, ve ,f he f nt s iie he tt n c he to ought 1 j .d. 1 41b .na dto ,ç a a ytmeb f r fn l u g n i a p ast a t ed src c u ta k 4 () I d i n if t n i eo e i a j d me tt p e r h t h itit o r lc s i i s b e tmatr u idcin t ec s s al erma d d. 28U. C. 1 47c . er mo ig u j c te j rs ito ,h a e h lb e n e ' ' S. j 4 () Th e vn pa t be st bur n ofs ry ar he de howi t tr ng ha emova i pr r W is v.Re i Ion & StelCo. l s ope . lon publc r e , 2 7U. 9 , 7( 9 ) Be a s r mo a j rs ito rie i infc n fd rls c n en , 5 S. 2 9 1 21. c u e e v l u idcin ass s g iia t e eaim o c r s' s ' t ed src c u t tsrcl c n tuermo a j rs ito a d i fd r lu idcin i h itit o r mus tit o sr e v lu idcin n , f e ea j rs it s y o doubtulk r nd(osaec t i ne say. Mula vv. umbi Or ni Che . , f ,' ema t tt ourl s ce sr ' c he Col a ca c ms Co. a ' 29F. 1 1 ( hCi.1 . 3d 48, 51 4t r 994)Howe r fde a c t aeoblge t c r ulys r i z ve, e r l ours r i d o aef l cutnie c lenge t j iditona hort a mus C mor t nsmpl poi j iditona tatci hal s o urs ci ut iy nd t i do e ha i y nturs ci lr fi n t diect on of sat court ' 17t St eetA s he r i te s.' h r socs. LLP v.M ar I ' l Co. 373 F.Supp.2d . ket ntl ns. , 584, ( D. .2005) 592 E. Va . 5 1 . C ons ntt R e o e o m val A sa i ta m a t r pl ntf sa gue t t c r s d r m a t sc ebe a e t n nii l te , ai i f r hat he ou t houl e nd hi as c us he Vi gi a Hea t a e Def nda sdi notc e t r m oval A d e nts ki r m ova m us r ni lhc r e nt d ons nt o e . ef nda ee ng e l t t e a notc o r m ovalwihi 30 da a t r c ptoft i ta pl a ng s ti f t t 5l ie f e tn ys fer e ei he nii l e di e tng orh he pli ifscam frr le.28U. C.j 1 b) ) l c eswihmuli edefnda s Cal antf' li o eif S. 446( (1.n as t tpl e nt,tl d fn a t wh h v b e p o e l j ie a dsr dmu t on i o c n e tot ermo a o ee d n s o a e e n r p ry on d n eve sj i n r o s n t h e v l f t acin. I j 1 b)2 ( .ft dee nt aesr da dif e tme ,a altrsr e he to ' d. 446( ()A) I he fnda s r e ve t fernt i s nd ae-e v d ' de e nttl s ano i ofr m o l t n a e r i r s ve de e ntm ay c e t t f nda i e tce e va , he ny a le - er d f nda ons nt o he rmovale nt ug t tdee ntddno prvi l i taeorc e t rmo l1aj e ve ho h ha fnda i t e ousy niit ons nt o e va... p 1 46( ( ( .I ot rwo ds t n e rirs r e dee ntsfiur t rmovedoe notpr l 4 b)2)C) n he r ,t ale-e v d fnda ' al e o e a s ecude a l t r s r d def ntf o r m ovi ' M udd v.Com c tofM d. LLC, o. G- 4- 0, a e - e ve enda r m e ng. ' as s N PW 1 231 2015W L 77301 a *3( M d.Fe 23, 5) Coursi t FourhCic thowe r dono 7, t D. b. 201 . t n he t rui, ve, t r uie c e i def nda st sgn t no i ofr mova orfl a s pa a enotc ofr m ova . eq r ons ntng e nt o i he tce e l ie e r t i e e l M a ov. o Ed . fPrn eGe r e sCt , 3F.d 7 5 7 2( t Ci. 01 )2I se d,i y Bd. f uc o ic o c ' y.71 3 3 , 4 4h r 2 3 . n ta ç a notc ofr mova sgne a fld by a at e f onede e n r pr entngunambi ie e l i d nd ie n tom y or f nda t e es i guousy l t tt ot rde e nt c entt t r m ovals i test r quie e f unani ous c e ha he he f nda s ons o he e atsi he e r m nt or m ons nt f t pur eofrmoval'J or he pos e .. 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On t 5, ni ied upplme t o t notc ofr m ova ,satng t tt V igi a H e t a e Def nda sc e e t r m ova ,a i ie e l t i ha he r ni alhc r e nt ons nt d o e l nd, n s ppor,at c d a e a lfom c u t ta he n m i r ouns lf t Vig ni He lhc r De e nt . e or he r i a a t a e f nda s Pli tfsa guet tt s e nt lpla ngi de eci be a e i di no e tbls a n if r ha he upplme a e di s f tve c us t d t sa ih t tVigi aHeat a eDefnda t t mbi uousy c e edt r m o l Thec t s r e . ha r ni lhc r e n s ma g l ons nt o e va . our diag e s The r quiem e s tf r h i M a i t tt def nda m us t l a notc ofr m oval e r nt e o t n yo s ha he e nt t i e ie e S e es ntng una bi uousv t tt ot rde e i pr e i r m c l ha he he f ndan scons ntt r m o l' 71 F. a 742 t e o e va . 3 3d t ' (mphassa d) Her,c e' e ir e e tduna guousyt tt Vigni He t r e i dde . e ouns ls mal eprs ne mbi l ha he r i a alhcae Defnda sc ene t r e nt ons td o emova.Se SupplNotc ofRe l e . ie mova Ex. ,Doc tNo.1 1(ç l A. ke 5- $ On be l ofU ni r iy ofV igi a Phys c a Gr ha f ve st r ni i i ns oup,D rStei h a Dr Fa w e c e t you r c nd . ng, ons nt o r rmova oft sa tont fdealc t.' . orove , ri sae una guousyt tis e l hi ci o e r ourgl' M e r Pergo ttd mbi l l ha t s e ntpladi ts eme sisNotc ofr movala f ubs que e ng suppl nt t ie e nd onna l notfest Cour t tt ly ii he t ha he Vigi aHeat r Deenda sc e t rmova. SupplNotc ofRe r ni lhcae f nt ons nt o e l' ' . ie mova !5,Docke No. l t 1 The e or t cou tfndst tbo h t notc ofr m ova a s e e a no i o 5. r f e, he r i ha t he ie e l nd upplm nt l tce f r moval sgne by c e ,i d ouns ,c ai una guousr pr s nttonst ta 1de e nt c e e el ont n mbi e e e a i ha l f nda s ons nt d t r m o ng t c s t f de a c ur ,a r quie unde M a o e vi he a e o e r l o t s e r d r yo. Pl ntfsalocontnd t t e i ald e ai if s e ha , ven f l ef ndmzsc e e t r m ova , hef of t ons nt d o e l t onn Pe rgo' pl a ng i i ufi int Specfc ly, he a guet tPe gowasr r d t tl a ri s e di s ns fce . ii a l t y r ha ni equie o ie n a e m nded notc ofr m ova i or rt c r t l c ofuna m ous c en i is orgi no i e ie e l n de o u e he a k ni ons t n t i nal t c . The c t i t tPe r g spl di w a s fci ntt a e is no i e ofr m o l A s our t nds ha r i o' ea ng s uf i e o m nd t t c e va . pl i if co r c l poi ou ,c t i t Fourh Ci c tdo nota l a de e ntt n e a a ntf s r e ty nt t ours n he t r ui low f nda o m nd notc o r m ova t ough a m em or ndum i o ie f e l hr a n pposton t a m o i t r m a M c dde v. ii o ton o e nd. Fa n 7 Fe Na. o t. sn, 2 F. p' 2 3 2 3( t Ci. 1 ) Ho ve,nt isa tc s , d. tM rc As ' 5 5 Ap x 2 , 3 4h r 20 3 . we r i he n tn a e Pe rgo di no s e t a e isno i e ofr m ova t oug a m e or ndum . ns ea Pe r go ri d t e k o m nd t tc e l hr h m a I t d, r i f l d a addii lnotc ofr ova ,sa i une voc ly t ti i e d t s e e is ie n tona i e em l t tng qui a l ha t nt nde o uppl m nt t or g na notc ofr m oval Pe rgo a s s a e t tS t f lng he e i no isr pons t t i i l ie e . r i l o t t d ha t s ii i r s t t es e o he mo int rma d whc wil etmeyflgla altrd t. S p lNoieo Re v l( n. to o e n , ih lb i l ied t ae ae' u p . t f mo a !5 2 ' c (mphai i orgi l. eor,t c r tndst tPe go' ltrpla ngwa pr i or r e ss n i na) Therf e he ou ti ha ni s ae e di s oper n de t s em e is notc ofr m oval o uppl nt t i e e . I a ton,pl ntf sa gue t tPe go di notob a n t V igi a H e lhc r n ddii ai i f r ha ni d t i he r ni a t a e Def nda s c e u i a tr i had ale dy r m ove t ca e. owe ,t c tfndst t e nt ' ons nt nt l fe t ra e d he s H ver he our i ha Peni w a notr quied t obt n c e f om t Vi gi a H e t ar D e e n sprort go s e r o ai ons nt r he r ni alhc e f nda t i o flngisnoieofrmo l28U. C.j1 pr dest tadee ntma c e t rmova ii t tc e va. S. 446 ovi ha fnda y ons nt o e l whe a lt rs r d def nda flsanotc ofr m o l e n t n a e - e ve e nt ie i e e va, ve hought tde e ntt d not ha f nda t di pr vi l i taeorco en t rmo l'28U. C.j1 b)2)C) Hee Pe go fldis e ousy niit ns t o e va. ' S. 446( ( ( . r, ni ie t no i ofr m ova a t n obt ne c e f om t Vi gi a Hea t r D e e n s whi h i tce e l nd he ai d ons nt r he r ni lhca e f nda t , c s pemisbl unde t c rntveri o j1 Alo,a a atr tvea g ntPerg nots r si e r he ure son f 446. s s n le nai r ume , rio e t ti di no pr vi l obt i c e fom t Vigi a Heat r De enda sbe aus i ha t d t e ousy an ons nt r he r ni lhca e f nt c e t b le e ta te we eno p o el on d a dt rf r ta terc n e twa n t e urd eiv d h th y r t r p ryj ie , n heeo e h th i o s n s o r q ie unde j 1 b)2)A) Ovealt co tfndst tPe g o ane una mo co e fom al r 446( ( ( . rl,he ur i ha ni o bti d ni us nsnt r l de e nt a s tsi d t r m o ls a ut . f nda s nd a i te he e va t t e II. Di versiv Juri cton t sdi i H a ng de e m i d t tPe go obt ne una m o co e t r m o t s a to t vi t r ne ha ni ai d ni us ns nt o e ve hi c i n o fd r l o r,h c u t t o d tr n wh t e ih ss be tmatr u idcint rti e e a c u tte o r mus n w eemie eh r t a u jc te j rs ito o ean t c e, c i t c u oft pa te 'dia e me .nt c e ofdi riyj iditon, he as whih s he r x he ris s gre ntl he ontxt ve st urs ci 8 t ea et ditnc l ldoc rnest tç low c rst dir ga d t ctze hi ofnon- ve s her r wo si t ega ti ha û l ou t o s e r he ii ns p a di r e pa te a rti j iditon. Stphe v. ie Fou Heat Plnoft M i At.Stt e ris nd ean urs ci ' e ns Kasr nd. lh a he d- l aes ' I c, 0 F. u p. 3 5 3 9( Md. 01 ) Th frt fa d e t on e , p le wh nt n .8 7 S p 2d 7 , 7 D. 2 1 , e is,r u uln j id r a pis e he p an if e d fa uln fcso j i s v r l ee d n si t ea to wh r t eei d o litf pla s rud e t a t r ons e ea d fn a t n h cin ee h r s û n posi lt ofs c sa ns t edee nt. I Thes c fa e mij nde , whi sbiiy uc es gai t hos fnda s' d. ' e ond, rudulnt soi r on ch Pe rgo r i ,i a m or r e l ga d t i t tw a fr ta tcul t d by t El nt Ci c ti r i eles s e ec nt e l oc rne ha s i s r i a e he eve h r ui n Ta c tv. S De e Se vc Comorto 77F. 1 1 ( 1hCi.1 . cfc ly, psot M alr r ie ain, 3d 353, 360 1 t r 996) Spe iial fa d ln mi on e i k na s rint t li a an tc rand fn n s whi p o a l, ru ue t s id r s t se t ha cams g is e ti ee da t, l r v be j a o e ha no r lc ve ea onne ton t t c a m sa i to he de e nt i t s m e ac i n a w e e onl c i o he l i ga ns t r f nda s n he a t o nd r y icu e i ode t d f a dvest j rs ito a rmo a. W y tv. also AraMe . n ld d n r r o ee t i ri u idcin nd e v l' at Ch re t n e d y ' Ct.l ,651F.Supp.2d492, ( D.W . 2009) Thedocrnewasc e tdi or rt r, nc. 496 S. Va. . ti r ae n de o ç rv n u s n p lu panif fo i r p ryj ii gn n dves pa t si afa d e t s e e t n c z uo s li t s r m mp o e l on n o - i re ri n r u uln p f e a t m ptt a d a f der lf um . La s v. bbot La . N o. te o voi e a or ' r on A ' t bs , ELH - 3 0055 2013 W L 14, 59378 a *1 ( M d. 24, t 3 D. Nov.5, 3) 201 . Th Fo rhCic iha n te p e sya o tdtefa d ln mij n e d crn a d e u t rut s o x rsl d pe h ru ue t soid r o tie n dititc t wihi t cr ui ha diag e d a t whehe t a src ours t n he ic t ve s r e s o t r o dopti.l a *1 Am o t t d. t 2. ng he c u t ta h v a o tdt efa d ln mij id rd crne teei a dto a ds g e me t v r o rs h t a e d pe h ru ue t son e o ti ,h r s d iin l ia re n o e tesa d r ta a p iswh nd cdigwh t e ap ryh sc mmitdfa d ln mij id r L. h tn ad h t p le e e i n eh r a t a o t r u ue t son e .d e a I Ta c t,h Co r h l t a Cplitfs)atmp t j i te ep risi s e r go sa t n psot te u t ed h t' an if' te to on h s a t s o g e i u s o g e c ttt fa ulnt oi r'77F. a 1 60. onsiue rud e j nde . ' 3d t 3 Somedititco t ha tke t slngua t src urs ve a n hi a ge o me nt tt mij nde mus bee e ousi or rt tndfa e mij nde . e e. , a ha he soi r t grgi n de o i r udulnt soi r Se . 2. W vat 651F.Supp.2da 496(i-'ec t c dnotfndt t j nderwas4oe e ousas t, t d fh ourl oul g i hathe oi s grgi t c tt efaudulnt oi r''( i Ta c t 77F.da 1 ) Howe r t maort of o onsiut r e j nde .' quotng psot, 3 t 360). ve ,he j iy 9 d src c u t wihnt Fo rhCic it a h v a o tdt efa uln mi on e d crn itit o rs ti he u t rut h t a e d pe h rud e t s id r o tie j ha d lne t i pos a eg egi r quie e . e La s 201 W L 5937824,a *1 ve ec i d o m e n r ous e r m nt Se r on, 3 t 2 (itngc es;seas Stphe ,8 F.Supp.2da 38 (a . lsi as ) e lo e ns 07 t 0 s me) M o e v r te ei as l a n d src c u t a t wh t e fa d ln mi on e r o e,h r s pi mo g itit o rs s o eh r ru u e t s id r t j s u db a ay e u d rtesaeo fd r l ueg v r n p r siej id rof a t s l ho l e n lz d n e h tt r e e a r l o enig emisv on e p ri .n e Ta c t t El nt Cicui a l ed t c eund rt f de a r l ,bu not d t tt sa e ps ot, he eve h r t na yz he as e he e r l u e t e ha he t t j i e r l h die tc la u g . p c t, 7F.da 1 5 n.. edsrc c u tnS e h ns ond r ue a d n ia lng a e Ta s ot 7 3 t 3 5 1 Th itit o r i tp e c n u tdasmia a ay i a df u dta Ma ya d' p r siej id rr l wa o d ce i lr n lss n o n h t r ln s e misv on e ue s S ubsa i l i n i lt isf de alc e par a nee no bec i r d i pe nty.' s t ntvey de tca o t e r ountr t nd d t onsde e nde nde l ' s 8 7F. u p 2 a 3 n.. r ,h Vignaa dfd rlr e f rp r si j id rof a t s 0 S p . d t 81 5 Hee t e r ii n e ea uls o emisve on e p ri e a et rualy i ntca,t ug t Vigi a sau eandr l omi a r f r nc t Ie i of r d t l de i l ho h he r ni tt t vi u e t ny e e e e o s res ta a tonsoroc ure e .'W rc v.Lil 66Va. r 1 a *5( rns ci c rnc s'' iht ly, Ci. 95, t 2004) . I t sc e, hec tuli ael ne d nota r st et eted is r ga di n hi as t our tm t y e dd es hes ms tl s ues e r ng fa e mij nde.Eve i t co tweet ado t docrneasa exc ptont t r udulnt soi r n f he ur r o pt he ti n e i o he c mp eediest r l, ihi d ci e t d ,h c u t id nomij id r nd ret e te o lt v ri ue whc t e ln s o o te o r fn s y son e u e ih r h fdealort saer e.Se Las 201 W L 59378 a *1 (s runaey,(hec ut nee e r he tt ul e ron, 3 24, t 3 t t tl t ot' d Fo j no e trti d crn ltike. e i gh c u t a o t dt fa d ln mij id rdo tie t n e hs o tia hc tEv n f t e o rl d p e he ru ue t son e crn , des t is ta s a yi i t s ve t c a m si t sca e woul t n t do rne e ie y on pie t l w , ppl ng t o e r he l i n hi s d ur he cti ntr l ishe d.) s ealoStphe ,807F. t a ' , e s e ns '' Supp.2 a 381n. (ûT1 is ofeg e ous s woul dt 4 1( he sue r gi ne s d no e e c meit plyi s fra t i Co r c n l d st eewa nomij i d r' . t v n o n o a n o a s hs u t o cu e h r s so n e.) ' a. Sam e Tr ansacton or Occurrence i Unde bot t Vigi aa fde a r esf pemisvej nderofpates apli ifmay r h he r ni nd e r l ul or r si oi ri , antf j ns vea dee t i oneacini a rghtofrle t pli ifase t agans t oi e rl fndans n to f ny i eif he antf s rs i the 10 def nda s i t a tr i e,a ie ou oft s m eta a ton oroc ur e e.Se Fed. Ci e nt, n he le natv rs s t he a r ns c i c r nc e R. v. P. 0 a( )A)(t ro .. yb one i o ea to a d fnd nsi .. n rg tt r l fi 2 ()2 ( C s ns . ma ej i d n n cin s ee a t f . a y ih o ei s pe e as e t a i tt m ..i t atm atve wih r s c t o a ii outo t s meta a ton s red ga ns he . n he le i t e pe t o r rsng f he n r ns c i ( )occ rnc .' s eas Va.Co Al j8. - ($ pat a s ri ..acai ..ma or ure egll; e lo de m. 01281 ( ry s e tng . l m . y A pl d a t r tv f c sa t oresofr c er a i tale na i pa te , ovi d t s h ea le na i e a t nd he i e ov y ga ns t r tve ri s pr de hat uc cams..ordema f rle s j ne aie0utoft s meta a tonoroc rnc ' li . nds or eif o oi d rs he a rns ci cure e.). I s fra teVignaj id rr l i s b tn ilysmia t tefd r lon e r l,h c u t n o a s h r ii on e ue s u sa tal i lr o h e ea j id r ue t e o r ne d nota yz ea h l l s pa a e y butwilnotc i rw he he t pl i if rghtt r le e nal e c ' e e r t l u l ons de t r he a ntf s' i o e i f a i esoutofa ' e i oft a ac i oroc r enc ' ast l ngu i pr e onl i t rs ' res r ns tons s cu r es' hat a age s es nt y n he fd r lo n e r l. e . Ci. 20a ( ( . h l teei n ce rr l o sn l ts t e e a j i d r ue F d R. v P, ( )2)A) W ie h r s o la ue r ig e e t o de e m i whet ra s off c sc tt esa sngl ta a ton oroc r e e, t r ne he et a t onsiut i e r ns c i cu r nc cours ge r ly t ne a l c tuet phr s ts tans to oroc r nc 'lbe al i of ra cai a ie fom t onsr he a e kame r aci n cure e' i r ly ns a s l ms rs r he s meta a ton oroc unvnc i t y ha a( o c lr a i t onea t r' Stphe ,807 F. a r ns c i c e f he ve s gi a elton o l no he . e ns ' Su 2da 382(ii 7Chare AlnW rghte a1,Fe rlPrctcea Pr e ej 1 ( pp. t ctng ls a i t . dea a i nd oc dur 653 3d e 2001) seas Sa lv.BL Lt ,71 F. 1 ,1 ( hCi.1 Cdheta a tono d. ); e lo va d. 0 2d 027 031 4t r 983) - r ns ci r f oc ur enc t s w o d pe m i al r as bl r l t d c ai s f r le by ora i tdif r nt c r e e t ul r t l e ona y e a e l m or e i f ga ns f e e pa te t betidi asngl pr e ng. (nenalquoai maksomit ) Thel ia ris o re n i e oce di ' itr ' tton r tedl. ogc l r l tons p t s pr dest t4 1l c ly r l t d e nt e tti a per on t i tt e a l al e a i hi e t ovi ha d ogi a l e a e ve s n ilng al s o nsiut eg a ton ag ns a herge r l a er ga de asco pr s ng a ta a ton orocc r nce. 7 ci ai t not ne aly r e r d m ii r ns c i ur e ' ' W rg te a.s p aa j 1 5 TheF u t Cic ih sh l t a Rul 2 ()ç h u db c n tu d ih t l, u r t 6 3. o rh rut a ed h t e 0 a t o l e o sr e s i lg ofispur e w hi h i t pr o e ti lco ni nc a e die t fna de er i ton n i ht t pos , c s o om t r a nve e e nd xpe t he i l t m na i ofdi put t eby preventng m uli e l s t ' Saval 710 F. at1031. s es, her i tpl aw uis.' , 2d I t s case,Per i arguest t m edi m al actce cl m sand t pr n hi r go hat he cal pr i ai he oductlabiiy i lt cli sdo no a ie o oft s m eta a ton oroc urenc Spe ii aly,i c e t tt am t rs ut he a r ns c i c r e, c fc l t ont nds ha he m e c m al ac i c a m sr a e t t f l e t di gnos a a l ged a r e r c i t di al pr tce l i el t o he aiur o a e n le dve s ea ton o a t m i phen whe e t pr uc la lt c a m sr l t t t f iur t e r i e r as bl ce a no r as he od t i biiy l i e a e o he a l e o xe c s e ona e c e i t des g t s i m a a t i m a ke i a l be i ofac t m i ar n he i n, e tng, nuf c ur ng, r tng, nd a lng e a nophe l a ton, n. n ddii Pe go a g t tt e de enec s a y t pr t m e ca m apr tc c am sdif r ni r ues ha he vi nc e s r o ove he di l l aci e l i fe s s t nta l fom t tne dedt pr vet pr tla lt cai . ubsa ily r ha e o o he oduc i biiy l ms The c tfndst a hortesc t d by pl i t fs t be m o epe s s ve bas d o t f c s our i he ut ii ie a n if o r r ua i e n he a t i t s c s .l a sm ia c s i vi TEN a t d u D iantn, he di ti tco tf und no n hi a e n i l r a e nvol ng nd he r g l i t sr c ur o fa d ln mij id rb c u eûth camsf r eifa sre a an tal ee d nsae ru ue t son e e a s t l e li o r le se td g is 1 d fn a t r g prmie ont hamf efecspr e byt dnl .'N. e r lJ sv.Pfze ,nc.No.C e s d he r ul f t oduc d he ggl' C. x e. one i rl , 1 00531W HA, 2 W L 1 2201 02951 a *4( D.Ca. a . ,201 . I a t rc ei vi 8, t N. 1M r 26 2)3 n nohe as nvol ng us oft dr M ia a pl ntf s s e e he ug r pex nd ai if ubs quen de l pm e ofa co pul i ga blng ha t t ve o nt m sve m i bi, t di t i tc t ound t tt c ai s a i tt doc o a dr m a a t e a os outoft he sr c our f ha he l m ga ns he t r nd ug nuf c ur r r e he s e t a a ton oroc ur e e. e Ri e v. i e . nc. N o.3: CV am r ns c i c r nc Se c Pfz r I , 06- 0757- ,2006 W L M 1 3 5 5 a * ( D. x. u . , 0 6 (A1o teP anif' li a iefo ij re 9 2 6 , t 3 N. Te J l7 2 0 ) t 1 f h litfs cams rs r m n u is t a lge y c us d by t ng M ia x.Furhe m o e t r ol i oft ne i nc cai a ns le dl a e aki r pe t r r , he es uton he glge e l m gai t t Phama e ialDee a sc daf tt la lt o t r tr.) Fi ly,i asae he r c utc fnd nt oul fec he ibiiy f he doco l'. nal n tt ' c tca e t C ic tCour f t Ciy ofPor s out f our s , he r ui t or he t tm h ound t tt pl i t f ' c a m sag ns ha he a n if s l i ai t bo h t pha m a utc lm a ac ur r a t hea t a e pr de s a os outoft s m e t he r ce i a nuf t e s nd he lhc r ovi r r e he a t a a ton oroc r e e be a e i e a i ,oft pos i lt t tt dif r ts t of r ns c i cu r nc c us , nt r la he s biiy ha he f e en e s d fn a t wo l ba e c o h rf r h ij r S eW rc t6 Va Ci.1 5 a * 4(t e e d n s ud lme a h t e o t e n uy. e ih , 6 . r 9 , t 1 t The Cour o er st ta l s oneoft phama utc lma a tr r ha ..camg t tt t bs ve ha t eat he r ce ia nufcu es s . li edl ha he 3 Thecour no es how e r t t diti tc ti t s c s a i a e e o ne ss a r f is t t , ve , hat he src our n hi a e ppled n gr gi us s t nda d or t fa d ln mi on e a ayss Assae pe iu l,hsc u t e l e t rl o wh te t a o t ne rgo s s ru ue t s id r n l i. ttd rvo sy ti o r d ci s o ue n eh r o d p a g e iunes j n sa r i t sc e. tnda d n hi as he lh- a epr de skne oft rs a s a e wih t dr gsa is and we ei abet r at c r ovi r w he iks s ocit d t he u t s ue r n te po iint ntep a ma e tc l n fcu est p e e tij r a dd ah.) st ha h h r c uia ma u a t rr o rv n nu y n e t ' . o ' Ba e on t f t oft sc e, he c lt i t pl ntf s m e c m al a tc a sd he ac s hi as t otr tnds hat ai i f ' di al pr c i e nd pr uc la lt c a m s a i e o oft s e t a ac i n o oc ur e .Pl i if 'c a m s a i t od t i biiy l i r s ut he am r ns to r c r nce a ntf s l i ga ns ald fn a t r lt t Ka lesu eo a ea n p e h rs b e u n ij re , n tealg d l ee d n s eae o y e ' s f c tmio h n, e u s q e t nu is a d h l e e f iur t wa n oft rs ofde opi SJ TEN afe i tng t dr g. hie Pergo a gue al e o r he iks vel ng S/ tr ngesi he u W l ri r s t tpr vi t m e c lm apr c i c am woul do not ng t pr t pr tla lt cli , ha o ng he di a l a tce l i d hi o ove he oduc i biiy am t neglge a lga i ase td agans bot t Removi De e nt a t Vigi a he i nce le tons s re i t h he ng f nda s nd he r ni H ea t a e D e e nt a e s r l t d t ti i pos i et ta de e m i ton oft c ai s a i t lhc r f nda s r o e a e ha t s sbl ha t r na i he l m ga ns t Re ovi Def nda s c d a f c t V igi a Hea t a e De e nt 'la lt Se Gr ne he m ng e nt oul f e t he r ni lhc r f nda s i biiy. e ee v. ri Pham.Cor , 7: CVNova ts r p.No 07- 00091 2007W L 3407429,a * ( . Ga. , t 4 M D. Nov.1 4, 2007)( di t t(g lal t pr tla lt a me c ne i ncecamsa iefom t hol ng ha tcle ry,he oduc ibiiy nd dial glge li rs r he smeta a to o o c re c 'b c u etp litfs camsiv l t es meij r c u e b a rns ci n r c u rn e' e a s l lanif ' li n ove h a n u y a s d y l t s med ug,a t r s uto oft cai a i tghema a t e jc dafc t la lt he a r nd he e ol in he l m gans t nufcurr oul fe t he ibiiy of(hedocor' ;seas Rie,200 W L 1 t t l' e lo c ) 6 932565,a *3(ûft Phama utc lDefnda t t $ he r ce ia e n s l pr t tt ypr deda quaewani t physca and/ t publc..t n (hedocor ove ha he ovi de t r ng o iins or he i . he t tl ma bela ef me c lmal aciebe us hekne o s d g ve lnown oft rs y ibl or dia pr tc ca e w r houl ha )c he iks basdont Phamac utc Defnda s'wani ' .nt sca e i t Re vi Defnda s e he r e ial e nt r ng.) l hi s ,f he mo ng e nt ' a e la e f f lng t w a n he lhc r pr vi r and c um e s oft r s ofde o ng r i bl or aii o r a t a e o de s ons r he i ks vel pi SJ TEN a tr i s i a e a i S/ fe nge tng c t m nophe t V igi a Hea t a e D e e an sm a es a la lt n, he r ni lhc r f nd t y c pe i biiy f t ra l ge ne i en t e t e tofKayl e. e rhe es ,i i al o pos i e f bot t or hei le d glg t r a m n e N ve t l s t s s sbl or h he Re ov ng Def nda sa t V igi a Hea t r D e e nt t be f m i e nt nd he r ni lhca e f nda s o ound ne i nta t glge nd he c us o Ka lesij re , u hta tecamsa eitrwi d a e f ye ' n u is s c h t h li r ne t ne . M or over e n t h Ka e i t d a e a i phe on muli eoc asonsdurng a e , ve houg yl e ngese c t m no n tpl c i i s t i oftm e t tf cti notdi pos tve a e c dos ge i a C og c ly r l t d e nt's as hor perod i , ha a s s ii s a h a s i i a l e a e ve ' o l t c ieasngl ta a tonoroc ure Ri ,2006W L 1 o omprs i e rns ci c rnce. ce 932565,a *3( i I r t quotng n e S l aP o . a . tc.3 F. u p. d5 3 6 0( D. x. 0 5 I a dto , ot ee tn ii r ds Lib Lii , 98 S p 2 6 , 5 S. Te 2 0 :.n d iin t h x e t c t tpl i if i t sca e oferditnc e de e t es a i h t rm e c lm al a tc a ha a ntf s n hi s f s i t vi nc o t bls hei di a pr c i e nd pr tla lt c am s t tf c t an tat rt sa yss'St phe ,807 F.Supp. a 384. oduc i biiy l i ,ha a t i no le hi nal i. e ns c ' 2d t The e or ,t co tfndst tt c a m sa ns t Re ovi D e e nt f f lng t wn n of r f e he ur i ha he l i gai t he m ng f nda s or aii o r t r s ofac t m i phe a t cl m s a i tt Vi g ni H e t r D e e nt f he i ks e a no n nd he ai ga ns he r i a alhca e f nda s or ne i nty tea i di gnos ng,a a itng Ka e a e r as bl r l t d cl i s a t , glge l r tng, a i nd dm ti yl e r e ona y e a e a m nd, hus ha al c lr ltons p t e c ot r Ac r ngl t c ttndst tt cai a i tbo h ve ogi a ea i hi o a h he . co di y, he our i ha he l ms gans t s t ofde e n sa i e outoft s m e t a a ton o oc ur e ,s ts yi bot t f r la es f nda t r s he a r ns c i r c r nce a i f ng h he ede a nd Vign a on e r ls r ii j id r ue . b Co n Qu sino . mmo e to fLaw o Fa t r c l or rt s tsy t s condpr ofRul 20, he emus be ac n de o a if he e ong e t r t omm on que ton oflw si a orfc a ngalparisi t acin. d. Ci P.20()1( .Howe , te r quesi a t mo l te n he to Fe R. v. a( )B) verno vey ton o lw o fc i t ea t n mu t c mmo a n tep ris rt e,h r l p r t j id r f a r a t n h ci o s be o n mo g h a t ; ah r te ue e mis on e e whe ve t r wilbe i tl a tone c m on que ton of1 w orf t'a ong t pa te .7 ne r he e l ' e s a om si a ac ' m he ri s W rg e als pr j 1 Thi i ate bl ts a s dbedea a br dl a posi e iht t . u a 653. s s l xi e e t nd houl ù d s oa y s sbl r whe e e d i gs i l eyt p o t u iil c n my'1 ;Se he s 8 7F. p 2 a 3 4. n v r o n o s i l o r moej dca e o o . d, tp n , 0 Su p. d t 8 k ' The r e a s doesnoti once n is l w ih w he he c r a n quesi ofl w a f c wila i e ul l o s c r tef t t r e ti tons a nd a t l rs whihwilnotbeco c l mmont alpa t dee nt. Stphens 8 F.Supp.2da 38 (mphai o l ry fnda s' e ' , 07 t 4e ss i orgna) n ii l. A ppl ng t e pr nc pl s t c t i t t r i a l a tone c m o q ton of yi hes i i e , he our t nds hat he e s t e s om n ues i lw orfc i t sc e. ai if not t commonase tonsa i tdee ns ( )fiur t a a t n hi as Pl ntfs e wo sri gans fnda t: 1 al e o wanoft rs ofa t nophe andd l ngSJ TEN,a ( fiur t asocaet r he iks ceami n eveopi S/ nd 2) al e o s it he c onnec i be w e n ac t m i phen a SJS TEN .M o e r t r i a c m on que to off c ton t e e a no nd / r ove , he e s om si n at i t sc s a t d ihd fn a th dif r to rg r igrh d u s rs sa dwheh rt a n hi a e s o ç c ee d n a n o main e a dn te r g') ik n wh te h t i or a i n w asa qua el di c os d. I r A c t l pr . a ,8 F. p.2d 1 nf m t o de t y s l e ' n e cu aw ods Lib. 41 Sup ' 243,1 247 - ( . F12 2 ; e as La s n 2 3W L 5 3 8 4 a * 3(kl h r a es v r l o n M D. . 01 ) s e lo ro , 01 9 7 2 , t 1 s-l ee r e ea c mmo gque tonsoff c bewee t t s t ofde e nt ,i l ng t pr it ofpr s rbi si a t t n he wo e s f nda s ncudi he oprey e c i ng HUM I t anH1 pes frt te t n ofps ra i.) M ooev. iLil No. 06RA o V+ ron o he r ame t oiss'; t El ly, C- 472, ' 2006W L 3 907, t*3( D. x.De 21 20 )(i ngc 761 a S. Te c. , 06 tndi ommonis a sues mongt he de e nt , anl whet rt ma acur ri or e t doc oroft dr srs ,a fndi f nda s m i y he he nuf t e nf m d he t he ug' iks nd i ng t tt cli sagans bot pa te wilr quie C e ol i n ofi ntc ll ga is s h as ha he am i t h ri s l e r d s uto r de i a e l s ues uc ca ai a da ge .';Copelndv.El Lil No. 0431 2005W L 353339 a * ( . us ton nd ma s' ) a i ly, 05- 8, 4, t 3 W D. Mis De . 2 2 0 )Ctl h c ano c mmu iain a da yb e ksi i fo t ed u s. c 2 , 0 5 l- e h i f o n c to - n n ra n t r m h r g -l ma u a t rrt t ep te ti ac mmo is eo fc.) Jmio v P r u P am. .2 F. n fcu e o h ain s o n su f a t'' a s n . u d e h r Co, 51 ', S p 2 1 5 1 2 ( D. is 2 3 (( h fcu l e usta c n e t a1h p risi te u p. d 31 , 3 3 S. M s. 00 ) iT1 e a t a n x h t o n cs lt e a t s h ( e du Ox c n i ..) Alo panif s e t rc v rtesmed ma e f rKa e ' ij re r g y o tn..'. s , li tfs e k o e o e h a a g s o yle s n u is ' f om a lde e nt ,whi h pr desf r he s r l f nda s c ovi u t r uppo tt t c ts fndi t tt r i a l as o r o he our ' i ng ha he e s t e t ne com m on q s i ofl w orf c be we t t o gr psofdef nt . va t 651 F.Supp. a ue ton a a t t en he w ou enda s W t, 2d t 498;l r Acc a ,841F.Supp. a 1 n e utne 2d t 247. ri co e , we r t tt m e c Pe rgo nt nds ho ve , ha he dial m apr ctcec am si vequesi nsa l a i l i nvol to boutt pr e sona sa d ofc r whe ea t he of s i l tndar a e, r s he pr tlabiiy cai si vepr oft desg t tng, a a urng,a lbelngof oduc i lt l m nvol oof he i n,esi m nuf ct i nd a i a et m i c a nophe Alhough t r m a be s pa a e f c ua alega i nsa d s i tl als a r n. t he e y e r t a t l l to nd i tnc eg t nda ds f t R e ovi De e nt a t Vi gi a H e t a e Def nda s t e dif r nce do no or he m ng f nda s nd he r ni alhc r e nt , hos f e e s t pr cl t c tstndi t tt r i a las o c e ude he our' i ng ha he e s t e t ne ommon quesi of1w orf cti t sc s ton a a n hi a e. Mos i o tnl t c u ti d t ti p anif h dn t on dbohteRe vn t mp ra ty,he o r fn s ha f litfs a o j ie t h mo ig D e e nt a t V igi a H e lhc r D ef n si t sac i t n e h s tofde enda s f nda s nd he r ni a t a e enda t n hi ton, he ac e f nt c u du iiete' mpyc ar' e e s , n c n e inl ba Ka lesij re o temisng o l tlz h é t h i'd fn e a d o v nc t lme y e ' n u is n h si e y de e nt a t i l La s 201 W L 5937824,a #1 St phe ,8 F. f nda s t ra . r on, 3 t 3; e ns 07 Supp.2d a 38 Thi t 4. s c d l a t a st ton whe et c gr ofde e nt woul fl t r pa t cli sa i t oul e d o iua i r i h oup ea f nda s d ie hid ry am gans t pe s ore ii i t ot rgr up. l a *1 Si lrt t f c si W ya t d he he r ons nttes n he he o ' d. t 4, mia o he a t n ' t, s t d fn a t wil l s c ranl de aewh c d fn a ti mo t epo sbef rt eij re .., e e d n s l amo t e ti y b t ih ee d n s s rs n il o h nu is .(j (l eij re t ms l s t ee tn o teij re , n wh t a s dto eijzis.' 5lF. th n u is he eve ,h x e t f h nu is a d a c u e h s n l e l '6 r l Supp. a 498.The ef e t co tfndst tt s c ai s m us be r ol d a i tbo h t 2d t r or , he ur i ha he e l m t es ve ga ns t he Removi De enda sa t Vig ni He lhc r Def nda si t s me a to ng f nt nd he r i a at a e e nt n he a c in. Fial t c u t i st thep r s b h n t efa d ln mij id re e to i n t n l he o r fnd ha t u po e e i d h ru u e t son e xc p in s o y, p e e ti t sc s . a d ln mij id ro c r wh nt epanif onsn n dv red fn a t r sn n hi a e Fru u e t son e c u s e h litfj i o - ie s e e d n s i or rt pr ntdef nda sf om r m ovi t c s t f de a co t W ya t 651 F.Supp. a n de o eve e nt r e ng he a e o e r l ur . t, 2d t 4 . e i t c u t r t a o t h fa d ln mij i d rd crn ,h r i n e i e c t t 96 Ev n f he o r we e o d p t e ru ue t son e o ti e te e s o v d n e ha plitfsj ie t eVigni He lh aeDe e d n si o d rt d fa j rs ito I fc,h an if on d h r i a at c r fn a t n r e o e e t u idcin.n a t te j nde r e aemea t bei eprt lbealyi or rt e ur t tcai r r ngsmia oi r uls r nt o ntr eed i r l n de o ns e ha l ms egadi i lr i s a etid t t ra wilt o ot tilc s ues r re ogehe nd l t m e ra onve e a e diet fna de e m i ton pr ninee nd xpe t he i l t r na i ofdiputs t rbypr ntngmuli elws t. Las n, 3W L 5937824,a *1 (uotng s e ,hee eve i tpl a uis' ro 201 ' t 4q i Sa l 71 F. a 1 ) va, 0 2d t 031 . Ac or ngl wihoutde i ngwhehe t a t fa e mij nde docrne t c di y, t cdi t r o dopthe r udulnt soi r ti , he c tfndsa c udest tbot t f erlandsat pemisvej nde r esa eme,a our i nd oncl ha h he ed a t e r si oi r ul r t nd, t ,ha t r i nofa e tmij nde i t scae. hus t thee s ruduln soi r n hi s 11 1. R ul 21 e Eve i acou tfndst tt pa te aepr ryj nedi ac e,ihasdic eint nf r i ha he ris r opel oi n as t sr to o s ve t c a m saga ns t pa te pu s ntt Rul 21 oft Fede a Rul s ofCi lPr e e e r he l i i t he ri s r ua o e he rl e vi oc dur . Ther l p o i e t a,s l mo ino o i o ,hec u t ya a ytme o j s tr , d ue r v d s h t So n to r n t wn t o r ma t n i , n u t ems a d r s ordr apa t ..gndlmayas s ve a cam a i tapary. Thi r epr de f rl op ry. . a lo e r ny li gans t ' s ul ovi s edea ' c t w ih t di c e i n t dr non- ve s pa te i o de t ac e c pl t d ve s t our s t he s r to o op di r e ri s n r r o hi ve om e e i r iy, Koe e v. hlr Dodwel 1 F.d 30 30 ( hCi.1 ) a l ast pa t i noti s ns l l, 52 3 4, 8 4t r 998, s ong hat ry s ndipe abe unde Rul 1 oft Fe a Rul s ofCi lPr e e, a da av v. r e 9 he der l e vi oc dur H r w Chec r Dr ve l ke s i - n Re t a s I ,483F.App' 8 855( hCi. 2)( rc im) A pa t i i s nsbl i saurnts nc. x 54, 4t r 201 pe ura . ry s ndipe i e f i nt tpe s sa e ,t cou tc nnota c d co plt r le a ong e si pa tes o t t i ha ron' bs nce he r a i c or m e e e if m xitng ri ; r ha p ro camsa i tr s rltn t tes b e t ftea to a di s stae ta ds o igo es n li n nee t eaig o h u j c o h cin n s o iu td h t ip sn f t aci i t pes sabsncema ()a aprcialmatri i ori he ton n he ron' e y: i s a tc te mpar mpedet peron' he s s a lt t pr e tt i e et or(i la a e si pat s j c t as tnta rs of biiy o otc he ntr s; i) e ve n xitng ry ub e t o ubsa il ik i ni doubl m uli e, ot ncu ng e, tpl or henv s i ons s e oblga i bec us oft i er s . Fe R. i e nc i t nt i tons a e he nt e t' d. ' Ci P.1 a( ) W hende i ngwhet rt sve cli u Rul 21 dititcou t as v. 9()1. cdi he o e r ams nder e , src rs lo c n ie Su a n a fin s,u iil c n my p eu ie u d ed ly a wel sted a o sd r k nd me tl ar e sj dca e o o , rj d c , n u ea , s l a h u l f tle ofduplct ltgai a i onsse ver c s'J m S.Clr Co.I , Tr l r lr at i ious ii ton nd nc itnt dit . ol ' a k s nc.v. ave e s l m. of11,359F.Supp. 429,441( . N. 2004) TheFe r lRulsofCi l nde Co 1. 2d M D. C. . de a e vi Pr dur a e m e ntt gi di ti tc t di c e i t s r ct e c esi a m a m ert twil oce e r a o ve sr c our s s r ton o t u ur as n l ha l pr ef r s t pa tes ti c ninc a etce a mi sr i of usie.SeeUnie omot aine s o ri ,ral onve e e, nd fiint d nitaton j tc td Mi W or r ofAm . Gi ,383U. 71 7 ( 966)(l ert ( deajRuls t ne ke s v. bbs S. 5, 24 1 t und he Fe rl e ,he i pul e i t m s s owar ent r a ni t br des pos i e s ope ofac i n c i t ntwih f i es t d e t i ng he oa t s bl c to ons s e t am s o t pa tesj nde ofcli , ri a rme esi sr ye he ri ;oi r ams pa tes nd e di s tongl ncourge '. s h,Rul 21 a d.)As uc ' e dic e i (s d bee cie s rngl 'Ne s r ton khoul xer s d pa i y. wma Gr ensI v. lo La r n,490 U. ' n- e nc. A f nzo- rai S. 8 8 ( 98 . 26, 38 1 9) l t sca e Pe rgo a g st , ve i t V igi a H e lhc r D ef nda sw e e n hi s , r i r ue hat e n f he r ni a t a e e nt r p o el j ie ,h c u t h u de ecs isds rto a ds v rtecamsa an tto e r p ry on d t e o r s o l x rie t icein n e e h li g i s h s de e nt be a et y a eno ne s a y pa tes Spe ii a l i c e t t cai s f nda s c us he r t ce s r ri . c fc ly, t ontnds hat he l m a ns t Vi g ni H e t r D e e nt w oul notn e s iy r ol t c ai s a ns t gai t he r i a alhca e f nda s d ec s arl es ve he l m gai t he Re o ng De e nt . c thowe r de lne t e r ie isdic e i i t sc e. m vi f nda s The our, ve , ci s o xe c s t s r ton n hi as As pr vi l expl i d,i i pos i e t tt di pos ton oft cl m s a i tt Re ovi e ousy a ne t s s bl ha he s ii he ai ga ns he m ng De e nt wila f tt Vigi a He t r Def nda s la lt a vieve s I t co t f nda s l fec he r ni alhca e e nt ' i biiy, nd c r a. f he ur we et sv rt ecamsi ti c s , j r i tesaec u t cinma fn ta t eVigni r o e e h li n h s a e a u y n h tt o r a to y i d h t h r i a He lhc r Def nda swe enotne i e i teai Ka e be us t Re at a e e nt r glg nt n r tng yl e ca e he movi De e nt ng f nda s f l t w a n t m oft r s ofde opi SJ TEN afe t ki a t m i aied o r he he ik vel ng S/ t r a ng ce a nophe The i a n. n, n s e tpr tla lt a toni fde a c taj yma tndt tt Removi ubsquen oduc ibiiy ci n e r l our, ur y i ha he ng D e e nt pr r y w a ne oft con c i n be w e n SJ TEN a a et m i f nda s ope l r d he ne to t e S/ nd c a nophe us ge. n a Thus i i cla t ts verng t ca msi t sc ewili r s t rs ofi ons se ve dit . , t s e r ha e i he li n hi as l nc ea e he ik nc it nt r c s Se Re e v.Medr c ,nc.No.1 301 201 W L 46 e utr tonis I , 0- 9, 0 28439, * ( N. Nov.5,201 at 5 D. J. 0) (: t e en e hg ee ntti t s f la lt ..glve i t cai wo drs ti $To he xt t ac djfnda res o hitibiiy, . se rng he l ms ul eul n t duplc ton ofe d e, nc e e t c tofltga i a c r i wih i t po e i lf he ia i vi enc i r as he os ii ton, nd a res t t he t nta or i onsse vedit.) Ag n,bot s t ofdee nt i t sc ewillkeyus t t mpy nc itnt r cs'. ai h es ' fnda s n hi as l i l e he t t e c i' de e e i t r i s pa a e f r la s a e ltga i w hi h w ei a i tt c t ha r' f ns f he e s e r t ede a nd t t ii ton, c ghs ga ns he our exer sng is Rul 2 1di cr i A lhough t cour r ci i t e s eton. t he t ecogni t t e ar cert n f ual zes hat her e ai act alegatons and l l i egals andar t ar di i bet een t Rem ovi D ef t ds hat e stnct w he ng endant and t s he V igi a H e lhc r Def nda s t ove a c ng a l ga i n i t sc e i a gl r ni a t a e e nt , he r r hi le t o n hi as s obalf iur t w a n al e o r 18 oft c he onneci n bewe n ac t nophe a SJ TEN,whih uli aey ld t Ka e s to t e eami n nd S/ c tm t l e o yl e' ij i . rf e,nlnewiht prnci et tc t s dexecs Rul 2ldicei n ures Theeor i i t he i pl ha ours houl rie e srton s rng y,t c tfndst tt consde ai nsoff ines t pa tes tilc nve enc ,a pa i l he our i ha he i r to ar s o ri , ra o ni e nd efce a miitaino j sieal ihi fv r i d ciigt s v rtecamsa ans fiint d n srto f u tc lweg n a o of t e l n o e e h li g i t n bot s t ofdef nda s4 h es e nt . Ac o dngy tec u t o cu e ta id e n t a ej rs ito o e ti c s b c u e c r i l,h o r c n ld s h t t o s 0 h v u idcin v r h s a e e a s oft l ck ofc pl t di r iy a t ,w ilr a t c s t sa e cour . he a om e e ve s t nd, hus l em nd he a e o t t t I . V A tornevs'Fees and C os s t t Fi ly, vi decde t r ma t c e,he c tmus d t r i whe he t a r na l ha ng i d o e nd he as t our t e e m ne t r o wa d a t ne 'f e a cos st pl i if .The c t w he r m a ng a c e C a r qui epa e tor ys e s nd t o a ntf s our , n e ndi as , i y e r ym nt m o j s c t a da ya t l x e s s icu igatr e fe ,n u rda ar s l o te f u t oss n n cua e p n e ,n ldn to n y e s ic re s e ut f h rmova.' U. C.j 1 Q.Howe r tgj en unus cr umsa s c t ma a r e l'28 S. 447( ve,iabs t ual ic tnce , ours y wa d at me sfe u d rj1 4 ( ) nywh r t ermo n pat lc e a o jcieyra o a l to y' e s n e 4 7 c o l ee h e vig ry a k d n be tv l e s n b e ba i f s ki r ss or ee ng emova. M atnv. a i Ca t Cor ,5 U. 1 1 ( ) I t i l' ri Frnkln pial p. 46 S. 32, 41 2005 .n her ' motont r m a pli if a g t tt c ts d a r t m at ne f esa coss i o e nd, a ntfs r ue ha he our houl wa d he tor ys' e nd t be a e t Re ovi D e e nt a t i ba f ih by r m ovi t s c s G i n t l k of c us he m ng f nda s c ed n d a t e ng hi a e. ve he ac 4 Thec tas notsa addii polc c r t ti notpr s nti t sc e. Thedititco ti our lo e n tonal iy oncen ha s e e n hi as src ur n Suli v.Cal r M emoralH o nia f nd t tatcii lpolc r as ' f e r ii isdic ein t s ve t lvan ve t i s tl ou ha trtca iy e on' or xe csng t s r to o e r he t defnda gr underRul 21wa t ts r nc woul al t pl ntf ' cli agans t manufcmr r wo e nt oups e s ha eve a e d low he ai ifs am i t he a e d fn n t b ta serdt amut- ititIiain(MDL' p n lNo. 5 1 8 , 0l W L4 14 7 a * ( ee da to e rn fre o lidsrc ig to < t % ' a e. 1 - l 8 2 5 ) 6 4 6 , t 5 D. Md. u . 0 2 5 . sMDL f co , eh rmv t n de pl iy o n t wa p e e ti s v r l t e c s si J l 3 , 01 ) Thi a t r wh t e n i e x i t r o , s r s n n e e a oh r a e n o cl whi t diti cou ts ver t camsa ns manufct i deenda sa heat a ede e nt,i l ng ch he srct r e ed he li gai t a urng f nt nd lhc r f nda s ncudi ca e ctd byPergo i su tofism oto t s er Se ec.M ayfel v.Londo W o en' Ca e PLLC, o. s s ie ri n ppor t in o ev . e, . , id n m s r. N 1 - 9 2 5W L3 4 4 2,t* ( D. Ma 2 , 01 )Kel v Aul nP v iinCt.No 51 CV0 9 , 01 5 1 , 01 4 0 9 a 5 E. Ky. y 8 2 5 . l . t , y ma h sca r, . :3 9 4 2 3 W L 235858 at* ( D.Ohi Ma 29,201 ; 3, 2 N. o y 3) CookeBaes-.Bave Cor ,No.3:0- 26l 201 W L 398 30, - t v r p. 1 CV- , 0 48 a * ( D. . 01) J e hv Ba trltln .61 F. u p 2 8 8 8 3( D. i 2 0 ) S to v Da o. t 4 E. Va 2 0 ; osn . xe n' lc, 4 S p . d 6 , 7 N. Oho 0 9 ; utn . v l l c, 1F. D. 0 5 ( D. l2 0 ) l r Gud n Co p l lna l Deirl tr Prd. a Lig, 0 n .25 R. 5 0, 05 E. Ca. 0 8 )n e ia t r .mpa tbe f il o s o Lib. t .No. b a i 1 87 2 0 WL25 2 48 a * ( Min Au . 0 2 0 ) Gre ev Wv t 3 4F. u p 2 6 4, 7 ( Ne . 4 ,07 7 0 , t 2 D. n . g 3 , 0 7, e n . eh, 4 S p . d 7 6 6 D. v . 2 0 ) l r Re ui Pr d . a Li gs M DL 1 4 , 0Ci 2 4 , 0 3 W L 21 6 2 ( . N. J n. , 0 3 . 0 4 ; n e z ln o s Lib. t .No. i 3 8 0 v. 8 3 2 0 27 4 5 SD. Y. u 2 2 0 ) Thsc n ieaini sg fc n, so ditit o r fu ,nod rGop eev t itrsso j dca e p de c i o sd rto s iniia ta ne src c ut o nd i r e < r sr e he neet f u iil x e in y t a j sies ta al r-ra dso eyo tepo u t l bit cs c nbec odn tdi asn l frm. S t n nd utc o h t lpetil ic v r n h rd cs i ly a e a o riae n ije ou ' ut , a i ' o 25lF. D . t505.Tot e e t Perg atm pt t m i m iet sf t ,t c ti c tal t diagr . R. a he xtnt hat rio te s o ni z hi acor he our s onsr ned o s ee 19 c n itn ya n d src c u t r g r igtefa d e t son e d crnea dwh t e t o sse c mo g itit o rs e adn h r u uln mij id r o ti n eh r o s verc ai sunde Rul 21 t cou tc l st tt Re ovi D e e nt ha a e lm r e , he r onc ude ha he m ng f nda s d n o j ciey ra o a l b ssf r e v lAc o dn l,h c u t e l e t a r at me s b e tv l e s n b e a i o r mo a. c r igy te o r d ci s o wad to y ' n f sand c t t pl i if . ee os s o a ntf s Conc us on l i Fort f e ng r as ,t co twilg a pli tf s motont r m a a de he or goi e ons he ur l r nt a n if ' i o e nd nd ny Pe r g sm o i t s vert cl i sbr r i o' ton o e he a m oughtby pl i i f ag ns t R e ovi D ef nt a a ntf s ai t he m ng enda s nd t V igi a Hea t a e Def nt .The Cl k i die t d t s nd ce tf e c e oft s he r ni lhc r enda s er s r c e o e rii d opi s hi me a mor ndum opi on a t a ompa ng o de t alc ni nd he cc nyi r r o 1 ouns lofr c d. e e or ENTER: s /gM da ofNove r 2015. Thi y mbe , Chi U nie St t D i ti tJ ef t d a es sr c udge 20
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