Molly Sobel v. Institute for Shipboard Education et al, No. 3:2015cv00040 - Document 56 (W.D. Va. 2016)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 3/2/16. (hnw)
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I THE UNk S N TED TATESDI CT COURT STRJ FOR THE W ESTERN D I I O F V I I A STR CT RG NI CHA RLOTTESV I LLE D I I ON V SI CLERK' OFFC S I Et J A R FI ..c. DI . COURT T > LE s ,VA o ST D MA2 92 2 1 26 J A UL BY; D M O LLY SOBEL, Y L K CLERK , Ci lA c i N o.3: 5CV 00040 vi ton 1 Pl ntf , ai if M EM O R AN D UM O PI I N N O I STI N TUTE FOR SH I PBOA O EDUCATI d b/ SEM ESTER AT SEA , ON / a e a. t 1, Ho Gl n E. lad n. e Corr Chi U nie St t s D it i tJ ef t d a e s r c udge D e e nt . f nda s M ol So e fldt i a to f rd ma e aii fo ij ze s es san da ar s to l b l e hs cin o n g s rsng r m n u is h u ti e s eul f y bei s xua l as a t d whie sudyi a oa t oug a pr n o f r d by t I tt t f ng e ly s ule l t ng br d hr h ogr m f e e he ns iue or S ib ad Ed c to (l E' . Th c s i p e e ty b fr t e c ur o I E' moin f r hp o r u ain $ S ' ( ) e a e s r s nl e o e h o t n S S to o h e o h t ol h i l nid t eu c s mmayj dg n . Fort eras nsta f low,temotonwilbede e wihoutprj dieas u r u me t pr at e. em ur Backzround 1 i anonpr i c p o ai n ba ed i Delwa e, c ha isprncpa pl eofbusne s SE s oft o r to s n a r whih s t i i l ac i s i Cha l t s le Vigi a 1 ad i se st Se se a Se s n rote vil , r ni . SE m nit r he me tr t a mdy a oa pr a ,whih br d ogr m c ofe ssude st opport t t tke c lge c s sa r apa s ng c uies p t tta s f r t nt he t y o a ole our e boa d mi s e er r s hi ha r vel i e a i naly. nt m to l Molly Sobel v. Institute for Shipboard Education et al Doc. 56 Sobe , a Ca i or a r i nt pa tc pa ed i t Se e t r a Se Sprng 201 V oya l lf ni es de , r i i t n he m s e t a i 3 ge, w hi h de r e f o Sa D i o,Ca i o ni o J nua y 9, 201 O n M a c 6,201 t s p c pa t d r m n eg lf r a n a r 3. rh 3, he hi doc d i Coc n,I a. P irt d c i , b lpzc s datc e f rafedti t Ag aa ke n hi ndi ro o o kng So e l hae ik t o il rp o r n4 r V a a s , w hi h w a or ni d a pr vi d by A be c o bi & K e U SA , LLC a r na i c s ga ze nd o de rr m e nt nd Abeco i & Ke t si ai nM a a e n (o lciey ( b r r mb e& Ke t) OnM ac rr mb e n De tn to n g me t c le tv l ,W e co i n '. ' rh Dockets.Justia.com 9 a 1 201 whieon t fel ti So lwa s xua l as a t d by he Abe c o bi & Ke nd 0, 3, l he i d rp, be s e ly s ule r rr m e nt t urgui ,Shaies Trpahi o de l h i t . On M a c 6,201 Sobe fld t i t ntaci n a ns I Abe c ombi & Ke ,a rh 5, l ie he nsa to gai t SE, r r e nt nd Trpahii t Unie St t sDititCour f rt Norhe nDititofCaior a, s ri cli i t n he t d a e src t o he t r src lf ni as e t ng a ms of ne i e e; neg i nt hii glg nc lge rng, s r i i a r t nto , s l ba tr i e i na upe v son, nd e e i n' exua te y; nt nto l m ir pr s ntton'neglge m ir pr s ntton'i e i li lc i ofe oto ldites ;a se e e ai , i nt s e e e a i , nt ntona nfiton m i na sr s nd ne i e i lci n ofe i ldite s The a ton w a ta f n'd t t sc rton Augus 4, glg nt nfito motona sr s . ci s r nse e o hi ou t 2015. On Au u t 1 ,2 5 S mo e f r s mma y j g n . Rey n o a l tto g s 7 01 ,I E v d o u r ud me t li g n i ains mi pr vii i atcke c r tis d by I whi h saest tpa s nge smus brng a pe s l o son n i t ontac s ue SE, c t t ha s e r t i ny r ona ij r cam wihn o ey a o t ed t o ij r , S ag e ta S b lsa to i t - ar d nu y li t i n e r f h ae f n u y 1 E r u s h t o e' ci n s i b re . me The c thed ahea i on I Sm o i o De e be 21,201 The moton ha be n bre e our l rng SE' ton n c m r 5. i s e if d a i rpef rr viw. nd s i o e e D i si scus on Top e i o tei tn moi nf rs mmayj d me t I E mu tfrte tbih ta t e rval n h nsa t to o u r u g n , S s is sa ls h t h o - a lm ia i clus i t tc tc r ti e o c a e whi h,i t n,r uie a s ne ye r i tton a e n he i ke ontac s nf r e bl, c n ur eq r s howi ng t tt c r c pr son wast e onabl communi a e 'o Sobel Eulndv. / Dol n1 ha he onta t ovii t as r y c t d't . a M V phi V, 6 5F. p 9 2 9 5( S. 1 8 ) s eas Olma v HolndAm. ne l c, 3 F.d 1 71 8 Su p. 4 , 4 D. C. 9 8 ; e lo t n . la Li - n .5 8 3 2 , 1 7 (t Ci.20 8 ;W ad v Cm s S u d Fer ,27 F.d 5 0 5 3 ( d Ci.20 ) l 2 6 9h r 0 ) r . s o n ry 3 3 2 , 2 2 r 01. n dee m i ng whehe a c r c pr so wa r a ona y c tr ni t r onta t ovii n s e s bl omm uniat t a pa s nge ,c t c ed o s e r ours lo t E 1 wh t e t ep ysc l h r ce tc o t tc e is l ra o byc mmu c tdt t o k o 1 ) eh r h h ia c a a tdsis fhe ik t tef e s na l o niae o he ( pa s ng rt e se et r n ofi ra t r sa co tonst ta f c e t pa s rs s e e he xit nc he ei mpo tnt e m nd ndii ha fe t d he s enge ' lg l rg t, a () whehe t e cru tn e s romdn t e p se g rs p c a e a d e a ihs nd 2 t r h ic msa c s u rl ig h a s n e ' urh s n s eq nt r tnton of t tc tc r c pe mitd t pas e r t be om e mea ng u l ubs ue ee i he i ke/ onta t r te he s nge o c ni f ly i or e oft co r c ua t r sa sa ' W a d, F. at523. Suc cic sa esi ude nf m d he nta t l em t t ke. ' r 273 3d h r um t nc ncl l he pa s nge ' f miirt wih t tc t t tme a i ntve undert cr tmsa s t ç t s e r s a la iy t he i ke , he i nd nce i he ic t t nce o s udy t pr s onsoft t c t a an ot r notc t tt pas e r r ce ve out i oft t he ovi i he i ke , nd y he i e ha he s nge e i d sde he tc e. Ol n 5 F.da 1 6(nen l iai na dq oainmak o te ) ik t' t , 38 3 t 27 itr a ctto n u tto r s mitd . ' ma Thequesi ofwhe he almia i ca ei e o ce bl i apa tc a ca ei aque ton ton t r i t ton lus s nf r a e n ri ulr s s si o 1w frtec u tod cd a d tu , p r p it f r o sd rto o s mma yj g n . Se f a o h o r t e ie n ,h s a p o rae o c n ieain n u r ud me t e Eu a d 6 5 F.S p a 9 5 Asag nea r l,h we r û u r j g n s ul o l b ln , 8 u p. t 4 . e rl u e o ve, t mmay ud me t ho d ny e s gr nt d çfe a qua etmef dic r '' M c a v. d. p' ofTr ns , F. 48 483 a e a tr de t i or s ove y.' cr y M De t a p.741 3d 0, ( t Ci.20 4 ( u tn Ceo e Co v.Cart,4 7 U. 31 ,3 2 ( 9 6 C u r 4h r 1 ) q oi g ltx p. tet 7 S. 7 2 1 8 :. t mmay s j g n b f r d s o r f r e ten n mo i pa t it afn i gmac wi o tas r o ud me t e o e ic vey o c s h o - vng ry n o e cn th t u wo d r h mak. J. s' . ' I W h n apat b le st t ic v r i n c sayt c mb tas mma yj g n moin, e ry eive ha d s o e y s e e s r o o a u r ud me t to t G rpe c u s ' i t fl a afd vi p rua tt F d rlRul o Ci lPr c d e 5 () he t o r o re' s o ie n f a t u s n o e ea e f vi o e m 6 d , p e a ni w hy s c nnot pr l op e a m oto w iho a c nc t c uc di c r xpl i ng he a opery pos i n t ut ha e o ond t s ove y. Ha sLt . . it n e t manNa s 3 2F.d21 2 4( t Ci. 0 ) i vetee s nod d v Sx yl tme Do i me , 0 3 4, 4 4h r 20 2 . d rh ls , Ne i s mec s sc u t h veh l ta s mmayj d me twa p e tr e e wh n te o po i n o a e o rs a ed h t u r u g n s rmau e v n e h p sng p ryfie t fl gu h afd vt' J. a t ald o e s c j fi a i. JZ ' I ti c s , I E mo e f r s mmay j dg n b f r te pa t s e a e i a y n hs ae S v d o u r u me t eo e h ri ng g d n n e dic r Alhough Sobe di notfl a afda tpurua t Rul 56( ,s di fl abre sovey. t l d ie n fi vi s nt o e d) he d ie if oppos ng I Sm o i on t ba i t ts ha nothad t o r lniy t c i SE' ton he s s ha he d he ppo tl t o onduc di c r t s ove y r l va t t is r iedbyI e e nt o he s ue a s SE. l he bre i o n r if n pposton, be e ii So l mphasz st ts nol r i e ha he onge ha a e st t Se e tra Se o i s t m ,and i t bl t co im whehers obt ne s cc s o he m se t a nlne yse s ma e o nfr t he ai d pos e son oft e ietc tc r ta aloft m ae il r f r edt r i t ts c r nty s si he ntr i ke ontac nd 1 he tra s e e enc he en;ha he ure l l c ac es t t s pa a epur ha econ r c t twa is d f t fel ti on whi h s wa a ks c s o he e r t c s ta t ha s s ue or he i d rp c he s a s ule , a t t s i C hewie wiho ne s a y doc e ai n t s w t t no s a t d' nd ha he s s r s ot t ut ce s r um ntto o ho ha go ta t a)tmelmiai na ple t h rij iso c n ngo s o e' Do k t 4 , . Br c n rcu l i i tto p id o e nure c u i n h r . c e No. 9 P1 s . ' ' i Opp' 9. n n H a ng c r f l c i er d t pa tes a glm e s t c t soft opi on t tSobe ' vi a e uly ons d e he r i ' r l nt , he our i he ni ha ls b ifi s f in t sl e a t e t t to le uv ln ' o a Ru e 5 ( ) afd v t al t t re s u fce t o e' s h 'mcina q iae t f v f ' l 6 d fia i, td ha st r j d me ti p e t r a ti tme Har ds 3 2F.da 2 ; e as Sutn v 1.t tmmay u g n s r mau e t h s i . ro , 0 3 t 45 s e lo to .1 h, 0 3 F.Ap x 5 ,5 ( t Ci. 01 )( odn t a a me r n tn i o po iin t sl r 61 p' 43 49 4h r 2 0 h lig h t mo a du n p sto o l mma. y j g n ef ci l s r e a a g e 5 ( ) a fd vt. Th c u twilp r tte p rist ud me t fe t y ev d s Rul 6 d j fi a i) e o r l emi h a t o ve e e ge i e nga n xpedt dic r lmie t t is oft e or a lt oft tc tco r c ' ied s ove y i t d o he s ue he nf ce biiy he ike nta ts one- a lm ia i pr vi i ye r i t ton o s on. Se e. ,H ova v.Roya Ca i a Cr s Lt ,N o. 1 1358, e. g. l r bbe n ui es d. 2- 20 3U. DitLEXI 81 71 a * ( D. Y. r 3 , 01 )(emit l tdd s o eywh r 1 S. s. S 4 , t 9 E. N. Ap . 0 2 3 p r ti i e ic v r ee ng mi t r c d wa unde de l pe o t is ofwhehe apa s ng rwasmea ng u l i or he e or s r ve o d n he s ue t r se e ni f ly nf med of t tr o atc tc nr c ta icu e ao - e rl tto p ro frpes na ij r cams. he e ms f ike o ta th t n l d d ney a i ai n e id o ro ln u y li ) mi Up ntec mpeino s c d so e y l E ma rne ismoi nf rsu r u g n . o h o lto f u h ic v r , S y e w t to o tnma yj d me t* *Du igt eh aigo tes mmayj g n moin t c u t as da is rg r ngt sop o rn h e rn n h u r ud me t to ,he o r rie n sue e adi he c e f t c r t lpr son r id upon by I he ontacua ovii ele SE. Thecour quesi t tonedwhet t pr soncoul bes dt appl her he ovii d ai o y t a1 ofSobelscl m s i udi t ebas on act,r pr se atons,orom isi t oc ed bef eSobel o 1 ' ai , ncl ng hos ed s e e nt i s ons hat cun' or de re on t c uie. Neihe si addr s d t spa tc a is i t rr pec i bre s l t eventt t pa td he r s t r de e se hi riulr s ue n hei es tve if . n he ha 1 E rn wsismo inf rs S e e t to o ummayj d n f lo ngt c n uc o l tdds o ey,hep risae r u gme t olwi he o d t f i e ic v r t a t r mi e r equese t breft sis t d o i hi s ue. 4 C oncl on usi Fo te r a o sae ,I E' moin f r s mmay j d me t wilbe d ne wi u r h e s ns ttd S S to o u r u g n l e id t t ho p eu ie Th pa t swi b gv nnn t d y i whc t c n u t ic veyl tdt t eis rj d c . e ri l e ie iey a s n ih o o d c d s o r i e o h sue e l mi of t e o c a lt of t one ye r lm ia i pr so c t ne i t tc tc r c . I he nf r e biiy he - a i tton ovii n on ai d n he ike onta t f a tona tm e ora s s a e i r quie t pa te m a pe ii t c tf a opr a enzi s. ddii l i s i t nc s e r d, he ri s y ttön he our or ppr i t lng The Clr i die t d t s nd c esoft sme or ndum opi o a t ac ompa ng e k s r c e o e opi hi m a ni n nd he c nyi or rt alco e ofr co d. de o l uns l e r DA TED : s Thi da ofM a c 201 y r h, 6. Chi Unie St t sDititJ ef t d a e src udge 5
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