Crossroads Equity Partners, LLC v. Dogmatic Products, Inc. et al, No. 3:2011cv00069 - Document 66 (W.D. Va. 2014)

Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 2/19/14. (hnw)

Download PDF
CL ERK:OFFI U,S, ST, URT CE DI X AT ROANOKEI VA I TH E UN I N TED STA TES D I STRI COU RT CT FO R TH E W ESTERN D I I OF V I GI I STR CT R N A CHA RLO TTESV I LLE D I I ON V SI C O S O D E UT P RNE SLC R SR A S Q IY A I R ,L , i!D; F9' /9 2 2 E BJ W , L UL q R , k 4 , . , L y Vigi a Li ied Libiiy Co pa r ni m t a lt m ny, Pl i if a ntf , Ci lA c i N o.3: 1 0 9 vi ton 1 CV 006 M EM O R AN D UM O PI O N NI DOGM ATI PRODUCTS,I , tg, C NC.q 1, By: on. l n E.Con a H Ge rd Chi fUnie St t D it i tJ e e t d a es s rc udg Def nda s e nt . Thsc s i p e e t b f r tec u t nted f n a t' to f rrle fo j d me t i a e s r s nl e o e h o r o h ee d n s mo in o eif r m u g n y unde Rul 60( oft Fe r Rul ofCi lPr dtr Fort ras s tf t beow,he r e b) he deal es vi oce ze. he e ons e orh l t m oton w ilbe de e i l ni d. B ackzround Cr soa EquiyPa t r,LLC (s osr ' i aprvaee t i t ntfnn ba e osr ds t rnes tcr soads' s i t quiy nvesme i s d ) i Cha l tes le, i gi a. Cr soa i owned a ma n r o t vil V r ni os r ds s nd nage by iss em e r Cha l d t ol mbe s res Luns or f d. Dogmai Pr t,nc.'Dogmai ' i aM a s c et c ainbas i Ne Yor tc oducs l (ç tc' s s a hus ts omorto ed n w k. ) D ogm a i i e ged i t bus ne sofwhol s l pe s pple . D og a i spr i en a c e tc s nga n he i s e ae t u is m tc' es d t nd hi f e c i ofi e i Re xe utve t c r s ynol E.M oulon,1 1 M r M oulon a hi w ie, a a W oodw a d ds t 1. . t nd s f M ur r M oulon,r s de i N ew Yor t ei n k. On De mber1 201 Cr soadsl ne Dogm ai $15 000. Thel n i evi nce ce 3, 0, os r oa d tc 0, 00. oa s de d by a pr i s y not ,a s c e by a unc tona gua a y pr ded by M r a M r . om s or e nd e ur d n ondii l r nt ovi . nd s M oulon, s ntt whiht yj itya svealyguaane dt f l yme oft not and t purua o c he onl nd e r l r te he ulpa nt he e t tm e y per o m a ofa loft bor ow e ' o i tonst r unde . The not r qui e he i l f r nce 1 he r r s blga i he e r e e rd D ogm a i t m a q re l i e e tpa e sbeg l i o M a c 31 2011, nd con i ng untl t c o ke ua t r y nt r s ym nt im ng n r h , a tnui i t not sm a u iy on J 30,201 a w hi h tm e a 1prnc pal a c ue i e es , a e f e ,a he e' t r t une 2, t c i 1 i i , c r d nt r t l t e s nd pas duec ge woul beduea pa bl t har s d nd ya e. On O c ober21 2011 a tr Dog a i f ie t m a qua t l i e es paym e sas t , , fe m tc a l d o ke rery nt r t nt r r d unde t not ,Cr soa fl d s tag ns Dog ai a M r a M r . oulon f equie r he e os r ds ie ui ai t m tc nd . nd s M t or br c oft no e a gua a y. On N ovem be 17, 1 M r M oulon fl a pr K a we a ea h he t nd r nt r 201 , . t ied o ns r nd . cou e cl i on be fofa lt e de e nt . Be a e M r M oulon i nota lc ns d a t ne nt r a m hal l hr e f nda s c us . t s i e e tor y, Cr s oa m o d t s rke t a w e a c e c a m , o t e e tt y w e e f l d on beha fof os r ds ve o t i he ns r nd ount r l i t he xt n he r ie l D ogm a i a M r .M oulon. By or ren e e D e e be 1 2011 t c r g a ed t m oton tc nd s t de t r d c m r 6, , he ou t r nt he i t srke, nd a vie t de e nt t tDogma i sr s nsvepl di woul havet be tld o ti a d s d he f nda s ha tc' e po i ea ng d o ie byc e. Se Prthar v. ouns l e ic d Lubma 20F. x 1 3,1 34( hCi. )(xpli ngt tta n, App' 3 33- 4t r 2001 e ani ha $ c oai mus berpr e tdbya at om rton t e es ne n tonwyi fdea c fl. n e rl oul The de e an s s e f nd t ubs quen l r t i c ty e a ned ouns t r pr e t m i co c i w ih t el o e es nt he n nne ton t he cl i sbr htby Cr s oa . O n J nua y 31 201 c am oug os r ds a r , 2, ouns fl d a a w e t t co pl n on el ie n ns r o he m ai t be l D ogm a i a M r . oulon. Tha s m e da c ha f tc nd s M t ta y, ouns lm ove f l ave t f l a a e d e d or e o ie n m nde a w e on be fofM r M o t ns r hal . ulon. Themoton i cae t tM r M oulon wihe t r m ovehi i ndi t d ha . t s do e s c ount r l i a ha hi a w e c o m t t a w e f l d on be l ofhi c de e nt . e c a m nd ve s ns r onf r o he ns r ie ha f s o- f nda s The c tgr nt d t m oton,a M r M oulon fl d hi a e our a e he i nd . t ie s m nded a w e on Fe ua y 1 201 ns r br r 0, 2. H e s e nty obt i d l a t fl a s co a e d a we , nd t s c a e ed a w e ubs que l a ne e ve o ie e nd m nde ns r a he e ond m nd ns r w ast ed on Febr il uary 29,2012. l t i a w e s t de e nt adm it d t D og a i ha notm a a qua t ry n he r ns r , he f nda s te hat m tc d de ny r e l i e e tpa ent asr qui e by t not t tCr s oa ha de a d pa ne ofa lsl s nt r s ym s e r d he e; ha os r ds d m nde p nt l tm u rt no ea t tDog ai hadnotpad s hs ; ndt tas t nta s wasdueunde nde he t nd ha m tc i uc ums a ha ubsa il um r t not a g r nt he e nd ua a y. Re yi o t def nda s a i s o a a d l r t o fom Cha l Luns or l ng n he e nt ' dm s i ns nd ec a a i n r res f d, Cr sr a mo e frs mmayj d me to M ac 1 , 01 W hl tes mmayj g n o so ds v d o u r u g n n rh 4 2 2. ie h u r ud me t m oton waspe ng,t pa tese e ed i o s tl m en di c s ons and Cr s oa ag ee t i ndi he ri nt r nt e te t s us i , os r ds r d o ext t de i f r t def nda s'brefi op ii t A prl 1 201 By or rent r end he adlne o he e nt i n poston o i 2, 2. de e ed A pr l2,201 t cour gr nt d t r que t d e e i i 2, he t a e he e s e xt ns on. Thepa te 's tl m e ne i tonsuli a e y f ied. O n A pr l 201 ha ng r c ve ri s e te nt gota i tm t l a l i 26, 2, vi e ei d nobre i opposton fom t de e a sa no f t rr que t f a e enson,Cr s oa if n ii r he f nd nt nd urhe e ss or n xt i os r ds fldar q e t o e tyo s ie e u s f r nr f ummayj d me ti isfv r Th c u t n ee afn lod r r u g n n t a o . e o r e trd i a r e g a tn Cr sr a s mo inf rs mmayj d me to M a 8 2 2. r nig o so d ' to o u r u g n n y , 01 Exa ty oneye rl tr t de e nt , fe r ti ng ne c cl a ae ,he f nda s a tr ea ni w ouns l fld t i t ntmoton e , ie he nsa i f r i fo t fna or rpu s ntt Rul 60( oft Fedea Rul ofCi lPr e e. I or elef r m he i l de, rua o e b) he rl es vi oc dur n t moton,t de e nt cai t tc he i he f nda s l m ha ouns lf iedt a s t m t tt y c d ors d e al o dvie he ha he oul houl o p s temo inf rsl r u g n ;h t o n e u i tr l d cd dno t o p ete p o e h to o l mma yj d me t ta c u s l nl eal e ie to p os h a y moi f s ton or umma yj r udgme ; ndt tc e er i fii t a s r afimai dee e a nt a ha ouns l red n alng o s e t tr tve fns s nd c ount r l i s e c am . Thec thedaheai ont Rul 60( moto o Nove our l rng he e b) in n mber4,201 Byor r 3. de e e e No mbe 6,201 t co tga t de e nt t n da t s i a fda t orot r nt r d ve r 3, he ur ve he f nda s e ys o ubm t fi vis he e de e t s vi nc o uppor t i m oton. The de e nt f l d a s om de a a i f om M r M oulon o t he r i f nda s ie w cl r ton r . t n N ove be 11, 3. Cr s oa s bs quen l r ques e a obt ne l a t de e M r a m r 201 os r ds u e ty e t d nd ai d e ve o pos . nd Mr. o t s M ulon. Folow i t c l ng he onduc ofM r M o t s de ii n,Cr s oa fl d a r pons t . ulon' pos to os r ds ie es e t hi dec a ato o D ec m be 1 , 201 l TheRue60( motonha be n f l brefda i o s lr i n n e r 2 3. l b) i s e uly i e nd s rpe f rr vi w . i o e e D i euss on s i 1 . Dee f ndant M ot o f R e i ff m Judam e s' i n or le ro nt Rul 60( oft Fe r Rul ofCi lPr e epe t pa te t se r le fom a e b) he deal es vi oc dur nnis ris o e k eif r fn l u g n , r e, rp o e dn Th r me yp o ie byRul 6 ( )i S x ro dnay' ia j d me t o d r o r c e ig. e e d r vd d e 0 b s t ta r i r . e ' Comptnv. tnStnms pCo.608F. 96,1 (t Ci.1 ) I or rt obt nr le unde o Alo e hi , 2d 02 4h r 979 . n de o ai eif r t sr e themovi pa ti qmus de taea las oneoft sx goundsf rle lse i hi ul,ç t ng rges t monsrt t e t he i r or eif itd n ' ns Rul 60( .2 Robi on v W i Fitai Co . e b)' x lrton p LLC,5 F. 403, 2( h Ci.201 . I t s 99 3d 41 4t r 0) n hi . c s ,t de e ant c e t tt y a e e il t r le f o t fna or rgr ntng s m m a y a e he f nd s ont nd ha he r ntted o e i f r m he i l de a i u r j d me tu d rRu e6 ( )1 a dRue6 ()6 . u g n n e l 0 b ( ) n l 0b ( ) A. Rul 60( ( ) e b) 1 Rue6 ( )1 a t o ie r l f r m afn lu g n o o d ro t ba i o i sa e l 0 b () u h rz s ei fo ia j d me t r r e n he ss f ' tk , e mi i dvere ,s prs ,ore a ene e t' l s e ngr lefu rt ss e ton,t na tnce ur ie xcus bl gl c . n e ki ei nde hi ubs c i he ' d e nt a gue t tt y m i t ke y bele t tt rf ef nda s r ha he sa nl i ved ha hei onualc ouns lçw o d pr t tt r e û ul o ec hei i tr ss a dta h wo l n talw a$ 92 7 1 s mmayj d me t b e trda an t ne et, n h t e ud o lo 2l ,9 . 1 u r u g nt o e n ee g is (he uno e ' ( ke No.5 a 4. Thedee nt c e t tt i f me c e t mq ppos d. Doc t ' 0t ) fnda s ontnd ha her or r ounsl 1Ther d a ecor ppear t i ca et tt pl ntf eect nott de eM r M oulon,who was s o ndi t ha he ai if l ed o pos s. t un valbeo ted t o h rh b nd' d po ii I ta ,tep rise trdit aj itsiulto a ia l n h ae f e usa s e ston. nse d h ate nee no on tp ain pur ua t whi M r M oulon agr d t s wasbound by M r M oulon' de ton t tm ony,aswel s nt o ch s. t ee hat he . t s posii es i l ast def he endant prorr pons t t pl ntf sr s' i es es o he ai if equessf adm i i . Acc di y,t pr ousy t or ssons or ngl he evi l fl m oton f e enson oftmet conduc M r M oulon' deposton wilbe de ed asmoot ied i or xt i i o t s. t s ii l ni . 2 I addii , t m ovi pa i mus make at es d s n ton he ng rtes t hr hol howi t t rm oton wastmel t t ng hat hei i i y; ha t yha ame io i sd fns o cam;ha n un arprj iet t o osngpa t wo dr s l; ndt a he d rt rou ee e r li t t o f i eudc o he pp i ry ul e uta h t e e to lcru tnc swa rntr l ffo t ud me t Do l Stt Fam Fie& Ca u lyAu o. xc p ina ic msa e ra ei r m hej g n . welv. ae r r e s at t ' l . , 93F. 46 48( t Ci.1 9 . Th c ur n e no a dr swheh rt emov n ss tsidt s ns Co.9 2d , 4h r 9 3) e o t e d t d es te h a t aife he e t es d r r hr hol equiement,however i t cour fndst tt m ova shavenots fcinty sa ifed one of s , f he t i ha he nt uf i e l ts i t Rue6 b)gr u f r le . l ;s eas Ro n onv. i Fi rtonCo p. he l 0( o nds or eif d. e lo bis W x lai t r LLC,5 F. 4 ,4l 99 3d 03 2 n.2 ( t Ci. 0 . 1 4h r 201 ) a e a i tt i bes i er s sby el c i nott a s r any a tnna i de e esor ct d ga ns he r t nt e t e tng o se t fi tve f ns c ount r l i s a by C l t r ly' de i ng nott oppos t pl i if sm oto f sl m a y e c a m , nd ç a e a l ' c di uni o e he a ntf ' i n or tm l j d me t (d. t ) u g n . 1 a 2. H a ng r vi w e M r M oulon' de l r ton a t ta c i ofhi s eque vi e e d . t s c a a i nd he r ns rpt s ubs nt de ii t co tc l t tt f c sa cr um sa e oft sc s donot o deg ounds poston, he ur oncudes ha he a t nd ic t nc s hi a e pr vi r frrle unde Rul 60( ( ) Ac r ngt t de lrton,hedee nt f me co el o eif r e b)1. codi o he ca ai t fnda s' or r uns a s t m nott as e t ny a fr tvedef ns so co e c am s bec us hewa oft dvied he o s r a fima i e e r unt r l i , a e s he opi o t td nei .. a wes... gh hep f iiaes tlme . ( ke No.59a !9. nin ha d rc . ns r mi t l acltt ete nt' Doc t ge ' t ) W hie M r M o t di ag ee he a it d a hi de ii t the d tm a el ...de i d t go l . ulon s r d, dm t e t s pos ton ha d i t y ul c de o ao wihgheat ne s adviea wihd a g s cou ecli a fl a a nde a we . lng t t tor y'j c nd t r w hil ntr am nd ie n me d ns r' ' ( ke No. 1a 75. M r Moulon' decaai alorveast tt dee nt'fr r Doc t 65- t ) . t s lrton s e l ha he fnda s ome c u s l eie aeyee tdn t ofl ar s o et t plitf smoinf rs mmayj d me t o n e d l rt l lce o t ie ep ns o he an if to o u r u g n, b be us he w a o t opi on t t def nda t di ç ha an l gii a e bass t oppos t ca e s f he ni hat he e n s d i not ve y e tm t i o e he moton. ( ke No.59a ! 1 ) i ' Doc t ' t 9. W hiet de e nt m a now be unha wiht ltgai n de ii nsm a by t r l he f nda s y ppy t he ii to c so de hei f ma c or l ouns l s h delbe a e dec s ons c nnotbe d m ed m it kes s pr s ,ore us e e , uc i rt ii a ee s a , ur i es xc abl negl tunde Rul 60( ( ) Ast Unie Stt Cour ofAppe l f t Fo t Cic t ec r e b)1 . he td aes t as or he urh rui pr vi l e ane . e ousy xpli d' Rul 60( i i e dt pr e pa tesnet rfom t i lwy s own e b) s ntnde o otd ri ihe r her a er' n gie c , o fo teu d srbl rs lsta fo fo ap ol c sn e l n e n r rm h n eia e eut h tlw ' m o ry hoe q r ltgaln sr t y. Thi ge a prncpl i nols a iabl t Rul 6 b)1 ii to taeg s nerl i i e s e s pplc e o e 0( ( ) t nt t ot rpr so i 60( . Meedistsa toni hi ihtwih ha o he he oviins n b) r saifci n ndsg t choi delber el m ade by couns i notgroundsf tndi t m it ces i at y el s or i ng he s ake, i dvetnc s prs ore usbl nege tnec s ayt j tf Rul 60( ( ) na re e, ur ie, xc a e lc e s r o usiy e b)1 r i elef. Am .Li e r A s ' I v. m . f aua d s n, nc. A Red Cr s N o. 2460,1 U . App.LEX I 8 os , 92994 S. S 430,at*7 ( h Ci. . 1 (ntr lctto a quot i maksomit . 4t rApr 22, 994) i ena iains nd aton r ted) Ot rcr isha lkewiehedt tRul 60( ()i no i e t rme t efcsof he icut ve i s l ha e b)1 s tntnded o e dy he fe t c ouns l sde i r t ltga i n de s ons Se e. , t ha v.Tr i r W orham & Co. l , e ' lbe a e ii to ci i . e, c. La s w a ne t s nc. 452 F.d 1 97 1 01(t Ci. 0 6 (t ea ret t l 6 () 1 i n titn dt rme yt 3 0 , 1 9 h r 2 0 ) û g e ha Rue 0b () s o ne de o e d he W e f c sofaltgai dec son t tapa t lt rc fe t ii ton ii ha ry a e omest r e t o h s e nty- i d o egrt hr ug ubs que l ga ne knowldget tc r t t er ouslga ad c ofc el Forpu pos ofs eci ( ( ) e ha orecs he rone e l vie ouns . r es ubs ton b)1, pa te s d be bound by a a oun a e f t de i r t a tonsoft m s l a t i ri s houl nd cc t bl or he lbe a e c i he e ves nd he r c e couns l'; ccurvv.Adve itHeat Syse sunbet l .298F. 586, (t Ci. hos n e.)M ' r nts lh tm/ l,nc, 3d 595 6h r 2 0 )( gl eu io m d cso so t i a doh rcrut e tbihta g l 6 ( )lJ o sn t 0 2 t- h nf r e iin f hs n t e ic is sa ls h t Rue 0 b () d e o df per tltga sa t i c mi ii nt nd her ouns lt e det c e nc oft rl lpostonsa ltg ton e o va he ons que es hei ega ii nd ii a i sr t e ,e nt taegis ve hought emi tpr uns c sulila sd, eve fal e rneous' hes gh ove uc esf , l-dvie or n lty ro . ). Thi i t e e n i t m o ng pa te û i htha be l s t n f l i or ed, w l a e s s nl ve f he vi ri s t g m ve en e s ha uly nf m kno edge bl a a tve pa tc pa si t de i i nm a ng pr e s' M c r 298 F. a 595. (As b h t nd c i r i i nt n he c s o ki oc s . ' cur y, 3d t t ot he Supr meCour a gheFourhCicuilha c itntyr c ze aparyvol aiyc es e t nd t t r t ve onsse l e ogni d, t untrl hoos hi at s tonwy a hi r pr e ai i t a ton,a t , c nno lt rçvoi t co eq nc s s e es nt tve n he c i nd, hus he a t a e a d he ns ue es oft a t oromisonsoft sfe l slce a nt'' Robi on, F. a 409( i Lik he cs si hi rey ee td ge .' ns 599 3d t quotng n v.W a hR. Co.370U. 626,633- ( 96 ) s as Uni ra Fim Exc nges l v. bas R. , S. 34 1 2); ee lo ves l l ha . nc. Lus, 9F. 573,576- (t Ci.1 )( di t ta atr y' Cdei rt de iinsnott t47 2d 77 4h r 973 hol ng ha n tone s t lbeae cso o e e a a a a eorfl a ans re e a i hi ci ntsde e esc nno de m e e us bl nt r n ppe r nc ie n we num r tng s le ' f ns a t e d xc a e nege tund Rul 60( ()'a e lc er e b) 1, nd mphai ngt tS rourad s rals tm ofj tc t ' szi ha s unde verai yse usie,he cintmus pa a l s i tal t pe lyofhi comslsnege f'. le t y, t eat niily,he nat s t e' lc ) Acc di y, he co tc ude t tt de e nt a e note il d t r le unde Rul or ngl t ur oncl s ha he f nda s r ntte o e i f r e 60( () Net rco elssrtgi de ii t de lnet ase ta c ecamsor b)1. ihe uns ' tae c cson o ci o sr ny ountrli a tr ai def ns s norhi cac ae de sont r fai fom opposngt pli ifsm oton f fim tve e e , s lul td cii o e r n r i he antf ' i or s mmayj dg n , a b c rceie a amitk ,n d e tn e o e c a l n ge t S e u r u me tc n e haa trz d s sa e ia v re c , r x us be e lc. e . ec.Ro ns ns5 F. at41 ( l ngt tt a la wa no e il t r i unde Rul . , bi o 99 3d 3 concudi ha he ppelnt s t ntted o elef r e 6 b)1 ,sncehi c elsSc lultdde iin ...odei rt yrfai fom a atmptt 0( () i s ouns ' 'ac ae cso t lbeael er n r ny te o a c ranwheh rs mmayj dg n mo in weefldo t ed t h k e t ywe ed e. . s e ti te u r u me t to s r i n h ae e n w he r u , e goul notbec r trz a Cxc a eneglc''. c d) haaceied s e us bl e t' ) B. Rul 60( ( e b)6) Rul 6 ( )6 a t o ie tec u torle eap ryfo atnaj d me t ro d rf rtn e 0 b () u h rz s h o r t eiv a t r m i lu g n o r e o C y a o h rra o t a j siisr l f' Fe R. v. 6 ()6 . C to g Ru e6 ( )6 i a t e e s n h t u tfe ei . d. Ci P. 0 b( ) l h u h l 0 b ( ) s e' Al ' t l'pr vi i i ha lm ie R i biiy.' Unie M l Sol i nsv. ca cha l o s on, t s i t d pplca lt ' t d dc. uto Fowl r 51 F. e, 2 App' 271, ( h Ci. 3) Rul 60( ( i ybei x 275 4t r 201 . e b)6) s ma nvokedi onl ixta di r n y e ror nay cru tn e ' nt er a o f r eif r mj d me t o sn t al t nt el t f n meae ic msa c s whe h e s n o r l fo u g n d e o flwi h i o e u rtd e hi s r a o sgv ni Rul 6 ( )1-5 . Ai n v.n rm, 2F.d4 6 5 0( t Ci. 1 e s n i e n e 0 b ( )( )' ke s I g a 65 3 9 , 0 4h r 201 ) ' ( uotngLiiber v.He 1hSer . quiii Con.486U. 8 863n. 1 86 (988 q i le : at vs Ac ston r , S. 47, 1 , 4 1 :. U pon r vi oft r c d a a i a e c s l w ,t c utco l e ew he e or nd pplc bl a e a he ot ' nc udest tt de e nt ha he f nda s havefie t de taee ror naycic tnc ss fcintt j tf r le t rRul ald o monsrt xta di r rumsa e ufi e o usiy eif mde e 60( ( . I i welesa ihe t tûtaegi de sonsma d i t cou s ofltgai b)6) t s l tbls d ha ir t c cii s de urng he re ii ton pr deno b i f r i u rRul 60( ( ,' ni i hi ihtt yappe ri rc. ovi ass or elef nde e b)6)'eve f n ndsg he a ncore t Sc rzv.Unie Stts 976F. 21 21 ( hCi.1 (ii Ac r nnv.UniedSt e , hwa t td ae , 2d 3, 8 4t r 992) ctng kemn t ats 340U. 1 ( 950);s eas Saa rv.DititofCol a,633F. 111 11 ( C.Ci. S. 93 1 ) e lo lza src umbi 3d 0, 20 D. r 2011 (mphaszi t tCl e60( ( s do ybes i yus da ma notbee oyed )e i ng ha t ul b)6) houl nl parngl e nd y l mpl smpl t r c altga fo srt i c ce t tltrt doutt bei o de )(ntr l i y o esue ii nt r m taegc hoi s ha ae ume o mprvi nf' i ena ctto a q ttonmaksomit . Hee,ti u s e t thedeenda s f me c e iains nd uoai r ted) r i s ndiputd ha t f nt'or r ouns l m a t sr t gi de s on t r r i f o a s ri a af im a i de e e orc e c ai s de he ta e c ci i o efa n r m s e tng ny fr tve f ns s ount r l m . Li wie, hea t ne m a t c c a e de son t a l t pl ntf sm oto f rs ke s t tor y de he alult d cii o low he ai if i n o umm a y r j d me t ormanu o p e W hl ter s lso t s d l rt d cso sma h v p o n u g n t e i n p osd. ie h eut fhee ei ae e iin y a e r ve be u e ia l t ted fn a t, o n e ' a to sd n t u tf rle t e Rul 6 ( )6 . S e nd srbe o h ee d ns c u s ls cin o o j siy eif md r e 0 b ( ) e . e. , c r 298F. a 596((W 1 ha rpeaedl e ha iedt tRul 60( ()a i onl g.M cury, 3d t tg e ve e t y mp sz ha e b)6 pples y i e ptona a e r or na y cr um sa es Thegr n xce i l nd xta di r ic t nc . oundsf rr lefi ntfe i t sca e o ei de ii d n hi s , i vi sr i f wa d cl i s ofa t r y er o a sr t c m i ca c a i do nots ts y t s nvol ng t a ghtor r a m t o ne r r nd t a egi s l ul ton, a i f hi rgor sandad.'; e s v. vr Cor ,1 F. D.5,11( D. 1 (s ovi i ous t r ' And ron Che on p. 90 R. ) D. C. 999) d ng M Pl i if a k f r le f o vol nt r de s onst t i Cou elc e l m a a ntf s s or e i f r m u a y ci i ha Pror ns l ary de. Thi c t i s our fnds t tnoexta di r cr tnce exitt woul al f rle unde Rul 60( ( be us ha ror na y icumsa s s hat d low or eif r e b)6) ca e t de sonofProrCouns lt notfl a o ii wa ce rydelbe ae.) Acc di y,he he cii i e o ie n pposton s lal i r t ' . or ngl t ' d fn a t' to f rr l ffo j d me twil ed nid. e e d n s moin o ei r m u g n lb e e e l. 1 Pl ntf sR e ai ir ques f A t or v' Fe s and C os s t or t ne s e t Bot oft pl ntf br e s i opposton t t de c nt 'm o i i l a s m a y h he ai i fs i f n ii o he f nda s ton nc ude um r r ue tf a a a d ofa t r sf esa c t i ur e i oppos ng t m o i eq s or n w r to ney' e nd os s nc r d n i he ton. The pl i if s a ntf ' rq e t lb d n e wih u p eu ie l t eplitf wih st pu s isrq e t o atr e ' e u s wil e e id t o t rj dc . f h an if s e o rue t e u s f r ton y s f esa c t ,i m us fl a f r a m oton a s e nd os s t t ie o m l i nd uppori m e or nd ,a o w ih s f c e tng m a um l ng t uf i i nt e de e fom whi h t c tcou d de e m i a r s nabl awa d. vi nc r c he our l t r ne ea o e r Concl on usi Fort ras saed,hede e nt moto f r i fo j he e ons tt t f nda s' in or elef r m udgmentt rRul 60( mde e b) wilbede e t pli ifsrques frat ney' feswilbede e wihoutprj c ,a t l nid,he antf e t o tor s e l nid t eudie nd he 8 de e nt 'motont e e t de dlnef M r .M o t sde ii wilbe d e asmoot f nda s i o xt nd he a i or s ulon' poston l enid . The Cl r i di e t t s nd c ri i d co e o t s m e o a um opi o a t ac om pa ng e k s r c ed o e e tfe pi s f hi m r nd ni n nd he c nyi o de t a1 c ns lofr c d. r r o 1 ou e e or ENTER: i l1 d yo F buay 2014. Ths Z a f e r r , # <. -w P' Chi fUnied St t sD i ti tJ e t a e s r c udge

Some case metadata and case summaries were written with the help of AI, which can produce inaccuracies. You should read the full case before relying on it for legal research purposes.

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.