Woods v. Colvin, No. 2:2011cv04363 - Document 16 (W.D. Mo. 2013)

Court Description: ORDER denying plaintiff's motion for judgment and affirming the decision of the Commissioner. Signed on 2/25/13 by Magistrate Judge Robert E. Larsen. (Wilson, Carol)

Download PDF
Woods v. Colvin Doc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ockets.Justia.com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

Some case metadata and case summaries were written with the help of AI, which can produce inaccuracies. You should read the full case before relying on it for legal research purposes.

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.