Spencer v. USA, No. 1:2016cv00296 - Document 5 (D. Haw. 2017)
Court Description: ORDER GRANTING VOLUNTARY DISMISSAL OF PETITIONERS MOTION UNDER 28 U.S.C. § 2255 TO VACATE, SET ASIDE, OR CORRECT SENTENCE BY A PERSON IN FEDERAL CUSTODY (ECF No. 30) re 1 , 4 as to Dustin Spencer - Signed by JUDGE HELEN GILLMOR on 7/5/20 17. "Petitioners Motion Under 28 U.S.C. § 2255 To Vacate, Set Aside, or Correct Sentence (ECF No. 30) is DISMISSED pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(a)(2). The Clerk of Court is DIRECTED to CLOSE Civil No. 16- 00296HG-KJM." (CR 13-00360 HG; CV 16-00296 HG-KJM) (emt, )CERTIFICATE OF SERVICEParticipants registered to receive electronic notifications received this document electronically at the e-mail address listed on the Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF). Participants not registered to receive electronic notifications were served by first class mail on the date of this docket entry
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Spencer v. USA Doc. 5 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF HAWAII DUSTIN SPENCER, Petitioner, vs. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Respondent. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Crim. No. 13-00360 HG-01 Civ. No. 16-00296 HG-KJM ORDER GRANTING VOLUNTARY DISMISSAL OF PETITIONER’S MOTION UNDER 28 U.S.C. § 2255 TO VACATE, SET ASIDE, OR CORRECT SENTENCE BY A PERSON IN FEDERAL CUSTODY (ECF No. 30) Petitioner Dustin Spencer filed a Motion Under 28 U.S.C. § 2255, seeking relief based on the United States Supreme Court’s decision in Johnson v. United States, 135 S.Ct. 2552 (2015). Petitioner’s Section 2255 Motion was held in abeyance pending the United States Supreme Court’s decision in Beckles v. United States. Following the decision in Beckles, Petitioner filed a Notice of Voluntary Dismissal pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(a). The Government filed an Opposition to Petitioner’s Notice. Petitioner’s Motion Under 28 U.S.C. § 2255 To Vacate, Set Aside, Or Correct Sentence is DISMISSED pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(a)(2). 1 Dockets.Justia.com PROCEDURAL HISTORY On June 7, 2016, Petitioner filed a MOTION UNDER 28 U.S.C. § 2255 TO VACATE, SET ASIDE, OR CORRECT SENTENCE BY A PERSON IN FEDERAL CUSTODY. (ECF No. 30). On the same date, Petitioner filed a MOTION FOR A BRIEFING SCHEDULE. (ECF No. 31). On July 8, 2016, the Court issued an ORDER RE: HOLDING MERITS REVIEW ON GUIDELINE AND SECTION 924(c) UNITED STATES v. JOHNSON CLAIMS IN ABEYANCE PENDING A DECISION IN BECKLES v. UNITED STATES. (ECF No. 34). On April 17, 2017, Petitioner filed a SUPPLEMENTAL MEMORANDUM. (ECF No. 36). On June 6, 2017, Petitioner filed a NOTICE OF VOLUNTARY DISMISSAL PURSUANT TO FED. R. CIV. P. 41(a)(1)(A)(i). (ECF No. 37). Also on June 6, 2017, the Government filed UNITED STATES OF AMERICAS’S OPPOSITION TO DEFENDANT’S NOTICE OF VOLUNTARY DISMISSAL PURSUANT TO R. CIV. P. 41(a)(1)(A)(i) AND REQUEST FOR A RULING ON THE MERITS. (ECF No. 38). ANALYSIS Petitioner requests voluntary dismissal of his Motion Under 28 U.S.C. § 2255 To Vacate, Set Aside, Or Correct Sentence By A Person In Federal Custody (ECF No. 30). 2 Petitioner requests voluntary dismissal pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(a).1 The Government objects to voluntary dismissal pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(a). First, the Government argues that Rule 41(a) does not apply to Section 2255 proceedings. 1 Rule 41(a) provides: (a) Voluntary Dismissal. (1) By the Plaintiff. (A) Without a Court Order. Subject to Rule 23(e), 23.1(c), 23.2, and 66 and any applicable federal statute, the plaintiff may dismiss an action without a court order by filing: (i) a notice of dismissal before the opposing party serves either an answer or a motion for summary judgment; or (ii) a stipulation of dismissal signed by all parties who have appeared. (B) Effect. Unless the notice or stipulation states otherwise, the dismissal is without prejudice. But if the plaintiff previously dismissed any federal- or state-court action based on or including the same claim, a notice of dismissal operates as an adjudication on the merits. (2) By Court Order; Effect. Except as provided in Rule 41(a)(1), an action may be dismissed at the plaintiff’s request only by court order, on terms that the court considers proper. If a defendant has pleaded a counterclaim before being served with the plaintiff’s motion to dismiss, the action may be dismissed over the defendant’s objection only if the counterclaim can remain pending for independent adjudication. Unless the order states otherwise, a dismissal under this paragraph (2) is without prejudice. Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(a). 3 Second, the Government argues that it will suffer prejudice if voluntary dismissal is granted. The Government asserts that it expended many hours on this and other Johnson cases. The Government argues that voluntary dismissal may allow the Petitioner to file another habeas petition without complying with the restrictions applicable to second and successive habeas petitions set forth in 28 U.S.C. § 2255(h). The Government requests that the Court issue a ruling on the merits because Petitioner is unable to succeed on his Motion following the United States Supreme Court’s decision in Beckles. I. Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(a) Applies to Section 2255 Proceedings A federal prisoner may collaterally attack his sentence or conviction by moving the district court to vacate, set aside, or correct the sentence. 28 U.S.C. § 2255(a). The procedures for review of a motion filed pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2255 are set forth in the Rules Governing Section 2255 Proceedings For The United States District Courts, Pub.L. 94-426, 90 Stat. 1334 (1976); see United States v. Winkles, 795 F.3d 1134, 1145 (9th Cir. 2015). Rule 12 of the Rules Governing Section 2255 Proceedings provides, as follows: The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedures, to the extent that they are not inconsistent with any statutory provisions or 4 these rules, may be applied to a proceeding under these rules. Petitioner seeks to apply Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(a) to his Section 2255 Motion and requests voluntary dismissal. The Government argues that Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(a) is inapplicable in this case because it is “inconsistent” with 28 U.S.C. § 2255 and the Rules Governing Section 2255 Proceedings. The Government’s argument is not persuasive. The majority of federal district courts that have considered the issue have agreed that voluntary dismissal is available in Section 2255 proceedings. Amaral v. United States, Cr. No. 13- 00391JMS, Order Granting Voluntary Dismissal of Motion Under 28 U.S.C. § 2255, ECF No. 56, (D. Haw. Apr. 28, 2017); Hurdle v. United States, 2017 WL 1536228, *5 (E.D. Va. Apr. 27, 2017); see Volgelmeier v. United States, 2017 WL 2414681, *3 (E.D. Tenn. June 2, 2017); Valdez v. United States, 2017 WL 2290956, *2 (D. N.M. Apr. 28, 2017); United States v. Cargill, 2017 WL 1316925, at *2 (D. Minn. Apr. 7, 2017); Goss v. United States, 2017 WL 1244900, at *1 (E.D. Mich. Apr. 5, 2017). II. Dismissal of Petitioner’s Section 2255 Motion Pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(a)(1)(A)(i) or 41(a)(2) Petitioner seeks dismissal pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(a)(1)(A)(i) without a Court Order. 5 Petitioner seeks dismissal pursuant to 41(a)(1)(A)(i) on the basis that he filed his Notice of Dismissal before the Government served either an answer or a motion for summary judgment. The Government opposes dismissal and argues that it expended time and effort in opposing Petitioner’s case and other Johnson cases. The Government did not file an answer or motion for summary judgment as to the Section 2255 Motion in this case. Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(a)(2) allows a petitioner to dismiss an action pursuant to an order of the court. Beech Aircraft Corp., 625 F.2d 273, 277 (9th Cir. 1980). Sams v. The decision to grant voluntary dismissal pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(a)(2) rests within the sound discretion of the District Court. Stevedoring Servs. of Am. v. Armilla Int’l B.V., 889 F.2d 919, 921 (9th Cir. 1989). The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals has instructed that a “district court should grant a motion for voluntary dismissal under Rule 41(a)(2) unless a defendant can show that it will suffer some plain legal prejudice as a result.” Lenches, 263 F.3d 972, 975 (9th Cir. 2001). Smith v. Legal prejudice means prejudice to some legal interest, some legal claim, or some legal argument. Westlands Water Dist. v. United States, 100 F.3d 94, 97 (9th Cir. 1996). Uncertainty because some of the claims remain unresolved is not legal prejudice. Id. The possibility of another lawsuit is 6 not legal prejudice. Hamilton v. Firestone Tire & Rubber Co., Inc., 679 F.2d 143, 145 (9th Cir. 1982). Here, the Government has not demonstrated that it will suffer legal prejudice if voluntary dismissal is granted. Dismissal will not deprive the Government of any legal interest, argument, or claim. Westlands Water Dist., 100 F.3d at 97. There was not an answer or a motion filed against the Petitioner’s Section 2255 Motion by the Government. Their objection based on an overall effort on the issues raised by Johnson is not sufficient to find prejudice here. See Williams v. Peralta Comm. College Dist., 227 F.R.D. 538, 539 (N.D. Cal. 2005) (citing Westlands Water Dist., 100 F.3d at 97). The question of whether voluntary dismissal would provide the Petitioner with a tactical advantage in avoiding application of Section 2255(h) to any further habeas petition is not before the Court. Plain legal prejudice does not result when the defendant faces the prospect of a second lawsuit or when plaintiff merely gains some tactical advantage. Hamilton, 679 F.2d at 145; Smith, 263 F.3d at 976; Valdez, 2017 WL 2290956, at *2. Dismissal will neither prejudice the Government nor cause judicial waste. The request for dismissal was timely. The Court finds that dismissal pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(a)(2) is appropriate. 7 CONCLUSION Petitioner’s Motion Under 28 U.S.C. § 2255 To Vacate, Set Aside, or Correct Sentence (ECF No. 30) is DISMISSED pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(a)(2). The Clerk of Court is DIRECTED to CLOSE Civil No. 1600296HG-KJM. IT IS SO ORDERED. DATED: Honolulu, Hawaii, July 5, 2017. Dustin Spencer v. United States of America, Criminal No. 13-00360 HG-01, Civil No. 16-00296 HG-KJM; ORDER GRANTING VOLUNTARY DISMISSAL OF PETITIONER’S MOTION UNDER 28 U.S.C. § 2255 TO VACATE, SET ASIDE, OR CORRECT SENTENCE BY A PERSON IN FEDERAL CUSTODY (ECF No. 30) 8
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