Overton v. Crews, No. 4:2013cv10172 - Document 16 (S.D. Fla. 2016)

Court Description: ORDER DENYING 1 Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus filed by Thomas Mitchell Overton. CASE CLOSED. Signed by Chief Judge K. Michael Moore on 1/12/2016. (rg1)

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Overton v. Crews Doc. 16 U NITED STA TE S D IST RICT C O UR T SO UTHERN DI STRI OF FLORI CT DA CA SE N O .1 101 Cl - O O RE 3- 72- V M TH O M A S M I H ELL O V ER TO N , TC Pettoner ii , JULIE L.JO NES, Se r a y.Fl i D e r m en ofCor e tons c et r orda pa t t rci , Rc ponde . s nt O RDER DENYI HABEAS CORPUS PETI ON NG TI Peii r Thoma M ic lOve t (; r Ovet ' i onde t r a t Uni ttone, s thel ron $ . ron') s M ah ow t he on Conec i - tonall tt i i Ra f d,Fl i -f t m ur sofM i ha a Sus n M cl . M r ns iuton n ior or da or he der c el nd a vor . O ve t w a c c e i 1 oft o c ron s onvi t d n 999 w ount oftr tdeg e m tr .one countofkilng a s is r e lder li n u b r c idb ij r t temo h r o ec u to b r lr wiha s utb t r a do ec u to n o n h l y nu y o h t es n o n f u g ay t sa l/at y n n o n f e s xu ba t r '' m a t be or t Cour i M r Ove t s Petton f W rtofH a asCor e al te y. lhe ter f e he t s . r on' ii or i be pus ByaPe s i Stt Cusody(k tton')fldNo mbe 8, 3g 8' TheStt fldis ron n ae t speii ' ie ve r 20l DE j . ae ie t Ie p n e ( 1 1 Mr Ov ro fldaRe y ( l 1 Thi matrh sb e f l b if d F r t s o s . DE l. . e tn i e pl. DE 2 . s te a e n ul ree . o y t r as t tf l ,M r Overon' Petton f W rtofl abe Cor i DEN I . he e ons ha olow . t s ii or i ' as pus s l ED FACTUAL BACKGROUND v'e ll r da Supr m e Cour ga t f l i r c t ton oft pe tne f c s l 'o i h e t ve he olow ng e ia i he r i nt a t : O n Augus 22,1991,Susan M i l M acl .age 29, a herhus t chelc vor nd band,M i hae c l M acl age 30,w er f vor, e ound m ur ed i t rhom e i Taver erK ey. Sus was der n hei n ni an e ghtm ont pr gna a t tm e wih t coupl s lr tc l i hs e nt t he i t he e' i s hid . Dockets.Justia.com Sus n a M iha we el s s e alvea t i chidbit cas ,whi ende a a nd c el r a t e n i t her l rh l s ch d t a oxi a el 9 p. .on A ugus 21 1 . ppr m t y m t , 991 Conc ne co- k s a a nei er d wor er nd ghbor f ound t i bodi st nextm or ng i i t vitms-t sor s ithous her c he ni nsde he c i wo- t y tl- e lc tdi ag tdc mmu t a j c n t ap iaearti o ae n ae o ni d a e t o rv t isrp. y Onc lw e br eme ofi er ari d, t ough e m i ton oft hous wa e a nt c nt fc s rve a hor xa na i he e s unde tke l t lvi r ra n. n he i ng oom,whe e M iha ' bodywasf r c els ound,i tgaor nvesi t s not dt thi e iehe ha be tped wih m a ki t ,wih t exc i of e ha s ntr ad d en a t s ng ape t he epton hi nos whih wa pa taly e s e c s ri l xpos d. wa f e He s ound we rng onl aT-hitand ai y s r undeav a .The e wasa bl s on t s oul rar aoft t - hit W hen l er r ood pot he h de e he ee s r. polc r m ove t mas ngt pe, he dic e t a s ha be plce ie e d he ki a t y s over d hat ock d en a d ove hi e s a t tt r wa si htbledi fom t nosrlar a.Br sng on r s ye , nd ha he e s lg e ng r he ti e uii t ne k a eawa as vii e. i tga o ss m ie t tasr ehad he c r s lo sbl The nvesi t r ur s d ha tuggl t ke pl cc be us pe s a n a ca e r onalpa r w e e s ater d on t foornea a de k, and pe s r c t e he l r s t c ch a c t t e h be n m ove A s l pl tc drnki c wa a s he ou nd ofke abl ad e d. ma l asi i ng up s lo f ound b i M i hae ' body. es de c l s Contnui t s a c t r t mase be oom,apic ofcot s i r was i ng he e r h owa d he t r dr e e l he lne ope f ndj touti t bed oo door y.Susn' c eel na dbodywas ou us sde he r m wa a s omplt y ke f nd on t ofa w hie c f t r l e a e w e e te t t w ih a be t ou op t om or e . ' r nkl s r i d oge her t l l, s ver ll y r ofm a ki t pea cl hesi r l e wrsswe e as bound e a aes s ng a nd ot lne ope.' r it r lo l t t r wih a bcl. wo belss cu ed he bound w rs st he a e .A r oge he t t l' t e r r i t o r nkl s ound he r nec w a a ga r e f m e by us ng a nec i and a bl ck s s w hi h w as k s r ot or d i kte a a h, c w r ppe a ou he ne s r ltm e .Herha rw ast ngl d i t knot N otc ng a d r nd r ck eve a i s i a e n he . ii t tadr s rdr we cont ni belsa nec i sha be pule open,ofi r ha es e a r ai ng t nd kte d en ld fce s bele t tt iemsus t bi d and sr ngl Sus c m e fom i i t ived ha he t ed o n ta e an a r nsde he hom e I eye w e e c r d w ih m a ki t pe t appe r d t ha be . 4er s r ove e t s ng a hat a e o ve en pl e ove here si afa i hu r Unde t c ore u whih t body ac d r ye n r ntc ry. r he omf tr pon c he r s e w e e s ver liem s whi h a e td r e a t c ppea e t ha bee e pte f om he pur e. r d o ve n m i d r r s A l o u rt e f t w a herni s r ' he butonsha be t n of w ih s nde he om orer s ght hi t t , t d en or f t s h f c t tt buton s nks ha be s r t d tom t butonst m s ve . uc or e ha he t ha d en epa a e ' r he t he el s Ne rt ni s r wer he pan i whi ha bee cu aong ea h sdei t hi a he ght hit e r tes ch d n t l c i n he p ar wih a shar i tum ent ea t p nsr . W ihi t mase be oom , hei si t sa s f nd a . c i s l c sng, t n he t r dr t nve tga or lo bu 22 alber hel a i and s e om whatl t a hol i abedr aer en oom cu ti wasnotc Alo i t t ran ied. s n ha bedr ,t of i e sf oom he fc r ound a addr s book w ih s e pa pa taly t n ou . n es t om ges r i l or t The s i ng gl s doori t bedr ldi as n he oom w a ope a a box f n w a ope a i . s n nd a s r tng '' r ha b n a he r n s or t ni bef e a t hea and hum i t l e d ee he avy ai t m he ght or nd he t diy w er qui y rsi A sa r toft e ckl i ng. esul hese condii Sus sbody w as covered tons. an' w ih m oit e.l i tga or us d a l a lgh t unc rw ha pr s ptvel t s ur 'he nves i t s e um i t o ove t e um i y a ppea ed t be s m i ls a nson Sus n' pubi a ca he butocks a t i i r o e na t i a s c r , r t , nd he ns de ofhe t ghs lhes r ogitlt rt sii d t he c lc e wha a a e t be r hi . ' e ol s a e e tfe hat ole t d t ppe r d o s m en fom Sus n- bod) w ih s a a i t s 'hr pr s ptve s i e r a s . t w b ppl or . l ee e um i em nal ca ' sansalo a a e on t tted s e .W ihi cl epr m iyt oneoft t i s ppe r d he it he t t n os oxi t o he s mi lsai on t fted s t a san whi h a e na t ns he st hee , t i c ppea e t bedred f ce was rd o i e s l t d. twa a s notce t tSus ha f ca m a t ri he butoc a ea. oca e l s l o i d ha an d e l te n r t ks r Uli ael t ofi e st t c f tr fted s e , and ma te spad i o tm t y, he tc r ook he om ore , it he t tr s nt evi dence. 'he i es i ton ne pr e d t a s r be oom , w hi h w ast n bei l nv tga i ' xt oc ede o pa e dr c he ng r novaed f us a anur e y f rt baby. si ng gl sdoori t tr e t or e s s r o he The ldi as n ha oom wasalo ope A l rwa f s n. adde s ound pr d u agans t balony out i t oppe p i t he c sde he nur e y.Cutcl hes i r washangi f om t bal ony c lng, and out i sr ot lne ope ng r he c eii s de t hom e. he phone w ics ha be n r e l c w ih a s r i t um e . he t r d c ec nty ut t ha p ns r nt ' he m e c e i ' t s i ony a t i les a i he m uli e f c or . A st l di al xam ner s e tm t r a t bls d tpl a t s o M ihae ,hea ops r veae t thes f r d a s r blw t t ba k oft c l t ut y e ld ha ufe e eve e o o he c he he d. a The e e nale m i ton ofM i ha l s ne k r ve e s ve albr s xt r xa na i c e ' c e al d e r ui es pa tculry a ound t l ynx, ong wih lga ur m a kswhih i caedt tt ri a l r he ar al t i t e r c ndi t ha he de c us d t sr ngl M iha ha bee wr ppe ar vi e e o ta e c el d n a d ound hi ne s r s ck eve al tm e ,f 1 a t tpr s ur w asa i d f o be nd. 'he i er lexa i ton of i s lN nd ha e s e pple r m hi l nt na ' m na i M i ha ' ne k confr e t thi l r c els c i m d ha s a ynx,asw el a t hyoi bone a e gl ts l s he d nd pi oti ha bee fa t e Ther wa as br sng a a i e nalc uson i c tve of d n r c ur d. e s lo uii nd n nt r ont i ndia i a hea bl t t ba k oft ne '' i t r e m i ton oft ne k ar a vy ow o hc c he ck. l n e nal xa na i he he c e r ve e t t ne w asuns a e and di l a e att tf h c r c ve t br e. e al d hat he ck t bl s oc t d he i t e vi al r e a 'he e wasalo i e nalbl e ng i t l ts de -i c t v ofa s ve e bl l r ' s nt r e di n he ef houl r ndi a i e e r ow t t a e Addii ly,M i elha sgnii a br sng i hi a o he r a. tonal cha d i fc nt uii n s bdom i a e nal r a c s ng a cont i f ry de p wihi t a au i us on ail e t n he bdom e -' doc ort tf e t tt n. l he t es ii d ha he ij yc dhavebe i lce byasr ki t t ae Ba e onhi nur oul en ntitd tong ck o he ra. s d s obs r tons t docoro ne t tt c e ofde t wasa ph a i by e va i , he t pi d ha he aus ah s yxiton lgaur srngulton(ope . I a dt tM iha c dha be n rndeed i t e ta ai r ) le dde ha c el oul ve e e r unc coustn t ffee s condsate t lgaur wasapple ort i c d ons i e o it n e - r he i t e t i d, hat t oul hav t ken I rde ndi on t pr s u e a i d. ea onge pe ng he e s r pple FN 1 'he doc ort t le t tt lga ur m a ks wer i c tve oft r .l t es ii d ha he i t e r e ndi a i - ope a wr ppe ar a d ound f tmc orwr d a oundt c a r apple onc or our i s appe r wie nd e i d e wr ppe a ound onc and r pple f tm e . a d r e ea id our i s' ' W ih r pe t Sus n.t e e e nale m i ton ofherf c r ve e t ts ha t es ct o a h xt r xa na i a e e al d ha he d r c ve s ve als i a asons The lga ur m a ks a ound he ne i ca ed e ei d e r lght br i . i t e r r r ck ndi t t ts wasm ovi a ns t lga ur ,t r by c i f i ton. A l o,t ha he ng gai t he i t e he c aus ng rc i s he di or i i herf i cat t bl wasnotexii t head ar as f scol aton n ace ndi ed hat ood tng he ea ast a i wa e e i Ac or ng t t mediale s t s nt rng. c di o he c xami r t si i c tveofan nc . hi s ndi a i i om pl t a i a i oft lgat e, hi de ons r t t t m or lkel t nc e e pplc ton he i ur w ch m t a ed ha , e i y han not a l rpe i oftm e pas e bef e Sus n l tcons ous s onc t , onge r od i s d or a os ci ne s e he lg t ewa a i d, rwrssa s exhi t d lgaur ma ksand he handswe e i a ur s pplc He it lo bie i t e r r r ctnc d. ovi down t he l l he M ng o r owerbody,a a a i t he vul a s ve a n br son o r va nd e r l a asonst he lgsi c tveofa sr ewe e t d. The m e c e l ner br i o r e ndi a i tuggl r bun di al xa ni c l ded,ba ed on t t alt oft cic s a es t ts ha be s xualy onc u s he ot iy he r um t nc , ha he d en e l ba t e W hen i e r t f a e a ton oft pr s nc off e i t ter d. nt r oga ed or n xpl na i he e e e ec s n he r t a ea t doct de e m i d t ti c d ha ha ned et ra t tmeof ecal r , he or t r ne ha t oul ve ppe ihe t he i deah ori c d ha be c us d by he f r t t oul ve en a e r ea . 'heme c e m i dec mi t tSus n wasa oxi ael cghtmont F dial xa ner tr ned ha a ppr m t y i hs pr gna a t tmeand pr e d t exa i t ft . doc orde e m i d e nt t he i oc ede o m ne he e us The t t r ne t tt ba woul ha be vibl had hebe n bor , a t the lve ha he by d ve en a e e n nd ha i d a oxi t l t ry m i t saferhi mot rdi d.'he do ort s iid t tt r ppr ma ey hit nu e t s he e l ' ct e tfe ha he e wa evi nc t thetid t b ea hon hi own. s de e ha re o r t s Ove t v St e 80lSo. 877.881 884 ( a. ron . at, 2d F1 2001 . ) ST ATU T E O F LIM ITAT I NS O l r s e t M r Ove t sPeii t St e a gu t t Petton i ba r d by t n e pons o . ron' tton, he at r ed hat he ii s re he saut oflmiai (lE 11 a 23- .Mr Ove t hasrpledt thi Peii wastmel tt e i ttons.l) 1 t 26) . ron e i ha s tlon i y f l d. H owe ,M r O ve t as els t t e n i he Coul fndst thi peii wasnottm ey ie ver . r on s ' ha , ve ft t ' i ha s tton t i l f l d.t Cour s d c i r t m ert ofhi c ai s M r O v t as e t t e equiabl i e he t houl ons de he is sl m . . eron s r s hr e t e g oundswhih c d e us hi un i elne s. 1 t St t ha waved atmel s a gu nt ( r c oul xc e s tm i s . ( ) he a e s i i i s r me ,2) ne t r r ent ofRul 3.851w er notlnml e t bls d orr gul r y f l ed, a ( M r he equiem s e e i y s a i he e a l olow nd 3) . Ove t i i e oft c i f whi hewa c ce . ron s nnoc nt he rmes or ch s onvi td St andar o ve on Ti i s d fRe iw melne s I l n 996, Congr ss taone ye rpe i oflmia i f t flng ofa a i ton f a es e - a rod i t tons or he ii n pplcai or wrtofha asc pusbyape s i cusodypuru t asaec rj i be or ron n t s ant o tt ou tudgme .Se 28U. C.j nt e S. 22 d)l) Congrs i ende AEDPA t f t rt prnci esofcomiy,fnaiy, and 44( ( . e s nt d o urhe he i pl t i lt f der ls .W ilam s v Ta or 529 U . . 420,436 ( e aim li , yl . S 2000)( t i t t-he e i no doubt satng ha ' r s t Congrs i e dAEDPA t a e s ntnde o dvanc t s docrne (omiy.fnaiy,a fdeals 1) e he e ti s c t i lt nd e r im 5 . Cl ry,Congr sc eae aone- a lm iato perod t twa m e ntt sr amlnet ha as ea l es r td ye r i t i ns i ha s a o te i he be r e pr s and t l fnalt t sat c tconvi tons D unc v Wal e '533 U. 1 evi w oce s o end i iy o t e our ci . an . k r S. 67 ( 01 (e gni ngt tSt 1ye lmiatonpei ofj2244( ( )quiepli ys r t 20 ) rco zi ha -he ar i t i rod d)1 t anl eves he wel-e gnie i ees i t fnalt ofsaecourj dgme s-; ealo H. Con Re No. lrco z d ntr t n he s iy tt tu nt'lse s R. g. p. 1 4- 8, t1l1( 996)rprntd i H. Conf Re No.51 1 hCong.a l1l( 996) 0 51 a 1 , e i e n R. . p. 8- 04t ,t 1 . r prnt i 1 I S. C. . . 944 ( 996)( xpli ng t t i e c i AEDPA,Cong es e i ed n 996 J. C. A N 924, 1 e a ni ha ,n na tng rs wa t d - o cu b t a eoft sa u or wrtofha sc pus' a ng,a ongot rt ngs n e ' r he bus t he t t t y i bea or -by ddi m he hi , a one ye rpe i oflm ia i t t e tm e a s a e prs rhast s k habe s r i fom a s a e - a r od i t ton o h i t t i one o ec a elef k tt c cton) Th AEDPA s e t elm i t delysi t f de alhab sr viw pr e s Se onvi i . e e ks o i na c a n he e r ea e e oc s . e ( 003) 2 . ''eAntt r im a Efe tveDe t Pe t Actofl 6 (l h ierors nd fci ah naly 99 : AEDPA-)i e aOne ' mpos d - ye lmiatonspei f t flngofa applc tonf r i un rj2254.Ac di y,28 ar i t i rod or he ii n iai br elef de cor ngl U . C..2244( pr de . S. j ' d) ovi s' A l yea pe i oflm ia i s la y t a a i a i f a w rtofha s - r rod i t ton hal ppl o n pplc ton or i bea c pusbyapes i cusodypu s ntt t j me ofStt c t The or ron n t rua o he udg nt ae our. lm ia i pe i s lr n fom t l t s ofi t ton r od hal u r he a e t ted t o whc t ej d me t c metn l yt c n l so ol rc h ae n ih h u g n be a i a b he o c u in - e t di r vi w ort e r ton oft tm e l s ki s r vi ; e e he xpi a i he i br ee ng uch e ew t da e on w hi h t i pe m c t f lng an a i a i cr a e by he t c he m di nt o i i pplc ton e t d St e acton i vi aton oft Constt i orl soft U nied St es at i n ol i he iuton aw he t at i r oved,i t applcantwaspr s em f he i event f om f lng by s St e ed r ii uch at acton; i t dat on w hi t cons iutonalr ghtassered was i taly he e ch he tt i i t nii l r c ze by t Su emeCour,i t rgh ha be ne y r c ni e e ogni d he pr t f he i t s en wl e og z d b t Supr m eCour a ma r toac i l a i bl t ca e on y he e t nd dc er tve y pplca e o s s c l t r lr vi 'or ola e a e ew , ( D) t dat on whih t f c ua pr cae olt cli orcli pr s nt he e c he a t l edi t 'he a m a ms e e ed c d ha be n dicove e t oug t exe cieofduedii nc oul ve e s r d hr h he r s lge e. 'he tm e durng whi a pr ry fl d a i a i f St t pos - onvi i o l i ' i ch ope l ie pplc ton or a e t c cton r ot rc ltr lr e wih r pec t t petne j he olae a eviw t es t o he ri nt udgmentorcli i pe ng am s ndi s lnotbe c e t r an pe i oflmia i unde t ss e ton. hal ount d owa d y rod i t ton r hi ubs c i l m os c es i cl ng t pr en c e,t lm iaton pcrod begi t r pu s ntt n t as , n udi he es t as he i t i i ns o un r ua o j 2 4 d ( )A) Th Elv n hCic ih sd cd d ta tej d me tb c me tia'wi nte 2 4 ( )1( . e e e t r ut a e ie h t h u g n e o s s n l t h f ' hi mea ngofj2244(14 )A)a f l :( )ùi t prs rllsatmel peii f c ri ai ni ()1( s olows 1 tf he ione ic i y tton or etorr, t j dgmentbe ome 's 'ont dat onwhihteSuprmeCoul is esade ii ont he u c s tnal he e c h e ' su t cson he meiso d nisc nirr, r( )tej d me tb c me k n l o t d t o whc te rt r e e e o ai o 2 h u g n e o s l a - n he ae n ih h s deknda ' tme 1 flng s a pe ii e r s- Bond v kl e 309 F. 770,773- ( 1h l nts i br ii uch tton xpic -' . oor . 3d 74 1 t ('r.2002) i . . Thepr e r hit ybel deaiswhe M r Ove t sc c i a s en we e oc du al sor ow t l n . ron- onviton nd ent ce r tnalwhent saut oflmiai wa t ldby j s , he tt e i ttons s ole 2244( ( , whe hi f rlhabe d)2)and n s edea as sd hi oce al s or he t ude hat he t t e pe ii wasf l d. Ba e on t s pr dur hi t y,t Cour concl s t t s a ut of tton ie lm ia i ex r d be or t Pe ii w a ll The ef e i i untm el i t tons pie f e he tton s i ed. r or , t s i y. Pr ocedur H i or al st y O n Fe ua y 1 1 ,M r O ve t wa l br r , 999 . ron s bund gu ly ofal c ge ,i u ng t count it l har s ncl di wo s oftr td r m ur r 1 e wass nt e t de t by a vot ofe g t f f t m ur rof i s eg ee de . 1 e enc d o a h e i ht o our or he de Mihae Ma vora avot o1ni t t e a t Sus nM a vor '' til udgef ndlve c l cl nd e - ne o hre s o a cl . f ra j he ou s 6 agg avai l t s no saut y mii ton,an t nonsa ut ) mii i cicu sa es' Se r tng àcor , t t or tga i d wo t t orz tgatng r m t nc . e fre /?kI St e,976 So. 536.5 ( - rt ' al l ? . 2d 44 2007) . (n Se embe 1 2001 t Fl i Supr me Cour denid M r Ove t sdie ta al ) pt r 3, , he orda e t e . ron' r c ppe a afl m e hi c nd tr d s onvi tons a s e s ? Ov r on v Sl e- So. 877 ( l . ci nd ent nce . e l ut 801 2d 200 ) . 'her a tr M r Ove t pettoned t Unie Stt sSupr me Cour f a wrtofce tor r.On l e fe , . ron ii he t d a e e t or i ri a i M a 1 200 t peii f c torr wasde cd.Ov ron r bl i 535U. 1 2 ( 2) y 3, 2-he tton or eri a i ni e t , orda, S. 06 200 . Be nni M a 1 2002,M r Ove t had oneye t tl hi petton f wrtofha as gi ng y 4, . ron ar o le s ii or i be 1Theti j f t f l ngtveagg a t swihrgadt bot vitms ( )t raludge ound he olowi i r vaor t e r o h ci : 1 he mur r wer henous ar i , cuel(b des e i , tocous and r t HAC') ( t mur swe ec '' 2) he der r ommit i ac d, ted n ol c l a e a pr m e t t man ;( t defnda had apr ousc cton f a volnt acult d, nd e diaed ner 3) he e nt evi onvi i or i e fl (ontmporne c ci f muder;( t mur sweec eony c e a ous onviton or r l 4) he der r ommitd whieOvet te l ron wa commitngas s ti exualbatr a bur ar ,a ( t mur r weec tey nd gl y' nd 5)he de s r ommitdf t te orhe pur e ofa di orpr ntng al kla r s . pos voi ng eve i awl re t lhe nons a ut y m ii atng cic s a es f nd b t ti c ' w er t tO ve t ' t t or tg i r um t nc ou y he r al oul t e ha ron woul bei prs d f t r mai rofhi lf s t r wasno da rt the woul c d m ione or he e nde s ie o he e nge ha d omm i t a ot rvi en a t ( ve kltl wei ')a Ovet sgoodcourr be vi / me nor ny he ol t cs gi n bite ght' nd ron' toom ha orde a ( v t omeweght' gi en s i ' ) 2(n diec a al t Fl rdaSupr m eCour consde ed t f l ng cai (1 t ) r t ppe , he o i e t i r he olowi l ms: ) he til o r erd i d n igOv ro sc aln e f rc u ewihrg r t p o p ciej r r ra c u t re n e yn e tn' h l g s o a s t e ad o r s e t u o s e v Rusela le li ( t ti c terd i notcompelngdic r ofdocume sfom t s l nd - usen; 2) he ral our re n l li s ovey nt r he Bode La r a i t t S'' DN A t s sa i notgr i a c i nce s t tO ve t s b el tng o he IR e t nd n antng ontnua o ha ron' c elc dr e t e doc ouns oul eviw hes umen s ( t ti c te r i nota ntng a a tonal t ' 3) he ral our red n , ppoi i n ddii de e ee l t r butt St t se de r l i t t de e et or c e ni Nonoxynol f ns xpe' o e he ae' vi nce eatng o he f ns he y onc r ng t ; ( t tilcour erd i de ngOve t smotonf mitilatrt Stt ma saeme s 4) he ra t re n nyi ron' i or sra fe he ae de tt nt durng t r talc os ng a gum en t O ve t had r ques e onl one N onoxy t tbu t i he ebu t l i r t hat ron e td y nol es t he St t ha s ghta tona t tng'( t ti cour e r i alowi t Stt t i p opery ae d ou ddii l esi , 5) he ral t red n l ng he a e o m r l bolt rZi nt st tm onyt ough t al ge he s y t si ony ofaprs cha an'( t se e ek' esi hr he le d ara e tm ion pl i , 6) he ti lco lte r d i r i t tt e St t c d e i i f om De e tve V i co t cont f om whi h r a tr r e n ulng ha h a e oul lc t r tci s he ext r c t i er afaiscompl ntt tOveron fld a ns hi a os ( t ti cour e r i he nt nal f r ai ha t ie gai t m r e; 7) he ral t red n lndi t HAC a a t wih r r t t m u de ofM ihae ;( t ti c r e r i not i ng he ggr va or t ega d o he r r c l 8) he ral ou t red n i tuci t j yt tis d us gratc i i r yi ont t tmonyoft i or nt, nsr tng he ur ha t houl e e auton n el ng he esi he nf ma s' an ( t ti c te r d i notc i i c ti a ia em ii ton t Ove t chos no d 9) he ral our re n onsderng era n va lbl tgai hat ron e t t pr ent See Overt 976 So. at544o es . on, 2d 45. c puswiht sCou tOrù opel fl j- napplcai f pos-onvitonr i i saec t or t hi r - ry ieg'a pr i ton br tc ci elef n tt our o o h rc laea rviw wi r s e tt t ep rie tu g n o cam wh c wo l t lt e r te o ltr l e e t e p c o h e t n j d me t r li ih ud ol h h n tme1 flnghi f rlh aspetton.Se j2244( .l i undiputdt t u e st ld,Mr i br ii s edea abe ii e d) t s s e ha, nls ole . Overon' A EDPA st ut oflm iatonsexpied on M ay 1 2003. t s at e i t i r 4. W ih t cl k r ng,M r O ve t di notll a a i aton f pos - onvi i r i t he oc unni . ron d ie n pplc i or t c cton elef i saec r u tlAp i3 s 0 3.b rl 0M oin'. 1 ï1 - 8 1.At h tt ,h e n tt ou t ni rl 0 2 0 (t i 3 Ap t ' (Dl 3 1 8 ) t a i tr e o ) me hu e f ly one ofM r O ve t st e hu ed s xt f v da had pa s d. Thi l ' M r ndr d i7 t . ron' hr e ndr i y- i e ys se s el . l Ove t wih onl f t e da t fl hi f de alha spe ii onc t lm iatonscl k ron t y oure n ys o ie s e r bea tton e he i t i oc be n r ng a i O fcour e.f M r O ve t t hav t e f t e da l ti hi ga unni ga n. s or . ron o e hos our c n ys ef n s lmiai nspe i hi Aprl30 M oton mus havebe wpr ry tld' a -pe ng. i t to rod, s i i t en t ope l ie - nd - ndi ' ' (n J ) une l 2003, he cic tc ts r ck M r Overon' Aprl30 M oton f om t r cor 2, t r ui our t u . t s i i r he e d be us iwa teg l i ufii . (DE l l 4qa 1 .'' c tgrntdl vet tl a ca e t s t aly ns fcent' I 3- 9 t 2) lhe our a e ea o 'e n l ' i k me dmotononorb or J y 11 2003. (#. 17 . OnJ y 1 2003,Mr Ove t fld s ndc a i ef e ul , 9 / at ) 5 ul 0, . ron ie a a nde Rul 3.51m oton.('u1 1 M oton') f J y 1 M oton wa a s sr ck fom n me d e 8 i i y 0 i '.'he ul 0 J ' i s lo tu r terc d b c u e-h M oi nwa n tsg e b teDee d n u de o t . (DE 1 1 8 a h e or e a s ' e to s O in d y h fn a t n r ah' L 3- 9 j t t 20) Thec t ai grntdl vet fl a a nde moton.(d.a 20) M r Overon' . our ag n a e ea o ie n me d i l t . . t s a ende m oton wasdu Oct r 31 2003.The cour not t i he D e enda ' orgi l m d i e obe , t ed hat ' t f nt s i na M o i ha bee ll d tm el nd,pr s abl D e-nda a Cou elha r s ved a / ton d n i e i y.A e um y, l nt nd e ns ve e ol nd or w ilr s ve a i s t tw oul pr entt D e e l c ol ny s ue ha d ev he f ndantf om m e tng t ne f lng dea i .' r e i he w ii dlne ' (J. t20) / a . On Ocobe 30,2003,M r Ovet tldas onda nde motont vac t j dgme t r . ron ie ec me d i o ae u nt 8 a s tnc (- obe 30Moton* .Mr Ove t riedt l cai :()ac s t fl a nd ene e. oct r i '3 . ron as weve l ms l ce s o ies nd ) r c dst twe e i pos es i ofsat age e wer i pr rywihhel i vi a i ofFl i e or ha r n s son t e ncis e m ope l t d n olton orda Rul ofCrmi Pr e e3. 2.(1 tilc e f ie t adc t l i si t/ e r a e i nal oc dur 85 . 1) ra ouns l al d o qua ey nve tgae pr pa e c eandc le teStt sc s duei pa4t t a tonsoft ti cour a t Stt;(1) as halnge h ae' a e n l o he ci he ral t nd he ae 11 t Stt c he a e omm it d Br y4a Gi i vi ai and ti c ns wa i fkc i f t e f iur te ad nd glo3 ol tons ral ou el s ne t tve or h a l e t p ee thi d rn t etil(V) h Stt i r p ryu e J me Zine ( al o s o rs n t s u i g h ra; 1 t e ae mp o el s d a s e tk aj ih u e if r n ) sa u dico e a e t) lw e f re n ; V)Ov ro wa p eu ie b n o ma t a n n s ls d g n ( a n o c me t ( f e tn s rj dc d y pr-ndit tdeay;( )ti c e opcr e undc a acu c lc ofi ees'( l a ei cmen l Vl ral ouns l atd r n tal onlit ntr t V1) n . i ope j yi tuci wihr r t expettsi mpr r ur nsr ton t egad o r e tmonywasusddurngtil ( l)t r e e i ra; Vll he ul p o iiigatr e sfo itr iwigj r r prv n e til o n e fo b i ge fcie (X) r hbtn to n y r m n evc n u o s e e td ra c u s l r m en fe tv ; l tevoi dieb tilc elwa i oper ( t combi tonofer spr ent afi til h r r y ra ouns s mpr ; X) he nai ror ev ed ar ra; ( )til o n e wa ie fciet tefiu et obe to tei r d cinof i - ard XI ra c u s l s n fe tv br h alr o j c t h nto u to tmeb re o- n e ; n ( 1 Ov ro ss ne c wa u c n ttto a u d rRif.(n Mac 2 . 0 4, le s s a d Xl) c tn- e tn e s n o siu in l n e n ) r h 6 2 0 a f Sl/7eai wa hed.r tilcour or rd a evi ntayhc rngonCl msI,l V.a f- h rng s l 'he ra /t dee n de ir a i ai l V, nd On Oct r8,2004.M r Overon fld a t r ame obe . t ie hid nded moton f posconviton r i i i or t c i elef n 3D ef e couns al o fl d a notc of flng t i ude a p t pha e m ii ton c ai . ens el s i e i e i i o ncl cnaly s tga i l m M r Ove t r us t c tl t s c ai asr r d by Fl i 1 w butpos c . r on ef ed o eri' hi l m y equie or da a t onvi ton c c i ouns l e l t r fs in lyo l ae t riet ecam n n tee s (ll 1 - 0 1a 7 .OnDe e e 1 , klp o e so al bi td o as h li o eh ls. 1)f 3 2 0 t ) g c mb r 2 2003,t c tsr k t u wor cl m. r 1 2021a 38) he our tuc he ns n ai (DE 3t . 5Gi i v Unie St e 405 U. 1 ( 972) glo , td ats, S. 50 1 . tRi v Arz ' ng . iona,536 I . 58 ( . S. 4 2002) J . 7lbt .St e, So. 98 ( a.1 . - fv at 622 2d 2 Fl 983) l 9 wher hepr s nt Cli X1l whih aleg t tti lc e e e ed a m l, c l ed ha ra ouns lwasi t tve f t f l et e nefkc i or he aiur o r qu ta Ri har onbhe i '' ti lcour de e a evi i y hea i on t s cl i .'he e es c lî arng.lhc r a t ni d n dcntar rng hi a m l ' cvi nta- hea i on Cl m sl .1 V ,a V 1be n on Nove be 1 200 a c i d de i l y rng ai l V, nd ga m r 5, 4. nd ontnue untlN ove ber 1 2004.On Fe ua y 1 2005, he t i c ti s a or rt tde ed i m 7, br r 4, t ral our s ued n de ha ni posconvi ton r le on al ofM r O v t s c ai s t c i ei f l . eron' l m . Durng t pe nc oft O c ober30 M oton, r O ve t a s fl d a m oton f D NA i he nda y hc t i M . ron l o ie i or tsi on Aprl 200 (e tng i 4. 4. ' DNA moton-) TheDNA m oto lld puruantt)Rul 3. Fl . i '. i n ie s ( e 853. a I Crm .P. ough t t s i ofs r lp e ou l unt se ie sofe denc On M a l t. i s t he e tng eve a r vi sy e t d tm vi c. y 7. 2004,heti c tis a or rt tdenid, n pa',a gr nt i par,t moton f DNA t ral our s ued n de ha e i l nd a ed, n t he i or t t si OnAugus 1 2004,M r Ove t fld a s ond motont tr sed DNA t tng of e tng. t 0, . ron ie ec i ha eque t esi t har ata dt t t us dt bi Susn Macvor(be ond DNA moton') (nAugus he is tche o he ape e o nd a l - c s i '. ) t 1 200 t t i c l de ed t s cond DN A m oton. M r O ve t tm e y appe e t de al 9. 4, he ral ou - ni he e t i . r on i l al d he ni ofhi moton f posconviton r i nd posc c i DNA t tng.Ov r on,976 So. a s i or t c i elefa tonviton esi et 2d t On appe lfom t dc alofpos c a r he ni t onvi ton r lef M r O ve t a gue l cl m s w ih c i e i , . r on r d bur ai t muli es cl ms:1 nol11a f re dentar heai (1 i fci as itnceofti tpl ub- ai () t1 nd ai vi i y rng, 1) ncfe tvc ssa ral cou el (1)Br y vi atonsa (vlmpr s ma y de a ofs r cli s Ov t 976 ns , 11 ad ol i nd I i oper um r nil eve al am . eron, So. a 536- ( n ap a fom t de alofpos convi ton DN A t s i M r O ve t 2d t 67. ) pe l r he ni t ci e tng, . r on a sre l a tona cai :()admisbiiy ofe de ,(1 r a ona epr se td bur ddii l l ms I s i lt vi nce 1) e s bl obabiiyof lt a quit orls e s e ,(1)evi ncefom t rcor and(V)e ilmentt ane de ir c tal e s r entnce 11 de r he e d, 1 ntte o vi ntay hear ng. I addii on Febr ' 8,2006,M r.O vert fl a petton l w rtofhabeascor i n ton, ual y on ied ii br i pus 8Ri chardson v St e 246 So. 771( a.1 1 . at . 2d Fl 97 ) . 1 0 wiht Fl i Supr m eCour.rhehab spe ii a gue t cai wih muli es t he orda e t l ea tton r d wo l ms t tpl ub- cli s ()i fe tveas it eofappe lt c e and (1 Ri andAppr ndivi ai n wih am : l ne f c i ssanc lae ouns l 1) ng e olto t t de t pe t saut The Fl i Supr m eCour c i r t t posc ci a al he a h naly t t e. orda e t onsdc ed he wo t onviton ppe s a t p ii f wrtofhabe sc pu sm ulane l Ov ron,97 So. at536.On nd he etton or i a or s i t ousy. e t 6 2d Nove r29. mbe 2007. hec tde ed r le' a1 ofM r Ove t scli .Se i A moton f t our ni e ifon l . ron' a ms e d. i or r ehearng wasdeni on Febr y 25,2008. i ed uar W hiehi ap a and ha speii waspc ng a t Fl i Supr m eCour,M r l s pe l bea tton ndi t he orda e t . Ove t fld a s ce svem o i f posconviton r i - s d on newl dic r evi ce ron ie uc s i ton or t c i eletba e y s ove ed den . -hemotonwa tldJ 1 2006,I 1 3l 1 andwaspendi f al tsxy r whe l i s ie une 6, DE 3- 2- 3j ng or mos i eas n t tilcoul hel a e de ir he rng.l 1 3291 (nAprl1 201 t cicuic r he ra ' d n vi ntay ai DE 3- . ) t i 0, 2.he r t ou t de edr i .(1 :1 3271a 1 1 .Mr Ove t tmel appe e t t ll i SuprmeCour. ni elef (91 3' t - 7) . ron i y ald o he 7orda e t Th a alwasde e onAugus 8,201 Se Ov ron,1 So. 1 ( 3lunpubls d e ppe nid t 3. e e t 29 3d 069 zol t ihe opi on) Re arng wasdenid on Oct r31 201 ni . he i e obe , 3. (nNov ) embe 8, 3.Mr Ove t tl hi PettonUnder28U. C.j2254f W rtof r 201 . ron 'ed s ii i S. or i lab sCor By aPe s i St eCu t wih t sCour. The tm el ebe wee t de al ' ea l pus r on n at sody t hi t i aps t n he ni ofr he rng a t Fl i Supr Coul a t e llng oft i t Pe ii waseghtd s l e a i t he orda eme ' nd h -i t i he nsant tton i ay . f Mr Ove t sAprl30 M oton wa pr ry fld and pe ng,hi Pe ii wa tme y fl wih . ron' i i s ope l ie ndi s tton s i l ied t s x da t s r . The e or ,a û ope l fl d' pos c i ys o pa e rf e b pr ry ie ' t onvi ton m oton t ndi 'i t s a e ci i û pe ng' n he t t cou tw oul r nde hi Pe ii tm e y f l d. r d e r s tton i l ie i perl Fied' 6 pro y l ' Alhough t f der s a u e doesnotde i -pr ry tl d, t Su e e Coul ha t he e al t t t tne - ope l 5 e ' he pr m ' s t c tue t e wor t mea s t ng dif e tom onsr d hos ds o n ome hi fer nt i ' pendi -SeeAr u v Be t 531 ng.' t z . nnet, 11 U. 4( S. 2000)Pac v. Guglemo, U. 408( ; e Di il 544 S. 2005) . Spe i i aly,t n ap i ton i tpr ry t l d'w he is de i r a ac ept nce c fc l t a plca i s ope l i e n t lve y nd c a a ei c planc wiht applca e lwsa r e gove ni tlngs'Aruz r n om i e t he i bl a nd ul s r ng ii . t , ' 531 I . at8,1 1 S. . t364. Ar uz Cour expl ne t tt l w sand r es . S. J 2 Ct a The t t ai d ha he a ul a tflngs- ual pr c i ,f exa e t f m oft docume ,t tm e bou ii s ly es rbe or mpl, he or us he nt he i lmisuponisdelvey g t cour a ofiei whih imus bel d.ai t t i r andl he t nd fc n c t t odge .. ' / at8,1 1 S. . 364. or ove ,a a i a i t tw asenone l a ce e J. 2 Ct at M e r n pplc ton ha - ous y c pt d wihoutcom pl ng w ih pr e alr qui e en s wilbt pe ng,buti w ilnot t yi t oc dur e r m t l l ndi t l be- ope l tld. / a 9,1 1S. .a 36 ' pr ry ie ' J. t 2 Ct t 4. ' Degt c v Fl. p 't '-r. 3 1F d. p 4 ( 1hCi. 0 ) ltdie . a De t? (t r, 5 e Ap x. 25 1 t r 20 9 . i /. ? l Wr l t Supr m e Cou ta tcul e t e di f r nc bc w e c ai s f r i whi h a e n /f he z, e r ri at d h fe e e t en l m or elef c r denid on pr e r lgr e oc du a ounds(. :pr e aly ba r c am s and pr e a r e s tng f ' ie. oc dur l red l i ) oc dur l uls eti olh t c tonst llng.See// a 1 11 r Fl R.Crm.P.3. ( )gov nst - ia i or ondii o ii t t 0- .He e, a. 7 i 851 e er he - c ton appl moton'butnott i vi alcli sas e t d wihi t a iaton. ' r e cea l utlze i ' he ndi du am s re t n he pplc i g rhe ul l ry ii s ' nd'i r quii t ta lfves s c i mus be c - - n e rng ha l i ub- e tons a t ompled wih whe flngan i ta pos i t n ii nii l t c ci moton.Se Fl R.Crm.P. 8 ( .Appl ngt eprncpl ,M r Ove t s onviton i e a. i 3.51e) yi hes i i es . ron' 9ll i Rul ofCrm i Pr e e 3. ( )r quie t ta i ta moton f 'orda e i nal oc dur 851 e e r s ha n niil i or posc c i r i s lbe u t onviton elef hal nderoah and s l i ude: t hal ncl ( ad srpin o t ej d me ta ds ne c u e atc a dten meofh A) e c ito f h u g n n e tn e nd r ta k n h a te c tt tr nder d t s our ha e e he ame; ( asaeme ofe chis erie onappe a t dipostonterof B) tt nt a s u asd al nd he s ii h e ; ( t naur oft r i s C) he t e he elef ought ; ( a deaied a lga i olt f c ua bassf anycl m f whi a evi nta y D) t l le ton 'he a t l i or ai or ch n de ir hearng i sought and i s , ' ( adet ld alegai a t t ba i f a pur y lgalorc tt i cli E) aie l ton s o he s s or ny el e ons iutonal am f w hi h an evi ta y hea i i notr quied a t r as t tt scl i or c den i r rng s e r nd he e on ha hi a m c d notha be o wasnotr i e on die ta oul ve en r asd r c ppea l Aprl3 M otonwa û ope l tld'f pur e ofj2244( ( be aus hi moi comple i 0 i s ù ry -e ' or pos s pr i d)2) c e s ton id wwiha1t û c nialr est taee orea ebyclr .'SeeBr v Se >,De 'q ' b t l he me ha c ul ha r nf c bl eks-' own . c p t/ Co r, 3 l.d 1 35( lhCi. 00 )h dn t t moi nta i rj ce f rfca r .5 0 D3 3 1 t r 2 8( o1ig ha a to h t s ec td o a il i ufs e y orlckofs ii iyi tpr ry tld f AEIPA t lng pur e ' . ns lcinc a pec fct s - ope l ie or I oli pos s.) ' 'hi de e m i ton i c i t tw ih El vent C ic tpr c ntr ga di c r a n l s t r na i s onss en t e h r ui e ede e r ng e t i ' poce a flngrquie s Se A/ çykv Alen,548F. 993(11hCi.zoo8lva ae on r durl ii e rment. e z c? . l èl 3d t r t c td ot rgr he oundst nverfedpeiindi notti rt t lngpr sonsofj2244( ( ) Si e v lu ii tto d rgge he oli ovii d)2); bly . Culie 377 F.d 11 ( lh Ci.200 (-' smpl f c t tSi e m a ld s hi t t lv rs 3 96 1 t r 4)'l i e a t ha bly ie omet ng o he 'he c u'i s r l is f ce t otig rj2 4 d)2)st ln p o iin-a dHu ly p Mo r , 3 o l s u ey n u t in t rg e 2 4( ( ' ol g r vso ' n re . o e 2 3 t i i ) l. 1 ( 1h Ci.2000)- t rt tl apr rys n moton, ly chos t move f -3d 295 1 t r ' (b he han ie ope l wor Ra i Hure eo or r he i oft de a oft dei i moton.Bec us Hurey' sa epose arng he nil he tcent i a e l s tt tconviton m oton ci i wa no pr ry fl a cor ng t t sa ec tsa ia i oft wrte oat r quie nt s t ope l ied c di o he tt our ' pplc ton he it n h e r me , t one- a saut oflmiai unde t AEDPA i nott ld') He e,hedeer nai t t he ye r tt e i ttons r he s ole '. r t t mi ton ha Mr Ov ro ' mo inwa lg l i s fi in wa ma ebyt ej d ea dt u wa n t' . et n s to s e al n u lce t s d y h ug n hs s o$ a m ec ni a r e c or ca e b cl r .' J. t 1 ha c l ul nf c bl y e ks ' / a 337.A sa r s t M r O ve t s m oton was e ul. . r on' i ' ope l tl d' f AEDPA t lng pur e on Apr l30, pr r y i e - or oli pos s i 2003. i ndi ' i pe ng ' Howeve -M r Overon m us al o s r . t t s how t thi pr ry f l d a i ton f s a e pos ha s ope l ie pplca i or t t t c n it no oh rc lae a r ve wi r s e t otep rie t u g n o cam wa o vci r te oltrl e iw t e p c t h etn n j d me t r li s o h ' pendi ' Spec l c ly. he i s h e i w he he t Apr l30 M oton w a - di -ort ng. ' ii a l t s ue er , s t r he i i sû pen ng' he f pur e ofj22 d)2)durngt pei oftmet tt Aprl30M otonwassr k(tnel pos s 44( ( i he rod i ha he i i tuc Jl 2- 2003)a whenhi J y 1 Motonwa tl ' nd s ul 0 i s ied. oThetmeperodfom J nel 2003t J yl i i r u 2, o ul 0. 2003 i t r ev ttmeperod bec us whe M r Ovet lld hi Aprl30 M oton-onl s he el an i i a e n . ron ie s i i y f te da r ne i t l r llm ia i pe i l t Aprl30 M oton c as t be oure n ys emai d n he kde a i ttons rod. f he i i e ed o w ndi ' onc i was sr f om t r c d,M r O ve t s f r lha aspetton w asdue on pe ng ' e t tuck r he e or . ron' ede a be ii orbe or J 26, f e une 2003.The e i nodou t thi Peii wasnottl d on t tda e. i s i r s bt ha s tton ie ha t At s ue s whehe t r wa apr ry fl moton t ndi 'i t sa ecou' t t lt lm ia i t r he e s ope l icd i ù pe ng' n he tt ls o ol he i ttons t pe i rod. Acc di y.t di pos tve que to i :w he doesa a i a i f St t or ngl he s ii s in s n n pplc ton or a e posc ci o ot rc ltr rvi ce s t bei tonviton r he olaeal e ew a e o s ng'f pur esofj 4( ( ? pendi 'or pos 225 d)2) '' Unie Stt sSu e Cour hasnotdie ty a es e t is TheElvent Cicui has l he t d a e pr me t r c l ddr s d he s ue. e h r t c i r d alke- nde butnoti ntc is a de e m i d t tavol a iy dimis d sa e onsde e i mi d de i al s uc nd t r ne ha unt rl s s e tt ha aspe ii di nott lt lm ia i pe i be us - h e w a not ng f t s a e c tt be tton d ol he i t tons r od ca e ' cr s hi or he t t our o t -onsde -u i he ll hi s ond sa ehabe sc pu cli 'a tt r wa not ng b c i r ntl icd s cc tt a or s am ' nd -he e s hi pendi ng' beor t saec r durngt ti ei l pe i 'Sttàr p.Thomps 328F. 1 1 f e he tt ou t i ha ntrm l rod. ql d ' on, 3d 302, 305 ( 1hCi. 1 t r2003) TheCour tndst l coft sa l i pe s i . ti he ogi hi nayss ruasve. l,lke M r St f or M r O v t s A prl30 M oton w a notgoi t be c i r d o f i . a f d, . eron' i i s ng o ons de e r r vi wed b t ti lc r be aus t Aprl30 M o i ha be sr k fom t r or i was e e y he ra ou t c e hc i ton d en tuc r he ec d, t i s K pr ry ie ' c us t ie t t n 1 M r Ov t sJ y 1 M oton wa not' ope l tld'be a e i wastld wihou a 0 . eron' ul 0 oah sgne byMr Ove t Se Jone T Se ),De 'r ('r . Fe Appx.945,951( 1h t i d . ron. e s ' c ? p t#''?r.499 d. . ( 1t Ci.201 . l wassr fom t r or by t ti c t Howe r t e diposton oft J y r 2) t tuck r he ec d he ral our. ve , h s ii he ul 1 M oton i ofltl c e 0 i s ite ons quen he e be aus i t e Apr l3 M oton w a nottpe ng' afe i ce r c e f h i 0 i s - ndi ' t r t wassr k fom t r cor t lm iatonsperod woul hav a r a e r d bef et J y 1 tuc r he e d, he i t i i d e le dy xpie or he ul 0 M o i w a e rll d. l i not o t howeve ,t i he J y 1 M oton w a i ende t ton s ve i e t s ew r hyr hat ft ul 0 i s nt d o - ene 'o -r l t bac ' o t A pr l30 M oton, tw oul notha done s be aus i l c a - w' r ùe a e k' t he r i i i d ve o c e t a ked tmel oaha wa no pr ry fldasi eprtdbyt AIIPA. .trt' . cl,De '0 i y t nd s t ope l ie ntr ee he tI See7?/? v Se y p tj' A ' (or .499 Fe Appx.945,951( 1hCi. 2) - r, ' d. 1 t r 201 . notbpe ng. 'he me isoft Aprl30 M o i wou d notbe r vi d. Ra he ,a a e d - ndi ' l '' rt he i ton l e cwe t r n m nde motonwa goi t beconsde e i nd whe onewasfld. l r Ove t ha de de t i s ng o i r d. fa n, ie fM . ron d ci d o no fl a a t ie n mende moton ( lld a s ond f cily i ufi e posc cton moton a d i or ie ec a a l ns lcint t onvi i i s ha nedher) t r wasnot ngs tntvef t Stt t r s ppe e,hee hi ubsa i or he ae o epondt andnot ngfrt o hi o he cic tc tt r viw. Logi dit t t twhe t Aprl30 M oton wassrc n fom t r ui our o e e c c aes ha n he i i ti ke r he r or t m o i wa no l rbpe ng. ec d, he ton s onge ' ndi ' ' '' Cour r cogni st tt sfndi c r c sasse cour i t cic t W he f c l he te ze ha hi i ng ontadit it r t n he r ui. n a ed wih a sm ia s toff c s t Norhe nl ititofFl i ca t adif r c uson. e t i lr e a t , he t r l src orda me o fe ent oncl i Se Pee s v Jone ,201 W L 1 677,*7( D. a. 5)'Gi npeii ' tmel tr on . s 5 061 N. Fl 201 (- ve ttoners i y a en e t t sat c r tc ts or s rki pe ii ' i talRul 3. m oton di n m dm n , he t e icui our ' der t i ng ttoncr s nii e 850 i d ot e t p oce di i t cic tc '.) nd he r e ngs n he r ui ou1 ' .Howe .t Cour doesnotc i rPe e s tver he t onsde t r on bi ngore n pe s svef s ver lr as . Prm a iy, heCou tdia e wih t pr m ie ndi ve r ua i or e a e ons i rl t r s gr es t he e s t e t hat ven hought m oton wassr k fom t r or t tac i di nott t he i tuc r he cc d,ha ton d b he end pr ee ngs-j2244( ( i sl a ti oc di 'bengpendi l oc di . ' d)2) s icnt bou ù ee ngs' i pr ng.lThes cii sautr pe tc tt oy ' lngua r er t at ope l tl a iaton j rSt epo - onviton orot rcolatr a ge ef s o ' pr ry ied pplc i b at stc c i he l e al . rz/l wihrs e t otep ri e t u g n o cam i p n i g' ej 2 4 d ( )e a i t ct t e p c t h etn n j d me t r li s e d n . v ' 'Se 2 4 ( )2 (mph ss ad . ded) M or r Petr onrle he l onC- e v Saj ds536 U. 21 ( eove, e s eis aviy ary . jàl S. 4 2002)butCary e h d t tt t r el ha he e m - ng'asapple i j pendi ' id n ' 2244( ( apple t t tme bewe t r i of d)2) i s o he i t en he ulng 3 The N o t r D i ti tof Fl i a 1 r he n sr c or da ppea s di de on t s i s e. Se Sm ih v Bus , r vi d hi s u e t . s 2201lW L 81 57 ( . . a. 1 (- lm ia i perod wa t ld untlJ ne 1 2008,t 81 N D Fl 201 ):The i ttons i s ole i u 0, he da e t s a e cic tc tr nde e is de i i s rki Pe ii ' Rul 3. 50 m oton a t he t t r ui our e r d t c s on ti ng ttoners e 8 i nd pe mitnghi t tl an a r ti m o ie mende moton. lmia i pe i t n r n f f t sx ( da d i The i t tons rod he a or ory- i 46) ys untlJ y 27.2008-when Pe ii fl an a i ul ttoner ied mende Rul 3.50 m oton.) d e 8 i ' ' t l rsa eca ta t llng tfa notc ofappe lt t hi rsae c t1 Se far -p,536 he owe tt tur nd he i i ) ic a o he ghe t t our.2 e a p I . a 21 The Cour fndsr i con Q' e i m ipl c be aus t tm eperod be we JS. t 39. t i elanc ar y s s a ed c e he i i t en whe aposc c i a iato i de ed a ano i ofa n t onviton pplc i n s ni nd tce ppea i fl a evey dif r ntfom l s ied r r fe e r t tm e perod be we whe a i uf i i ty pl d pos c he i i t en n n ns f c en l e t onvi ton a i ato wass r c n a c i pplc i n t i ke nd a e d pos c c i applca i m oton i t l d. W hc a del m nde t onvi ton i ton i s se n kndan pur ue a appe . s t s s n al hi a i a i m a r m a n bpe ng 'be aus t l e c tm a gr ntt or gi a i a i a pplc ton y e i i ndi ' c e he ow r our y a he i nal pplc ton t s poi i t ft edepe ngont out ome nt n he uur ndi he comcofhi a al-l nappe i notane s ppe .tA1 als w a i a i ' at r i i a r qu tt tt a l t cour or rt l e coul t g a t pplc ton-r he , t s e es ha he ppcla e t dc he ow r ' o r nt he t orgi la ia i ' (ar y.536 (. at230. J Ke dy,di s ntng) i na pplc ton. - e ' n JS. ( . nne se i . By conta t onc M r Ove t sA pr l30 M oton was sr ck,t l c c tw oul not r s . e . r on' i i t u he ow r our d r vi t mert oft cl msr ic i t moton a net rwoul a hi rcou'.W hen e ew he is he ai a s d n hat i nd ihe d ghe l t gr ntng t St e- moton t srke t ti lc tdc e M r Ove t smoton t fl a a i hc at s i o ti , he ra our ni d . roni o ie c rctdmoton;i tador rn hi t ll ana nde moton.( e()1 l 1 a 11 1 . ore e i nse deig m o ie me d i Se 1 7 3- 941 t - 8) Furhe , he a i abl s a e cou tr e pr de t twhe t t i c tg ant l ve t a end t r t pplc e t t r ul ovi d ha n he ral our r s ea o m b ti temo a tfi t fl a a n e mo in -h j d es al e m t en n c mpin u f h v n al o ie n me d d to ,' e u g h l d e h o -o l t s t a cai s b- ai a oragumen waved.' eFl.R.Crm.P.3. () 1.Theef e Mr l m, u cl m, nd/ r t i 'Se a i 851e( ) r or , . Ove tn ha t et rtl a a e ro d o ihe ie n m nded moton f t c tsconsde a i orhe wai d hi i or he our' i r ton ve s posconvi ton c a m s A c or ngl t cl m s m ade i hi Apr l30 M oton w e e n goi t t c i l i . c di y, he ai n s i i r ot ng o be c i r d on t i m e isby t c r tc t ons de e he r rt he icui our . Despie t i taton ola post t hc nii i ' convi i pr cton oceedi t A pr l30 M oton wasno l ng, he i i onger 1 Pet 2 erson al o r i heaviy on Fl i case l whi post ed M r.O vert sA prl s eled l orda aw ch dat on' i 30Moton. eS r r St e 971So. 75 (Ja.2007)a NelonJ St e,977So.d 71 i Se pe a . at. 2d 4 11 nd s ' at . 2 0 (-a 1 tDCA 2008) l1 . s . 16 pendi ' ofl 1 2003. A s s h, Ju 25,2003,M r O ve t sf der ls at e of ng' as une 2, uc on ne . ron' e a t ut lm iatonse r Ove t n ye spas e b or M r Overon' Pe ii wasfld i t sCou t i ti xpied. r e ar s d ef e . t s tton ie n hi r. A bs ts a u or t lng,M r O ve t s Pc ii i untm el en t t t y oli . r on- tton s i y. Howeve -hi i no t e oft mat r M r O ve t ha r i e enttem e t r t s s t he nd he te . . ron s a s d il nt o e tbl r le muli e gr quia e ci fon tpl ounds M r Ove t c endst tt Coul s d exc ehi . . ron ont ha he ' houl t us s f l et c ywiht sat eoflmiai .Se g 1 ) Ast ear nt aec c aiur o ompl t he t ut i ttons ( e DE 21. hos gume s r omplx a dwo l rq ieasg iia te p n tr of u iil e o re .h Co r h sd cd dt rviw n ud e ur infc n x e di e j dca r s u c s te u t a e i e o e e u t me isofhi cl mswihoutc i r ton oft equia e a gume sr ie by M r Overon. he rt s ai t onsde a i he t bl r nt a s d . t Se genealyLo nsv Ihomas 65 F. 1 1 5( 1hCi. 1)(k he rle i duet e r l ggi . ' , 4 3d 204, 21 1 t r201 tW n eif s o bede e e i cl m sa e notpr edur lyba r d, c s p ove t pr dur ba is s nid ven f ai r oc a l re we an ki r he oce al r s ue , a weha dones i t pas.) Afe c r f rviw oft peii a r ar es ofwhehe nd ve o n he t' . - r a eul e e ' t he tton nd eg dl s t r M r Ove t scli sa etme- rc t Cour wile c s isdic ei be aus i ha . ron- am r i bar d.he t l xer ie t s r ton c e t s deemi dt thhei eessofj tc woul bebetrsr d b addrs i t meis't tr ne ha - ntr t usie t d te eve y e sng he rt- han gh, 47 S. 98, 0 2006)( tng cii dimisng t petton astme ba r d,SeeD(pv M c s s i he ii i re ? . Donou 5 U. 1 21 ( . Gr r y v Gr e 481U. 1 1 ( 987). 'heCou tt nst t m e is anbe r . e r. S. 29- 36 1 ) I r ur o he rt . CLA I S A NI A PPLI B LE STA N DA R D S M ) CA M r O ve t sha . r on' beasc puspe ii i gove ne by t A n i''r or s a Efe i e or tton s r d he t - e r i m nd f ctv l De t Penat Ac of1 ( 1) ,Pub. 1 4- 3 11 Stt 1 1 ( 996)(odiid a ah ly t 996 AlIPA) ' L. 0 1 2, 0 a. 2 4 1 c fe t va i pr sonsi 'il 28 oft U. Code) whi sgnii a l c ng t sa r of rous ovii n lte he S. , ch i tc nty ha ed he t nda ds r vi t tf de a cou t appl i habe c puspr ee ngs Unde t A EDPA ,i a cl i was e ew ha e r l r s yn as or oc di . r he f am a j dc tdo temeisi saec ut h b a c r u r l f a o l b ga t di h sae du iae n h rt n tt o r, a e s o p s ei c n ny e r ne fte tt e c tsa jl c ton'e ule i ade sont twa c rr t ori ve a unr s bl our- d t ai - s td n cii ha s ontay o. nvol d n eaona e di r 17 a ia i of cea l e tbls d fder llw,a deer ne byt Supr Cou toft Unie pplc ton . l ry sa ihe e a a s t mi d he eme r he t d St es'or- es td i ade i i t twa ba e on a unr s bl deer na i oft f t i at ,' b ule n r c son ha s s d n ea ona c t mi ton he ac s n lgh oft evi nccprs nt i t saec t oc e ng. 28U. C.j2254( ( )( .Thi i t he de e e ed n he tt our pr e di ' ' S. d)1-2) s i a - x cigsa d r ' Ma a q' . c>, p' t t 4 2F.d 1 9 ,1 08( 1hCi. s n ' a tn tn ad. h r v Se De t fcor, 3 3 2 2 3 1 t r e ' . 2005) Puru t j225 d) )asaec tdecson i t onta' t -Supr Cour prc de t . s anto 4( (1, tt our ii s t r l o' c y eme t ee n i i - rve a aconcusonopp iet t tra dbygheSu emelCour onaquetonof ft ' i s t ar li ost o ha e che t pr t si l -or' onfont f t t ta e ma e i l i si s e fom ar l va Supr me Cour aw' k r s acs ha r t raly nditnguihabl r c e e nt e t prce ntandarvesa gnlgppostlr ul. Wilamsv Ta or 529U. 3 405( e de ri t a o ie es t' li . yl , ' S. 62, 2000) l .n ot wor ,t - on r r t 'pr me t t't sat c tsde i i m us bes bsa ily her ds he t ta y o' ong ans ha i he t c our' c son c t u t nta l difrntfom t r ev prc nt(1lheSuprmelCour. l fee r he el ant e ede )'t e t' d. ' W ihrs c t te' c onabl a iai - ong(fj2254(1( ) whihappleswhe t epe t o h b as unr e pplc ton-pr a ()1 , c i n asa ec ti nttest c r tlgalprnc pl butpur t y a i i i tt our de ii he orec e i i e poredl pples t ncon-c l t t f c s e ty o he a t bef r i,a f r ha s c t - houl a k whehe t sa e c ts applca i of cl ry o e t ede al bea our i s d s t r he tt our' i ton ea l e tbih dfd r l a wa o j cieyu r a o a e-/ .a 40 .Se alo Wigisv S t , 3 sa l e e ea lw s b e tv l ne s n bl. J t 9 e s g n . mi 5 9 s ' h I.. 1 . 2 - 1( 0 3 .Sin l a ty a - b e tv l u ra o a l a pl ai no fd rl a i . S 5 0 5 0 2 2 0 ) g i c n l, n - j ciey n e s n b e p i to f e ea 1w s J i o c difr tfom a i ore ta iaton oft r Iw,' W((d ir !.Vici t,537 U . l 24fe en r n nc r c pplc i kde al a . )) )) d ' s oti S. 9. 25 ( 2002) An ' e onabl a i ton'c a s oc i sat cour k e ona y e en , . - as unr e pplca i ' an lo cur fa t e t- as bl xt ds or unr unr as bl deci st e e a lga prnci e fom Supr Coul ca el t anew e ona y lne o xt nd. e l i pl r eme ' s aw o t c e .'Pumanv.Ie 268F.d 1 1 41( 1hCi.2001. ontxt' t lad 3 223, 2 1 t r ) Asnot a e,j225 d)2)p ovi sa aler tveave f r if Ha asrlefma ed bov 4( ( r de n t nai nuc or ele. be ei y be gr nt i t sat cour- de e m i i oft f ct w a unr a onabl -A s a e cour a ed f he t e t s t r naton he a s s e s e. - t t ts deemi tono1t f t,howe r i enildt deee e'unde j225 e)1.Se Maharj, tr nai 'he acs ve ,s tte o frnc ' r 4( ( ) e a 18 432 F. a 1 3d t 309.Thi mea t taf de a ha sc tm us pr s s ns ha e r l bea our t e ume t tl di o f tby a ha in ngs f ac saec ta ec r ct a ahab spe ii rm u tr tt our r ore ; nd, ea ttone s ebutt tpr u ptonbycl ra ha es m i ea nd c nenge de e.SeeHunfrv Sec#,De ' q 'Wr.395 F. 11 1 ( 1hCi. onvi i vi nc e . p t /c r, . 3d 96, 200 1 t r 2005) . Fi l wher a fder lcour woul t naly, e e a t ddeny r i unde adenovo r viw sa r r le elef r e e t nda d, ei f mus b de edu t muc nar AEDPA sa r ' Jqj r onv Founai 38 F. t e ni nder he h rower tndad. jè s . t n, 2 3d ' 1 286,1 n. ( 1h Ci. 4) Eve i heCou'bei ve t Fl i Supr me Cour' 295 5 1 t r 200 . n ft l le d he orda t e ts deer i ton t bean i r c one,unde AEDPA de e e e t ta o i note t m na i o ncore t r f r nc ha l ne s nough t gr nt o a h b a rle,h Cou'mus as tn t t'heei n p si l yfi- n e j rssc l a c s eif te l t lo i d ha ' r s o o sbit armid d u it oud t t i diage t tt saec r' decsonconfit wih ( ie St esSuprmeCou t prce nt. s re ha he tt ou ts ii lcs t Untd at e rj e dc s' lar i onv.Rihtr 1 1S.>.77 78 ( l.l ot rwor . ac tonf ro ani i rngt c e , 3 (t 0, 3 201 ) n he ds as ondii o bti ng ha a c pusr le fom a f r c t asae prs rm us s be s or ei f r ede al our, t t ione t how t tt sa e c tsr i ha he tt our- ulng ont cai bei prs nt i fde a c twa s l kig i si atont tt r wasa he l m ng e e ed n e r l our s o ac n nju tpc i ha hee . n e r welu sood a c pr he ror l ndert nd om e nded i e si lw be n xitng a yond a pos i lt f f imi d ny sbiiy or a r nde dia r e s g e ment e i ( mpha i a d) le e,M r ( ve t ha f ld t mee t sbur n. .Se d. e ss dde . - r l . l ron s aie o t hi de A NA LY SI S M r Ove t aS C f rcl msf l r lhab sr le .M r Ove t g oupe hi cai s . ron S RS ou ai or kde a ea e if . ron r d s lm b t t li s asoppos d t l alcli . Thi r u td i t Petton l c ng t ca iy y àc ua s ue e o eg am s es le n he ii a ki he lrt rquiedofa28U. C.j 4 peii Seege r l 28U. C.j2254 Rul 2( .Asbe tt e r S. 225 tton. ne aly S. e c) s he Cour c n di ce n-M r Ove t m ake f r c ai s f ha a r lef Fis .M r O ve t a gue ta s r . r on s ou l m or be s e i . r t . r on r s t thewas- rve ofhi c tt i rghtt af ra i ri j yduet t deni of ha ' i d dep s onsiutonal i o ai nd mpa talur o he al hi c le sf c e'a t t' ppe lt c ns lwasdefcinti f lngt c l s ha lnge or aus ' nd ha t lae ou e a i e n aii o halenget he 19 . t e t ha denilofc ngeolve eo die ta l'(DE 1 a 49) Sccond,M r Overonass rst the a ha - nu n rc ppea. I ) t . ' wa - prv d ofhi rg t t efkci as itnc oftila a l t couns land hi rght s k ie de s iht o he l tve ssa e ra nd ppelae e si s t a f rti lan du pr s ofl ..duet t a s i n ofu clabl DNA e denc a o ai ra d e oce s aw. o he dmis o nr i e vi e t ti . (d.a 66) Thid,M r Overon c e t thi ti lwasu elabl be aus hewas ral- 1 t . r ' . t ontnds ha s ra nr i e c e dep i d ' t e e f c i a ssa eofcouns lan ort St t - f iur t dicos m ae il rve - h fe tve s it nc of e d/ he a e s al e o s l e tra i a hm e evi nc a ort u eofi consse t isbe or dif r tf ctfnde si mpe c nt de e nd/ he s n it nt heorc f e fe en a -i r n difrntp oc e ngs'(J. 1 0) Fi l M rOv t sc ci a s e sa e fee r e di . / at 1 . naly, . eron' onviton nd entnce r ' ûunrla eduet t i fe tv a ssa sc ofc eli i siatngt ablbilijand - eibl o he nefcie s itnclil ouns n nve tg i he i sc o j ci gt t ep en it n d ly' n t a ' e yds ov rde i n es p o t Ov ro be tn o h r idcme t ea 'a d h t- wl ic ee vde c u p rs e tn s n c am sofi enc '(J.a 1 3) li nnoc e. / t 5 . ' 1 D c avat on ofC ons iutonalR i t a Fai Tr al . pr i tt i ght o r i l hi trtc am f f r ha sr i ,M r Overon a guest thewa de ed hi n s is l i or kde al bea elef . t r ha s ni s t ers wo or s gum . c tt inalrghtt af rtil(Dl 8 a 49) M r Overon ass t t basesf hi ar ent' onsiuto i o ai ra. r F 1 t . . - ( )t de a ofc e c le 1 he ni l aus ha lngesa ( appela ec clst l e t cha lnget de a oft nd 2) lt ouns ' àiur o lc he nil he m o i f c nge ofvenue on diec a al ton or ha r t ppe . A)De alo ni fcaus Chale s e lnge On J nua y 11 1 a r , 999,t ti oft St t ofll i vc s ThomasM ic lOve t he ral he ae zorda r us thel ron be n.(IE 1 72I t24) Prort t commenc me oIti ,t c thedahe rngt ga 1) 3- a . i o he e nt -ral he our l ai o dic sc t n s curt m e s est bc tkendurng ti l 'heStt and c r s c iy pr e e s us erai e iy a ur l a a i ra . l - ac ou t e urt es nt d t si y t M r Overon wa ahi rs i t duet t na ur oft c i esf whih he e tmon hat . t s gh ik nma e o he t e he rm or c wa ac s d-t c i e ofwhih hewaspr vi l c ctd,a aprore c pe at mpt The s cu e he rm s c e ousy onvi e nd i s a te . c tde e mi t tt i ur courr our t r ned ha o ns e toom s urt M r Ove t woul ha as k bel pl c d ec iy- . ron d ve hoc t ae 20 u d rhss i a dsln e s a kc o h sa klswhc weehid nfom tej r ' ve wiha n e i ut n i c d h e ls n i n e ih r d e r h u y s iw t e tbes it (l E 1 -4j t3 ) Ontefrtd yo j l s lcin aprs e tv j r p o o 0 a l kr. L3 36 a 2 . h is a f u' cc to . o p c ie u y o l f6 y p ro sweec l df rv i d r On o to ej r r wa lar Ru s l.Th d na o tec u e es n r al o or ie. e f h s u o s s ' ry sel e e il f h a s e l c aln et hi stiga aj r ri tes j c o t i cam.Ontes c n d yof u yslcin h le g o s i n s u o s h ube t f h s li t h e o d a j r ee to , ap o p ciej r p ol f3 a d t n l es n we ec l d.On o t s j r r wa W il m r s e tv u y o o 3 d ii a p ro s r al o e e f ho c u o s s li a le li Het i t s j toft scli - usen. oo s he ubec hi am. l Du i j r s lcin d fn ec u s ls u h t c aln eb t j r r frc u e tetil rng uy ee to . ee s o n e o g t o h l g oh u o s o a s ,h ra e c 'de ed t rqu ta c oul ni hc e es nd ouns ha t utlzeper or c l nge t e l t fom t cl d o ii empt y hale s o xc ude hem i stigo M r Ov ro ' j r .Ese t l . r Ov ro sag me th r i ta b c u eh h dt i n n . e tn s u y s ni l M . e tn' r u n ee s h t e a s e a o t ay e p n p rmpo yc aln e o j r r wh c sn udh v b e e cu e f rc u e h x e d ee tr h l g s n u o s ih l l a e e n x ld d o a s , e e o utmaeyddn t x ld tej r r h wo l h v l dt h vee c s dh dt s p rmp o y li tl i o e cu e h u o s e ud a c i o a x u e a ho e ee t r ke chal ng r i ed a t M r Rus el a M r l eu l n we eexcude l c e. le es ema n fer . s l nd , l sei r l d br aus ( ndie ta al t Fl i Supr m eCour de e t sc am . ) r c ppe , he orda e t nid hi l i lis. ag e wih t a l t tt sis wa pr ry pr e ved byti -rt we r e t hc ppelant ha hi s ue s ope l es r ' ral c e. T ote v St e,576So. 691 693(7a1 .Se ouns lSee r tr . at 2d , ll.990) cond,wenot t t e ha t pr i wih t sa g e ,Overon m us e t bls t tt ti lcou te r i o cval t hi r um nt t t sa ih ha he ra r red n denyi t c lenge f c us ast bot Rus ela He l n bec ts t ti l ng he hal s or a e o h s l nd usei a le he ra c tdi a d t def ns oneaddii pe e pt y c lng t er by our d war he e e tonal r m or hale e, h e r a i one oft per m p or c le epl c ng he e t y ha l ngese nde on e t rRus el o xpe d ihe s lr le l n. si s coul onl consiut r vt sbl e i wcconcl t att - usei Thi s ue l d y tt e e t i e nor f r ude h he til outerdi de yn t ec aln e a t bohofh s p tnil u o s S e ra c r re n n ig h h le g s s o t te e oe ta j r r. e , eg.Was np S ae 6 S 2 l 5 1 6 (Ja1 9 (bi c t etilu g g v . , to . t t, 51 o.d 1 9, l 2 l1.9 4) N n e h ra j d e a e s W a s onea tona pe e or c le ton ddii l r mpt y ha lnge, i noten il t r ve s lunl s he s tted o e r a e s b t j r r we ei r p rye c s d.l Co kv Stt- 4 So2 9 4 9 9 oh u o s r mp o e l x u e ' ; o . ae 5 2 .d 6 , 6 (7a.989)(u a et til udgegrntdt a lntsmotonf one ll 1 bBec us he ra j a e he ppela ' i or addii lcha l nge, pp l nti entte t hav hi c tona le a ela s il d o e s onvi ton r ver ed onl i ci e s yf h c n s o ta tej d ea us dhsds rto i r f sn t e c ebohj r r e a h w h t h u g b e i icein n eu ig o x us t uo s Se gi a Boan f rc us -) r o nd o a e. ' Aspr ousy notd,b aus t ti lcour gr nt d an e r pe e pt y i t s evi l e ec e he ra t a e xta r m or n hi c s i wasnec s a y f Ove t t esabls t tt ti c tere ast bot a e,t e s r or ron o t i h ha hc ral our r d o h Rus el a He l n t esa ihr ve sbl e r . ,eg. f'?'#, 1So. a s l nd usei o t bls e r i e ror See . , f( .?? 65 ?î t 2d t 1l Coo 5 So. a 969. t h we c udet t ti lcour s d 62: k. 42 2d t Alhoug oncl hat he ra t houl h e e e M r Rus elf cau e, do notr a h t s m econc uson a t av xcus d . s l or s we e c he a l i so M r He li Ac di y, ppe lnthasf l t dcmonsr t t tanyerora t . use n. cor ngl a la aied o ta e ha r so t si s w a r nt r ve s lf a ne t i . hi s ue r a s e r a or w ral t er o he son Ovet 3 St e 801So. 877-896( a. ) TheCour owesdef ence t t decii of ron ? at, . 2d Fl 2001 . er t s i y nough t ta ha t Fl rdaSupr me Cou tpur ua t t AID1A. L owev ,i i s m pl note he o i e r s nt o he I : l ' t r ha a pe ii rr ic ac am i t sae c t and now eha lngest sa ec ts kde al be s ttone a s d l i n he t t ours le he tt ourdc e mi tonoft tcli .'o be c za c,ape ii rm us lmishi cai si ape ii t r nai ha a m r ogni bl ttone ti t s l m n tton br htpuru ntt 28U. C j2254()t t ewheen ii al dt thei tn c t i oug sa o S. ' a o hos ri t s lege ha s i usody n i vi a i oft Consiuton orlwsorte tesoft Unie Stt s. ' si nots a c e. olton he tt i a r a i 'he t d a e - rhi s uch as '3 ca eper mpt r ch l nge a ea c e t eofsa ut a a k notr quie b t e Consiu i - e us l e o y ale s r r a ur tt e nd rl e rd y h tt toni i f t Stt t d e m i t num be ofpe empt y c l nge alowe a t dei e t r t s or he a e o etr ne he r r or ' hale s l d nd o fn hei pupos a t ma roft re riex Ros v.Okahoma. 7 U. 81( g88t ttons r e nd he nne hei xecs ' s ' l 48 S. l lciai omitd) te . kW er ogniet tf de all doesnotr quier ve s wher a de e û ec z ha e r aw e r e r al e f ndanti f c t s or ed o u cap rmpo yc aln eo aj r rwh s o l h v b e ds se frc u e' ( nJt cl . s ee tr h l g n u o o h ud a e c n imis d o a s . - :y /v e ' a p 111,De 't/('r .290f.d 1 8( 1hCi.zoozlcttonsomit .l e Ros veyclal 2(. p 1?'( r. ? ' 31 1 t r 3 tiai ted) ndc d, s r e ry a u nd nequi al saest ttt cha l rc z dt tpermpt yc l saenotof voc ly tt ha bwl ve ong e ognie ha e or halenge r c tt tona di i Gr y,s pr a 663-1 S. .a 2054.Swai v Al onsiu i l menson. a u as t 07 Cts t , n . abama,380 U. S. 202,21 85 S. .82 835,1 l. 2d 75 ( 965) Stlon v (nie k/ e 25 U . 583,586, 9, Ct 4, 3 -Ed. 9 1 . is . l t d hc/l, 0 S. , ' 40 S. . 29, l. d.11 4 ( 91 . Ros s487 U . a 88. Ct 28. 63 -l ï 5 l 9)9 s S. t Nonehees.M r Overonaset t thekse ildt fdealha srlef'(DI 1 a t l s . t s rs ha - ntte o e r bea ei . L ï 21 t i ' 22 25) Asde fo t ar m e bei c r r t f de all w,M r Ove t ha fic t a s r t t . i r m he gu nt ng ontay o e r a . ron s a ld o s e t ha t de a oft et ca ec lngesr ule i hi bengtid i fontofa bi e and he ni l hes wo us hale es t d n m i re n r as d p ril uy.M rOv ro d e n ti e tf asn l j r rwh s r e o h s u y-a o p s dt ata j r . e tn o s o d niy i ge u o o ev d n i j r s p o e o t t j r r a is eh r wh ddn tsr eo hsj l -whoh wo l h v e ld dha h he wo u o s s su ee o i o ev n i u' y e ud a e xcu e d e sil d pe e or chal nge l t l t a M r Ove t a gue ape x r e.Unde t sr es tl ha r mpt y le s ef. nse d, . ron r s r e ul r hi ul a til o r' f iuet e c s aj r rfrc u ewo drs l i r v ri l er ra e ta ys o n ra c uts alr o x u e u o o a s ul e ut n e e sbe ro bsn n h wig o p eu ieo ham .'h r i n lg ls p o tfrt i c n e to la e sr l fi d n e . f rj dc r r l e e s o e a u p r o h s o tni n. - b a ei s e id ' l e B)I ef cieAs itnc o pelt Co s l nf e tv ssa e fAp la e un e M r Ove t ss ond s cl m i t the wasdeni t e f c i a ssa eofa lae . ron' ec ub- ai s ha ed he f e tve s it nc ppe lt c e whe hi a lt lwy rdi notaseter ondicc a al(DE 81a 61 .M r ouns l n s ppelae a e d sr ror r t ppe , 1 t ) . Ove t a g t tbe us t pr -ra p i t wa tobvi on t r cor ' nd-l pe out ron r ues ha ca e he e til ublciy s b ous he e d'a tea d upon e n a ca ua r a ng oft t a c i ' a l t c ve s l e di he r ns rpt' ppela e ouns lw asi f e tve f f ii t r s e nc f c i or a lng o aic teis eo die ta al M r Overonc e t tkheei amor t n k ras bl h s u n rc ppe . . t ontnds ha i r s t e ha a1 e ona e pr ba lt t tt out o biiy ha he comeoft a lwoul ha bee dif e . (J. t65) Thef t do he ppea d ve n fernt' / a . ' acs nots uppor hi c entons t s ont i . OnDe e r30,1 deens couns fldaMoton f ChangeofVe (Dl 1 c mbe 998. f e el ie i or nue. g ? 3' 21Ia 23 .-'emotonrquesedt tt cour grntac ngeofvenue, i t aler tv t t t ) l h i e t ha he t a ha or n he t naie,ha t c u's mmo s uo sfo adfee t u idito f rM r Ovel n' ti l Th moin he o l u n j rr r m ifr n j rs cin o . ro s ra. e t t o a sredt t'gl pr tilpu i t i t sc s hasbee a i s e ensvet tt c se t ha tthe era blciy n hi a e n nd s o xt i ha he ommuniy t i M on o Count ha be n expos d t cic sanc oft ofe esher i cha ge s n re y s e e o r um t es he f ns en r d o perasvel t tprj c bisa prconc i dopi onsaet naurlrs t'(DE 1 21 a v i y ha eudie. a nd e eve ni r he t a e ul. 1 3- ) t ' 24) Ata he t t m o i we es ve ala tdavisfom at ne who we e r sde sof . t c d o he ton r e r fi t r tor ys r e i nt 23 M onr Count a who at sed t tt y we e'oft opi on t tt De e oe y nd te t ha hc r ' he ni ha he f ndantTHOM AS M . OVERTON c ud n t e ev afi a d i a t lra b j r r d a fo M o r Co ny, o l o r c ic ar n mp ri til y u o s rwn r m noe u t a Fl i '(DE 1 21 a 3 34) orda. I 3- 1 t 2- . ' -hewe k b or til def ec l ' e cf e ra , ens ouns r ie t is bu c e d t ùIu sand el a s d he s ue t onc de hat - ndert t tt k our i t etpesofmotonswoul npr lytkeunde a s men a sewha ha he cl t n hes y i d mal a r dvie t nd e t o c r a t ep riua j r s lei n'(lF 1 - 61 t5 .Th c u to ktemo inu d r c u s t h atc lr uy ee to . g)- 3 6 a ) e o r t o h to n e ' a s men a alonot d k ha wehaver l a e t c ewihi t c r ui fom t Uppe dvie t nd s e t t t e oc t d he as t n he ic t r he r Ke whe et e ofe e wer a lgedl c ys r h f ns s e le y omm it d t t lowe Ke di son i pa tt dea te o he w r ys vii n r o l wih s oft e is . (J.a 6) Prort ti l c els e e ed hi moton wih t ome hes s ues' / t . i o ra - ouns upplm nt s i ' t addii ne pape clppi oft pr -ra publciy.Agan, hec ts d i wa defri tonal ws r i ngs he e til it i t our ai t s e rng r ln u tl- i i aea datmp t s a aj r . (IE 1 - 2 a 2 ) Att b g n igo til uig n i- nt t n te t o e t u y' t) 3 7 1 t 7 . he e i nn f ra, we i ' de e ec f ns ouns lr ne d hi r ques f c nge4fve e e we s e t or ha nue.7he c tdenid t m oto tndi ' our e he i n i ng t td et t e- x e sv , x a sieq e to igo tej r r a dt eg a tngof a s ha u o h - tn ie e h u tv u sinn f h u o s n h rn i c u e e chalng lbealy't r wa noba i f acha ofvenue.(DE 1 -11 Ia 38) le es i r l -hee s ss or nge ( 3 4 t . 'h til g ni M o r eCo n y F o iawihj r r fo Mo r eCo ny Flrd .On l e ra be a n n o u t , l rk t u o s r m n o u t, o ia - d rc a p a, p elt c u s l i n tc aln et i ril yo tej r r.l hssae ie t p e l a p lae o n e d d o h l g he mpatai f h u o s n i tt e t ha spe ii M r O ve t a gue t ta la e c bea tton, . r on r d ha ppe lt ouns lw asi f c i f f ii t r s e nef e tve or a lng o ai e er .Afe ctngStik and ) Was ngt t Fl i Supr m eCour de ed r le . ror tr ii rc l , . hi on, ht orda e t ni ei f O v r on c en t thi a la e c e t ont ds ha s ppe l t ouns lw as i lkc i e f t f l e t e ne l t v or he aiur o pr s nton a a t i pr rdeni lofhi m oton t cha venue.F r cor ee ppe l he m ope a s i o nge 'he e d cl a l es a i hest tO ve t sti lc e ry t bls ha r on' r a ouns lr e eque t d a c ng ofve due t se ha e nue o al d pr ti lpublct Gene a l t d' e m i acha ofvcnue, het s i: lege era iiy. r ly, o e r ne t nge t et s ( l t rt ge r sacofmi oft i bia sofac W hehe he neal tt nd he nha tnt ommuniyi s t so if ce b k o e eo teicd n a a c mp n i p eu ie bis a d n e td y n wldg f h n i e t nd c o a yng rj dc , a , n p e o c ie o no sta j r sc l n t osi yp tte ematr o to rc n ev d piin h t uor oud O p sbl u h s te s u f t ei mi andty t ca e s c yon t e de pr s nt d i t c toom . h r nds r he s oll he vi nce e e e n he ourr 2d l1 1 quotng kcl' b l , at 44 ' ' k . Roli g v St e 695 So. 278,284 (7a.997)( i il' a. ilJ St e-3 ln , at s l r i on am oton f ac n ulng i or hang ofve ,t e nue he So. 1 1 8( a.977). 2d 276, 27 Fl 1 ) ti outs dc i t f l ng: )t e e a naur ofa prti ralc r houl onsdcr he olowi (1 he xtnt nd t e ny eral p b ii . n ( )tedf c l e c nee i a t al s lci gaj r Ro ln u lct a d 2 h if ut n ou trd n cu l ee tn u y. lig, y. i y y 6 S 2 a 2 5 Th a l yt s a a i rilu yi ahih p oiec s ma 95 o.d t 8 . e bii o e t n mpata j r n g - r tl a e y t be de monsr t d by et ra lc ofe rnscknowldg a ta e ihe a k xti i e e mong me be soft m r he ve r o , s ngs chknowldge, lc ofpa taiy./ (ii Oat v St e nie r asumi u e a ak rilt #.ctng s . at, 446So. 90, ( a1 ) M oeove,t e se eofprti publciydoes 2d 93 Fl.984). r r he xitnc eral i t notnec s a iy r quieacha ofve ,buti t a pr ti lpublciy s d be e s rl e r nge nue nse d. era i t houl exa i d i Ightoft f l ng f c or :( )when t publciy oc r d i m ne n i he olowi a t s 1 he i t cure n r lton t t tmeoft c i a t ti ;( whe hc t e publciy wasma ea i o he i he rme nd he ral 2) t r h it de upoffcu ori l mmaol sore ;( whehe t publciyf e te a tal nta t y t is 3) t r he i t avord h pr e tonssdeoft sor ( t sze(ft e c muniycxpos d t t os cu i i he t y; 4) he i ) h om t e o he pu i t a ( whe he t de e nte blciy; nd 5) t r hc f nda xhause a1 o1hi per mpt y t d 1 - s e or c le si s ai t j y.St ev Kni ,866So. 11 1 ( a2003) halnge n e tng he ur at . ght 2d 95, 209 Fl. . Fi ly ati c tsf l et gr ntamoton f a c nge o venuei r viwe na l, ral our' aiur o a i or ha f se e d u ranabus ofdic e i sa r Se Ri,r p St e 859 So. 495,511 nde e s r ton tnda d. e j a . at , e 2d ( a. F1 2003) l r t underyngcam t tt ti c terdi isdeni of .lee,he li li ha he ral our re n t al Ove t sm o i t c nge ve i wihou m e i be aus we c udet t ron' ton o ha nue s t t rt c e oncl ha unde t t pr t tt evaua et tr i t tilc r ' de a oft r he wo- ong es o l t ha ulng-he ra ou ts ni l he moton wasnota a eofdicr ton.l ,a lt couns lwa noti f ctv i n bus s e i 'hus ppela e ' e s nefe i e t t f l e t a s r t s i s e on diec appe . br he aiur o s e t hi s u r t al Ovet v St e.976So. 536.57l72(7a. ron . at 2d - il 2007) Lee,heFl i SuprmeCour r e d . lr t orda e teviwe t u l ngcai (. :hemoi f c ngeofvenue a f t tbe aus iwaswihout he nderyi l m /:.t ton or ha ) nd ound ha c e t t me i.a laecouns lcoul nothavebe i - tvef f lngt r ie anon- e io i rt ppe lt e d en neteci or aii o a s f m rt rous c a m . l ot rwor ,c l i n he ds ouns l sper-r a e w a notdetci t The Cour r e s t dec son e ' t m nc o s i en . t evi w he i i oft Fl i Supr me Cour f r as blnes asde e m i d by t AFDPA . he orda e t or e ona e s t r ne he The eca beno doubtt tt sc a m i gove ne by Sti k an v Was ngt Furhe . r n ha hi l i s r d rc l d . hi on. t r M r Ove t sc a m sar alo g ne by t def r nta s a r oft A ED PA . l . ron' l i e s over d he e e i l t nda ds hc n Sl c l ri k and,t U nied St t s Supr e C our s f t t t o- ong t s t ta c he t ae em t et orh he w pr e t ha onvi t d ce de knda m us m ee t de ons r t t thi or he c l nt t t o m ta e ha s r ouns r nde ed i fkc i as i t e. Fis . el e r ne l tve s sanc rt adee d n ' s s w t t o n e ' rp e e tto fl b lw a o j ci esa d r o fn a t- t ho ha c u s ls e r sn ai n el eo n be tv tn a d f mu r as bl s undc pr ii pr e sona n m s' Sti l 466 U. at688. Se ond. e ona ene s r evalng of s i l or . rckand. S. c a dekn nt' us s l da - t how t tt ei ar s bl pr ba lt t t butf couns ' unpr es i m ha her s ea ona e o biiy ha . or els of sonal er s t r s toft pr e di woul ha be n dif r nt' l a 694.The Coul defne a ror. he e ul he oc e ng d ve e fe e . d. t ' ' i s t t e ona epr babiiy'asone ' ufii t unde m i c i nc i t out ome. l And ' as bl o lt ' r % fcent o s r ne onfde e n he c ' d. ' Ili noten gh f t deenda t s t t er sha s c ci eefe tont it s ou or he f nt o how hat he ror d ome onc vabl fc he -- ou c t ome oft pr e ng. / at693.lolowi t e t e oft AEDPA-t Su e e he oc edi ' J. f l ng he nacm nt he he pr m Cour ha c arfe t R r c l d s a r as f l s t s l ii d he i k an t nda d olow : l Stikan t sCou tma cea t t- hepur eoft e lc i as it e n rc l d, hi r de l r ha ' t pos he f- tve ssanc e gua a e oft Si h Am e r nt e he xt ndme i nott i o t qua iy ofl l nt s o mpr ve he lt ega rpr e ai ..r lsmpl t ens r t tc i naldef nt rceveaf r e esntton . but i y o ue ha rmi enda s e i ai til- 6 U. , t 8 ,1 4S. . 5 Th s ttheb n h r f r u gn a y ra. 4 6 S.a 6 9 0 Ct20 2. u ,b j e c mak o j d ig n ' r ca m ofi fe tve sm us bew'che couns lsc li nef ci nes t ht r e - onduc s unde m i d t to r ne he pr rf toni oft a r a i lpr es t tt tilc nnotber i on a ope unci ng he dve s ra oc s ha he ra a eled s h vn p o u e aj s rs l. l , t 6,l 4 S. . 0 2(mp a i a d d . e a ig r d c d u t e ut-d a 68 0 Ct 2 5 e h ss d e ) Th ' Cour ac t knowldge t tkther aecountes wa t pr deefeci e d ha - j e r l l s ys o ovi f tve asit :i a gi ncae- a t t'l ve t bes ci naldeens at ne ssanc n ny ve s ' nd ha -el n he t rmi ' f e tor ys woul notde e apa tculrclenti t s m ewa -ll,a 689,1 S. .2052. d f nd ri a i n he a y.' c. t 04 Ct Cule v Pi str l 1S. .1 1 ( 11.TheCoul rvi M r Ovet scli ln . nhol e , 3 Ct 388, 403 20 ) ' c ews . ron' ams t bas d on t c ea l e t i he f r l w osvt i l and ispr eny w hie al o a yi e he l ry s abls d ede al a - t ck and S t og l s ppl ng def r nc t t saecour' de sonsa r quied byt AEI PA e e e o he t t ts cii se r he I Afe r vi t Cour tndst tt l ga sanda d a i byt Fl i Supr me Cou t tr e ew, he ti ha he e l t r ppled he orda e r i c it twih cla l esa ihe f de all s onssen t e ry t bls d e r aw. l a s sng a a la e a t ne s pe f m a e w e ar m i ult ttt Si h n s es i n ppe l t tor y' r ot nc . e ndf ha 'he xt Ame ndm e does notr quie a l e advoc t t r s e y non- rvol nt e r ppelat a es o aie ver f i ous i ' / at1130- .Rat an el ect ve ator wilw eed outweaker ssue.' J. 31 hcrs ' i t ney l f a gum e s e t r nt . ven hough t y m a ha m e i . e i a 11 . n or rt e t bls he y ve rt Se d. t 31 l de o s a i h prj c ,wemu tfrtrviw t meisoft omitdcli Seei at11 eudie s is e e he rt he te am. d. 32. Couns ' pef ma wilbedee p eu cali wefndt -heneglce els ror nce l med rj dii f i hatk t e td cli woul ha ar a ona epr biiyofs ce son a al'1 am d ve e s bl oba lt uc s ppe . d. ' Phimo ev.gchri,575F. 1 1 l 4- ( lhCi.zoogla yi wel- tbls d l r ' el V 3d 25 , 26 65 1 t r tppl ng lesa ihe Stikan sa r t i fe tveasit eofap laec e cl ms.l i axi tct t rc l d tndads o nefci ssanc pelt ouns l ai ) t s omai ha c nslc n o b d fce t o r iigan n- rtro so jci n Owe v S cèw? De 'o ou e a n t e e iin f r asn o meio iu be to . n . e p/ r p t f i Cor .568l. 894. 5( 1h Ci. r. J3d 91 1 t r 2009)(- t underyi cli lcksmei,L couns ' he As l ng am a rt 1 cl or he ti ha he orda e c nnotbedetcintf fii t r s i.) Theref e,t Cour tndst tt Fl i Supr me a i e or alng o aie t-. ' Cou tsl ga de e m i ton di notr s ti ade i i t twasc r r t ori vedan r' e l t r na i d e ul n c son ha onta y o, nvol unr a ona e a i a i of c e ry esa ihed f de all asdetr i d b t Supr me Cour e s bl pplc ton , l a l t bls e r aw. e m ne y he e t oft Unie Stts.Se 28U. C.j he td ae e S. 2254( ( ) d)1 . Furher whent sa ecoursha ale dy ans r d t quesi ofhow an is woul t , he tt t ve r a we e he ton s ue d ha be n r ol e unde t tsa e- 1w ha appe lt c ve e es v d r ha t t s a d la e ouns donewha t pe ii ra gu cl t he ttone r es hes d ha dones'e r ha sc t s d nots ond- st m on s h m at r ' houl ve if de al bea ours houl ec gues he uc te s' bec us 'ti af m e alprnci et tsae c ' a e t tnala bie sofsa elw . a e - s unda nt i pl ha t t ouls r he i i t r tr tt a ' Calahan v.Campbe l 427 F. 897,932 ( 1h Ci.zooslquot i ma ksom it d) - sa e' l l, 3d lt r t aton r te . ' t t s A i t r e ai ofisown lwsorr e pr desno bassf f r ha sc pusr le ,snc no n e pr t ton t a uls ovi i or ede al bea or e if i e qu ton ofa c tt i cs i ons iutonalna ur i i v - M cculou v Si e ar 967 F. 53 5 t e s nvol ed. ' l gh . ngl t y, 2d 0, 35 ( 1hCi.992) buntv Tuc er 93F. 735. ( lh Ci.996)(e alc t eneti ng 1 t rl ' l . k . 3d , 737 1 t r1 fder ours trani pe ii f wrt o ha ase pusm us f l t s a e c tsi t r e a i ofa s a e l w ttons or is f be or t olow he t t our ' n e pr t ton tt a a e a c tt tona vi ai . Gi n t t c tr ewedt f t a ma al l bs nt onsiu i l ol ton) ve hat he our evi he ac s nd de ega de e m i ton pu s ntt s a e l w - he Cou tr vi w st f c ualtndi w hi s ve t ba i t r na i r ua o t t a t r e e he a t s ngs ch er d he s s oft Fl i Supr m eCou tsl ga detr i ton f r s bl s . l t f t fndi he orda e r' e l e m na i or ea ona ene s f he acual i ngs we er as bl t M r Ove t i noten ild t f de a ha a r le . r e ona e,hen . ron s tte o e r l be s e if l den n t cam,heFl i Supr meCour c i rdt is :( )e en a n yig he li t orda e t onsdee wo sues 1 xt t nd n t r o a yprtil u lct a d( )dfiut e c u tr di a tal s lcigaj r . au e f n era p biiy n 2 ifc l n o nee n cu l ee tn u y y y Ove l 976 So. a 572- Fis,t c 'f ron, 2d t 74. rt he oul ound t tb hepublciy c it d oflr l t ha t i t onsse a gey f c ua a tc e ,r t rt n i l mm a o y sores-(J. t572) Alhough, hecou' a t l ril s ahe ha nfa t r t i . / a . t t l t a knowldge t t-hemaei di cont ns i l c e d ha t tral d ai omç nlammaor iemsi udi .( )ma oft t y t ncl ng' 1 ny he sore di mentonOve t spas ci nala tviya abur a ;( ades i i t Ovet t is d i ron' t rmi ci t s glr 2) crpton hat ron 't be ni toubl sncehewasayoungse';( adesrptont tOve t was -hadl e n r e i tr' 3) ci i ha ron i tttonalze f me a heat prblmsi t pat and( t DNA rs t esa ihedt t nsiui i d or ntl lh o e n he s' 4) he e uls tbls ha t r wasaone-n-i bilon c nc t ta hee i sx- li ha e ha nyonebutOve t c ron ommit t ci '(J. ted he rme. / ) ' lowe r not t t ndi t ti or a i t c tf - ve , wihsa ng ha nf m ton,he our oundt t-twa r a ona ef t ti l ha ' s e s bl or he ral i c tt c l t tt pr ti publct wa l r l f c ua ,r t t n i l our o oncude ha he e ral i iy s a gey a t l aher ha nlamm aor 'l t y.'3 Uli t l t cour c ude t tk hes f t sdo nots tma ey, he t oncl d ha i e acor t uppor t a s ri t tt ti c ' t he s e ton ha he ral oul t a e isdic e i i de ng t moton t c ngeve e. Se bus d t s r ton n nyi he i o ha nu - cond,t cour f nd t tt r he t ou ha he e wa n d f c lyi s lci t ea ta j r .b t t sa dngt a s mcp era p bii d d s o if ut n ee tng h cu l u y t wih tn i h t o rtil u lct i i No y e it ee t rc r e tbih st a t ej r r ween ts i k tdt a te c l n t osil xs h r ,he e o d sa ls e h t h u o s r o o nlce h t h y oud o p sby ' t emat soutoft rmi .'(J.a 573) A rviw oft saec t e or s put hes ter hei nds'' / t . e e he tt our r c d howst t ha t e f t dee mi i we er s bl hes acual tr natons r ea ona e. l t m o i f cha ofve ,de e ecouns la t he s ver lnewsa tcls n he ton or nge nue f ns e tac d e a ri e 1 The c t s f 3 our al o ound - uc oft s l r y f ct i or a i w a e n benei i lt z h hi a gel a ual nf m ton s ve m tc a o O ve t Fore m pl one ne s ron. xa e. w pape a tc e il ta e t tO ve t s DN A di notm a c wih r r i l lus r t d ha r on' d th t t DN A e de e fom ot runs ve m ur r .Thus i w a r a onabl f t t i lc l t he vi nc i he ol d de s ,t s e s e or he r a ou ' o t c u t tt pr t i publc t di notcom pl t y f vort p os uton' ve s on oft oncl de ha he e ral i iy d e el a he r ec i s r i he c e. (J. as ' / ) 28 rg r igtemu d r o t eM a lo sa d Mr Ov ro siv v me t (DE 1 - 1a 3 - )1 e adn h r es f h cv r n . etn- n ole n . I 3 21 t 540 . 4 The a tcesc ane i or ton whi i pa e M r Overon butas c tdou on hi bei ri l ont i d nf ma i ch ncul t d . t lo as bt s ng a et ha co mit s ac i Oneoft new a tclspoi ed outt tt swoul have bl o ve m ted uch rme. he ri e nt ha hi d be n outofc r trf M r Ove t whos crmi r or c it d ofbur a i butnot e ha ace or . ron e i nal ec d onsse gl res c i ofvi enc s h ar peorm ur .(J.a 37) The e wasa a tenala tc ewhe en M r rmes ol e uc a der / t . r n ddii ril ri . Ove t sb sga a i e viw t t e l alpape a expr s e how s m rs d s wast ha ron' os ve n ntr c o h oc r nd e sd u ie he o ve he r t theha be arsedbe aus bhl wasal av ynieandpolt pes '(J.. ad ha d en re t c e - e l ways er c ie ron. / ) Ano he a tcl publs wasentte -Acc e kilr sDNA does tma c wih ot r t r ri e ihed ild - us d le ' n' t h t he mur r '(J. t38) de s. / a . Ba e on t e r c d, he fct tndi Qft Fl i Supr me Cour we enot sd h e or t a uali ngs he orda e t r l t s r ha om he ws ril s i ed unr as bl 'heCour mus denyr i . W hiei i tuet ts eoft ne a tc e pant e ona e. l t t elef M r Ove t i a unf vor bl lght i i alo tuet ts . ron n n a a e i ; t s s r ha omedi not M r Ovet ha pr i d d . . ron s ov de noba i f t Cou tt gr ntt r ha sr lefon acli ofi le tve a ssa of ss or he r o a kde al bea e i am ne- c i s it nce f a lt c ppela e ouns lwhe t sa ec rsha f e n he tt ou t ve ound t tt unde l ng cai ha no m e i.A ha he ryi l m d rt l de a ha a c tma notis t wrton t bassofa sae' i e pr a i ofisown lws ' r l be s our y e s ue he i he i t t s ntr etton t a a r es a c e r cr msa sl Se Pule v.lar i,465U. 37.42( 984) nd ul . bsnt xteme icu tnce .s e ly l rs S. 1 . , k ulou v. n et y 967 1. 530.535- (1 t Ci.992) lIbe r ifi de c ko' l gh Sigl at '2d 36 1h r1 . a as ele s nid. i 1 Ce t n oft e doc 4 rai hes umen sa eil bl duct poorquaiy oft phot opis t r legi e o lt he oc e . Therfr ,t Co twasunabl t ra t m i t re iey.(eeI 1 21 a 35- . eo e he ur e o e d he n hei ntrt < DE 3- 1 t 40) % 1 l s e c r m s a es at a l uns 5 n om icu t nc , ot ly uppor a e c t uc i ofs a e 1 w by a s a e c ' t bl ons r ton tt a t t oul t wilb s j tt rvi byt t alc rs i t consr tonamount t a obvi l e ubec o e ew he kder out,f he tuci so n ous s e f t e de cons de a i ofa f r cl m .M u l s ) W ibur 42l U. 68 691n.11 ubt r uge o va i r ton ede al ai lane ' ' l s . S. 4, (1 . 975) I . Adm i s on ofU nr labl DN A Evi ne atT r al l si ei e de e i . M r Overon' s ond cli f f de alha sr leli t thi rghtt a f rti lwa . t s ec am or e r bea e i 's ha s i o ai ra s vi aedbcc us unr ibl DNA e de ewasapmit i oevi ncedurngti . 1) 8Ia olt a e ela e vi nc ted nt de i ral(IE t 68) M r Ove t a s t t e s ii ba esf t scl m . lis, ralc elt ld t pr r . . ron s ers hr e pec tc s or hi ai 'r t ti ouns àie o epa e f aFr nhea i t c le t r la lt ofDNA e de a t cons i de son or yel rng o hal nge he e ibiiy vi nce nd he cous cii madebyc elt notpatci t i t hcai consiutddetce perbr nce./ a 68) ouns o ri pae n he rng tt e i int l ma (J. t . Se d, ppe lt cou elwa i f tvef f lng t - aie t br a on t c i ofc t y con a lae ns s nefkc i or aii o ' s he e k he han usod r a aba i frexcuson ofe de '(J..Thid, r Ovet ha ase tdt s cli s ss o l i vi nce. / ) r M . ron s sre wo ub- ams ' a gui t tt St t -wihhel e de cr ga di DocPope- pa tr a pr ctc ofs r ng ha he ae ' t d vi nc e r ng s te n nd a i e hoddy evi nc coleci t c que 'and'pr s nt d f le a orm il di t si ony r ga di t de e l ton e hni s' b e e e a s nd/ sea ng e tm e r ng he lui f ndonM is M a l - pes -(lE 11a 1 1 .l ot wor , Br y/ glo l d ou sy cvors ron. 1) ' t 00- 09) n her ds a ad Gi i c ai . 'he Cour be nsw ih M r Ove t sSt i kl cl i s lm l t gi t . r on' r c and a m . A) Stikl f'f/ . rc and 7l&l & M r Ove t a guest ditnc cl msofi f c i as it nc ofc . ron r wo si t ai nefe tve ssa e ouns l le a s rs e. 1 se t t tti c ha ral ouns lwa i f tvewhe t y f l t c l nget e ge r lac e a ofS7' e s nefec i n he aied o hale h ne a c pt nce R DNA ts r ulsasr i ei t s e i ccomm uniy durngt b' ehe i M r Overon e t es t elabl n he cintl i t i he l 7' arng. . t f t rar est tc ns w a i f e i e f f ii t c l e t t s i pr e r us d by urhe gu ha ou el s nc f ctv or a lng o haleng he e tng oc du es e t St t sl bor t i s W hen gi n t opporuniy t cha l nge t pr edur s us by t he a e' a a or e . ve he t t o le he oc e ed he St t se t a aFr he i c ns di nota k asngl que ton orat m ptt cr s ae' xpers t ye arng, ou el d s i e si te o os l Fr l T Unie St e 293 l.1 1 ( C.Ci.1 ) Si ceM r Ove t stil ll i b le ' t d ats. f 0 3 D. r 923 . n . ron' ra .-orda . a dopt d t l a s anda d goxe ni t ladm i s biiy o1s e ii e de e lr ta e he kder l t r 'r ng ht s i lt ' ci ntfc vi nc s s nnou d b nce y t e Unie St t s Su e e Cou ti D aube tv.g e r l/ 4u, h t d a e pr m r n r ' r el . ? Phar ace i al ,/? ,509 t) V ) m utc s ?c. -S. . 57 11 S. .2786,1 L.ï 2d 469 ( 993) whih r a d t b' sa r Ch. 3 07. 9, 3 Ct 25 fd. 1 , c eplce he r t nda d. 201 -1 ye a l 1 La ofFl consse wih Daube t s cton 90. Fl i St t t s( 3) t 46 -63, ws a, it nt t r, e i 702, orda a u e 201 . e m i t wine s s M r Ovc t cont xa ne he t s e . . ron endst tt sc tt esdefcintpe f ha hi onsiut ie ronnanc on t e e h pa tofcou e . r ns l Thi a gume , s r nt howeve .i ve y dif r fom c le ng t admisbiiy oft DNA r s r fe ent r ha lngi he s i lt he evi nc ba e ont ta d pr e esus d by t M onr Count She it de rm e t de e s d he l we oc dur e he oe y rfxs pa t nt o s c r tec anof u td ' 'ra c u s l la l o jce a rie t ea misb lyof h e u e h h i c so y. lil o n e ce ry b e td nd asd h d s iii t e t DNA e denc duet abr ak i t c i ofc t a a i s bot bebr a durng ti . vi e o e n he ha n usody s n s ue h t e nd i ral lowe r on die a l ve , r ct ppea , pe lt c l ap lae ouns ldi notar c e r whe t ti lc tove r e e d gu ror n he ra our ruld c u s lso j ci n a dt eDNA e d n ewa a mitd Ass c Mr Ovc tn rie camsof o n e' be to s n h vie c s' te . u h, . ro as s li d i f ctve a s sa eofti lc nefe i s it nc ra ouns land i fe tve a ssa e ofa lt couns . e ne f c i s it nc ppela e el i tri c . al ounsel TheCour lr tc i r t i fe tve a ssa e ofti lc ti s onsde s he ne f c i s it nc ra ouns cli .Unde sa ng el a m rt ndi t t or ofM r Overon' def e a tili es enta t a l ng t scl m .l Fl i he he y . t s ens t ra s s i l o nayzi hi ai 'he orda Su e eCoul s pr m ' umma ie M r Ove t sdef ns bel t rz d . ron' e e ow. 'heprm a yt us olt de e e i t ca ewa c nt r d upon at l ' i r hr t 'he f ns n he s s e e c hemet tIw ha a e or e e ofi r ,Dee i Vic i pari a - d plnt d Ove t ss n nf c m nt fce s tctve s o n tculr ha a e ron- eme i t be ng. ch wases e i t t pr e li F 'he deiw et orze n he ddi whi s ntal o he os ct on.N7 l t kns he i d t tD e e i e V ico obt ne t de enda ' s r fom Ove t sone-i e ha t ctv s ai d he f nt s pe m r ron' tm gilre Lor Sw a rf i nd, na ybe, r ns t t s m pl i a c t a porcd he a e n ondom ,a pl ce i o nd a d t n t be ng.Ns he ddi F FN7.Thedef e ar ens guedt tDet i V ico' aleged m otva i t pl t ha ectve s s l i ton o ant he evi dencewasbas on an i er afaiscompl ntwhi Overon a one poi Gl ed nt nal f r ai ch t t nt ed a ns Vico,bttfom whi Vi o waseventl l cl e gai t s lr ch sc taly ear d. IN 8.I ectveV ico had s ' let i s poken on s aloc onsw ih ëor Swaybe.Ovelonever casi t z na - s t gilki -' t tmony wasnotel ast.when t rl end.l esi he ear f l heseconver i occur ed or satons r uha t natleoft conver atonshad been.M s.Swa di i 1 t he tr he s i ybe ed n 994,and Det i Vico t tfed t the neverr ved any semi fui fom M s.Swaybe. ectve s es ii ha eeei nal l ds r l a at mptt s bsa it t sfbrc ton ofevi et y, hedef ns n n te o u t nta e hi a ia i denc heor t e e c ule D r D ona d W rght a t e i pa hol s .lhe doc ors ons t d . l i , br ns c t ogi t '' t ugge t d t tt s e ha he det ee m i t s mpl fom t be ng f Nonoxynol9,acompound kns xa ne he a es r he ddi or c ai d i s r i da condoms. yi on t sa c t def ns c e t ont ne n pe m ci l Rel ng hi dvie, he e e aus d he s m pl st be s ntt t l b a t Cons e Pr a e o c o he a t he um r oduc s'ks i g C om pan i N ew t l tn y n Jer sey. l t s m pl lbeld asorgi tng fom t botom s e .t lb die t ,M r n he a e a e i na i r he t he t he a r c or . 'r ge ,f l a r eund 53 m i r a sofNonoxynol9. ' c ogr m The s a e a t ne s of i c t t tor y' f c r quese ac s m a o y t ta s bmitd t ne c tngsfom t be ng e td ontr t r es nd u te wo w uti r he ddi s tF I t fr ts m pl Tr ge f hee .Ng n he is a e, a r ound 5 mir r ofNonoxynol9. n t 0 c og ams l he s c s mpl,Tr era s f e ond a e ag lo ound an u er ned a ntofNonoxynol9.N 1 ndet mi mou F 0 A l o,11 m i r r m sofN onoxy l9 w e e f s c og a no r ound i a s m pl f om t n a e r he c f trl llOn c os - xa i ton by t St t 'r ert s iid t tt r a e om ore .N z r s e m na i he ae.l ag e tfe ha he e r ' varousf m sofNonoxynol t tt tssheperor d di notpr dea i or and ha he e t f me d ovi ba i t di tngui h w he he t N onoxynol9 f s s o si s t r he ound on t be s etw a ofa he d he s s nui da nat e. whe he i wasac pe ci l ur or t r t omm e cilgr deolNonoxynol9 r a a c omm onl us i hous hol deer t .Alhou hc a knowl d t tt y ed n e d t gen s t gh c edgc ha he pe pe r t rc d ha be we i acondom whih m i ha t n durngt r ta o oul ve en arng c ght ve or i he c r eoft sr ewih Sus n,Dr W rghtcon i ed t opi t tt s m i l ou s he tuggl t a . i tnu o ne ha he e na fui f mi t sa n on t fte s tha be n plnt d t r h t us ofa l d br ng he t i he it d hee d e a e h oug he e condom .r 12 l' s lN9.The t tmony i caest t e new cuti came fom s i i t sheet 7 es i ndi t hat hes tngs r ectons n he whi wer notalege t cont n any s nalt ds.l St e wasat ptng t ch e l do ai emi lui -- at he tem i o pr t t N onoxynolg f l waspr tntasr i l fom I ove hat he - otnd es esdte r aundr det gent y er ( c as c t isNon yn - . whih lo on an ox olg) FN 1 ''agerst tmony i cat t s 0.lr ' esi ndi es hat ome a ountofNonox)nol9 wasf m ound i n t s s ond s pl butt t amotntwasnots lci l si fcants ast be hi ec am e, hat he l ufs enty gnii o o r ognied by t I sequi ec z he abpment . FN 11 Thet i t tmony l t t concl i t tno s i sai wer f . ral esi eads o he uson ha em nal t ns e ound on t comf t . he orer lN 1 '' onl condom sf 7 2.Ihe y ound att s he cen: wer t e houghtt bel t t vi i o ong o he ctms becaus t packagewasI ed i de a s lbas ti t rbedr e he ocat nsi mal ke n hei oom al wih a ong t tl ofK- Jcly.Vas i and body l i -' e condom swer lots m i dal tbe Y l elne, oton.lhes e l per ci s ' t ef e.t di notcont n Nonoxynolg. her or hey d ai - Se r lf t swe eelcied durng c os - xa i ton. s r ii lcondom ve a acor r i t i r s e m na i A pe m c da c ai 25 t 35 m ilgr m sofNonoxynol9.l m a be co l d t t e a e ont ns o li a t y nc ude hat her r usualy 25, t 35, m i ogram s ofNonoxynol9 i one sper i dalcondom , l 000 o 000 cr n m ci l t sc e,53 mi og a wer f nd fom t lrtt ts m pl a 50 n hi as cr r ms e ou r he q s es a e nd m i r a sf om t s c t s s m pl Dr W r ghtf t rnot t tt i tal c ogr m r he e ond e t a e. . i ur he ed ha he nii r por her c ve fom M r Tr ger(.. t r por t tld W rghtt belevet e t e ei d r . a ie. he e t ha e i o i hat t s mi ltu d ha be plnt d)i c e t tt a ountt he e na l i d en a e ndiatd ha he m bund was53 milgrms(her ae l mir r i 1milgrm) butt tarvie r t li a t e r 000 cogams n li a , ha e sd epor i c e t tt r had be n a tpog aphialm it kcand t t e a ua a ndiatd ha he e e y r c sa hat h ct l moun t olNonoxynol9 pr entwa onl 53 mi o a .Dr W rg c ndi y admitd ' es s y cr gr ms . iht a dl te t athedi n know t amountOfNonoxynol9 nor a l c ai d i acondom h d ot he m ly ont ne n whe he i ta l s n niily ugge t t tt s m i lui ha bt n plnt d'nordi he sed ha he e nal l d d e a e , d kno t tnota1condom sc an Nonoxynol9 ort tNonoxynol9 wasus d i w ha l ont i ha e n de e g t . t r en s l r s et t sdef ns e tst si ony pr s nt t s n e pons o hi e e xper' e tm e e ed o uppor t f i a i t he abrc ton t or t Stt pr s nt d oner t win s M r Ri r Olve ,ache it he y. he a e e e e ebutal t es . . cha d i r m s f om t Hom e Per onalCa e l t i ll e e sD i s on ofa na i l r he s r ndus r a ngr di nt vi i tona lbo a or t c pa whih i t s em a a t e i t Unie St esof a r t y,he om ny c s he ol nuf c ur r n he t d at Nonoxy 9asa s r i de.Olve t sil d t tNonoxy 9 i notonl us d a nol pem ci i r e tte ha nol s y e s as r cd (. ,s r ci lNonoxynol9) buti i as c pemiie ie. pemi da , t s lo ommonl i or ac y nc portd asa i edinti h e ddeerens(. ,c n ngr c n oushol t g t ie. ommeca gr Nonoxynol9) ril ade . M rOlverts iid t tasa ma àct r ,hi c i e tfe ha nul u er s ompanycoul pos i y t l t d sbl e l he di l r e be wee t t o t pe ,gi n a ' i t c nty l r s m pl ' H e a d, f- enc t n he w y s ve b gnii a l a ge a e. e s ' dde how e r t a re t rt o t c m i a ha be n - touti o t ve , hat ûe ihe ype f he he c l s e t pu nt he e vr n n a ds y plc do oh ro j cs'te ei n ts t ditn u s n io me t n a , a e n te b e t, h r s o c t o sig ih ' be wce t t t sofNonoxynol9.Afe r vi wi t r s t oft t t t n he wo ype tr e e ng he e uls he ess pe f m e by M r Tr ge , i rc ude t tt c r tm e hodol ha bee ror d . a r Olve oncl d ha he orec t ogy d n us bu ba e upon s m pl qu ii e r ctd fom t fted s e ,t r was ed, t s d a e anttes xta e r he it he t he e a ol ey no wayt de e mi whehe t Nonoxynol9 f d wass r ii l bs ut l o t r ne t r he oun pe m c da (r ac fom ondom)orcommcri grde(r decge )Olve f t ropi t t cal a fom tr nt. i r urhc ned ha i i - os lkel 't r i a t s ' t i y' hat esdue moun soft commer i gr deNonox m t he cal a ynol9 r m ai a t t rns c cl i a s a r was ng m ac nc.U li a e y,dur ng e n ter he i e y e n t nda d hi hi tm t l i cl i a g e s t St t a gue b h f tt pe pe r orm i ha be osng r um nt , he a e r d ot ha he r tat ght ve en we rng a s m i da condom,ort tan amountofNonoxynol9 f ai per ci l ha y ound i t n he lte s e wa r sduewhih r mai d ahe t s e ha be wa he 'td he t s e i i c e ne r he he t d en s d. Ov ron,801So. a 887- Es e ily. o beavibl def e a ti ,t a gume wa no et 2d t 89. s nta l t a e ens t ral he r nt s t t tt DNA t si is fwa unr la ebut i tad- ha M r Overon' INA wa plnt d on ha he e tng tel s e ibl ' nse t t . , t sI s a e t be n t ke fom t c i s ene.Du i posc c i ti lc he ddi g a n r he rme c rng t onviton- ra ouns lt siid t t y e e tfe hat he ma a sr t i de son t notc os - m i t St t swines esa t Fr hea i bas d on de taeg c cii o r sexa ne he a e' t s t he ye rng e Mr Ove t sdeens (DE 1 2921a 32) TheFl i SuprmeCour f t i srt i . ron- f e. L 3t . orda e t ound her taegc de ii t bera ona e Thec tt ldedlt t lmie pa tci tonofcou eldurng eson o e s bl. our ' u l hathe i td ri pai conc ns i t b' he rng di notc ttl de i e pe f m a e be aus i w asa s r egi de s on he r ye a i d ons itt tci nt r or nc c c t e tat c ci i ma by c de ouns l' Ov r on,976 So. a 55 e. e t 2d t 0. l or rf M r Ove t t begr nt d f de a ha asr i f hem us s n de or . ron o a e e r l be ele , t how:( )t 1 he de e m i ton t tc t r na i ha ouns s de i i n wass r e c w a a unr s bl de er i ton oft el ' c s o t at gi s n ea ona e t m na i he f t and( t dee nai t tc el'srtgi de ii wa ar as acs 2) he tnni ton ha ouns s tae c cson s e onabl de ii was e cson a u e ona ea i a i ofclaryesa ihed f de all SeeHoron v Zant 9 F. n nr as bl pplc ton e l t bls e r aw. t . , 41 2d 1 1 ( 1hCi.1 )-1 quetonofwhehe ade sonwasatci lon i aque ton 449, 462 1 t r 991('' 'he si t r cii a tca e s si offc . eBu y v Wai i ,808l. 1 1 1 1 ( 1hCi.987)...hI verwhehe a t Se nd . nwrght J2d 4 0, 4 9 1 t r1 g owe , t r t st tc wasr as hi ac i e onabl i a que ton oflw.'. es si a ' ) On N ove be 9,1 m r 996,M r Ove t was a r s e f t fr tde e m ur r ofSus n . r on r e t d or he i s gr e de s a and M iha lM a vor W e lbe or ti s hedef ns kne t t St t i e c c cl . l f e ralt e e w hat he a e nt nded t us DNA o e e de a t pr m a y e de e a i tM r O ve t Two ye spr ort M r O ve t sa r t vi nce s he i r vi nc ga ns . ron. ar i o . r on' r es . t St t ofll i ha s mplsoft bed s tand ma tes pa t ke lom t c i es e he ae 'orda d a e he hee tr s d a n i he rm c ne tse by t FDLE i an at mptt m ac DNA .No DNA m ac wasma a t ttm e e td he n te o th th de t ha i . Ov r o 801 So. a 884. l w a no untll t 1 e t n, 2d t t s t i a e 996,when M r O ve t c hi s fwhie i . r on ut m el l n polcec t di t a horte ha a DNA s m pl fom M r Overon.Onc t St t hadt i usody d he ut ii s ve a er . t e he ae he l NA s m pl fom M r Ove t t y c pa e i t t I N A f nd a t M a vorcrm e s ene 7 a er . r on. hc om r d t o hc I ou t he cl i c . l Nove n mberol1 Dr J me Poloc I ILI s r ogs) mac d Mr Ove t sDNA t t ' 996. . a s l k FI ï eol it, the . ron' o he DN A evi nc f nd a t c i e s e D r Polock conc ude t ttndi a unr a e de e ou t he r m c ne. . l l d ha i ng n el t d i vi lha ng t s m e DN A asM r Overon w a t n exc sofone i s x bilon Ca as a , ndi dua vi he a . t st i es n i li uc i ns Afia Amerc nsa Hipanis'I n s m -her wa ltl doubtt tINA e de ewoul rc n ia nd s c .' d.l u t e s ite ha 7 vi nc d be t s ngl m os i por a pi ce ofe de e a i tM r O ve t Def ns couns w a a e he i e t m t nt e vi nc ga ns . r on. e e el s war oft c uci lr e t tt a is on ofDN A e de w oul pl y i t St t sc e. he r a ol ha he dm s i vi nce d a n he a e' as 34 Ov t nex s ve alye r .t ti dae wasc i ed muli etmes Iowe r eve er he t e r a s he ral t ontnu tpl i , - ve - n l t hought de e ehadan a ndanc oftme t pr pa et de end a i tt DNA e de e, t he f ns bu e i o e r o f ga ns he vi nc i s me t tltl pr es wasbei made.l e t i tviy ofdef ec ee d ha ite ogr s ng nde d, he naci t ens ouns pr el ompt ed teo iia tilu g t da t k e r n u o Co c r a t l efcieAsitn eof h rgn l ra j d e o r f a i mo a d m f n e n s o n fe tv ssa c M (ou s 1' (DI 1 - 1 t19 .Th u g ' c ifc n enwa ta c ns l- ldaM oint - n e.1 g : 3 5 a - ) ej d e s he o c r s h t ou e -'e '7 ' f i to o Co lDNA dic r ye di notsti f heai 'a t twkl si basc l aDNA c e, mpe s ovey, t d e t or rng' nd ha ithi s ialy as y tno s bsantvem otonsha be n fl t r quiet src sa r s tf t by t Fl i e u t i i ve c ied o e r he tit t nda ds e orh he orda Su emeCour i DNA c e '(J. t3) pr tn ass. / a . ' Afe tec s wa ra sg e t an w j d e mo ec ni a c sweeg a td.l tr h a e s e s in d o e u g , r o tnu n e r r ne n Fe ua y of1 br r 998, hedef ns b nnou d a i e i t s e i epe t e e' a nce n ntnton o e k nd nden INA t si ofa tI e tng ny posi ermai ngf e i bi ogiale denc -(DE 1 1 a 1 .Howeve,tmepase a sbl e ni ornsc ol c vi e. L ' 3- 01 t 5) ' ri s d nd t de e ene rs he f ns ve oughtt ha t r m ani e denc t se Antc pai ac lenget t o ve he e i ng vi e e t d. ii tng hal o he r ibiiy ofisDNA t si atti l t Stt r quese t tt c tor rt - emai ng ela lt t e tng ra , he a e e t d ha he our de he i r ni f enscbi ogi levi ncel Ie tdbya i pende lbort y. (J.a 1 .'hecour or i ol ca de be tse n nde nt a aor ' / t 6) l ' ' t g an e t St t sm o i butga t de ens t opporuniyt s e t l t twoul r t d hc ae- ton ve he f e he t t o elct he ab ha d c onduc t t tng.Thec 'or r dt tt 'g eens mus adviet Stt byJ 5,1 t he esi oul de e ha he ûdlf e t s he ae une 998, t oft na oft lbor t y i wihest i pende l t s t r m ani bi ogiale de e he me he a a or t s o nde nty e t he e i ng ol c vi nc fom t c i e s e l t def e f ist s advi e t St t m ay i pende l t s t r he rm c ne. f he ens a l o o s , he a e nde nty e t he e dc e. (Dl 1 11 a 3) Thedea i c andwentwihou t det es e i t vi nc ' t ï 3- 1 t . dlne ame t t he kns elctng he lbor t y whe et bi ogiale de e s d bet se 'heSt t a s d t ti pl nne t a a or r he ol c vi nc houl e t d. l - a e dvie ha t a d o 'Att s metme,hetil udgealo r us dhi eflndi t t-ah t ze ousy ? he a i t ra j s ec e ms l i ng ha - ter han al l r a dvoca i f t rc i ntwihi t l ,de e e c tng or hei le t n he aw f ns ouns hasa pt d t t tc ofm a ng t el do e he ac i ki he til udget is '(1E 1 5)a 5) ra j he sue. L7 3- t , ' pr e d wih i pe ntt tng utlzi a 1b ofisc oc e t nde nde esi ii ng a t hoosng.Dekns c i t e ouns lwasc e once ne r d t tonc t St t c ha e he ae onduc e ist si t r m a notbe avi e s m pl lf f t d e et t d t e tng, he e y abl a e e t or he ef ns o 'hedef e fld a Em e ge y M oton t l pc l ens ie n r nc i o nde nden l 'as t l m ani For i ty l t he tc i ng ensc e Sa pl I wa a t he rng on t e r enc moton t tt debns advie t ta tr m e. t s t he a i he me g y i ha he l e s d ha fe wl ons tngwih gheile rsa i mc tngwiht dee ta co-ouns lt t r 'cl uli t t r xpet nd n ei t he fndan nd c e ogehe wevede de no a t spoitt t tt rmani s ef DNA. (DE 1 1 a 5 .For - ci d t t hi n o es he e i ng ampl or - I 3- 31 t ) ' t fr ttm e, kns c he is i det e ouns la s d t ti e no l rw a t t tt tm a e i lf a he e dvi e ha w onge nt o es ha t r a or not r DNA pr ori obe ndepe ntDNA pr ,butwha wewoul lket do i i nde obe t d i o s ndepe nty ts nde l e t wha e rm ae i li r m a ni f pur e t s ewhehe t tpa tculrs m e s m pl ha t ve tra s e i ng or pos s o e t r ha ri a e n a e d b e tmp rd wih-(d a 7 .'h S aeo j ce a t ed fn eh dp e o syidc tdta i e n a ee t. I t ) I e tt b e td s h ee s a rviu l n iae h t t ' wa goi t c lnget DNA evi nc t r f e, heSt e s d ha t rghtt c s ng o hale he de e; he e or t at houl ve he i o onduc t newe an m or a cur t DNA ts i t n t t tng t twa a l e i l r d e c ae e tng ha he esi ha s vaiabl n 993. Thec t our de e t de e e- mtton.'h c t der d t Stt t t s lvc( -he r mai ngt n)srps nid he f ns s li l e our or e he a e o e t i 01t e ni e ti ' off brcata i depe ntl - ft St c- i pe ntl s c i c pltng t t t a i n n nde ab - he at s noe ndc ab ucc cds n om e i he es 1 . wih t e lvesrps t t St t wilt n ove t r m ani fve s m pl t De e nts t h i ti - hen he ae l ur r he e i ng i a es o f nda ' i pe nt1b f t tngf t prs nc ofc ami s'(DE 1 l a 31.Afe t nde nde a or esi or he e e e ont nant.- 1 3- 41 t ) tr he Stt sts swer c plt t eypr de t det ew'h t r m ani s a e- c t e om e e, h ovi d he kns i he e i ng ampl st c t e o onduc t t i own t tng.Se Ov ron,801So. at887. her esi e et 2d Ove t e ne sx mont ,b h pa te c r h xt i hs ot ris ondu e t t on t s ctd css he ampl and a tm ptd t es te e o obt i di c r f om e ch ot r l The ca e w a s f t i lon J nua y 11 1 a n s ove y r a he .8 s s et or r a a r , 999. The c t our 1 7he def ns c t gorze t St t s c 8' e e a e i d he a e- onduc a ha ng Ss c e l s nts m pl ofc i e t s vi ' e r ty e a es r m s e e de t)t D e e e- l b f rt s i 'i or ' o m ounta l tm i t a t ck on our c ne vi nce ( he f ns s a o e tng- n der t as nu e ta d v sai gp o fo o tmiain. (11 1 - 9 a 21. e a ttn r o fc n a n to ' 17: 3 l 1 t ) ' ' 36 d ne a yf rh rc niu n e .(DE 1 - 9 a 2 ) No eh ls,h d fns pesse i e id n u te o tn a c s L 3 1 1 t 6 , n tee s te ee e ritd n s e ng c i nc .Cou ela gue t tt y we euna et p e r f ti bas on t e ki ontnua es ns r d ha he r bl o r pa e or ral ed he Stt su i yr pons t dic r (1E 1 1 a 3133-I) 1 25 at1 22,g 1 26) ae- ntmel es es o s ovey. 1) 3- 91 t - lE 3- 1 9- DE 3a 26- g 1 271a 1 1 .OnDe e r21,1 t def efl amotonf aFr t 30, DE 3- t 4- 7) c mbe 998,he ens ied i or ye he rng. g 1 1 a 27) Thec ts tt he rngf J nuay7,1 ai (DE 3- 91 t . our e he a i or a r 999.Att sar oft he t t he he rng, f ec ela ai deens ouns nnouncc t t ywe ei ra t pr e '(DE 1 671a 7) d hat he r t e dy o oce d. L 3- t . not ' W ih l st n fve da bel e t i l c t es ha i ys br r a , ouns lf M r ( ve t wasnotpr par d f t e or . l ron e e or he Fr he r ng. lhe St t a gue t tdef e c ye a i ' a e r d ha ens ouns wasgi n t oppor u t t t a t bot el ve he t niy o r vel o h t B01E la a t lDLE 1bt r e docu nt bu de lne t dos (DE 1 671a 9) he ) -b nd he 7 a o eviw me s t ci d o o.L 3- t . Thedet eas e t t tt St t pr de t dic er s lt t tti lcouns landt kns s red ha he ae ovi d he s ov y o ae ha ra e he del eex r ha ltl t no opporuniyt e at t m s l e kns pe t d ite o t t o duc e he eves nough t etec i l chal nge o - tvey le f t me h orr s t oft Stt sDNA t tng.W hiet r wasdiag e m e aboutwhy he t ods e uls he a eesi l he e s r e nt del e c kns ouns lw'sno pr par d,i wascl art tt y w e e notpr pa e t cha l nge t e a t e e t e ha he r e r d o le he St t sD NA e denc a a Fr he r ng. Def ns c l elm a t de i i t sand m ut a e' vi e t ye a i e e ot ns de he c s on o t e durng t t si y oft Stt se rs Coun eldi nota k a sngl quesi on c os i he e tmon he a e' xpe t. s d s i e ton r s e a n to F lwigteh a ig tec utfu d: 1 tej r c udb h l da da sse b x miain. ol n h e rn ,h o r o n ( ) h u y o l e epe n sitd y o t e l wine stsi ony,( t s e is prnc plsunde l ng bot t RlLP a t PCR he xpe' t s c tm t 2) he cintfc i i e ryi h hc 7 nd he tssa t STR tssacge al ac epe wihi t s i tfccommuniy,a ( t e t nd he et r ncrly c td t n he cenii t nd 3) he wine s aes fce l quaii t gi a opi on.g) 1 701at37) 7hec tf t t t scs r ufiinty lfed o ve n ni (lE 3. - our ound ha t St t s e r s s tsi d t Fr t tand c d t s i' a t i l he a c' xpe t a i le he ye es oul e tf t r a . y Atti ,Dr J m e M .Polock(C - , l r lober A.Beve ( ral . a s l 1DIE) l . t t r BODE Tec ogy Gr p) hnol ou , a Elz t Cu r ( nd iabeh ry BODE 'e nol Gr t sii d on behafoft St e. Prm a iy, he l ch ogy oup) e tle l he at i rl t y 37 t tle ab tt pr es ofDNA t si a t m achi oft INA c lc e att e c i e esi d ou he oc s i e tng nd he t ng he I ole t d h rm s e wiht I NA c lctd fom M r Ove t Prort t i t si c ne t he 7 ole e r . ron. i o her e tmony,def e c ens ouns l e r n we p e iu o j cin rg r n , mo o h rt n sl ia lt t p e aefrtila d e e d r vo s be to s e adig a ng t e hig , n bi y o r p r o ra n g i lckofdic er r pons s Howeve ,durng til de e ecouns di c os - m i t a s ov y es e . r i ra . f ns el d r sexa ne he S ae se pet te s so t p o e sa dr l bit' fDNA tsigb t etej r . g 1 tt' x r wi se n he r c s n ei l yo n a i e tn ebr h u y (DE 3 l 21a 6) Aûe t St er td.hcdefns caldPhilp' a r( umerPr lt Tesi 3 t . r he at ese t e e lt li rrge Cons odtcs tng Compa t t tf r a di t pr s nc ofNonoxy - ont bed s tf ny) o esiy eg r ng he e e e nolg he hee ound a t c i e t he rm s ne. Thedet e st or wa t tbec eNonoxynolgi ac m i lage c ce kns ' he y s ha aus - s he ca nt omm onl us d y e i s r i i t tt e de e t ken f om t c i e s e wast m pe e w ih by pl ci s m n pe m c de ha he vi nc a r he rm c ne a rd t a ng per fom as r ii e c r pe m c d ondom us d by M r Ove t (tadif r ntdae a tm efom t M a l e . ron a fe e t nd i r he c vor mur r )o ot s m pl t ke fom t M a vorhome.'hi t or ofdekns a ce st t de s nt he a es a n r he cl l s he y ' t e c pt ha M r Ove t sDNA wasf . ron' ound on t t ts mpl sbutt ti wa notputt r a t tmeoft he es a e ha t s he e t he i he ci ' ah r i wa d n ltrb ar g ep lc d tci .M r Ov ro sd f n ewa rj ce rme rt e ,t s o e ae y o u o ie ee t , ve . e tn' ee s s ee td b t j y. y he ur Durng t posconvi i pr e ngs def ns c ns t tle r ga di t rsr egi i he t cton oce di . e e ou el esi- d e r ng hei tat c i de ii t nota k quc tonson cr s e c son o s si os - xami ton a t b' he rng. M r Gar i t s i e t t na i t he r ye a i . ca c tt d ha i h a dc c u s l d aj n d cso t n t s q e to sa teFt h a igb c u e'olr e n o-o n e ma e oit e iin o o a k u sin t h ye e rn e a s ' u g dic y w a n' c pl t a t t DN A ' a ' woul tatcm ptt do s e hi t twe s over s t om e e s o he ' nd ' we dn' t o om t ng ha l twewcrn'pr ardt do. (DE 1 2721a 1 .Mr Ga caf l rtsii dt tt kl e t ep e o - I 3' t 7) . r i urhe e tle ha he 1 Couns as r s da ob e tona t t a si lt oft DNA evi ceba e on 9 el lo aie n j ci s o he dmisbiiy he den s d abra i t c nofc t (1 1 1 1Ia 7) Thi is wast s j tofmuli e e k n he hai usody. g7E 3- 2 t . s sue he ubec tpl o j cin a dmo in i lmiep irt til 'h es e i co j cin aedic se i g e tr be to s n to s n i n ro o ra . r os p ct be to s r s u sd n rae i de ai i t a ys s oft i f c i a s s a e o1a la e c t l n he nal i he nef e tve s i t nc - ppe l t ouns cl i . Se Or ra 42el a m e de t 46. 38 de son byt del et notputon a wine s sa t Fr he rng wa i t c ialde son.' cii he kns o ny t s e t he ye a i s ' a tc a cii - (IE 1 2731a 3) M r Gacaa nowldge t ev i t Fr motonha bee grntda g) 3t . . ri ck e d hat en f he ye i d n a e s t t STR DN A e de t tt r w a a tonalD NA e de e us ng a ol rand tus e o he vi nce ha he e s ddii vi nc i n de r td met ofDNA tsi ( hod e tng RFLP)pef medbyt FDLE whi woul ha be nadmisbl e n ror he ch d ve e si e ve i hene rS'R DNA t tng ha bee de m e i dmi sbl ( e i a 5) ft we I esi d n e d na s i e. Se d. t . Fu t r M r Sm ih t sii d t tt dc son nott a k a quesi a t b' he rng rhe , . t e tle ha he cii o s ny tons t he r ye a i wa a' tae 'a t tmael i wa myde son. (Dl l 2751a 25) Thedecsonwas s t rtgy' nd ' i t y t s s ul cii ' L 1 3- ' t . ii ma be aus ti wa ourpostont tweweenotgoi t pari paea doahal- yj de c e it s ii ha r ng o tci t nd fwa ob an t n ma i woul bef d he ybe t d ound t tt twasa ha ha dequac wh we di tpe s ly f e i wa t en dn' r ona l e l t s ad t - (J.. Furher c e m a t de son nott pa tci t i t Fr he rng i equae. / ) t , ouns l de he cii o ri pa e n he ye a i n or rt pr e ve t is ofnotgetng tmel dic r r pons sf M r Overon' die t de o es r he s ue ti i y s ove y es e or . t s rc a l(DE 1 2761a 1.l ot rwor , ppea. I 3t ) n he ds couns ldeemi dt tiwasabete srtgi e tr ne ha t tr tae c de s on t notpari pa e a a lt n t pa tc pa t s e ha and rs a appe l t c ' l t ci i o tci t t 1 ha o r i i t om w t ik n la e oul a er t d cdn ta M r Ov ro wa n tp eu ie b t elc o d sov r b c u ec u s l sa e e iig h t . e tn s o rj dc d y h a k f ic ey e a s o n e wa bl t qu ton t w ine s dur ng t b' he i M or ovc .M r Sm ih t s ii d. h RFIP o es i he t s es i he r ye arng. e r . t e t fe t e DN A t tng do by t fD IE wasgoi t be a it r ga dl s oft out om e oft Fr es i ne he ' w ng o dm ted e r e s he c he yc he r ng. I a ton,M r Sm ih di no vi w t c n ofc t i s t be a pr rdi c s on ai n ddii . t d t e he hai us ody s ue o ope s us i f t Fr he r ng bec e he ' hou t tw a t be m o e ofa e de i r bas s a t i l I or he ye a i aus - ght ha s o t r n vi nta y i t r a . don' t nk i hadt do wih t s c lc s e e. (J.a 1 . M r Sm ih a s t sii d t twhie t hi t o t he pe is cinc ' / t 6) . t lo e tfe ha ' l c ouns lc d ha gone t B( l E 'e h Ia 'ofs e t r vi w doc ent ,i s e ed a be t r us e oul ve o ) ) F c - bs t c o c e um s t e m te e oft tmelf bet eti t pr r i - herae . (DE 1 2921a 23) Cou eltsiid he i et br ral o epae n b ot ras' I 3' t . ns e tfe t the m a a s r t c dec s on nott t a lt BO DE Te h be aus t t a w oul r ducet ha de t a egi ii o r ve o c c e he r vel d e he tmehe c d s i oul pcnd pr pa i f ti ,c pld wih t f ctt tt STR DNA e de ewa e rng or ral ou e t he a ha he vi nc s lkey a isbl a i l dm s i c nywa a t tc l ng t s e ii me hodol y -di tr lyfti y, nd ha halengi he cintlc t og t dn' eal i n wih ou t or - (J. t2 .'' Fl i Su e Cour f t r he y. / a 4) lhe orda pr me t ound t ssr t t ber s na e. hi taegy o ea o bl Ha ng r vi w e t r co d, he Cour c nnottnd t de s on oft Fl i Su em e vi e e d he e r t ta i he ci i he orda pr Cour unr as t e onabl l i cla fom t r or t tbot ofM r Ove t sator ysm a wha e. t s e r r he ec d ha h . ron' t ne de t t t hey houg wasa is r t c 'de i i t notpari i t dur ng t Fr he i Eve i t ht 't a egi - c s on o tc pa e i he yc arng. n f he Cou tb ive t Fl i Supr me Cour' de e mi ton t b an i r e tone unde AEDPA r cle d he orda e ts t r na i o e nco r c , r debr nc t tal i n e gh t gr hab sr le . 'h Coul m us a s tnd t 'her i l e c ha one s ot nou o ant ca e if l e ' ' t t lo i hat ' e s t n p sb ly fi- n e j rssc ul ds g e t a tesaec u tsd cso c nlcswih o osiii armid d u it o d ia re h t h tt o r' e iin o tit t t l td SttsSt emeCou t prc nt. Har igt v Ri e l 1S. .770,783( 11. Unie ae l pr rl e ede s' ' rn on . chtr. 3 Ct 20 ) Gi e t r c d he est Cou twoul de t scl m e tnde a mor f a edenovo v n he e or r he r d ny hi ai ven l r e avor bl r e sa r W her af a cour woul eviw t nda d. e kder l t ddenyr i undc adenov r ew sanda delef r o cvi t r r i mus bede edunde temuc nar elef t ni rh h rowerAfI à sa d.-Jq/ rbl p F'unt n,382 ï)lA tndar - j'v n . o ai è' l F. 1 1 n. ( 1hCi.200 ) 3d 286, 295 5 1 t r 4. . W ih t s r t gi na u e oft dec s on nttt pa tci t i t l' he i r s ved, t he ta e c t r he i i l o r i pa e n he 'ye arng e ol r t Cou tc i r whe he t Fl i Su em e Cour ' l galde e m i ton -t atcou els he r ons de s t r he orda pr ts e t r na i h ns ' sr t cde son wa r s bl -wasa r as bl applca i ofcea l esa ihe f de al taegi cii s ea ona e c ona e i ton l ry t bls d e r l 28U. C.j aw. S. 2254( ( ) Ona lt Fl i Su emeCour l t e r s t d)1 . ppea,he orda pr t bund hre ea ons o s uppor a det r i ton t tc t e m na i ha ouns ' sr t gi de s on w a r as bl Fi s ,c els t a e c ci i s e ona e. r t ouns lm a a e de sr e c dec s on -n t pari pa e f t t pr l pr e ve t e i s oft l k ofdi c el tat gi i i ' ot o tci t urher o opery es r h s ue he ac s ov ' y wih r ga d t BO D E La w hi h coul t n be a t cke on die ta t e r o b, c d he ta d r c ppea . Ove t 976 So. a l' ' r on, 2d t 550. Se cond,c ouns lkunde s ood t te i hey w e e a e t pr ntt S' R DN A t s i e ' rt ha ven ft r bl o eve he I ' e tng 40 by t BODE La fom bei a it d i o e denc t 1FIP DNA t tng by t FDLE La he b r ng dm te nt vi e, he t V esi he b woul silbea it d a woul smia l lnk Ove t t t c i e-11 at550.Fi l d tl dm te nd d i lry i ron o he rm .' 6. naly, ' s t t de son t notpa tcpat f t rdurng t lk he rng-ot rate swe e ma - pie he cii o de ri i e urhe i he 'ye a i he t mpt r de b O ve t s c y ron' ouns t excl t e D NA t s i r s t . ll a 551 The cou tf el o ude hes e tng e uls' t. t . ' r ound t s hi wasar as ned de ii n be aus t def ns sexpe t Dr Lim a ha b n c e o cs o c c he e c' r, . t n d ee onsut d on t le he c i o1cusod is a -dim is d t da r ofde a ton a f s postve fom a han - t y s ue nd b s s e he nge s gr da i nd ale ii s r n a l ge br n c n ofc t he e.' d.a 55 le d oke hai us ody r ' l t 2. 'he c t e m i d-a t r or s f our det r ne nd he ec d uppors t c ns m a a sr t gi de s on t , hat ou el de t a e c ci i al a i s ia i Thi i i ac or wih cea l esabls d f de all SeeSt ckand v ler n nve tg ton. s s n c d t l ry t ihc e r aw. ri l . Was ngt 466 U. 668.69l(l 4ltsr e cchoiesmadeafe t oug i tga i of hi on, S. g8 t-tatgi c t r hor h nvesi ton l and f t r l ntt pl si eoptonsa e vit l unc l ea e;and sr t cchoies aw acs ecva o au bl i r rualy halcng bl taegi c mad at ls t n c c ter e s ha ompl e i csi ton ar r as et nv tga i e e onabl pr cicl t t ext t tr s abl c e s y o he ent ha ea on e pr esi l udg nt s of sona j me s uppor t lmiai oni tgai ') Bas ont i br i t t the i ttons nvesi ton.'. ed he nl maton ha couns lha a t tmet y ma t dec son n t pari pat i t Fr hea i c ns e d t he i he de he ii ot o tci e n he ye rng, ou el e r s r s bl pr esi l udg nt hiei i tuet tc/uns di notha t xecied ea ona e of sona j me .W l t s r ha el d ve he dicove yr pons st tt y ne d tac s r es e ha he ede t onduc at ou cr s e i ton oft St t s t hor gh os - xam na i he ae' e r s-whet rby c xpe t he ouns l sne i nce orw r e ' glge ongdoi by ! St e -ti couns m ade a ng he at ral el r a one de i i w ih t i or a i t y ha a t tm e. W he c i rng t f c t e s d c s on t he nf m ton he d t he i n ons de i he a t hat i rm i tng RFLP DNA evi ncewasgoi t beadmit agans t rc intr ga dl s oft nc i na i de ng o ted i t hei le e r e s he out om e oft Fr he rng,i w a nota u e s c he ye a i t s n nr a onabl c c t s a on t di c r e hoi e o t nd he s ove y obe tona hopef abetrout j ci nd or te comeondie ta l l d.t tndcl ngprmieoft s rc ppca. ndee he l ryi e s hi sub- ai ass est i m us have been betert cr cxam i t winesses att Fr cl m um hat t t t o ossne he t he ye hea i t n t pr s ve a di c r vi a i c ai on a al Yet M r O ve t ha no of e e rng he o e er s ove y ol ton l m ppe . , . r on s t f r d a a g e ofhow orwhy cou elc d ha cha l nge t St t s e n r um nt ns oul ve le d he a e' xpers pr edu es l t t oc r , e ' al ,how t y woul have bce s c s ula e udi t STR DN A e denc Ra he ,M r one he d n uc es f t xcl ng he vi e. t r . Ove t ale -ll swa pe A i f tve s . Ioweve,t ei noUnie St esSuprme ron lges 'thi s r ' nefeci ne s' c 'l r her s td at e Cou tpr ce ntt s ppo tt a gum e t w he c r e de o u r he r nt hat n ouns de i t c os - m i w ine s el clnes o r s exa ne t s es durng a Fr he r ng t tc tt espe s i ef e tve s . l f c ,cl a l es a i he f de al i ye a i ha ons iut r e n f c i ne s n a t e ry t bls d c r l i t e c oppost Se Belv Cone,535U . 685.697 ( aw s he xa t ie. e l . S. 2002)-W hen we s (poke i n Cr nco tep si l yof r s migp eu ieb s do a at r y sfiuet ts te o i f h o sbit p e u n rj dc a e n n tone ' al r o e th i pr e ut ' c e w e i c e t tt a t ne s l iur m us be c pl t W e s i ûfc os c or s as , ndi at d ha he tor y' ' l e b t om e e. a d i ouns l e e iel f l t s jctt pr e uton' ca et me ni kla sralt tng.(koni,Al t. nlr y ais o ube he os c i s s o a ngf dvera i esi ' L c 'prz f a 659-1 S. . t 04 Ct 2039.)emphassadde . He e, he e i ltl doubtt def ns c ns di '( ' i d) r t r s ite hat e e ou el d s b e tt pr e uton- c et ame ngl adves ralt tng.''ede sonoft Fl i u j c he os c i s as o ani kl rai esi f cii h he orda Su em e Cour w a r as pr t s e onabl z Ha sr le m us be de ed. e.o bea e i f t ni 2 TheFl i Supr Cour as f t tigl n i heIckofpa tci tonby 0 orda eme t lo ound ha -eve ft a ri pai Ov ro ' c u s l u igteFr h aigwa d tce tte ewa n p cu icf rmulp e e tn s o n e d rn h ye e rn s ei in.h r s o rj dc o t l i r s ns' Ov ron. So. a 552. 'he c tf l t tt chan ofcusody wa i a ,t e ea o a e t 976 2d t ' l our Qtnd ha he i t s ntct her wasnots tci e dc e t cs a i h a pr abiiy oft perng,a t tt SI R DN A t s i ufi ent vi nc o t bls ob lt am i nd ha he ' e tng com pl t d a BOD E La m e t t r quie e s 01t Fr t s . / a 552- l a n m a ee t b e s he e r m nt - he ye e t J. t 54. l vi g de t s t e f t deer i tons t c lc ude t tM r Ove t c d nots he e hr e acual t m nai , he our oncl d ha . ron oul how peu ie Bae o t er c r ,h Co r d e n tfn t sc n l so u ra o a l.' rj dc rj dc . s d n h e o d te u t o s o id hi o cu i n n e s n be - eu ie p occ sw he t c l nge ha s n w r as na e pr biiy t , f c ns ur n he hale r s how a e o bl oba lt hat but or ou els u p ok so a er r,h r s lo t ep o e dn wo l h v b e dfe e t' 1 .Prj dc n r tsi n l ro s te e ut f h r c e ig u d a e e n ifrn .' d eu ie ' r ulsonl w he c es t y n ouns l seror w e e ts s r ous't tt y deprve t def nda ofa - ai e ' r s r to e i ' ha he i d he e nt i r f tilati whos r ul i rla e.' rc l 466U. a 687.'o stsyt peudiepr ra, ral e es t s eibl -Stikand. S. t l aif he rj c ong, ' t klkei ofadit en rs tmus bes t talnot us c i bl -ba rngt 1 he -i lhood fkr t e ul t ubsani . j t onceva ev lr i on. 31 S.M . t792. M r O ve t has no m e t s sanda d. M or over ha ng f nd t tc (t a , ron t t hi t r e . vi ou ha ouns l s e' pe t manc wa no dei i ,t Coul ne notaddr st prj cepr Se Stikl rbr e s t tcent he ' ed t es he eudi ong. e rc and, 466U. a 697,1 S. .a 2069.'l-heei noras f acour decdi a i fkci S. t 04 Ct t (t'l r s e on or l t i ng n net tve a s s a e cl i t .. ddr sbot com ponen s oft i r i t def ntm a a s it nc a m o . a es h t he nquiy f he enda kes n i ufi i s ngon one.'. ns lcent howi ' ) i. appclat t i l e ouns el M r Ove t ss c s b- am Ofi f c i as it eo1c . ron' e ond u cli nefe tve s sanc - ouns li t ta la c e s ha ppe lt cou elwasi fe tvef f lngr iet i dm isbiiy ofDNA evi eduet abr k i ns ne f c i or aii as he na s i lt denc o ea n t c nofc t ondie ta l(IE 1 a 89- 00) Thi cam waslrtrie i Mr he hai usody rc ppca. g) 1 t 1 . s li is asd n . ron, 2d t . ron r ha he hai O ve t s sat habe s pe ii Ove t 976 So. a 574. M r Ove t a guest tt c n of ron- t e a tton. c t i s % a pr l pr s r d f a usody s ue t s opery e e ve or ppeal butappe l t c w ' ' la e ouns lwasdei e f f lng e fci nt or aii t r iet is e.'heFl i Su e Cour dia e t tt sis ewaspr er d f a o as he s u l - orda pr me t s gr ed ha hi s u es ve or ppea l byti lco ela f ra uns nd ound t i feci as itnc ofa l ecouns lcli t bepr e r l he ne f tve ssa e ppelat e am o oc du aly ba r d. re O ve t a guest hi a ron r hat s ppela e couns lw a i l tve f t f l e t lt e s nefbc i or he aiur o c lnge t de aloft m oto t e udeDNA e dc ebas upon abr ak hale he ni he i n o xcl vi nc ed e i t c i ofc t Thecl m i pr dur ly ba r d.Ove t madet n he ha n usody. ai s oce a l re ron he moton t e udet DNA e de eonl i t at r tve i hi moton t i o xcl he vi nc y n he le na i f s i o co mpel(ndhi c r pondi moi t ç i t al tmet rvi t a s ores ng ton o ontnue o low i o e ew he doc nt)t pr ton oft BodeLa doc ume s he oduc i he b ument wa de ed.Alhough s s ni t Ove t di a k t ti c t o e ude t DN A evi nce t sr ques w as r on d s he ral our t xcl he de . hi e t ma i t c t tofhi r qu tt ha BodeLa doc de n he on ex s e es o ve b umen spr ed s he t oduc o c d cha l oul lcngea t l he i t ts i t twasus d (. , hepr oc s t he hye arng he e tng ha e ie.t ot el a pr e es u nd oc dur ) ndert s cond pr oft Fr t t Aspr en e t t ti he e ong he ye es . es t d o he ral cou t t m o i t e ude w a ba e upon t ale f uly pr t ol or r , he ton o xcl s sd he l ged a t o oc s pr e es r t rt n a aleg br n c n ofc t y t tOveron now oc dur , a he ha n l ed oke hai usod ha t a s r s ' h ti c twasnotpr s nt w ih t s c tc ar e t tt DN A s e t .l e ral our e e ed t he pe ii gum nt ha he evi nc s dbe e ude due t a alege br n chan ofc t de e houl xcl d o n l d oke i usody.To p eer er f a lt rviw,t g r r ei ac e ane ,s clî r s ve ror or ppelae e e he eneal ul s ontmpor ous pe fc o j cinmu t c u d rn tila t etmeo h alg der r S eFB.8 2 be to s o c r u ig ra t h i ft e l e ro . e e ,5 So. a 229* enhor t 41 So. a 338.lhus t cl m i pr dur l ba r d. 2d t , i s, 2 2d t St ' , he ai s oce aly re Eve i hi c a m di nothave a pr dur lba .t c ai i wihoutm e i . n ft s l i d occ a r he l m s t rt O ve t s a la e c ns wasnoti - tve he c be aus t unde l ng cl m ron' ppc l t ou el nefec i f r c e he ryi ai is fi wihoutm e i.Even i he c ai had be n a s r c t s Cour woul no t el s t rt ft l m e s e t d, hi t d t ha conc ude t tt cha n ofcus ody wasbr n be a e a pr vi l ve l d ha he i t oke c us s e ousy ana yz d, he c n ofc t he e wasi a . or ov , n i t sCour ha l e t hai usody r nt ct M e er eve f hi t d c ude t t c n ofc t ha bee br ns he ti lc t sde a oft oncl d hat he hai us ody d n oke t r a our ' ni l he m oton t e ude w oul notha bee r ve s A br i o xcl d ve n e r ed. oken c n ofc t i not hai usody s 43 en ough b is ft esa i ht pr y tel o t bls he obabiiy oft m pe i whi h woul r quiet e lt a rng, c de r h excuson ofe de l i vi nce. e Ta i 703 So. a 45 l t d,t emus beot r Se pls, 2d t 4. nsca her t he e denc oft pe i See i He e,t r w a no o he e de oft m perng.On vi e am rng. d. r he e s t r vi nce a i die ta al t sCour he d t tt r w asnota w c nt la 'ofe de e t tt r r c ppe s hi t l ha hc e - i il ' s vi nc ha he e wa anypl n i ofOve t sDNA.Ove.on,80lSo. a 8 Addii ly,he s a tng ron' l t 2d t 97. tonal t r c d r kt s t ale tonst tt r w a ha m f de ada i t t D NA e or ef e he l ga i ha he e s r ul gr ton o he e denc M uli e wine s st s i e durng t e de ir hea i t tt r vi e. tpl t s e e tl d i he vi nta y rng ha he e i we eno sgnsofsgnii ntdegr da i t t DNA evi nc The e or t s r i i fca a ton o hc de e. r f e, hi Cour woul havei a1 pr abiiy f t d n l ob lt oundt u ryi cli t b wihou me i he nde l ng am o e t t rt f muli er as a a l t couns lwa noti fe i f t f iur t or tpl e ons nd ppelae e s ne f ctve or he a l e o pr en t scl i . es t hi a m Ove t n,97 So. a 574. 'he Fl i Supr m e Coul f nd t cl i pr edur l ba r d but ro 6 2d t l - or da e ' ou he a m oc t aly r e a s de c t cli on t me is Typialy,'whcr asa eca r ha r ed i t ale na i lo ni d he a m he rt. c l b e tt tu t s ul n he tr tve. a es i bot t i pende sa epr dur lg ound a t mc isoft f de alcli st ddr sng h he nde nt tt oce a r nd he rt he c r am he f der lc r s d a y t s a c pr c alba a de i t r a t m e is oft cl m . e a ou t houl ppl he t t oc dur r nd clne o e ch he r t he ai ' ' Al r v Zant22F. l 1 1 (11hCi.994) de man . , 3d 54 , 549 t r1 .Howe r i t si tnc t Cou t ve, n hi nsa e,he r tndst pr c alba he edoe notc tt t a i pe i he oc dur r r s ons iue n nde ndenta a quat sat gr nd de e t e ound. e Se (o ev Bel5 6 U. 4 ( 0 ) eCou'rjc step o e r l a b c u etec u t ï n . l. 5 S. 49 20 9 .Th i l ee t h r c dua b r e a s h o r t c l c t s t ceoft c cai a e r d ast t applca i ofa sae pr e alba . onfatd he ubsan h l m nd re o he i ton t t oc dur r Thi i acli ofi f tvea ssanc ofa lat c ns .(DE 1la 8gle s s am nefeci s it e ppel e ou el g t tmpha i ss a d) M r Ov t i r quie t s t thi appelat couns ' pe f m a e on die dde . . eron s e r d e how ha s le els ror nc r ct a lwa defce and,a ars t hewa prj c d.'helrtopporuniyt dot twa i ppea s iint s e ul, s endie r is t t o ha s n hi s a e ha asc puspetton. -l Fl i a s at habe s pe ii i t pr rpr dur l s t t be or ii ûn orda, t e a tton s he ope oce a v c e f brngi c ai sofi f e tve as i t n ofa l t c ns ,f e pl ,butnotf ehi l or i ng l m ne f c i s s a ce ppela e ou el or xam e or r sng ca mst ts oul ha bee br aii li ha h d ve n oughton die ta lori aposco c i m oton. r c ppea n t nviton i ' ' Se /?/l? i l v.M oo e,77 So. 637, ( a. e t,/trp ? l/ r r 4 2d 643 Fl 2000) s et/( Do e v Si e a y,655 So. ' e 7.p yl . nglt r , ?î 2d 11 11 ( a.l tne f c i e a ssa e ofa lt c ns cli notr s d i tr t 20, 2l Fl ggsli fe tv s it nc ppela e ou el a ms aie n s s 44 hab sp ii aepr dur l bard fom bengr s di as eque ha aspetton) ea etton r oce aly re r i aie n ubs nt be ii . 'he ebr ,t lnd t tM r Ove t scl m tfi efkc i a ssa e oia lal c l r l e o i ha . ron- ai ) n l tve s it nc -ppe l e ouns lwa ' e s pr edur ly bare i nOta a qu t s a e gr d. Pur u t s a e l t underyi c ai gc al rd s n de a e t t oun s ant o t t aw, hc l ng l m r r ng t chan ofcusod woul be pr e aly ba r fom r vi w on diec appe ega di he i t y d oc dur l red r e e r t al be aus ti c elfie t pr l prs r t obeci a ti .Tra couns lsfiur c e ral ouns ald o opery e eve he j ton t ral il e' al e m a ha al o r nde e any cl i oft i ler orwai d s c t ta lat c y ve s e r d am ra r ve u h ha ppe l e ouns ls pe f nna e e ' r o nc woul no ha bee dei intl f ii t r iean is on a alwhih ha bee wavc by d t ve n tce br a lng o as s ue ppe c d n i d ti c ral ouns l Howeve ,acli ofi f c i as it eofa lat couns l i a o1is f i e. r am nefe tvc ssanc ppel e e - n nd 'tel, s notpr edur ly ba r fom r viw.' oc al red r e e z Tu ni t t m e is t Cou' doe notne t c i rw he hert i c ns wai d r ng o he rt , he l t s ed o ons de t ral ou el ve t ec ano c so ycam b n t kn akc ne o a e u , p cfco j cin' u i til t h h i f u t d li y o ma ig i o tmp r n o s s c ii b e to d rng ra a i t tmeoft al ge e r . Uli ael t coul detr i d. n i heti c t r d i he i he le d ror' tm t y. he ' ' e m ne eve ft ral our ere n t nottndi a b ea i t c n ofc t -i i notc i ng r k n he hai usody, kt s nough by is ft esa ih t pr tel o t bls he obabiiy lt oft m p i whi h w oul r quie t e us on ofev de e.- v r on,976 So. at57 a crng. c d e r he xcl i i nc ' O e t 2d 4. ( ia i om it d) ct tons te . l m aki t de er i ton,t cour a i d s a e l t M r O v r on- cl m . ' hi n ng hat t m na i he t pple t t aw o . e t s ai l s - 2 Thi i nota i t eofat r ha ascoul s tt i isj dg ntf t toft 1 s s n nsanc kdeal be ' ubsiutng t u me or ha he t saec u t rma igaj d mc to wh t sa a e u t saeg o n 'h Cou t s d fr o tt o r o kn u g n n a i n p q ae tt r u d. l e r mu t ee t il i SuprmeCour- a iai ofFl i l Re e v Se ),De '(/(tr -71 F. 'orda e ts pplc ton orda aw. av s , c ? p t?'7?r. 7 3d 88 903( 1hCi. 1 )(-' Fl i SuprmeCour- i eprttonolsaelw i bi ngon 6, 1 t r 20 3 -7he orda e ts ntr eai -tt a s ndi l r lc t.l vheUnied St t sSupr Conr ha i tuc e ust ûsae c t a et kde a ours' . l ' t ae eme t s nsr t d hat -t t ours r he uli at expost sofsat l - and f alcour slar bound by t rconsructonsexcepti tm e ior t e aw ' eder t -e hei t i n e r me cr m sa es' M u l y v Wibu 421U. 684.69l( 975) Howe r t si nota xte icu t nc .' lane . l r, S. 1 . ve , hi s m i a i ton ofs a e l w . I t ,i i c ea on is f e t tt Fl i Supr m e Cour e r s pplca i t t a ta her t s l r t ac ha he orda e t r ed w he a yi a w eln ppl ng lknow n a esabls s a e pr e r ba 'c l tng ti lc ns ' nd t i hed t t oc du al r ont a i r a ou els t iur t p es ve t is on a alw ih a pr e alba oft i f e tve a s s a e of ' l e o r er he s ue a t ppe t oc dur r he ne f c i s it nc appelat counselcl m . le ai ap iaton ofsa el i one whih t Coul m us de e . W he t sa ecoulsha ale plc i tt aw s c he ' t t fr n hc tt ' ve r ady t a we edt que ton ofhow an is woul ha bee r ol d unde t tsae' lw ha ns r he s i s ue d ve n es ve r ha t t s a d defns c ns ld e wha t pe ii ra gueshc s dha done,' e r lha asc t e e ou e on t he ttone r houl ve t de a be ours f s d nots c gues t on s h mater' be a e kti a f houl e ond- s hem uc t s- c us k s undame a prncpl t tsa e i nt l i i e ha tt cou t a et fna ar tr o1sa e lw. Calahan v C' rs r he i l bie s - tt a ' l ' . ampbe l 427 F. 897, 2 ( 1 h l, 3d 93 1 t Ci. r2005)( ot ton ma ksom it d) qu ai r te . Appl ngsa e 1 whi h r quied ' vi nc oftm pe i ' i addii t abr a i t yi tt aw c e r è de e a rng' n e ton o e k n he c n ofc t hai us ody, he c ' f t oul ound t ta l t c t ha ppela e ouns w a noti f c i f f ii t pr e el s nef e tve or a lng o es nt a cai wh t cour woul ha tn al pr l m en he t d ve t 1 obabiiy f i lt ound t unde l ng cai t bewihout he ryi l m o t s e m na i e di ppelat m e i f m uli e r a ons - Ove t 976 So. a 574. Thi det r i ton r gar ng a l e rt or tpl e s v - r on, 2d t c ouns lspe f manc i ar s bl a ia i o1cla l e t bls d l r Iw.I i e ' ror e s ea ona e pplc ton - e ry sa ihe kde al a t s a omai t tc e ca bedelci f rii anon- iorousobe i Se Owe v xi tc ha ouns l nnot i ent or asng mert i j cton. e n . Se Lf De '( ' r,568I.d 8 91 ( 1hCi. c y. or p t? Cor . ( '3 94, 5 1 t r 2009)(: t unde l ngcai lc 'As he ryi l m a ks mei,g c elc nnotbedefci f f lngt riei.) rt j ouns a i ent or aii o as t-.Mor r eve i t cli mi ' eove , n f he am ght ha ha mert t tal i n e ve d i, ha one s ot nough wihoutar as bl pr biiy cfs ce s See t e ona e oba lt ) uc s . ////fr?v M c l 575 F. 1 .1 65(11h Ci. a /z- ( . hki. ç 7l 3d 251 264t r 2009) lheCou tdoe notfnd t .r s i he Fl i Supr me Cour- deer natonoft sc am t be unr a onabl Ha asr le i de ed. orda e ts t mi i hi l i o es e. be ei f s ni B) Br yl glo c ai ad Gi i l m M r Ove t sfna s cli f ha asr le i t tt St t wihhed tc iial . ron' i l ub- am or be ei f s ha he a e t l lrtc i a mpe chme evi nce' n i f ld t dic os t tt lII1 had pr vi l dec i d t nt de 'whe t aie o s l e ha he ') -t e ousy lne o l c onduc t tng on s mplsc lc e by Dr Pope i adil e m u derc s (-t)J (' se Alen t esi a e ole t d . n fbr nt r a e. // , -ha p' . v St e 662 So.d 3 ( a.1 ) FDLI de i d t c . at . 2 23 Fl 995). I clne o onduc t ts i be us of t he e tng ca e 46 - onfi tng lbes' nd e den s m plsnotb ng pa ge i t e r econt ne s- Thi i ' lci a l'a vi ce a e c ei cka d n ' pa at s ai r .' s s Mr Ov l sBl d cai (DE 1 a 1 .Mr Ove t f t rar st t Stt mila . elon' . y l m. L 1 t 02) . ron urhe gue hathe ae se d a tej r b i ligd rn co iga g me t h t- e nwa lf o Mis M a l o ' tih h uy y mpy n u ig lsn ru n t a ' me s et n sy cv rs hg s w ih t r s bl i e e t i bc ong t O ve t as wel. Thi i M r O ve t sG i i t he ea ona e nf r nce hat t l ed o r on 1' s s . r on' glo cam.(DE 1 a 1 .Mr Ove t riedhi Br )' ai i hi sat habe pettona r s d li t 1 t 09) . ron as s ad , m n s t e cl as ii nd aic hi Gi i cam (ot e e t si aGi i cam)i hi s ce sveposconvitonmoto s glo li t he xtnt hi s glo li n s uc si t ci in. 'he Fl r da Su em e Cour f l oi pr t ound bot oft s a gum e s t be w ihoutm e i. h he e r nt o t rt i Brady cl m . ai W ih r ga d t t alege e de e t tDr Pope' DN A w or ha bee s oppy i t e r o he l d vi nc ha . s k d n l n ot ca e .t Stt i con-c t tt r c dbenoprj c wiht spa tc ar her s s he ae s e t ha hee oul eudic t hi riul Br y cli Fis,t al ge e de e wih r gar t Pope' pe f m a i ad a m. rt hc le d vi nc t e d o s ror nce n Ale 85 So. 1 ln. 4 2d 255,i ofm i m a val Ove t ha noti ntted whehe s ni l ue. ron s de ii t r t sal ge smia soppy wor oc uredbe or orafe Pope' DN A wor i t hi le d i lr l k c r f e tr s k n he i t ntc e.Addii ly,t sevi e r t e t onl t twhi h occ r d i ns a as tona l hi denc e l c s y ha c ur e n an he c es at rt n pr di e denç oft tw hi h oc r d i t i t nt ot r as r he ha ovi ng vi e ha c cur e n he ns a ca e.Sec s ond,t c l ngespr e e by Ove t s c he hale es nt d ron' ouns t Pope dur ng ti l el o i ra weesgnii a .Popcwa i c d wihe de ofhi c r i tc nt s mpea he t vi nce s onduc i t i tnt t n he nsa ca e.A l wih ot f m s ofi pea hm e sOve t s c s ong t her or m c nt r on- ouns lelc t d e i ie evi nc f om Pope t he t a pored pi c ofcvi e t hi hom e a pl c d de e r hat r ns t e es denc o s nd a e evi ncei hi hous hol r fi r or whih i n c tle a a sor ge fciiy de n s e d e rge at - c s ot erii d s t a a lt o l b.'hi e de e di i pe h Pope a t ale e denc ofs m ia r a l s vi nc d m ac ' , nd he l ged vi e i lr s o w or i a he c e w oul be c ul tve. Pontce l v St e 941 l ppy k n not r as d um a i See i li . at , So. 1 1 87(Ja. )( di t tt ale d Br y mae ilwas 2d 073, 086- 1l 2006 hol ng ha he lge ad tra m e el c ul tve t t s g fca i pez hm en t tale y occ r d du i r y um a i o he i nii nt m c t ha r ad ur e r ng ti ,s t r wa noprj c f aBr yvi ai ;Gu manv Sl e,8 So. ral o hec s eudie or ad oltonl z . at 68 2d 49 , 0 ( l.0 3 (o cu igta te ewa n p eu c u d rBr d be a e 8 5 8 Fa2 0 ) c n l dn h t h r s o rj die n e a y c us wih t sgni c nti pe ch e e denc t twaspr en e dur ng ti l t he i t a m a m nt vi e ha i es t d i r a , e de oft r vi nce he ewar gi n t t w ine sby t St t w oul have be m e e y d ve o he t s he a e d en r l c a i . r or t spa tculrBr y cai i as wihou m e i. umultve) The ef e. hi ri a ad l m s lo t t rt Overt 976 So. at563. M r Overon hasdone ver ltl t show t t det m i i of on, 2d . t y ite o hat he er naton t Fl i Su e e Cour wasan u eas bl a i a i ofcl ry esabls l w ora he orda pr m t nr ona e pplc ton ea l t i hed a n unr a ona e de e m i ton oft f c s o he t n t as e tc us r s a e e s s h as'ha e s bl t r na i he a t t r ha o s r oncl o y t t m nt uc û d ted fn ea di t r t ej dg a dj r b e ma ea r ofDr Po esrpuainf rs o d h e e s n n un h u e n uy e n d wae . p ' e tto o h d y e de ec lcton,f u or whovotd f lf c dha be pes dedt quesi t vi nc ole i ourj r s e 0r ie oul ve en rua o ton he Stt sDNA e de e.'(D1 11a 1 ) ae' vi nc ' I - t 03. ï . M r Ove t a s t hei ' ild t ahe i on hi Br y cai t tt St ewihhed . ron s ers s - te o ent arng s ad l m ha he at t l evi nc r ga di DocPope' pat r a pr tc ofs de e e r ng s te n nd aci e hoddy e denc c l c i t c que . vi e olc ton e hni s' ' (DE 1 a l .Howe ,hepr desno b i f s ane ilmentTheCour doe no fnd r ) t 00) ver ovi ass or uch ntte . t s ti t de e mi i n oft Fl i Supr Cou tt be un e s bl nordoest Cour fnd t t he t r nato he orda eme r o r a ona e he t i ha M r O ve t i en il d t an e de i y he rng i f de a cot t . ron s tte o vi ntar a i n e r l l . r Ast scli wasde i d on t me is ha asr i c n onl be gr nt d i t Fl i hi a m c de he rt , be elef a y a e f he orda Supr e Cour ' de e m i ton - es t d i a de i i t tw a c r r t ori ve a em ts t r na i - ule n r c s on ha s ont a y o, nvol d n unr a ona e a i a i of cl a l es a i hed f de all , det r i d b t Supr m e Cour e s bl pplc ton , e ry t bls e r aw as e m ne y he e t oft e Unie Stt s'ort es t d i ade son t twa bas d on an unr as bl detr i ton h t d a e ,' b ule n r cii ha s e e ona e e m na i oft f t i lghtoft e de e pr ent d i t s a e c t oce di ' 28 U. C, he ac s n i he vi nc es e n he t t our pr e ng.' S. j 4( (l-2) l ma ngs hadee mi i t Cou'ma onl c i rterc dt t ' d) )( . n ki uc 225 tr naton, he l y y onsde h e or ha t wasbeor t saec t SeeC' lnv Pi se ,1 S. .1 1 ( 1(' enow hol f e he tt our. ule . nholtr 31 Ct 388, 398 201 )W d t tr e u j225 d)1 i lmie t t rcor t twasbef et sat c r t t ha eviw nder 4( ( ) s i td o he e d ha br he t e ou tha a j d c tdt ecam o temeis' . du iae h li n h rt.) 1,a t r vi w ,t Cour c f fer e e he t oncl dest tM r O ve t s i led e t r28 U. C. u ha . ron atss ihe S. j 2254( (1 or( ( ,t n t Cou ts ddeemi i hei c ildt pes ntaddii l d) ) d)2) he he r houl tt ne f s ntte o r e tona evi dence i suppor ofhi cl m i a f alevi i y hearng. To be entted,M r.Overt n t s ai n eder dentar i il on mus s dii nc Se Po r Sec) De 'f '. r .680l. 1 1 1 ( 1hCi. t how lge e. e pe . & p t? (X r, J3d 27 , 289 1 t r / 201 (-n gene a , rpr e nts t twhe a pe ii r que t d a evi ntar he i a 2)-l r l ou ec de ays ha n ttoner c s e n de i y arng t 48 e r a opra esa i sae c t wasde ed ahe rng on t c am e iey,he ve y ppr it tge n t t our and ni ai he l i ntr l t pe ii rha s ile t dii cer quie ttone s atsi d he lgen e r mentf pu pos sofav di Se i 2254( )2)' . or r e oi ng cton e ( .) ' l oweve ,i p ii rf l t deve op t f ct ba i o1a cl i i a s a e c r pr e di l r fa ettone ais o l he a ual s s - a m n t t ou t oc e ngs a e de ir he rngi bard.Se Wilums3 Al ama, 1 W L 391 40,*8( 1hCi. n vi ntay a i s re e li , ab ' . 20 5 67 1t r 201 (-n t sc extt Supr meCou tha -xpli dt ttai'c 5)k hi ont ,he l e r s e ane ha t l' onnotss omison, f e ome si ful,o n i nce'ont patoft peii r...Il ,k fiur t devel t fcua bass a t r eglge he r he ttone thus a al e o op he a t l i ofacl m i notesabls unl st r i lckofdii nc ors egr atrf t atrbut et ai s t ihed es he e s a lge e, om e e aul, ti abl o t prs rort prs ' c ns v' .Onc t e ilm e t a evi nta y hea i i he ione he ioners ou el'' ) e he ntte nt o n de ir rng s r s ve t Cou tw oul c e ol d, he r d onduc a de nov r vi oft cl i . Jone v W al e 5 F. t o e ew he a m s . k r, 40 3d 1 1 n.5( lhCi. 277, 288 1 t r 2008)(nbancl .? aloGr nv Nelon, F. 1 1 l( 1h e .j e s ee . s 595 3d 245, 25 1 t . ( Ci. 0)(i ngsaec r unras r 201 tndi tt out e onabl detr nedt f t under225 d)2)a a yi y emi he acs 4( ( nd ppl ng denov r e .Her,aferrvi ngt r or bef et sat c tt Cour doe notfnd o eviw) e t e ewi he ec d or he t e our, he t s i t tM r Ove t ha s ifed28U. C.j 4( ( )or( ( .Theef e,afderle de ir ha . ron s atsi S. 225 d) 1 d)2) r or e a vi ntay he rng i notr quie l de ng t s c ai st Fl i Su em e C our f nd t tM r O ve t ai s c r d. n nyi hi l m he orda pr t ou ha . ron t l t s prj c r r or s ' t ttndi a doe ceal esa ihedfdea àied o how eudie.'he ec d uppols ha s ng, s s l ry tbls e rl t l Br y,t Supr me Coul esa ihed t e c ie i acrmi ldef nda mus pr e i n ad he e ' t bls t hr e rt ra i na e nt t ov n or rt esa ih a vi aton ofdue pr e sr s tng fom t pr e uton' wihhol ng of de o t bls ol i oc s e uli r he os c i s t di evi nc Spe fc l t dee de e. ciialy, he fndantale ngaBr y vi ai mus de lgi ad olton t monsrt (1 t tt tae: ) ha he pr e ton s es e evi e ( t t e de esu es edwasf abl t t de e nt os cu i uppr s d denc . 2) hat he vi nc ppr s avor e o he f nda ore pa or an ( t tt e dc e s es ed wasm aeral ('ied Sl e v Sev r j xcul t y, d 3) ha he vi nc uppr s t i . v t at s . e dla. h 790 F. 1 2d 556,1 ( 1h Ci.1 . Evi nc i ma e i ' y i t ei a r s bl 558 1 t r 986) de e s t ral onl f her s ea ona e pr biiy t t ha t e de be dicl e t t dekns t r ul oft pr ee ng oba lt ha , d he vi nce en s os d f he l e. he cs t he oc di a woul ha be difrnt' t St e r St r,8201. 370,374( 1h Ci.1 7) d ve en fee . -Unied als . ewa t '2d 1 t r 98 ( ig Unied Sl e v Bagly,47 U. 667,6$2 ( 985). He e t Fl i Supr me Cour quotn l als . e 3 S. 1 ) r , he orda e t l n ta Mr Ov ro fi dt s o e i n et a Dr Po esp irs o to n sp eu ie bu d h t . e tn a l o h w vde c h t . p ' ro h rc mi g rj dc d e hi bec us i w oul have be c ul tve t t i or a i elcied durng c os - xa i ton. m a et d en um a i o he nf m ton i t i r s e m na i O v r on,976 So. a 563. el 2d t Att i ,d e e c ns c os - m i d Dr Pope a gr a l ng h r ga di hi e denc ral ef ns ou el r s exa ne . t e t e t e r ng s vi e c le to p o e u e .S egltl - 21 a 8 & g l - 2 1a l 1 ) Dee ec u s l l i d o lcin r c d r s ( e ll 3 1 1 t 0 DE 3 1 2 t - 4 . fns o n e ei t ' ce on cr s e m i ton t tDr Pope di notknow w ha da e orwhen he l be e t s a t en os - xa na i ha . d t t a l d he w bs ak fom t ci s e (DE 1 l a 2) Dr Popef tert tledt hef l t ma a r he rme c ne. L 3- 22j t . . urh esii hat aied o ke pope t rceptt ts d,lse ordecrbe t s r ry e i ha howc itds s i d he wabstkenof t vitm.(J.a 9) a f he ci / t . Popc t s ii d t tt c wasa poi i tm e whe t s e tte ha her nt n i n he wabs we e una e t b l at d b t e r bl o e oc e y h M onr Cou y She ir sD e t e . D r Pope a s t tled t he t t e de e t hi oe nt rt parm nt . l o es i- hat ook he vi nc o s i homeandnott a evi ncesorgefclt (DE 1 -1 at21.'hes o n de t a a iiy. I 3 231 ) l wabswer pl e i Dr e ac d n . Pope' p s s eronalhome r rge at .Del ec s c os - xa i d Dr Pope r r ng hi efi r or kns oun el r s e m ne . ega di s satment t tpr ' r c pt a e ' pai i t but-asi - pe wor 'i ge r .(J.a 25) t e s ha opely e ei s r : n n he t' s ' r k- n ne al / t . t a pa 1r Pop tsii dtathet t physca evi nce(. :matr spa c orc,a be s e) ). e e tle h ook he i l de ie. tes d, omf tr nd d he t t hi homet h t m t dr -e f rhe t sis d t thedi notplcea pa t c t h o s o ang he o y.l u t r e tte ha l d a ny per o a c -r es epi ' unde ne h t e s mpl swhe t y wer hung t dr (d.a 49) De ens - ac we ngs' r at h a e t n he e o y. l t . f e c ouns la s cr s e m i Dr Pope abouthi t ng t m atr spa t O ra e l o os - xa ned . s aki he tes d o l ndo on Dec m ber e 1 1 t ' vea ps hi c ula l a t sufv (J.a 53) Theta por t Ora 7, 992 o ha yc c ons t nt ook t he t f' / t . ' r ns t o lndo oc ur e be br t m atr s pad wasgi en t t FD IE f D NA t tng. C l a l def e c r d l e he t e s v o he - or es i e r y, ens 50 c u e efcieyc o se a n d1r P p s c t a t ej r wa a r o h su c n e to a o ns l fe tv l r s-x mie ) . o e u h h t h u y s wae f i n o v nin l pr c iesr ga di t c lc i and sor geofevi nce. a tc e r ng he ole ton t a de Ha ng r vi vi e ewedt sa ec l r c d, heCour c nnotfnd t de son oft Fl i he t t ou' e or t t ta i he cii he orda S p e Cou t n e s n b e Th c u tbu dt a Mr Ov ro fi dt e tbl hp eu c a u rme r u ra o a l . e o r t n h t . e tn al o sa i rj die s e s rq ie b Br d b c u etej r wa a r o Dr P p ' ' lp ywo k' n ,h r f r, n e urd y a y e a s h uy s wae f . o es ' o p r 'a d tee o e a y s a tona e de e woul ha bee c ultve.? Ov ron,976 So. a 563.Ther co d ddii l vi nc d ve n um a i ' e t 2d t e r s pporss h a fndi u t uc l ng. Dr Popewa r pe e yc le d by defns c e r r ng hi t c que i t . s e atdl ha lnge e e ouns l ega di s e hni s n he pr e va i a t s i ofD NA s m pl s. l w a no unr s bl l t cour t tnd t tha es r ton nd e tng a e t s t ea ona e br he t o i ha d t ej r b e a r o a oh rc s i whc Dr P p c n u tdh se ie c c lci ni a h u y e n wae f n te a e n ih . o e o d ce i vd n e ol to n e smia f s on,i woul notha ma adif enc M or ov ,e i t Coul b i d t i lr a hi t d ve de fer e. e er ven f he ' eleve he t Fl i Supr m e Cou ts de e m i i t be a i or e one,unde A ED PA de e e e t t orda e r ' t r naton o n nc r ct r f r nc ha al i note one s nough t g anthab sr lelt Cotr m us as lndt tthe ei no pos i lt o r ea e il he lt t lo s ha ' r s t sbiiy fi- n e j rssc uddia ret a t esaec r- d csonc nlcswihrl i dS ae armid d u it o l s g e h t h tt outs e ii o lit t tnt tts c SuprmeCoullprc nt. Har igt v Ri e -1 1S.Ct 770,786( 11 .l ot wor , c ' e ede s' rn on . chtr 3 t ' . 20 ) n her ds -Il ac tonf obti ngh a c pusr i fom afderlcour, saeprs rmus 'a s ondii or ani abe s or elef r e a ta tt ione t s ow t tt sa ecour' r i on t e cli beng pr entd i f r coul wa s l kig i h ha hc tt ts ulng h am i es e n kde al ' s o ac n n t yf/#c D/ t t e wasan e r wclunde sood an c 'x t w/ ? hat her l l ror l rt d ompr nde i e si lw be ond ehe d n xitng a y 2 'he c tal o poi ed outt tM r O ve t 'ha noti ntle w het rt s a l ge 2 l our s n nt ha . ron - s de is d he hi le d sm iarsoppy wor occ r d bef e ora t rPope- DN A wor i t i t tc e.' v r on, 6 i l l k ur e or fe s k n he ns an as ' O e t 97 So. a 563. H e e, oo,M r O ve t ha a s f l t pr de t ti or a i -he r c d 2d t r t . r on s l o aied o ovi ha nf m ton. l e or suggest t l Pope w oul have t s hat )r. d aken t s pl i t ll Chase A len case som etm e he am es n he -oyd l i at rNove r 1 1 le mbe 3- 991, heda eofDor hy Crbbs mur r The mur r oft M a l sand t t ot i ' de . de s he c vor t evi nc coleci oc uredonora Augus 22,1 l ( eI '8 1la 4) he de c l ton c r bout t 99 . Se Dl - t . f an pos i lt f fimi ddiagec . l at786- ( y sbiiy or ar nde s r ment' d. ' 87 emphassadde .M r Ovet ha i d) . ron s no done s Ha sr le i de e t o. bea e i f s ni d. i.Gi i cl m i glo ai M r Ove t a s ar . ron lo guest tt Stt comm it aGi i vi a i 3f alowi l r ha he a e ted glo oltonz or l ng ) . Popet tsiy t tt r wa s m e on M r .M ac vorsbody wihou s tcinte de east t o e tf ha he e s e n s l ' t t ufi e vi nc o he pr s nc ofs men. M r Ove t a s c t ndst tt p os ut ' c osng a gumenti ple ee c e . ron lo on c ha he r ec ors l i r m id t t sme mac d Mr Ovet sDNA.( eg)E 11a 1 .Durngt posc ci hathe e n the . ron' Se l t 09) i he tonviton pr ee ngs M r Ove t s oc di , . ron oughtaddii lINA t si l cic tc r de e t e moton tona J e tng.'' r ui ou t ni d h he i and t Fl i Supr m e Cour af im ed. he orda e t fr Fi l durng hi i ta a naly, i s nii l ppea , ron fl d am o i r si DNA t tng l Ove t i e ton eque tng esi on s er lpi c ofevi nc f om t c i e s e .l t o s r t or r ,t ev a e es de e r he rm c ne n w epa a e de s he cr i c tg an e Ove t sm oton i pa' a or r t Fl rda icut our r t d ron' i n l, nd de ed he o i t Depa t e ofIaw Enf ce rm nt a or ment(7 f t conduc t si on c ran evi e. lDLI) o t e tng e ti denc ( n N ove ber 1 2004-lDIE i s a r por de aii t r uls oft ) m 5. 7 - s ued e t t lng he es t he c tor e I N A t tng.l t tr por .Fl IE i c e t thno a ys s was our - der d I es i n ha e t ) - ndi at d ha - nal i pr f med-on t ees sofs bst ke fom t body 01Sus n M a vor e or - hr et wa a n r he - a cl co aned wihi t Sc As a tVitm ' Exa na i ( nt i t n he xual s ul c i s mi ton SAVE)ki. or t n t M e ha s ve ye r l t r on le uar 24,20 1 O ve t fl d a m o i t c pe t e n a s a e - ' br y 2. r on i e ton o om l he t si oft et e s bsa lgi t t des t hi dii nte f t t s cur e tng hos hr e wa le ng ha , pie s lge fors o e e 2 Gi i cli a ea's cesofBr y e r 'and e s ' n t undicl ed e d e 3 glo a ms r ipe i ad ror' xit : whe he s os vi enc d mo tae ta tep o e ui n sc s icu e p ru e tsi n a dta t ep o e u in e nsrts h t h r sc to ' ae n ld d ej rd etmo y n h t h r s c to k e o s o l h v k o o h p ru y' V ntr v At è (e .41 F.d 1 6 ,1 7 - 7 n w r h ud a e n wn fte ej r . e u a . t) î n, 9 3 2 9 2 6 7 ' , ' ( 1h Ci.2005) A pr e ut ha adut t dicos evi nceofa pr iem a by t sa e 1t r . os c or s y o s l e dc ny om s de he tt t ap os cu i wine si e angef hi t tmony.Seef / pv Unie &f/5 405 U. 1 0 o r e ton t s n xch br s csi ik#( . t d ,c' ? , S. 5 ( 972) Thi i cs cily tue whe t t tmony oft wines i es e i t t sa e' c s 1 . s s pe a l r n he esi he t s s s ntal o he tt s a e. Se labe v Wai ghl 756 1. 1 e i r , nvvi , 72d 520,1 ( 1h Ci.1 . -0 m a ou a vai Gi i 523 1 t r 985) 1 ke t ld glo ' cam, p tto e ' t sa ls t a ( )tep oscl rk o n l usdp ru e t si n o li a ei n rû e tb ih h t l h r e to n wigy e ej r d e tmo y r i mus t fie t c rctwha hes e ntyl r dwa f s t tmony' ( s hus wa maeral ald o ore t ubs que l eane s ale esi , 2) uc e s t i and - ie ,t tt r i a r s bl lke i . . ha he e s ny ea ona e i lhood t tt tts t s i ony coul have afec e t ha he tl e e tm d f t d he j udgme . Davi v Ier 465F.d 1 1 ( lhCi. nt- s . -ry. 3 249, 253 1 t r 2006)( c im)( ttonma ks per ura quoai r , at r tons a ct i om itd) le a i , nd iaton te . 52 t tng,FDLE ha f l t t tal oft e denc asor e by t cicui cour. esi d aied o es l he vi e der d he r t t The c r tc tde ed Overon- m oton a m erte s icui our ni t s i s il s . T0esa ihe ilme t DNA t tngunde Rul 3. c)5)A) adefnda tbls ntte nt o esi r e 853( ( ( , e nt m us fr tde ons r t b ha phys c e dunc t tm a c a n DN A s ile s s' t is m t a e b t t i al vi e ha y ont i tl xi t . ' /t/ T St e 93lSo. 807,820( a. - / ' at. ? . 2d F1 2006)( i Fl R. i P. quotng a. crm. 3. c( ( ) W enot o die a lt tt e mi tonoft s bs 853()5)A). cd n rct ppea ha he xa nai he wa f om Sus n' body f ie t r a t pr enc ofs r c l , e Ov r on / 80l r a s a l d o eve l he es e pe m els se et , So. at883,a Ove t ha f ie t pr s nta evi ncet co r di t our 2d nd ron s a ld o e e ny de hat nta cs hol ng.Durng t mor t n s venye gbewe t FIDE r por a hi m os di i he e ha e ar t en he - e t nd s t r ce moton t compel t r c d demonsr t st tOve t neve c a t d e nt i o . he e or ta e ha ron r ont c e FDLE t de e n why' a ys swa pr f med'on t t ees t ofs bs o t nni e - nal i s e or ' he hr es wa . no l e al o has f l t e ai why lD1E woul nott tt e t e s s ofs - s l aied o xpl n 7 v d es h hr e et wabs whe i wa j cilyo d e t dos Ove t di notc ac FDIE ort n t s udi al r erd o o. ron d ont t - he a l tt pe f m e t ts i ( econtcti br a i w'sls e on t e nays hat ror d he e tng whos a nl m ton a it d h r por) ors e r i ffom t cicui cour afe her ceve t FDLE r t e t, e k ele r he r t t l r e i d he epor. Acc di y.wec udet tt c r ui c tpr pe l f or ngl oncl ha he ic t our o ry ound t tt FDLE ha he r por- ch sacst ti pe f m e DNA a l i on s e twhi t t ha t r or d nayss omc s m pl s no t a es but t he s t ofs e s wabst ke fom Sus n' body- consse wih pr vi e denc a ni a s was it nt t e ous vi e whih i cae t ti ufi i ntgenei matra e se ont e s bst c ndi td ha ns tc e tc e i l xitd hes wa o c onduc DN A t tng. e afq m t cic tcour' deni oto ve t sm oton t t es i W tr he r ui ts al - roni o com pel . Ov ronp St e 1 So. 1 * ( a. l . e t . at, 29 3d 069, 4 Fl 20 3) Ha ng r viwe t saecour r cor t Cou ttndst Gi i cli une used. vi e e d he t t t e d, he r s he glo am xha t W hiei i tuet tM r Ove t ss l t s r ha . ron' oughta tona DNA t tng ofs ddii l esi wabst ke fom M r . a n r s M ac vor s body,h di notas e ta G i i vi a i M r O v t di no a gue t cl i a a l ' c d sr glo ol ton. . eron d t r he a m s (i i)vi a i on a al l tad. hecli wa a gue t tt - ni ofmoton t c .gl( olton i ppe . nse t a m s r d ha he ' al de i o ompel DNA t tng wasa abus ofdic e i whe et Stt f l t f l t ti c tsi ta esi n e s r ton r he a e aied o olow he ral our' nii l or r'(DE 1 361 a 28- .The eor,t saec t havenotha a oppo t t t de . g 3- 1 t 39) r f e he tt ours ' dn runiy o consi t m ert ofa Gi i cl m . der he is glo ai A s M r O ve t di notm a a Gi i cl m i hi pos c . . ron d ke glo ai n s t onvi ton pr e ngs he i ci oc edi , s l ecl ed fom bri ng one her '' pr l exhaus s at r edi M r O vert m us f ry br os r ngi e. lo opery t t e em es, . on t ail pr e e r is r s d i hi f r pe ii t t s at ' hi s c r .Se Cas il v es nt ve y s ue aie n s ede al tton o he t e . ghe t ou t e tle . î ' Pe pls, 9 U. 346, (1 9)( o e 48 S. 35l 98 emphassa d) k he ape ii f ist pr ry r ie i dde .b n ttoner a l o ope l a s W hi f de alcai i sa eco t hede i st St t ofk n opporuniy t addr s t ecl m s s e r l ms n tt ur, prve he ae a t t o e s hos ai i t fr ti t nc an fusr est Stt sa lt t honorhi c tt i lrght . Cone v n he is nsa e' d r tat he a e' biiy o s onsiutona i s' ' . Bel 1 S. .1 1 0 ( l. 29 Ct 769, 78 2009)(ntr lciai omit . i c na ttons ted) Or narl af de alhabe sc puspe ii whih c ansunexha t cai si di iy, e r a or tton c ont i used l m s dimi s d pur ua tt Ro e v Lund 455 U. 509,522 ( 982) alowi M r Ove t t r t n s se s n o s . y, S. 1 , l ng . ron o eur t t sa e f um t pr s thi unc us e cl i . H ow e r s h a r ul i t si t nc o he t t or o e en s xha t d a m ve s uc es t n hi ns a e woul be f tl ,snc M r Ove t st xha td eli i now i pa eofex usi a t d u ie i e . ron' me use a m s nca bl ha ton t he sae lvela woul bepr dur lyba r d unde Fl i l M r Ove t ha alea purue tt e nd d oce a l re r orda aw. . ron s r dy s d a di e tappe land fl m uli e pos c cton m otons i s a e c r ,w ih t de aloft e rc a ied tpl t onvi i i n t t ou t t he ni hos mo i a fr e on a al2 Be us t ea e no pr e ala tons fim d ppe . 4 ca e her r oc dur venue r m ani a ia ei s e i ng va lbl n Flrd whc wo l alw Mr Ov ro t rt r t tesaefr m a de h u ttes b e t o i a ih ud l o . e tn o eu n o h tt o u n x a s h u j c eai .hecai i lke s pr dur ly de a t d fom f de alr vi w. C' le v Jone ,91 l m t l m s i wie oce a l f ule r e r e e olir . s 0 l. 770,773( 1hCi.1 ( r dimis t alow exha ton ofune J2d 1 t r 990)whee s salo l usi xhause cli td ams woul bef iedue t sa epr edu a bar cai a epr e aly ba r i f der lc ta d utl o tt oc r l , l ms r oc dur l red n e a our s Ha a r le- tb de ed. be s e ilmus e ni 21 Fl i ,is swhih coul bebuta enotr ie on die ta 4n orda s ue c d r as d r c ppea m a notbct l y he s j c o- s bsquentRul 3. motonf pos-onvitonr i .Kenne y v St e 547 ube t 1a u e e 850 i or tc ci elef d , at, So. 91 ( a 1 .Furhc.e n i hes j c cam wasamc bl t c lng purua tt a 2d 2 Fl. 989) t r ve ft ub c t li na e o hale e s n o R u e 3. m oton-i c l 850 i t annotnow be r s d i a l t rRul 3. m oton bec e- e unde ai e n a e e 850 i aus exc pt r lm ied cicum st i t r ances notpr enther ll i l bar s es e, 'or da aw M s uccessi Rul 3. m otons. See ve e 850 i PI R. i P.3. 9.Se c/' Moor v St e 820SO. 1 205( a.2002)hol ngt ta ' Crm. 850( a. e ?.y q ( e . ats 2d 99, Fl ( di ha s con ors c sve m oton f pos - onvi ton t le c be de e on t gr e d uc es i i or t c c i e i f an ni d he ound t ti i a ha t s n abus ofpr s i t r i no r s f f ii t r s t is si t pr vi moton) e oce s f he e s ea on or a lng o aie he s ue n he e ous i . 1 1 Tes i ony ofJam esR obe til e c ' Zi nt k' 1 . tm r tà s i' e e s M r Overon' t r cl m f f r lhabe r i c ai t c s cl m s l hr e . t s hid ai or ede a as elef ont ns hr e ub- ai .Al t e agumensar ba e ont ti tsi r t e s d he ral etmonyofJ me Zintk.(l 1 a 1l 1 .Fis,Mr a s e e k)E 1 t 0- 53) rt . Ove t as e t t a ti lc elwa i f tve f -f lngt i pe ch Pe c ' sa e e s'(J. ron s rs h t ra ouns s nefcci or 'aii o m a s is tt m nt. / a 1l1) Se ond,M r Ove t c e t tt St t vi a e Br y p M ar and a Gi i v t . c . ron ont nds ha he ae olt d ad . yl nd glo . Unie St e wheni f l t dicl et tt s ii ac td ats t aied o s os ha û c s ompuli chr clar ( t Stt pe sve, oni i , j he ae pr e e f leormi la ngt tmony i or rt obt n Ove t sc c i a s nt nc ' es ntd a s se di csi n de o ai ron' onviton nd e e e. ' Ass h, r Ove t as e t t thi due pr e srght unde t Foure h Ame uc M . ron s rs ha s oc s i s r he tent ndme t t nt o he Unie St t Consiuton wa vi atd. / atl . Fi l M r Overon ar t thi du t d aes tt i s ol e (J. 42) naly. . t gues ha s e pr ce srg swe evi a e whc t c tf l t -gr nta lgaly s fc e m oton t o s i ht r olt d n he our àicd o - a e l ufi i nt i o ds u lf'tep e ii gj d eb c u etej d ep e iigo e Mr Ov ro sRue38 iq aiy'h rsd n u g e a s h u g r sdn v r . e tn' l .51 p o e dn sw' as t ep e ii gj d efrM r Zine scvlc mmime tp o e dn s (d. r c e ig a lo h rsd n u g o . e tk' ii o t n r c e ig . l s a 1 3) t3 . J me Zintki avi en s lofe r (l ï13- 33la 1 l.Att tmeofMr a s e e s ol t cxua f nde . I7l 1 t 4 ) he i . Ove t spr tildet i M r Zint washous d att M onr Cou y De e i Ce e ron' e-ra enton, . e ek e he oe nt t nton nt r awatng ti on c r ofs xua ba tr s xu a s ul,r r gr nd t f aut a r ssi ii ral ha ges e l te y, e al s a t obbe y, a he t o nd e itng a es wihoutvi enc (d. 1 ) hiehewa i a c rtd, devel dafinds pwih n- t t ol e.l at 6. .W l s nc r eae he ope re hi t M r O v t M r Zi nt k t tled t tM r Ovc t pr ded hi wih s cii de aisoft . eron. . e c es i i ha . r on ovi m t pe fc t l he M a vormur r a s cl de s nd howe hi t c i es e a a ops phot . / at27- ) M r d m he rm c ne nd ut y os (J. 28 . . Zi nt t tle t the ent r i o a pl a de w ih t St t w hi c le f a m axi u e ek esii d ha e ed nt e al t he a e ch a l d or m m ? -pes ' i one ofJ esZi ek' m any alas M r Zi ek us t l nam e kpes 5 - ci' s am ent s i es. . ent ed he ast û ci' s he c d l s y r pr s nthi s fa be ng r a e t t ac de y a a d w i ng a t , oe o oul blel e e e m el s i el t d o he a m w r nni c or J Pes . C l 1 a 68) ci(DE 3- 331 t . 55 snt eofs ve ye r (J. t63) e enc e n as./ a . Co n e frMr Ov ro b g nteco se a n to o M r Zine b a k n 'y o u s l o . etn e a h r s- x miain f . e tk y s i g - l u g aeala , r ty sr/-(d. 65) Couns lt npr e d t quesi M r Zi ekabou hi r ir aen- ou, it l at . ' e he oce de o ton . ent t s us ofmuli e ai s , sporr yala beng r aed t t a t ,J Pe c ,a hi boassof e tpl la es hi ta s i elt o he c or oe s i nd s t bei a s aed wih t i fa'i New Yor M r Zi ntk a ted t thehad le t t ng s ocit t he û i' n ma k. . e e dmil ha i d o he polc ledt M r Ove t a ie- i o . ron boutbei apar l l le abou t c r pendi a ns hi . ng aega , id t he ha ges ng gai t m a t theha cha d hi t tm on a nd ha d nge s csi y bouthow M r Ove t kne wher t M a vor lved. . ron w e he cl s i (IL 1 l a 1 .Couns cos -xa ne M r Zinekonwhehe orno heha a ce st ()' 3- 341 t 3) el r se mi d . e t t r t dc s o M r Ove t sc l whie M r Ove t wasnott r 'hedel edi no c os - xami M r . ron- e l l . ron he e. l kns d t r s e ne . Zi nt k a e e boutce t n i ntca m i s l wor c a ned i bot t polc r por sand M r rai de i l s peled ds ont i n h he i c e t . Zi ek' wrten s at ent ent s it t em s. Durng cl i a gum ent t St t a gue t tM r Zi nt s t tm on s d be i os ng r , he a e r d ha . e ek- es i y houl belev ,nots m uc bec us he wasa tus e and t t ndi m e be ofs i y w o t of i ed' o h a e r td l a ng m r oc et r hy ps bei bu be aus hekne deaisnotpublc l avalbl (l f1 1 a 2- .TheStt lef t c e w tl ialy ia c. ()l 3- 451 t 6) ae e xpounde on s r ldeaist sii d t by M r Zint k whi wer notknown o woul not d eve a t l e tfe o . e e ch e r d ha be l c t c e t whe fbrcai asor (J..TheStt sagume rgadi Mr ve en ogialo r ae n a i tng t y. / ) ae' r nt e r ng . Zi ek' t tmony wasa s a lfa ton ofcl i a gumen i compars t t sr ngt oft ent s esi m l rci osng r tn ion o he te h he e de eag ns M r Overon.l t def ns cl i c vi nc ai t . t n he e c osng, ouns ls htt dicr di M r Zint k by e oug o s e t . e e r bri t hi a ' r Zint k. s i St wal Gwa ki wha e res he- ca lng hi s f el rng o m s - . e e Pe c , one l, M vac , t ve le s li m el t tday. (DE 1 1 at26) ha ' I 3- 451 ' . A)Sti and f/lpl rckl rf/ y M r O vert sfrs s cl m i t couns w as i t i f f lng t cr s. on' i t ub- ai s hat el nefkctve or aii o os exam i ne 56 M r Zint kwhe i wa lkel t thec e ve bai , um e swhi h we ei M r Ove tn' . e e n t s i y ha opid, r tm doc nt c r n . ro s c l M r Ove t a s as e t t tdef ec el. . ron lo s rs ha ens ouns wasi fe tv f f ii t ofe t m s l el ne f c i e or a lng o f r he eves u aswines e durng ti l M r Ove t ave st tbe aus bot ofhi lwy sha s e M r p t s s i ra . . ron r ha c e h s a er d e n . Zint k wand i fe y a ound t a e ofM r Ove t scelwihouthi beng pr e , he e e erng r el r he r a . ron' l t m i es nt t y s d ha t s ii a houl ve e tfed boutw ha t y ha s n s t tt c e biiy o M r Zi nt k' t tm ony t he d ee o ha he r di lt f . e e s esi wo l h v b e c l d it q e to (DL 1 a 1 6 1 0 .Ese tal, . e tnalg st t ud a e e n al no u sin. L ' l t 1 - 2 ) s n ily Mr Ov ro le e ha e M r Zi n e ha u e t ed a e st t doc . e t k d nf ter cc s o he umen si hi c lwhi h c a ne i or ai n t n s el c ont i d nf m ton ot p bial a albe Th til outrjce b t te eag me t a dteFlrd S p e u l l v i l. e ra c r ee td o h h s r u n s n h o ia u r me c y a Cour a fr e Se Ov r ons976 So. at554- TheCou t t fim d. e e t 2d 56. r consde se h a gum e i t n. i r ac r nt n ur i i peachm entofM r.Zi ek' t i ony .m ent s estm M r Ove t contndst thi couns wa i f tve f f lng t i ac M r . ron e ha s el s nefec i or aii o mpe h . Zint st tmony a cha lngehi cr di lt h qu toni g hi aboutt m is lngso1 e ek- esi nd le s e biiy y esi n m he s peli t i tc wor u e i hi b ndwrtennots- t M onr Count polc r pors The he den ial ds s d n s k ha it e -and he oe y i e e t. Fl i Supr meCou tl orda e r bund t d i i nott i ac t ha bee r as he ec son o mpe h o ve n e onabl e. Thid,t de i i ofOveron' c r he c s on t s ouns lt pr e no f t wih i pe hm en e o oc ed urher t m ac t on Zi t k' ha rte not sand t polce r pol f om w hi h Zi t k' not s en e s ndw it n e he i e ' r t c en e s e a a ed t hav be n copi d diec l wasa r s ppe r o e e e r ty ea onabl s r t gi de s on. urng e ta e c ci i D i tee ie tayh ai g Gacatsi e t a amao g a o t ed fn ewa t h vd n ir e rn , ri e tt d h t j r o l f h e e s s o i ke fom t j yt fctt Ovet wasapas s pec i ot ci s ep r he ur he a hat ron t us t n her rme . Cons s e wih t sgoal O ve t sc l elll t - oton i Li i it nt t hi , ron' otns i ed he ' i n m ne M Re di Ot rO f e e ' on J nua y 20,l gar ng he f ns s- a r 999, hi h wasgr t d by t ti w c an e he ral cou t Sm ih and Gar i de i d a ns us ng t sm a e i f i pe hm entof r. t c a c de gai t i hi t ral or m ac Zi nt bec us t s doc e salo r e e d unc g a uns ve c i s e ek a e he e um nt s ef r nce har ed nd ol d rme f rw hi h O ve t w a a s pe a w oul ha opene t doort t St t t o c r on s us ct nd d ve d he br he a e o as quesi on t sa r e t c.Thi s r t gy wasdicus ed be w e c k tons hi dve s opi s ta e s s t en ouns l e a i wa a s dicus e wih Overon. moton i lm i t twasgr nt d nd t s lo s s d t t A i n i ne ha a e e uedt tt j ywoul notl r t tOvet wasaconvitd f on, ns r ha he ur d ean ha ron ce el and c ouns di notwantt r el d o eope t e dooron t t c.M or n h he opi eove , he St t w a rt ae s pr pa edt go t ough t ope d doo by r l e i t ot rcrmest t e r o hr he ne r ekr nc ng he he i ha a a e ont s docu e si ppe r d he e m nt fove t scouns had us t sm aeralf ron' el ed hi t i or i pea hm e . m c nt Cont a y t Overon- a gum e , he f a ofope ng t dooron rr o t sr nt t t r ni he ti tpi wa lgtmaea j r k owld eo Ov ro sp s iv v me twih h s o c s e ii t s u y n e g f e tn' a t n ole n t c i swoul ha negai l a f ctd couns ' a lt t de end on t em or rme d ve tvey fe e els biiy o f hes e s rousmur rcha ge 'he ef e, ron' c ei de r s.r r or Ove t s ouns wasno detcentf t el t i i or he sr t gi dec son no t i pe h Zi nt i t sm a r SeeJone 928 So. a ta e c i i t o m ac e ek n hi nne . s, 2d t 1l85. tc cton, ra el or . ron e tfe O v r on,976 So. a 555- l urng pos- onvi i ti lcouns f M r Ove t t sii d el 2d t 56. l i t att eybe me a r ofw i ia ii si adoc h h ca wa e - m l rte n s umentwrtc by t polcede rmenta n e it n he i pa t nd ot s t a wectk nb o wh c g e lr c ie a p r o tdt h v b e tk n b Mr P si' L h t r a e y r ih t y e ev d s u p re o a e e n a e y . e c. (DE h ' l 292 a 1 .Howe ,c e tsis dt tt r wa apr e wihrii t sasa is 3- 1 t 2) ver ouns l e tte ha hee s oblm t asng hi n sue bef et j ybe aus t polc r ta is c anedl ha g pr bl uns vedci s or he ur c e he ie epor t s ue onti - r ed, oba y ol rme unc t tt y w e e --t tt M onr Count She i t O fi e orot rdepa t e s we e oft ha he r ha he oe y r fMs lc he rm nt r he o ni t tMr Ove t wa gtlyofora las hewa as pe t-(#. t1 .M r Smih pi on ha . ron s lt i te t s us c. / a 3) . t ' t tfc t a i wast de ens ssr t gy t not-ope t doort ot runs ve c i e t tM r esi d h t t i he f e' ta e o û n he o he ol d rm s ha . Ovet wa as pe tof'(d..Thi wasclaryasrtgi de ii Furhe , r Gaca ron s us c . l ) s ' e l tae c cson. t r M . ri t sii d t tprort til t det e tl am o i i lm i t pr cl t St e fom e tte ha i o ra , he kns ied ton n i ne o e ude he at r me i ng t f tt tM r Ove t wa a s pe i ot runs ve crmesi M onr Count ntoni he àc ha . ron s us ct n he ol d i n oe y. (DE l 2931a 1 .'herc ds g 3t 5) l e or howst tiwa ac itntdet esrtgyt notha t ha t s onsse kns tae o ve he j r lar t tMr Ovet wa asu pe ti ot ci s s iialya op muder uy c n ha . ron s s c n her rme , peclc l n en r i tgaton. nves i i 'he ll i Supr m e Coul f l 'or da e ' ound t tt s wasa r a ona e s r t gi de s on. t ha hi e s bl ta e c ci i The Fl i Sup em e Cour ' c cl i i wel w ihi t boundsofr ona e s unde A ED PA . or da r ts on uson s l t n he eas bl nes r Se Slikand, 6 U. a 690,1 S. .a 2066 ('Slrtgi c c smadeatrt ough e rc l 46 S. t 04 Ct t $j tae c hoie fe hor i tgai oflw a f c sr lvantt plusbl optonsa evit l unc l a e..-. nvesi ton a nd a t ee o a i e i r rualy halenge bl ..) ' M r Ove t ha doneltl t a g t tt sde e m i ton wa a unr s bl de e mi ton of . ron s ite o r ue ha hi t r na i s n ea ona e t r na i t f c soranunr s na edetnni ton ofcla l e t bls d f r llw . t r eve i t he a t ea o bl e na i e ry sa ihe ede a a Furhe , n f he c u tsd tr n to o d tce c wa u r a o be Mr Ov ro h sn ts o p eu ie o r' ee miain n ei in y s n e s na l, . e tn a o h wn rj dc . wprj c oc r whe t c l erha s - eudie cu s n he haleng s hown - r s bl pr biiyt t butf c e' a ea ona e oba lt ha, or ouns ls unpr esi lenor,hers toft pr e ngwoul ha bee dif e .'1 Prj ce of sona s t e ul he oce di d ve n fernt'' d. eudi r ulsonl whe couns ' eror we e S o s i 't tt yde i d t de e ntofatf r es t y n els r s r t erous' ha he prve he f nda s tai tilatilwh s rs l i r la l. Stika d, 6 U. a 6 7 Tos tsyt ep eu iep o , ra, ra o e e ut s eibe' rc ln 4 6 S. t 8 . aif h rj dc rng ' teiieio do adifrn rs lmu tb s b tn iln t u tc n ev be'Ha rn tn.1 1 h - k l o f fee t e ut s e u sa ta, o j s o c ia l. r igo 3 l h ' S.- . t792. Eve i he Cour we e t fnd t defc e y de e m i ton oft Fl i Supr m e (t a > n ft t r o i he i i nc t r na i he orda e Co r t b u r ao a e aden v rv e o t ep cu iep o gwo l sil e ur ad na o u to e n e s n bl, o o e iw f h rj dc r n ud tlr q ie e il f l )Cf -1. e' Howe r bec us t Fl i Su emeCou tma adetr i ton on t de ii y ve , a e he orda pr r de e m na i he fcenc pr ong,i or rf t e Cour t g a f der lh a r i ,i woul havet fnd t no n de or h t o r nt e a abe s elef t d o i hat 'e s bl j itc dde deoter s .'Ba e ont tsi - a ona e urs oul ci h wie- s d he e tmonypr e e M r Overonha r es ntd, . t s fie t me t btr na rqtrdby28U. C.j 4.l i c ranl r s bl l dekns ald o et he lde s e l e i S. 225 t s e ti y ea ona e br l e c ns lt n wantt j yt know t tM r Overonwa as pec i Oteruns ve crmesi ou e o ot he ur o ha , t s us t n h ol d i n M onr e Count att tm e o1t M a vorm ur s Habe s r le i deni d. o y he i - he cl der . a e if s c i. def i ense counselasw inesses t M r Overon a s a s rst ttilc . t lo s e t ha ra ouns wasdefcentbcc us t y f ie t a s t el ii a e he a ld o dvie he c u th tte h dwin se Mr Zin e wakig ao n u s p r s di t ej in a M r o r ta h y a t e s d . e tk l n r u d n u evie n h al c r . Ove t sc l(DE 81atl 7 .M r Overona g t tbe aus hi c elha s h ron' el. g 1 ) . t r ues ha c e s ouns d uc knowldget tt s d ha a s t ti c ta lse t m s ve a wines ess t t e ha hey houl ve dvied he ral our nd it d he el s s t s o ha t y c d hav t tte durng ti a i ac d M r Zi nt scr di lt The Fl rda he oul e esii d i ral nd mpe he . e ek' e biiy. oi Su r meCo r rj ce t sag me t pe u tee td hi r u n . Se ond,t dec s on oloveron' c c he i i t s ouns lt notolert m s vesas wine s e o - hc el f t s cs (he s w Ove t sc l doorope du i t i at ne viiswih Ove t t tya ron' e l n rng he r tor y st t ron) o c r di t t s i ony ofzi c d i ti t the di notha ac es t ont a ct he e tm cnt k ur ng ral ha d ve c s o Ove t sc l( e ek t tfedt tt ce ldoorwa neve l tope was ron' el Zi nt esii ha he l s r ef n) r a ona e,r t rt n defcentpe f m a e.NeiherGar i norSm ih e r e s bl ahe ha ii ror nc t ca t ve a t l s w Zint k i Ove t sce l buti t a onl s w Zi nt wa ki cualy a e e n ron' l, nse d, y a e ek l ng a ound t a e i whih Ove t sc lwasl aed.Du i t evi i r r he r a n c ron' el oc t rng he denta y he rng, r ar cal d Zi nt st si onydurngti lt the di notha a i Ga ci e le e ek' e tm i ra ha d ve a e st Ove t scelbuthe( r a di no bele Zi t stsi cc s o ron' l, Gaci) d t ive enek' e tmonyma de hi a w ines i t c e t t e entt he nee d t pl e hi nam e on a m t s n he as o he xt hat de o ac s wines ls.Ga ci di notco i rhi s fa wine sbcc e when hes w t s it r a d nsde m el t s aus a Zint k,Zint k k n' i t c 1' Si iary,Smih t tfedt ti ne r e e e e was t n he e1. m l l ' t esii ha t ve oc r d t hi t the s d brng t st t t i c ts a t nton.l was cur e o m ha houl i hi o he r al our ' te i t r a ona e f Ove t sc elt c l t tbe us t y neve s w Zi ntk e s bl or ron' ouns o onc ude ha ca e he ra e e i Overon' ce l t rknow l dge t tOve t s c l doorw a l f ope du i n t s l, hei e ha r on' e l s e t n r ng a t ne v st w a f il i i nii n . or over Overon' c tor y i is s a ry ns g fca t M e , t s ouns le i ie on e lc t d c os - xam i i t tZi e ha gene gla c st O v t s c ldu t r se naton ha ent k d r c es o eron' el e o Zi nt k' a tvii s ofs pi and m oppi i Cel Bl A .Fur he ,Els o t e e s c i te wee ng ng n l ock t r lw rh t tte du i t evi nta y he i t thehad wines e (ncudi s r l esis d rng he de ir arng ha t s s i l ng eve a j lr whoc dtsiyt tOve t sc lwasal ysl ke i a cor ncewih aie s oul etf ha ron' el wa oc d n c da t t ej i' r ls p e ae t tsiyt r b t h alg to t a Zin e c ul a c s h als ue ) rp rd o e t o e u te le ain h t e tk o d c e s f Ov ro sc l. swo dh v n g td a ysg tc n et a t ej r wo dh v etn' elThi ul a e e ae n ini a c h t h u y ul a e i at c d t a evi ncet tt c l doorwa lf unl ke See.(nc ' .St e, ta he o ny de ha he e l s e4 oc d. 7? Av at 9 So. 11 11 ( a. 28 2d 78. 85 FI 2006)(bcl elca bede me i fe i f - ouns nnot g e d nefctve or f lng t pr s ntevi nce t tw oul ope t doort da a ng aii o e e de ha d n he o m gi c os -xami i n and r butale de et woul c e any va uet tmi t r se nato e t vi nc hat d ountr l ha gh begane fom t evi ce. ( tngJohns v St e.921So. 490,501( a. i d r he den ' quoi ' on . at 2d Fl 2005)) ). / a 555. Bef r ti ,defns c J. t o e ral e e ouns la s d t St t ofc ra n wines e who ' am e t e dvie he a e e t i t s s - i do cl hav be n c pabl ofcorobo ai M r Ove t scl m t tPes iorZi ekwe i i hi e e a e r r tng . ron' ai ha c ent nt nsde s c l.' / ) Yet whe t St t de e t e wines e ,noneoft m we e ' bl orwilng t e l'(J.. , n he ae pos d hes t s s he r k e a li o ts iy t t t'(J. 6) e tf o ha - / at .Durng t c dentar he i bot de ens at ne tsiid t ' i he vi i y arng, h f e tor ys e tfe hat net roneoft m e rs M r Zi e a u l i i M r Ov t sc l(Df 1 2761a 5) ihe hc ve aw . entk ctaly nsde . eron- el. 1 ! 3t . 60 Mr S t tsi e ta i h dn to c re t hm t tlt etilu g t a Mr Zin e s . mih e tf d h tt a o c u rd o i o e lh ra j d e h t . e tk' i t s i o r ga di hi a c st M r Ove t sce lwas f s bec us he c i r m os ,i e tm ny e r ng s c es o . r on' l al e a e ons de ed t fnot al. M r Zi nt k- t s i ony t be f s a a Fu t r M r Sm ih t s ii d t he kwa n- a l of . e e s e tm o al e nyw y. r he , . t e tf e hat è s t wine st Mr Zintk g beng i t cel'(lE 1327 a 1 .M r Gaci tsiidt thedi t s o . e e l i n he l.- t) - 6) t 9) . r a etfe ha d notr c li he t e al f houghthe ha be e a wine st t c e b aus he t a t bus tyi t d com t s o he as ec e t s oo y r ng he w c s ' (lE 1 2731a 1.Ieas t tte t twhiehedi seM rZintki A dor when a e. l) 3t ) 1 lo esis d ha l de . e e n m M r O ve t sc ldoorw a ope he -ne ra ualy s w M r Zi t k go i t M r O ve t s . ron' el s n, ' ve ct l a . cn e n o . ron- c 1.' l a 2) M r Ga ci di notviw hi s fasa wine st a hi r e nti t c s e l'(d. t . . r a d e m el t s o nyt ng elva n he a e. The Fl i Supr m e Cour f orda e t ound t tM r Ove t di nots ha . r on d how detci nc Ba e on i e y. s d t r or t Coul does no lnd t tde e m i ton unr as he ec d he ' t t i ha t r na i e onabl 'he poi w he couns e. l ' nt n el deer nes'g hi winese .i a t cala whe t c l t i t e t ofasrtgi t mi -wl ch t s s f ny,o l, nd n o alhem, s he piome tae c de ii a i i onet twcwils dom,fe r s c g s-'Ev v Se ',FI De 't/ cson. nd t s ha l el i ve, e ond ues ,' ans . cy a. p t?' ( 1h Ci.995)( n ba ).W hiet sc s i dif r ntfom t t ca kf iur t c l awines ' 1 t r1 e nc ) l hi a e s fe e r he ypi l %al e o a l t s' cam, hcouns t tfedt tt yet r ( )di nott nk oft ms vesaswine s or( li bot elesii ha he ihe : 1 d hi he el t ses 2) t y c e nott al r t cour ast w ha t y had obs ve a t M onr Count J i a he hos o e t he t o t he er d t he oe y a l nd ma t ms vt wine s attil I or l t Cour t gr ntha sr le .i woul ha t ke he el t t s es ra . n der br hc s to a bea e if t d ve o tnd t t' h s a e cour ' r i on t cl i be ng pr s ed i l a cour w a s l cki i i ha - e t t t ts ulng he a m i e ent n kder l t s o a ng n j ttc tont tt r wasa erorwel u sooda co e usii ai ha hee n r l ndert nd mprhende i e si lw be d n xitng a yond a pos i lt f f im i d di a e m e . Har i o 562 U . at8 O n t r c d he e, ny s biiy or a r nde s gr e nt' ' r ngt n, S. 6. he e or r t Cour doesnotm a s h a fndi l a s r le i deni d. he t ke uc i ng. l bea e i f s e B) Br y f/lau ad rf/ 61 M r Ov t ss ond s cai f f r ha asr i i t he wa co c e a . eron' ec ub- l m or ede al bc elef s hat s nvit d nd s e edbaedont tsi entnc s he e tmonyofa a te pahol c llar (DE 81a 11 .Mr Ove t n dmitd t ogia i . r t 0) . ron a gue t tt St eknew M r Zi ntk wa apat ogialla a ye .t St t silputon hi r s ha hc at . e e s hol c ir nd, t he a e tl s tsi etmonya til Spe tc ly,Mr Ove t alge t ,i 2006(eve ye r al rM r Ove t tra. cii al . ron le s hat n s n as te . ron wasc c e a s nt nc t de h) t St t puton t si ony durng aJ mmy Ryc Ac ' onvit d nd e e ed o at , he ae e tm i i e ts Ci lCom mime he rngt tpr vi t nt a i ha oved t tM r Zint k i a%ps hopah c r ctrz by ha . e e s t yc t ha a e i ed pahol c ll ng. (J.a 1 ) TheSt ealo ca ld a expe't t tf t atM r Zi ntk h a t ogi a yi ' / t 22. ' . at s le n l o esiy h t . e e as pe s alt dior rwhi ma l ssis fi t f m ofdec if nes .-' pr e ut ron iy s de ch nie t tel n he or etul s lhe os c or c r c e i e M r Zi e asbei a cons a la , ha a t r z d . ent k ng t nt i r conni m a pul tve ,s s a l k of ng, ni a i how ac r mor eorguit i c l s ha apa a ii lf t e, e s l, s alou , s r stc iesyl poorbeha orcontol and pa t si vi r s rake n pr suouss xua be vi .(J. 1 .l hi ha aspeii Mr Overonarues omic e l ha or / at 25) n s be tton, . t g ' . A fe r yi upo hi tsi tr el ng n s e tmony i or rt obt n t c ci a deah n de o ai he onvi ton nd t s nt nce t s ei br e e - he over gn oughtis f lr s c s t bea i l ki up Pes i t ul e our e o r n oc ng c ( e e i tniel i pa tba e uponhi pahol c pe han f li -bu Zintkj ndes t y-n r, s d s t ogial nc t or yng t ne bo he e t i or Ov ron.hi l wyc s ort sCoul whiet c ewas ver t r d o nf m e t s a r . hi ' l he as t pendi on die ta l 'hea tonsoft St t ofll i i Ove t sca ea e ng r c ppea . I c i a he a e 'orda n N ron' s r a r tt t notonof usiea duepr es. bhoren o he i j tc nd oc s (DE 8 a 1 ) Ev nt o g tetsi n a is wa g v nma yy a sa rM r Ov ro I 1 t 41. e h u h h e t y t sue s ie n e r he . e tn mo wasc ce a sntnce hear cst tûthedut t dicl eunde Br y c tnue onvitd nd e e d, gu ha t l r y o s os r ad oni d t houghIijposc ci pr e ngs'(J.a 1 .Mr Ov t a st tSll t Stt sc tonviton oc edi .'/ t 42) . eron ver ha -if he ae kne t tPes i a c pul i chr c la ,t n t St t pr e e f s orm i l a ng w ha ci s om s ve. oni i r he he a c es nt d ale s e di t tm ony i or rt ob a n Overon' c c i a s nt e ' hi h vi a e hi due pr s es i n de o t i t s onvi ton nd e enc ' w c ol t d s oce s 2 Fl . St t j 394. 0 e s q. t t nvol a y Ci l 6 a a. 91 t e she ù untr viCommime ofSe lyVi ent l t nt xual ol Pr da or Act' c m onl r e r d t ast S i m y Ryc Ac . The A c pr desf e t s ,' om y ef r e o he e m l e t' ' t ovi or i u a y ci lc m im e ofa s x of e rwho i de e m i t be a s xualy vi e nvol nt r vi om t nt e f nde s t r ned o e l ol nt pr da orf t pur e ofs -gua di t gene a publc a r ha lt i t de a nee e t or he pos s al r ng he e rl i nd e biiatng he t i . 62 rg t./ ) Th Flrd Su rmeCo r rj ce t sag me t ih s (#.. e o i a p e u t ee td hi r u n . Ove t ne a lge t tt St t wihhel i or a i t tPe c wasa ron xt le s ha he a e t d nf m ton ha s i pa hol c lla w ho e bie a i oc altaisi udi g m a pul tve a t ogi a i r xhi t d nts i r t ncl n ni a i nd con ngbe vi ,l ng,a de if nes .Ove t admist thi c ni ha or yi nd cetul s ron t ha s ouns lwas e awar ofPe c ' prorc i esa kne t tPes w a a k e s is i r m nd w ha ci s ' u m a e w e ela cons m t as nd la , buthec e t thi a t ne sknowldgeo1t s fct i ir lvan ir' ' ont nds ha s tor y' e -he e a s s ree t be aus Pes ' tfi i di nosswa onl dic r d by t St t ne l s n c e cis llcal ag i s y s ove e he ae ary eve y r ak rO ve t sca t lt i . ea s le r on- pia r al 'oesa ihaBr y vi ai t defnda mus de l tbls ad olton,he e nt t monsrt t ( t tae hat 1) he e de wasf or bl t t de e nt et rbec us i wa e pa or o vi nce av a e o he f nda , ihe a e t s xcul t y r b a ei wasi ac ng;( iwa s e s byt St e, t wilulyor ec us t mpe hi 2) t s upprsed he at eiher lf l ia v re t a d( )i wa mae ilt ee yc u igp eu c t t d fnd n . n d e tnl n 3 t s tra,h rb a sn rj die o he ee a t y; Se Sti kerv.Gr ene 527 U. 263,281- l1 S. .l e rc l e . S. .82, 9 Ct 936.1 l. 2d 286 44 -Ed. ( 999) Evc as umi t tt evi nc wasf vor bl .t sevi ncewa net r 1 . n s ng ha he de e a a e hi de s ihe s p rse n rp eu iilOv ro a mist t h e d n ea dd a n s sta u pe sd o rj d ca. e tn d t ha t e vie c n ig o e h t s r d a t f da i f t St e' c e i t Pe c wasa pa hol c e ve s he oun ton or he at s ont nton hat s i t ogi al la di no e s un i t doc or who e l atd Pes pr pa e t r porsf ir d t xit tl he t s va u e ci e r d he e t or Pe c ' 2006 Jmm y Ry e ti l Furher t r cor c e ryde onsr e t s is i c ra . t , he e d l a l m tats hat Ove t sde e e t a w a wel a a e be or O ve t sca t ti of Pes i s ron' f ns e m s lw r f e r on- pial ral c' prorc i i lr c d,hi pendi c i i c r s a hi pr nst f l ng. i rm na e or s ng rm nal ha ge , nd s ope iy or yi Thus eve t , n hough O ve t di nothave i m e a e a ce st r por sr l tng t ron d m di t c s o e t e a i o Pe cis ofi i di gnos s he di hav f la ce s bef e hi c t t i ,t t s ' fc al a i, d e ul c s , or s apial ral o he unde l ng i or a i Furhe ,e de i r he rngt tmony c i t tt ryi nf m ton. t r vi nta y a i esi onfnns ha he de e ewa notonl a r ofPes ' c v lcomm imentpr e ng, wa f ns s y wa e cis i i t oce di but s l l n t e pr e di cos l 'he or Ov t scai l l be a e blowi g hos oc e ngs l e y.l xf es eron' l m àis c us Br y onl a ist t dicove y ofi br ton whi h ha bee known t t ad y pple o he s r nt ma i c d n o he pr e uton butu no n t t def e Rhode v St e,986 So. 501 507 os c i nk w o he ens . s . at 2d , ( a. )( i Unie St e p Agur 427U. 97,1 96S. .2392,49 Fl 2008 quotng td ats . s, S. 03, Ct l. 2d342( 976).s ealo U..v Al s 1 F.d38 393( 1hCi.999) wEd. 1 ) e s u . bane e, 95 3 9, , % 1 t r1 ( di t tt pr e i di notvi a eBr y by f lngt notf t hol ng ha he os cuton d olt ad aii o iy he d e nta ti ef nda bou ncons s e t s i ony ofa w ine sbec us t tt s i ony ha i t nt e tm t s a e ha e tm d be n pr ded a apu i pr e ng) e ovi t blc oc edi . Ov ro h sas fie t etbl hp eu c . to g Pe c p o d d fv rbe e tn a lo ald o sa i rj die Alh u h s i r vie a o a l s tsi ony f rt Stt durng Ove t sti ,wepr vi l c ude t St t e tm o he a e i ron' ral c ousy oncl d he a e ha esabls d t bassf t atc e e n bel edic er ofPes asawine s d t ihe he i or h as ve br s ov y ci t s. Ov ron p St e,976 So. 53 55 ( a. e t . at 2d 6, 6 Fl 2007)(Ove l 1 ) DNA evi e ron 1 . denc , c i tng oft r s t fom t o s r t t t ,i ntfed Overon ast pe s ons s i he e uls r w epa a e es s de ii t he r on w ho m ur ed t M acl s.Overt 1 801 So. at899.O veron' i vem ent der he vor on 2d t s nvol i t s m u der w a f t rcor obor t by Guy G r e O ve t s c l a e. ho n he e r s s urhe r a ed e n, r on' elm t w t tfe t tOve t c es e t m u der t hi . d.D u i ti ,G r en es is d ha r on onf s d he r s o m 1 r ng ral e 63 pr de smia i ul t yt tmony t t tpr de by Pe c . d. 88 W e ovi d i lr nc pa or esi o ha ovi d s i l at 5. a fr t cic tc ts de a oft s c a m . f im he r ui our - ni l hi l i Ov rons1 So.3 a # Ast Fl i Supr me Cour denid t sc am on t me is M r e t 29 d t 2. he orda e t e hi l i he rt , . Ove tn woul ha t s ro d ve o how t tt de e m i ton oft sa ec twasan unr as bl ha he t r na i he t t our e ona e a i ton ofcla l esa ihe f de all w oran unr as pplcai e ry t bls d e r a e onabl a i ton oft f c si or er e pplca i he a t n d f rhi t b g a e ha a r le .Lehass o m o e r ntd be s e if l hown net r ihe . 'o be ns he Fl i Supr e Cour c r cty i ntfe t cl a l es a i he f der I gi t orda em t or e l de i i d he e r y t bls d e al lw a i bl t Mr Ove t scl m.l Br yp Mar and,373 U. 83( 963) t Supr a pplca e o . ron' ai n ad . yl S. 1 ,he eme Coul e tbls t e crt i ac i i del da m us pr i or rt esa ih avi ai ' sa ihed hr e iera rm nal kn nt t ove n de o t bls t olton Ofduepr e sr uli fom t pr e i swih di ofevi nc .? l appl ng Br y t oc s es tng r he os cuton' t hol ng de e' n yi ad o t f t a i s e, he c tf he ac s t s u t our ound t tM r Overon di no s ha . t d t how t tt pr e uton s e s d ha he os c i uppr s e e de e norw a t evi nce m at r a . Bot oft e det r i tonsw e e r s bl vi nc s he de eil h hes e m na i r ea ona e. Atra, r Zine wa cos-x mie b d fn ec u s l(DE 1 - 3 1a 6 ) tilM . e t k s r se a n d y ee s o n e. L 3 1 3 t 6 . Cou elveypoi e yas M rZintkwa i hewas' lar/'(#.. Couns lt ni rd ns r ntdl ked . e e s f -it /) a ' e he nquie a boutea h a e y alast tM r Zi nt ha e us Couns lt n i r d'b s ti tu ' c nd ver i ha . e ek d ver ed. e he nquie . ' n' t r e' i t atw he M r Zi nt he d hi s foutt be a pe s he wa nott the le M r Zi nt k h n . e ek l m el o r on s ha i d. . e e t sii t the ha pr vi l le t polc a he doe noth t 1 ofr s c 'f t lga e tfed ha d e ousy id o i e nd s ave - ot e pe t' or he e l a s se (J. t6 -0) F rh r tej r wa wel waeof h s rou n s o t ep n n c ag s y tm./ a 9 7 . u te ,h u y s l a r t e ei s e s f h e dig h r e 2 Specscal t defnda alegi aBr y vi ain mus de 1 i ly, he e nt l ng ad olto t monsrt ( )t tt tae: 1 ha hc pr e ton s e s e denc .( t tt e de es ppr s wasfvorbl t t dee nt oscui upprsed vi e 2) ha he vi nc u esed a a e o he fnda ore paor a ( t tt e denc s es e wa ma e i l Unie St e v Se e dla, xcul t y, nd 3) ha he vi e uppr s d s t ra . td ats . v r j 790 F. l 2d 556,1 (1 t Ci.1 . Evi nc i ma e i ' y i t ei a r a ona e 558 1h r 986) de e s t ral onl f her s e s bl pr biiy t t ha t e denc bee di cl e t t de ens t r ul oft pr ee ng oba lt ha , d he vi e n s os d o he f e, he es t he oc di woul ha bee dif r t' Unie St e v Sl war,8 1. 370,374 ( 1h Ci.1 7) d ve n fe en . ' t d ats . e t 20 '2d 1 t r 98 ( i t'ie S/?e p lagls, U. 667,682 ( 985). quotng n t d :/x .3 e '473 S. 1 ) 64 a ns M r Zint att tm ehe tsiid. gai t . e ek he i e tfc M or ove ,t r c d i cla t tM r Ove tn wasconvit d on Fe uay 1,1999and e r he e or s e r ha . ro ce br r s ntnce t de t onM ac 1 1 (DE 1 1 at1 11,t 1 1 41a 1 ) Ondie t e e d o ah rh 8- 999. L 3-491 0- DE 3- 5 t 7 . rc ap l hi c ci a s nt ewe elna on De mbe 3-2001. e t 801So. at877. pea , s onvi ton nd e enc r i l ce r Ov ron. 2d M r Zi ntk- cvi co m imen hc rng wa no hel untlf yc r lt ron J r l 2006. . e e s i l m t t ai s t d i our a s a e anua y 2, (DE l 31 a 4) Theef e,herco ddoe nots t tt Stt wasprv t e denc of I 3- 4J t . r or t e r s how ha he ae iy o vi e M r Zint k' ps ho- ocaldior r untlwel a t rt ve di .''eSt t c . e e s yc s i s de s i l fe he r ct l h a e annotbe s d t ai o ha s pr s d i o m a i whih wasnotknown t t m . ve up es e nf r ton c o he Undert D ue Pr es Cl e, he g r e m a nots e s e de e f vor bl t he oc s aus t ove nm nt y uppr s vi nc a a e o a a cus d whe t te de e k sm a e i leihe t guitort puni hm ent' Br y.373 U . a n c e n ha vi nc i t ra t r o l o s . ad S. t 87) e aloi ev llnoi 408U. 786( 972):thehe r oft hol ngi Br yi t s e s voor . li s, S. 1 (k ) a t he di n ad s he ( pr ec i ss c sonofe de e,i t fc ofadee epr duci rques ...) Her, os uton- upprs i vi nc n he a e fns o ton e t '. e ' M r Ove t hasnots . ron hown t tt St t s es e evi nce.The Fl i Su e Courha he ae uppr s d de orda pr me ts de e m i ton t tno s ppr s i ofe denc oc r d w a notan unr as t r na i ha u e s on vi e cur e s e onabl a i a i of e pplc ton cl a l e t bls d t all w . e ry s a i he kder a l a ton,t be oc pr nc pl ofa Br y cl i i t tt e de m us have be n n ddii he dr k i i e ny ad a m s ha he vi nce t e maera .J cale t il udi i mphassi ote plc ont m aeralt sanda d be us i i t mos i s t n a ed he t i iy t r ca e t s he t ditc tt me t Se Sti k e J Gr e 5 U . 263 ( 999) Evi ncei ma e i lo y i fi ul o e . e rc l r ? e ne, 27 S. . 1 . de s t ra nl f t er i ar as bl pr biiyt t ha t e denc bee dicl e t t def ns -t r ul of h e s e ona e oba lt ha . d he vi e n s os d o he e e he cs t t pr e ng woul ha be di f e . A t e ona e pr biil- i a pr he oc edi d ve en fer nt - as bl oba lt r s obabiiy s tci nt r lt ufq e t unde m i c s nc i t outom e. Unie St e v Bagly, U. 667, 2 ( 985) o r ne onlde e n he c td at s . e 473 S. 68 1 . The Fl i Supr e Cour c i r t t alt oft e de e a it d a ti land f nd, or da em t ons de ed he ot iy he vi nc dm te t r a ou t a whie M r Zi e di pr de f a e ts i h t l . entk d ovi avor bl e tmony f t St t t DNA c s ag ns M r or he ac, he a e ai t . Ove t wa sr wihoutM r Zint st si ny. Thecour alo c i ed t tt e wasa ron s tong t . e ek' e tmo t s onsder ha her c r ai wine si M r Ove t scelma e, orobor tng t s n . ron' l t Guy Gr n, ee who as t sii d ast M r lo e tte o . Ove t sc c s d i ol menti t mur r . Ass h,i wasnotunr as bl t fnd t t ron' onf s e nv ve n he de s uc t e ona e o s ha M r Ove t f ld t e tbls t -e n i'he St t ha s e s i or a i t e denc . ron aic o sa ih hat ve 1t ae d uppr s ed nf m ton,he vi e w asno m a e i . t t ral '' a ia i oft ma e i lt sa r wa r as bl ,a wa t f t l pplc ton he t raiy t nda d s e ona e' s s he acual he deemi tonsrgadi t exc paor vaucoft DNA e de ( tr nai e r ng he ul t y l he vi nce FDLE s r ogit Dr eol s, . J m e Poloc m a c d M r Overon' DN A t t tf a s l k t he . t s o ha ound a t c i e s e ' n exc sofone i t he rm c ne ' i es n sx bilon Catc sa , rc Am e i nsa Hipa cs' a t c r a i t si onyof i li la ins Afian rca nd s ni ') nd he orobor tng e tm Mr Gr n('h1 t dmehedi abur aya arale usve,weat weat aradowni t . ee -g e ol d glr t e xcl i lhy, lhy e n he Key 'heguy ha hi own ar a and aprvat aiwa a hecoul l nd hi plne i hi fon s. l n d s iplne i e r y nd d a s a n sr t yad.)g 1 l 1a 28) r '(DE 3- 26 t . -' f c ss l a t uppor t fndi oft sat c ta M r Ove t ha nots he t he i ng he t e our nd . ron s hown t he de em i ton t beunr as bl 'he que ton u rAIDPA i notwhehera fde a c r t r na i o e ona e. l si ndc ' s t e r l ou t beleve t sa ec tsde e m i ton wa i ore tbutwhet rt tdee mi ton was i s he t t our- t r na i s nc r c he ha tr nai un e s bl--as tntaly hi he t es d. e Wilamsv Ta or 529 U. 362, 1 r a ona e ubsa i l g r hr hol Se li . yl , S. 40 ( 2000) W henc ci t j 4( ( a l i b donotquesi t pr it oft lga . ondu tng he 225 d)2) nayss ' we ton he oprey he e l sa r t tilcour a i .tl t d,wetanouratnton(nt l underyi fct l tndad he ra t ppled..insea ri te i ) he l l ng a ua de er i tons on whi h t ti c tsdcc son waspr i e ' Se Br fe d v C' n,1 t m na i c he ral our ' ii em s d. e um ll . ai 35 ' . S... (t 2269-2276 ( 5) Ha asr i i deni 7 201 . be elef s ed. O M oton t Diqualy Jud i o s l ge 66 M r Ove t sfnals c am f f de a habe r le i t thi due pr e srght wer . ron' i ub- l i or e r l as ei f s ha s oc s i s e voae wh ntep to vcinj dg r fs dt diq aiy hms l. g '8 a l 7 2 ) Mr iltd e h osc n ito u e eu e o s u lf i ef (Dl 1 t 2 - 8 . . : ' Ove t s 1 g l and pe t pha e wer pr i ove by t Honor e M ar H. ones ron' 999 uit naly s s e esded r he abl k J . J d eJ n swa as tep e iigj dg d rn M r Ov ro sp sc n cinmo insa d u g o e s lo h r sdn u e u ig . e tn' o to vito to n e de i r h rngs vi nta y ea i . l addii J n ton, udgeJ spr sdedov t e 2006 Jm my Ryc Ci i one e i er h i e vl Com m im e he r ng whe e n M r Zi e w a c vil com m it d asa c i d t e tt s e y. t nt a i ri . ent k s i ly te ontnue hr a o oci t W he M r Zintk' ci lc mim e wasr vi we ag n i 2011 J e J sa i pr sde n . e e s vi om t nt e e d ai n , udg one ga n e i d o e tep o e dn s Th sc u e Mr Ov ro t fl amo int diq lf t ej d eb c u e v r h r c e ig . i a s d . e tn o ie to o s uaiy h u g e a s h b i d t tM r Zint k- t tmony a M r Ove t shea i m a beû a n e an or e eleve ha . e e s esi t , ron' rng y t i t d d/ t c ompr ie ' M r Ove t c e t tM r Zint k' r e i M r Overon' unde l ng om s d.' . ron ont nds ha . e e s ol n . t s ryi c c i r mai d aconsde a i be or J dg J sa t St t ha ar d t tM r onviton e ne i r ton f e u e one nd he a e d gue ha . Zi e wa - c tu.' ( ï81 1 .Att tmeofM r Ovct sheai J J ha entk s % eifl'(D1 at 33) he i de . ron' rng, udge ones d notye r e on M r Zint sc tnue c v lc miment -he Fl i Supr t uld . e ek' on i d i i om t .l - orda eme Cour f t ound t scl i t be w ihou m ert hi a m o t t i. e le ain j i a b c Cic ij d e h n l ma ytp so c s s avemnalg totof u l il isb sd r ut u g s a de n y e f ai , ndaenti aw iness'degal a a e nvol n s onaj udge' prororc e ane s i ontmpor ous p o e dig i is fiin t s p or amo int ds u ll a s n awe lg o n d r c e n s n u fce t o u p t to o iq ai b e t l- r u de : fa t tt pa t alegi j cilbi wilnotrceveaf rhe i uc e r ha he ry l ng udi a as l e i ai arng.v c Johns v St e 769 So. 990,996( a.2000) Overonf l t i ntf s i' on . at, 2d Fl . t ais o de iy pectc i c me sfom t ts pa a epr ee ngt s t ntae hi c am .Cons quc l om nt r ha e r t oc di o ubsa i t s l i e ntys Ove t sge r lz d and s c atve a lga i ofbi sdoe notconsiut a ron' ne a ie pe ul i le ton a s tt e ba i f rr us l SeeM c ae v St e 51 SO. 874.880 ( a. 987) Furhe , ss o ec a . cr . at , 0 2d FI 1 . t r rc s lsn tma d tdwh naj dg i rq ie t r s v p s il c mp tn e u a i o n ae e u e s e u rd o e ole o sby o eig c edi lt de e mi tonswih r ga d t t s w' ne s s e Kok v St e 901 r biiy t r na i t e r o he ame i s , e t al . ats So. 766, - (7a. , whe t j dg ha prvi l is a re 2d 774-75 ll 2005)or n he u e s e ousy sued dve s j cilr i a i tt smedef ntSe . l'?v St e,599SO. 1 udi a ulngs gans he a enda . e7 A4? . at Jc ( 2d 03. 1 ( a.992) Ac or ngl weafi m t deniloft sr cus lcli . 07 Fl 1 . c di y, tr he a hi e a a m Ov t n-1 So. a *1. l hi f de alha speii M r Ove t a s rst tJ ero 29 3d t n s e r bea tton, . ron s e t ha udgeJ s one 67 wa r quie pur ua t t Code OfJ cilCon t t diquaiy hi s f M r Overon s e r d, s nt o he udi a duc, o s lf m el. . t a s t t tJ s ers ha udgeJ swasma e t % s iy hi s l i any pr e di kn whih t one ndatd o i qualf m ef n di oc e ng i c he j e' i rilt mi r s bl bequesi ' Fl CodeJ Conduc,Ca udg s mpataiy ght ea ona y tontd. a. ud. t nnon3E ( )a) 1( & ( .' r 81a 1 .I ad ton,whcnM rOyerons htdiqualfc toni saec the b)-(DE t 33) n dii . t oug s iiai n tt our, as cied't e2. 0oft Fl i Rul ofJ calAdmi srton.'/ at1 ) ' rc d lo t - ul 33 l he orda es udii nitai '(J. 27 . Fhe e or s howst tM r Ove t sa gum e hasconsse l bee t tJ ha . ron' r nt it nty n ha udgcJ oneswa r quie t r cus s e rd o e e hi efba e on Fl i lw a Fl i sCodeofJ calConduc . Thi pr bisf r l ms l s d orda a nd orda' udi i t s ohi t ede a ha sr if Br haw p. c y, U. 7 76( bea ele . ads Rihe 546 S. 4. 2005)(i eha r ae yhel t tasae t W ve epe tdl d ha tt c tsi e pr t ton ofsa el i l ng onea our' ntr e a i t t aw, ncudi nnounce on diec a aloft c lnge d r t ppe he hale d co ci bi af r c tsti i ha sc pus' . orove . vi ai ofsaelw i nviton, nds edeal our itng n bea or .) M e r a olton tt a s ' è ge no a gr t ound f r f r ha asr i . Lewi v Jet r , 9 U. 7 4 7 0( 9 0) i fld rl o ede al be elef s . - ï s 4 7 S. 6 , 8 1 9 (- - e a ha scor r ifdoesnot1ef er sofsaelw ..'.Puly v Hari 465U. 37,4l bea pus ele i or ror tt a ..) le . rs, ', S. ( 98 (- fderlc tma notis t wrto t ba i ofapeceveder ofsael ') 1 4) 'A e a our y sue he i n he ss r i ror tt aw. . ' Nonehe e s eve i t swe eacogni bl cli f f der lhabe r i ,M r Ove t t l s , n f hi r za e a m or e a as elef . ron ha nota gue 1tal s s r d; e one, hown a t lbis Atbe t M r Ovc t a s t t the-pos c s d a c ua a . s , . ron s ers ha - sse n ob e tveyra ona efa t thewoul notge af rhe rngbe aus J J sha j ci l e s bl e r ha d t ai a i c e udge one d ( entk'lfee ltrlyha ngove hi he d. (D1 8 a 135 .Howeve,smpl a Zi e s r dom ieal ngi r s a ' g î1 t ) ' ri yn a aa eo t rofbi i note ppe rnc r ka as s nough.Se Davi v Jone 506F. 1 (11hCi.2007)t e s . s, 3d 325 t r (he Su e eCour hasnote t bls d t ta ap a a pr e v olt st I Pr e sClus ) pr m t sa ihc ha n pe r nce obl m i a e he lue oc s a e.. G i n Supr m e Cour pr c ntand t f t oft s c s t de s on oft il i Su em e ve e t e ede he ac s hi a e, he ci i he 7or da pr Cou ' wasnotan unr a ona e a i a i ofcl a l e t bls d f r 1 w t t f t oft s l t e s bl pplc ton e r y s a i he ede al a o he ac s hi c eu rj 4( ( ) Ha asr i i de ed. as nde 225 d)1 . be elef s ni I . I f e tve A s i t e ofC ouns lConc ni A lbiand Pr - ndi t e Del V ne f c i s s anc e er ng i e l c m nt ay M r Ove t stnalc am f rf r lha asr i lcksclrt Afe r e ,he Cou t . ron' i l i o ede a be elef a a iy. t r eviw t r c l oncudest tM r Ove t i a s tnga i fe tvea ssa ofti lcouns lcli f f ii ha . ron s s eri n ne f c i s it nce ra e a m or a lng t c n u ta iv siai nit a aii ec s a df i n t o j c t tep eidit n d ly. o o d c n n e tg to n o n lb d fn e n al g o b e t o h r-n cme t ea i (DE 81a 1 .M r Ove t as camst tnewl dicovee e de s j t 53) . ron lo li ha y s rd vi nce howst thei ha s a t ly i c ual nnoce oft c i e f rwhih hewa c ced.W hiet Cou tc nt he rm s o c s onvit l he r ompr he M r e nds . Ove t sa gume ,i i unclari hei as e tng a fee t ndi cai ofa t li e t ron' r nt t s e f s s ri r sa ng l m c ua nnoc nce o obti f de a ha asr le ori hei at mptng t us hi i enc a aga e yt ove c ea a n e r l be e if f s te i o e s nnoc e s t wa o r om pr e r ldeaut (J. t1 . Ba e ont rc d,heCoul mus a s ii t f oc du a f l./ a 53) s d he e or t ' t s ume t s he onner t . 'heCoul trtc i r hi Sti l cli s l ' i s onsde s s rckand am . t dl Stikl Cl ms rc and ai - M r Ove t a s rs t thi ti lcouns w a i f ec i f f ii t c . r on s e t ha s r a el s ne f tve or a lng o ondu a t ough ct hor i tgai it analbide e e.M r Ove t ale st thewa wor ng a t tm eoft nvesi ton n o i f ns . ron l ge ha s ki t he i he mu d r.M r Ov ro as a s rst a hsc u s l sie fciefrfiigt o j c t tep e re s . e tn lo se t h t i o n e wa n fe tv o a l o b e t o h rn i c me dea M r Ove t c t ndst tt pr -ndi t c deaypr l d hi fom ndit nt ly. . ron on e ha he e i cm nt l ecude m r as e tng an albide e e. s ri i f ns i albidcf . i ense M r Ove t alege t thewa wor ng a t Amoc sa i i Tave ni r Fl i a t . ron l s ha s ki t he o tton n r e , orda t he tme o heM ac vormur r .M r Ove t as e t t tt r we e f rf low empl e who i ft l de s . ron s rs ha he e r ou e l oy es woul havebe na et t tt t thewaswor ngt nihts fon Augus 2122.1 . d e bl o esi: ha ki he g hit t - 991 D urng pos c c i M r O ve t f l d a Se ond A m ende M o i t V a a e J i t onvi ton, . ron ie c d t on o c t udgm en a t nd Se e e. A m ong ot cl m s M r Overon c e nt nc her ai , . t ont nded t thi ti lcouns lw a i f tve f ha s r a e s nefec i or 69 fii t - ompl i tgaenumeousalbiwine s s. (1 11 200I 40) Spe fcal alng o ' pr ty nvesi t r i t s e ' 1)1 3- at . cii ly, ' * c u s lfi d t t b anwo krc r , mpo e j ba pl ainso g src it a d fie t o n e al o - ti r e o ds e ly e o p i to r a e ep s n ald o e o c i er e f low wor r whocoul ha c r aedMr Ove t sai . (DE 1 201 a 1. nt viw el kes d ve orobort . ron' lbi' L 3- 1 t ) ' TheFl rdaSupr meCour f oi e t ound t tc ha ouns lm a asr t gi de ii nott purue t salbi e de ta e c c son o s hi i def ns a t i l e e t ra . Ove t c endst thi couns wa i fec i f t f iur t i tgae ron ont ha s el s ne f tve or he a l e o nvesi t a i orale na i t oresoft c i W eco l t tt scli f l on t lbi t r tve he i he rme. ncude ha hi a m ais he mert . dec sonsby c is The ii ouns lt notpr enta wor albide e et tOve t e o es k i f ns ha ron wa wor ngatt Am oc gassaton att tmeoft e M a l m ur r a s ki he o ti he i h c vor de s nd at na ie t isoft M a vormur r we er as bl sr t gi de i ins ler tv heore he cl de s r e ona e ta e c c so . 'hedecson wihr ga d t t wor ai de e ewa ma onl a t ra r ii t e r o he k lbi f ns s de y fe n a dequaei si ton r a e t tt ewasnoevi et tOve t wor d a t nve tga i eve l d ha her denc ha ron ke t Amoc on t ni oft M a vorm u de s Durngt e de ir hea i o he ght he cl r r . i he vi nta y rng, Ov ro tsiidta h h dwo k da t eAmo o sain f r u t ve o ey a a e tn e t e h t e a r e t h f c tto o j s o r n e r t t tmeoft M a l mur r i Augus 1 1 'hede e e hied i tgaor he i he c vor de s n t 99 .l ' f ns r nvesi t s J fGale and DaveBur t i esi t t e wor ai def e.Document ef lr ns o nv tga e h k lbi ens s (i c dsan r c pt)t woul ha e tbls d whehe Ove tn wor t tme ar d e ei s hat d ve sa ihe t r ro ked he ni toft m u de s wer no l rava l bl f t e i tga or t r vi . gh he r r e onge ia e or hes nvesi t s o e ew M or ove , wor r c d notr a lwheherOve t wor d t ni . e r co- ke s oul ec l t ron ke hat ght o t he i es is d ha he d ot em m r M uli e m anager atA m oc a t tm e t tle t tt y coul n r e be tpl s O ve t wor t l t s f t tni ht whi h co r d f om 1l p. . o 7 ron ked he a e hit ha g , c ve e r m t whet her a. .A non- ana rw ho nor aly w o ke t m or ng s f t tted t ts m m ge m l r d he ni hit es ii ha he c d no r membe whe he Ove t wor d t tni .De ens c oul t e r t r ron ke ha ght f e ouns el -c i r d analbidef e,but.. eunabl t c -onsde e i ens . wer e o ome up wih s cii t pe fc wine s . Addii naly-Ove t ha note t ihedt tt se de woul t s es' ' to l ron s sabls ha hi vi nce d ha il ta e t tOve t wor d t tni eve i he ewine s ha ve lusr t d ha ron ke ha ght n ft s t s es d memor i tm e a dsha be n a l bl Se Pa do v St e.941 So. 1 yor f i c r d e vaia e. e r . at 2d 057, 1 ( a. 065 FI 2006)( di t tt cli wihr gadt t f l et pr enta hol ng ha he am t e r o he aiur o es n albiwasi ufi e l pld b aus t moton di notdcs i how t a i i ns fcinty e ec e he i d crbe he lbi wine swoul haves t s d uppore t a i wih exc pa or e denc ( tngJac td he lbi t ul t y vi e cii obs St e 880 So. 5 ( a. at , 2d 48 Fl 2004)) Lot v St e, So. 807,81 ( a. )' t . at 931 2d , 5 F1 2006) ( di t t f iur t i si at t albidi notconsiut i f tve hol ng hat he a l e o nve tg e he i d tt e nefec i a ssa ea t r wasnoprj c be aus t o albiwine st twa ofee s itnc s hee eudie c e he ne i t s ha s frd durng t e e dentaoz rng coul notpi ntt dat oft conve s ton,s i h vi i hea i d npoi he e he rai o hi t si on woul havepos e s d imi m a va ueasalbie de e'. s e tm y d s s e - ni l l i vi nc -) Morov ,heewasnoprj c fom t fiur t prs ntt albideens e ert r eudie r he al e o e e he i f e be aus ev i O ve t scouns ha es a i he t O ve t n was wor ng t t c e en f r on' el d t bls d hat r o ki ha t k t he r s s ,he wor ni t s fcen tmer mai d f hi t comm i t m u der .Atbe t gh , ufi i t i e ne or m o e e i . a nd c l r a t e n lve t a i w a a i om pl t albi Sus n a M ihae we e ls s e ai a a lbi s n nc c l rh cl son Aug t21 1 1 whi h e hidbit as us , 99 , c ndcd a about9 p. .a t i bodis t m , nd her e we enotf nd un i t n mor ng by c e ne c wor r a a neghb . r ou tl he ext ni onc r d o- ke s nd i or SeeOv ron. So. a 881 l i cea t t mur scoul haveoc red e t 801 2d t . t s l r hat he der d cu r be we n 9 p. .a 11p. .-her cor doe notpr dea s t e m nd m l e d s ' ovi ny uppor t tt t ha he m ur soc red a t 11p. . der cu r fer m Duet t l a i oft Amoc sa i beng o he oc ton he o tton i onl a-e e o mi t sa y'fom t M a l home, ei a 88 Ove t y 'oupl f nu e wa ' r he c vor se d. t 4. ron c d ha e sl commitd t mur r a silarve tmel f hi s f. oul ve a iy te he de s nd tl r i d i y or s hit The e o e,t si a addii lr a ont tt f iur t pr e tawor albi r f r hi s n tona e s ha he al e o es n k i de e edi no c tt ede i i pe f manc ,and i t a tr tve t ea s f ns d t ons iut fcent ror e n he le na i , her lo WaSnOPrj c SeeLot. 1So. a 81 ( di t tt f lr t eudie. t93 2d t 5 hol ng ha he aiu e o he e i si a et ai di no c tt e i f tvea ssa east r w asno nve tg t he lbi d t onsiut nefeci s itnc prj cebe a et veni t j ybeive t tLotdi s a wihJ sont eudi c us ' f he ur le d ha t d pe k t one he e Su y afe noon i que ton,tsilwoul havel tpl nt ofr nda l r n si i tl d ef e y oom i t n he t nt s ve hourtmelnef Lot t ha c we y- e n i i or t o ve omm it d t m u der-;Re d v te he r 'l e . St e.8 So. 41 429- ( a. at 75 2d 5, 30 F1 2004)( di t tt ewa notdes e hol ng ha her s lcint pe f m a e wih r a dt t f iur t i si et albide e ecl m ror nc t eg r o he al e o nve tgat he i f ns ai be aus k hea l bl t s i c e s vaia e e tmony pr vi d,a bes,a i t o de t t n ncompl t ai ' a t ee lbi' s he t tmony silalowe f at t t e hourwi esi tl l d or wo- o hr endow f t def ntt or he enda o c ommi t mur r . t he de ) Ove t 976 So. at556- 2 ron, 2d 58.8Durng posconviton, ra c i t c i til ouns lt sii d t tt def e e e tte ha he ens 2 I hi fderlh a peii Mr Ovet omist prj c anal i oft Fl ri 8 n s e a abe s tton, . ron t he eudie ys s he o da Sup e Cour entr y.(DE 81a 1 1 4) Mr Ove t doe notatemptt aruet tt r me t iel ( t 53- 7 . . ron s t o g ha he lo iaS p e Co r- d tr n to sh tM r Ov ro c l n t h w p eu ieb c u ehi ' rd u rme u ts eemiain ta . e tn otd o s o rj dc e a s s l l albiwasa i omplt albiwa unra ona c Aspeudi i a e s i elme ofa i n nc ee i , s e s bl. rj ce s n sental e nt ny i - ctv as i t e ofc ns cl i ,t s l iur al i gr nds f de alofr le . nele i e ss anc f ou el a m hi ' l e one s ou a or ni e if Howe , M r Overon ha nots ver as . t s how t c ns ' pe f ma ewasdetc e ;nodeaie hat ou els ror nc i i nt t ld prj c a yssi rquie Se Ale v Se >,De 'o 'u r.61lF. 740,753( 1hCi. eudie nal i s e rd. e ln . c p t .l- , j or 3d 1t r 201 (ù ca et scli fisont pef ma ee t wenee notaddrs t prj c 0) t us hi am al he ror nce lmen , Be d e s he eudie Ceme -) l nt' . TheCour di rvi t Fl i Supr Cou tsprj c anayssa tndsit be t d e ew he orda eme r' eudie l i nd i t o r as bl lve i M r Ove t ha s e ona e. ï n f . ron d hown t thewaswor ngt ni s f a t tmeoft ha ki he ght hit t he i he m ur s t e r c d s st tt r w a tm e f M r O ve t t hav c m it d t m u der der - h e or how ha he e s i or . ron o e om te he r s a t ngonet w'r a t Amoc sai T(prl prj die,t p ii - ts t t nd he o o k t he o tton. ) tve eu c hc ettoner mus how ha t r i a r a ona e pr biiy t ,bu1f c he e s e s bl oba lt hat or ouns ls unpr es i e' of s onale r s t r s toft r or , he e ul he pr e ng wou d h bee di f ent- St i k and.466 U . a 694,1 S. . t2068.A oc edi l ave n f er . r c l ' S. t 04 Ct a r as bl pr ba lt i one 's f c e t un r i c i nce i t out e. l s1 S. . e ona e o biiy s s ufi i nt o de m ne ontde n he com - d. 04 Ct ' a 2068.Mr Ove t ha no s t . ron s t hownprj ce. eudi e oye i si t st ûnd ou wha ha mpl d nve tga or o t t ppen a ûwho we et Am oc e pl e ;whe e ed nd ' r he o m oye s r aet eAmo orc r s'(Dl 1 - 7 a 6 .Mr Gacatsiidta h s ok wihM r Ovetn r h c e o d . p - 3 2 31 t ) . r i c tfe h t e p e t . ro ' ' a boutw' t hewa wor ng on t ni oft m ur r a her c ld M r Ove t s d t t heher s ki he ght he de s nd e ale . ron ai ha - o t bes ofhi r c lc i hebele hewa wor ng. (J. t6) M r Ga c ac d no ' he t s e ole ton t ived s ki - / a . . r i oul t ' r cala 1t dea l ofhi c e l l he tis s onve s ton butdi r m e rai d e mbert tM r Ove t t houghtt t ha . ron t t hat he Amoc suf woul pr he waswor ng t e. (J.a 7) otf d ove ki her ' / t . ' ha hie ouns l e M r Sm ih a s t tfed r ga di t Amoco ai . i s t tm ony w ast tw' l c . t lo esii e r ng he lbi li es i c i eda ai deens : weeuna et comeu wihs cii winese .' g 1 - 51 onsder n lbi f e,v we r bl o p t pe fc t s s'(DE 327 a 26) M r Sm ih t tted t tt y tid t l a et r cor fom t Am oc sa i butt y t . . t esis ha he re o oc t he e ds r he o tton he wee' valbl a t tpoi . (d. t26) Asi t ne ou ,heS ompa ha c nge ha a r - ia e t ha ntf 1 a . t ur d t t t una c ny d ha d nds t las oncea g t rc dsuli el weede toye '(J.a 27) Mr Smih f t tsii d e t nd 1 he e or tmat y r sr d. / t . . t urher e tfe ' t tM r Ove t ha gi hi t na ofhi c wo ke sa t Amoco sai a c ns l ha . ron d ven m he mes s o- r r t he t ton nd ou e ha tidt l aet m butt r t s ta hi us ult wef tca outoft t'(d.. d re o oc t he hee ' n' nyt ng ef hat el me wa ha. l 4 ' M r Sm ih sa e t tt de e edi notls anotc ofi e t ûr l on albi' ca et y . t t t d ha he f ns d it ie ntnt o ley i 'be us he w r nta l t c meu wi a ys e ii ai i t e s s'(DE 1 - 7 a 1 ) - e ' be o o p t n p cfc lb win se . 1 3 2 61 t 3 . we h ' Dur ng pos convi ton, r Overon l t t e f m e em pl ec oft Am oc i t ci M , t oca ed hr e or r oy s he o saton.Da d Sme ek,t m a croft Amoco,t tted t tM r Ove t wa e oy a a ti vi r he nag he esi i ha . ron s mpl ed s c hira d loorpes li 1 .M r Ovet te ntywor dt ni s f. L 1 as e n l ronne n 991 . ron - que l r ke he ght hil (DE 3- 2771a 1 ) Mr Smee ha nomemor ofwhehe Mr Ove tnwaswor ngo Augus 21, t 8 . . rk d y t r . ro ki n t Sa m i Yor c m a ge oft A m ocosa s t s ii d t ts had no m e or of m e k, o- na r he l o e tt e ha he m y whehe ornotMr Ovet wasw' ki t oveni s f a t tmeoft mur r.(lE 1 tr . ron or ng he r ght hit t he i he des g3 32771a 32) M s Yor move outofll i i 1 a doesno know wha ha ne t t t . . k d 'orda n 992 nd t t ppe d o he 72 tmea atnda er cor o heAmoc afe s m ove lor Fi ra s wor d a t Amoco i nd te nc e ds ft o t r he d. v i gu lo ke t he gu e il ha he d e f he sai i 1 1. g 1 28 a 29) M s.Fi rt stted t ts coul notr memberi s was tton n 99 (DE 3- 31 t . wo ki on t da oft m ur r Shec d notr m e r ng he y he de s. oul e mberi M r Overon waswor ng on t f . t ki he da oft mur r.(d.a 3l) y he des l t . W hieM r Ove t a s t t tha hi lwy r be efeci hecoul havee tbls d l . ron s ers ha d s a e s en f tve d sa ihe an ai dekns ,t a s ri i wholy uns lbi t e hat s e ton s l uppore b t e r c d. W ha i c e rfom t td y h e or t s l a r he rc r i ta d t s c u s l o ie e a drj ce a aii ekn e Th rj cino s c a e o d s h t ekn e o n e c nsd rd n ee td n lb d l s . e ee to f u h def e wassmpl. ''e e w'sn e den t s ens i e l r a o vi ce o uppor i. 'hi lck ofevi nc e se i 1 6 h tt l s a ' de e xit d n 99 whe couns wastrta nt d t r e e M r Ove t i 2004 a t tm eoft e n el i s ppoi c o epr s nt . ron, n t he i h posc cton evi nta y he rng,a r m anst t sda tonvi i de ir a i nd e i o hi y.W ih t c e i ofM r Overon' t he xc pton . t s tsi onya t posconviton evi nta y he rng,he f c t thewa wor ng a t Amoc e tm t he t ci de ir a i t a t ha s ki t he o sa i on t n g oft mur r hasnotbe esabls d. Ce t nl c tton he i ht he de s en t ihe rai y- ouns c el annotbe d me i te tve f f lngt pur uea albidefns wholy uns ee d ne- c i or aii o s n i f e e l uppore by t e denc td he vi e. 'he de ii oft Fl i Supr m eCour wasnota unr as bl applca i ofSti kand. r cson he orda e t n e ona e i ton rc l Ha s r i fi deni d. bea ele s e i. e-ndi t e de ay i pr i c m nt l M r Ove t ss cond s cli f f der lha a r lefi i e r a e t hi frts . ron' e ub- a m or e a be s e i s ntrelt d o s i s ubc am .l a ng be una e t s l i - vi l en bl o how t tti c ha ral ouns lwasi fe tve f f ii t puruean ai e ne f c i or a lng o s lbi d fn e h ssc n s b cam i f rie t t a ssa c o c ns l o fii gt o j c t t e ee s , i e o d u - li s o n f i sitn e f ou e f r aln o be t o h kc ve pr i c m e de a w hi h c us d c ns t notbe a e t pur ue t albide e e. M r e-ndi t nt l y c a e ou el o bl o s he i f ns . Overonague t tkll rj tonofOveron- cam t tc e wasi fe tvef fii t t r s ha 'the eeci t s li ha ouns l nefci or alng o c lng t pr -ndit ntdea bec us t cli wa wihoutmc i wa ba e upon a hale e he e i c me ly a e he am s t rt s s d n unr s bl de e mi i oft f c s The Fl i Supr m eCoul de ed t ss c am on ea ona e t r naton he a t . orda e ' ni hi ub- l i t t m e is The o ni i ise ie y g i beow . he rt . pi on, n t ntr t z, s l el o ha l he e ndi t nt Ove t c e t tt f iur ofhi c ron ont nds ha he al e s ouns t c lenge t pr i c m e r on dely offveye sc tt e i f c i as i t e.Ove t hasnot a i ar onsiut d nef e tve s sanc i vi pr i c men nvol ng e ndit t de nsrtdprj c be a et u l ngcam mo tae cudie c us he nderyi li dely i wihoutmert 'o pos i y e tbls t tapr i cm e dea i a due a s t i.r sbl sa ih ha endit nt ly s p o e svolto ,h d ln a tmu tfrts ow a ta p eu c fo t d ly r c s i ain te ek d n s is h cu l rj die r m he ea , a t cour m us t n we ghanydemonsr er as f t dely a ns t nd he t t he i tabl e ons or he a gai t he sgnii nc oft pa tc a prj c onac e- ca eba i. eRie av i tca e he riulr eudie as by- s ss Se v r . St e. 7So. 477,483(7a.998 (ii Ro r p St es 1So. 5 531 at 71 2d l1 1 ) ctng ge s . at 51 2d 26, ( a1 ) I Ove t scouns ha ase tdac lngebas ont Fl.987).f ron' el d s re hale ed he pr i cm e dely,t cai woul h f ld u endit nt a he l m d avv aie nderbot oft r quie h he e r d el ent em s. Unde t trtOve t c dnotetbls t ewa a t lprj cefom t r he ss, ron oul sa ih her s cua eudi r he d de a Eve asumi albiwines e a Amoc tm e a dsorr ept w oul l y. n s ng i t s s nd o i cr ec i s havee tbls d t tOve t n wor d t lt nihts f o Augus 21 1 , hi sa ihe ha ro ke he ae g hil n t , 991 t s woul onl pr dea i om p e eai atbe tasdicus e a d y ovi n nc l t lbi s s s d bove. eRie a, Se v r 71 So. at483- ( di t tt i fctv a ssa ofc ns c am f 7 2d 84 hol ng ha he nefe i e s it nce ou el l i or cou elsf l et pr s ntt pr ndi mentdely is e waswihoutme i ns ' aiur o e e he ei ct a su t rt b c u ete ewa n a t a p eu iet t s pp s dai i e e s a ten w e a s h r s o cu l rj dc o he u o e lb d fn e s h o una ia e wines e woul notha pr ded t def ntwih an a i f t va lbl t s s d ve ovi he knda t lbi or he tmewhe t mur rcoul ha oc ured) W ih r ga d t Lor Swa FN 1 no i n he de d ve c r . t e r o na by 9 l n e b iga ia l a awin s,h sas do sn t o ttt a ta p eu c . o g r en valbe s t e s ti lo e o c nsi e cu l rj die u Con r r t Ove t sa gtm e ,t r i no evi ncet ts woul havebe ta y o ron' r l nt he e s de ha he d en a e t pr de a i or ton i vi t a lgaton t tD eeci Vic bl o ovi ny nf ma i nvol ng he le i ha t tve s o pl tdOve t sDNA. eOve t 801So, a 897(û'l def efie t ane ron' Se ron, 2d t kr-he ens ald o l pr eas i il o evde t tDeeci Vic plnt t s nallui .) oduc cntla j' i nce ha t tve s o a ed he emi l ds' ' ( empha i a ss dded) Durngt e de ir he rng.Dee tvcVic tsis dta . i he vi ntay a i tci s o etle h t hedi notr c i a us d c d e e ve e ondom fom Swa a he ha no knowl r by nd d edget at h O veron' s en w aspl ed. t s em ant FN 1 Swaby,who i alo r kred t astSwa ' wasOveron' ex- rf i They 9. s s et r o ' ybe,' t s gilrend. ended t r atons p ar he el i hi ound t tme oft M ael m ur s.Duri ti .t he i he vor der ng ral he def e t i t 1 ent cem e obt ned Overt ssper t ough a us ens heorzed hat aw br nt ai on' m hr ed condom pr ded by Swaby and t pl ed Overon' DNA .Acc di t Overon, ovi hen ant t s or ng o t 7 l hi f de alha aspe ii M r Ove t cied t t opi on oft Fl i Supr m e 9 n s e r be tton, . ron t o he ni he orda e Cour.(DE 81at1 .Unf t tl M r Ov t mirpr e e t c tsopi on'e tng tL 64) orunaey, . eron se esntd he our' ni , dii pori oft opi on t f m ne pa a a a om itng f not a pa ag aphsw ihou tons he ni o or w r gr phs nd ti oot es nd r r t t a no i e t ts a r da i wasdone. ny tc ha uch e cton he al waysus acondom durng s l i er s wih Swaby becauseshe had ed i extal nt cour e t A I and t l tengaged i s DS. hey as n exuali er s appr m at y t t t eem ont nt cnure oxi el wo o hr hs bef et M a vormur s. or he cl der Fi ly, ron- a g e t tt dely 1 t de adai orc ami ton of na l Ove t s r um nt ha he a ed o gr ton ont na i t DNA e de l ksa e den i r s he vi nce ac ny vi ta y uppor.lurngt evi nta y hea i t l i he de ir rng, Dr Li t tfedt thec d no m a t deer i ton t tde adai i . bby esii ha oul t ke he t m nai ha gr ton n f c r u td wih t DNA e denc her M or ove ,Dr Bc rt sis d t t a t es le t he vi e e. e r . ve e tte ha how a sgnii a ny i tc nt Ove t s DN A w asa m a c a t e s pl sdi nots ron' t h nd hos am es i d sgnsofdegr da i ''hee de e e t bls d t tt ewc eno sg ofeve i a ton. l vi nc sa ihe ha her r 'i ns n mi de a ton. nor gr da i Addii l Dr Po l k t sii d t tdeg a ton wa notan tonaly, . loc e tfe ha r da i s is he easa de adai wasonl ami a s ue r ny gr ton y nor mount whi h wa i i fc nt , c s nsgniia t hi opi on a exa i tons Thes c a i by Ove t t tdegr da i o s ni nd m na i . pe ulton ron ha a ton m us ha oc r durng t pr ndit ntdeaydoesno s tsy t a t l t ve cured i he ei c me l t ai f he c ua prj c rquieme . eMahar jv St e 778So. 944,951( a. eudie e r ntSe q . at, 2d F1 2000) ( di t tt e i fec i a ssa cli waswihoutm e i be us t hol ng ha h ne f tve s itnce a m t rt ca e he c n lso st s p o'tecam weei h e s e uain' nd'plsc n it n o cu in o u p l h li r i e r p c lto 'a ' o to vci t s l o r ifc tbebas on s c a i o pos i lt ') ele anno ed pe ulton r sbiiy'. Un e h s c n ee n ,heewa j si c to frt ed lyb 1w d rt e e o d lme tt r s u tf ain o h ea y a i e t c me t Bu c S o t . t e 5 lS 2 8 7, 9 93(? 1 9l ( o dn ta nbre n . tf c t v Sat, 8 o.d 8 8 2- la.9 ) h l ig h t l tep en it n d lywa ad ep o e sv oainb c u ea t a p eu iewa h rid cme t ea s u r c s i lto e a s cu l rj dc s s hown an t Stt had s d he a e hown - ol e yno ne d l a i si atv dely-. b utl abs e br ny nve tg i e a ') Durngt e de i r he rng,F. J s who wa t i tall d de e tve f i he vi nta y a i K. one . s he nii ea t c i or t M a vorm ur er . e tte t tal la we epu s d.W ih t lr e numbe he cl d s t sii d ha l e ds r r ue t he a g r ofl ds a s pe s t twer pur ue prort t DN A m a c l O ve t i ea nd us ct ha e s d i o he t h br r on n l 996- c occ r d onl afe Ove tn' f ld s cde at m p pr de bl whih ure y tr ro s aie ui i te t ovi d oody t l be a eheha r us d ea le r quesst vol a iy pr dea bl owe s c us d ef e rir e t o unt rl ovi ood s mpl ,i i r s bl t tt ot rl zsa s pe t we e i tga e i a a e t s ea ona e ha he he ea nd us c s r nvesi t d n dii ntma r Thepr ndit ntde a offveyc r wa notca e by a 1w lge nne . ei c me ly i as s us d ny a en- c men wr doi bu i t d, es t d fom t m uli e ot ladsa t e t ong ng, t nsea r ule r he tpl her e or nd s pe t t twe epur uedand t tm epe i f lw e or m e (hr us c s ha r s he i rod or a nf ce nt t ough no f ul oft i own)t o a n as mpl ofOve t sbl Thus acli by a t he r o bt i a e ron' ood. , am Ove t i vi pr i c me de a woul ha f l f t sr s ron nvol ng e ndit nt l y d ve aied or hi ea on. Ac or ngl t r wa noprj c c di y-hee s eudie. Ov ron,976 So. a 559- He e,M r Ove t as e t t theb sca bl ofesa ihi bo h et 2d t 60. r . ron s rs ha t pa e i t bls ng t acu prj cea delbert pr ec ora delybyt Stt t gantci la ntge. (DE tal eudi nd i ae os ut il a he ae o i a tca dva a ' g ' 8Ja l .Spe fc l Mr. ronaguest thes f edprj c 'nt f m ofl t t 66) ciialy, Ove t r ha ufer eudie û he or i os evi nc a wine s 'abiiy t ac r t l r ca li poran f c ss r de e nd t s es lt o cu a ey e l m t t a t uroundi t c i '(J.. ng he rme.- / ) Mr Ov ro as a srst a h wa :u te p eu ie fo t ee e d dd lyb teStt ' . etn lo se t h t e s t rh r rj dc d r m h xtn e ea y h aes f a tv l s lctn a dp o u i gt si n tr u hteu eo j i h u eif r ns'(#. ciey oiiig n r c rn e tmo y h o g h s f al o s n o ma t. / ) ' Abs ntfom M r Ove t sa gum e si whyt de e m i ton oft Fl i Supr e i . ron' r nt s he t r na i he orda eme Cou twasunr as bl l t Pe ii M r Ove t mak asngl a gumentwihou r e ona e. n he tton, . ron es i e r t t e anai Si pl hea s rst att c tm a an unr as xpl ton. m y, s e t h he our de e onabl detr i ton oft f c s e e m na i he a t . W ihoutm o e t Co ta s e t tM r Ove tn doesnott ke is wih t Fl i Supr m e t r , he ur s um s ha . ro a s ue t he orda e Cour' applcai ofclary e t bls d f de a lw .AsM r Ove t hasno a gue t tt ts i ton e l sa ihe e r l a . ron t r d ha he c r' a ia i ofcla l esa ihed f de all wasunr as na e, heCour wilpr e d t ou ts pplc ton e ry t bls e r aw e o bl t t l oc e o t f c ua de e m i tons 3 he a t l t r na i .o On appe l t Fl i Su e Cou tma f fct fndi .Thec tdeer ned a , he orda pr me r de our a uali ngs our t mi t tt a i wine s woul ha pr de a i ha he lbi t s es d ve ovi d n ncompl t de e e, ha no e de ee sst ee f ns t t vi nc xit o s how t tLor Swa woul ha bee a et pr deanyi br a i i vi plnt DNA ha na by d ve n bl o ovi nt m ton nvol ng a ed e denc , her i no e de et tt ' a 'et t deg ada i orc a i ton oft DNA vi e t e s vi nc ha he ' y'l l o r ton ont m na i del he e de e, nd t tlw e or eme purued o he la durngt i si at y pe i bu vi nc a ha a nf c nt s t r e ds i he nve tg or rod t n hi ofs bsanc wa f ot ng u t e s ound untlM r Overon cu hi s fwhiei polc c t a t e i . t t m el l n ie usody nd h polc fnal ha aDN A s m pl t c pa ewih t DNA f ie q ly d a e o om r t he ound fveye spro Se Ov ron, i ar i r. e e t 97 So. a 561.''er cor s 6 2d t l e d howst e f t lndi t bcr s bl Byconta t M r h hes acual q ngs o ea ona e. rs. . Ovet sf t a lga i i hi Pe ii a chi y s c ai ron' acual le tons n s tton r ghl pe ul tvc. Ev i t tm ea a tnda er c dsha bee pr s r d. bes,t er or woul en f he i nd te nc e or d n e e ve at t hos ec ds d 3 lhecou tf t M r Overonwa r quiedt s i ct prj c fom t 0' r ound hat . t s e r o how k ual eudie r he a dely'a 'hen t cour m us t n wei a demonsr e r s f t dea ag ns t a ' nd ' t he t t he gh ny tabl ea ons or he ly ai t he sgniia eoft pa tculrprj c onaca eby- s bass' The et rquie nt i fc nc he ri a eudie s- ca e i. ' s wo e r me s c ompor wih ce ry e tbls d f der l1w a t tme ofM r Ov t sa t t la l sa ihe e a a t he i . eron' ppea .See Unie l td v//A r Lov c 431U. 783 ( 977) / c ' . as o, S. 1 . k 76 ve , he e ds haves hown t tM r Ove t wa a wor o t nihtoft mur s Howe r t r cor ha . ron s t k n he g he der . woul no c usvey s d t oncl i l how t tM r Ove t wa a wor att tmeoft m ur r . The ha . ron s t k he i he de s m ur r t plc s e i afe 9pm . l M r Ove t ha wor d t e ni s f on t de s ook a e om tme t r f . ron d ke h ght hit he e ni oft mur r ,t ni s f di notbe nuntl1l t hour alert M a vor ve ng he de s he ght hit d gi i pm; wo s l he cl s weels s e alve.(lE 1 - 1a 18 . r a t e n i t) 3277 t ) Asf rasLor Swa i w'st e defns t or a ti t s ga Det tveVi c a a na by, t a h e e he y t ral hat he ve eci so us d eo e ndom c ai ng M r Ove t ss r s ve alm on hsbe or t M a vor 'm u der The ont ni . ron' pe m e r t f e he cl s r . obvi i a i lt oft st or a i t r i no e denc wha s rt s ous mplusbiiy hi he y sde, he e s vi e toeve o uppor t s t hi al gai Durng posco c i De e tveVic t sii d t thedi notr e veacondom le ton. i t nviton- t ci s o e tfe ha d ec i gom M s Swa (DE l 2931a 29) Morov r e nM r Ove t hi el esiiddurng . by. I 3t . e e , ve . ron ms ft tfe i posconvitont thewhe he s cult d a t c i ha n pe a e bouthow t polc woul hav go t hi DNA he he ie d e ten s ha t -t nkt onl wa t yc dha gotmy DNA wasgoti fom he v (DE 1 2881a d o 'hi he y y he oul ve tr r' g 3' t 27) Ass h, t cuale de e wase i r e t s t tlor Swabypr de t . uc no - t vi nc a ver ntoduc d o how ha - na ovi d he polc wih a DNA s m pl fom M r Overon. ie t a e r . t A lhoug M r O ve t c le an e r w' nes who t tle ge a l a t h . ron a l d xpe t i s t esii d ner ly boutt he de a ton a contm i ton ofDNA e de ,whe i c m etmet t tf r gar n an gr da i nd a na i vi nce n t a i o esiy e di g y s cii degr da i a c a i ton ofevi nc i M r Overon' c e t wine swas pe lc a ton nd ont m na i de e n . t s as , he t s una et tsiyt tt DNA hadde a d. g) 1 281la 36- .l contas,hee r who bl o etf ha he grde (1E 3t 37) n r tt xpe t t s ii d on be foft St t f e tte hal he a e ound no sgni i an s gns ofde a i i fc t i gr daton. As f rasa pur ef del y t gai a sr t gi a a ny pos ul a o n ta e c dvan a b 1 w e or em e , t ge y a nf c nt De e tve F. . one t tle i gr a de a lr ga di t l a t tw e e pur ue b t M on oe t ci K J s es i d n e t t i e r ng he e ds ha r i s d y he r CounyShe ifsOfiedurngtepr-ndit ntperod.(DE 1 2741a 1 11.Mr Ove t t rf fc i h ei cme i i 3t - ) . ron wa nott onl s pec c i e by 1w e br men . s he y us t onsder d a nt ce t Cl ry,t f t deer nai oft Fl i Supr me Cour a es ea l he acual t mi tons he orda e t r uppore by t td he rc d.j e or 2254( ( rquiest tt Cou ta cor t sat tilc ts t ildcf e e.l d)2) e r ha he r c d he t e ra our ubsanta ernc f 're ona emi rviwi t rc dmi diag e a tt tndi i que ton,k % las bl nds e e ng he e or ght s r e' bou he ' ng n si on g i ha sr e t tdoe nots fcet s r e t ti lc ts.. t r i tonv'Rie v bea eviw ha s ufi o upe s de he ra our' .de e m na i '' c . Colis,5 U. 333,3 1 42 ( ln 46 S. 4 -3 2006) Hab sr le us bede e . ea e ifm t ni d. B) Newl Dicov r dEvde eAcua Prjudie y s e e i nc / t l e c M r Ove t sfnals cai f f r ha asr i i t t'henewl dicove e . ron' i ub- l m or ede al be elef s ha û t y s rd e de c i r d al i wih t t or ofdc e e a ti lu r i sc i nc i t vi ncc onsde e ongsde t he he y f ns t ra nde m ne onfde e n he out meoft ti .'I 81a 1 . M r Ov t lrtma t scli i hi s cc s i co he ral'(DE t 74) . eron is de hi am n s u e sve posconviton moton. The ti c l hed an e dentar he rng.Att hea i M r Ove t t ci i ral ou' l t vi i y a i he rng, . ron pr e e t tmony i s es nt d esi n uppor oft scl m .Thecr tc tdenid t cli a t Fl i t hi ai icui our e he a m nd he orda Su emeCour afime Ovet v St e.1 So. 1 ( a.201 .M r Overonaguest t pr t tr d. ron . at 29 2d 069 Fl 3) . t r ha t Fl i Supr me Cour' de e mi aton was-c r y t a o a unr as he orda e ts t r n i iontar o nd/ r n e onabl ap i to e plcai n ofceal esa ihedlw. (Df 81atl 3) Mr Ove t a srst tt cour 'fie t l ry tbls a ' ( : ' ' 7 . . ron se t ha he tsald o c i rt e de eofSa r Sha st si onyt tt M a vor we eunde s vela a onsde he vi nc nd a w' e tm ha he cl s r r ur ilnce t t tme oft m u deraong wih t abunda e ofa tonale de ofa tr tvet ore of he i he r l t he nc ddii vi nce le na i he i s t ci prs nt a ti a i posconviton. (I 81a l .'hefcua ba i f t s he rme e e ed tral nd n t ci ' g)E t 73) l a t l ss or hi ' ' c ai n i bel & l n s o v. I 1 .Sa a Sha wor ed pa ttm e t ng f Sout s l tga i Se vi e M s n 991 ndr w k r -i ypi or hea t nves i tve r c s. . Sha t sis t ta pa t herdu i s woul t s ve lanc r pors.M s Sha w e tted ha s r of tes he d ype ur il e e t . w r mbe e t ng ac r pondenc lte a tt M ac vor a otnd t tm eoft i m ur r . eme r d ypi ores e et r bou he l s r l he i her de s 78 (DE 1 329)a 18 .Afe t mur s s s wiht owne ofSout as l siai L 3t ) tr he der, he poke t he r he t nve tg tve Se vie whoconfr t tt lte s ha t ped wa aboutt s me pe s whowe e r cs imed ha he et r he d y s he a r ons r mur rdi t Fl i Ke .(d.a 21) l 2004,M s Sha wa wachi tl sona a dee n he orda ys l t . n . w s t ng eevii nd s how a tt M a vorm ur r c m eon. Afe wa ds M s Sha c a t d t ne me at bou he cl de s a tr r , . w ont c e he ws di o a s t ts ha s dvie ha he d ome i - ma i whi ma bcr e tt t c i . She as c a t nt ton ch y elvan o he rmes or lo ont ced t el n c n eP oe t n e e t al c n e tdwihCa ia Col tr l g o a Co n e. 1 a h n o e c rj c a d v n u l o n ce t ptl l ea Re i n l u s l(d. t y a 28 . M s Sha di notr m be m u oft contntoft lte s t d i 1 ohe t ) . w d eme r ch he e he e tr he ype n 991 t r han t na ' a vor' eae i t rpol.1 a 39) Thelte wa a e s t s onewho he me ' cl 'app rd n he e ' (d. t . M t etr s ddr sed o ome h contc e t e i tgai a cyt s ei t y wou d c ad a t d h nvesi tve gen o e f he l onduc s ve lanc oft M a l s t ur il e he c vor . (DE l 3301a 5) Thi wast e e ofMs Sha skno e rgar ngt M a l s The g 3t . s he xtnt . w' wldge e di he cvor. Fl rdaSu emeCoul wasunper u d. oi pr ' t s ade c Overon ne cai st tSa a Sha pr de ne y dico r d e de ewhih t xt l m ha ndr w ovi d wl s ve e vi nc i dia e t aprva ei tga orwa hie t c n c t d hat i t nvesi t s r d o onducts ve lanc on t M a vor ur il e he cl s s ty b or t c e wasm ur r d by s e u hor l ef e he oupl de e om nknown per on. s The cic tc t r ui our de edt sc am ,fndi t tltl i a ofSha st si ni hi l i i ng ha ite, f ny, w' e tmony c tt e e de e onsiut d vi nc whih woul be a s i ea as e ntti . rng t e de i r he rng,Sha c d dmi sbl t ubs que ral Du i he vi nta y a i w dic sdhermi mali ve ti Sout a tl si tveSe vc ( S)a t s use ni nvol mcn n he s nve tgai r ies Sl nd he s r la eoft M a vor .Shealo t sii d wih r r t s r outofcour u veilnc he cl s s e tte t ega d o eve al t sa e nt by t ownerolSI M a tn W oodsde. di notknow t na oft t t me s he ' S, ri i She d he me he ci whoale dl hie W oodsdet s ve t M a vor . coul s pr cea lent l ge y r d i o ur y he cl s nor d he odu ny doc umentd c de e.She di notha anydocu e sgom Sl i c i whe whe e, e vi nc d ve m nt S ndiatng n, r ort wha e e Sl i tga e t e M a l s o t xt nt S nvesi t d h c vor . Gi t hi y i ul t y DNA e de e a t tm onypr entd durng ti diecl ven he ghl nc paor vi nc nd esi es e i ral r ty lnki Ove t t t mur r ofSus n a M i ha M a l , heev de e de crbe i ng ron o he de s a nd c el c vor t i nc s i d a bove, n i en iel tueand pr s nt durng til woul pr bl notpr ea eve f tr y r e e ed i ra , d oba y oduc n a quit lon rti l SeeJone 709 So. a 52l Overon appe r t r ogni et sf tas c ta era . s, 2d t . t a s o ec z hi ac hedoe notale t tt sev de pr bl woul p o ean a quit lon r ti ,bu s lge ha hi i nce oba y d r duc c ta e ral t r t smpl sa e t thi a t ne woul ha i s i t t sl a f t ri t yha aher i y tt s ha s tor ys d ve nve tgaed hi e d urhe f he d know n t tSl wasm oniorng t M ac vor .Cons ha S t i he l s eque l we a lr t cicui c ts nty. fi m he r t our ' deniloft sc am be aus Ove t ss ultve cl m f ist s co pr oft a hi l i c e ron' pec a i ai a l he e nd ong he ne l dicove e evi nce t t wy s r d de es . O v r on.1 So. a * et 29 2d t 3. '' be n,hi cai i conf l gi t s l m s o oundi ng. M r Overon as e t t ss cl m wihi hi cai . t s red hi ub- ai t n s l m f ri fe tveas itnceoftilcouns .Howe r hi a g e i nots m u a o ne f c i ssa ra el ve , s r um nt s o ch boutti ral c ouns - e t tvene sasi i abou a t li enc l ed,M r Ovcron doesnote ai els fkci s ts t c ua nnoc c. nde . t xpl n how orwha couns s d ha donet uncove t ale d s veilnc o1t M a vor .He t el houl ve o r he lge ur la e -he cl s doe nota guedei e f f lng t i esi t ordic erM s Sha bef eti l ( n isf ce s r tcincy or aii o nv tga e s ov . w or ra . ) t a , t r i no i ca i t tt si aStikl cli . he e s ndi ton ha hi s rc and am On ap l t Fl i Su emeCou tt pea , he orda pr r bund t tM r Ove t di no pl a oneoft ha . ron d t e d he e s ntal eme sofanewl dicove e cvi ncec am .'heCour i e pr t d hi cli t be s e i el nt y s r d dc li l t nt r e e s a m o t tc ns lw'ul h pur ue t e s r la e a a lged c i nalaci te ofM r M a vor ha ou e o d ave s d h u veilnc nd le rmi tvii s . cl ha t known a d hey boutt m . i M r Ove t cl ry a knowl dge t thi a gu e i sae he See d. . ron ea l c e s ha s r m nt n t t c twa sm pl t tù ihe J on Sm ih orM a elGa ci ha anyi or i t tt our s i y ha ' t r as ne t nu ra d nf maton ha he M a vor hadbe nunde s veilnc andt ti (i li t yha knownt t t ywoul ha cl s e r ur la e ha t sc f he d ha,he d ve i tgae f ter'(DE 8)a 1 .M r Overona s rst tt saecou ts dha nvesi td urh .' I t 73) . t s et ha he tt r houl ve c n i ee kheefc ta ti if r to ma /'oh do tcj r 'a dta ten wl o sd rd ' fe t h t h s n omain y ?v' a n h u y' n h t h e y t t / dic r e de s ove ed vi nce, en c i e al i t t or ofdef ea ti -unde mi es wh onsder d ongsde he he y ens t ral è r n cpf//rc i t oucomeoft til-(J. t1 tmphassadde .Gi nt tt swasnot fr cele n he t / he ra. / a 74le ' i d) ve ha hi pla asaSti l ca m,t Cour m us de e t tt si a a t li ed rckand li he t t duc ha hi s n c ua nnoce ecli . nc a m Ac ua i e c am sar notcognia e f rf r ha sr le . u am sofac u t l nnoc nce l i e z bl o ede al bea ei f - i cl t al i e e ba ed on ne y dic er e denc ha n rbe hed t sa eagr nd l f r l nnoc nc s wl s ov ed vi e ve eve en l o tt ou br ede a ha sr i a enta i pe bea elef bs n nde ndentconsiu i lvi ai oc ing i t u l ng sae tt tona ol ton cun n he nderyi t t c i i lpr e ng. He r r r Coli 506U . 390,400 ( 993) A cli ofa t li e rm na oce di ' r e a . lns, ' S. 1 . am c ua nnoc nce 80 i nota fee t ndi bassf ha a r i buti ca e e t pr du aldef tofa s r sa ng i or be s elef t n xcus he oce r aul n i ndepe ntc tt i ca m . i at404. nde onsiutonal li See d. s acli i c za e i t a ha ascor doe not uch am s ogni bl n kder l be pus s t -j( is ofwheher j,j s ue . i s a cl m wer c f uch ai e ogni a e, i doesnot z bl M ze s aus ve arie i t sca e,bel n f es n tofs i t s n hi ha f ce er hor ent The sa l a how ng hathe i a t ly i s c ua l nnoc . quarf MCour,ofc s hasne de de wha t pr iebu den ofpr f l y. ie t our e, i z Sup eme ver ci d t he ecs r oof or a fee tndi a t li e c am woul be. r sa ng c ua nnoc nce l i d Howeve .t Coul ha i cae r he ' s ndi td t t ti woul nec s rl b mor dilcul t e tbls afe t ndi a t l ha t d es a iy e e fi t o sa ih r esa ng c ua inoc ncecai t n i i t esa i hac u i noce un rt f n e l m ha t s o t bls t al n nce de he undame a nt l mic rig o j siee c pint tep o e u a d fut ocrn . e/41 :1 s ara e f u tc x e to o h r c d r l ea ld ti e Se /?. 7 / . : Bel 5 U. 51 1 S. . l, 47 S. 8, 26 Ct 2064, 2087,1 L. 2d 1( 65 Ed. 2006) -0 s tsy t s .1 a if hi l s rsa r ( ch is fa isw yi t extaor na y c e, Hous s1 es e t nda d whi tel pple s onl n he r di r as ' ' e 26 S. . t2077) M iewoul ha t de Cta , z d ve o monsr et t-ti mor lkel t nno tat ha k s e i y ha t i t a nor a o bej r rwo l h v f u dp tto e g i yb y n ara o a l h t e s na l u o ud a e o n ei n r ul e o d e s n be i t doubt'Sc u v. o.51 U. 298, . hlp Del 3 S. ' 327,1 S. .851 867,1 L. 2d 808 15 Ct , 30 Ed. ( 9 .I ot rwor ,hewoul havet s i i prba et t gi t new l 95) n he ds d o how t s o bl ha, ven he e de e, r s bl j orwoul ha c ce hi See/tè$ 1 S. . t vi nc no eaona e ur d ve onvitd m. -7/:, 26 Cta / . 2077. kiev Hal.532F.d 11 1l ( 1hCi. lz . l 3 84, 95 1 t r 2008) . i W hiet Cou'doe notfnd M r Ove tn' l he l t s i . ro s cli t becog z bl he e,e n i i we e, hecl m l c mert or r M r Ove t ha am o nia e r ve f t r t ai a ks i.M eove , . ron s notal edt fct ne es a y t esa i han a t li en cli whih woul e us a leg he a s c s r o t bls c ua nnoc ce a m c d xc e pr e alde a t oc dur f ul. 7h sa dada o td b t eUntdS ae Su rmeCo r i at ora o a l j r r' -e tn r d pe y h ie tts pe ut s k e s n be uo ' n sa r , t nda d'howe r M r Ove t ha onl al ge t tM s Shaw' t si ony ma ha had a ve , . ron s y le d ha . s e tm y ve n i c ont j ' andc i nc i t outomewa un r ne ' si notenought mpa t he ul y onfde e n he c s de mi d. rhi s o e tbiha t a in c nc u d rt cf n a n a mic rig o j siee c p int t sa ls cu l n o e e n e h u d me tl s a ra e f u tc x e to o he pr ed a de aul docti Se Sc u 51 U. a 298. Ha a r le i deni oc ur l f t rne. e hl p, 5 S. t be s ei f s ed. Acc di y, f e due cons de a i i i or ngl a t r i r ton, t s OI tDE1 ) AN D AD JU DG ED t tPe ii r Thom asM ic lO ve t sPe ii n f r tEl ha ttone , t hel r on' tto o W rto Ha e sCo p sPu s n t 2 U. C. 2 5 i DENI l i f rh r i f b a r u rua t o 8 S. j 2 4 s ED. t s u te O RDERED AND ADJUDGED t taCe tfc t ofApp l biiy i DENI ha rii ae ea a lt s ED. -he Cou'doe notfnd t tt r i a s t i s l ' l t s i ha he e s ubsantal howi ofadeni ofac tt i rght ng al onsiutonal i a d-u it Of e s c udd s ge wi ted src c u tsr s lto of i c n tt to a n j rss ra on o l ia r e t h itit o r' e ou in h s o siui n l h cam o t a j rssc udc n l d teis e p e e tda ea e u t t d sr ee c u a e n li r h t u it o l o cu e h su s r s ne r d q ae o e ev n o r g me t t pr ee f t r'MilrElv Coc r l,537U. 3 327( o oc d urhe . le - . k el ' S. 22, zoo3lcttonomitd) tiai te . l i f r he ts ut r ORDERED AND ADJUDGED t tt sc e i he e CLOSED . ha hi as s r by DoxEAxD ORDER! i chmb ra MimiFoiati z# dyo Jn ay 2 1 . ID n a es t a , lrd ,hs / a f aul, 0 6 ' *' 7 --- - - MI CHAEL M OORI ? CHI UN 1 '- S'' EF 'lD I l$ ' ATES DI STRI J CT UDGE . cc:couns ofr d el ecor 8 2

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