Henderson v. Dade County Police Benevolent Association, Inc., No. 1:2014cv20321 - Document 29 (S.D. Fla. 2014)
Court Description: ORDER granting in part and denying in part 24 Motion to Dismiss Second Amended Complaint. Plaintiff must file a Third Amended Complaint if she so chooses by 7/24/2014. Defendant shall answer or respond to the remaining claims, and to any amended claims in a Third Amended Complaint if filed, by 8/11/2014. This case is set for trial for the two-week period commencing 2/23/2015. Signed by Judge Federico A. Moreno on 7/18/2014. (rtn)
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Henderson v. Dade County Police Benevolent Association, Inc. Doc. 29 UN II STA TES D I 'ED ' STRI COU RT FOR 'TI CT I E SOU THERN D I STM CT O F FLO RI A D M i m iD i son a vi i C as Num ber: 1 20321 C I - O REN O e 4- V M ANGELI QUE HENDERSON, Pl ntf , ai if VS. DA DE CO UN TY PO LI CE BENEVO LEN T A SSOCI TI ,I C. A ON N , Def nt enda . / O RDER GM NTI I PART AND DENYI I PART NG N NG N M OTI TO DI I SECOND AM ENDED COM PLAI ON SM SS NT Pl ntf ai ifAnge i He r on, Afi n- rca f m aes g ntwiht M im iDad lque nde s an rca Ame i n, e l er ea t he a - e Polc De rm e ,fld a lws ta ns Def ntDa Count PolceBe volntAs oc ai i e pa t nt ie a ui gai t enda de y i ne e s i ton (he$ t i ', l i dici naina rtlai Pli ifsSe ndAme dCompli a srs PBA' alegng s rmi to nd eaiton. antf co ) nde ant se t t nc e ount ofdicrm i ton ba e on r c s x a na i lo i n, w e la r t la i f pr e t d s s i na i s d a e, e nd tona r gi as l s e a i ton or ot c e a tviy, oug unde Til VI oft Ci lRi t Ac of1 4,a a nded,42U. 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Furhe t nnor i a or nce wih t Cour ' Sc ulng Or r i e, n cc da t he ts hed i de , ssued smula ousywiht i t ntOr r t sca ei s tf rtilf t t wee pe i c i tne l t he nsa de , hi s s e o ra or he wo- k rod ommencng i February 23.2015. Dockets.Justia.com 1 Pl ntf Fae ualA le i . ai irs t l gat ons I 2009, antf t t M im iDa Count polc le e tse m a pl c 6t out n Pli if ook he a - de y ie iut nan ' xa nd a ed h of 6 a ian s whi h ma he t hihe t r nki blc f 2 pplc t , c de r he g s a ng a k emal c da e on t 2009 e andi t he pr omotona ls . l Se e be 201 Pl i ifcompl i t t PBA t tno s r a sfom t i l it n pt m r 0, antf aned o he ha e ge nt r he 20 Lit we e be ng pr o e t fl t va i pr otona va nc e ,and t r f e he 09 s r i om t d o il he rous om i l ca i s he e or r c r c ua rg swer be ng vi aed,buta or ng t he t PBA r f s d t do a hi a onta t l i ht e i ol t cc di o r he eue o nyt ng bout he co pl i s r m a nt . Pli ift n me wihPBA a t ne Andr w Axer t as f hi as it ei e e ng antf he t t tor y e lad o k or s s sanc n xt ndi t 2009Litse f c i pe i M r Axer d r f e sa i i S oul c ea l ndsofgre nc he s' fe tve rod. . la e us d, ttng tt d aus l ki c i va es a lws t ' l Fe u r 2011, antf a n me wih M r Axela a c nd a uis. n br a y ' Pl i if gai t t . r d nd ompl ne a ai d boutt he Coun y' f iur t flpr t s a l e o il omoto l ca i s durngwhi hme i Pl ntf ga doc e st M r i na va nc e , i c etng ai if ve um nt o . Ax la ta s o daHip ni mae Ama oOj d , sp o tdt l u e a to De e e 1 er d h t h we s a c l, d e a wa r moe o i tn n n c mb r 3, e 2 0 d s iet efc t a Oj d ddn t u lf o t 2 0 Lit Mr Axer dr f s dt c n ie 0 9, e pt h a t h t e a i o q aiy n he 0 9 s. . la eu e o o sd r Pli ifsdoc nt . antf ume s OnNove be 1 2011, mos t yea sa trt 2009Litbec m r 7, al t wo r fe he s amee f c i a l st n fe tve nd es ha amont be or i wass heduld t e r ,hePBA tl d agre nceale ngt tt Cou y f ie h f et c e o xpie t ie i va l gi ha he nt a ld t pr o e pe s me t t r nk of leutna as r quie by t 2008 Cole tve Bar i ng o om t r or l o he a i e nt e r d he lc i gani Agr e e . The PBA t fld a gre nc i Feb ua y 201 -ni we ksa trt 201 Lit e m nt hen ie iva e n r r 2 ne e fe he 1 s be ame e f c i - smia l a lgi f iur t pr o e pe s me t t r nk of le t na a c fe tve i lry le ng a l e o om t r or l o he a i u e nt s r quiedund t 2011Cole tve Ba ga ni Ag ee t e r er he lc i r i ng r men . On D e e be 8, 1 t e wee a t rt PBA t l d a g i va ef he 2009 Li t t 2009 c m r 201 , hr e ks fe he i e r e nc ort s , he Lite r d.Pl i ifbele d,howe r t therpr s xpie antf ive ve ,ha omoto lrg swe ebe ngpr e t i g i na i ht r i ot ced n ood - 2- f ih by t PBA.On J 25, 2,hePBA s nta e i t Pl ntf and o he s sa i i pa t at he une 201 t e n ma l o ai if t r , ttng n r: Ass omeofyou ha r c i d by now, hene pr ve e e ve t w omotonalls i outa i it s nnounci ng p o to st tern sof ifM ao , e tna t n Seg a t W ec n rt lt r moi n o h a k Che , j r Liue n a d r e n . o g auae a1 t e who we e pr otd a ha no doub t t i i weldes r d a l hos r om e nd ve t ha t s l- e ve nd wa r nt Fort ewho we e on t Sol 'ls a we e notpr ot t PBA ra ed. hos r he ç d' it nd r om ed, he silha a g i va pendi and wilc i t go f t wih t tgre nc a tl s re nce ng l ontnue o orh t ha i va e nd pr ee wih t he rng. l i t PBA ' poston t twha i rghti rght-i t oc d t he a i t s he S ii ha tsi s i f he postonse se a t tmet ol ls expie t nt PBA f e st y s dhave ii xitd t he i he d it r d he he e l he houl b e fl d o tfo t eodlsl e n il u r m h l it. e l On Aug t2,201 t PBA is notc t t a a bir ton he i r r ng t 2009 Lit us 2, he s ued ie ha n r tai arng ega di he s g i va e ha be n s he e f Oc o r26,201 On Oc o r1 201 Pli tf a tmpt d t re nc d e c dul d or t be 2. t be 2, 2, a n if te e o me twih Si e t mone Lope a at e f t PBA,butM s Lo zwasnoti herofi Pl ntf z, n tom y or he . pe n fce. ai if ha br d oughtva i docume sr l ntt t pe ng g i va e,ncudi doc rous nt eeva o he ndi re nc i l ng umen se de ng t vi nci e si va nc e whe et Ciy cli e nonee se Pl ntf l f c e oft doc e swih xitng ca i s r he t am d xit d. ai if e t opi s he um nt t aPBA r c ptonit and lR ames a f rM s. e e i s, e s ge o Lope t calwhe s r t ned. zo l n he eur On Oc obe 1 201 Pl ntf cal dt PBA ' Pr i nt J m Ri a, nd e anedt t t r 7, 2, ai if le he S esde , ol ver a xpli ha s ha pr de docume st t PBA t ts had gaher d t ough publcr cor r quessa he d ovi d nt o he ha he t e hr i e d e t nd ot m iefom t Count bu t PBA s he s r he y, t he uppos dl r f e t r vi orus t m i s e y e us d o e ew e he n uppor ofis t t ca e.M r Ri r sr s ns wa t tt PBA ha ist op at e ' ndlngt m a tr a i t s . ve a' e po e s ha he d t l tom y'ha i he te , nd n he t Pl i ifsviw wa lbl ng of Pl i ifandt evi nces wa a tm ptngt ofe i s antf e s i owi f' antf he de he s te i o f r n uppor t oft gre nc he i va e. On Oc o r25, 2, a ntf c a t d M s. ez a w a t d t tt Coun y ha a e d t be 201 Pl i if ont c e Lop nd s ol ha he t d gr e t s t l t e gre nc b pr o i f r le e nt . Re ogni ng t a t sde c d e l he o e te h i va e y om tng ou i ut na s c zi h t hi al oul xc ude r de pie ale dl ha ng p ovi d e d ce f om whi h i coul be c u d t tt er w e e t n or s t l ge y vi r de vi en r c t d oncl de ha h e r e m or leut e i enantvacanci -Pl ntf nt outt M s.Lopez t t setl entw oul excl her, es ai ifpoi ed o hat he tem d ude t hi s r nki bl c f m a e o t 2009 Lit M s Lope r s he ghe t a ng a k e l n he s. . z e ponde t ti di no m a t ra s d ha t d t te nd he wo l n ttg tt g tpanifp o td çu tb c us' pan i wa t ef g e trn ig ba k ud o i h o e lit r moe j s e a e' litf s h i h s a kn lc f f hi f al ' em e.' On Ocobe 26,201 Pl i if wihout t as it nc of c t r 2, antf , t he ssa e ouns , fl a Cha ge of el ied r Dici nai wiht Equa Empl ntOpporuniyCommison ( srmi ton t he l oyme t t si EEOC) algi t tt , le ng ha he PBA dic i nae a ns he ont bassofr c ge ,a nai lorgi On Nove s rmi t d gai t r he i a e, nder nd tona i n. mber26, 201 Pli ifema l PBA Pr i ntJ m Ri r a c pl ne t tt ha i oft 2009 2, antf ied esde ol ve a nd om ai d ha he ndlng he Lit omotona pr e shadbe ndic i na or owa dbl kf mal a ha t PBA ' a tr ys s pr i l oc s e s rmi t yt r ac e es ndt the S to ne ha i r he onc r a gre nc .Pl ntf i here lncudedr f r nc st dic i na i d gno ed rc e ns nd i va es ai if n maii l e e e e o s rmi ton pr vi i fom Cha e 1I ofM i miDadeCount sCode ofOr nanc ,a Adm i sr tve o sons r ptr A a y' di es nd nita i Or rNo. 6 -Pe s l Polc on Equa Empl e Opporuniy Pr oto a Tr i ng. de 7r onne iy l oym nt t t om i n nd a ni Pli ife e s dc e nst t hePBA ha s a ntf xpr s e onc r ha t d uppore di c i i t ypr tc byt M im iDade td s rm na or aci es he a Polc De rm e . M r Ri r ne rr s i e pa t nt . ve a ve e ponde d. OnNove be 30, 2,he PBA e e e a a e m e wih M im iDa Count t s tl m r 201 t nt r d n gr e nt t a - de y o ete t pe ng gre he ndi ivanc r ltng t t 2009 Liti e e ea i o he s n xcha f ,among ot t ngs t Coun y nge or her hi , he t maki t e s r antt le e ntpr ng hr e e ge -o-iut na omotonsfom t 2009 Lit Ea h oft t e pr o i i r he s. c he hr e om tons w e t Hi pa c m al . A l o on N o m be 30,201 t PBA ag e d t e e t 2011 Lita nt o s ni es s ve r 2, he r e o xt nd he s n addii l a .l s doi Pli tf -whoi no ont 2011Lit-c dnotbepr tona ye r n o ng, a n if s t he s oul omot dfom t e r he 2009Lit andwoul ha t watan a tona ye rbef eha nga opporuniyt a i qualf s, d ve o i ddii l a or vi n t t o gan iy f pr or omoton.OnDe e be 4, 2, a n if wihoutt a ssa ofc i c m r 201 Pli tf , t he s it nce ouns l fl a a e ,ied n mende d Cha geofDicrmi tonwiht Equa Empl r s i na i t he l oyme OpporuniyComm ison, ddi r t la i nt t t s i a ng e a iton t h p e ous y fl d c r o er r vi l ie ha ge. On M a 1 201 afe ai if co pie addii y 4, 3, trPl ntf m ld tonaldocu e s fom publc r cor m nt r i e ds - 4- r que t ,s e ald PBA Pr i ntJ hn Ri r a PBA e c i boa d m e e ss he m ie esde o ve a nd xe utve r mber ,a ki f s s ng or r pr s n a i durng a upc ng mee i wih Die t Pa tr on oft M i miDade Polc e e e t ton i n omi tng t r c or te s he a ie De rm e t Pli ifad s t ts wan e t pr e e de t t PBA a DiecorPa tr on pa t n . antf vied ha he t d o es nt vi nce o he nd r t te s r ga di how t pr o i lpr es wa ha e durng 201 a 2011,a s as d f rt e r ng he om tona oc s s ndl d i 0 nd nd he ke o he PBA' ta ssa ea lgalr pr e ai ' ThePBA' couns ,M r Axela denid Pl ntf S ds it nc nd e e es nt ton.' S el . r d, e ai ifs r ques f rhel a di notr viw Pli tf s e de e. On J e to p nd d e e a n if vi nc une 1 201 Pl i ifmetwih 9, 3, antf t Die t Pat r on wih noas it nc o r e e a i r c or te s t ssa e r epr s ntton. I .St I andard ofR e e vi w Unde Rul 8, pli ifm us pr deaçs t nd pl nsa e e of hecai s r e a antf t ovi ihor a ai tt m nt t l m howi t t ng ha t pla ri e ildt rle . Fe R. v. 8( ( .W he r i onamotont dimis ac t he e de s ntte o eif' d. Ci P. a)2) ' n ulng i o s s , our mus viw t c pli i t lg m os f vor et t pl i ifandas um et ver ct ofwe l t e he om a nt n he i ht t a abl o he antf s he a iy l- pla e fcu lalg to s S a e v US.De 'o al ( Hu n S r s Cts f rDie s e d d a t a le ain . pe k r . p t fHe t Q ma e v . r. o s a e h Conr l( Pr v ton, F. 1 1 ( 1hCi.201 .Howeve ,hi t tdoe no a y to f e eni 623 3d 371, 379 1 t r 0) r t s ene s t ppl t lg l o cuso , n s c c n lso s' s b s p re b fcu lalg to s' As c ot . o e a c n l ins a d u h o cu i n ' t e u po td y a t a le ain . h rj v mu ' l ,556 U. 662,679 ( qbal S. 2009) Tho h a pr rc anttdoe no nee deaied f t . ug ope ompli ' s t d t l acual aleg tons'i mus co a nçmor t nl be sa c usons a af mul i r c ttonofac us l a i , t t nt i û e ha a l nd oncl i s nd or ac e ia i ' a e ofa i wilnotdo. Bel l i Cor r Twombl 550U. 544,555( cton l ' lAtantc p. . ' y S. 2008) . 1 1 LegalA nal i 1. ys s Def ntfld aM oton t Dim isSec Am e d Co pl i ,a gui t c enda ie i o s s ond nde m ant r ng he ompli ant s d bedimis d f s ve alr a ons Fist t a lga i i t Se ond Am e d Com pl nt houl s s e or e r e s . r , he le tons n he c nde ai go f rbe a yond t s opeoft orgi a a e d c r ofdic i i ton fld wih t Equa he c he i nal nd m nde ha ges s rm na i ie t he l Empl oyme Opporuniy Comm ison,and t r f e do not r s bl r a e t t a tons nt t t si he e or ea ona y elt o he c i c ompl ne ofi t cha ge Se ond, antf ha f l t de o ta et PBA dic i i t d ai d n he r s. c Pl i if s aied o m nsr t he s rm na e a i tPli ifon t ba i ofr c ge rorna i orgi a sm ia l ha f ld t a lgea ga ns antf he s s a e, nde tonal i n, nd i l ry s aie o le ny dic i nat y a t commit by t PBA whih a e ac i bl ,and t r f e c nnot al ge s rmi or c s ted he c r tona e he e or a le vi ai ofTil Vl oft Ci lRi t Ac,t Fl i Ci lRi sAc ,orj 1981. Thid, oltons te I he vi ghs t he orda vi ght t r Pli ifha f ie t de antf s a ld o monsr t t tt PBA r t laedagans Pl ntf i vi ai n ofTil VI, tae ha he e ai t i t ai if n ol to te I teFlrd Cii Rih sAc, rj 1 81 Th Co r wil d rs e c of h s ag me t i tm . h o i a v l g t t o 9 . e u t la d e s a h t e e r u n s n u A.TheCo t sSub e t at rl idito Ove Pli irsCl i W he et eAle to s ur Ha j c M te urs ein r antf ams r h lgai n i t Se ond Amende Com pl ntReas n he c d ai onabl Rel et t Or gi and Amende Char s y at o he i nal d ge o Dicrm i i Fie wih t EqualEmpl ym e O ppor uniy Comm is on. f s i naton l d t he o nt t t si De e d n ag e t a teCo r d e n tha es b e tmatr u idci no e Plitf f n a t r u s h t h u t o s o v u j c te j rs ito v r anifs cai be a ePl ntf ha notpr ry e use he a nita i r medi by tlng ac r e l ms c us ai if s ope l xha t d r dmi sr tve e es ii ha g ofdic i na i wih t Equa Em pl s rmi ton t he l oyme Opporuniy Comm ison,a t r o e has no nt t t si nd he ef r t stsidt s u idcin le urme tofl ac mpan u d rTil Vl o teCiiRi hsAc . aife hij rs ito a r q ie n t ii o lit n e te 1 fh v l g t t ng Spe fc l De e nta g t tt a lga i i Pli tf s Se nd Ame d Compli t ciialy, f nda r ues ha he le tons n a n if co nde ant s go f rbe ndt s ope oft EEOC Cha g a Ame a yo he c he r e nd nded Cha geand a eno r as na y r lt d t r r t e o bl ea e o t s ia yac ofen e i i o a a ee ntwih t Coun y t s tl t gre nc ' De e nt he olt r t t rng nt n gr me t he t o e te he iva e. ' f nda alo s esst tPl ntf sr t lai cl m sa ei pr ra She a nde c r edoesnoteve s ugg t ha ai if e ai ton ai r m ope s f me d ha g t n addes t acinsoft ( r s he to he PBA)a bengbasdonrt iton. TheCour dia r e wihea hof s i e ealai ' ' t sges t c t e a gum e s hes r nt . Fis , t r s ct oDe e r t wih e pe t f ndantss ' ugge ton t Pli ifsr alaton c am sa ei oper si hat antf et i i l i r mpr wh et f ct laleg i i t orgi la a er he a ua l atons n he i na nd mende cha gesofdic i nai a enotba e i d r s rmi ton r sd n s h a cli ,De e nti c r c t ta pa t nor ly camotr ie c r snotcon a ne i is uc am f nda s ore t ha ry ma l r a s ha ge ti d n t Equ Em pl m e OpporuniyComm isonc r f hefr ti i ltga i Se Gr go y, al oy nt t t s i ha ge ort is tme n ii ton. e e r 355 - 6- F. a 1 80. Howe r a r c ni e e pton t t sr e al c t t he rc r not 3d t 279ve , e og z d xce i o hi ul lows ours o a ha ges con anedi s h ac r ei t ecli sa lger t lai a ns t pl ntf f tlngt EEOC t i n uc ha g f hos am le e ai ton gai t he ai if or ii he c ag .80 t v Pa c Cou y Fl. 8 9F. p . d 1 8 1 9 ( . Fl. 11 (i igwh r h r e 0h . s o nt a , 2 Su p 2 1 0, 1 4 M D. a 20 ) fndn ee panifalg s ewa de idp o to o po tnte a r h fl go h sEEOC c r e 'hefc li tf l e h s ne r moin p ru iis he t e ii f i e n hag ,ç a t t t tt s alegai wer no i l d i hi EEOC cha ge does notpr ve t Cour fom ha he e l tons e t nc ude n s r e nt he tr c i rngt m' (mpha i i orgi l. onsdei he ' e ) ss n i na) Sec ond, t r pe tt Defnda ' a g e sa wih es c o e nts r um nt boutt pr pe s opeofPli ifscli s he o r c antf am , c t ha consse l hed t tt s ope ofa c ours ve it nty l ha he c ompl i i ge r ly lm ie t t s ant s ne a l i t d o he copeoft he EqualEmpl oyme Opporuniy Co mison i tga i whih c n r as bl be expe t d t nt t t m s i nvesi ton c a e ona y ce o go o t fh c reo d s rmiain. u n r . r 8 4F.d1 2 1 2 ( 1hCi. 98 ) ctn r w u o t e hag f ici n to T r e v Or , 0 2 2 3, 2 6 1 t r 1 6 (iig Sanc zv St dar Br ,f . 431F. 455,5 (t Ci.1 . Thi i nota e ctng he . an d ands nc, 2d 66 5h r 970) ss n xa i sa r a c t ha br dl i er r t t s ope ofapli tf s EEOC c r t fnd t t t nda d, nd ours ve oa y nt p eed he c a n if ha ge o i ha alg to i aj diilc mpan ra o a y rlt t t e c ag o d s rmi ain. Se ,eg. le ains n u ca o lit e s n bl eae o h h r e f ic i n to e ., Tu ne 8 F. a 1 (ç s opeoft EEOC c ai s dnotbesrcl i epr td' r r, 04 2d t 226 ihe c t he ompl nt houl tity ntr ee ); Grgoyv Ga De 'o i ma Re .3 5F.d 1 7 1 8 ( 1hCi. 0 4 ($ healg to si e r . . p t flu n s, 5 3 27 , 2 0 1 t r 2 0 ) çT) l ain n ( e aj dca c mplitfldp ru n t Til Vl ma e c mpa sa ykn o dic i n to lk o u iil o an ie u s a t o te l y n o s n id f srmiain ie r rltdt t algai cont ne i t chage. eae o he le tons ai d n he r ' ). Th Co r i Gr goyf rh r oe ta j dca camsaeal we i te S mp iy caiy e u tn e r u te n td h tu iil li r lo d fh y l lf , lrf , a orm or ce l f us'healegai i t EEOC c r ,a t c t a ete r mel r ucant e lary oc 't l tons n he ha ge nd hat ours r sxte y el t t alow poce a tc c iist ba cli br htunde ( te Vlj'355F. a 1 9o l r durl e hnialte o r ams oug r Til 1. ' 3d t 27 80 (iainso te ) Co rsaesmi ryrlca t op o e u al ba s c camswh nt e se ctt o mitd . u t r i l l eu tn t r c d rly r u h li a e h y tm fom c r fl d by l ym e a w ihout he a s s a e ofc r ha ges ie a n nd t t s it nc ouns l A st Cour i Sanc z not d, e . he tn he e ( teVI!c e aesteflngofc r sbypes unut e i t t i c ltes Til I ontmplt h ii hage rons t ord n he ecmiaii oft l w a who ma no ,a t ttme bea et f l a tc a et i g i nc sor he a nd y t t ha i , bl o ul riult he r reva e y bea r oft f l an yofdic i naor pr c i sa i them orot r smiary wa e he ul p opl s rmi t y a tce gans t he s i l l s t t d..,.The Co m i son w hi h m us ope a e on t ba i o t a i sr tve iua e m si c t rt he s s f he dm nit a i c r ( mus t rf eviw t c r i isbr es r aona es ns . hage ) t heeor e he hage n t oad t e s bl e ell 431F. a 46 67. 2d t 6Acc di y,t Co tvi wsPli ifsorgi and a or ngl he ur e antf i nal mende c r ofdicrm i ton, d ha ges s i na i fld wihou t as it eofc ie t t he ssanc ouns l br dl t dee m i whe he t a lga i i t Sec e , oa y o tr ne t r he le tons n he ond Am e d Co pli c n r as na y beexpe t d t gr ou oft e c r es l doi s t nde m a nt a e o bl c e o ow t hos ha g . n ng o, he Co t ur fndsPl n ifscli f dicrmi tona r t i i c n r a ona ybee aitf a ms or s i na i nd ealaton a e s bl xpece t gr td o ow outoft c r ofdic i nai Pl i ifi he org na a a e d c r esofdic i i ton he ha ge s rmi ton. antf n r i i l nd m nde ha g s rm nai m a f cualal gai r r ng t c l c i ba ga ni pr sons t unfled pr o i de a t le tons egadi he ole tve r i ng ovii , he il om tonal vac nc e , heCount sa l d r f s l o fl t evac nci , ee i he d a t PBA ' w or ac a ist y' lege e u a t il hes a es m tngs l t he S kpl e r ga di t eva a es a t a r nts tl me bewee t PBA a M i - deCo y e r ng hos c nci , nd he ppa e ete nt t n he nd amiDa unt e ha whi h r s t i Pl ntf notr ce vi a pr oton. Gi n t s a l atons i i m or t n c e uled n ai i f e i ng om i l ve he e leg i , t s r as bl t ta e ui i si a i madebyt Equal pl e OpporuniyComm ison e ona e ha n ns ng nve tg ton he Em oym nt t t si woul l i ot dute a r s d ook nt he i s nd e ponsbiii soft PBA asac r c ua l a horz d ba gai ng i lte he onta t ly- ut ie r ni uni f polc ofier s hasPli if I i eq lyr s bl t ta i si a i woul l i o t or ie fc s uc a ntf. t s ua l ea ona e ha n nve tg ton d ook nt h0w t e dutes a r s i ltes wer a i se e pa tc ary wih r pec t t hos i nd e ponsbiii e dm nit r d, ri ul l t es t o he é omotona va ances' nd am e tng b t e t PBA andM im iDa Count t dicus t e d pr i l c i 'a e i e we n he a - de y o s s hos lTW0 da aferPl ntf fl heramended char ofdicrmi ton,s subm it aw rte ys t ai if ied ge s i na i he ted itn sae n algiga to lfc srltn t t ea ov me tone algains( tc n t D. 26 . ttme t le n ddiina a t eai g o h b e n i d le to Ata hme t o E. 1 W hie Def ndanthasnotar l e gued t tt Cour cannotconsi t cont por ha he t der he em aneousalegatons t l i , he Cour fndsi doesnotnee t Undera br d r ng oft alega i cont ned i t orgi and ti t d o. oa eadi he l tons ai n he i nal a ended char ofdicrm i i fl by a Iyman w ihoutt as sanceofcouns ,t ale i m ges s i naton, ied a t he sit el he lgatons cont ned i t Second Amended Com pl ntcan r onabl beexpect d t gr outoft char ai n he ai eas y e o ow he ges, Sa he , 1F. a 46 67 T ne ,8 4 F.d a 1 6(s s o oft eEEOC c mpl nts ul no b nc z 43 2d t 6- ; ur r 0 2 t 22 çhe c pe h t o ai ho d t e srcl it r rt d';Gr gor 35 F.d a 1 9- 0( o t a eç x r meyr l t n't p o e r lyba tity n e p ee ' e y 5 3 t 27 8 c urs r t te l euca t'o r c du a l r ) e camsb o h u de Til Vl)( iainso te . li r ug t n r te I ctto mitd) - 8- va ncesasaleg by Pl ntf i he orgi la a e d cha ges ca i l ed ai if n r i na nd m nde r . Att ssa ofltga i Def nda hasf us d t na r y on Pli ipsorgi la hi t ge ii ton, e nt oc e oo rowl a ntf i na nd a mende c r s of dic i i ton. For t s r a ons Pli if has pr ry e use he d ha ge s rm na i he e e s , a ntf ope l xha t d r a nitai rme es a dimis lpurua t Fe R.Ci P.1 b)1 i notwar ntd. dmi srtve e di , nd s sa s nt o d. v. 2( ( ) s ra e B.Pl ntf Cl ms f Rac Dic i i i Ge r Dic i i i and NatonalO rgi ai irs ai or e s r m naton. nde s r m naton i i n Dicrmi i Agai tThePBA ( s i naton ns Count 1 I,11 V,VI Vl and I s , I 1, , I X) De e ntne a gue t tPl ntf ha f l t sae acl m f r ce ge ra na i l f nda xt r s ha ai if s aied o t t ai or a , nde nd tona o ii ds rmiaini volto o Til Vl, 2U. C. 2 0 ,h Flrd Ci l g t Ac, l. rgn ici n to n i ain f te I4 S. j 0 0 t e o i a viRih s t Fa Sa. 7 00 () a d42U. C. 1 1 tt j 6 .1 1 , n S. j 98 . Fis ,heCou tno e t talboruni n, c be r c ra n d i t ismembe s ma be rtt r t s ha a o whi h a s e ti utes o t r, y s b e tt la iiyf rd s rmi ain i isc n u ti ar a e ly e sa i t t e o c h s u j c o ib l o ic i n to f t o d c mp is n mpo e ' bl y o nfre i t i esa ihe c r trght t oug t lgal oc s Se 800t v Pas o Count Fl , F. pp. t bls d ontac i s hr h he e pr es . e h . c y a.829 Su 2d 11 0( . Fl 2011 ( i dee ntuni c nbela eiii i e i lyf ldt pr es 8 M D. a. ) notng fnda on a ibl sf tntntonal aie o oc s Plitfs c ant be a eoft i pr e e saus';Goodman v Luk sStelCo.48 U. anif' ompli s c us her otctd tt ' ) . en e , 2 S. 65 ( 987 (upe sde bysat eonot rgr 6 1 ) s re d t ut he ounds Cç uni whihi entonal a dsa s tng ) A on c nt i ly voi seri dicrmi to cli , t rs asnott antgoni t e oye a t i ove isc nce of s i nai n a ms eihe o o a ze he mpl r nd hus mpr t ha s s cc s c ot ris s ori de e e et t per e ve desr sofiswhiem e u e s m he s ue , n f r nc o he c i d ie t t mberhi i la e s p, s ibl u d r( t Vl)'. eeo e t ealg to si Plitf s c n Ame de Co litse n n e Tie I.) Th rf r ,h le ain n an if Se o d n d mp an ,tmmig l ' fom he orgi a a nde c r fl dwiht Equal pl r r i nal nd me d ha ges ie t he Em oyment OpporuniyComm ison, t t si i iaei e et pr e tdbyTil V1,t Fl i Ci lRiht Ac,and j1 1 mplc t ntr ss otce te I he orda vi g s t 98 . Se cond,c t ha c itnty he d t tt ee e s of a prm a f i c s and t ours ve onsse l l ha he lm nt i ace a e he a l ia fa naytc l r mewor f k orempl oyment s i na i cli smadeunderTil V1,heFl i Ci l dicrmi ton am te l t orda vi Rih s ta dj1 1whc aes to t b lw, r tesme E..Cr w o dv Ca r l, 2 F3 g t Ac, n 98 , ih r e frh eo ae h a . g , a f r . rol5 9 .d - 9- 961,970 ( 1hCi. ) Har rv.Bl kbu trEnt 'Cor ,1 F. 1385,1 ( 1h Ci. 1 t r 2008 ; pe oc se m t p. 39 3d 387 1 t r 1 98 ; ef i v Fe e al x Co p.9 4F. u p. d 1 68 1 7 n. ( D. a 201 ) TheCo r 9 ) T lar . d r E p. r , 3 S p 2 3 , 3 3 1 S. Fl. 3 . ut t r f ewila y t c am st t r he e or l nalze he l i ogehe . l a e oy e dicrm i toncai , antf ma sa ihdic i i tonb pr di n n mpl m nt s i na i l m apli if ye t bls s rm na i y ovi ng t Cour wih et rdiec o i r c e denc of heal ge dicrm i ton.Hilv M eto. l a he t t ihe r t r ndie t vi e t le d s i na i l . r Atant Ra dTr i t ,8 F. 1 15 ( 1hCi. 988 .iOnl t mos bltnt e r , e pi anstAuh. 41 2d 533, 39 1 t r 1 ) ' y he t aa r maks whos i e c d mea not ng o he t t dic i i t on t ba i ofs e i nnisbl f cor ntnt oul n hi t r han o s rm na e he ss om mpe s i e a t c tt edie evi nc ofdic i i ton. Wis v #/ Ae os e I ,376 F. 1 onsiut r ct de e s rm na i ' lon . f r pac , nc. ' 3d 079,1 086 ( 1hCi. 1 t r2004) I t e de merl s ssbutdoesnot ove, dicrmi tr motve,he . f he vi nce ey ugge t, pr a s i nao y i t n i i i r t c r um sa ta e de .1 t s ndiec , ic t n i l vi nce d. Pl ntf ha f ie t s tf t a die te de ofdi c i i ton i s ai if s al d o e orh ny r c vi nce s rm na i n uppor ofhe c am s t r li . Thesaeme m a by oneoft PBA ' a t e ,Si oneLopez, ha s woul notfg t ge t t nt de he S tom ys m t t he d i ht o t Plitf p o tdkus b c u e' h wa t ed ih s r n igblc fmae'd e n t iet te an if r moe j t e a s 's e s h ç g e t a kn a k e l, o s o rs o h h ' lv l ft ltn r ma k )wh s itn c udme nn t igo h rt nt ds rmiae .'Wi o , e e o i aa t e r l o e n e t o l a o hn t e ha o ici n tl ' l n b l s ?7 F.d a 1 6 3 t 086.Nordo t o he sa e t pr f r d by Pli tf i s he t r t t men s ofe e a n if n uppor ofherr e, nde t ac ge r ornatonal i i dic i na i cai s The e or t Cour wil l t ec am sont bass i org n s rmi ton l m . r f e,he t lanayze hos l i he i ofi r c ,cr um sa ile denc ndie t ic t nta vi e. W he et pl ntf s e t pr dicrmi tont oughi r c ,cr r he ai if e ks o ove s i nai hr ndie t icumsa i evi nce tntal de , s m us dos t r ht fa e kpr dedbyt Supr m eCour i M cDonnelDougl sCor he t o h oug he r m wor ovi he e tn l a p. v Gr n,411U. 792,79 ( 973) l Mc . ee S. 4 1 . n DonnelDou as t SuprmeCour hel t tt pla l gl ,he e t d ha o e d a prm af ci c s ofr c ge rorna i na di c i i ton, he pl ntf m us s ts y t f l w i i a e a e a e, nde to l s rm na i t ai if t a i f he olo ng ee ns ( ) h i ame e of p oe tdca s ( )s ewa s b e tdt a a v ree o me t lme t; 1 s e s mb r a r tce ls ;2 h s u j ce o n d es mply n a ton; 3 here oye teaedsmia l st tde o swhoaenotme r oft pli ifs ci ( ) mpl rr t i lry iuae mplyee r mbes he antf casmo efv rbl;a d ( )s e wa q aiid f rtej b o j b b n fta is e Mc n el ls r a o a y n 4 h s u l e o h o r o e e i t su . Do n l f Do g a Cop. . e n 41 U. 7 2 7 4( 9 3 ; c -uma v Ci fFo t v ded e z zF.d u ls r v Gr e , 1 S. 9 , 9 1 7 )Riela r . t yo r l r aln ? 3 au 8 842- ( 1h Ci. )2 I t pli ifsts t eelme s t bur nt s fst t 36- 43 1 t r2000 . fhe antf aifes hos e nt,he de hen hit o he pli if opr eal ii ae, antf t oduc egtm t nondic i i t yr s f t dic i i t ya ton. c s rm na or ea on or he s rm na or c i M Donnel l Dougl 411 U . a 802as, S. t 03. Howe r t M c ve , he Donne lDou as fa l gl r mewor i a e de i r sa r no a pla ng k s n vi nta y t nda d, t e di rq ie n .80 t v Pa c Co ny Fl.2 0W L 2 5 2 a * ( . Fl. uy3 , 01 ) ctn e ur me t 0h . s o u t a, 01 7 7 , t 7 M D. a J l 0 2 0 , iig Swir e c v Sor ma N A. 53 U. 506,51 ( 02) Thus ûaTil Vl c ai ne d not ekiwiz . e , , 4 S. 4 20 . ,i te 1 ompl nt e al gef c ss fc e t m a outac a scM c le a t ufii nt o ke l s i Donne l gl prm af ci c e, but us S ovi l Dou as i a e as ' m tt ' pr de tnoughfcua matr(a a t e t su s'i e i lrc dic i nato 'Davsv.Coc e a t l te tken s nz) o gge t ntntona a e s rmi in. ' i a- Coa Botig Co,51 F.d 95 ,9 4 ( 1h Ci.2 0 ) (mp a i a d d (iain o te ) l tl n . 6 3 5 7 1 t r 0 8 e h ss d e ) ctto mitd . The e or e wher apli tf s tss orf l t s tsy t prm af ci t t s mus pr de r f e, ven e a n if a ifes ais o aif he i a e es, he t ovi e nough f cualm a trt s at te o ugges i e i r ce, nde ,orna i orgi dic i nai on t t nt ntonal a ge r tonal i n s rmi ton he pa t t de e nt r of he f nda . i Pl ntf H asFaie t Sufi i l Pl t Cl m s f Dicrm i i Bas on . ai if l d o fcenty ead he ai or s i naton ed Rac ( e Count 1 V,and I Agai tThePBA. s, X) ns Pl i ifi a Afi a Am e i a and t r f e a membe ofa pr e t d cas Pl ntf antf s n rc n- rc n he e or r ot c e l s. ai if alg ss ewa s b e tt a a v ree ly n a to c mmi e b t ePBA wh n o fcas le e h s u j c o n d e s mpo me t cin o t d y h t e fiil de i r t y f l t addr s orr s lbe ael aied o e s e pond t Pli if sc er r a di a lge dicrmi t y o antf onc ns eg r ng le d s i naol te t ntand lt re e e i o a s tlm e wih M i miDa Cou y t t i pa t e e d t r a me a e ntr d nt e te nt t a - de nt ha , n r, xt nde he 2Due t an a o bundanceofc e Iw f om t Supr Cour,t El as a r he eme t he event Cicui and t Fl i h r t he orda dit i coursdicussng t prma f e el srct t s i he i aci ement ofa dicrm i i cl m ,t Cour need notaddr s s s i naton ai he t es Pl ntf scia i t a Sout n Diti ofCalf a cas H il v.Servi EmplyeesI e Uni ai if' t ton o her srct iorni e, ls ce o nt rn. on, 2011W L 3 76 , t* ( D. lAug.1 2011 . 66 43 a 9 S. Ca. 9, ) 2011Lita a tonalye r t r byens i Pli ifwoul notbe pr s n ddii a ,he e urng antf d omot d a t ts wo d e nd ha he ul ha t wai a addii l rbef r ha nga opporuniyt qua iyf pr oton.Ta ngt s ve o t n tona yea o e vi n t t o lf or om i ki he e al ga insastue, ai ifhass fcintya lge a ad r eaci byt PBA.Pl ntf ha alo le to r Pl ntf ufi e l le d n ve s ton he ai if s s s fce l al ge t ts wa qualfe f hepr otonme el d t he a ment he2009 ufi inty le d ha he s ii d ort om i r y ue o rplce ont Pr omoto Lit in s. Pli tf ha not xplcil a es e t t r e e a n if s e i ty ddr s d he hid l ment e r ngwhe he hePBA ha te t d r ga di t rt s rae sm ia l st t e oye swhoa enotme be soft pl ntf scls mor f vor bl ç'os i l ry iuaed mpl e r m r he ai if a s e a a y. k- how l t te oye a e smia l st t t pl ntf mus esa ih t tt empl ee a e ûi ia l ha mpl es r i lry iuaed, he ai if t t bls ha he oy s r sm l ry st tdi alr e nta pe t.'Danil v. e, Fe Appx. 385( 1hCi. iuae n lelva s cs'' es Hal 350 d. 380, 1 t r2004)( i quotng a or t l de i o he a ntf o e Wis 376F. a 1 ) ' he com par t m us be neary i ntcalt t pli ift pr vent lon, 3d t 091. T c t fom s c gues i ar a ona ede ii by t e pl r' Wis 376 F. a 1 ours r e ond- sng e s bl c son he m oye . lon, ' 3d t 091; Siveav.Or geColn/ Sc Bd.244 F. 1 1 ( 1hCi. ) lr an f y h. , 3d 253, 259 1 t r 2001. Pl i ifale t tt PBA a e t pr antf lges ha he gr ed o omot t e pe s ont 2009Lit a 1 whom e hr e r ons he s, l of wer Hipa cmal .Pl nifas al est ta he Hipa cmal Ama Ojdo,t pr td e s ni es aitf lo leg ha not r s ni e, do e iwas omoe t l u e a t n De e e 1 , 0 9 d s i tefc t a Oj d d dn t u lf o te2 0 Lit' o i tn n o c mb r 3 2 0 , e pt h a t h t e a i o q aiy n h 0 9 s. e e ' W ihr pe t t t eeHipa cm aespr ot unde t PBA ' s tl ntwihM im i t es ct o he hr s ni l om ed r he S eteme t a Da Count Pl ntf ha nota lge how ea h i S a l i ntc 't t pl ntf,orhow t y de y, ai if s le d c s ç ry de ial' o he ai if ne he a esm ia l st e di a 1r l ntas ct,' he t n t me ef c t tt et e i vi s r i lry- iuatd sn 1 eeva pe s'ot r ha he r a t ha hes hr e ndi dual wer s r a splc dont 2009LitSe Dtvf'51 F. a 974( s si cai asc l or e ege nt a e he s. e z s 6 3d t dimisng l ms oncus y , a uns ppo t d w he epl ntf f l t a l gef c ua s nd u r e r ai i f aied o le a t l uppor f t a l a i t t l a ntf sw e e t or he leg ton ha i i if r pl ... de e a te t difr tyt smial st t whiee oye ss el be a eof( rc ') nid nd r aed feenl han i lry iuaed t mpl e ol y c us 1 a e'; s aloSc i rv ColirCount 2011W L 27 3, t* 5( . Fl J y1 2011 ( a i ee s rbne . le y, 4681 a 4- M D. a.ul 4, ) grntng - 12- m o i t dimi swhe epli tf sa lga i wer c us yi naur a i noti udef c ual ton o s s r a n if le tons e oncl or n t e nd l do ncl a t alg to t a s o t a t e(o aao !sçi lryst td.) V al v Flrd De .fHe t l ainsh t h w h th c mp rtr il mial i e '; e e . o ia pto al e s ua ' h, 2 3W L 5 0 5 7, t* 5( . Fl. ul 2 , 01 )( rn igmoi nt ds s wh r panif 01 7 3 7 a 4- M D. a J y 9 2 3 g a tn to o imis ee litf ç smpl sa e t t he ewe eot re pl est twer smia l st t d, sdehe ot c e i i y t t d ha t r r he m oye ha has e i lry iua e out i rpr e t d ca s wh r c ie mo efvoa ete t n l wi o t n alg to sofs e i fcst e pan ls , o e ev d r a rbl rame t) t u a y l ain p cfc a t o x li h e e, antf l ha he hr ho t dipart te t toc rdgl'. Forexampl Pl i ifhasnotaleged t tt t ee w he s ae ramen cure .' ) Hipa cmalswe ee l orl s qualte t n he .See Wech v M e c Unie st 304 Fed. s ni e r qualy e s ii d ha r l . r er v r i y Ap x. 3 8 7( 1hCi. 0 8 (rn igs mmayj d me twh r plitf ç aldt s o ta p 8 4, 3 1 t r 2 0 ) ga tn u r u g n ee an ifi ie o h w h t f a yls o e u l q aiididv d l weep o tda a o he ( ' .W ihr s e tohe cams n e s r q al u lfe n iiuas r r moe he d f r.' t e p c t r li y )) a i tt PBA se i fom is al ge f iur t a uael gre a ss orr e e t gans he t mm ng r t le d al e o deq t y i ve, s it epr s nt he Pli tf,Pli ifha smia l f ie t des rbePBA membe sou sdeofherpr e t d cas t t a n if antf s i l ry al d o c i r ti ot c e l s ha pr s ntd evi nce ofr ce dic i nai n a i tM im iDade Count butf who t PBA ee e de a s rmi to gans a y, or m he a qua el g i ve as i t d orr pr e ed. de t y r e d, s se e es nt Ra he ,Pl i ifsmpl a lge i ea h c t r antf i y le s n c ountf r c dicrm i ton t tt l oft ne or a e s i na i ha i l he w a leu e nt we eHipani mal ', nd t PBA ça e d t Pr i t na s r s c es'a he sgr e o omot onl t e pe s ont 2009 e y hr e r ons he Litandt e end t 2011Litt be ûtHipa cm a e t t e uson and derme ofbl k s o xt he s o ne s ni l s o he xcl i ti nt ac f m aes i udi t eofHata des ent' Suc c us ya s tonst tHipani m aesont e l ,ncl ng hos iin c . ' h oncl or s eri ha s c l he 2009Lit r uli el om otdt t xcl i ofAfi a Ame ia wome Haii de ce , s we e tmat ypr e o hee uson rc n- rc n nof tan s nt wihoutf t s t acual uppor ast how e c wa sm iary- iuatd i a1r e nta pe t t t Pl ntf, t o a h s i l l st e n 1 elva s c s o he ai if a e i uf i e . r ns fci nt W i rs e toAma oOjd , an if a smi r f i dt alg h w MrOj d i smi ry t ep ct h d e a Plitfh s i l l al o l e o ay e e . e as i l l a st td.lde Pli ifsae Mr Oj é d no qualf ont 2009 Lit' W ihou a tona iuae n ed, antf tts . eda s di t iy he s. t t ddii l ' f cu lalg to st d mo srt h w M r Oj d i smi rystae t Plitf ûn alr lv n a t a l ain o e n tae o e . e a s i l l-i td o anif i l ee a t a u i apecs'MrOj daia i ope ompaaor Forheer s , antf camsf s i nain s t,' . e s n mpr rc rt . t s eaons Pli ifs li ordicrmi to ba edon r c a edim is d,a Pl ntf i g a t d I vet a nd. s a e r s s e nd ai if s r n e ea o me As umi a gue t tPl ntf s tsi d t prm a f ci e e s ng r ndo ha ai if aife he i a e l ment of a cai f r ce s l m or a dic i nai n,he ecli ssil ont i af t l e t Pl ntf ha f ie t m a s fcintf cua s rmi to t s am tl c an a a def c . ai if s a ld o ke ufi e a t l al gai ,a astu t is le tons t ken r e, o kugges i e i lr cedic i i ton. Davi 51 F.d a 97 3 As t nt ntona a s rm na i ' ' s, 6 3 t 4. sa e a tt d bove, ai ifsAmen d Compl i ma st f l ng a lgatons Pl ntf de ant ke he olowi le i : @ s o e he t e( ' PBAIa re t Pr moeo l t rep ro on t 2009 Litand t extnd t 2011 Th ge d o o t ny h e e s ns he Litt be ftHipa c malst t excuson a de rm e ofblck f l s i l ng s o ne i s ni e o he l i nd ti nt a ema e , ncudi @ @ * tos o Hata d s e t'( E. 3a ! 3 8 ,1 4 ; h e f iin e c n . D. 2 t ! 4, 9 4 1 ' i enda ' teame ofpli ifwasmotvatd b pli ifsrce( a k)pl t fcs l Def nts r t nt antf i e y antf a blc us he a t t a s ewa fmaea do o Hata d s e t.'( E. 3a !3 , 0 1 5 4 ) h t h s e l n /r f iin e c n gl D. 2 t 5 9 , 4 - 6 ; ' df e( t' PBAId ly disa to sa drf s dt g iv teCo n y sfiu et p o t . .o -h ea e t cin n eu e o re e h u t ' al r o r moe f r tep mo ea dwiht eefc ofp o tn Hipa i mae ( t t ee cu in o b a k h u s n t h fe t r mo ig s nc ls 1 o h x lso f lc fmae ,n ldn t s o Hata d s e t'( E. a !2 , ,1 6 ; n e ls icu ig ho e f iin e c n . D. 23 t 6 81 3 1 a d ' çf ( she PBAJrf e t c i antf e de rga di pr tonal a isf t e usd o onsderpli ifs vi nce e r ng omoi vac nce orhe pur e a wih t e f tofpr o i Hipa c m a e ,i l ng Ra a Rodrg z, pos nd t he fec om tng s ni l s ncudi f el i ue Ge ge Ar ngo,a A l r Ori t t e l i ofblck f m aes i udi t e of or a nd va o tz, o he xcuson a e l , ncl ng hos Hata d s e t i volto o Til VI. ( E. 3a ! 3 , 5 1 0 iin e c n ,n i ain f te l' D. 2 t ! 0 8 , 4 1 ' The e ale tons r cied ve ba i i ea h c s lga i , e t r tm n c ountf dic i nai - i l ng t c s f or s rmi ton nc udi he ount or dic i i tonbas d onge ra na i orgi -a ee iey c l o y.Tos vi t moton s rm na i e nde nd tonal i n r ntr l onc us r ur ve he i 3Plitf ctst Goo n v fuk nsSte Co.48 U. 6 66 69( 987 t a g t a a an if ie o dma . e e l , 2 S. 56, 8- 1 ) o r ue h t uni c nsilb h d la ef dic i nai e e t ou Sheewa nos ge ton ( t a te on a tl e el ibl or s rmi ton v n h gh l r s ug si ) h t h t f ee a t heda y rci a musa ans orde g ae blc ge r l ' W hiet eCou ta r e t ta d fnd n ) l n a al ni g i t nir td a ks neal ' l h y. r g e s ha s howi ofr ala m usspecii t t def ng aci ni fc o he endanti notneces ar t s ceed i a dicrm i i cl m s s y o uc n s i naton ai bas d on a f l e t greve,t f s i Goodman m ake i cl rt tt def e aiur o i he act n t ea ha he endant pur s posef l and uly delber el tcat i r algrevancesasunworhy ofpur ui and,whie pur ui t i at y s egorzed aci i t st l s ng housa ofot nds her I tmat grevanc ,i e r ci dicrm i i cl m son behal ofbl ,knowi t tt egii e i es gnor d a al s i naton ai f acks ng ha he empl rwasdicrmi tng i vi aton oft contact' Ther or i Goodman,Pl ntf had oye s i na i n ol i he r .' ef e, n ai if pr oduced s fci e dence t s ufi ent vi o how a s t i tpolc ofr f i t fiegre er al ysematc d iy e usng o l ivabl aci dic i naincli ho v rsr ngt e mih bea dhowe rs r ( f n n s a nlwa ta t s rmi to ams we e to h y g t n ve u e de e da t' ge t s h t he e pl w asdicrm i i agai tbl ks. 1 a 669.Pl ntf Hender on hasnotaleged a know i m oyer s i natng ns ac ' d. t ' ai if s l np s t a i polcy ofr usng t greve f ef e i y aI r bas cl m s. Furher e,Pl ntf ysem tc i ef i o i or f ctvel l ace- ed ai t mor ai if conce t t PBA di i f tt e a grevance,bas on t Count saleged f l e t pr des hat he d n ac 5l i ed he y' l aiur o omot pror e, i t t expiatonoft 2009 Lit o he r i he s. - 14- t dimis Pl ntf m us pr def cua s o s s , ai if t ovi a t l uppor t tnotonl s t ha y uggessdic i nai byt PBA t s rmi ton he ont ba i ofr c buti e i dic i i tonbyt PBA ba e onr e. he ss a e, ntntonal s rm na i he s d ac Davi, 6F. a 974 s 51 3d t (mpha i a d) e ss dde . Theonl f c ualal gai s tf rhby Pl ntf i he Ame d Com pli t ta a st y a t le ton e o t ai if n r nde a nt ha ppe r o ha a s t diec , a i lne i t commen ma byPBA a t r ySi oneLope t tts ve ny or of r t r c a xus s he t de to ne m z ha khe wo l n tfg tt g tp an ifp o td j tb c us 'plitf wa t t ih s r n ig b a k ud o ih o e litf r mo e us e a e anif s he hg e t a kn lc fmae' ( E.2 a ! 29 8 ,1 9 . Asa tr s o d matr t Co r i d bo t a ti e l.' D. 3 t ! , 4 3 1 ' h e h l te , he u t s u ius h t h s sae e e de esa s tofi entonaldic i na i ont pa t t PBA agans Pl ntf, t tm nt vi nc ny or nt i s rmi ton he r of he i t ai if asapl i r di oft satm e s esst tM s Lo zwa i or ngPl ntf t tt f c s an ea ng he t e nt ugg t ha . pe s nf mi ai if ha he a t he wa t hi t r nki bl c f m a e woul no , by is l, wara s ci c i r ton. s he ghes a ng a k e l d t t ef r nt pe al onsde a i Furher e, ve viwi t sa e e andt s r t mor e n e ng he tt m nt he uroundi a l a i i t lg mos f a e ng leg tons n he i ht t avor bl t Pli if t Am e d Compli c o antf , he nde ant ombi s t sa be ta guous c ne hi t s mbi omm e wih t a nt t he bove co us r ale tonst sa et tt PBA i e i ly dicrm i t d a ns Pl ntf. W ihou ncl o y lga i o tt ha he nt ntona l s i na e gai t ai if t t s uppori f c ua alegai t s tng a t l l tons o ugge ti en i ldic i naor a t bas on r ebyt PBA, s nt tona s rmi t y c s ed ac he Pl i ipsca m sf r c dic i i ton mus bedimi s d. e Walacev Teld Contne al antf li or a e s rm na i t s s e Se l . e yne i nt Moo s 1 F d. p 1 9,1 5 ( 1h Ci. 0 )( dn pan ifscamsf rdici n to tr , 38 e Ap x. 3 4 1 t r 20 5 fn ig litf li o s rmiain bas donf iur t grevei ufi e whe et ai if a e a l e o i ns fcint r s ntf has dduce nof c ss pl d a t howi t tt Uni s ng ha he on' r f s lop ru h rg iv n e ( wa b s do rc o g n e '; n e s nv J M o g nCh s e u a t u s e e re a c s ) s a e n a e r e d r' He d ro . P r a a e l Bank N. ,436 Fed.Appx.935,938 ( 1h Ci.2011 ( fimi dimis ofcai due t , A. 1t r ) afr ng s sal l ms o Sns fc e ' a t t ufii nt' nd û l or ' l a i , i ng not ng i c pl nts i concus y'aleg tons fndi hi n om ai uggesed t de e nt t he f nda - 15- ç ici n td a ans ( anit b s do h rrc ' . Be a s P an ifh sfie t saeacam s srmi ae g i t Plitf a e n e a e' 4 c u e litf a ald o tt li d l ) f di ci nai bas d o r c a i tt PBA ,he Cour wilnota r s whe he t PBA ha or s rmi ton e n a e gans he t t l dd e s t r he s pr e a lgii t nondicrm i t r r as f t a l ed dic i i t y a tons oduc d e tma e, s i na o y e on or he leg s rm na or c i . Ac r ngl Def nda ' M oton t Dim isi gr nt d ast Count 1 V a I f r e co di y, e nts i o s s s a e o s , nd X or ac dic i nai and Pli ifi gr nt d l vet a s rmi ton, antf s a e ea o mend by J y 23,201 ul 4. i. Pl i i fH as Faie t Suf i e l Pl d t Cl m s f Di c i i t on Bas d on i a ntf ld o fci nty ea he ai or s r m na i e Gk rl nde count 1 andV1 andNa i Orgi ( s1 ) tonal i n Count IIandVI)Agai tThePBA. sI I ns Consse wiht a yssa it nt t he nal i bove, antf hasf ie t aleg aprm af ci dic i i ton Pli if a ld o l e i a e s rm na i cam on t ba i ofg li he ss ende orna i lorgi Pl i ifi a f m ae a ofHata de c nt a r tona i n. antf s e l nd iin s e , nd t e pe t o he ec nd ourh t r f e a me rofa pr t c e cls f r e h cl m . W ih r s c t t s ond a f t he e or mbe o e t d a s o ac ai ee n so ap i fced srmiain cam, an ifs fi in l alg ss wa s b e tt a lme t f rma a i ici n t li Plitf u fce ty le e he s u j c o n o a r ee pl dve s m oyme a tonco m it b t PBA, t ts wa qua ii f hepr otond nt c i m ted y he and ha he s lfed ort om i ue t he pl c e on t 2009 Pr o i Lit o r a em nt he om ton s . Howe r Pli ifhassmia l f ie t s tsyt t r eeme r ga di whe he t PBA ve , antf i lry a ld o a if he hid l nt e r ng t r he ha te t dsmia l st tde pl eswhoa enot e be sof hepl ntf scl smor f vo a y. s r a e i lry iuae m oye r m m r t ai if as e a r bl W ih r s c t t t eeHipa c mal pr t e pe t o he hr s ni es omot d unde t PBA' s tl mentwih M im iDade e r he S e te t a Count Pl ntf hasnota lge how ea h i t ry i ntc ' t t pli tf ,orhow t y a e y, ai if le d c s s l de ial' o he a n if nea he r 4Se Jl 800t v Pas Cou y Fl. 2 0W L 27 2y t* ( . Fl J y 30 2 0) h e so co nt a , 01 57 a 8 M D. a. ul , 01 ( imisn camsf dic i n ton,i di ça lho ht eAme d Complits t f rh fcst a ds s ig li or s rmiai tn ng t lt ug h l nde an es o t a t h t . t Uni di notasss 800t wih hi gri he on d it h t s evance,t e ar no alega i t esabls t t sf l e her e l tons o t ih hat hi aiur wa b s do Booh' rc o naina o i n.)( mph ssi orgi l; l e v M i s a e n t s a e r to l rgi ' e a i n i na) Duan y . amiDadeCt. y, ' pf p n/ 78 F. pp. 1 43,1 6( D, a 2011 ( a i s 5 Su 2d 3 35 S. Fl. ) grntng ummayj dg n du t i u fce te d nc r u me t e o ns fiin vie e t a th Uni pu p e ul o d ie aey a q e c d i a y dic i nao yc du f';Met v h tû e on r os f l r elb rt l c uis e n n s rmi t r on c ) lon . t y Na i al zr ffC, 5 F. p. 1 03,1 2829( . Al 201 )( a i s mmayj g n , ton Dtïy 70 Sup 2d 3 3 - M D. a. 0 grntng u r ud me t n tn ûr an if f c e ont eUnin' f l et tk c rana tons-ie pu s ec rang iva c s o ig lplitfl o us s h o s ai o a e e ti c i ur .. r u e ti re n e , rf s dt a btae di n tc tc ( ai ifs wine s sa hi a birto -b n ve e t bih sa e u e o r ir ts d o on a t Pl ntf'q t se nd s r ta in ut e r sa ls e r cal xusi isa ton ' . a i ne n t c i s' ) sm ia l st td ûn a l e e nta pe t , ot rt t me ef c t t hes tu'ei vi l we e i lry-iuae i l r l va s c s' he han he r a t ha t e l e ndi duas r i ' s r e t plce ont 2009Lit Se Davs 51 F. a 974; rine , 1W L 274681 a * 5; e g an s a d he s. e i, 6 3d t Sc b r 201 3 t 4Ve e, 3 W L 5703577 a *4- Wech,304 Fe Appx.a 837. al 201 t 5; l d. t Pl i tf c l or a s r i t t ipa c mal son t 2009Lit euli a e ypr o e a n ips onc us y s e tons ha H s ni e he s wer tm t l om t d t hee uson o A fi n- m e i nw om e ofHa ta de c t w ihout a t l uppor a o ho e c ot xcl i f rca A rca n ii n s en , t f c ua s t st w a h wa sm iary- iua e i al r l va as c st t Pl i if a e i ufi i nt The s m e r as ng s i l l s t t d n I e e nt pe t o he a ntf , r ns fc e . a e oni a i t Plitf srfrnc t Mr Ama Ojda.( E.23 a ! 251 Fort s ras aone pples o anif eee e o . do e D. t . he e e ons l , Pl i ifs cl m s f di c i i ton ba e on r ce a e dim i s d,and Pl ntf i gr nt d l a t a ntf ai or s rm na i sd a r s se ai if s a e e ve o amend. M or ove ,f p e s y t s e r or r ciel he ame r s Is e a ea ons i t d bove, a ntf ha f l d t m a s fc e Pl i if s aie o ke ufi i nt f c ua ale tons t ke a t u t s ge ti e tona ge rorna i al i n di c i i ton. i , a t l l ga i , a n s r e,o ug s nt n i l nde ton orgi s rm na i Dav s 51 F.d a 974.Th Ame d Compl nti rddld wih c us y al a i ofdic i i ton, 6 3 t e nde ai s i e t oncl or leg tons s rm na i al wih a sngl sae tma b PBA c ong t i e t tmen de y ouns lSi e mone Lope t t%s woul notfg t ge z ha khe d i ht o t pl nifpr tdjus b a e'pl nifwa t C g s r ki blc fmal ''( E. a ! 29, aitf omoe t ec us aitf s he hihe tan ng a k e e.' D. 23 t ! 8 1 1 W he viwi t ambiuoussae ta t c us yalgai i t lghtmos 4, 39 . n e ng he g ttmen nd he oncl or le tons n he i t f vo a e t Pl n if t e A m e d Com pl n doe n ale a c ai f dic i i ton on t bass a r bl o ai t f , h nde ai t s ot l ge l m or s r m na i he i ofg nde orna i orgi Thi i pari ul ry tue w ih r pe tt t e cl i sf na i lorgi a e r tonal i n. s s tc a l r t es c o h a m or tona i n, s Si on Lope s s a e e d notev i plc t Pl i ifs pr t c ed s a us a a i vi lof m e z' t t m nt oes en m i a e a ntf o e t t t s n ndi dua Ha ta de c nt As wih t cl i s f di c i i ton b e on r c t Cour ne n add e s ii n s e . t he a m or s rm na i as d a e, he t ed ot r s whehe t PBA h pr uc aIgii t ,non s i naor r s f t ale d dicrmi t y t r he as od ed e tma e dicrmi t y ea on or he lge s i naor actons. i Fort s r a ons Def da ' M o i t D im isi g an e a t Coun sl , 1 , l a Vl f he e e s , en nt s ton o s s s r t d s o t l 1 1 V , nd l or ge ra na i nal i nal s r m i ton, nd Pl ntf i g an e l a t a e nde nd to or gi dic i na i a ai if s r t d e ve o m nd. C.TheM oton t DimisPl ntf Realaton Cl ms( i o s s ai irs t i i ai Count I VII andX)i De ed. s V, I , s ni De e ntar ue t tPli ifha f ie t saeacli f r a iton i vi a i ofTil f nda g s ha antf s al d o t t a m or etla i n olton te Vl, U. C.j2000,heFl i Ci lRi sAc,Fl Stt j760. (1, 42U. C.j 1 . I42 S. t orda vi ght t a. a. 01 ) and S. 981 J s a alb r no ma b s be tol blt f r ic i nai no teb ss f a e g n e u t s a o u in y e u jc t i ii o d srmi to n h a i o rc , e d r a y o natonal i n, lboru onm a bela ef r t la i unde Til V1,heFl i aCi l ght r i orgi a a ni y ibl or e a iton r te 1 t ord viRi s Ac o j 1 81 F. , 0h v Pa c Co nt,Fl . 2 4 W L 30 1 7 ( 1h Ci. uy 3 2 4 ; t r 9 . g.80 t . s o u y a, 01 3 1 7 1 t r J l , 01 ) Ch re v AFSCMELo a 1 , 01 W L 2 2 6 6( D. a M a 21 2 0 ; 0h 8 9F. p a ls . c l 21 2 0 0 6 8 S. Fl. y , 01 ) 80 t, 2 Su p. 2d a 1 - M o eove ,t elm e sof a prm a f c e ca e a t a ytc lfa e k f t 201 02. r r he e nt i a i s nd he nal i a r m wor or rt itoncli madeunde Til Vl,heFl i Ci l ght Ac, ndj1 1, r t sme. g. ealai ams r te 1t orda viRi s ta 98 ae he a E. , Gr y v Civo a k o vle Fl , 2Fe Ap x. , ( 1hCi. 01 )( tngpan ifscamso a . t fl c s n i , a.49 d. p 1 3 1 t r 2 2 noi litf' li f l . rt itoni ralt eesaut yfa ealai ' unde l hr tt or rmewor ( teVl,j1 1, ndt FCRA)mus sa -or ks Til I 98 a he t tnd fl -t t ' TheCour t r or wila l t cai t t r al ogeher). theef e l nayze he l ms ogehe . Si ia t Pl i ifsr c ge ra na i lorgi di c i i toncl ms Pl n ifhasnot m l r o antf ' a e, nde nd tona i n s rm na i ai , aitf a l ge die te de e ofr t la i The ef e t Cour w ila l t ecl i son t ba i of le d r c vi nc e a i ton. r or , he t l na yze hos a m he s s i r t c r um s a i le de e. W he e t pl i if s ks t pr r t la i t ough i r c , ndiec , ic t nta vi nc r he a ntf ee o ove e a i ton hr ndie t cr tnta e de e s mus pla t f l ngprmafci elme s:( )s e edi a icumsa il vi nc , he t e d he olowi i a e e nt 1 he ngag n prtce a tviy;( s s fr a adves e oy ntaci a ( t r wasa c usl oe td ci t 2) he ufeed n re mpl me ton; nd 3) he e a a c n e to b t e tep oe tda tvt a dtea v ree o me t cin. a f r . rol o n cin ewe n h r tce cii n h d e s mply n a to Cr w o dv Ca r l, y 529F. 961 980( 1hCi.2008) l t pli ifstsi t eelme s t bur nt ns hs 3d , 1t r . f he antf aifes hos e nt,he de he hi t t e o rt p oduc algii ae, o he mpl ye o r e e tm t nondicrmi t yr as f t a s aci Br v. s i naor e on or he dver e ton. own Al a De . fT a s ,5 7F.d 1 6 ,1 81( 1h Ci. 01 ) ab ma ptO r n p. 9 3 1 0 1 1 t r 2 0 . Fis,Pl i ifs flng ofhe orgi la a e r t antf ii r i na nd m nded c r s wih t EqualEmpl ha ge t he oyme nt Opporuniy Com m i s on i plc t spr e t t tci ton c aus ' c i t underTil V I . g. t t s i m i a e ot c ed i i pa i l e' a tviy par te I E. , F. O. v T tl y tm Sevc s l c, 21F.d 1 71 1 7 ( 1hCi. 0 0 .Se o d t me th F. C. . oa S se r ie, n .2 3 1 , 1 4 1 t r 2 0 ) c n ,o e te k dve s e pl t r e m oymen a ton' eeme ,Pli if m us s w t t s ha S ufe ed a a s a t c i ' l nt antf t ho ha he s t f r n dver e s empl ymen a ton s h t t a r as bl e pl e woul ha f o t c i uc ha e ona e m oye d ve ound t c l d aci he halenge ton m ae i ly ad s 'whih twel m i ha t s uaded a r s bl wo ke fom m a ng or tral vere' c l l ght ve di s ea ona e r r r ki s uppori ac r ofdic i i ton.'Buri onNorhe n( Sant FeRaiwa Co.548U . 53, tng ha ge s rm na i '' lngt t r f a l y , S. 68( 2006) 800t 8 F. ; h, 29 Supp.2da 11 . t 91 The Elve h Cic t r ce l not d t tt Buri on % e nt r ui e nty e ha he lngt f r e e pl e aci ' adve s m oym nt ton' sa r f r t la i c e wa sg fca l mor lbe alt n t sa dpr vi l a id i tnda d or e aiton as s s i nii nty e i r ha he t ndar e ousy pple n t i Cic tsai t a Bu l t nt to gys g e t t a ii f ra u yt d cd wheh r n ti hs rui,ttng h t ri o s r n l u g ss h tt s o j r o e ie te a yhng ng s mor t n t m os pet and ti ala tonsa i ta e pl e s d beconsde e û ae ily e ha he t ty rvi c i gans n m oye houl i r d m tra l a v re t hm a dtu c nsi t a v ree ly n a to s'Cr f r , 29F.da 9 4 n.3 d es 'o i n h s o tt e d es mpo me t cin . aw o d 5 3 t 7 , 1 ; u ' 800t 829 F. h, Supp. a 11 . M or ove ,d l s ea r eaci m a noti vi l rs 2d t 91 e r t e om dve s tons y whi ndi dualy ie t t l l a a ree oyme a tonunde Til VI,heCour m a c i a r ea i o he eve of n dve s mpl nt c i r te 1 t t y onsder dve s ctons c l tvel odeenni whet rt t alt of healeg a tonsrs t t al ve ofs t i iy oleci yt t ne he he ot iy t l ed c i ie o he e l ubsantalt t c tt eunlwf rtlai '800t 829F. o onsiut a ul eaiton.' h, Supp.2da 11 ( otngCot v Shi e ,2009 t 91 qu i e . ns ki W L 1 37 01 a * ( . Fl. u e2 2 0 )S a n nv Belo t T lc mms, n .29 F.d71 , 5 9 , t 5 M D. a J n , 0 9 ; h n o . l uh ee o .I c, 2 3 2 s 71 ( 1hCi. 6 1 t r 2002) . The Cour fn t atPl n ipsaleg tons t ke a t u ,de ons r t t ts hass f r d a t i ds h ai tf l a i , a n s r e m t a e ha he uf e e n ad r eemplymen aci Pl n ifaleg t tone mon h a trs fld he orgi lc r of ve s o t ton. aitf l es ha t fe he ie r i na ha ge dic i i ton a i t h PBA i Oc ob r201 s e a l d PBA Pr s de J Ri r t c pl n s rm na i ga ns t e n t e 2, he m ie e i nt ohn ve a o om ai k ha t e ha i of he2009 Litpr otonal o s ha be n di c i i t y t a d bl ckf m al s k t h ndlng t t s om i pr ce s d e s rm na or ow r a e e a t tPBA at n ysha inordhe c ensa gre nc s'a t tçhe( nd ha tore d g e r onc r nd iva e ,'nd ha it PBAJha s re d uppo td - 19- dic i naor pr c ie byM DPD,'owhihç r Ri r ne rr ponde ' Shef rhe ale st t s rmi t y a tc s 't c i . ve a ve es M d.' s u t r lge ha f da l t r t PBA e e e i o as tl m e a e m en w ih t Cou y w h eby t e Hi pa c our ys a e , he nt r d nt e te nt gr e t t he nt er hr e s ni m a e w e e pr m o e t Ie e nta t 2011 Lite e d one ye r s h t tPl ntf i on y l s r o t d o i ut na nd he s xt nde a , uc ha ai if t not l woul no be pr d t omotd,'bu t e ' t s d h e t watan a ton ye r b or s wilha an woul av o i ddii al a ef e he l ve op t t t a n qua iy f pr m oton. Fi ly,Pl i if a l ge t a on M a 1 201 a t poruniy o gai lf or o i ' na l a ntf le s h t ' y 4, 3, fer e a lng PBA Pr i ntJ Ri r a e cutve b r m e be st as f S s it nce a l al m ii esde ohn ve a nd xe i oa d m r o k or ç s sa a nd eg r pr e a i ' r n n upc i m e tng wih t D ie t of he M i m iDa Polc De r men e es nt ton'du i ga om ng e i t he r c or t a - de ie pa t t- a whih tmes woul ç esnte de et t ( t c i he d i e vi nc o he PBA)a Die t Pat s r gadi ho t pr nd rcor teron e r ng w he pr o i lpr es was h dl d durng 201 a 2011 '- PBA a t n y M r Axela t ni d he om tona oc s an e i 0 nd ' tor e . rd ç e r de rquetf hel ' ddi notCr e lPl ntf' e d eors a lwihtePl ntf ' Asars t e s or p'an d çeviwl ai ifs vienc pe kl t h ai if ' e ul oft ale d f iur t a ss Pl ntf orofe r pr e a i Pl i tf a l ess w a i or e t m e t he l ge a l e o s it ai if f r e es nt ton, a n if leg he s k c d o e f w ih D iect Pater on June 19,201 w ih no ass sance orr esent i ' t r or t son 3 t it epr aton.' The ealegai ,vi we u ert lbe alBu lngt sa r demonsr t an û s l tons e d nd he i r r i on tnda d, ta e ' r e adve s e pl m e aci ' A r s bl e oye woul be di s ded fo ma ng ors m oy nt ton. ' ea ona e mpl e d s ua rm ki uppori a tng c geofdic i nai i, sar s tofdoi s t PBA e e edi oas te e r s tngi t har s rmi ton f a e ul ng o,he nt r nt etlm nt e uli n he e pl e' i biiyt bepr o e atha tmeandf a la t he m oye s na lt o om t d t t i or t e s anot ryea .Si iary, e ona e r m l l ar as bl empl ewoul bedi s ded fom ma ng ors oye d s ua r ki uppori ac r ofdicrm i ton i, ar s t tng ha ge s i na i f as e ul ofdoi s t uni pr i nt uni cou elorot runi ofi a sr f edt c i re denc ng o,he on esde , on ns , he on fcil e us o onsde vi e of a lge dic i i ton orr us t as itor r pr en t e pl e i m e tngs r ga di le d s rm na i ef ed o ss e es t he m oye n e i e r ng pr otonalconcer om i ns. Fi ly, tt pl di s a t r a na l a he ea ng t ge he e ppea st be a s fc e c a lnk be w e n Pl i if s r o ufi i nt aus l i t e a ntf 6W het t PBA ' f l et addr sorr s her he S aiur o es e pond t Pl ntf concem s bot i Nove ber20l o ai ifs h n m 2 , a a ot tmesasaleged by Pl ntf,i nd t her i l ai if ndeed t plce,oralem atvel whet t e i s fci ook a t i y her her s ufi ent e de et p ov io c r d i a is ef a ote da a ete t es mmayj g n o tilp s . vi nc o r e t c ure , s n su or n h r y t ih r h u r ud me t r ra ha e pr e t d a tviya t a s empl otc e c i t nd he dvere oymenta i The El nt Cic tbr dl c tu t cton. eve h r ui oa y onsr es he c us llnk s h t $ pl i ifm e el hast pr t tt pr ece aci t a t ne tve a a i uc hat t antf r y a o ove ha he ot td tviy nd he gai e o me t cinaen t o ltl u r ltd. E..Pe nn t nv Ci o ns il, F.d mply n a to r o c mpeey n eae ' g , n ig o . t fHu tvl 261 3 ' y e 1 6 , 2 6( 1hCi. 0 ) A pli tf stsishi ee n it shep o i e s fce t vd n e' 2 2 1 6 1 t r2 01. anif aife t s lme tfs j r v d s ufiin e ie c ' l ofknowl e oft pr e e a i t andt ha t r wa acl et edg he otctd ctviy t t he e s os empor pr m iy be we t s t al oxi t t en hi a rn s a t ea v re ( a to 'Hid n v J c s n 3 3 F.d 1 11 2 0 ( 1h Ci. 0 4 wae e s nd h d e s J cin. g o . a k o , 9 3 2 ,1 2 1 t r 2 0 ) ' (iai omit .TheElve hCic tha hel t tape i a muc asonemo hbewee t cttons ted) e nt rui s d ha rod s h nt t n he pr e t a i t and t a r e a ton i nott pr r c e 1 cii Wi man v WalM ar ot ced ctviy he dve s c i s oo ota t d. d, tng de . - t Str s l . l F. 1 1 ( 1hCi.1 . o e , nc, 4l 3d 453, 457 1 t r 998) The pr e t d ac i t and t a r e empl m e a ton ar ce t nl nott om plt l otc e tviy he dve s oy nt c i e rai y i c e ey unr aed, ase c a tondeats r y wiht is ofpr elt ' a h c i ' l qua el t he sue omotngpolceofi e s Ne , aitf i i tc r . xt Pl n if ha aleg s fcen evi nce a t ssag oft PBA' knowldge ofhe pr e t d a tviy,as s l ed ufi i t de t hi t e he S e r ot c e ci t Pl ntf aleg s na e t PBA a r pond i bot t orgi a a e d c ge of ai if l es he m d he s es ent n h he i nal nd m nde har s dicrmi i aswela die ty c a tng PBA ofi i s i l ng t pr sden ,t dic st s i naton, l s r c l ont c i fcal, nc udi he e i t o s us he co e ns c ane i t c r es Lasl c ra n oft a lge a s empl nc r ont i d n he ha g . ty, e ti he le d dvere oymenta i , ctons i l ng PBA Pr i ntRi a' a o he PBA ofi a s df l r t a es oreve r pond t ncudi esde ver s nd t r fcil ' taiu e o ddr s n es o pli ifsc e s' a we lasen e i i o t s tl ntag ee e wih M im iDadeCount antf onc m ,' s l t rng nt he eteme r m nt t a y r uli i Pli ifs i biiy t r c ve a p omoton,oc ured,r peci l on Nove be 26, es tng n antf na lt o e ei r i c r es tvey, m r 201 andNove be 30,201 r 2 m r 0, oughl one mont a Pl ntf fl he orgi lc r wiht y h her ai if ied r i na ha ge t he Equa Emplym e Opporuniy Com mi son. The Cour fnds t t t s perod s ts i t l o nt t t si t i ha hi i a ifes he Se r pr miy'elme ofaca a lnk.Wi t mpoal oxi t ' e nt t us l i deman,1 F. a 1 (i ngone- h 41 3d t 457 fndi mont perodbewe npr e t a tviya a s aci s fcentodemonsrt c ainlDonnelon i t e otced ci t nd dvere ton ufii t tae aus to ; l v Fr e au r r to , 9 F.d5 , 01( 1hCi. 9 6 (i dngo e mo t p ro s f ce t. . u h fcopo a in 7 4 2 98 6 1 t r 1 8 ) fn i n - nh eid u t in l i 6 Pl n if t e or ,hass tsi d t prm af ci elm e sofar t iton cli unde Til aitf ,her f e a ite he i a e e nt eala i a m r te Vl,heFlrdaCi lRi sAd, ndj1 .W hieDeenda ha m'ua ypr It o i vi ght a 981 l f nt s g bl oduce al ii t, d egtmae no s i naor r as f t a r e ac i ofe e i i o a s tlm e wih M im iDa ndicrmi t y e on or he dve s ton nt rng nt e te nt t a - de Count t lc ofa s h r a onf isa l dr us l oconsde e denc oras itt Pli tf y,he a k ny uc e s or t lege ef a t i r vi e ss he a n if alows Pl i ifs r t lai cli s t pr ed t dic r . For t e r as ,t M oton t l antf ' e ai ton am o oce o s ove y hes e ons he i o D im i sast C o s l , VI a X i DENI s s o unt V I nd s ED. C oncl on usi Acc r ng y, e e an ' M o i o D im i si g a e i pa t nd de e i pa t Pl n ifh o di l D f nd t s tont s s s r nt d n r a ni d n r . ai tf as f ie t s a eacl i f di c i i ton ba e on r c , s x ornai nal i na i thePBA purua al d o tt a m or s rm na i sd ae e to orgi ga ns t s nt t Til VI,t Fl i Ci lRi t Ac,orj 1 1 Pli if' cai f rt itonunde t s o te l he orda vi ghs t 98 . antf s l ms or ealai r he e sa u e ,h t t t s owev , e s fci n l pl d t s vi t M o i t D i m i s Ther or i i er ar uf i e ty e o ur ve he ton o s s . ef e, t s 6The s r asoni applest t perod bet ame e ng i o he i ween Pl ntf ' M ay 14, ai ifs 201 a ton ( o a tng 3 ci s c ntci A Pr dentRi a and PBA executve boar m e ber t as f asssanceand r esent i durng esi ver i d m s o k or it epr aton i an upcom i meetng wih Diect Pateron oft M im iDade Polce Deparmentt dicus her ng i t r or t s he a i t o s s PB c nc r ) a d tePBA' al ge a ve s a to ( c uns lsd nilo t r qu s f a ssa eon o ens, n h S l d d re c ins PBA o e ' e a f he e e t or s itnc e M ay 1 2013,and t PBA ' f l et atend t meetng wih Diect Pater on on June 1 , 201 t 4, he S aiur o t he i t r or t s 9 3, hus c usngPlitf t me twihteM imiDa Co t rpr e ttv wihnoasit c ) See800t 829 a i an if o e t h a - de uny e es na ie t ssan e . h, F.Su p. a 1l (ç eCo t y c nsde a ve s a to c lciel t dee newh t rt p 2d t 91 ih ur ma o i r d re cins ole tv y o tnni t ehe he t iy he l ot i ie o he evel ubsantalt o tt e awf et iton ( alt oft aleged actonsrs t t a I ofs t i iy t cons iut unl ulr ala i .' ' ) quotng Cot v Shi i e . nseki 2009 W L 1 , 537901 a * ( . Fl J ne2, 9). , t 5 M D. a. u 200 ) AD JUD G ED t t ha : Def da ' M oton t Dimisi GRANTED ast Count 1 l,11 V,V1 VI a I The en nts i o s s s o s , I 1, , l nd X. camsae ds se wi o tp eu c ,a d Plitf i ga td la e t a n A Thr li r imisd t u rj die n an if s rn e e v o me d. h i d Ame d Compli mu tb fldno lt rt n Jul 24.2014. nde ant s e ie a e ha y 2. De e ntsM o i t Dim isi DENI ast Cou s I VIIa X. Def nts l f nda ' ton o s s s ED o nt V, l nd enda hal a we t r m ani cli s a t a a e dcl msi aThidAm e d Com pli , ns r he e i ng am , nd o ny m nde ai n r nde a ntby Augus 11.2014. t Ass tf t i t Cour' Sche i Or r is d sm ulane l wih t i t ntOr r e orh n he ts dulng de , s ue i t ousy t he nsa de , t sc s i s tf rtilf t t we pe i comm e i Fe uary23. hi a e s e o ra or he wo- ek rod ncng br 2015. DON E AN D ORD ERED i Ch b sa M i i Fl i t s n am er t am , orda, hi ,M da ofJ y,201 y ul 4. A FED E I C . EN O UN I TED STA TES D I STRI JUD GE CT Copi s pr de t e ovi d o: Couns ofRe or el c d 23- -
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