Cone v. Regalado et al, No. 1:2013cv24674 - Document 16 (S.D. Fla. 2014)
Court Description: ORDER Granting 11 Motion to Dismiss for Failure to State a Claim. Signed by Senior Judge James Lawrence King on 4/7/2014. (jw)
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Cone v. Regalado et al Doc. 16 UN I TED STATES D I STRI T CO U RT C SO UTH ERN DISTRICT O F FLO RI A D M I IDI I O N AM V SI CA SE N O .13- vc 24674JLK Làw x CONE,asPe sonalRe es atv r pr ent i e t /eEsat O ' WEAT n : t e /CI /l XX HERS POON J? o b hafo urN CONE; ?# n e l fll N Wz #r WEA THERSPO ON; 4 f;' WEA THERSPO ON .and . & , LJNFSFII WEATHERSPOON ass vi s F ur vor , , Pl i if a ntf , M AN UEL OROSA ,M AURI SODRE, CE a d THE CI OF M I I n TY AM , Dee f ndant s. / O RD ER G R ANTI M O TI N TO DISM I NG O SS TH I CAU SE com esbef et Coul upon D e e S or he ' t f ndantCiy ofM i isM oton t t am ' i o s uly Dimist Ame d Compl i ( E.11,fld J n r 3 ,201 The Courti f l s s he nde ant D. ) ie a ua y 0 4. bref d on t m ater l i e he t . L BA CK GR O U ND i t ng r fce Thi i a Fl i a 1w a 42 U. C.j 1 3 acton sem m i f om an ofi rs s ord a nd S. 98 i ved s i i t Ove t nvol hootng n he r own a ea ofM i m i Fl i on Ja r 1 2011. Pl i if r a , orda nua y , a ntf i t e ft e o Ly W e t r po n (s e De e nt',who wa a lge l kild b a s h ah r f nn ahe s o çh t c de ' ) s le d y le y n 1 an iffld aRe p s onFe uay 9 201 ( E.1 t whihDe e da tRe le o Fe uay 1 Plitf ie s on e br r , 4 D. 3) o c f n n pid n br r 9, 201 ( E.1 4 D. 4) Dockets.Justia.com ofi r on Ja y 1 2011. Pl ntf brngst s ac i as t pe s fce nuar , ai if i hi ton he r onalr es nt tve f epr e a i or t De he cedent s e t e and on beha fofvarous s vi s D. 6 ! 8. D ef ' s at l i ur vor . E. ( endant a e t s r he Ciy ofM i m i Chi M a t a , ef nuelOr a oft Ciy ofM i iPolc Depa t e , and Of i er os he t am ie r m nt fc M a i Sodr of t Ciy of M i i Polc D e t e . Pl ntf fl t c e on ur ce e he t am i e parm nt ai if ied he as De e r 30, 201 ( E. 1 a fld t o rtve Ame d Co an (t c mbe 3 D. ) nd ie he peai nde mplit she t Compl it' o J nu r 2, 4 ( E. . The i t n M o in fl d b t Ci ofM i mi an ' n a a y 201 D. 6) ) nsa t to ie y he t y a se t di m i st Com pl i .2 The Ciy ofM i m ii s i is ca t ast Ciy of eks o s s he ant t a s ued n t paciy he t M imiPolc De rme t( E.6 a ! 11 nd wilhe e n fe b r f re t a ûhe a i e pa t n D. t )a l r i a tr e e e r d o s t t C 1y.' - ' t l .LEG AL STAND AR D l l de di a m oton t dim is t Cour mus a n ci ng i o s s , he t t cceptacom pl nts alega i a ai ' l tons s tue a consr t m i t lghtm os f vor bl t t Pl i if See M T. 7 v.D ek b r nd tue he n he i t a a e o he a ntf . P al Cny,Sc Dit,44 F.d 11 3 1 6 ( 1h Ci.2 6) d n a l i t s tc e y of . h. s. 6 3 5 ,1 5 1 t r 00 ,û nayzng he ufs inc l te c an , ghe Cou t lmig) gt) c nsd r to t t welpla d f cua h ompli t t r) i ts is o i e ai n o he l- e de a t l alg to ,d ume t c nrlt o rfrnc d i t c ant a matr j iily le ains oc ns e ta o r e ee e n he ompli , nd tes udcal n tc d. La Gr sa v Fis Unon S c, n , 8F. 8 ,8 ( 1h Ci. 00 . o ie ' ' a t . r t i e .I c.35 3d 40 45 1 t r 2 4) A com pl i m us cont n s ta pl n s a em e soft gr a nt t ai hor nd ai t t nt he oundsf t c ts or he our ' jrs c in,oft ca e o a to a o t e r le s ug . d.R. v. 8 a . Und r u idito he us f ci n, nd f h ei f o ht Fe Ci P. ( ) e ?Ofi Sodr has notr ponded and t e i no pr ofse ce on t docket Pl ntf has 1 days fcer e es her s oof rvi he . ai if 20 fo t d t oft Complitt s r e Ofie Sod e Se Fe R.Ci P.4( . ChifOr a fl d a r m he ae he an o e v fc r r . e d. v. m) e os ie n Ans and Af imatve Def ns wer fr i e es. 2 t hei ened pl adi sandar s t f t by t Supr e Cour i Bel At.Cor v he ght e ng t ds e orh he em tn l l p. T mbe 55 U. 5 4( 7)a As rh vI b ,5 6U. 66 ( 01 ,heemus be wo ly, 0 S. 4 200 nd hc o q al 5 S. 2 2 0) t r t ' no h f c st sa e a c am t r le t a i plusbl o (he f c ' oft e c ant i ug a t o t t l i o eif h t s a i e n t ) a e' h ompl i . e Twom bly, 550 U . at 570. A pl ntf m us pl s sci f s t s e S. ai if t ead uf ent act o how r i and elef 'm or t l s a concl i .a f m ul c r t i oft el ent of a c e of l e han abel nd usons. , or ai eciaton he em s aus ac i wilnotdo. 1 ton l ' d. ' 1 1 ANA LYSIS 1. A.î 1983 Cl m s ai if1 83 Cl i a Fou t e h Ame me Vi l tons . 9 a m nd re nt nd nt o a i Def ndant r s conce n t pa agr ph t o of t Com pl nt s a es t acton e aies r hat r a w he ai t t he i t nd e h s a l s vi atons of t U . Cons iuton' Fourh a Fourtent Am endm ent . The lege ol i he S. tt i s gai t aw nf ce nt fce s or xce i Supr e Cour ha hel t a1 cl m s a ns l e or m e ofi r f e ssve em t s d hat 1 ai f c s d be a yzed unde t Fourh A m endm ent sr onabl s s a d a not or e houl nal r he t ' eas enes t ndar nd t Foure h A m endm ent s due pr s sandar Gr he t ent ' oces t d. aham v.Connor,490 U . 386, S. 3 ( 98 ) Ac o di gl t t e t n t tt e Compli s e r le f e e svef c 95 1 9 . c r n y, o he x e t ha h ant e ks e if or xc s i or e i vi aton oft Four ee h Am e n ol i he t nt ndm e ,t Cour fndsno s r i fi pe m i sbl nt he ti uch ele s r s i e. i.Count1:Exce si Force i s ve Count1alegest D ef l hat endant Sodr and t Ciy vi at t D ece nts Fourh s e he t ol ed he de ' t Ame dme rg t b fe fo e es i f r e D. 6 a ! 46. Th o y a lgai ns n nt iht o e r e r m xc sve o c . E. t e nl le to agai tt Ciy ar t tt Ciy ha û bas sf s zur 'oft D ece ns he t e ha he t d ç no i or ei e' he dentand c ea ed a r t 3 s ci lzed uni ofwhi h D ef pe a i t c endantSodr was a m em be on t ni i ques i 1 a e r he ght n ton. d. t ! 48 5 l , 2. ! l i wele t b ihe t a t r i no r s nde s pe ir la lt u r j 1 3. t s l sa ls d h t hee s epo at u ro ibiiy nde 98 N n l v De 'o So .Se v.o Cï o w Y r 43 U. 6 ,6 1( 9 ) Ci o hnel . p t f c r s f / fNe o k, 6 S. 58 9 1 78 ; t f y y Can o ,Ohi v Ha rs 48 U. 378 385( 98 ; e h v Clyt n Cn@. Ga. 33 F.d t n o , r i, 9 S. , 1 9) Gr c . a o , , 5 3 1 2 1 29 ( 1h Ci.2 3) munii l y c n o y be s d und rj 1 3 whe i i 3 6, 3 1 t r 00 .A cpai a nl t ue e 98 n ts t e c to o apoiy o c tm t tdntit t ij y. M o l,43 U. a 6 he xe uin f lc r uso ha i lcs he nur ' nel 6 S. t 94. i ' Thus Countldoes notpr e a pr r s tagai tt Ciy. Def nda Sodr s alege , es nt ope ui ns he t e nt e' l d lc ofr a o bl ba i f rhi us off r e c nn tbec le d a a ns t e Ciy a a j a k e s na e ss o s e o c a o ha lnge g i t h t s 1 8 vilto Thee oe a a i theCiy Cou 1i dimis dwihprj c . 9 3 oain. rf r, s gans t t, nt s s se t eudie iiCount1:Dei r t I e e e i. 1 lbe ae ndt r nc Count 1 aleges t Ciy was delbe at y i f e ent i ha ng polci i f ce 1 l he t i r el ndif r n vi i es n or t a vi lt d t Fo t Ame h t oa e he urh ndme .D. 6 a ! 73,De e nto i na l mo e t nt E. t fnda rgi ly v d o di m i t Com pl nt f l ck of f ual s s ss he ai or a act uppor. I hi Res t n s pons Pl ntf atac e, ai if t hes De a t n ofJ tc fndng sai g t a t De rme b le s Cha (h Ciy o p rme t usie i i s t tn h t he pa t nt ei ve , ç t t e t f t M im iPolc De rm e le a si apa tr o p a tc ofe e sveus o f r ewih a i e pa t nt ng ge n ten r r ci e xc s i e f o c t r s e tt fr a m d s ha ge . D. 3 1a ! 1 l lg oft t i isRe y De e da e p c o ie r ic r s' E.1 - t ( . n iht ha, n t pl , f n nt ' w ihdr w t spori ofisM oton. t e hi ton t i A w e ls l- uppored R e pons doesnotm a a w el- ed Com pl nt The Compl nt t s e ke lpl ai . ai doesnotcont n s fci f ct s ai ufi ent a ual uppor f is alegatons The Depa t e ofJ tce t or t l i . r m nt us i fndi atac t Pl ntf Res i ngs t hed o ai ifs pons a e neihercont i i norr e enced t i t e r t a ned n ef r o n he 4 Co ant Ac o di l Co t1 i dimis d wiho tprj c t r - e d t cam mpli . c r ngy, un 1 s s s e t u eudie o epla he li w ih s fci ntf t s t ufi e ac ual uppor . t B.Fl i St e Law Cl m s or da at ai i Fl i Wr gf De h Ac . orda on ul at t Pl ntf brngst ee sat 1 w cl m s agai tt Ciy:CountII ale W r ul ai i f i hr t e a ai ns he t I l ges ongf Dea h, Count I brngs a cl m of ba t r a Count V s t V i ai te y, nd eeks dam ages f diec or r t neglge e.3 D ef i nc endantar gues Pl ntf' ba t r a neglge cl m s m er i o t ai its te y nd i nce ai ge nt he wr ngf d ah c am u r Fl i a' W r ngf De t Ac ,Fl S a .j . 6 768. o ul e t l i nde ord s o ul ah t a. tt 768 1 - 26 ( 01 . Pli tf a gu s e c o t c n s a e pe misbl b c us t y a e pld a 2 4) a n if r e a h f he ou t r r s i e e a e he r e s aler i t natves. Flrda s s vi a saut ,Fl.Stt j 4 0 1 ( 01 ,p e e v s t rg t brng o i ' ur v l t t e a a . 6.2 2 4) r s r e he i ht o i p ro lij y a to wh c t de e e t ma ha b ou tprort hi d ah onl e s na nur c i ns ih he c d n y ve r gh i o s e t y wh n tepes na ij r wa nott c us ofd ah.St ln v R. Re ol To ac o e h ro l nu y s he a e e t arig . J yn ds b c C 7,8 F.Su 2d 1 1 ,1 1 ( . Fl .201 )( iig sf tn v Unie Se .Se v . R . 45 pp. 2 5 2 9 M D. a 1 ctn arl . td c r st ' I c,3l So. 7 ,7 n.1 ( a 1 75 ) Und r t Fl rda W r ng u De t Ac, n . 4 2d 65 70 8 Fl. 9 ). e he o i o f l ah t ( napes na ij r t t de e e rs t i d ah, a to frt pe s na ij r û Whe ro ln u y o he c d nt euls n e t no cin o he ro l nu y s l s vi ,a d a y s h a ton pe di a t tme ofde t s l a t . Fl,S a .j hal ur ve n n uc ci n ng t he i ah hal bae' a t t ' 7 20 ( 01 . The Fl i a Su e Co tha u l t W r ngf De t Ac a 68. 2 4) ord pr me ur s phed he o ul ah t s c nsiuto l h di S s pa ae saut r a to f r pe s lij re r s tng i o tt i na , ol ng ' e r t t t o y ci n o rona n u i s e uli n no 3countI i i orecty l l CountVli t Com pl nt D . 6 a 1 V s nc r l abeled n he ai . E. t 4. 5 dea h ca s vi t de t n ur ve he cede ' de ie.'M artn,314 So. a 770. A lhough Pl ntf nt s m s ' i 2d t t ai if sat she ûac te t knowl s'M artnt hol ng,he doesnotditngui h t cas edge ' i s di s i s he e. The Com pl nt aleges t t t bater a t neglge ai l ha he t y nd he i nce eac r uled i h es t n De e ntsde t D. 6 a ! 92,1 2.Ac or ng y,t batr a ne i e ec ams c de ' a h. E. t ! 0 c di l he te y nd glg nc l i a e wr r ongf dea h actons pr m ied on dif entt i of t t la lt Thus unde ul t i e s fer heores or i biiy. , r Fl i lw ,t c ai s f ba t y a neglgence ca orda a he l m or ter nd i nnotsand as i pende ca es of t nde nt us a to a Cou sI a dV mu tbeds se wihprj ie cin nd nt V n s imis d t eudc . i. at eo Li t i iSt ut f miatons A lhough notr s by any pary,t Cour has i ii a pot ntalpr e w ih t aied t he t dentfed e i obl m t t sat e of lm iatons. l Fl i a wr he t ut i t i n or da, ongf dea h a i aga ns a sat agency or ul t cton i t te s b viin mus be b o htwihi t - a s ofwhe t a ton a c ue Fl S a .j u di so t r ug t n wo ye r n he ci c r d. a. t t 7 . ( 4 ( 4 ;j 9 114 ( ( 01 . A mu cpaiy i asae a e y o s di so 6828 1 ) 201 ) 5. ( )d) 2 4) nii lt s t t g nc r ub vii n f r pu po e o t s saut .Fl .S a .j 7 28 2) ( 4 . De e ntpa s d a y o o r s s f hi t t e a t t 68. 4 201 ) c de s e wa n J nu r 1 2 1 D. 6 a ! 2 26.Thi c s wa fld o De e e 3 2 3,amos a a y , 01 . E. t ! 2, s a e s ie n c mb r 0, 01 l t t ee yea safe t deat D . 1. hr r tr he h. E. Pr ort brngi a t tacton agai t a s a e agency or s vi on,a pa t m us i o i ng or i ns t t ubdi si ry t com pl w ih ce t n pr s t r quiem ent y t rai e- ui e r s. l a w r ul dea h ac i n ongf t ton, t e hes r r m e s i ude pr se i a cl m t Fl i Deparm e of Fi equie nt ncl e ntng ai o orda t nt nanci Se ces al rvi wihi t ye r a trt cam a c ue .Fl .Stt j 68. ( )a ( ( 4 . The sau e t n wo a s fe he li c r s a a . 7 28 6 ( )2) 201 ) tt t oflm iatons i t l durng t tm e i t i ti s oled i he i t akes t D e t entt r h a deci i Fl he parm o eac son. a. 6 Stt j 7 . ( 4 ( 4) I no de so i ra h d i awr ngf de t c s wihi a. 68286)d) 201 . f ciin s e c e n o ul ah a e t n ni y da ,t deci on i dee e a fna de a oft c ai . 1 net ys he si s m d i l ni l he l m d. Pl ntf aleges t t he com pled w ih t condii pr ede t br ngi t s ai if l ha i t he tons ec nt o i ng hi a to a ct sù bi B. D. 6 a ! 7.No s h e hi ti at c d. Th Co an ci n nd ie s Exhi t ' E. t ' uc x bi s ta he e mpli t pr e s no f t t a l ge t wr ul dea h c ai has bee tm el f l as i es nt ac s hat le he ongf t lm n i y ied; s c r nty pl t s cas w as t ed one ye beyond t t our e l ed, hi e ll ar he w year sat e of lm iatons t ut i t i . Ac or ngy,Co tIImus be dimis d wiho tp eudie t p o ry pl a t tt e c di l un l t s s e t u r j c o r pe l e d ha h sa ut of lm ia i doe notbar t s a i and t s tt e i t tons s hi cton o how com planc w ih Fl . S a .j i e t a tt 768. 28. l .C H I O RO SA V EF D e endant Chi Or a fl a Ans e a A fim a i Def ns f ef os ied n w r nd fr tve e es. A s hi fr t s is afir a i def ns Def ndant Or a sa es ( l ntf f l t s a e a c e of ac i m tve e e, e os t t , T ai i f ais o t t aus ton u n whih r le c n b gr n e a ans t sDe e n . D. 1 a ! 1 po c e if a e a t d g i t hi f nda t' E. 2 t 03. ' Thi i not a pr s s oper af m atve def e. An af m atve def e i a de e e sr i ens ûr i ens s f ns whih i dmistee s ntalacsofac mplita d st up oh rf csi j tsc to o c i t h se i f t a o an n es te a t n usi ain r a i a e. Wilv Rih d on Me r l,I c ,6 F.S pp.5 5 ( D.Ga 1 6 vo d nc ' l . c ar s - r e l n . 47 ' u 44, 47 S. . 98 ) (mpha i i orgna ) $ de e ewh c poi sou ad f c i t pl i it prma f ce e ss n i i l. $ fns ih nt t e e t n he antf' i a i A s cas i nota afim a i def ns ' I r Rawson Food Se v. I ,846 F. 1343, 1 es n fr tve e e.' n e r , nc. 2d 349 ( 1h Ci.1 ) De e a tOr ad dno fl aM otont Dimis 1 t r 988 . f nd n os i t ie i o s s How e , t Com pl nt does i f t f l t sat a ca e of a i agai t ver he ai , n ac , ai o t e us cton ns Dee a tOr a t u h i s e i hi i di dua c pa iy und r42 U. C. 1 3, f nd n os .Alho gh e s u d n s n vi l a ct e S. j 98 no of t Count alege a ac i t ken by Or a. The onl a l tons conce ni ne he s l ny ton a os y lega i r ng hin ar t the was t c efof polce a t tm e of Decedents deat i a k r on' as l e ha he hi i t he i ' h, s k s ' pe d i d i j 1 83 a d i s d i hi i di du c pa i D. 6 a ! 1 Th si frfom ef ne n 9 , n s ue n s n vi al a ct E. t 3. i s a r y. s fci ntt s a e a caus ofacton a ns Def nda Or ufi e o t t e i gai t e nt osa. A ccor ngl t Am e d di y, he nde Compl nta ns D ef ai gai t endantOr a m us be dim i s Pl ntf w ilbe gr nt l ve t os t s s ed. ai i f l a ed ea o fl a ne pl di cont ni s sci alega i agai tD ef nda Or a. ie w ea ng ai ng uf ent l tons ns e nt os V .C O NCLU SI N O A c di y,upon a ca ef r vi w of t r d and t Cour be ng ot wi e cor ngl r ul e e he ecor he t i her s f l advied,i i O RD ER ED ,A DJU DG ED ,and D ECREED as f l s: uly s ts olow De e da tCiy ofM imisM o i t Dimist eAme e Co ant( E.1 ) fn n t a ' ton o s s h nd d mpli D. 1 , be,and t s e i ,he eby G R ANTED ; he am s r 2. A sagai tD e endantCiy ofM i i CountlofPl ntf sAm ended Com pl nt ns f t am , ai if ai ( E. i he e DI I D. 6) s r by SM SSED wih pr j c ; t e udi e Co 1 o Pl i ips Ame d Co ant ( E.6) i he e DI I unt 1 f antf nde mpli D. s r by SM SSED wihoutpr j c ' t e udie , 4. Co t I I of Pli ifs Ame d Compli ( E.6 i he e DI I un I antf nde ant D. ) s r by SM SSED wihou pr j c ' t t e udie , 5. Count I of Pl ntf Ame e Compl i ( E. 6 i he e DI I V ai ifs nd d ant D. ) s r by SM SSED wih pr j c ; t e udi e Co V ofPlitf Ame de Co a n ( E.6 i he e DI I unt an ifs n d mpli t D. ) s r by SM SSED w ih t Pr j c , e udie ' 8 As a ai tDe e ntOr s Pli ifsAm e d Compl i ( E.6 i he e y g ns f nda o a antf nde ant D. ) s r b DI I SM SSED wih tprj c ;a tou eudie nd 8. Pli tf ha t n y ( ) da fo t e d t o t s Or e t fl a Se on a n if s we t 20 ys r m h a e f hi d r o se c d Am ended Compl nti ac dancew ih t sOr . ai n cor t hi der DO NE and O RD ER ED i Cha ber a t J esLawr nce K i Fede alJ tce n m s t he am e ng r us i Buidi and U nied St t Courhous M i i Fl i t s7t day ofA pr l 201 l ng t a es t e, am , orda hi h i, 4. N. J ES LA W REN CE K I G N I TED STATES DI STRI J CT U SOU THERN DI STRI OF FL R1 A CT cc: A l Couns ofRecor l el d 9
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