Nagpal v. Hill, No. 1:2012cv21495 - Document 41 (S.D. Fla. 2013)
Court Description: ORDER Granting In Part Motion to Dismiss Counterclaim Signed by Senior Judge James Lawrence King on 1/22/2013. (jw)
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Nagpal v. Hill Doc. 41 UN I TED STA TES D I STRICT CO U RT SO U TH ER N D I STR I O F FLO R I A CT D M I IDI I O N AM V SI CASE N O .12- 49521 CIV- I G K N AARON K ,HI LL, Count r pl ntf , e - ai if ZU BI N A GPA L,NA RESH N AGPA L, N BEENA NAGPXL, FRED PORTNOY, a CM CO M ORTGA GE,LLC, nd d/ aH om e Lendi Sour e, b/ ng c Count r D ef nda s e - e nt . / O RDER G R AN TI I PAR T M O TI N TO DI ISS C O UN TER CLA I NG N O SM M TH I M A TTER com e bef e t c t upon Count - endant S s or he our er Def s' M o i n t DimisCou t r li a t Compe a Mor De i ie Stt me t( to o s s n e c am nd o l e fn t ae n DE /3 , fl d Nov mbe / 2) ie e r 201 The Count r D ef nda s ar 2. e - e nt gue t hat t he Count cl i s d be di m is be er a m houl s s ed caus is e ght n count do not s ts y e t i ee s aif pl ng sanda ds The Court bei bref on t m ater1fnds t t M oton eadi t r . i , ng i ed he t , i hat he s d be gr nt i pa t houl a ed n r . L BACKGROUND On Aprl4 201 Pli tf Zu n Na pa fld a on - ou tCompli ( i , 2, a n if bi g l ie ec n ant DE #1 2 a i tDe e a tAa on K. l,al g n br a h ofa g r ny n t . g l - ) gans f nd n r Hil le i g e c ua a t o e Na pa i a Fl i r i s or da es denta s ehol i CM CO M orgage,doi busnes as Hom e nd har der n t ng i s 1TheCount - ai , p s a tt teCou tsNo mb 1 . 2Or er( #3 g a tn a ercl mant uru n o h r' ve er 5 201 d DE 4) r n ig n e tn inoftmet op e tmey fldaRe p e( #38 onDe e r1 ,2 2. tr xe so i o pos , i l ie s ons DE ) c mbe 8 01 Coune Def nt di notRepl enda s d y. Dockets.Justia.com Le i g So c ($ ';Hili aKe uc r sde a f r rHLS e oy e nd n ur e k HLS' l s nt ky e i nt nd o me ) mpl e . On t ba i o fd r ldi riy j rs cin, Hiltmey rmove Na pa' he ss f e e a vest uidito l i l e d g ls Com pl i t t s Cour on Aprl20,201 Afert Cour de e H ilsM oton t ant o hi t i 2. t he t ni d l' i o Sty ltgai pe i g t eou c ofar l td saec u ta to i Ke t ky ( a ii ton nd n h tome e ae tt o r ci n n n uc DE #1 ) Hilfld hi Ans ra Veiid Co n ecam ( unec. DE #20 o 7 , l ie s we nd rte u tr li Co tr l, )n Oct r 4,201 Count r pl ntf Hilaleges ei ee count agai t Pl ntf obe 2. e - ai if l l ght n s ns ai if Na gpal and f ot r Count - ef nt : HLS, a Fl i lm ied la lt our he erD enda s or da i t i biiy c ompany;Nar h N a ,a Fl i r i es gpal orda es denta chaim an ofH LS;Bee N agpal nd r na , aFl i r i ;and Fr d Pornoy,aFl i r i nta pr i ntofHLS. orda es dent e t orda esde nd esde Cou trplitf alge camsfrb e c ofc nta t( nt1;b e c of ne- anif le s li o ra h o r c Cou ) r a h fdu ir duy( n 1) adi a a ti b e c offd ir d t ( unt11; i cay t Cou t 1; i ng nd betng r a h iucay uy Co 1) ne i e tmir p e e ai n ( n 1 ;fa uln mirpr s ntto ( un V) glg n se r s ntto Cou t V) r ud e t se e e ai n Co t ; pr so y e tp l( u VI;a us o p o e s ( ntV1) c omis r so pe Co nt ) b e f r c s Cou 1; ommo 1w n a i e ic to ( un I) trius itre e e wih pr pe tve e o mi nd mni ain Co tVII; o to nefrnc t os ci c no c a va tge( u I ;unus e rc n ( u X) c n rin o f s( u d na Co nt X) j t n ihme t Co nt ; o ve so f und Co nt XI; upain ofc m oaebu i s o po tniis( n X1) b e c o duyof ) us r to o rt sne s p ru te Cou t I; r a h f t go f ih a f i d a i ( nt I) c nta t l n mni a in ( u XI ; od at nd ar e lng Cou XIl; o r cua i de sc to Co nt V) qui tme ( u XV) ds r me ( n XV1;d ca ao y r le ( u a i t Co nt ; igoge nt Cou t ) e lrtr eif Co nt XVI) a pu tved ma e ( u XVI1. Cou ec. ! 1 33 . 1; nd nii a g s Co nt 1) ( ntr l! -1 ) Co trDe e nt m o ,u rFe r lRu eofCi lPr e u e 1 ( )6 , un e - fnda s ve nde de a l vi oc d r 2 b ( ) t ha al ei ee cl m sdim is f f iur t m ee Rul 8 pl ng sanda ds o ve l ght n ai s s ed or a l e o t e eadi t r . Ale natvel t y m ove t com pelCount r pl ntf t pr de a m or desnie t r i y, he o e - ai if o ovi e t sat m entoft c ai s. t e he l m I LEGAL STANDARD L Count r a m s a e hel t t s m e pl di s anda ds appled t e cl i r d o he a ea ng t r i o c an s Manu lv Con eg s Cor ,43 F. 11 ,1 41 ( 1h Ci.20 ) omplit. e . vry p. 0 3d 32 1 1 t r 05 , Rul 8 r r t t a com pl nt i ude a C hor a pl n sa e ent' e equies ha ai ncl k t nd ai t t m ' s de ons r i t t cl i a i e il d t r i .Fed R.Ci P.8.To s ve a m tatng hat he a m nt s ntte o elef v. urvi Rul 1 b)6)mo i ,a c mpli mu ti lde t no h f c st sae a c am t e 2( ( ton o ant s ncu s ug a t o tt li o e r i t i pl i e on is f ' Bel Atantc Cor v Twom bl 550 U . 544, elef hat s aus bl t ace,' l l i p. . y S. 5 1 S.Ct 1 5 ( 00 ( ha a trz ng a lg ton o pa al lc nd t i 70, 27 . 95 2 7) c r c e ii le a i s f r le o uc n s po to aca m f prc fx n a f li g s r o plusbl) k c am ha f ca up r f li or ie i i g s a ln ho t f a i e .$ li s a il A pl biiy when t pl ntf pl ads f t cont t alow s t cour t dr w ausi lt he ai i f e ac ual ent hat l he to a t r s he ea onabl i er e t tt def ndanti labl f t m i c e nf enc ha he e s i e or he s onduc ale ' t l ged.' As r .f v I bal 5 6 U. 66 6 1 S. .1 7 ( 09 . hc o t . q , 5 S. 2, 63, 29 Ct 93 20 ) W hen e ua i a m oton t di m i s t Cour m us t al oft welval tng i o s s , he t t ake 1 he l pl f t l alegatons as t ue.Eri s v Pardu 551 U . 89, 94, 1 S.Ct ed ac ua l i r ck on . s, S. 27 . 21 ( 007 .So lng a t c mpli pr p ry a lg s fc st a ma e is ca ms 97 2 ) o s he o ant o e l le e a t h t k t li t t e he om ai ' l i n he i t pl i e, t Cour m us vi w t c pl nts alegatons i t lght m os aus bl he f abl t t pl i if Am.D ent As ' v.Ci Cor ,605 F. 1 avor e o he a ntf . al s n gna p. 3d 283, 1 289 ( 1h Ci. 01 . ac r lr al g to a e ts ppo t f c sa eno e tte 1 t r 2 0) As o ola y, le ai ns bs n u ri a t r t n ild ng t t s pr um pton ofve aciy.l , 1 S.Ct a 1951 I t Cour i ii o hi es i r t qbal 29 .t . f he t dentfes s uch concl or alega i , us y l tons m us t n cons der w het r t r ai ng t he i he he em ni alega i f ausi y s l tons l pl bl ugge ta entte entt r i . 1 The Cour m us dim i s s n il m o elef' d. ' t t s s a com pl ntt tdoe notpr nta pl i e c ai e il t r i . ai ha s ese ausbl l m ntted o elef 11 DI 1 . SCUSSI ON Count r D ef nda s' M oton ar s t t Count r ai s d be e - e nt i gue hat he e cl m houl di m is f a va i t ofpl adi defc enc es Count - ef ndant alega i s s ed or r ey e ng i i i . erD e s' l tons a e vol i r um nous: Count 1 1 ,1 1 I ,V , VI l I ,X 1 I nd X 1 f l t pl ad s , 1 1, V I, X I ,a V ai o e es ental el ent of t caus of ac i Count I and s i em s he e ton; s V do not s ts y aif hei e pl ng s a ds r r d f t e cl i s;Count V1 VI ,and X ght ned eadi t ndar equie or hos a m s , 1 a e wihoutm ert CountI i ba r by ltgaton pr viege;Count X 1 and X I r t i; X s r ed ii i i l s 1 a e i pr r m oper dervatve cl m s, Count X1 a XV l cks a s t a pl n i i ai ' s nd a hor nd ai s a em e ofe il m entt r i ;Count XV Ia XV I Ia e r edi ,notca es t t nt ntte o elef s nd I r em es us of ac i and Count X VI s ks a advior opi on.l a l ngt Res ton; I ee n s y ni n e hy pons e, Count - ai if oppos al os al of Count r D ef ndant a gum ent . The erpl ntf es m t l e- e s' r s Cour now addr s eac oft ei ee c s i t . t es es h he ght n ount n um A.The Count s i Br ac o Cont ac ( unt1 . e h f r t Co ) Und rFlrd lw,t ee nsfrab e c o c nta tcam ae $ 1 t e o ia a he lme t o r a h f o r c li r ;$ ) he ( e se e ofa c nta t 2 abra h oft onrc,a d ( )d ma srs tng xitnc o r c,() e c hec ta t n 3 a ge euli fom t b e c 'St e Fa m M ut Au o I s Co.v y ii nsIj r Car Ct r he r a h. at r ' . t. n . .Ph sc a n u y e n, l c , 27 F. p' 71 7 ( 1h Ci. 1 )( o ig Ro ln ,l c v. tan 951 n .4 Ap x 4, 25 1 t r 20 1 qu tn lis n . Bu l d, 20 ) nt h n e cam le e So.2 8 0,8 ( a Dit Ct App. 06).Cou Ioft e Cou t r li a lg s d 6 76 Fl . s, . t exit he sence ofa contac be ween Count - ai if a t Count r D ef nda s r t t erpl ntf nd he e - e nt 4 a a es Count r D ef nda s of br hi t t contac .H oweve , Count I nd ccus e - e nt eac ng ha r t r doesnotalege dam ages r uli fom t br l es tng r hat each.I t Count1 sat a l l ns ead, t es ega concl i ; sa r ul,H ili entte t t c eque i dam ages f br che uson: i A es t l s il d o he ons ntal or ea s fo Co tr l i De e a t . ( u t r l,! 49 .Ac o digl , Cou I i r m un e cam fnd n s' Co n e c . ' ) cr n y nt s di m is asf t l i ufi ent s s ed ac ualy ns fci . i. e h o Fi i yDut ( i Br ac f ducar y CountI ) I Count - ef erD endant a gue t , whe pr ry under t s r hat n ope l sood, t r e nt he elva f ct pl i Count1 do notesabls t e sence ofa fduci r dut But att s a s ed n 1 t ih he xi t i a y y. , hi s a t Cour a yzes onl whet r t f t pl ar pl bl on t r f t ge, he t nal y he he ac s ed e ausi e hei ace and,i tue,w oul s fr d uppor t a l i Se Am e can D e al 605 F. at1 t he legatons. e ri nt , 3d 289. Count1 exceedst s t es d. 1 hi hr hol H ow e r Count - ai if f l t ale al es e i l el ent of t ve , erpl ntf ais o l ge l s nta em s he cam.s h e e nt ofabr a h offd c a y d t c am a e ( )t e e it nc o a li ir e lme s ec i u i r u y l i r : 1 h x se e f fdu ir duy;( t b e c oft tduy;a ( )d ma epr xi tl c us db i cay t 2) he r a h ha t nd 3 a g o maey a e y t a b e c ' T e o I e n A.v Kr a,70 F. p 2d 1 3 1 ( D.Fl h t r a h. r c ntr .S. . omk 6 Su p. 28 , 288 S. a. ' 201 ) Li wih Cou t 1 Cou 1 sa e d ma e a a lga c c u i n.Se 0 . ke t n , nt 1 tt s a g s s e l on l so e ( n e c .! 5 ) Ac o di y, nt1 i d s s e a f c u l i s fc e t Cou t r l, 6 . c r ngl Cou 1 s imis d s a t al n ufii n . y ii Ai ng a Abe tngBr ac o Fi i r Dut ( unt1 1 i. di nd ti e h f duc a y y Co 1) Fl i r ogni a ca e of a i f a di a abeti a br ch of orda ec zes us cton or i ng nd tng ea td ir d t ûf e ee n s a e ( ) a fd ir d t o t e pa t o t l uca y u y. d' lme t r 1 -h i uc ay u y n h r f he wr n oe ;( a br a h o fd ir d y;( kno e ge oft b e c b t e o gd r 2) e c f i uca y ut 3) wld he r a h y h a lg d ade a d a to ;a ( t ade a d a to ' s bsa i la ssa e o le e i r n bet r nd 4) he i r n bet rs u tnta s it nc r enc a m entoft wr our ge he ongdoi ' Pear man v Al s,N o.09-20865-C1 2009 ng.' l . exi V, R 31 1 30 a * ( D. a Se .25 200 ) Co t11 i r lva tpa t alge 6 8 , t 5 S. Fl . pt , 9 . un 1, n e e n r, le s t e sence of a fducir dut a t tCount r D e enda s t e e awar oft he xit i a y y nd ha e- f nt l r w e he wee h her e cl m antf l s i l r atons p bet n eac ot and Count r ai Pl i if H il and pec a el i hi nd t he e hes i ir i know i y and/ r es l a ded a abeted t br ac of fduc a y dutes ngl or eckl sy i de c i d he en. ( n e c . 59 .Thi a lg to f ist al g ,ho v r t t s rbe r i ' Cou t r l ! ) s le a i n al o le e we e , ha ' t Count r Def he e - endant kne t t t act f whi h t s w ha he or c hey wer pr di e ovi ng s t i as it nce was t br h of a fduci r dut A ddii l t ubsantal s sa he eac i ay y. tonaly, he Count r ai pr des no dem a ca i bet ee t a l gedl t tous ac s of e cl m ovi r ton w n he le y ori t ai ng and abeti by e h Count - ef nt t ale tons unde Count 1 1 di tng ac erD enda ; he l ga i r I aeb o dl die tda Sthea tonso Co ntr li De e nt. ( nec.! r r a y rce t s j ci f u ecam fnda s' Cou trl l ' 61 . c r i y, un lIi d s is d a f cua l i uf int ) Ac o dngl Co t I s im se s a t ly ns sce . i .Ne i e M ir pr s nt i n ( v glg nt s e e e ato CountI V) The Count cl m does not a l whe he t neglgentm ir pr ent i er ai lege t r he i s e es aton occur ed i Kent r n ucky orFl i ,t orda hough Count - ai ifsR e pons a l gest t erpl ntf s e le ha it com m uni tonsal occ r d i per on,by phone,by e aiorby f a wer ihe ca i l ur e n s m l ax nd e ma e b p ronsl c t d i Flrd ,Ke t c y a / rboh. ( #38 p.2 .To d y e s o ae n o i a n u k nd o t ' DE , 0) ' pl a caus of ac i f neglgent m ir pr nt i unde Fl i l w ,t ead e ton or i s e ese aton r orda a he Co trpli ifmu tal g t t ï 1 t e de e ntma amir pr s n ai n of un e - antf s le e ha : ç ) h fnda ( de se e e t to ma e il f c t t he beive t be tu b whih wa i f c f le ( ) t tra a t ha le d o r e ut c s n a t as ; 2 he def ntwas neglgenti m a ng t s a em e becaus he s enda i n ki he t t nt e houl have known d t r p e e ai n wa f le ( t d f nd n i t nd d t i uc t e pl i ift he e r s ntto s as ; 3) he e e a t n e e o nd e h antf o 6 r l ...o t mirprs nain;a ( )ij r rs tdt t pli ifa tn i ey n he se ee tto nd 4 n uy e ule o he antf cig n j tfa l rla eu ntemirp e e ain. Ro v Ame xI .Co, 0 S usiibe einc po h se r sntto ' mo . de ns .93 o. ' 2d 6 ,65 ( a Dit Ct App. 06)( uo i Si v Ce e r in Co,8 3 S 43 3 F1 . s. . 20 q tng mon . l b ato . 8 o. 2d 8 ,8 2 ( a Dit Ct p.200 ) Cou t I i c e ry i uf inty pld 26 3 F1. s . .Ap 4). n V s l a l ns fce l e unde Fl i l w . Though t Count cl m aleges t t Count - ef nt r orda a he er ai l ha erD enda s neglgenty m ade num er m ir pr ent i t tCount - ai i fr i upon, i l ous s e es atons ha erpl ntf eled i f l t alege t tt e m i r es nt tonsw e e;m a eral beleved by Count r t ais o l ha hos s epr e a i r t i ; i e- Dee a st betue i e e t i uc Co ntrpli ifsrla e j tfa l fnd nt o r ; ntnd d o nd e u e- antf' einc ; usiiby rle u nbyCo ntrpli if a tedie tr s tofCo trplitf sij r eid po u e- antf; nd h r c eul une- anif nu y. CountI alo i i ufi enty pl unde K ent ky 1 be V s s ns fci l ed r uc aw caus att ve y l t e, he r eas , i do sn talgeSu tfa erla e'Se Pr s l Con t Man ge s I c v EH t e o le j siibl einc . e e nel s. a r, n . . ' Con t LLC, 1 S. . 3 5 5, 5 0 ( 200 ) Ac o di l , Co t I i s, 34 W d 7 8 Ky. 4 . c r ng y un V s dim i s a f t ly i uf i nt s s ed s ac ua l ns ic e . v. au e M ir pr s nt ton ( Fr dul nt s e e e a i CountV) I Flrd ,t e e e e s f r fa uln m irpr s ntto a e:i 1 a f le n o i a h lm nt o r ud e t se e e ai n r 1 ) a s ( sa e ntoff c ;( )kn by t d f n ntt be f le a t tme t ti wa ttme a t 2 own he e e da o as t he i ha t s ma e ( ma e f t pu pos ofi ucng t pli tf t a ti r la c t r o d ; 3) d or he r e nd i he a n if o c n e in e he e n; ( ato b t pli ifi rla eo tec re t s o t rp e e ain;a 4) cin y he antf n einc n h o rcne s f he e r sntto nd ( )r s tn d ma e o ij r 'Nat1V ntr s I . Wa e Gl de 30 Con o. 5 e uli g a g r n u y. ' e u e , nc v. t r a s 0 d ' As ' 8 So, 1 0,1 4 ( a Dit Ct Ap 20 ) The ee n sa e sm ia s n, 47 2d 07 07 Fl . s. . p. 03 . lme t r i lr orda nd uc a unde Kent r ucky l , i a i abl 2 U nder Fl i a Kent ky l w , Count aw f pplc e. er Pl ntf hasnots fci l pl d CountV be ai if ufi enty e causehe s a es dam age as i Count tt s, n s 1a dI,a lga c cuso . e( unec.!7 )(d ars tHili e tte t n I s e l on l ins Se Co tr l, 0 $ As e ul, l s nild o compens or a punii da ages as des rbed he ei a i por t at y nd tve m ci r n nd ncor a ed a ve' . Co ntrpl i if mu t al g t d ma e t a fo fo Co t r bo .) u e - antf s le e he a g s h t l w r m un e ' Dee da s alge l ij ius a t Ac o dn y, Cou V i ds se a fn nt' le dy nuro c. c r igl nt s imisd s f ualy i ufi i nt3 act l ns fc e . v . omis y Eso l( i Pr s or t ppe CountVI ) Pr is y es oppel i an equiabl r m edys a i e S om s or t s t e e pplcabl s wher t e he r r m e s f a vald contac do notexit û t pr i e s d be e or equie nt or i r t s yet he om s houl nf ced t a i ij tc .'BelCan a v Ya Ame ia,No 2 43 V,2 2 4& o vod nusie' l ad . k rc ' .1 -221 -C1 01 L 40 74 a * ( otng Do v 25 5, t 3 qu i e .Uniiin T l vso Gr p,I . 71 So.2 6 vso e e iin ou nc, 7 d 3, 6 ( a Dit Ct App. 1 98 ) I i n t a ia e l n pa te ha e a wrte 5 Fl . s. . 9 ). t s o val bl t whe ris v itn c nta ta d esngt r lva tis e'Cor RefDrv Lan De .LLC v Duk o r c d r si he ee n su . al e ie d v, ' . e Ac / Lt P 'hi 45 So. 3 8 , 90 ( a.Dit Ct Ap 201 ( iai l/ d. s p, y d 97 2 Fl s, . p. 0) ctton o te ) l t a ve syld a to t e Co t r li ce ry i c t s t a t mit d . n he bo -t e ci n, h un ec am l a l ndiae h t he pari had ent ed i o a w rten agr em ent on t r e tes er nt it e he elvant i s H ow e ,t s ue. ver he Unie St t Supr e Cour i I t d a es em t n qbal i ca ed t c t m a consde a ndi t hat ours y i r n 2A cli f fa uln mir p e e ttonha sx ee nt u e Ke t k lw:tl t a t am or rud e t se r s na i s i lme s nd r nuc y a ç ) h t he ( d ca a tma eamae ilrprs ntto t t plitf; 2)t tt i r p e e tto wa f s ( ) e lrn d tra e e e ain o he anif ( ha hs e r s n ain s ale; 3 t ttede lr n kn w ter p e e ttonwa f leorma ei rcke sy;( )t a ted clr n ha h caa t e h e r s na i s as d t e ls l 4 h t h e aa t i uc dt plitf t a tup t mir p e e tto ( t tt pan ifr le u nt e nd e he an if o c on he se r s na in; 5) ha he litf eid po h mirpee tto a ()ta t mirprsnai c u e ij r t t panif'FlglsI . se rsnain; nd 6 h the se ee tton a s d nuy o he litf. e e,nc ' v T u r Cop.28 S. . 5 5 ( 2 9) . r sev r s 9 W 3d 44, 49 Ky. 00 . 3B eca eCount I and V ar dim is asf t l i ufi ent t Cour need notanal us sV e s s ed ac ualy ns fci , he t yze whehert y we e pl w ih t pa i art t tCount r Def t he r ed t he rtcul iy ha e - endant ar wasr r d. s gue equie 8 çobvi ale natve e a ton.'556 U . a 682.Cl m s m a be aleged i t s ous t r i xpl na i ' S. t ai y l n he at na i Shoul t Court fnd t t a va i contac di not exi t be w e ler tve. d he i ha ld r t d s t en Count - ai if a Count - endant a c ai f pr i s y es oppelw oul erpl ntf nd erDef , l m or om s or t d pr de an equiabl pa h by whi t Cour c d ûnd f Count r pl ntf . ovi t e t ch he t oul or e - ai if Accor ngl CountV Ii pr l pl d and w ilnotbe dim i s di y, s opery e l s s ed. vi. i Abus ofPr e s( e oc s CountVl ) I The Count r ai aleges t t Count r D ef e cl m l ha e - endant H LS i pe m i sbl m r si y i ta ed t K ent ky sa e cour acton,s ng e or e of a non- pe e nii t he uc t t t i eeki nf cem nt com t agr m ent agai t Count r pl ntf ,kf a pur e ot r t t whi w as ee ns e - ai i f ûor pos he han hat ch i e nt nded by t l and t efor s t obt n a or fom t cour r ti tng he aw he f t o ai n der r he t es rc i c mpeiin ween lwf . Co tr l,! 7 .l pa t ulr Co trplitf o tto r ot a ul' unec . 9) n ri a , une- anif '( c aleges t t Count r D ef nda s i ta ed t ac i s t t a t r pary w oul l ha e - e nt nii t he ton o ha hid- t d t r n t hi e o nt (d.a ! 81 . e Ke t ky lw,ac am f a e of e mi a e s mpl yme . 1 t ) Und r n uc a li or bus pr sexit w he a i vi oces ss n n ndi dualus t l es he egals t ,whe herci lorcrm i , ysem t vi i nal agai t anot r prm a iy f a pur e f w hih i w as not desgned.S nt ns he i r l or pos or c t i pri Co ' Co,L. v Le t,3 S. .3 1 ,11 ( 2 1 .Thei r pe mmcn . P. . gget 07 W d 09 3 Ky. 0 0) mp o r pur es us l t pos ualy akes t f m of c r on or e orton.1 Count VI of t he or oe ci xt i d. I he Count r ai aleges t Count r D ef nda s m i us t l e cl m l hat e - e nt s ed he egals t m i s ng ys e n ui Count r pl ntf a t t t y di s t coer a nega i e pl ent a i e - ai if nd ha he d o o ce tve m oym cton. Taki t alega i as tue, whi h t Cour m us do a t s s age,t Cour ng he l tons r t hi t he t c he t t fnds t Count r pl ntf s ale ton pl usbl coul s i hat e - ai if l ga i a iy d uppor a ca e of a i t us cton 9 f abus ofpr es .A ccor ngl Count V1 i s fci l pl and w ilnotbe or e oc s di y, I s uf i enty ed l di n i s d. s As e vii Co m o La I m ni ato ( i. m n w nde nc i n CountVI 1 I) û cz mmon l w i e t i a e ia e r me y t t a ie ou of d o l a nd mniy s n qu tbl e d ha rs s t o i to i e t o h s ca rlto hi ll'Camp,Drs e & Mc e blgains mpos d hrug pe il eains ps.' esr Ke , I .v Pau ALHo r Co ,85 So. 1 2,1 7 ( a Dit Ct Ap 200 ) A nc . l wa d . 3 2d 07 07 F1. s. . p. 3 . pary pur ui a cl m f com m on l i t s ng ai or aw ndem nii aton m us e t bls t the i fc i t s a ih ha s wihout f tand t pa t aga ns whom he s ks i t aul he ry i t ee ndem niy w a atf t D ade t s aul. Cny.S h.#2 v Radi St in rTSW,7 1 So.2d 63 64 ( a 1 ) Th / c . o ato J 3 8, 2 Fl. 999 . e Count r ai f l t ale t t Count - ai if i w ihout f t Count r e cl m ais o l ge ha erpl ntf s t aul. ePl ntf ar e t ti w a unne s r f hi t pl l k off tbeca e ai ifs gum nt ha t s ces a y or m o ead ac aul us i he f f ound t have s f r d l e fom o uf e e oss s r Count - e er Def ndant s' m ir pr ent tons t n, Sby defnii he wilhave been f s e es a i he i i ton, l ound t be w ihout o t f ul, ( /38 p. )i b h cr ulra u valng.Ru e 8pl a i g sa a ds a t' DE / , 22 s ot ic a nd na ii ' l e d n tnd r r r t Count - ai ifalege t he i w ihoutf ul.A c di CountVl l equie hat er pl ntf l hat s t a t cor ng, l i dim i s as f t l i uf i nt s s s ed ac ualy ns fc e . i To to I e f r nc ( x. r i us nt r e e e CountI X) The Count r ai alege t t Count - e e cl m l s ha er Def ndant i e i l f l t s nt ntonaly ied he Kent ucky sat cour ac i w ih know l te t ton t edge of t e si r atons p bet ee he xitng el i hi w n Count - a ntf and a t r pary, Pe es Bank, w ih an i pr er pl i if hid t opl t m oper m otve t i o i efr a t tte itree ec usd ij r t teCo trpli if Co tr ntree nd ha h nefrnc a e n uy o h une- antf. uneD ef ndant m ove t di m i s Count I beca e i om is t word C i ' i e s o s s X us t t he l l d' n val 10 al gng t e itng busn s r lto hi ( un e c . ! 8 -93 .The s ma i le i he x si i e s eai ns p. Co tr l, ! 7 ) e ntc ditnc i as i perai t pl ng s a r i i i fca . M or s i ton, t t ns o eadi t nda ds, s ns gnii nt eover t , he Cour fnds t Count - ef nda s aler tve a gum ent t Count I i t i he erD e nt ' t na i r hat X s bared by ltgaton prvie r ii i i l ge ir eva on a m oton t dim i s Count r el nt i o s s; er Def nt a t k on CountI i be t runde s ood a an afi m a i def ns a enda s' tac X s te rt s fr tve e e nd t cannots rve t i pe i t s fcinc ofpl ngs. cc di y,CountI i hus e o m r l he ufi e y eadi A or ngl X s s fc e l pl a w ilnotbe dim is ufi i nty ed nd l s s ed. x. us Enrc nt( untX) Unj t i hme Co Li p o sor e tp l u j te rc me i a e tbl rme y.'ti ke r mis y so pe, nus n ih nt s n quia e e d s s l w el s tl t tt 1 w w ilnoti pl a contac whe e a e es contactexi t l eted ha he a l m y r t r n xpr s r ss c nc r ngtes mes be tmatr'Ko tn v Fr de is n,4 S 2d 1 1( a. o eni h a u j c te . va . e rk e 49 o. , F1 ' Dit Ct App.1 8 . n t a ve sy e a to t e Cou tha n ye dee mi e s. . 9 4) I he bo -t l d ci n, h r s ot t t r n d t valdiy of t cont a bet ee Count r pl ntf and Count r D ef nt . he i t he r ct w n e - ai if e - enda s A ccor ngl CountX wilnotbe di m i s di y, l s s ed. x . ve son ofFunds( i Con r i CountXI ) Count r D ef nda s ar e - e nt gue t t Count X 1 whi h a l ges t t Count ha , c le ha er houl s s ed Def nt c tnda s onve t d f r e unds due HLS' I e net D i son, s d be di m i s S nt r vi i bec e i f l t s f t a s ta pl n sat e oft cl m t r i a aus t ais o et orh hor nd ai t em nt he ai o elef nd beca e i i br us t s oughtde i tvey by Count - ai ifon behal ofH LS' I e net rva i l er pl ntf f S nt r Di ii ( cl nve son i a u u h i e a t wih d prve a t r o h s v son. ç o r i s n na t orz d c t e i s nohe f i g pr ry per ane l or f an i i t tm e.'M a v.Alen,973 So.2d 1257, ope t m nty or ndefnie i ' yo l 1 8 ( a Dit Ct App.2 ) The Co ntr li me t t sbu d n f pla i 25 Fl . s. . 008 . u e ca m es hi r e or e dng 11 conve son.Si fca l Pa agr ri gnii nty, r aphs 34-42 alege s cii act t tconsiut t l pe fc s ha tt e he al leged conver i The Cour a s fndsCount - ef s on. t lo i erD endant aler i ar ent s t natve gum i ufi e on a m oton t di m is.I alegi t thi c pens ton w as ted t ns fci nt i o s s n l ng ha s om ai i o t l e ne Di son' f he nt r t vii s unds Count r pl ntf haspl d a diec cl m ,r t rt n , e - ai if e r t ai a he ha a de i tvec am. e Ka tn v Woli 23 So.3d 8 9,8 ( a Dit Ct Ap rvai li Se re , tn, 3 40 Fl . s. . p. 2 9 (d n rly,as rhod rc n ts i t s rhode' na frij is 00 ) ' e al hae le a no ue n he hae l rs me o nure Ge t a cor a i unl s t r i a s ci dut be w ee t w r o por ton es he e s pe al y t n he ongdoe a t r nd he s rhol r a t s rh d rha s fr da ij y spaaea dsi tfo hae de, nd he hae ole s ufee n nur e r t nd itnc r m t ts f r d b ohe s r hol r .) Thus Cou XI i tki t f cs a tu , ha ufe e y t r ha e de s' . , nt , n a ng he a t s r e ' has bee br n oughton Count - ai ifsbe f A ccor ngl CountX Iw ilnotbe erpl ntf hal. di y, l di is sm s ed. xi. ur i n o Cor r t Busne sOppor unii s( untXl ) i Us pato f po a e i s t te Co l Count - endant a t ck on CountX l i t s e as on CountX I t t er Def s' ta I s he am : ha Co ntrpli ifb i hi cam d rvai l Fo t r a o j t dsuse , u e- antf rngs s li ei tvey. r he e s ns us ic s d Count - ef nda s l ga i i not a r nt f om t f oft pl di a erD e nt 'ale ton s ppa e r he ace he ea ng nd t hus di m i s of t s Count woul be i ppr i t on a m oton t dim i s s s al hi d na opr a e i o s s. Accor ngl CountX 1 wilnotbe dim i ed. di y, l l s ss xii Br ac o Dut o Go Faih and Fai De lng ( i. e h f y f od t r a i CountXl I I) U nde Fl i lw , e y cont a cont i an i pled covenant of good r orda a ver r ct a ns m i f t and f i dealng.Cent i Ai Car l v.Unie Par Ser Co. 420 aih ar i uron r go, nc. td cel v. , F.d 11 1 51( 1h Ci. 00 ) ( b e c oft i id c ve a ofgoo f ih 3 46, 1 1 t r 2 5 .k r a h he mple o n nt A d at a f r dea i i not an i nd ai lng s ndepe ndent c e of acton, but a t hes t t aus i tac o he 12 pe f m ance ofa s fc cont a ualoblga i ' 1 The dut dmus be a r or pecii r ct i ton. d. ' y i t nchor ed t t per or a o he f m nce of a expr s contac ual oblgaton.'Fl n es r t i i ' agshi Re p sortD ev. Cor v l e v 1 ' l . 28 So 3 91 9 ( a Dit Ct App.201 ) l t p. . ntr al nt/ ncs , . d 5, 24 F1 . s. . 0 . n he a bove- t ed a i t Count r ai aleges a l as 15 s fc br che oft syl cton, he e cl m l te t pecii ea s he c nrc bewe n Cou e- antf a d Co ntrDee da s Se ( unec. ! o ta t t e ntrpli if n u e- fn nt. e Co trl, 29 .The cams a e a c or d t e r s pr ii ns o t c n r c a d t a e ) li r n h e o xp e s ov so f he o ta t n hus r pr l pl d.A cc di y,CountX1 Iw ilnotbe dim ise opery e or ngl I l s s d. xi .Cont a t ll m ni a i ( untXI v r c ua nde sc ton Co V) $ n c es i vi contac ua i m niy,t t m s oft agr entwil $ as nvol ng l r t l nde t he er he eem l de er i w het t i t m ne her he ndem nior i oblga ed t r m bur e t i t s i t o ei s he ndemniee f a t or e se t 077.A s w ih com m on 1 t aw pa tcul r c a m .' Camp D r s rs 853 So. 2d a 1 ri a li ' i ndem nii ton,t cl m antm us be w ihoutf t See NatonalR. Pas enger fca i he ai t t aul. i R. s Cor v Ro nte T an po tan Rl n I c ,2 F.d 1 3, 1 0 ( 1h Ci. p. . u r e r s r d kgig, n . 86 3 23 26 1 t r 2 2)(iul de Flrdalw,o p ryh st i mniya he o y i t lte' 00 i n r o i a ne a t a o nde f not r nl f he atrq l la lt i f u d o t f me ' wr ngd ng,no on isown.) Fort s m e ibiiy s o nde n he or rs o oi t t '. ' he a r a o d s us e a ve i Pa t IlA.ii ( o ta t a i mnii ai n) t e s ns ic s d bo n r l. v i c n r c u l nde fc to , he e - ai if s t aul. Count cl i f l t e i il sat t Count r pl ntf i w ihout f t er a m ais o xplc ty t e hat A ccor ngl CountX 1 i dim is a f ualy i uf i ent di y, V s s s ed s act l ns fci . x Qui Ti t( v. a me CountXVI lcours of equiy m a ent ti a bil of qui tmet f t pur e of k t t y era n l a i or he pos prv ni apo sbl ftr ij y,a t rby q ei me smi sa ett. e e tng si e uu e nur nd hee uitng n' nd nd sae' ' J n o v Bak r 7 So.21 ,211 ( a 1 l ) a tme i a S qu tbl bil oh s n . e , 4 0 Fl . 9 7 .Qui i t s n l ia e l e 13 usd t g ad a ans posi e o pr s ci ij is' BLACK' LAW e o u r g i t sbl r o pe tve nure . ' S DI ONARY 1 ( t e 1 9) The Co t r l i al g st tCo e - an if CTI 56 7 h d. 99 . un e cam le e ha untrplitf i nii tsa fa sf tr ij y a ls e a rs toftecamsma ea i t û tcpae nd e r uu e nur nd o s s s e ul h li a d gans hi ' by Count - endant i t i t nt acton a t K e ucky s at c t m' er Def s n he ns a i nd he nt t e our a ton.I i not a entt t Cour t tCount r pl ntf nee pl CountXV ci t s ppar o he t ha e - ai if d ead wih any m or pari ul rt and Count - ef t e tc a iy, erD endant 'do notcie a aut iy f s t ny hort or t pr ii t the m us . cc di y,CountXV I w ilnotbe di m i s he oposton ha t A or ngl I l s s ed. x . s or m e ( un XVI vi Dig ge nt Co t ) d s o ge n s g r me t Di a e uia e rme y itnd d t prve unus n q tbl e d ne e o e nt j t e rc m e t' S. C.v.La r 478 F.App' 55 57 ( 1h Ci.201 ) ( ii n ih n . E. ' ue , x 0,5 1 t r 2 ctng Commodi Fu u e T a n Co ' v Si t,1 F. 1 3 11 ( 1h Ci. t t r s r dig mm n . do i 78 3d 1 2, 38 1 t r y 1 99) Ther me yi s bsdayt a u j te rc me tcam;ti n taspaae 9 ). e d s u iir o n nus n ih n li i s o e rt caus ofac i See K i M ount n Condom i um As ' v.G undl e ton. ng ai ni sn ach,425 So.2d 5 5 9 ( a.Dit Ct Ap 1 2) Co t rpli tf pl a digo g me ta a 69, 6 F1 s . . p. 98 . un e - an if e ds s r e n s s pa ae c u e o a to S bl c us Co tr li De e da s pr ie fo t e r t a s f ci n s e a e un e c am f n nt oftd r m he l bra he of fd ir duy d srb d heen ec s iucay t e cie ri ( unec. ! 1 ) Co trl, ( 27 . A ccor ngl CountXV 1i dim is asl l i ufl ent di y, s s s ed egaly ns tci . x iDe l at y Reif( untXVI ) vi. car or le Co I The f a D ec a a or J eder l l r t y udgm entA c per isditi tcourst Sdecl r t t m t sr c t o d a e he rght a ot l i s nd her egalr l tons of any i e esed pa t s ki s dec ar i ' eai nt r t ry ee ng uch l aton' whe a ç cua c n r ve s 'e ss 28U . C.j22 ( ) The S e Co r h s n n k t l o to ry' xit . a S. 01 a . upr me u t a hedt tS c to ry e sswhe ad caao yj g ntpli ifatmp st l ha i onr ve s xit no n e lrtr ud me antf te t o 14 o ti aprmaur r igo poe ta dee s st two dtpial bea j iae b an e t e uln n tnil fn e ha ul y c l y dudc td i a l t r a ualc r s ' M e m mune,I v.Genent I ,549 U , 118, n a e ct ontover y. dl ' nc. ech, nc. S. 1 9 ( 0 ) I t e a ve syld a ton,Co t rpli tf s e s a d ca a i t t 3 2 07 . n h bo -t e c i un e - a n if e k e lr ton ha Count - ef nda s w er t ûr t t m a eraly br h t contac be w ee t erD e nt e he s o t i l eac he r t t n he pari and,i doi s r eas d Count - ai i f fom a f t oblga i tes n ng o, el e er pl ntf r ny urher i tons. ( un e c .! 1 9) Be a ep i rbr a h i a s r ie a a a fr tvede e et Co tr l, 2 . c us ro e c s lo a s d s n fima i fns o t Com pl nt Count - ef nda s a gue t a ac ual c r s i l cki he ai , erD e nt r hat n t ontover y s a ng. Ho ve,smpl be a eac unecam plitf s e ad caao yj me to we r i y c us o tr li anif e ks e lrtr udg n n a is r e ntt an afim a i def ns i t count r def nts underyi n s ue el va o fr tve e e n he e - enda ' l ng cl m does not pr t l k of an ac ualcontove s See, e. , Yelow Pages ai ove he ac t r r y. g. l Pho o ,l c v Zl o al 1#,No.8:2 v-75 -T-26 t s n . . pl c , 1 -c 5 TBM ,201 W L 58 1 2,a 2 78 0 t #1 ( . Fl .No 20,201 ) ( vi (he c un e - antfl t e b nek o t M D. a v. 2 Gi ng t o trpli if h e f f he doubt t s Cour w ilpe m i t count cl m t s a i t eve a1 is r s , hi t l r t he er ai o t nd n he nt 1 s ues ai ed i t count r ai f de a a or r i ar not f l r ol by t com pl nt n he e cl m or cl r t y elef e uly es ved he ai a afr tved fns s' . c di l Co ntXVI wil tbeds se nd fimai ee e .)Ac or ngy, u ' I lno imis d. x i. tveDam a s( vii Punii ge CountXVI I I) Li di gor m e ,punii da age a e a r m edysnot a ca e of ac i ke s ge nt tve m s r e us ton. The S a o y be rc vee pu s n t a s tnie cam. Sfe v R. y û n nl c e o r d rua t o ubsa tv li ofr . J Re ds Tobac Co. N o.1 11 ynol co , D -3724,201 W L 5233477,at *7,- - So.3d - 2 - ( a. s. . F1 Dit Ct App. t 24, 2) Co trpli ifpla punii da ge a a Oc . 201 . un e - antf e ds tve ma s s s pa ae c us ofa to be a e S the a to oft Co nt r l i De e da s e r t a e c in c us s q c ins he u e c am f n nt l wer ca re out wiluly,w a onl w ih r kl s di r d t t rght oft e rid lf l nt y t ec e s s egar o he i s he 15 Count c ai Pl ntf . er l m ai if ( un e c . ! 1 ) Ac o d n y,Cou XVII i Co t r l, 32 . c r i gl nt I s dim is asl l i uf ent s s ed egaly ns sci . B. Shot Pl adi gun e ngs Addii l Count - enda s ale t t t Count r ai c tt es tonaly, er Def nt l ge ha he e cl m onsiut i pe m is bl m r si e ds gun dhot Pl ngr' eadi ' whi h c t s hi Cicui r t ha s a onihed' ltgant f em pl ng.Baie v.Jans n Phar ac i I ,288 dm s ' ii s or oyi ly se m eutca, nc. F.Ap x 5 6 2 ( 1h Ci.2 ) d t pi a s t u c ant c n ans p' 97, 0 1 t r 008 . ' y c l ho g n ompli o t i The nc por i ef r nce t alega i he l tons of is t s r count , ea one i or atng by r e e eve al s ch pr de e s r ,la i t ast to wh r mo toft c un s(.. a 1 tt fr t e c s o s e d ng o iuai n e e s he o t ie, l bu he is) cont i ir eva f t l alegatons and l a n r el nt ac ua l i egal concl i ' Statgi I us ons. r e c ncom e ' Fun ,L. . v S ar Le d & Kelgg Co p. 3 F.d 1 3,1 95 ( 1h Ci. d L C. . pe , e s lo r , 05 3 29 2 1 t r 2 2 . un e - f nd n s a k t tt Cou tc e Co t rpl itf t pr vi e 00 ) Co trDe e a t' s ha he r omp l un e - an if o o d a m or defnie s a em ent I hi Res e i t tt . n s pons $H i1concedes t ea Countoft e, ç 1 hat ch he Count r ai i or a es by r e ence t pror pa a aphs and t tpur uantt e cl m nc por t ef r he i r gr ha s o Andes n v DitBd.o Tr se so Ce . a.C?/.Colge 77F.d 36 3 ro . s. f u te f ntFl ?. le , 7p 3 4, 66 7 ( 1h Ci.1 6 , hi Co tc ul c m p lam o e d fniesae n i t f r 7 1 t r 99 ) t s ur o d o e r e i t tt me t n he o m of a Ame d Cou e cam . ( #38 p. 6) De pie Co t rpli ifs n nde ntr li ' DE ' , . s t , un e - antf c e i t t ont nton ha m or detnie sat e w oul ûaccom pls not ng of e i t t em nt d d ih hi s bsa e, (#.,heCo tfn t ti i war nt d. u tnc ' f ) t ' ur i ds ha t s ra e I .CONCLUSI V ON A cc di y,upon ca ef consde a i i i O RD ER ED ,A DJU D G ED , or ngl r ul i r ton, t s and D ECREED t t Count - e e nt ha erD f nda s'M oton t D i m i s Count r ai and i o s s e cl m 16 t Co laM o eDes t S ae e ( #3 be a i he e y,GRANTED i o mpe r tnie t tm nt DE 2) , nd s r b n par . Co t XVI a XVII o t Co tr li ( #20 p. 6 ) a e t un s nd I f he un e c am DE , -32 r DI I SM SSED wih prj c , Cou s I 1, 11 1 V, V11 a X1 ae t eudie nt s 1 1, V, 1, nd V r DI I SM SSED wihou prj c a d ma be r-ie i a c da e wih t s t t e udie n y efld n c or nc t hi Or ,f a pl ng s a r and applcabl cas l w .Count - ef der eder l eadi t nda ds i e e a erD endant ' s M oton i DENI i par ,as t Count Vl V I ,I sX ,X 1 X1 ,X1 I XV and i s ED n t o s , 1 X , 1 l, XV 1 ,whi ar pr ry pl d.For t r ai ng Count and f any Count 1 ch e ope l e he em ni s, or s dimis d wiho tprj die t tCo trplitf c s st r- e d Cou tr s se t u eu c ha une - anif hoo e o epla , nePl itf SHALL fl wihi t r y ( ) da o t s Or r a Am e e an if ie t n hit 30 ys f hi de n nd d Count r ai ,t e n pr di am or defnie s a em entand a di t f ual e cl m her i ovi ng e i t tt voi ng he act r edundanc es a r ttve i por tonst tconsiut s gun pl adi i t i nd epe ii ncor a i ha tt e hot e ngs n he Count r ai . e cl m D O NE and OR DERED i c m ber a t Ja es Lawr nce K i Feder n ha s t he m e ng al J tc Buidi a Unie St t Courhous M i m i Fl i dat d t s 22nd usi e l ng nd t d a es t e, a , orda, e hi da ofJ y anua y,2013. r J M ES LA W M N CE K I NG I TED STATES DI STRI J D GE CT SOUTH ERN DI STRI OF FLORI A CT D Cc: Couns l rPl ntf efo ai l Jus i A ngel tn o Gr nber Tr i ee g aur g 401Eas LasO l Bl t as vd. 2000 For La dal FL 33301 t uder e, 954- 0500 765- H ow ar D.DuBosar d The DuBos rLaw Gr a oup,P. . A 1 N . iia y Tr i 800 M lt r a l Suie470 t BocaRat FL 33431 on, 561- 8980 544- Coun efo De nda s l r fe nt Davi W .Hem m i d nger Lynch,Cox,Gim a & Goodm an,P. C. l n S. 500 W . ef e s Steet J f r on r Suie 21 t 00 Louivil K T 40202 s le, John D.C ox Lync Cox Gim a & Goodm a PSC h l n n 500 W J f r on Stee ef e s r t Suie 21 t 00 Louivil K Y 40202 s le, 502- 4215 589Rus el C or i W ei l I I s l nelus ge , I Rus el C W ei 1 IPA s l gel 1 5775 Bl La ue goon Drve i Suie 1 t 00 M i m i FL 33126 a , 786- 4567 888- 1 8
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