Rinker et al v. Carnival Corporation et al, No. 1:2009cv23154 - Document 285 (S.D. Fla. 2011)
Court Description: ORDER granting in part and denying in part 207 Motion for Summary Judgment. Signed by Judge Patricia A. Seitz on 12/21/11. (tp)
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Rinker et al v. Carnival Corporation et al Doc. 285 UN I ED STA TES D I T STR I T C O U RT C SOUTHERN DI STRI OF FLO RI CT DA CA SE N O . 231 Cl - TZ/ M ON TON 09. 54- V SEl S1 SANDRA U KER, Pl i if a ntf , V. CARNI VAL CORPOM TI e al ON, t . , D e e nt . f nda s / O RD ER G R AN TI G I PA RT A ND D EN YI G I PA R T CA R N I A L ' M O T I N FO R N N N N V S O SU M M A R Y JU D G M EN T THI M ATTER i be or t Cour on De e ntCar va Co por ton' M oton f S s f e he t f nda ni l r a i s i or S mmayJ d me t( 2 7 .Th sa to aie fo ij re s san db Plitf, a d a u r u g n DE- 0 ) i ci n rss r m nu is u ti e y anif S n r Ril r afe s de l d m e ngii a r Def nda Ca ni Cor ' s p a waspr ded rke , tr he veope ni ts boa d e nt r val p.s hi nd ovi wih media c r b t s p- r doc ora nur e . Pli ifssx coun Se ond Am e d t c l a e y he hi boa d t nd s s antf' i t c nde Co aitalgest e cli a i tDef ntCani Cor t r val ( )ne i nc ( 1 mpl n le hre ams gans enda r val p. cani l: 1 glge e; 2) a rntage yf t acsofSus La t s p' nure;a ( a rnta nc f t a t ppae nc or he t an w,he hi s s nd 3) ppae ge y or he cs o De e ntRa a f f nda m mbhaiPa e,t s p' d t . ca et r i no e de t tPl ntf t l he hi s ocor Be us he e s vi nce ha ai if d ti nal r le o a yrp e e tto sma eb Ca nv lt emoi f rs mmayj d me t erme t l eid n n e r sn ain d y r ia,h ton o u r u g n y i gr nt d a t bot a r nta ncycl ms s a e s o h ppa e ge ai .Them o i i as gr nt ast al ofPli ifs ton s lo a ed o l antf' ne i nc c ai se e f rPl i i f sneglgenc c a m ba e on Car va ' f iur t tm el glge e l m xc pt o a ntf i e li sd ni l s a l e o i y e uae Pli tf fom t s p. vac t a n if r he hi l c ' rhe ount ar a t ly num be ed 1 1 1 a I ,r pe tvel Fo s e unknow n r as s e c ua l r , 1 , nd V es c i y. r om e on, a des t t po e ilf c uson,Pli iff l t r num be t c mt whe s fl her nd pie he t nta or onf i a ntf aied o e r he ot s n he ied Se ond A m e c nded Com pl nt ai . Dockets.Justia.com 1. M at alFact eri sz Pl i ifa he hus antf nd r bandwe epa s nge sa r Cmmi lss p Spii,i Nove r r s e r boa d va ' hi rt n mbe 2008, n s be m eilon t ls ni toft c uie.Pl i ifs ug team e i t s p' whe he ca l he a t gh he r s antf o ht r t nt n he hi s i ima y. Uli t l Pl i ifwast ke fom t s p by a b a t ahos t lwhe e s nfr r tma ey, antf a n r he hi m ulnce o pia r he wa dignos d wih me ngii , ctr a a oseo yeii.Asa r s tofhe il s Pli if s a e t ni ts ba e emi , nd t m lts e ul r lnes , antf wa lf pr o y de fa unde we tc hla i a si bot e r Pl ntf wa a s l t s e t of undl a nd r n oc e r mpl nt n h a s. ai if s lo ef wih ne r ogialpr em swhih m a he una et sa orwak w ihouta ssa e. t u ol c obl c ke r bl o t nd l t s it nc Cons que l Pl i ifhass d Ca ni lf neglge a f t ne i nce oft s p' e nty, a ntf ue r va or i nce nd or he glge he hi s ntr ea s p' doc o unde at y ofa r nta nc ls nd hi s t r r heor ppa e ge y. Pl n f ' Il esa d T e t n I// Ab a d teS rt ait fs ln s n r ame t1: e o r h pii 'ï Bewe 2 a 2: am . t l tnihtoft c us Pl i ifa t en nd 30 . on he as g he r ie, antf wokewih at ni e t e bl he dac (.Ri De 321:5- 1) Shorl afe,Pli ifshus ndcaldt Pu srs a he. J nker p. 1 22:. ty tr antf ba le he re ' ofiea rquesedt tt docorc t t c nt l a Pli if (d.a 24: 1 ) The fc nd e t ha he t ome o he abi o ook t antf. 1 t 8- 3. Pur e ' ofi e c s rs fc onne t d Pl i ifshus nd t t i im a y a t i im a y i tuc e c e antf ba o he nfr r nd he nfr r nsr t d Pli ifa he hus ndt c t t i i l (d a 24:4- ) Ho r t nurea t antf nd r ba o ome o he nfnnay. 1 t 1 25. weve,he s t he i im a y frti tuc e Pli ift tke s eTyl nol whih Pl i ifshus nd obt i d fom nfr r is nsr t d a ntf o a om e , c antf ' ba ane r t Purersofi e.f a 25: 26:9. W he t Tyl di nothep,Plitf shus nd he s ' tc (#. t 24- 1 ) n he enol d l anif ba cal t i im a y a i a ot 3: 5 a. . a as d f t doc o t c et t Ri r led he nfr r gan, r md 1 m , nd ke or he t r o om o he nke s' 2 f t not be ow a e t ke f o t pa te 'r pec i undi put d sat m e sof The ac s ed l r a n r m he ri s es tve s e t e nt f t ,DEac s 207, 2- a D Epp. 7 nd 246,pp. 21 unl sot r s not The Cour hasco i r d 6- , es he wi e ed. t ns de e t f c si t lghtm os f vor bl t Pl i if he a t n he i t a a e o a ntf . 3 . Ri rD e r e st t de ii ofJa e Ri ,Pl i i fs hus nd, i e a D EJ nke p. ef r o he poston m s nker a nt f ba t l d t 2462. 2 c bi (d a 27: 15. Thenurei or dPli ifshus ndt tt docorwoul notcome a n. 1 t 5- ) s nf me antf ba ha he t d t t c bi f t ss 'oft ng a t tPl ntf s ul c et t i im ay. (d.a 27:6o he a n or hi ol hi nd ha ai if ho d om o he nfr r 1 t 1 t 20. Pli ifandhe hus ndwe t t i i yandarvedar 3: a. (t a 27: ) antf r ba nt o he nfnnar ri ound 30 m.1L t 21 2 1) Ont ewa t t eifr r , anifb c medz ya dl t e b ln ea d i t e 8:. h y o h n imay Pli t e a iz n os h r aa c n ,n h f i imay,Pli ifa rdco us whe t nuretidt s kwihher (d.a 28: 1 nfr r antf ppeae nf ed n he s re o pea t . 1 t 9- 6; 3117. At h i fr r ,h n reg v Plitf a ij cinf rp i Net e Plitf no he :- ) t e n may t e u s a e an if n n e to o an. ih r an if r r h b n o j ce t t ij ci n. (d a 3 :5. Afe r c i n teij ci n Plitf us a d be td o he n e to 1 . t 12 ) tr e evig h ne to , an if vomied. (d.a 65: 24- 2. t 1 t 64: 65: ) Ata oxi t l 5: a. .Pl ntf a he hus nd l f t i ima yt r t n t t i ppr ma ey 00 m , ai if nd r ba et he nfr r o eur o her c bi (d.a 38: 1 ) W he Pli iflf t i imay,henuret dPl ntf t ts di not a n. 1 t 8- 2. n antf e the nfr r t s ol ai if ha he d ne d t s adoc oral t ti he c tonedwor e e o ee t ld ha f r ondii s ned,s coul go t o oft l l he d o ne he oca hos t safe t s pwa i por. (d a 39:- ) Pl ntf wasnoti tuce t rt nt t pial tr he hi s n t I t 16. ai if 4 nsr td o eur o he i imay. (d.at63: 1 )I or rt ge Pli ifba kt t i c bi Pl ntf hus nd nfr r 1 5-2. n de o t antf c o her a n, ai irs ba bo nowe awhee c i fom t i imar (d a 40: 7. Ahe Pli ifrt ne t t ca n, d l har r he nfr y. 1 t 3- ) r antf eur d o he bi s beg n vomii (d.a 42:0- ) Pli ifspai as itnsfe s wasdiore ed,a he a tng. 1 t 1 18. antf n lo ne i d, he s int nd s wa a tngc usd. (d.a 42:0- 1. he s ci onf e 1 t 1 1 ) Ata oxi t l 8: a. .Pl ntf shus nd c le t Pur e ' ofi ea t dt m ppr ma ey 00 m , ai if ba al d he s r s fc nd ol he t tPli tf wa i s ver pa n,s ha be n vom ii s wa diore e a s ne ded ha a n if s n e e i he d e tng, he s s int d, nd he e paa di anda a a t tkehe t ahos tl (#.a 42: 437. ThePure ' ofie rme cs n mbulnce o a r o pia. f t 24- ) s rs fc t dPli ifshus ol antf bandt tar ques f a a ha e t or n mbul nc woul ha t bem a t ough t a e d ve o de hr he V hes p a rve i t Po tofSa Di go,Calf ni a ound 7: a. . Sa Digo i t hi ri d n he r n e ior a r 00 m n e s he s p' hom epor . hi s t i imay. (d a 43:2- 6. Pli ifshus ndt c a t t i imayt rqueta nfr r 1 t 1 1 ) antf ba hen ontced he nfr r o e s n a b a a t r s t t docorc m ulnce nd o eque t hat he t omet t ca n t te Pl ntf . (d. t43:8o he bi o r at ai if 1 a 1 25; 44:9- ) Pli ifshus ndwa i or dt tt docorwo dnotc t t c bi a t t 1 2. antf ba s nf me ha he t ul ome o ht a n nd ha Pli ifwo d ha t c eba k t t i im a y. (d a 4 3 5) Plitf h s n antf ul ve o om c o he nfr r 1 . t 5:- . an ifs u ba d i o me t i sm a yt thewo d nee hep g ti Pl i ifbac t e (d. t45:2- 4. nf r d he ntr r ha ul d l e tng antf k her . 1 a 1 1 ) Thei m a ydie t d Pl n ifshus nd t t Pur e so fc f hep. (d a 451 - 7) nfr r r c e aitf ba o he s r' fi e or l 1 . t :5 1 . Pli ifshus ndt n cal d t Pur e ' ofi a r ue t d hel getng he t t i im a y. antf ba he le he s rs fce nd eq se p ti r o he nfr r (#.a 46: 1 ) Afe t mor phonecal t t Pure ' ofiera a oxi tl a hour f t 9- 6. tr wo e ls o he s rs fc nd ppr maey n a trPli if shus nd Gr tc le f a a bulnc hewasfnal a et obt n awhe c i fe a ntf ba s a ld or n m a e, i ly bl o ai el ha r a hel getng Pli ifi t whe c i a down t t i im a y. Ld. t46:8- 25. nd p ti a ntf n he el har nd o he nfr r l a 1 49: ) Upo a rva a t i ima y, aitf shus nd e a ne t thew a t onewho ha n r i l t he nfr r Pl n if ba xpli d ha s he d rquesedt pa a disa a a e.(d.a 51: 9. I t i imay,Pli ifa her e t he r me c nd mbulnc I t 6- ) n he nfr r antf nd hus sw t doco whobeg n a ki quetonsa tPlitf scondii (d.a 5 3- 4. band a he tr a s ng si bou anif ton. I t 4: 1 ) Ats mep it Plitf wa gv na t e ij cin. (d a 5 1 23) W h l Plitf wa i o on , an if s ie noh r n e to 1 . t 6:9- . ie an if s n t i imay,s be nhavi adifc ttmehe i (d a 58: - 59: 22. Ar he nfr r he ga ng fiul i arng. 1 t 2123; 6- ) ound 11: a. .mor t n t ho sa trPl ntf a he hus nd ha r t nedt t i im a y, 30 m , e ha wo ur fe ai if nd r ba d e ur o he nfr r paa disarve i t i imayt ge Pli if (d.a 56:- ) W he t paa di rme c ri d n he nfr r o t antf. 1 t 14. n he rme cs arve Pli ifwa no r ponsvet t i queto . (d.a 68: 17. Pli ifwas ri d, antf s t es i o her sins 1 t 13- ) antf ta pore t ahos t lwhe e s w a di g ed wih m e ngts ba e emi ,a r ns td o pia r he s a nos t ni ii, ctr a nd ose t omye ii .Asar ul ofhe il s ,Pli ifwa r nde ed p of undl de a s f r fo lts es t r lne s antf s e r r o y af nd ufe s r m sve ene ol c lpr e t tma he una et wakorsa wihouta ssa e r ur ogia oblms ha ke r bl o l tnd t s itnce.(. J Ri rAf. t! ) W hiePli ifwasnoteva uae fom t s puntlhour a tria rve i nke f a 4. l antf c td r he hi i s fe t ri d n 4 por,t ot rpa s r we ee uaed fo t s p f rm ed c lr s a a oxi t l t wo he s enge s r vac t r m he hi o i a ea ons t ppr ma ey 7:5a. ( antf sEx.9. 1 m. Pli if ) Ca nv 'Re e e tto st Pli f n He Hu b n r ial pr s na in o antfa d r s a d s Prort b r ng Pli ifr eved t t r sa c tonsofhe Tike Contac . i o oa di antf ec i he e m nd ondii r c t r t ( meoAf a ! . W hi Plitf ds ue ta s ewa p o ie wi t tr a d Ro r Es t 6) l anif ip ts h t h s r vd d t he ems n e h condiins s to , omeo onbe fofPli it c ee herboo ngonlnea ac owl ed ne, hal antfl ompltd ki i nd kn edg Plitf a c p a c o tetr a dc n ii n .( meoAE a ! . Th tr a d an ifs c e tn e f h ems n o d to s Ro r t 7) e ems n condii oft Ti ke Contac con an t f l ng lnguage: tons he c t r t t i he olowi a TI CKET CON TRA CT I PORTAN T N O TI TO G UESTS TH I D O CU M EN T I A LEG ALLY BI I G M CE S S ND N CONTM CT I SSUED BY CARNI VAL CRUI LW ES TOn SE AND ACCEPTED BY, GUEST SUBJ ECT TO THE I PORTANT TERM S AN D CON DI ONS APPEARI M TI NG BELOW .NOTI THE ATTENTI OF GUEST I ESPECI CE: ON S ALLY DI RECTED TO CL ITAES1$ON THE TI H TS OFIWESTS TO A SSERT I ORT A GA I ST AUSTION S AND 1 RHROUGH GU HI CONTAW CLAIM SANT N , 0 G 3 CH MP LI M CAR OTHERS,I S LNEY THEVESELECTION,ARBI AND E LOYEVER NI CRUIE I NU FORUM S EL T I AGE TM TION MP W AI , VAL NCLUDI S , HER NTS ES AND AND OF J URY TRI FOR CERTAI CLAI S. AL N M **# 1 I 0. NDEPENDEN T CONTM CTORS,SHORE EXCURSI S AND OTHER ON SERV I CES ()Gue tac a s knowldgest talShor e uri /our ( t rc e ha l e xc sonst s whehe onduce i t wae, td n he tr onlndorb ai) ailnetiht a goundta porai aswelast s p' a y r, ri lg s nd r rns tton, l he hi s physc a a on boa d c es i ... r et rope a e by ora e i pe nt ii n, nd r onc sons a e ihe rtd r nde nde c r c or . Eve t ug Cani s lbe e il d t colec a f eand e l apr i fom onta t s n ho h r val hal ntte o l t e a' n oft r t tcke i ors l ofs h s r c sby s pe s o e ii ,Ca ni lnet r he i tng ae uc e vi e uch r ons r nttes r va ihe s r i e norcontol t i a tons norm a sa r pr s nt ton eihe expr so upe v s s r s her c i , ke ny e e e a i t r es r i id ast t i s t biiy. r va ,i a r ngi f t s r c cal d f byt mple o her uia lt Ca ni l n ra ng or he e vies le or he physc a ornur e ... ii n s doess onl a ac o y s onveninc f t Gue ta Guessa ef e t e e or he s nd t r re o us orno us t s s r c s.Gue ta ee t tCa ni a s m esno r po i lt doe e t e he e e vie s gr s ha r val s u es nsbiiy, s notg r nt pe f r a eand i no eve s l bela ef a neglge ori e i l ua a ee r o m nc n nt ha l ibl or ny i nt nt ntona a t o o s in ,o s d ma e ij r . .nc n cinwi s i s r ie . ssus cs r miso s ls, a g ,nu y . i o ne to t ad e vc s Guet e h s e o Af . ef r t t Afi vi ofM a i Rom e o,acli sr pr e a i i Rom r f r e s o he fda t ro r am e es nt tve n Ca ni ls Los Pr ven i D e pr m e ,fl a D E-207- . r va ' s e ton a t nt ied t 1 5 t s r c s ofa li pe ntc r t r a t Gues ' s e r s I pe ent he e vi e 1 nde nde ontac o s t he t s ol i k. nde nd c r cor a e e il t m a apr rc r ef ranys r i epe f med wih r s c t onta t s r ntted o kt ope ha g o e v c ror t e pe t o a G ues t. ( Rome oAf.Ex.1) W hiePl ntf di no co eet onlnebooki s di r evea r f, . l ai if d t mplt he i ng, he d ec i pa ke ofi or tona t c uie, c s û anc t ough.'( ai ifDe 61 3- 6. c t nf mai bout he r s whih he s ed hr ' Pl ntf p. 05: 1 ) gl Pli ifr m e r r di t tt s p ha m e ca s r c onboa d butdoe notr m be antf e mbe s ea ng ha he hi d di l e vi es r s eme r wha ot i or ton abou t me c ls r c we e i l d i t pa tofi onna i t her nf ma i t he di a e vies r ncude n he cke nf ton. (d a 1 3- ) 1 t 06: 20. Onceonboa d t s p,on t s ond ni oft c uie Pli ifa he hus nd r he hi he ec ght he r s , antf nd r ba aknde t Ca an' Pary.(. nke Af.a :7. t Ca ai sPat t Ca ai t d he pti s t J Ri r f t )At he pt n' ry,he pt n ito u e t es i so fc r,n l dn tes i sd co , . ae.(d a ! - . Dr Pae nr d c d h hp' fies icu ig h hp' o t r Dr P t l 1 t 57 8) . tl wor t s meunior ands Cani lnametga t ot rs p' ofies.(d.a :8. e he a fm ame r va a s he he hi s fc r 1 t ) W he Pl ntf a he hus nd we t t i im a y, . t a Nur eDonne we e n ai if nd r ba nt o he nfr r Dr Pael nd s hl r we rngt s m eunionn a na et asPl n ifand he hus nd had s e ot rofi er a i he a f nd m ags aitf r ba e n he fc s we rn dui gt ec us .1 a :1 . Att ifr r , an ifa he h s a das o e v d a ig rn h r ie (d t 1) he n imay Plitf nd r u b n lo bsr e Nu s La we rn tes mena tga teoh rs i so fc r. (#. t 3) I teifr r , re w a ig h a me a s h t e hp' fies f a !1 . n h n imay Pli ifshus nd wa gi n af r t tl outwhih ha t Ca i ll on i a s i I S a ntf ba s ve o m o il c d he m va ogo t nd a d S M Ca ia S ii -M e ia De rme t' (# a : 3) Th f nn whc Plitf sh b n fl d m v l prt dc l pat n . f . t 1 . e o , ih anif us a d il ' e outand Pl i ifs gne s a e 1 A UTH ORI M ED I a ntf i d, t t d,$ l ZE CAL TREA TM EN T AN D FOR A LL EXPENSESTO BE CHARGES TO MY SAI & SI ACCOUNT. (2) TheSai a Sin L GN ' f ' l nd g a co wa a a ountPl ntf a he hus nd had e t bls d wih Ca ni l c unt s n cc ai if nd r ba sa ihe t r va . N ow he e on t f m ,i t i im a y, el e he e on t s p w e e t r i ca i t tt r he or n he nfr r or s w r he hi r he e ndi tons ha he T l ntf De r e st t de ii ofPli if fld a 1 246- 246- a 2 8. ai if p. ef r o he poston antf, ie t 3E- 6, 7, nd 466 s p' me ca saf weei pe ntofCa ni l (d a ! 2-4,1 ) Asar ul,Pl ntf hi s di l t f r nde nde r va. 1 t 51 1 7. es t ai if a dh rh b n b l ve ta tes i sme ia sa f r e l y e o Cania. (d a !1 . n e us a d ei d h t h hp' dc l tf wee mp o e s f r v l 1 . t 8) e Ac r ng t Pl ntf hus nd,i heha known t t s p' media sa fwa co di o ai ifs ba f d hat he hi s c l tf s i pende ofCa ni l he i oul ha go t a hol oft s p' Ca a n a w oul ha nde nt r va , s d ve ten w d he hi s pt i nd d ve rq e tdh m t g t wieof o t s p' (d a ! 9 J Rik rDe a 23 : - . e u se i o e my f f f he hi. 1 . t 1 ; . n e p. t 5614) ' Ho ver Pl i ifshus nd a s t tfedt thewoul ha t ke hi wiet t i i y we , antf ba lo esii ha d ve a n s f o he nfnuar r ga dl sofwhehe o nothekne t t media sa fwe eno Ca ni le pl yee b aus e r es t r r w hat he c l t f r t r va m o s ec e hi wiene edte ment (.Ri rDe a 20 1 1 )Pli ifshus ndt he t t s f ed rat . J nke p. t 2:0- 5. antf ba ook r o he i imays eybe us Pli ifnee dme c cae (d a 228: 1 229: 230: 1 238: nfr r oll ca e antf de dial r. 1 t 9- 4; 20- 1 ; 31) 9. Ca nia 'HiigPr c s f rteS7 'Me c l '. ' r v ls rn o es o h /r s dia 5 1/ f /J W hen Ca ni hie m e ca pe s r val r s di l r onnel i unde tkesa i tga i i o t ,t ra n nvesi ton nt he qualfc tonsoft medi lpe s lt de e mi i t y a eftt s veonboa d Car va ' ii ai he ca r onne o t r ne f he r i o er r ni ls s is ( a b ryAf.a ! . Aspat fta p o e s Ca va c nfr t t a ha pl a t a hp . Br d er f t 6) 7 r o h t r c s, mi l o ims ha e c p i n h s c an a tvemedi llc ns Ca ni li er e e c a ia r ga di t i qua ii to a ci ca i e e, r va nt viws a h pplc nt e r ng her lfcai ns nd t i i e pe s ls ls a Ca i lr quiesea h a iantt pr de t e pr e sona her nt r r ona kil, nd m va e r c pplc o ovi hr e of s i l r e e eswhihar veiidbyCani lsmedialde t nt (d) Ast t me c saf efr nc c e rfe r va' c parme . 1 o he dial tf i ve i Pl i ifste me ,Dr Patlwaslc ed i Sout Afia,Nure La wa lce ed nvol d n antf r at nt . e iens n h rc s w s i ns i Ausr l , n Nu s Do me l slc n e i S uh Afia (d a ! . Cn av l lov rfe n tai a d re r h wa ie s d n o t rc . 1 t 7) n ia as eiid a t rfr e pr de b Pae, w, ndDor hl (d) Durng Car valsquaii to he eeenc s ovi d y tlLa a me . I i ni ' lfcain 7 a ry Af.r f r t t a fda tofJ m Br ny, . ,Ca ni lsM e c l Br dbe r f e e s o he fi vi ol adbe M D. r va ' dia Di e t , hi h i fl d a D E- 5. r c or w c s i e t 207- pr es , hi w a l r d t tw oul i c t t tPa e , w ,orDonne w e e notqualfed oc s not ng s ea ne ha d ndi a e ha t l La hl r ii t s r eo b a daCanva s i (d a ! . o ev n o r r i l hp. 1 t 8) I . Sum m ar Judgm e St I y nt andar d S mmayj dg n i a p o raewh nlhepe dn s. .ho t a teei nog n ie u r u me t s p r p it e s la ig . s w h t h r s e un t is ea t a ymaeil a t n t a t emo i gpa t i e tte t a u g n a amatrof su s o n tra f c a d h t h v n ry s n ild o j d me t s te lw. An ro v Ldlr fo b , n .47 U. 2 2 2 7( 9 6 ; a ' des n . l r b y I c, 7 S. 4 , 4 1 8 ) HCA He t S rs o , n . ' py al e v . fGa.I c h v.Emplyer He t I s Co, F. 98 991( 1hCi. ) Onc t mo ngpa t o s alh n . .240 3d 2, 1 t r 2001. e he vi ry de monsr t st abs nc ofa g ui i s ofm a e ilf c ,t no m ovi pa t mus S ta e he e e en ne s ue t ra a t he nng ry tt come f wa d wih Spectcf c ss or r t s is a t howi t tt r i age nei s f ti .' M at s t El . ng ha he e s nui s ue or ral'' su hia ec l s Co.v ZenihRa oCor ,475U. 574,587( 98 ( i Fe R.Ci P.56().The ndu . . t di p. S. 1 6) quotng d. v. e) Co tmus vi t r cor a a1 f c ua i e e e t r r i t lghtm os f vor bl t t ur t ew he e d nd l a t l nf r nc s he efom n he i t a a e o he no m ovi pa t a de i whehe dt e de epr e sa s fcentdiag ee nng ry nd c de t r t he vi nc es nt ufi i ç s r mentt o r q ies b sint aj yo wh t e i i s o e sd dta o ep rymu t rval samatr e ur u miso o ur r eh r t s o n -i e h t n a t s p e i a t e of1w.' 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S. - ) I o p sn amoinf rs mmayj d me t ten n- vn p ryma n trl s ll n p o ig to o u r u g n ,h o mo ig a t y o ey oey on t pl di ,butm us s he ea ngs t how by a tdav t,de ii ,a we st i e r t is a fi is postons ns r o nt rogaore , nd admisonst ts ii f c se s de onsr tng age nei s f til Se Fed.R.Ci P. s i ha pectc a t xit m ta i nui s ue or ra . e v. 5 () () s eas Ceoe Cop. . tet47 U. 31 , 24( 9 6 .A meeS cn il'of 6 c , e; e lo ltx r v Car t 7 S. 7 3 1 8 ) , r E itla' s evi nc s ppori t opposngpa t sposto wilnots fc i t d,t r mus b a de e u tng he i ry' ii n l uf e; nsea he e te s fiin s o n t thej r c u dr a o a l fndf rt a pat.An e s n, 7U.. t 2; u fce t h wig ha t u y o l e s n by i o h t ry d r o 47 S a 25 se alo Wale v Dary 911F. 1 1 ( 1hCi.1 . e s kr . b 2d 573, 577 1 t r 990) 8 11 Di si 1. scus on Canv l ve f rs mmayj d me to al li a ans i.Cania s e ss mmay r ia mo s o u r u g n n 1 cams g i tt r v l e k u r j d me to t en gie c c u t ag igta Plitf ha ete fie t prs n e ie c t u g n n h e l n e o n , r un h t anif s i r ald o e e t vd n e o g h s uppor t c am o f ie t esa ih t tCa ni ha adut t Pli if Addii l t he l i r a ld o t bls ha r val d y o a ntf . tonaly, Ca ni la g t tPli ifha f l dt esabls ca ai n f an oft ne i nc cli s r va r ues ha a ntf s aie o t ih us to or y he glge e am . 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A. 9 camsh v b e a a d n d. s eCo iinf rt Ab lto o rj a aPr h bto v Ci li a e e n b n o e g e al o o he o iin fMa tu n o i iin . t t y o lna, 9F.d 1 01 1 2 ( 1h Ci. 0 0 a dc s sctdt e en.Ac o dn l, u r fAta t 21 3 3 , 3 6 1 t r 2 0 ) n a e i h r i c r igy s mma y e j d me ti a p o raeo te ecams Ast t erman n cams Cania ag e ta u g n s p r p it n h s li . o h e ii g li , r v l r u s h t Pli ifca antf nnotesabls t tCn ni lbr a hed a dut t he and,e n i i di Pl i if t ih ha r va e c ny y o r ve f t d, antf c nnote t bls c us ton. a sa i h a a i Ne l n eBa e o Fai r t TmeyEv c a ePl it g i c s d n l e o i l a u t an t ge u Canv l r u st ti i e tte t s mmayj d me to Pli tf scam, e o ti r ia ag e ha t s n i d o u r u g n n anif li s t u n l paa a 20()o t Se ndAmende Compli ,t tCani lwa ne i nti f lngt rgrph a f he co d ant ha r va s glge n aii o tm ey e uae Pli if r va as e t t toncePli ifplc he s l i t c r oft i l vac t antf.Ca ni l s rs ha a ntf a ed r ef n he a e he s p' medialpe s me ,Ca ni di no ha t a hort t ove r et doct ' de i i hi s c r or l r val d t ve he ut iy o rul he ors c son a t r i no e de et tt docorr omm e d t tPl i ifbee c t d a y ea le t n nd he e s vi nc ha he t ec nde ha antf va uae n ri r ha s wa Ho ve ,a 8: a. . n Pl i ifshus nd e i il a ke t s p' Pur e t he s. we r t 00 m whe antf ba xplcty s d he hi s s r o ha Pli ifeva ua e Pl ntf wasnoti t c r oft s p' me c pe s ve antf c t d, ai if n he a e he hi s dial r onnel Pli if . antf hadbe n r e s d fom t i c r du i t ni hta onl r - n er d t rca ea trt Pur e , e ela e r he r a e rng he g nd y e e t e hei r fe he s r i t a ofcalng a a nse d li n mbulnce r f re Pl i ift t s p' medialpe s a , e e r d antf o he hi s c r onnel Thus . , Pli ifar uest tCa ni br ac d isS ut t e r ier a ona ec r t f r s s h ad a ntf g ha r val e he t l y o xe c s e s bl a e o u nih uc i d a as itnc asor na iy pr de pe s woul r runde sm ia c r um sa es' Se nd ssa e di rl u nt r ons d ende r i l r ic t nc . e ' g n i Pl ntf ha nota ndone t s c am s t ei no e de et s Eve f ai if s ba d he e l i ,her s vi nc o uppor t m or t he no dut t tCa ni lowe The ei no e de e i t r c d t tCar vala i se e a y ha r va d. r s vi nc n he e or ha ni dm nit r d ny me iain t Plitf, salg di paa rp 2 ( noe ie c t theme ia sa f r e dc to s o anif a le e n rg a h 0 9; vd n e ha t dc l tf wo k d unras bl hour,a ale di paa a 20h) a noe de et tCani lf l t e ona e s s lge n rgrph ( ; nd vi nc ha r va aied o pr deandmaiti a a uaes p' me ca f clt a ale i pa a a 20( .Cani l ovi nan n deq t hi s di l a iiy, s lged n r grph g) r va di nothave a dut t pr de pr p , ope and a qua e m e ca ca e, a l ge i par gr ph d y o ovi om t pr r de t di l r as le d n a a 2 ( ) Th s e e i Plitf h sn t b n o e t e ecams s mmayj dg n wo l be 0 b . u , v n f an if a o a a d n d h s li , u r u me t ud a opra e. ppr i t Bar tav SSBemu St ,8 F. 1 1 ( h Ci.1 . bet . / r da ar 48 2d 364, 371 5t r 988) Ca ni rle o Wa t v Oc aCr s s l .2O11W L 465340,*3( D.Fl Fe r val eis n jnsat . eani uie, nc, S. a. b. 4,2011,ort pr ii t tonc Pli ifplce he sl i t c r ofCani lsme c )f he oposton ha e antf a d ref n he a e r va' dial sa f t s p' mase c d nothav ma a i pe ntde ii t eva uat Pl i if tf, he hi s t r oul e de n nde nde c son o c e antf be a ea s p' m a trdoesnotha t a ho iy t overul a s p' doc o ' m e ca c us hi s se ve he ut rt o r e hi s t rs di l de ii .Howe r i Wa satt c ts cii lynotdt neihe t Pl ntf norhi csons ve,n jn t he our pe fcal e hat t r he ai if s docorr quese t Pl ntf bee ua e e rirt n Pli ifwase c e Tha i nott t e td hat ai if vac t d a le ha a ntf va uatd. t s he c eher Pli ifshus nd e iil r quese t tPl ntf be e cua e hour be or s as e. antf ' ba xplc ty e t d ha ai if va t d s f e he wa ac u l e ua e s t aly vac t d.Furhe m o e a t tme Pli ifshus t r r , t he i antf band r quese t n e t d he mbul nc a a e t 82 a. . i woul a a t tPl i ifwa no l runde t c eoft medialsaf; 00 m , t d ppe r ha antf s onge r he ar he c tf Pli ifhad be n s ntba k t he c i a a o m ael 5: a. .a t r i no e de t antf e e c o r abn t ppr xi t y 00 m nd he e s vi nce hat s wa i tuc e t r t n t t i imay orot r s f l up wih t m e ca s a f Thus he s nsr t d o e ur o he nfr l he wie olowt he di l t f. , Wan t i n ta pl a l.Th s t eq e to o fc f rtej r t d tr n i wh t e te j sats o p i be u ,h u sin f a t o h u y o eemi e s eh r h c Pur e ' r pons t Pli ifshus nd' r ue tf a a bulnc co tt e Sr a ona ec r s rs es e o antf ba s eq s or n m a e nsiutd çe s bl a e t f nih s a da a ssa a or na iy pr ntpe s woul r nderunde sm ia o ur s uch i nd s it nce s di rl ude r ons d e r i lr cic sa es' Cons nty,her i a g nui i s ofm a e i f c a t whe he Ca ni ls r um t nc . ' eque l t e s e ne s ue t ral a t s o t r r va ' f iur t c al e o ompl wih Pl ntf' hus nd' r y t ai if s ba s eques f eva ua i wa r s bl u rt t or c ton s ea ona e nde he cic sa es es i l gi n t tt ot rpa s nge swe eeva ua e f m e ca r a ons r um t nc , pecaly ve ha wo he s e r r c t d or di l e s s tyafe t s p a rve i por. horl tr he hi ri d n t J Ne l n Hiig, gl n eBa e o Ca nv ' Fal r t No? . g i t rn Ne i c s d n r ials iu e o t ge ge Pa s n r t a teS i 'Doco sa dNu s sWe eNo Prpe l Qu l 4 a d se ge s h th hp s tr n r e r t o ry a se n Ne i n Rein eo teM e ia O nin o nI o ry Qu l dShp ' gl t l c n h d c l pi o s fa mpr pe l ase i s ge a D oct or Pl i ifsunde l ng ba i f a lt e oft eneglg ncec am si t tCa ni ldi not antf ryi ss or l hr e hes ie l i s ha r va d hr pr p ryq aiids p sd do sa dn re .Canva mo e frs mmayj dg n o t i ie o el u lfe hi' o r n u s s r i l v s o u r u me t n hs cli a gui t tt ei no e de et tCa ni ldi notus pr rca ei s e ngis am r ng ha her s vi nc ha r va d e ope r n eldi t medialsa f Ca ni lf t ra guest tde e mi ng whe he t m e c sa fwe epr ry c t f . r va urhe r ha t r ni t r he di al t f r ope l qua ii r quiesa e r wine s whi Pl i tf di notpr f r l r pons Pl i ifha lted e r n xpe t t s ch a n i f d of e . n es e, a ntf s pr f r d t A fi vi ofoneofhe e r wine s ,Dr Ge ad E.St zyns . 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Furhe ,Ca ni la guest tPl i ifha f ie t pr s nta evi nce t l r t r r va r ha a ntf s a l d o e e ny de hat Ca ni di notha an a qua enumbe ofme c lsa fonboa d. Pl i ifhasnotr s r val d ve de t r di a t f r antf e ponde d 12 t Ca ni ls a gum en t ti ha no dut t ha a c rai num berofm e ca pe s w l o r va ' r t ha t d y o ve e t n di l r om onboa d. Ast sCour haspr vi l not d,aca e doe no ha adut t f nih adoc or r hi t e ousy e ni r s t ve y o ur s t f rispa s ng s'us SeeBar ta,8 F. a 1 . Howe r i aca e c o t s e er e. be t 48 2d t 371 ve , f ni r hoos st pr de e o ovi adoc o , tm us pr deonet ti c tr i t ovi ha s ompe e a qua ii d.I Ca i lha no o he dut t nt nd lte d m va s t r y r ga di t pr son ofm e c ca e Thus i Ca ni di notha a dut t f nih a e r ng he ovii dial r . , f r val d ve y o ur s ny docor i c d notha adut t f nih C n a quaent be 'ofdoct sa nures t , t oul ve y o ur s ç de t l r' a m or nd s . Ac o dn l , r v li e t ldt s mmayj d me tO t i cam. c r ig y Cania s ni e o u r u g n n h s li t 4. Cau aton s i Can v l loag e ta i e tt dt s mmayj d me to a1 fPlitf' ne l e e r i a as r u s h t s n ie o u r u g n n l o anifs gi nc l g cli sbec us Pli ifha notesabls t tCar va ' ale d f iur t tmel e c t he am a e a ntf s t ihed ha ni ls l ge a l e o i y va ua e r fom t s p r ule i Pl i ifshe rngl sa neur ogi lpr e s Cani a s rst t r he hi es t d n antf a i os nd ol ca obl m . r val s e t ha Pl i ifse r, . pma co d notgi a opi on wihi ar as bl de e ofm e ca antf xpe tDr Li n ul ve n ni t n e ona e gr e di l p o a it be a eDr Li ma tsi e ta i wa p s il t a Plitf sij re c udh v r b bl y c us . p n ett d h t t s o sbe h t an if n u is o l a e i i be n a de ha s r eve te t e voi d d he ec i d r a ments oone ,nott ti wasmor lkey t n not Pl ntf r ha t e i l ha . ai if rs e pondsby ctng t pa tc a pori ofDr Li a sr por a de ii n.Se DEii o ri ulr tons . pm n' e t nd posto e 246,pp. 1 1 ctng Li a De a 99- 02,11 W hieDr Li a di notawa us t wor 4- 5 ii ppm n p. t 1 3. l . pm n d l ys e he ds t e lkel t n not'hedi us t t m t y lkey. t r lkel ' notssgniia l s mor i y ha r ' d e he er t ver i l ' % y i y'de e i fc nty ' ve mor t n amer pos i lt a woul i y t ti i mor lkel t n not Thus t Cour e ha e sbiiy nd d mpl ha t s e i y ha . , he t fnds t ta ge ne i s ofm a e i f cte s s a t c a i Cons i ha nui s ue t ral a xi t s o aus ton. eque l Ca i i not nty, nzval s e tte t s mmayj d me ta t t is eo c us t n. n i d o u r u g n s o he s u f a ai l o B. u r J d n i Gr ne o Plit 'A pa e t n y Cli S mma y u gme ts a td n an t s p r n Age c a ms Can v l is s e ss mmayj g n o Plitf a pae ta e c cams Co n slI r i a frt e k u r ud me t n an ifs p rn g n y li , u t I a I 1 a gui t s h c am sa ec r r t we ls tld l w a ctng Bar ta v S/ nd V,0 r ng hat uc l i r onta y o l- ete a nd ii bet . S Be mu St ,8 F. 1 ( h Ci.1 .TheCour ha prvi l r e t tcai ba e r da ar 48 2d 364 5t r 988) t s e ousy uld ha l ms s d o a r nta nc a epe mi sbl unde co r lng lw .SeeDE- a 7. The Co twilno n ppa e ge y r r s i e r ntoli a 38 t ur l t a d e st slg l r u n a an. we r Cn nva as s e ss mmayj g n o d rs hi e a ag me t g i l 1Ho ve, r i l lo e k u r ud me t n Pl i if sa r ntage y c am sbec us Pli tf c nnotesa ih t elm e sofa a r nt antf ppa e nc l i a e a n if a t bls he e nt n ppa e a ncy c a m . ge li Appae a nc i esabls dwhe t1 t alge prnci ma ss s t rnt ge y s t ihe n:t) he le d i pal ke ome or of m a f sa i ca i at r pa t t be ive t tt al d a ntha a hort t a f t nie t ton usng hid ry o le ha he lege ge d ut iy o d or he be k oft prncpa, t ts hbelefwasras ea 3)t tt cai r s nabl net he i i l2) ha uc i e onabl nd ha he l mant ea o y a t d on s h be ift hi derme . Doonan v Car v Cor ,40 F.Supp. 1367,1371 ce uc le o s ti nt' ' . nial p. 4 2d ( D. a. ) Ca ni a s t t tPli ifha fie t prs nte de et esa iha of S. Fl 2005 . r val sers ha antf s ald o e e vi nc o tbls ny t e ee e s hes l m nt . lcoun IIalege a r nta nc r ga di Nur eLaw and CountI a lge t s o t I l s ppa e ge y e r ng s V le s he ame l ga cai ast Dr Pa e . e llm o . tl 1W hiet Cour unde sandsCar va ' m o i ton f r pe t dl r sng t sa g e , l l he t rt ni ls tva i or e a e y aii hi r um nt t Cour doesnota e w ih Ca ni ls a gum e st ta r nta ncy i s m pl a f m of he t gr e t r va ' r nt ha ppa e ge s i y or rs e ponde ts rorla lt a s acli i ba r d by t hol ngi Bar ta. W hiebot a upe i ibiiy nd uch am s re he di n be t l h rs e ponde ts rorand a r ta nc ar f a upe i ppa en ge y e onnsofvi rouslabiiy,r pondea s ror ca i i lt es t upe i la lt a a r nta nc la lt a enott s met ng.Res ibiiy nd ppa e ge y ibiiy r he n hi pondea s i la lt i t uperor ibiiy s bas d on t e se e ofa e pl rempl er ltons p a t prncpl t ta e oy e he xit nc n m oye / oye ea i hi nd he i i e ha n mpl er s d be la ef t wr houl ibl or he ongsofise o esdone i t s peoft re pl t mpl ye n he co hei m oyment Thus . , t labiiy a iesfom t na ur oft r ltons p be we n t e oye andempl ee. he i lt rs r he t e he ea i hi t e he mpl r oy A ppa e a nc la lt on t ot rhand,a i esw he t r i nota e pl r e pl ye r nt ge y i biiy, he he rs n he e s n m oye / m o e r a i hi I a i esasa r s tofm a f t tonst t a r ntprnc palm ake t t el tons p. t r s e ul niesa i hat he ppa e i i s o he ij rdtidpat a u t er lto s i b t e tea p rn p icp l n t ea p r n a e t nu e h r ry bo t h eain hp ewe n h p ae t rn ia a d h p a e t g n, r a dl s o t na ur oft a t lr l tons p. Thus t la lt a i esf om t r a i hi eg r e s f he t e he c ua e a i hi , he i biiy r s r he el tons p b t e tea p rn prn i l n t eij rdt r p ry Asar s l o tedfee c sb t e ewe n h p ae t icpa a d h nu e hid a t. e ut f h ifr n e ewe n a r ntag ncy la lt and r s ppa e e ibiiy e ponde ts i la lt t e e t oft et c amsa e a uperor i biiy,he l men s hes wo l i r dif r n .Cons que l a r n ag nc i no smpl a f r ofr s fe e t e nty, ppa e t e y s t i y o m e ponde ts ro a nc a upe i r ge y. 14 Conta y t C a ni ' as e tons Pl i ifhaspr e e e de ofm aniesato m ade r r o r vals s r i , a ntf es nt d vi nce f t i ns by Ca i whih c dha ca e Pl ntf t be ivet tDr Pa e andNur e La we e m val c oul ve us d ai if o le ha . t l s w r ag nt o Car va .The ei l i r e s f ni l s ncude ntoduci t docort pa s nge sa oneoft s p' ng he t o s e r s he hi s of i e s r quii t doct a t nur e wea Ca ni luni or sa nam e t gs a ha ng fc r , e r ng he or nd he s r r va f m nd a , nd vi t wo dsI S Ca ni lSpii - M e ca De t nt' f m sfled outby Pl ntf a he he r S M r va rt di l parme 'on or il ai if nd r hus nd.Bas d o t s r pr e atons a am i mum ,age neis ofm ae ilf texit a ba e n he e e es nt i , t ni nui s ue tra ac ss s t whehe Car va ma ma f sa i c usng a t r pa t t be ive t Dr Patla Nu s o t r ni l de nie ttons a i hid ry o le hat . e nd r e La ha a ho iy t a f Ca ni l w d ut r t o ct or r va . A ge neis ofm ae ilf c alo e ssast whe he r inc o Ca ni als nui s ue tra a t s xit o t r ela e n r v ' ma f sa i wa r a o bl Cn nvala s rst tbec us t tc tc ane lngua nie ttons s e s na e. r i s e t ha a e he i ke ont i d a ge c e ry i c tng t t s p' m e ca peronnelwe enotCa ni ' a nt ,r la e o t l a l ndia i hat he hi s di l s r r vals ge s e inc n he ma ie tt n wa u ra o a e Or iaiy r a o a ln s i aq e to o fc f rtej r . nf sai s s n e s n bl. dn rl, e s n b e e s s u si n f a t o h u y o Un e t ecr u tn e o ti c s ,h tc e ln u g i s mehngt ej ys o l c n ie d r h ic msa c s f h s a e te ik t a g a e s o t i h ur h u d o sd r buti i notdipostveoft is a ama t oflw . ts s ii he s ue s ter a W hl q e to soffc f rt ej r e s a t t trt woee n s Plitf h sn t ie u si n a t o h u y xit s o he is t lme t, an if a o pr s nt a evi ncea t t t r eeme - derme a r i e.Pl i ifas e t t the e e ed ny de s o he hid l nt ti nt l elanc antf s rs ha r hus band,a he he t ca epr r le on Ca i lsr pr e a i . Ev i t Cour we et s r alh r oxy e id m va ' e es nttons en f he t r o a ce Pl ntf ar c pt ai ips gume t the hus nd wa he he t c epr nt ha r ba s r alh ar oxy,Pli ifc nnotpoi t a ntf a nt o a y e denc t the derme a l r le on Ca ni ' r pr e ai a n vi e ha ti nt ly ei d r vals e es nt tons boutt doc ora he t nd ntl rses. I or rt esa ih r la e, antf r leson a afi vi fl d by he hus nd, c n de o t bls e inc Pl i if ei n fda t ie r ba whih wa e e ue o No mb r1 2 1 a trCania h dfldismoi nf rs s x c td n ve e 9, 01 , fe r v l a ie t to o ummayj d me t r u g n. I t afi vi,Pli ifshus nd sa e : n he fda t antf ba tt s l lhad lnownt tt s p' doc o and medialsa fwe ei pe ntofCar vala f t ha he hi s t r c t f r nde nde ni nd we enota tng unde t a ho iy ofCa ni lwhe pr di m e c lca et r ci r he ut rt r va n ovi ng di a r o pa e r ,Iwoul ha g t n ahol oft s p' Ca ai a woul ha r uese ss nge s d ve ote d he hi s pt n nd d ve eq t d hi t ge my wieof t s p ... s h, de rmen a l r le on t f egoi m o t f f he hi As uc I ti t ly e id he or ng r pr s a i whih 1 d m et be ive t tt s p' doc ora m e c lsa fwe e e e enttons c e o le ha he hi s t nd di a t f r bei s r ie by Ca ni land we e a tng unde t a hort ofCa ni whe ng upe vs d r va r ci r he ut iy r val n pr di m e ca ca et pa s ng s i l ng my wie. ovi ng di l r o s e er , ncudi f DE- 4 ,51 - .l trsi l , an ifsh b ndd e no saeta , a hek o tedo t r 2 6 j 920 n ee t y Plitf us a o s t tt h t h d n wn h co ng a nur e wer i pe ntc r t s hewoul notha s nd s s e nde nde ontacor , d ve oughtt i m e c hep f rhi her di al l o s wie.Thus i i notce rhow he r le Fu t r o e t i i to t thewoul ha not f ,t s la e id. rhe m r , he mplcai n ha d ve s oughtt rm e c hel i c e ry co r dit d by hi de ii t si hei dial p s l a l nta c e s poston e tmony,whe ehe sat d r te t t r ga dl soft e o e r ai hi be we n Ca ni la t m edia pe s l he ha , e r es he mpl ym nt eltons p t e r va nd he c l r onne , wo l h v s u h me ia h l f rhswiefo t es i sme ia p rome .Fial,ian u d a e o g t dc l ep o i f r m h hp' d c l e s r l n l ç l y g a fda tm a ... dir a de a as m whe apa t ha gi n ce a we st una bi fi vi y be seg r d s ha n ry s ve lar ns r o m guous que to whi ne t t e se ofa ge neis ofmaeilf t..(ndt tpa t sins ch gae he xitnce ny nui sue tra ac . a ha ry atmps tee he g lc e t s c a is ewi a afd vit a meeyc nr dcs wih u te t) h r a r t rae u h n su t n fia t h t r l o ta it, t o t o h e a ton, e ousy gi n ce rt si ony.'Ti nsv Cel e Cor ,8 F. 949, xplnai pr vi l ve la e tm ' ppe . otx, p. 05 2d 954 ( 1hCi.1 6)(ntr lquo ai omit a brc t i orgi l.Thus noge neis of 1 t r 98 i ena ttons ted nd a kes n i na) , nui sue ma e i f c e ssast t l telmen ne es a y f a a r nta ncycl m - r s bl t ral a t xit o he as e t c s r or n ppa e ge ai ea ona e, d ti n a r la c .Ac o dn l, r i l se tte t s mmayj dg n o Plitf s erme tl ein e c r igy Canva i n ild o u r u me t n an if cli sbas on a r tag nc am ed ppa en e y. Upon c i r i i i her by onsde atons t s e ORDERED THAT De e f ndan Ca ni lCom o aton' M oton f Summ a y J gm e t r va ri s i or r ud nt ( 2 7 i GRANTED i p r a dDENI i p r: DE- 0 ) s n at n ED n a t 16 a TheM oton i GRANTED i pa ta DENI i pa ta t Count1 Themotoni ) i s n r nd ED n r s o . i s de e ast Pl ntf cl m t tCa i lwasne i nti f ii t tmey eva uaehe a nid o ai ips ai ha m va glge n a lng o i l c t r nd gr nt d a t a 1ot rne i ncecai . a e s o 1 he glge l ms b)Themotoni GRANTED ast Co t IIa I i s o uns I nd V. DO ANDO DE E i MimiFoiatiX/dyo Dee e,0 1 NE R R D n a ,lr ,hs a f cmbr2 1. d < PATRI A A . I CI T UNI TED STATES DI STRI J CT UDGE c c: Al c 1 ouns lofr c d e e or
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