Koetting et al v. Eman et al, No. 3:2016cv00461 - Document 38 (S.D. Cal. 2017)
Court Description: ORDER Granting Plaintiff's 33 Motion to Confirm Arbitration Award. The Court confirms the arbitration award and all of its terms and directs the Clerk of Court to enter judgment in Plaintiffs' favor in accordance with the terms of the Agreement. Signed by Judge Anthony J. Battaglia on 9/19/2017. (mxn)
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Koetting et al v. Eman et al Doc. 38 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 v. 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 (Doc. No. 33) JASON VAN EMAN, an Oklahoma citizen, BENJAMIN MCCONLEY, a Florida Citizen, et al., Defendants. 19 21 ORDER GRANTING PLAINTIFFS’ MOTION TO CONFIRM ARBITRATION AWARD Plaintiffs, 18 20 Case No.: 16-cv-00461-AJB-NLS DAN KOETTING, a California citizen, CAROLYN PAUL, a California citizen, and SORAL, LLC, Presently before the Court is Plaintiffs Dan Koetting, Carolyn Paul, and SORAL LLC’s (collectively referred to as “Plaintiffs”) motion to confirm the arbitration award. (Doc. No. 33.) Defendants Jason Van Eman, Benjamin McConley, Weathervane Productions, Inc., and Forrest Capital Partners, Inc. (collectively referred to as “Defendants”) oppose the motion. (Doc. No. 35.) Pursuant to Civil Local Rule 7.1.d.1, the Court finds the matter suitable for decision on the papers and without oral argument. For the reasons explained more fully below, the Court GRANTS Plaintiffs’ motion. /// /// 1 16-cv-00461-AJB-NLS Dockets.Justia.com 1 BACKGROUND 2 The present action revolves around Plaintiff Dan Koetting and his mother in law, 3 Plaintiff Carolyn Paul’s $1.55 million investment in the film The Scent of Rain and 4 Lightning (“Scent”). (Doc. No. 33-1 at 2.) Plaintiffs were allegedly induced into investing 5 in this film by Defendants Jason Van Eman and Benjamin McConley, and their respective 6 businesses, WeatherVane Productions, Inc. and Forrest Capital Partners, Inc. (Id.) Plaintiff 7 SORAL, LLC is the production company for Scent and is the legal entity through which 8 the investment was made. (Id.) 9 On February 19, 2016, Plaintiffs filed the instant action against Defendants for 10 causes of action including (1) Civil Violations of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt 11 Organizations Act; (2) Fraud; (3) California Penal Code § 496; (4) Conversion; and (5) 12 Unfair Business Practices. (Doc. No. 1.) Thereafter, Defendants filed a motion to compel 13 arbitration on April 5, 2016, (Doc. No. 3), to which Plaintiffs filed a non-opposition, (Doc. 14 No. 8). 15 On September 26, 2016, the parties stipulated to set aside entry of default and to stay 16 the entire action pending arbitration. (Doc. No. 29.) On January 9, 2017, the Court held 17 that the matter would remain stayed during a telephonic status conference. (Doc. No. 30.) 18 On October 17, 2016, Plaintiffs filed their arbitration demand against Defendants 19 with the Judicial Arbitration and Mediation Services, Inc. (“JAMS”) San Diego. (Loewy 20 Decl. ¶ 12, Doc. No. 33-2.) On November 14, 2016, JAMS San Diego notified the parties 21 that it had selected Judge Kevin Midlam as the arbitrator. (Id. ¶ 14; Doc. No. 33-5 at 2.) 22 Subsequently, on April 11, 2017, Plaintiffs’ counsel met Defendants and their 23 counsel in San Diego. (Doc. No. 33-2 ¶ 16.) However, instead of taking the scheduled 24 depositions, both parties spent most of the morning and afternoon negotiating a settlement 25 agreement (“the Agreement”). (Id.) 26 The Agreement provided Defendants two different settlement options: (1) an 27 investment of $1,672,500 in Scent; or (2) a total cash payment of $600,000 and a release 28 of any interest in Scent. (Doc. No. 33-1 at 4; Doc. No. 35 at 2–3.) Under either settlement 2 16-cv-00461-AJB-NLS 1 option, Defendants agreed to pay Plaintiffs $100,000 by April 19, 2017, at the latest. (Doc. 2 No. 33-1 at 4; Doc. No. 35 at 3.) Additionally, the Agreement contained the following 3 provision: 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 If Respondents fail to timely make any of the payments set forth above, and provided that Respondents have not yet paid a total of $600,000.00 to Petitioners under this Settlement Term Sheet, then Respondents will forfeit their entire participation interest in Scent and will have no legal rights or interests of any kind in Scent, or the profits thereof. Additionally, Respondents will not contest the entry of a $750,000.00 award against them (less any amounts already paid to Petitioners under this Settlement Term Sheet), both jointly and severally, in the Arbitration, and Respondents further will not contest the petition to confirm the arbitration award with the Court. 12 It is undisputed by both parties that Defendants have defaulted under the Agreement. 13 (Doc. No. 33-1 at 2; Doc. No. 35 at 3; Doc. No. 33-7 at 2.) Consequently, Judge Midlam 14 issued an arbitration award on July 12, 2017, that stated that (1) the Agreement was valid 15 and binding; (2) Defendants had defaulted under the Agreement; (3) all of the Defendants 16 were jointly and severally liable to Plaintiffs; (4) Defendants have no legal rights in the 17 film Scent; and (5) each party was to bear its own fees and costs. (Doc. No. 33-8 at 2–3.) 18 Shortly thereafter, on July 18, 2017, Plaintiffs filed the present action, their motion to 19 confirm the arbitration award. (Doc. No. 33.) 20 LEGAL STANDARD 21 A district court’s role in reviewing an arbitral award is limited. See United 22 Steelworkers of Am. v. Am. Mfg. Co., 363 U.S. 564, 567–68 (1960). Indeed, “[t]he federal 23 policy of settling labor disputes by arbitration would be undermined if courts had the final 24 say on the merits of the awards.” Local Joint Exec. Bd. of Las Vegas v. Riverboat Casino, 25 Inc., 817 F.2d 524, 526 (9th Cir. 1987) (citation omitted). An award will be upheld 26 provided it “draws its essence from the collective bargaining agreement.” United 27 Steelworkers of Am. v. Enter. Wheel & Car Corp., 363 U.S. 593, 597 (1960). An agreement 28 “may be overturned only if it violates public policy which is well-defined and dominant, 3 16-cv-00461-AJB-NLS 1 and . . . ascertained by reference to the laws and legal precedents and not from general 2 considerations of supposed public interest.” Riverboat Casino, Inc., 817 F.2d at 527. 3 (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). 4 Specifically, as held by Section 9 of the Federal Arbitration Act (“FAA”) 5 If the parties in their agreement have agreed that a judgment of the court shall be entered upon the award made pursuant to the arbitration, and shall specify the court, then at any time within one year after the award is made any party to the arbitration may apply to the court so specified for an order confirming the award, and thereupon the court must grant such an order unless the award is vacated, modified, or corrected as prescribed in section 10 and 11 of this title. If no court is specified in the agreement of the parties, then such application may be made to the United States court in and for the district within which such award was made. 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 9 U.S.C. § 9. 14 DISCUSSION 15 Plaintiffs request that the Court confirm Judge Midlam’s arbitration award arguing 16 that (1) Defendants waived their penalty argument by failing to raise it during the 17 arbitration; and (2) Judge Midlam’s award is not irrational. (Doc. No. 33-1 at 2; Doc. No. 18 36 at 3–7.) In opposition, Defendants assert that the $150,000.00 penalty imposed on them 19 through the arbitration award was an oversight by the arbitrator and as a whole 20 unenforceable. (Doc. No. 35 at 2.) Thus, Defendants request that the Court vacate the 21 arbitration award or modify/correct the arbitration award. (Id.) 22 The FAA empowers a court to vacate an arbitration award where the arbitrators “so 23 imperfectly executed [their powers] that a mutual, final, and definite award upon the 24 subject matter submitted was not made.” 9 U.S.C. § 10(a)(4). Similarly, section 1286 of 25 the California Arbitration Act (“CAA”) provides that the court should confirm an 26 arbitration award “unless in accordance with this chapter it corrects the award and confirms 27 it as corrected, vacates the award or dismisses the proceedings.” Cal. Civ. Code Proc. § 28 1286. 4 16-cv-00461-AJB-NLS 1 After a careful review of the applicable law, the arguments proffered by both parties, 2 and the exhibits, the Court agrees with Plaintiffs. The heart of Defendants’ reasoning for 3 defaulting under the Agreement is that the $750,000.00 arbitration award, which includes 4 a $150,000.00 increase, dressed as a liquidated damages provision, allegedly shares no 5 reasonable relationship to the actual damages. (Doc. No. 35 at 3.) To support this argument, 6 Defendants cite to Purcell v. Schweitzer, 224 Cal. App. 4th 969 (2014). 7 First, the Court notes that it finds Purcell inapposite to the present matter. In Purcell, 8 the action arose out of a defendant’s default on a promissory note in the amount of $85,000. 9 Id. at 971. Both parties then agreed to settle the action in the sum of $38,000, along with 10 an interest rate of 8.5%, in installments over 24 months. Id. One section in particular stated 11 that if defendant failed to make a payment on time, $85,000 would be the “agreed upon 12 amount of monies actually owed, jointly and severally, by the [d]efendant [] to the 13 [p]laintiff [] and is neither a penalty nor is it a forfeiture.” Id. at 972. In sum, the court 14 found that the $85,000 amount was an unenforceable penalty as it “bore no reasonable 15 relationship to the damages that it could be expected that [plaintiff] would suffer as a result 16 of a breach by [defendant].” Id. at 975–76. Specifically, the court found nothing in the 17 record to support the fact that obtaining a judgment and instituting post-judgment 18 procedures would cost $85,000. Id. at 976. 19 In contrast to Purcell, where the $85,000 late fee penalty was nearly triple the 20 amount that plaintiff and defendant agreed to settle to in their agreement, in the present 21 matter, the $150,000.00 penalty provision is only 25% of the original settlement agreement 22 amount of $600,000. Moreover, the Court notes that in Purcell, the court found that the 23 stipulation of almost $60,000 was unenforceable as it carried no rational relationship to the 24 damages as evidenced by the $750.00 monthly payments. Id. at 975–76. However, the 25 Court notes that in the present matter, the first installment under the Agreement was for 26 $100,000. (Doc. No. 33-1 at 4; Doc. No. 35 at 3.) Thus, a penalty of $150,000 seems to be 27 reasonably related to the damages that Plaintiffs are expected to suffer. 28 Second, “it is well settled that a party may not sit idle through an arbitration 5 16-cv-00461-AJB-NLS 1 procedure and then collaterally attack that procedure on grounds not raised before the 2 arbitrators when the result turns out to be adverse.” Marino v. Writers Guild of Am., E., 3 Inc., 992 F.2d 1480, 1484 (9th Cir. 1993); see also Ficek v. Southern Pac. Co., 338 F.2d 4 655, 657 (9th Cir. 1964) (cert denied, 380 U.S. 988 (1965)) (“A claimant may not 5 voluntarily submit his claim to arbitration, await the outcome, and, if the decision is 6 unfavorable, then challenge the authority of the arbitrators to act.”). This rule even extends 7 to questions such as arbitrator bias, which goes to the very heart of arbitral fairness. See 8 Carr v. Pac. Maritime Ass’n, 904 F.2d 1313, 1317 (9th Cir. 1990) (holding that plaintiffs’ 9 failure to exhaust grievance procedures not excused because of alleged lack of neutrality 10 of arbitration). Thus, as Defendants did not protest to the penalty during settlement 11 negotiations, failed to challenge the authority of Judge Midlam to impose such a penalty, 12 agreed to the Agreement, and finding that the Agreement clearly states that Defendants 13 “will not contest the entry of a $750,000 award against them,” the Court concludes that 14 Defendants have waived their objections against the $150,000 penalty. (Doc. No. 35 at 3.) 15 On a final note, “[a]n arbitrator’s decision must be upheld unless it is ‘completely 16 irrational,’ or it constitutes a ‘manifest disregard of law.’” Todd Shipyards Corp. v. Cunard 17 Line, Ltd., 943 F.2d 1056, 1060 (9th Cir. 1991) (citation omitted). Here, the Court finds no 18 such situation, nor have Defendants produced evidence that Judge Midlam wholly 19 disregarded the law or that the foregoing penalty within the Agreement is unfounded. Thus, 20 the Court must affirm the award. See Romero v. Citibank USA, No. 1:07-CV-00549 OWW- 21 SMS, 2007 WL 2688848, at *3 (E.D. Cal. Sep. 13, 2007); see also Thompson v. Tega-Rand 22 Int’l, 740 F.2d 762, 763 (9th Cir. 1984) (“The reviewing court should not concern itself 23 with the ‘correctness’ of an arbitration award.”); Rostad & Rostad Corp. v. Inv. Mgmt. & 24 Research, Inc., 923 F.2d 694, 697 (9th Cir. 1991) (“Deference to the arbitrators is the 25 rule.”). 26 Based on the foregoing, finding Defendants’ case law inapposite to the instant 27 matter, that Defendants’ inaction during settlement discussions constitutes waiver of its 28 objections, and cognizant that the review of arbitration awards is “extremely limited[,]” the 6 16-cv-00461-AJB-NLS 1 Court GRANTS Plaintiffs’ motion to confirm the arbitration award. A.G. Edwards & Sons, 2 Inc. v. McCollough, 967 F.2d 1401, 1403 (9th Cir. 1992). 3 CONCLUSION 4 As discussed more thoroughly above, the Court GRANTS Plaintiffs’ motion to 5 confirm the arbitration award, CONFIRMS the arbitration award and all of its terms, and 6 DIRECTS the Clerk of Court to enter judgment in Plaintiffs’ favor in accordance with the 7 terms of the Agreement. 8 9 10 11 IT IS SO ORDERED. Dated: September 19, 2017 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 7 16-cv-00461-AJB-NLS
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