Sarkar v. Garland, No. 17-72212 (9th Cir. 2022)
Annotate this CaseBangladesh citizen Atm Magfoor Rahman Sarkar, his wife, and their two children petitioned for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’s (BIA) order denying their third motion to reopen removal proceedings. Although this case was pending for nearly five years, shortly before oral argument both Sarkar and the Government moved to administratively close this case because the Government deemed Sarkar a low enforcement priority. On the merits, it was undisputed that Sarkar’s third motion to reopen was untimely and numerically barred. Nevertheless, he argued he was entitled to relief because he presented new and material country-condition evidence that established his prima facie eligibility for asylum, withholding of removal, and relief under the Convention Against Torture (CAT). The Ninth Circuit affirmed the BIA, finding Sarkar's attempts to connect generalized evidence of increased Islamic extremism with his contentions that he has become known “as a fierce opponent of religious extremism” and he has “no doubt” that he was known as an enemy “within the Bangladesh Jihadi/Extremist network” failed to establish a nexus between a reasonable fear of future persecution and his proposed protected grounds. "[I]t points to generalized crime and societal shifts that do not target him or those in his proposed social groups."
Court Description: Immigration. The panel denied the parties’ motion for judicial administrative closure of the case and denied Atm Magfoor Rahman Sarkar, his wife, and their children’s petition for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’ denial of their third motion to reopen. Although this case had been pending for nearly five years, shortly before oral argument both Sarkar and the Government moved to administratively close the case because the Government had deemed Sarkar a low enforcement priority. The panel denied the parties’ motion, concluding that the panel’s inherent authority to manage its docket, including by granting administrative closures, would not be served by keeping this case on the panel’s docket indefinitely. The panel wrote that the Government has numerous means to avoid enforcement against Sarkar if that is what it wants, and it declined to add judicial administrative closure to the list of the Government’s tools. Sarkar did not dispute that his third motion to reopen was untimely and numerically barred. Instead, Sarkar argued that new evidence showing the growing influence of Jihadist extremists in Bangladesh increased his risk of being targeted on account of his political beliefs and membership in the Jatiya party. The panel concluded that the BIA did not abuse its discretion in concluding that Sarkar’s new evidence was not material to Sarkar and was insufficient to demonstrate a SARKAR V. GARLAND 3 prima facie claim for asylum, withholding of removal, and Convention Against Torture relief. The panel explained that none of the evidence that Sarkar produced related to membership in the Jatiya party or members of that party who speak up against Islamic extremism. Although Sarkar contended that the changes in marriage laws, the removal of certain poems and stories from educational textbooks, and a terrorist attack that killed mostly foreigners showed a change in Bangladesh’s acceptance of radical Islam, he failed to show that those conditions more severely impacted him and his family than the population at large. The panel agreed with the BIA that Sarkar’s new evidence did not demonstrate an individualized risk of persecution or that he would be subject to a pattern or practice of persecution based on his political affiliation. The panel explained that Sarkar had not submitted evidence of direct and specific facts establishing that he had a reasonable fear of persecution, and his affidavit and articles were too speculative to be credited as a basis for his fear of future persecution. The panel concluded that Sarkar’s evidence also failed to establish a nexus between a reasonable fear of future persecution and his proposed protected grounds. Rather, the evidence pointed to generalized crime and societal shifts that did not target Sarkar or those in his proposed social groups. The panel agreed with the BIA that Sarkar’s evidence also did not establish that he is now more likely than not to face torture if returned to Bangladesh. 4 SARKAR V. GARLAND
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