US v. Elias Hernandez, No. 14-4203 (4th Cir. 2014)
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UNPUBLISHED UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT No. 14-4203 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff - Appellee, v. ELIAS GRADILLA HERNANDEZ, Defendant - Appellant. Appeal from the United States District Court for the Western District of North Carolina, at Statesville. Richard L. Voorhees, District Judge. (5:13-cr-00006-RLV-DSC-1) Submitted: September 25, 2014 Decided: December 12, 2014 Before KEENAN, DIAZ, and FLOYD, Circuit Judges. Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion. Susan S. Kister, Chesterfield, Missouri, for Appellant. Amy Elizabeth Ray, Assistant United States Attorney, Asheville, North Carolina, for Appellee. Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit. PER CURIAM: Elias Gradilla Hernandez pleaded guilty, pursuant to a written plea agreement, to conspiracy to distribute and possess with intent to distribute at least five kilograms of cocaine, in violation of 21 U.S.C. §§ 841(b)(1)(A), 846 (2012). The district court imposed a within-Guidelines sentence of eightyseven months. Counsel has filed a brief pursuant to Anders v. California, 386 meritorious issues district level U.S. court based 738 for appeal, properly on the (1967), stating but calculated relevant drug that there questioning Hernandez’s quantity are whether base and no the offense whether the Government properly declined to file a motion for a downward departure based on substantial assistance. his right to do so, supplemental brief. Hernandez has Although advised of not filed a pro se The Government declined to file a response. ∗ We affirm. Counsel first questions whether the district court properly calculated the relevant drug quantity in determining Hernandez’s base offense level at sentencing. “[T]he government must to prove the drug quantity attributable ∗ a particular The Government has not sought enforcement of the waiver of appellate rights. See United States v. Poindexter, 492 F.3d 263, 271 (4th Cir. 2007) (recognizing that the government may file a responsive brief raising the appellate waiver issue or do nothing and allow this Court to perform the Anders review). 2 defendant by a preponderance of the evidence.” Bell, 667 F.3d 431, 441 (4th Cir. 2011). not object to the applicable drug United States v. Because Hernandez did quantity in court, we review this claim for plain error. the district United States v. Martinez, 277 F.3d 517, 524-26 (4th Cir. 2002) (stating standard of review). To prevail under this standard, Hernandez must establish that: “(1) there is an error, (2) the error is plain, and (3) the error affects substantial rights.” Henderson v. United States, 133 S. Ct. 1121, 1126 (2013) (internal quotation marks and alterations omitted). Under U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual (“USSG”) § 1B1.3(a)(1), in determining the proper base offense level to apply to a defendant involved in a drug conspiracy, the defendant is responsible not only for his own acts, but for “all reasonably foreseeable furtherance of the acts and jointly omissions undertaken of criminal others in activity,” whether or not the criminal activity is charged as a conspiracy. See Bell, 667 F.3d at 441. If the district court relies on the drug quantity included in the presentence report (“PSR”), the defendant bears the burden of establishing that the information is incorrect. United States v. Carter, 300 F.3d 415, 425 (4th Cir. 2002). Our review of the record leads us to conclude that the district court did not err in 3 determining the drug quantity attributable to Hernandez, as the PSR indicates that Hernandez admitted his involvement in trafficking approximately fifty to sixty kilograms established incorrect or that of cocaine. the Moreover, information unreliable. Hernandez contained Accordingly, we in the discern has not PSR no is plain error. Counsel next questions the Government’s failure to move for a downward departure pursuant to USSG § 5K1.1, despite the assistance provided by Hernandez. file a § 5K1.1 motion lies solely The decision whether to within the Government’s discretion. United States v. Butler, 272 F.3d 683, 686 (4th Cir. 2001). Thus, unless the Government has obligated itself in the plea agreement to make such a motion, its refusal to do so is not reviewable absent evidence of an unconstitutional motive. Wade v. United States, 504 U.S. 181, 185-87 (1992); Butler, 272 F.3d at 686. Because nothing in the plea agreement obligated the Government to make a § 5K1.1 motion and the record reveals no basis for concluding that the Government’s decision was based on an unconstitutional motive, we find no error. In accordance with the requirements of Anders, we have examined the entire record and have found no meritorious issues. We therefore affirm the district court’s judgment. This Court requires that counsel inform Hernandez, in writing, of the right to petition the Supreme Court of the United States for further 4 review. If Hernandez requests that a petition be filed, but counsel believes that such a petition would be frivolous, then counsel may move representation. in this Court for leave to withdraw from Counsel’s motion must state that a copy thereof was served on Hernandez. We dispense with oral argument because the facts and legal contentions are adequately presented in the materials before this Court and argument would not aid the decisional process. AFFIRMED 5
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