In re: Ulysses Cannon, No. 19-12533 (11th Cir. 2019)
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The Eleventh Circuit granted petitioner's application for leave to file a second or successive motion as to his 18 U.S.C. 924(o) conviction for Count 3, because petitioner made a prima facie showing that his claim satisfied the statutory criteria of 28 U.S.C. 2255(h)(2) on the basis that his Count 3 conviction may implicate section 924(c)(3)(B)'s residual clause and United States v. Davis. However, the court denied the application as to petitioner's section 924(c) convictions for Counts 6 and 14, because he has failed to make a prima facie showing that he was entitled to relief under Davis.
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Rivera ) G WK &LU FRQFOXGLQJ WKDW SRVVHVVLRQ ZLWK LQWHQW WR GLVWULEXWH D FRQWUROOHG VXEVWDQFH LQ YLRODWLRQ RI 8 6 & D TXDOLILHV DV D GUXJ WUDIILFNLQJ FULPH XQGHU 8 6 & F & &RXQW $V WR &DQQRQ¶V R ILUHDUP FRQVSLUDF\ FRQYLFWLRQ &RXQW UHIHUHQFHG PXOWLSOH GLVWLQFW SUHGLFDWH RIIHQVHV LQFOXGLQJ WZR FDUMDFNLQJV IRXU GUXJ FULPHV DQG RQH FRQVSLUDF\ WR 2WKHU FLUFXLWV KDYH OLNHZLVH KHOG WKDW VXEVWDQWLYH +REEV $FW UREEHU\ TXDOLILHV DV D FULPH RI YLROHQFH XQGHU WKH HOHPHQWV FODXVH LQ F $ See United States v. Melgar-Cabrera ) G WK &LU cert. denied 6 &W Diaz v. United States ) G WK &LU United States v. Gooch ) G WK &LU cert. denied 6 &W United States v. Rivera ) G WK &LU cert. denied 6 &W 2WKHU FLUFXLWV VLPLODUO\ KDYH KHOG WKDW FDUMDFNLQJ TXDOLILHV XQGHU F $ ¶V HOHPHQWV FODXVH See United States v. Jackson ) G WK &LU KROGLQJ IHGHUDO FDUMDFNLQJ XQGHU FDWHJRULFDOO\ TXDOLILHV DV D FULPH RI YLROHQFH XQGHU F $ ¶V HOHPHQWV FODXVH United States v. Cruz-Rivera ) G VW &LU cert. denied 6 &W United States v. Gutierrez ) G WK &LU cert. denied 6 &W United States v. Jones ) G Q WK &LU cert. denied 6 &W United States v. Evans ) G WK &LU cert. denied 6 &W Case: 19-12533 Date Filed: 07/25/2019 Page: 10 of 13 FRPPLW +REEV $FW UREEHULHV RI GUXJ VWDVK KRXVHV 7KH MXU\ UHWXUQHG D JHQHUDO MXU\ YHUGLFW 7KH GUXJ FULPHV DQG FDUMDFNLQJ TXDOLI\ ZLWKRXW UHVRUW WR F % ¶V UHVLGXDO FODXVH +RZHYHU WKLV &RXUW KDV QRW GHFLGHG ZKHWKHU FRQVSLUDF\ WR FRPPLW +REEV $FW UREEHU\ FDWHJRULFDOO\ TXDOLILHV DV D FULPH RI YLROHQFH XQGHU F $ ¶V HOHPHQWV FODXVH $V QRWHG DERYH &DQQRQ¶V SUHGLFDWH FULPHV VHHP LQH[WULFDEO\ LQWHUWZLQHG ,Q RWKHU ZRUGV LW LV GLIILFXOW WR VHH KRZ D MXU\ ZRXOG KDYH FRQFOXGHG WKDW &DQQRQ ZDV JXLOW\ RI XVLQJ D ILUHDUP GXULQJ DQG LQ IXUWKHUDQFH RI WKH XQGHUO\LQJ +REEV $FW SUHGLFDWHV ZLWKRXW DW WKH VDPH WLPH DOVR FRQFOXGLQJ WKDW KH GLG VR GXULQJ DQG LQ IXUWKHUDQFH RI WKH XQGHUO\LQJ GUXJ DQG FDUMDFNLQJ SUHGLFDWHV 1HYHUWKHOHVV EDVHG RQ WKH OLPLWHG UHFRUG EHIRUH XV LW LV VRPHZKDW XQFOHDU ZKLFK FULPH RU FULPHV VHUYHG DV WKH SUHGLFDWH RIIHQVH IRU &DQQRQ¶V R FRQYLFWLRQ LQ &RXQW :H WKHUHIRUH FRQFOXGH WKDW &DQQRQ KDV PDGH D SULPD IDFLH VKRZLQJ WKDW KLV FODLP VDWLVILHV WKH VWDWXWRU\ FULWHULD RI K RQ WKH EDVLV WKDW KLV R FRQYLFWLRQ LQ &RXQW PD\²QRW WKDW LW GRHV²LPSOLFDWH F % ¶V UHVLGXDO FODXVH DQG Davis See 8 6 & E & K :H DOVR SRLQW RXW WKDW UHJDUGOHVV RI ZKHWKHU &DQQRQ¶V FRQVSLUDF\ WR FRPPLW +REEV $FW UREEHU\ FDWHJRULFDOO\ TXDOLILHV DV D FULPH RI YLROHQFH XQGHU F $ ¶V HOHPHQWV FODXVH &DQQRQ¶V RWKHU FKDUJHG SUHGLFDWHV²SRVVHVVLRQ RI GUXJV ZLWK LQWHQW WR GLVWULEXWH DQG FDUMDFNLQJ² GR QRW UDLVH UHVLGXDO FODXVH LVVXHV DQG UHPDLQ YDOLG F SUHGLFDWHV DIWHU Davis (YHQ LI WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW FRQFOXGHV WKDW D FRQVSLUDF\ WR FRPPLW +REEV $FW UREEHU\ FRQVWLWXWHV D SUHGLFDWH FULPH XQGHU F RQO\ XQGHU WKH VWDWXWH¶V QRZ LQYDOLG UHVLGXDO FODXVH &DQQRQ DV WKH PRYDQW VWLOO EHDUV WKH EXUGHQ RI SURYLQJ WKH OLNHOLKRRG WKDW WKH MXU\ EDVHG LWV YHUGLFW RI JXLOW\ LQ &RXQW VROHO\ RQ WKH +REEV $FW FRQVSLUDF\ DQG QRW DOVR RQ RQH RI WKH RWKHU YDOLG SUHGLFDWH RIIHQVHV LGHQWLILHG LQ WKH FRXQW IRXU GUXJ FULPHV DQG WZR FDUMDFNLQJV See Beeman v. United States ) G WK &LU UHVWLQJ RQ D ORQJ OLQH RI FDVH DXWKRULW\ LWV FRQFOXVLRQ WKDW D Case: 19-12533 Date Filed: 07/25/2019 Page: 11 of 13 Johnson PRYDQW ³EHDUV WKH EXUGHQ WR SURYH WKH FODLPV LQ KLV PRWLRQ´ In re Moore ) G DW WK &LU FROOHFWLQJ FDVHV FRQFOXGLQJ WKDW LQ WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW ³D PRYDQW KDV WKH EXUGHQ RI VKRZLQJ WKDW KH LV HQWLWOHG WR UHOLHI LQ D PRWLRQ²QRW MXVW D prima facie VKRZLQJ WKDW KH PHHWV WKH UHTXLUHPHQWV RI K EXW D VKRZLQJ RI DFWXDO HQWLWOHPHQW WR UHOLHI RQ KLV Johnson FODLP´ )LQDOO\ WKH VXEVWDQFH RI &DQQRQ¶V R ILUHDUP FRQVSLUDF\ FRQYLFWLRQ LV WKDW KH DQG KLV FR FRQVSLUDWRUV DJUHHG WR DQG GLG SRVVHVV D ILUHDUP LQ IXUWKHUDQFH RI DQ DJUHHPHQW WR URE GUXJ GHDOHUV¶ VWDVK KRXVHV DQG WR GLVWULEXWH DQ\ QDUFRWLFV VWROHQ GXULQJ WKRVH UREEHULHV $V QRWHG LQ HYHQ WKH OLPLWHG UHFRUG EHIRUH XV WKHUH LV VRPH LQGLFDWLRQ WKDW WKH MXU\¶V R YHUGLFW GLG QRW UHVW VROHO\ RQ WKH FRQVSLUDF\ WR FRPPLW WKH +REEV $FW UREEHULHV SUHGLFDWH EHFDXVH WKH UREEHULHV ZHUH LQH[WULFDEO\ LQWHUWZLQHG ZLWK WKH FKDUJHG FRQVSLUDF\ WR SRVVHVV ZLWK LQWHQW WR GLVWULEXWH FRFDLQH DQG PDULMXDQD DQG WKH MXU\ IRXQG WKH QDUFRWLFV FRQVSLUDF\ SURYHQ EH\RQG D UHDVRQDEOH GRXEW :KHUH D R YHUGLFW ILUPO\ UHVWV RQ D FOHDUO\ TXDOLI\LQJ GUXJ WUDIILFNLQJ SUHGLFDWH WKHUH PD\ QRW EH D FRQFHUQ DERXW D SRVVLEOH GHIHFW LQ D UHODWHG FULPH RI YLROHQFH SUHGLFDWH See United States v. Vasquez ) $SS¶[ G &LU MXU\ WULDO DIILUPLQJ F FRQYLFWLRQV EDVHG RQ D QDUFRWLFV WUDIILFNLQJ SUHGLFDWH ZKHUH WKH FR FRQVSLUDWRU GLVFKDUJHG D ILUHDUP LQ IXUWKHUDQFH RI DQ DJUHHPHQW WR URE GUXJ GHDOHUV DQG WR GLVWULEXWH DQ\ UHFRYHUHG QDUFRWLFV DQG QDUFRWLFV SURFHHGV EHFDXVH WKHUH ZDV QR SRVVLELOLW\ WKDW WKH MXU\¶V F YHUGLFW UHVWHG RQO\ RQ WKH UREEHU\ SUHGLFDWH JLYHQ WKDW WKH DJUHHPHQW WR URE ZDV LQH[WULFDEO\ LQWHUWZLQHG ZLWK DQG LQ IXUWKHUDQFH RI WKH QDUFRWLFV FRQVSLUDF\ WR GLVWULEXWH DQ\ UHFRYHUHG QDUFRWLFV DQG QDUFRWLFV SURFHHGV DQG WKH MXU\ IRXQG WKH QDUFRWLFV FRQVSLUDF\ SURYHG EH\RQG D UHDVRQDEOH GRXEW Davila v. United States ) G WK &LU JXLOW\ SOHD QRWLQJ WKDW WKH SHWLWLRQHU DGPLWWHG WR WKH GUXJ WUDIILFNLQJ SUHGLFDWH WKDW PDGH KLP HOLJLEOH IRU D F FRQYLFWLRQ ZKHQ KH VWDWHG WKH Case: 19-12533 Date Filed: 07/25/2019 Page: 12 of 13 IDFWXDO EDVLV IRU KLV SOHD UHJDUGOHVV RI KRZ KLV FRQYLFWLRQ IRU FRQVSLUDF\ WR FRPPLW +REEV $FW UREEHU\ LV FODVVLILHG DQG WKDW WKH FRXUW GRHV QRW DGGUHVV 7KLV LV RQO\ WR VD\ WKDW WKHVH PD\ EH VRPH RI WKH LVVXHV WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW ZLOO QHHG WR DGGUHVV LQ WKH ILUVW LQVWDQFH ,,, &21&/86,21 ,Q FRQFOXVLRQ ³ZH QRWH WKDW ZKHQ WKLV &RXUW DXWKRUL]HV D IHGHUDO SULVRQHU WR ILOH D VXFFHVVLYH PRWLRQ LQ WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW WKDW DXWKRUL]DWLRQ LV D WKUHVKROG GHWHUPLQDWLRQ DQG QDUURZO\ FLUFXPVFULEHG ´ Solomon v. United States ) G WK &LU abrogated on other grounds by Davis 8 6 BB 6 &W ³7KH VXFFHVVLYH PRWLRQ GRHV QRW VWDQG LQ WKH SODFH RI D ILUVW PRWLRQ DOORZLQJ WKH PRYDQW WR UDLVH DQ\ FODLP WKDW ZRXOG KDYH EHHQ FRJQL]DEOH LQ DQ RULJLQDO SURFHHGLQJ ´ Id. ³5DWKHU WKH FODLPV UDLVHG LQ WKH VXFFHVVLYH PRWLRQ PXVW VWLOO PHHW WKH UHTXLUHPHQWV RI K ´ Id. FLWLQJ Randolph v. United States ) G WK &LU ,W LV DOVR LPSRUWDQW WR QRWH WKDW RXU WKUHVKROG GHWHUPLQDWLRQ WKDW DQ DSSOLFDQW KDV PDGH D SULPD IDFLH VKRZLQJ WKDW KH KDV PHW WKH VWDWXWRU\ FULWHULD RI K WKXV ZDUUDQWLQJ RXU DXWKRUL]DWLRQ WR ILOH D VHFRQG RU VXFFHVVLYH PRWLRQ GRHV QRW FRQFOXVLYHO\ UHVROYH WKDW LVVXH See In re Moore ) G DW Jordan ) G DW 2QFH WKH SULVRQHU ILOHV KLV DXWKRUL]HG PRWLRQ LQ WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW ³WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW QRW RQO\ FDQ EXW PXVW GHWHUPLQH IRU LWVHOI ZKHWKHU WKRVH UHTXLUHPHQWV DUH PHW ´ Jordan ) G DW ³:KHQ ZH LVVXH DQ RUGHU DXWKRUL]LQJ D KDEHDV SHWLWLRQHU WR ILOH D VHFRQG RU VXFFHVVLYH PRWLRQ µWKH GLVWULFW FRXUW LV WR GHFLGH WKH K LVVXHV IUHVK RU LQ WKH OHJDO YHUQDFXODU de novo ¶´ Randolph ) G DW TXRWLQJ In re Moore ) G DW FLWLQJ In re Moss ) G WK &LU DQG Jordan ) G DW ³2XU µILUVW KDUG ORRN¶ DW ZKHWKHU WKH K UHTXLUHPHQWV DFWXDOO\ KDYH EHHQ PHW WKHQ FRPHV LI DW DOO RQ DSSHDO IURP Case: 19-12533 Date Filed: 07/25/2019 Page: 13 of 13 WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW¶V GHFLVLRQ ´ Solomon ) G DW TXRWLQJ In re Moore ) G DW see also In re Moss ) G DW )LQDOO\ VKRXOG WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW FRQFOXGH WKDW &DQQRQ ³KDV HVWDEOLVKHG WKH VWDWXWRU\ UHTXLUHPHQWV IRU ILOLQJ D VHFRQG RU VXFFHVVLYH PRWLRQ LW VKDOO SURFHHG WR FRQVLGHU WKH PHULWV RI WKH PRWLRQ DORQJ ZLWK DQ\ GHIHQVHV DQG DUJXPHQWV WKH UHVSRQGHQW PD\ UDLVH ´ VXFK DV ZDLYHU SURFHGXUDO GHIDXOW RU WKH FRQFXUUHQW VHQWHQFH GRFWULQH In re Moss ) G DW $W WKLV SUHOLPLQDU\ VWDJH ZH RIIHU QR RSLQLRQ DV WR ZKHWKHU WKHVH RU DQ\ RWKHU GHIHQVH PLJKW EDU RU GHIHDW &DQQRQ¶V Davis FODLP :H OHDYH WKRVH LVVXHV IRU WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW WR UHVROYH LQ WKH ILUVW LQVWDQFH ³$Q\ GHWHUPLQDWLRQ WKDW WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW PDNHV DERXW ZKHWKHU >&DQQRQ@ KDV VDWLVILHG WKH UHTXLUHPHQWV IRU ILOLQJ D VHFRQG RU VXFFHVVLYH PRWLRQ DQG DQ\ GHWHUPLQDWLRQ LW PDNHV RQ WKH PHULWV LI LW UHDFKHV WKH PHULWV LV VXEMHFW WR UHYLHZ RQ DSSHDO IURP D ILQDO MXGJPHQW RU RUGHU LI DQ DSSHDO LV ILOHG ´ Id ³6KRXOG DQ DSSHDO EH ILOHG IURP WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW¶V GHWHUPLQDWLRQ QRWKLQJ LQ WKLV RUGHU VKDOO ELQG WKH PHULWV SDQHO LQ WKDW DSSHDO ´ Id. $FFRUGLQJO\ &DQQRQ¶V DSSOLFDWLRQ IRU OHDYH WR ILOH D VHFRQG RU VXFFHVVLYH PRWLRQ LV KHUHE\ *5$17(' DV WR KLV R FRQYLFWLRQ LQ &RXQW DQG '(1,(' DV WR KLV F FRQYLFWLRQV LQ &RXQWV DQG
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