Ensley Branch, N.a.a.c.p.; Donald Nixon; William Moss;alvin Mahaffey, Jr.; et al., Plaintiffs,birmingham Fire Fighters Association 117; Birminghamassociation of City Employees; et al., Intervenors, v. George Seibels, Individually and As Mayor of the City Ofbirmingham, et al., Defendants.john W. Martin; Major Florence; Ida Mcgruder; Sam Coar;et al., Plaintiffs,birmingham Fire Fighters Association 117; Birminghamassociation of City Employees; Billy Gray; Etal., Intervenors, v. City of Birmingham; George C. Seibels, Jr.; Mayor Ofbirmingham; Jefferson County Personnel Board; Etal., Defendants.united States of America, Plaintiff-appellant,birmingham Fire Fighters Association 117; et al., Intervenors,robert K. Wilks; James A. Bennett; Floyd E. Click; Jamesd. Morgan; Joel Alan Day; et al.,plaintiffs-intervenors-appellants, v. Jefferson County, et al., Defendants,city of Birmingham; and George G. Seibels; et al.,defendants-appellees, 20 F.3d 1489 (11th Cir. 1994)