United States of America, Ex Rel. Alfred Aflatooni, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Kitsap Physicians Services, a Non-profit Washington Corporation; Northwest Diagnostic Imaging, Inc., a Washington Professional Services Corporation; Pathology Associates of Kitsap County, a Washington Partnership; Ronald Reimer, Md and Susan L. Reimer, His Wife; Paul S. Mccullough, Md, and Jane Doe Mccullough, His Wife; Robert C. Schneidler and Sharon K. Schneidler, His Wife; Nancy Koch and Richard L. Koch, Her Husband; Keith Hallman, Md and Kathleen Hallman, His Wife; John P. Matan, Md and Susan J. Matan, His Wife; Thomas C. Case, Md and Mary Ann Case, His Wife; Milton S. Michaelis, Md and Jane Doe Michaelis, His Wife; and Defendants Johns Doe and Janes Doe, 1-200, Defendants-appellees, 158 F.3d 439 (9th Cir. 1998)