John Ward, Individually and As Administrator of the Estateof Anton Ward; Helen Ward; Helen Ward Tucker;betty Ward Fisher; Jean Ward Thompson;lillie Ward Manns, Plaintiffs-appellees, v. City of San Jose, a Municipal Corporation; Joseph D.mcnamara, Individually and As Chief of San Josepolice Department, Defendants,andrichard Vasquez, Individually and As Police Officer of Thecity of San Jose; James Rodrigues, Individually and Aspolice Officer of the City of San Jose; Humberto Renteria,individually and As Volunteer Reserve Police Officer of Thecity of San Jose, Defendants-appellants.john Ward, Individually and As Administrator of the Estateof Anton Ward; Helen Ward; Helen Ward Tucker; Betty Wardfisher; Jean Ward Thompson; Lillie Ward Manns; Sabrinaward, a Minor, Plaintiffs-appellants, v. City of San Jose, a Municipal Corporation; Joseph D.mcnamara, Individually and As Chief of San Jose Policedepartment; Richard Vasquez, Individually and As Policeofficer of the City of San Jose; Humberto Renteria,individually and As Volunteer Reserve Police Officer of Thecity of San Jose, Defendants-appellees.john Ward, Individually and As Administrator of the Estateof Anton Ward, Plaintiff,anddelissa Ward, Guardian Ad Litem of Minor Sabrina Ward;sabrina Ward, Minor, Plaintiffs-appellants, v. City of San Jose, a Municipal Corporation; Richard Vasquez,individually and As Police Officer of the City of San Jose;james Rodrigues, Individually and As Police Officer of Thecity of San Jose; Humberto Renteria, Individually and Asvolunteer Reserve Police Officer of the City of San Jose,defendants-appellees.john Ward, Individually and As Administrator of the Estateof Anton Ward; Helen Ward; Helen Ward Tucker;betty Ward Fisher; Jean Ward Thompson;lillie Ward Manns, Plaintiffs-appellees, v. City of San Jose, a Municipal Corporation, Defendant,andrichard Vasquez, Individually and As Police Officer of Thecity of San Jose; James Rodrigues, Individually and Aspolice Officer of the City of San Jose; Humberto Renteria,individually and As Volunteer Reserve Police Officer of Thecity of San Jose, Defendants-appellants.john Ward, Individually and As Administrator of the Estateof Anton Ward; Helen Ward; Helen Ward Tucker;betty Ward Fisher; Jean Ward Thompson;lillie Ward Manns, Plaintiffs-appellees, v. City of San Jose, a Municipal Corporation; Joseph D.mcnamara, Individually and As Chief of San Jose Policedepartment; Richard Vasquez, Individually and As Policeofficer of the City of San Jose; James Rodrigues,individually and As Police Officer of the City of San Jose;humberto Renteria, Individually and As Volunteer Reservepolice Officer of the City of San Jose, Defendants-appellants, 948 F.2d 1097 (9th Cir. 1991)