US Laws, Codes, Statutes & Cases

Chapter 352 — State and Independent Institutions of Higher Education

 

2007 EDITION

 

INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION

 

EDUCATION AND CULTURE

 

OREGON UNIVERSITY SYSTEM

 

352.002     Oregon University System

 

Note          Student voting plan--2007 c.529 §§1,2

 

352.004     Presidents of state institutions

 

352.006     Political or sectarian tests prohibited in appointment of faculty or employees

 

352.008     Alcohol and drug abuse policy and implementation plan

 

352.010     Status of faculty

 

352.012     Authority of Oregon University System to require fingerprints

 

352.015     Institutional physical access committee; members; duties

 

352.017     Contract for disbursement of funds to students; personally identifiable information

 

352.021     Honorary degrees for persons ordered to internment camp

 

UNIVERSITY OF OREGON

 

(Generally)

 

352.035     Streets through university property; establishment and dedication

 

352.043     University of Oregon School of Law

 

352.045     Oregon State Museum of Anthropology

 

352.046     Center for Brain, Biology and Machine

 

(Industrialized Housing Development Program)

 

352.048     Industrialized Housing Development Program created; administration

 

352.049     Program objectives; fees; employees

 

352.051     Rulemaking authority

 

352.052     Confidentiality of information

 

352.053     Coordination of wood product research, development or evaluation

 

PORTLAND STATE UNIVERSITY

 

352.063     Receipt and disposition of funds received for programs

 

352.066     Mark O. Hatfield School of Government; Criminal Justice Research and Policy Institute

 

352.067     Oregon Criminal Justice Scientific Advisory Committee

 

352.068     Center for Lakes and Reservoirs

 

352.071     Graduate School of Social Work

 

352.074     Institute of Portland Metropolitan Studies

 

OREGON INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

 

352.221     Oregon Renewable Energy Center

 

352.223     Oregon Center for Health Professions

 

OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY

 

352.230     Oregon State University designated as agricultural college of the state; Sea Grant College; program in Veterinary Medicine

 

352.239     Institute for Natural Resources

 

352.245     Oregon Climate Service

 

352.247     Oregon Climate Change Research Institute

 

STATE INSTITUTIONS GENERALLY

 

352.355     Establishment of certain state institutions as comprehensive universities

 

352.360     Traffic control on properties under state board; rules; enforcement; fees; use

 

352.370     Students unable because of religious beliefs to attend classes on certain days

 

352.380     Affirmative action plan

 

352.385     Special campus security officers; authority; training; expense

 

REGIONAL SERVICES INSTITUTES

 

352.390     Regional services institutes; general program; location

 

352.400     Program purpose and function

 

STATE INSTITUTION FINANCES

 

352.510     University Fund from sale of university lands; use of interest; additions to principal; pledges of credit limited

 

352.520     Loans of University Fund

 

352.530     Disbursement of proceeds of loans from University Fund

 

352.560     Oregon State University Fund

 

352.570     Loans of Oregon State University Fund

 

352.580     Disbursement of proceeds of loans from Oregon State University Fund

 

352.600     J. T. Apperson Agricultural College Educational Fund

 

352.610     General powers and duties of trustee

 

352.620     Execution of instruments

 

352.630     Payment of expenses; rulemaking

 

352.650     Deposit of Apperson and Burbank funds

 

CLINICAL LEGAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS

 

352.655     Domestic Violence Clinical Legal Education Account

 

POLICY ON INDEPENDENT INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION

 

352.665     Legislative findings

 

352.667     Public purpose to encourage and increase opportunities in independent higher education

 

352.669     Policies and practices of state agencies

 

352.672     State financial aid for students

 

352.675     State policies to enhance and encourage independent higher education

 

AID TO INDEPENDENT INSTITUTIONS

 

352.710     Policy

 

352.720     Definitions for ORS 352.710 to 352.760

 

352.730     Contracts with independent institutions for nonsectarian and nonreligious educational services

 

352.740     Computation of payments under contracts

 

352.750     Rules

 

352.760     Severability

 

FINANCE OF EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES BY MUNICIPALITY

 

352.790     Definitions for ORS 352.790 to 352.820

 

352.795     Finance of education facilities by municipalities

 

352.800     Powers of municipality

 

352.805     Revenue bonds; issuance; trust funds; pledge; terms; legal effect

 

352.810     Revenue bonds secured by educational facility revenues

 

352.815     Municipalities acting jointly

 

352.820     Investment of revenues

 

OREGON UNIVERSITY SYSTEM

 

      352.002 Oregon University System. The Oregon University System consists of the programs, activities and institutions of higher education under the jurisdiction of the State Board of Higher Education including the following:

      (1) University of Oregon.

      (2) Oregon State University.

      (3) Portland State University.

      (4) Oregon Institute of Technology.

      (5) Western Oregon University.

      (6) Southern Oregon University.

      (7) Eastern Oregon University. [1987 c.246 §1; 1995 c.162 §74; 1995 c.612 §§10,11; 1997 c.11 §1; 2001 c.382 §1]

 

      Note: Sections 1 and 2, chapter 529, Oregon Laws 2007, provide:

      Sec. 1. Student voting plan. Each community college and state institution of higher education listed in ORS 352.002 shall adopt a plan, in consultation with the recognized student government of the college or institution, to increase student voter registration and voting in elections. Each plan shall:

      (1) Ensure that all students receive information about voting and the opportunities available on campus to register to vote;

      (2) Ensure that all students receive information about activities relating to voting that are prohibited by law and the penalties for those activities;

      (3) Address the distribution and collection of voter registration cards, as defined in ORS 247.002, during the first three weeks of each academic term;

      (4) Require that voter registration cards be made available in residence halls, campus bookstores, places where students register for classes, financial aid offices and student adviser offices;

      (5) Require college and institution administrators to communicate with faculty, staff and students about deadlines for voter registration; and

      (6) Include a campus-wide advertising campaign to advise students of the deadline for delivering ballots by mail. [2007 c.529 §1]

      Sec. 2. Each community college and state institution of higher education shall adopt the plan required by section 1 of this 2007 Act not later than February 1, 2008. [2007 c.529 §2]

 

      352.004 Presidents of state institutions. The president of each state institution of higher education within the Oregon University System is also president of the faculty. The president is also the executive and governing officer of the institution, except as otherwise provided by statute. Subject to the supervision of the State Board of Higher Education, the president of the institution has authority to control and give general directions to the practical affairs of the institution. [Formerly 352.020; 2005 c.22 §249]

 

      352.006 Political or sectarian tests prohibited in appointment of faculty or employees. No political or sectarian test shall ever be allowed or applied in the appointment of faculty and other employees of the Oregon University System. [Formerly 352.030]

 

      352.008 Alcohol and drug abuse policy and implementation plan. In consultation with the Department of Human Services, each state institution of higher education shall adopt a comprehensive alcohol and drug abuse policy and implementation plan. [1989 c.1076 §3]

 

      352.010 Status of faculty. The president and professors constitute the faculty of each of the state institutions of higher education and as such have the immediate government and discipline of it and the students therein. The faculty may, subject to the supervision of the State Board of Higher Education under ORS 351.070, prescribe the course of study to be pursued in the institution and the textbooks to be used. [Amended by 1987 c.246 §4; 1989 c.492 §3]

 

      352.012 Authority of Oregon University System to require fingerprints. For the purpose of requesting a state or nationwide criminal records check under ORS 181.534, the Oregon University System may require the fingerprints of a person who:

      (1)(a) Is employed or applying for employment by the Oregon University System; or

      (b) Provides services or seeks to provide services to the Oregon University System as a contractor or volunteer; and

      (2) Is, or will be, working or providing services in a position that is designated as a critical or security-sensitive position. As used in this subsection, “critical or security-sensitive position” means a position in which the person:

      (a) Has direct access to persons under 18 years of age or to student residence facilities because the person’s work duties require the person to be present in the residence facility;

      (b) Is providing information technology services and has control over, or access to, information technology systems that would allow the person to harm the information technology systems or the information contained in the systems;

      (c) Has access to information, the disclosure of which is prohibited by state or federal laws, rules or regulations or information that is defined as confidential under state or federal laws, rules or regulations;

      (d) Has access to property where chemicals, hazardous materials and other items controlled by state or federal laws or regulations are located;

      (e) Has access to laboratories, nuclear facilities or utility plants to which access is restricted in order to protect the health or safety of the public;

      (f) Has fiscal, financial aid, payroll or purchasing responsibilities as one of the person’s primary responsibilities; or

      (g) Has access to personal information about employees or members of the public including Social Security numbers, dates of birth, driver license numbers, medical information, personal financial information or criminal background information. [2005 c.730 §71]

 

      Note: 352.012 was enacted into law by the Legislative Assembly but was not added to or made a part of ORS chapter 352 or any series therein by legislative action. See Preface to Oregon Revised Statutes for further explanation.

 

      352.015 Institutional physical access committee; members; duties. (1) Every institution under the jurisdiction of the State Board of Higher Education shall convene a physical access committee to identify barriers to access by persons with disabilities on the campus of each institution. The committee shall include, but not be limited to:

      (a) One or more students with disabilities or, if there are no students with disabilities willing to participate, a person with a disability who uses the institution’s facilities;

      (b) One or more members of the faculty or staff who have disabilities;

      (c) The coordinator of services for students with disabilities for the institution;

      (d) One or more administrators of the institution; and

      (e) One or more members of the physical plant staff of the institution.

      (2) The physical access committee shall present its findings and recommendations to the administration of the institution listing access needs and priorities for meeting those needs. These findings and recommendations shall identify the barriers to access that prevent persons with disabilities from meaningfully utilizing campus facilities related to instruction, academic support, assembly and residence life.

      (3) In preparing budget requests for each biennium, each institution under the jurisdiction of the State Board of Higher Education shall include amounts for capital improvement that will be applied to the substantial reduction and eventual elimination of barriers to access by persons with disabilities as identified by the physical access committee.

      (4) Nothing in this section and ORS 185.155 and 341.937 requires an institution to undertake projects for accessibility that are not otherwise required unless such projects are funded specifically by the Legislative Assembly. [1991 c.935 §§1,2; 2007 c.70 §147]

 

      Note: 352.015 was enacted into law by the Legislative Assembly but was not added to or made a part of ORS chapter 352 or any series therein by legislative action. See Preface to Oregon Revised Statutes for further explanation.

 

      352.017 Contract for disbursement of funds to students; personally identifiable information. (1) As used in this section, “personally identifiable information” means a student’s Social Security number and gender or a student’s Social Security number and date of birth.

      (2) A state institution of higher education may enter into a contract with a private contractor to provide the service of facilitating the disbursement of funds to students. If a student’s personally identifiable information is necessary to administer the disbursement of funds under the contract, the institution must:

      (a) Obtain from a student a written election to receive the contracted services;

      (b) Provide any alternative method of disbursement of funds at no additional cost to a student who does not elect to receive those services from a private contractor;

      (c) Not release to a private contractor personally identifiable information about a student who elects to receive disbursement services from the private contractor without first obtaining from the student a written consent to release the personally identifiable information; and

      (d) Provide to a student a written description of the purposes for which a private contractor may use the student’s personally identifiable information. [2005 c.363 §1]

 

      Note: 352.017 was enacted into law by the Legislative Assembly but was not added to or made a part of ORS chapter 352 or any series therein by legislative action. See Preface to Oregon Revised Statutes for further explanation.

 

      352.020 [Amended by 1987 c.246 §2; renumbered 352.004 in 1987]

 

      352.021 Honorary degrees for persons ordered to internment camp. (1) As used in this section, “internment camp” means a relocation center to which persons were ordered evacuated by Presidential Executive Order 9066, signed on February 19, 1942.

      (2) A person who meets the requirements of subsection (4) of this section may request a state institution of higher education listed in ORS 352.002 to award the person an honorary post-secondary degree.

      (3) A representative of a deceased person who meets the requirements of subsection (4) of this section may request a state institution of higher education listed in ORS 352.002 to award an honorary post-secondary degree on behalf of the deceased person.

      (4) Notwithstanding the requirements for a post-secondary degree established by a state institution of higher education or by the State Board of Higher Education, a state institution of higher education that receives a request under subsection (2) or (3) of this section may award an honorary post-secondary degree to a person, or on behalf of a deceased person, who:

      (a) Was a student at the state institution of higher education in 1942; and

      (b) Did not graduate from the institution because the person was ordered to an internment camp. [2007 c.244 §1]

 

      Note: 352.021 was enacted into law by the Legislative Assembly but was not added to or made a part of ORS chapter 352 or any series therein by legislative action. See Preface to Oregon Revised Statutes for further explanation.

 

      352.030 [Amended by 1987 c.246 §3; renumbered 352.006 in 1987]

 

UNIVERSITY OF OREGON

 

(Generally)

 

      352.035 Streets through university property; establishment and dedication. The State Board of Higher Education may open, establish, lay out and dedicate to the public use such streets through the lands situated within the corporate limits of the City of Eugene, owned by or belonging to the University of Oregon, upon such terms and conditions as may be agreed upon by the State Board of Higher Education and the common council of the City of Eugene. When such streets are so opened, laid out and established, they hereby are declared to be dedicated to the public use and are further declared to be public streets of the City of Eugene. [Formerly 352.080; 2005 c.22 §250]

 

      352.040 [Repealed by 1961 c.238 §1]

 

      352.043 University of Oregon School of Law. (1) There is created within the Department of Higher Education the University of Oregon School of Law. The school shall be administered by the University of Oregon.

      (2) The University of Oregon School of Law shall:

      (a) Prepare students for careers in the legal profession.

      (b) Perform the duties required of the school under ORS 36.100 to 36.238.

      (3) The president of the University of Oregon shall appoint the Dean of the University of Oregon School of Law. [2003 c.791 §§31,31a; 2005 c.817 §7]

 

      Note: 352.043 was enacted into law by the Legislative Assembly but was not added to or made a part of ORS chapter 352 or any series therein by legislative action. See Preface to Oregon Revised Statutes for further explanation.

 

      352.045 Oregon State Museum of Anthropology. (1) The anthropological collections at the University of Oregon are designated and established as the Oregon State Museum of Anthropology. The Oregon State Museum of Anthropology is designated as the official depository for any material of an archaeological or anthropological nature that may come into the possession of the State of Oregon through the operation of ORS 358.935, 390.235 or 390.237 or as a consequence of gifts from the federal government, the Smithsonian Institution or from other public or private agencies. The University of Oregon, through the director of the Oregon State Museum of Anthropology, shall assume full responsibility for the custody and safekeeping of said collection. If responsibility for a collection is reassigned under ORS 390.235, the Oregon State Museum of Anthropology shall serve as the ultimate depository in the event the assigned curator is unable or fails to continue that responsibility.

      (2) ORS 390.235 or 390.237 or this section shall not interfere with any collections now in the possession of any institution of higher learning in Oregon, nor prevent any private person making a gift of any collection owned by the person directly to any institution. [Formerly 352.090; 1987 c.246 §5; 2005 c.22 §251]

 

      352.046 Center for Brain, Biology and Machine. (1) Pursuant to ORS 351.870, there is created within the Department of Higher Education the Center for Brain, Biology and Machine. The center shall be administered by the University of Oregon.

      (2) The purpose of the center is to promote interdisciplinary teaching and research in scientific areas, including but not limited to brain structure, development and functions, genetics and genomics, cognitive neuroscience, molecular biology, computational science, computing, magnetic resonance imaging and optics.

      (3) The Department of Higher Education may receive moneys from any public or private source to support the Center for Brain, Biology and Machine created under subsections (1) and (2) of this section. Gifts or grants received to support the center shall be deposited in an appropriate fund at the University of Oregon by the Department of Higher Education. [1999 c.992 §§5,6]

 

      Note: 352.046 (1) and (2) were added to and made a part of ORS chapter 352 by legislative action but were not added to any smaller series therein. 352.046 (3) was enacted into law by the Legislative Assembly but was not added to or made a part of ORS chapter 352 or any series therein by legislative action. See Preface to Oregon Revised Statutes for further explanation.

 

(Industrialized Housing Development Program)

 

      352.048 Industrialized Housing Development Program created; administration. (1) There is created within the Department of Higher Education the Industrialized Housing Development Program. The program shall be administered in conjunction with the Center for Housing Innovation at the University of Oregon.

      (2) The purpose of the program is to provide assistance to industrialized housing manufacturers to help them achieve demonstrated best practice by researching, evaluating and disseminating information on opportunities to improve design technology, including but not limited to:

      (a) Methods to improve the affordability of housing;

      (b) Better utilization of new products in industrialized housing;

      (c) Improving the energy efficiency of industrialized housing; and

      (d) Specialized training for workers and management. [1991 c.853 §1]

 

      Note: 352.048 to 352.053 were enacted into law by the Legislative Assembly but were not added to or made a part of any series in ORS chapter 352 by legislative action. See Preface to Oregon Revised Statutes for further explanation.

 

      352.049 Program objectives; fees; employees. (1) In fulfilling the purpose described in ORS 352.048, the Industrialized Housing Development Program shall:

      (a) Emphasize client-directed problem solving with the planning and design of appropriate design technologies;

      (b) Provide or arrange for the provision of management assistance, specialized training for workers and other consulting services;

      (c) Supplement the design skills and expertise of program staff by developing relations with experts who may work in a consulting role;

      (d) Research new and developing design technology in the United States and overseas with the purpose of adapting proven technologies and management practices to Oregon conditions; and

      (e) Disseminate research findings to all interested firms throughout the industrialized housing industry.

      (2) The Industrialized Housing Development Program shall establish a schedule of fees for the services it provides. The program may establish a minimum level of service for which it does not charge fees.

      (3) The Industrialized Housing Development Program may hire individuals on a contract basis, to provide either full-time or part-time staffing. However, employees of the program shall not be considered tenured employees of the Department of Higher Education. [1991 c.853 §§2,3,4]

 

      Note: See note under 352.048.

 

      352.050 [Repealed by 1973 c.729 §17]

 

      352.051 Rulemaking authority. The State Board of Higher Education shall adopt rules necessary to carry out the provisions of ORS 352.048 to 352.053. [1991 c.853 §5]

 

      Note: See note under 352.048.

 

      352.052 Confidentiality of information. Any information obtained by the Industrialized Housing Development Program relating to an industrialized housing firm shall remain confidential to the extent that the information identifies an industrialized housing firm. The information shall remain confidential for a period of time to be prescribed by rule and then shall become public information. [1991 c.853 §6]

 

      Note: See note under 352.048.

 

      352.053 Coordination of wood product research, development or evaluation. Any research, development or evaluation of wood products by the Industrialized Housing Development Program shall be coordinated by the Center for Housing Innovation through the Oregon State University Forest Research Laboratory and Forest Products Extension Service. [1991 c.853 §7]

 

      Note: See note under 352.048.

 

      352.055 [1973 c.729 §16; 1975 c.693 §3; 1981 c.144 §1; 1987 c.246 §7; repealed by 1995 c.162 §94]

 

      352.058 [1977 c.773 §§1,2,3; repealed by 1987 c.246 §8]

 

      352.060 [Amended by 1969 c.597 §57; repealed by 1975 c.693 §21]

 

PORTLAND STATE UNIVERSITY

 

      352.063 Receipt and disposition of funds received for programs. The Department of Higher Education may receive moneys from any public or private source to support the Mark O. Hatfield School of Government, the Center for Lakes and Reservoirs, the Graduate School of Social Work or the Institute of Portland Metropolitan Studies created under ORS 352.066, 352.068, 352.071 and 352.074. Gifts and grants received to support the Mark O. Hatfield School of Government, the Center for Lakes and Reservoirs, the Graduate School of Social Work or the Institute of Portland Metropolitan Studies shall be credited to the appropriate fund at Portland State University by the Department of Higher Education. [2001 c.140 §6]

 

      352.065 [1959 c.97 §§1,2; 1983 c.740 §116; repealed by 1987 c.246 §8]

 

      352.066 Mark O. Hatfield School of Government; Criminal Justice Research and Policy Institute. (1) Pursuant to ORS 351.870, there is created within the Department of Higher Education the Mark O. Hatfield School of Government. The Mark O. Hatfield School of Government shall be administered by Portland State University. The president of Portland State University shall appoint the director of the Mark O. Hatfield School of Government.

      (2) The purposes of the Mark O. Hatfield School of Government are:

      (a) To prepare students for careers in political service, public administration and the administration of justice;

      (b) To perform the duties required of the school under ORS 21.480, 36.179, 183.502 and 390.240; and

      (c) To assist the Criminal Justice Research and Policy Institute in carrying out the duties under subsection (3) of this section.

      (3) There is created within the Mark O. Hatfield School of Government the Criminal Justice Research and Policy Institute. The institute may assist the Legislative Assembly and state and local governments in developing policies to reduce crime and delinquency by:

      (a) Providing the Legislative Assembly with objective, nonpartisan analyses of existing or proposed state criminal justice policies, which analyses may not be inconsistent with state or federal law or the Oregon or United States Constitution;

      (b) Evaluating programs, including but not limited to programs dealing with public safety professionalism, ethics in leadership and childhood development, funded directly or indirectly by the State of Oregon that are intended to reduce criminal and delinquent behavior or to improve professionalism in public safety careers;

      (c) Managing reviews and evaluations relating to major long-term issues confronting the state involving criminal and juvenile justice, public safety professionalism, ethics in leadership and early childhood development programs;

      (d) Initiating, sponsoring, conducting and publishing research on criminal and juvenile justice, public safety professionalism, ethics in leadership and early childhood development that is peer reviewed and directly useful to policymakers;

      (e) Organizing conferences on current state issues that bring together policymakers, public agencies and leading academicians; and

      (f) Seeking to strengthen the links among the Legislative Assembly, state and local governments, the Oregon Criminal Justice Commission, the Department of Public Safety Standards and Training and the academic community in the interest of more informed policymaking, the application of best practices and more relevant academic research.

      (4) The Governor, the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, the President of the Senate, the Speaker of the House of Representatives or the chairperson of a legislative committee with responsibility over criminal or juvenile justice systems or childhood development programs may request the assistance of the Criminal Justice Research and Policy Institute in evaluating criminal or juvenile justice programs developed for, but not necessarily limited to, preventing delinquency, reducing crime and improving professionalism in public safety careers.

      (5) Agencies, departments and officers of state and local governments may assist the Criminal Justice Research and Policy Institute in the performance of its functions and furnish information, data and advice as requested by the institute. [2001 c.140 §2; 2003 c.791 §§30,30a; 2005 c.453 §§1,2; 2005 c.817 §8]

 

      352.067 Oregon Criminal Justice Scientific Advisory Committee. The Oregon Criminal Justice Scientific Advisory Committee is established to provide assistance and advice to the Criminal Justice Research and Policy Institute. The director of the Mark O. Hatfield School of Government shall appoint the members of the advisory committee. In order to serve as a member of the advisory committee, a person must have earned a graduate degree in a related field from an accredited university. [2005 c.453 §3]

 

      Note: 352.067 was enacted into law by the Legislative Assembly but was not added to or made a part of ORS chapter 352 or any series therein by legislative action. See Preface to Oregon Revised Statutes for further explanation.

 

      352.068 Center for Lakes and Reservoirs. (1) Pursuant to ORS 351.870, there is created within the Department of Higher Education the Center for Lakes and Reservoirs. The Center for Lakes and Reservoirs shall be administered by Portland State University.

      (2) The purpose of the Center for Lakes and Reservoirs is to assist state and federal agencies in researching and mitigating nonindigenous, invasive aquatic species in this state and to work with communities in developing effective management of lakes and reservoirs. [2001 c.140 §3]

 

      352.070 [Repealed by 1961 c.238 §1]

 

      352.071 Graduate School of Social Work. (1) Pursuant to ORS 351.870, there is created within the Department of Higher Education the Graduate School of Social Work. The Graduate School of Social Work shall be administered by Portland State University.

      (2) The purpose of the Graduate School of Social Work is to provide a center for specialized education and research in the social services for the betterment of communities in the Portland metropolitan area, the state and the Pacific Northwest. [2001 c.140 §4]

 

      352.073 [1985 c.770 §12; 1995 c.162 §76; renumbered 353.460 in 1995]

 

      352.074 Institute of Portland Metropolitan Studies. (1) Pursuant to ORS 351.870, there is created within the Department of Higher Education the Institute of Portland Metropolitan Studies. The Institute of Portland Metropolitan Studies shall be administered by Portland State University.

      (2) The purpose of the Institute of Portland Metropolitan Studies is to build partnerships between Portland State University’s urban studies programs and the surrounding communities of metropolitan Portland and to sponsor public service research. [2001 c.140 §5]

 

      352.075 [1967 c.539 §§1,2; repealed by 1975 c.693 §21]

 

      352.077 [1