Oregon Chapter 97

Chapter 97 — Rights and Duties Relating to Cemeteries, Human Bodies and Anatomical Gifts

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Chapter 97 — Rights and Duties Relating to Cemeteries,

Human Bodies and Anatomical Gifts

 

2007 EDITION

 

CEMETERIES, HUMAN BODIES AND ANATOMICAL GIFTS

 

PROPERTY RIGHTS AND TRANSACTIONS

 

GENERAL PROVISIONS

 

97.010       Definitions

 

97.020       Exemption of certain organizations and cemeteries from certain sections of chapter

 

97.030       Vested rights not acquired

 

97.040       Private family burial grounds

 

AUTOPSIES

 

97.082       Consent for certain autopsies; form

 

DISPOSITION OF HUMAN BODIES

 

97.110       Human remains not to be attached

 

97.120       Human remains to be deposited in accordance with ORS 97.010 to 97.040, 97.110 to 97.450, 97.510 to 97.730, 97.810 to 97.920 and 97.990

 

97.130       Right to control disposition of remains; delegation

 

97.145       Liability for failure to conform to written instrument directing control of remains

 

97.150       Disposition of cremated remains; procedures; notice; actions against cemetery or funeral service providers

 

97.153       Diagnostic or therapeutic radioisotopes in body

 

97.160       Duty of hospital or sanitarium to notify before sending remains to undertaker; procedures

 

97.170       Disposition of body of indigent or child in custody of Department of Human Services

 

97.180       Period within which body may not be used

 

97.190       Post-mortem examination of body

 

97.200       Disposition of remains after educational use thereof

 

97.210       Exceptions to application of ORS 97.170 to 97.200; rules

 

97.220       Disinterment

 

DEDICATION TO CEMETERY PURPOSES; PLATTINGS

 

97.310       Survey and subdivision of land; map or plat of mausoleum or columbarium; access easement

 

97.320       Filing map or plat and declaration of dedication of land to cemetery purposes

 

97.330       When dedication is complete

 

97.340       Effect of dedication

 

97.350       Dedication to cemetery purposes not invalid

 

97.360       Resurvey and alteration in shape or size; vacation of streets, walks, driveways and parks and replatting into lots

 

97.370       Fixing date of hearing; notice

 

97.380       Hearing; order allowing replatting

 

97.390       Assessment of benefits and damages

 

97.400       Disposal of newly created lots; disposition and use of proceeds from sale; failure of owner to perform duties

 

97.410       Right of adjacent lot owner upon vacation of way

 

97.420       Effect of failure to object

 

97.430       Declaration of exercise of police power and right of eminent domain

 

97.440       Removal of dedication

 

97.445       Vacating county interest in cemetery real property

 

97.450       Discontinuance of cemetery and removal of remains and markers

 

97.460       Approval required prior to establishment of cemetery or burial park

 

SALES AND RIGHTS IN RESPECT OF CEMETERY PLOTS

 

97.510       Sale and conveyance of plots by cemetery authority

 

97.520       Sale or offer to sell cemetery plot upon promise of resale at financial profit

 

97.530       Commission, bonus or rebate for sale of plot or services

 

97.540       Commission, bonus or rebate for recommendation of cemetery

 

97.550       Plots are indivisible

 

97.560       Presumption of sole ownership in grantee of plot

 

97.570       Spouse has vested right of interment

 

97.580       Divestiture of spouse’s right of interment

 

97.590       Transfer of plot or right of interment

 

97.600       Descent of plot

 

97.610       Determining occupant of burial plot having coowners

 

97.620       Death of coowner; authorization to use plot under directions of surviving owners

 

97.630       Family plots; order of occupation

 

97.640       Waiver or termination of vested right of interment

 

97.650       Limitations upon vested right of interment

 

CEMETERY MANAGEMENT

 

97.710       Power of cemetery to make rules and regulations

 

97.720       Record of interments and cremations; inspection

 

97.730       Gifts and bequests in trust for cemeteries

 

INDIAN GRAVES AND PROTECTED OBJECTS

 

97.740       Definitions for ORS 97.740 to 97.760

 

97.745       Prohibited acts; application; notice

 

97.750       Permitted acts; notice

 

97.760       Civil action by Indian tribe or member; time for commencing action; venue; damages; attorney fees

 

OREGON COMMISSION ON HISTORIC CEMETERIES

 

97.772       Definition of “historic cemetery”

 

97.774       Oregon Commission on Historic Cemeteries; terms

 

97.776       Commission members; nominations

 

97.778       Chairperson; quorum; meetings

 

97.780       Duties

 

97.782       Listing of historic cemeteries; form

 

97.784       Executive secretary; support services

 

CEMETERY CARE

 

97.810       Endowment care and nonendowed care cemeteries

 

97.820       Placing cemetery under endowed care; deposit; commingling endowment and special care funds; trustee or custodian of fund

 

97.825       Suits to enforce endowed care statutes; attorney fees

 

97.830       Investment and reinvestment of principal of endowed care funds; use and application of income

 

97.835       Limitation of duties and liability of trustee

 

97.840       Cemetery authority authorized to receive and hold gifts of property; disposition of gifts

 

97.850       Endowment and special care funds are charitable

 

97.860       Agreements for care

 

97.865       Application of ORS 97.810 to 97.865 to religious, county and city cemeteries

 

97.870       Unused and uncared for portions of cemetery declared common nuisances

 

97.880       Resolution declaring a nuisance

 

97.890       Complaint

 

97.900       Summons

 

97.910       Disuse as prima facie evidence of abandonment

 

97.920       Judgment declaring nuisance, authorizing abatement and creating and foreclosing lien

 

PREARRANGEMENT SALES AND PRECONSTRUCTION SALES

 

97.923       Definitions for ORS 97.923 to 97.949

 

97.925       Purpose

 

97.926       Rulemaking authority

 

97.927       Applicability of ORS 97.923 to 97.949

 

97.929       Exceptions to ORS 97.923 to 97.949

 

97.931       Registration of salesperson for endowment care cemeteries, preconstruction sales and prearrangement sales; rules; background check; civil penalties

 

97.933       Certification of provider of prearrangement or preconstruction sales; annual reports; audits; fees

 

97.935       Registration of master trustees; annual reports; annual audits; fees

 

97.936       Emergency orders of suspension or restriction

 

97.937       Deposit of trust funds made by endowment care cemeteries

 

97.939       Prearrangement or preconstruction sales contracts; contents; delivery

 

97.941       Prearrangement or preconstruction trust fund deposits

 

97.942       Appointment of receiver; criteria

 

97.943       Distributions from prearrangement trust fund deposits

 

97.944       Distributions from preconstruction trust fund deposits

 

97.945       Funeral and Cemetery Consumer Protection Trust Fund; fee; rules

 

97.946       Advertising and marketing prohibitions

 

97.947       Examination of providers and master trustees by director; subpoena power; depositions

 

97.948       Grounds for discipline by director for violation of ORS 97.923 to 97.949; suspension and revocation of certificate or registration; civil penalties; notification of board

 

97.949       Notification by director to appropriate federal, state or local law enforcement officer of violation of ORS 97.923 to 97.949

 

REVISED UNIFORM ANATOMICAL GIFT ACT

 

97.951       Short title

 

97.953       Definitions

 

97.955       Purpose of anatomical gift; persons authorized to make gift

 

97.957       Methods of making anatomical gift before death of donor

 

97.959       Revocation or amendment of anatomical gift before death of donor

 

97.961       Refusal to make anatomical gift; effect of refusal

 

97.963       Effect of making, amending or revoking anatomical gift

 

97.965       Persons authorized to make anatomical gift of body or body part of decedent

 

97.967       Methods for making, amending or revoking anatomical gift of body or body part of decedent by authorized person

 

97.969       Authorized recipients of anatomical gifts; purposes for which gift may be used

 

97.970       Search for document of anatomical gift or refusal; duty to send document or refusal to hospital

 

97.971       Delivery of document of gift or refusal not required; right to examine

 

97.972       Rights and duties of procurement organizations and others; authorized examinations

 

97.973       Coordination of procurement and use of anatomical gifts

 

97.974       Immunity of persons acting in accordance with ORS 97.951 to 97.982

 

97.976       Law governing validity of document of gift; presumption of validity

 

97.977       Donor registry; duty of Department of Transportation to cooperate with donor registry

 

97.978       Resolution of conflict between potential anatomical gift and advance directive

 

97.979       Cooperation between medical examiner and procurement organization

 

97.980       Facilitation of anatomical gift from decedent whose body is under jurisdiction of medical examiner

 

97.981       Purchase or sale of body parts prohibited

 

97.982       Alteration of document of anatomical gift prohibited

 

97.983       Relation to Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act

 

ANATOMICAL GIFTS

 

97.984       Liability of executor who carries out anatomical gift

 

97.985       Transplants not covered by implied warranty

 

FEDERAL AID FOR CEMETERIES

 

97.987       Department of Transportation use of federal moneys for cemetery care

 

PENALTIES

 

97.990       Penalties

 

97.992       Penalties for ORS 97.937

 

97.994       Penalties for ORS 97.931, 97.933 and 97.941

 

GENERAL PROVISIONS

 

      97.010 Definitions. As used in ORS 97.010 to 97.040, 97.110 to 97.450, 97.510 to 97.730, 97.810 to 97.920, 97.923 to 97.949, 97.990 and 97.994:

      (1) “Burial” means the placement of human remains in a grave or lawn crypt.

      (2) “Burial park” means a tract of land for the burial of human remains, used, or intended to be used, and dedicated for cemetery purposes.

      (3) “Burial right” means the right to use a grave, mausoleum, columbarium, ossuary or scattering garden for the interment or other disposition of human remains.

      (4) “Cemetery” means a place:

      (a) Dedicated to and used, or intended to be used, for the permanent interment of human remains; and

      (b) That may contain a mausoleum, crypt or vault interment, a columbarium, ossuary, scattering garden or other structure or place used or intended to be used for the interment or disposition of cremated remains or any combination of these structures or places.

      (5) “Cemetery association” means a corporation or association authorized by its articles of incorporation to conduct the business of a cemetery, but does not include a corporation sole or a charitable, eleemosynary association or corporation.

      (6) “Cemetery authority” means a person who owns or controls cemetery lands or property, including but not limited to a cemetery corporation, association or corporation sole.

      (7) “Cemetery business” and “cemetery purpose” are used interchangeably and mean any business or purpose requisite or incident to, or necessary for establishing, maintaining, operating, improving or conducting a cemetery, interring human remains, and the care, preservation and embellishment of cemetery property.

      (8) “Cemetery merchandise” means personal property offered for sale or sold for use in connection with the final disposition, memorialization or interment of human remains. “Cemetery merchandise” includes, but is not limited to, an outer burial container and a memorial.

      (9) “Cemetery services” means services provided by a cemetery authority for interment or scattering, and installation of cemetery merchandise.

      (10) “Columbarium” means a structure or room containing receptacles for permanent inurnment of cremated remains in a place used, or intended to be used, and dedicated for cemetery purposes.

      (11) “Cremated remains” means the remains of a cremated human body after completion of the cremation process.

      (12) “Cremation” means the technical process, using direct flame and heat, that reduces human remains to bone fragments.

      (13) “Crematory” means a structure containing a retort for the reduction of bodies of deceased persons to cremated remains.

      (14) “Crypt” or “vault” means a space in a mausoleum of sufficient size used, or intended to be used, to entomb uncremated human remains.

      (15) “Directors” or “governing body” means the board of directors, board of trustees or other governing body of a cemetery association.

      (16) “Endowment care” means the general care and maintenance of developed portions of a cemetery and memorials erected thereon financed from the income of a trust fund.

      (17) “Entombment” means the placement of human remains in a crypt or vault.

      (18) “Funeral merchandise” means personal property offered for sale or sold for use in connection with funeral services. “Funeral merchandise” includes, but is not limited to, acknowledgment cards, alternative containers, caskets, clothing, cremation containers, cremation interment containers, flowers, memory folders, monuments, outer burial containers, prayer cards, register books and urns.

      (19) “Funeral services” means services customarily provided by a funeral service practitioner including, but not limited to, care and preparation of human remains for final disposition, professional services relating to a funeral or an alternative to a funeral, transportation of human remains, limousine services, use of facilities or equipment for viewing human remains, visitation, memorial services or services that are used in connection with a funeral or alternative to a funeral, coordinating or conducting funeral rites or ceremonies, and other services provided in connection with a funeral, alternative to a funeral or final disposition of human remains.

      (20) “Grave” means a space of ground in a burial park used, or intended to be used, for burial of the remains of one person.

      (21) “Human remains” or “remains” means the body of a deceased person in any stage of decomposition or after cremation.

      (22) “Interment” means the disposition of human remains by inurnment, entombment or burial.

      (23) “Inurnment” means the placement of cremated remains in a receptacle and the deposit of the receptacle in a niche.

      (24) “Lot,” “plot” or “burial space” means space in a cemetery owned by one or more individuals, an association or fraternal or other organization and used, or intended to be used, for the permanent interment therein of the remains of one or more deceased persons. Such terms include and apply with like effect to one, or more than one, adjoining grave, crypt, vault or niche.

      (25) “Mausoleum” means a structure substantially exposed above ground for the entombment of human remains in crypts or vaults in a place used, or intended to be used, and dedicated for cemetery purposes.

      (26) “Memorial” means a product, other than a mausoleum or columbarium, used for identifying an interment space or for commemoration of the life, deeds or career of a decedent including, but not limited to, an ossuary, monument, marker, niche plate, urn garden plaque, crypt plate, cenotaph, marker bench or vase.

      (27) “Niche” means a recess usually in a columbarium used, or intended to be used, for the inurnment of the cremated remains of one or more persons.

      (28) “Ossuary” means a receptacle used for the communal placement of cremated remains without benefit of an urn or any other container in which cremated remains may be commingled with other cremated remains and are nonrecoverable.

      (29) “Plot owner” or “owner” means any person identified in the records of the cemetery authority as owner of the burial rights to a burial plot, or who holds a certificate of ownership conveyed from the cemetery authority of the burial rights in a particular lot, plot or space.

      (30) “Scattering” means the lawful dispersion of cremated remains that need not be associated with an interment right or issuance of a deed, that may be recorded only as a service that has taken place and may not be recorded on the permanent records of the cemetery authority.

      (31) “Scattering garden” means a location set aside within a cemetery that is used for the spreading or broadcasting of cremated remains that have been removed from their container and can be mixed with or placed on top of the soil or ground cover or buried in an underground receptacle on a commingled basis and that are nonrecoverable.

      (32) “Special care” means any care in excess of endowed care in accordance with the specific directions of a donor of funds. [Amended by 1955 c.545 §1; 1965 c.396 §1; 2007 c.661 §1]

 

      97.020 Exemption of certain organizations and cemeteries from certain sections of chapter. (1) The provisions of ORS 97.030, 97.120, 97.310 to 97.350, 97.360 (1), 97.510 and 97.550 relating to private cemeteries do not apply to:

      (a) Any religious or eleemosynary corporation, church, religious society or denomination, corporation sole administering temporalities of any church or religious society or denomination or any cemetery that such entity organizes, controls or operates.

      (b) Any county or city cemetery.

      (2) The provisions of ORS 97.810 to 97.865 relating to private cemeteries do not apply to:

      (a) Any religious or eleemosynary corporation, church, religious society or denomination, corporation sole administering temporalities of any church or religious society or denomination or any cemetery that such entity organizes, controls or operates, unless the cemetery authority for an entity described in this paragraph elects to subject itself to ORS 97.810 to 97.865.

      (b) Any county or city cemetery, unless the county or city elects to subject itself to ORS 97.810 to 97.865. [Amended by 1955 c.473 §1; 1997 c.167 §1]

 

      97.030 Vested rights not acquired. No cemetery authority or person having a right of sepulture or any other right under ORS 97.010 to 97.040, 97.110 to 97.450, 97.510 to 97.730, 97.810 to 97.920 and 97.990 acquires any vested right by virtue thereof which the Legislative Assembly may not subsequently amend, alter or repeal.

 

      97.040 Private family burial grounds. Except for ORS 97.730, 97.010 to 97.040, 97.110 to 97.450, 97.510 to 97.730, 97.810 to 97.920 and 97.990 do not apply to private family burial grounds where lots are not offered for sale.

 

      97.050 [1977 c.183 §1; 1983 c.526 §4; 1985 c.747 §49; 1987 c.660 §16; 1989 c.1034 §8; renumbered 127.605 in 1989]

 

      97.055 [1977 c.183 §2; 1979 c.211 §1; 1983 c.526 §5; renumbered 127.610 in 1989]

 

      97.060 [1977 c.183 §3; renumbered 127.615 in 1989]

 

      97.065 [1977 c.183 §4; renumbered 127.620 in 1989]

 

      97.070 [1977 c.183 §5; renumbered 127.625 in 1989]

 

      97.075 [1977 c.183 §6; repealed by 1983 c.526 §7]

 

      97.080 [1977 c.183 §7; renumbered 127.630 in 1989]

 

AUTOPSIES

 

      97.082 Consent for certain autopsies; form. (1) Except as provided in subsection (2) of this section, whenever a person dies and no autopsy is ordered by a medical examiner or district attorney pursuant to ORS 146.117, an autopsy may not be conducted without the prior written consent of a person within the first applicable class of the following listed classes:

      (a) The spouse of the decedent;

      (b) A son or daughter of the decedent 18 years of age or older;

      (c) Either parent of the decedent;

      (d) A brother or sister of the decedent 18 years of age or older;

      (e) A guardian of the decedent at the time of death;

      (f) A person in the next degree of kindred to the decedent;

      (g) The personal representative of the estate of the decedent; or

      (h) The person nominated as the personal representative of the decedent in the decedent’s last will.

      (2)(a) Consent required under subsection (1) of this section must be granted on a written autopsy consent form developed pursuant to subsection (3) of this section.

      (b) If the person authorized by subsection (1) of this section to grant written consent to conduct an autopsy is not available to grant written consent in person, the authorized person may grant consent by completing the required consent form and returning the signed form, by facsimile or other electronic transmission, to the party requesting permission.

      (3) The Public Health Officer, in consultation with the State Medical Examiner, shall develop and make available a standardized written autopsy consent form that:

      (a) Grants the person specified in subsection (1) of this section the authority to:

      (A) Grant permission to conduct an unlimited autopsy;

      (B) Grant permission to conduct a limited autopsy and to specify what limitations are imposed upon the autopsy; or

      (C) Refuse permission to conduct an autopsy.

      (b) Provides a section for the person specified in subsection (1) of this section to submit specific instructions with respect to tests to be performed during the autopsy and to the disposition of organs and tissue removed for purposes of a limited autopsy.

      (c) Provides that the consent signature be accompanied by the signature of a witness. [2003 c.416 §1]

 

      Note: 97.082 was enacted into law by the Legislative Assembly but was not added to or made a part of ORS chapter 97 or any series therein by legislative action. See Preface to Oregon Revised Statutes for further explanation.

 

      97.083 [1983 c.526 §1; renumbered 127.635 in 1989]

 

      97.084 [1983 c.526 §2; renumbered 127.640 in 1989]

 

      97.085 [1977 c.183 §§8,9,10; renumbered 127.645 in 1989]

 

      97.090 [1977 c.183 §11; renumbered 127.650 in 1989]

 

DISPOSITION OF HUMAN BODIES

 

      97.110 Human remains not to be attached. No person shall attach, detain or claim to detain any human remains for any debt or demand or upon any pretended lien or charge.

 

      97.120 Human remains to be deposited in accordance with ORS 97.010 to 97.040, 97.110 to 97.450, 97.510 to 97.730, 97.810 to 97.920 and 97.990. A cemetery authority shall deposit or dispose of human remains as provided by ORS 97.010 to 97.040, 97.110 to 97.450, 97.510 to 97.730, 97.810 to 97.920 and 97.990.

 

      97.130 Right to control disposition of remains; delegation. (1) Any individual of sound mind who is 18 years of age or older, by completion of a written signed instrument or by preparing or prearranging with any funeral service practitioner licensed under ORS chapter 692, may direct any lawful manner of disposition of the individual’s remains. Except as provided under subsection (6) of this section, disposition directions or disposition prearrangements that are prepaid or that are filed with a funeral service practitioner licensed under ORS chapter 692 shall not be subject to cancellation or substantial revision.

      (2) A person within the first applicable listed class among the following listed classes that is available at the time of death or, in the absence of actual notice of a contrary direction by the decedent as described under subsection (1) of this section or actual notice of opposition by completion of a written instrument by a member of the same class or a member of a prior class, may direct any lawful manner of disposition of a decedent’s remains by completion of a written instrument:

      (a) The spouse of the decedent.

      (b) A son or daughter of the decedent 18 years of age or older.

      (c) Either parent of the decedent.

      (d) A brother or sister of the decedent 18 years of age or older.

      (e) A guardian of the decedent at the time of death.

      (f) A person in the next degree of kindred to the decedent.

      (g) The personal representative of the estate of the decedent.

      (h) The person nominated as the personal representative of the decedent in the decedent’s last will.

      (i) A public health officer.

      (3) The decedent or any person authorized in subsection (2) of this section to direct the manner of disposition of the decedent’s remains may delegate such authority to any person 18 years of age or older. Such delegation shall be made by completion of the written instrument described in subsection (7) of this section. The person to whom the authority is delegated shall have the same authority under subsection (2) of this section as the person delegating the authority.

      (4) If a decedent or the decedent’s designee issues more than one authorization or direction for the disposal of the decedent’s remains, only the most recent authorization or direction shall be binding.

      (5) A donation of anatomical gifts under ORS 97.951 to 97.982 shall take priority over directions for the disposition of a decedent’s remains under this section only if the person making the donation is of a priority under subsection (1) or (2) of this section the same as or higher than the priority of the person directing the disposition of the remains.

      (6) If the decedent directs a disposition under subsection (1) of this section and those financially responsible for the disposition are without sufficient funds to pay for such disposition or the estate of the decedent has insufficient funds to pay for the disposition, or if the direction is unlawful, the direction shall be void and disposition shall be in accordance with the direction provided by those persons given priority in subsection (2) of this section and who agree to be financially responsible.

      (7) The signature of the individual shall be required for the completion of the written instrument required in subsection (3) of this section. The following form or a form substantially similar shall be used by all individuals:

______________________________________________________________________________

 

APPOINTMENT OF PERSON

TO MAKE DECISIONS

CON