(725 ILCS 5/112A‑14) (from Ch. 38, par. 112A‑14)
Sec. 112A‑14.
Order of protection; remedies.
(a) Issuance of order. If the court finds that petitioner has been
abused by a family or household member, as defined in this Article, an
order of protection prohibiting such abuse shall issue; provided that
petitioner must also satisfy the requirements of one of the following
Sections, as appropriate: Section 112A‑17 on emergency orders, Section
112A‑18 on interim orders, or Section 112A‑19 on
plenary orders.
Petitioner shall not be denied an order of protection because petitioner or
respondent is a minor. The court, when determining whether or not to issue
an order of protection, shall not require physical manifestations of abuse
on the person of the victim. Modification and extension of prior orders of
protection shall be in accordance with this Article.
(b) Remedies and standards. The remedies to be included in an order of
protection shall be determined in accordance with this Section and one of
the following Sections, as appropriate: Section 112A‑17 on
emergency orders,
Section 112A‑18 on interim orders, and Section 112A‑19 on
plenary orders.
The remedies listed in this subsection shall be in addition to other civil
or criminal remedies available to petitioner.
(1) Prohibition of abuse. Prohibit respondent's |
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harassment, interference with personal liberty, intimidation of a dependent, physical abuse or willful deprivation, as defined in this Article, if such abuse has occurred or otherwise appears likely to occur if not prohibited.
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(2) Grant of exclusive possession of residence.
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Prohibit respondent from entering or remaining in any residence or household of the petitioner, including one owned or leased by respondent, if petitioner has a right to occupancy thereof. The grant of exclusive possession of the residence shall not affect title to real property, nor shall the court be limited by the standard set forth in Section 701 of the Illinois Marriage and Dissolution of Marriage Act.
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(A) Right to occupancy. A party has a right to
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occupancy of a residence or household if it is solely or jointly owned or leased by that party, that party's spouse, a person with a legal duty to support that party or a minor child in that party's care, or by any person or entity other than the opposing party that authorizes that party's occupancy (e.g., a domestic violence shelter). Standards set forth in subparagraph (B) shall not preclude equitable relief.
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(B) Presumption of hardships. If petitioner and
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respondent each has the right to occupancy of a residence or household, the court shall balance (i) the hardships to respondent and any minor child or dependent adult in respondent's care resulting from entry of this remedy with (ii) the hardships to petitioner and any minor child or dependent adult in petitioner's care resulting from continued exposure to the risk of abuse (should petitioner remain at the residence or household) or from loss of possession of the residence or household (should petitioner leave to avoid the risk of abuse). When determining the balance of hardships, the court shall also take into account the accessibility of the residence or household. Hardships need not be balanced if respondent does not have a right to occupancy.
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The balance of hardships is presumed to favor
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possession by petitioner unless the presumption is rebutted by a preponderance of the evidence, showing that the hardships to respondent substantially outweigh the hardships to petitioner and any minor child or dependent adult in petitioner's care. The court, on the request of petitioner or on its own motion, may order respondent to provide suitable, accessible, alternate housing for petitioner instead of excluding respondent from a mutual residence or household.
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(3) Stay away order and additional prohibitions.
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Order respondent to stay away from petitioner or any other person protected by the order of protection, or prohibit respondent from entering or remaining present at petitioner's school, place of employment, or other specified places at times when petitioner is present, or both, if reasonable, given the balance of hardships. Hardships need not be balanced for the court to enter a stay away order or prohibit entry if respondent has no right to enter the premises.
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If an order of protection grants petitioner
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exclusive possession of the residence, or prohibits respondent from entering the residence, or orders respondent to stay away from petitioner or other protected persons, then the court may allow respondent access to the residence to remove items of clothing and personal adornment used exclusively by respondent, medications, and other items as the court directs. The right to access shall be exercised on only one occasion as the court directs and in the presence of an agreed‑upon adult third party or law enforcement officer.
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(4) Counseling. Require or recommend the respondent
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to undergo counseling for a specified duration with a social worker, psychologist, clinical psychologist, psychiatrist, family service agency, alcohol or substance abuse program, mental health center guidance counselor, agency providing services to elders, program designed for domestic violence abusers or any other guidance service the court deems appropriate.
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(5) Physical care and possession of the minor child.
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In order to protect the minor child from abuse, neglect, or unwarranted separation from the person who has been the minor child's primary caretaker, or to otherwise protect the well‑being of the minor child, the court may do either or both of the following: (i) grant petitioner physical care or possession of the minor child, or both, or (ii) order respondent to return a minor child to, or not remove a minor child from, the physical care of a parent or person in loco parentis.
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If a court finds, after a hearing, that respondent
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has committed abuse (as defined in Section 112A‑3) of a minor child, there shall be a rebuttable presumption that awarding physical care to respondent would not be in the minor child's best interest.
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(6) Temporary legal custody. Award temporary legal
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custody to petitioner in accordance with this Section, the Illinois Marriage and Dissolution of Marriage Act, the Illinois Parentage Act of 1984, and this State's Uniform Child‑Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act.
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If a court finds, after a hearing, that respondent
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has committed abuse (as defined in Section 112A‑3) of a minor child, there shall be a rebuttable presumption that awarding temporary legal custody to respondent would not be in the child's best interest.
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(7) Visitation. Determine the visitation rights, if
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any, of respondent in any case in which the court awards physical care or temporary legal custody of a minor child to petitioner. The court shall restrict or deny respondent's visitation with a minor child if the court finds that respondent has done or is likely to do any of the following: (i) abuse or endanger the minor child during visitation; (ii) use the visitation as an opportunity to abuse or harass petitioner or petitioner's family or household members; (iii) improperly conceal or detain the minor child; or (iv) otherwise act in a manner that is not in the best interests of the minor child. The court shall not be limited by the standards set forth in Section 607.1 of the Illinois Marriage and Dissolution of Marriage Act. If the court grants visitation, the order shall specify dates and times for the visitation to take place or other specific parameters or conditions that are appropriate. No order for visitation shall refer merely to the term "reasonable visitation".
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Petitioner may deny respondent access to the minor
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child if, when respondent arrives for visitation, respondent is under the influence of drugs or alcohol and constitutes a threat to the safety and well‑being of petitioner or petitioner's minor children or is behaving in a violent or abusive manner.
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If necessary to protect any member of petitioner's
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family or household from future abuse, respondent shall be prohibited from coming to petitioner's residence to meet the minor child for visitation, and the parties shall submit to the court their recommendations for reasonable alternative arrangements for visitation. A person may be approved to supervise visitation only after filing an affidavit accepting that responsibility and acknowledging accountability to the court.
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(8) Removal or concealment of minor child. Prohibit
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respondent from removing a minor child from the State or concealing the child within the State.
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(9) Order to appear. Order the respondent to appear
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in court, alone or with a minor child, to prevent abuse, neglect, removal or concealment of the child, to return the child to the custody or care of the petitioner or to permit any court‑ordered interview or examination of the child or the respondent.
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(10) Possession of personal property. Grant
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petitioner exclusive possession of personal property and, if respondent has possession or control, direct respondent to promptly make it available to petitioner, if:
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(i) petitioner, but not respondent, owns the
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(ii) the parties own the property jointly;
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sharing it would risk abuse of petitioner by respondent or is impracticable; and the balance of hardships favors temporary possession by petitioner.
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If petitioner's sole claim to ownership of the
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property is that it is marital property, the court may award petitioner temporary possession thereof under the standards of subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph only if a proper proceeding has been filed under the Illinois Marriage and Dissolution of Marriage Act, as now or hereafter amended.
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No order under this provision shall affect title to
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(11) Protection of property. Forbid the respondent
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from taking, transferring, encumbering, concealing, damaging or otherwise disposing of any real or personal property, except as explicitly authorized by the court, if:
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(i) petitioner, but not respondent, owns the
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(ii) the parties own the property jointly, and
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the balance of hardships favors granting this remedy.
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If petitioner's sole claim to ownership of the
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property is that it is marital property, the court may grant petitioner relief under subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph only if a proper proceeding has been filed under the Illinois Marriage and Dissolution of Marriage Act, as now or hereafter amended.
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The court may further prohibit respondent from
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improperly using the financial or other resources of an aged member of the family or household for the profit or advantage of respondent or of any other person.
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(12) Order for payment of support. Order respondent
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to pay temporary support for the petitioner or any child in the petitioner's care or custody, when the respondent has a legal obligation to support that person, in accordance with the Illinois Marriage and Dissolution of Marriage Act, which shall govern, among other matters, the amount of support, payment through the clerk and withholding of income to secure payment. An order for child support may be granted to a petitioner with lawful physical care or custody of a child, or an order or agreement for physical care or custody, prior to entry of an order for legal custody. Such a support order shall expire upon entry of a valid order granting legal custody to another, unless otherwise provided in the custody order.
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(13) Order for payment of losses. Order respondent
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to pay petitioner for losses suffered as a direct result of the abuse. Such losses shall include, but not be limited to, medical expenses, lost earnings or other support, repair or replacement of property damaged or taken, reasonable attorney's fees, court costs and moving or other travel expenses, including additional reasonable expenses for temporary shelter and restaurant meals.
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(i) Losses affecting family needs. If a party
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is entitled to seek maintenance, child support or property distribution from the other party under the Illinois Marriage and Dissolution of Marriage Act, as now or hereafter amended, the court may order respondent to reimburse petitioner's actual losses, to the extent that such reimbursement would be "appropriate temporary relief", as authorized by subsection (a)(3) of Section 501 of that Act.
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(ii) Recovery of expenses. In the case of an
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improper concealment or removal of a minor child, the court may order respondent to pay the reasonable expenses incurred or to be incurred in the search for and recovery of the minor child, including but not limited to legal fees, court costs, private investigator fees, and travel costs.
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(14) Prohibition of entry. Prohibit the respondent
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from entering or remaining in the residence or household while the respondent is under the influence of alcohol or drugs and constitutes a threat to the safety and well‑being of the petitioner or the petitioner's children.
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(14.5) Prohibition of firearm possession. (a) When
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a complaint is made under a request for an order of protection, that the respondent has threatened or is likely to use firearms illegally against the petitioner, and the respondent is present in court, or has failed to appear after receiving actual notice, the court shall examine on oath the petitioner, and any witnesses who may be produced. If the court is satisfied that there is any danger of the illegal use of firearms, it shall include in the order of protection the requirement that any firearms in the possession of the respondent, except as provided in subsection (b), be turned over to the local law enforcement agency for safekeeping. If the respondent fails to appear, or refuses or fails to surrender his or her firearms, the court shall issue a warrant for seizure of any firearm in the possession of the respondent. The period of safekeeping shall be for a stated period of time not to exceed 2 years. The firearm or firearms shall be returned to the respondent at the end of the stated period or at expiration of the order of protection, whichever is sooner. (b) If the respondent is a peace officer as defined in Section 2‑13 of the Criminal Code of 1961, the court shall order that any firearms used by the respondent in the performance of his or her duties as a peace officer be surrendered to the chief law enforcement executive of the agency in which the respondent is employed, who shall retain the firearms for safekeeping for the stated period not to exceed 2 years as set forth in the court order.
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(15) Prohibition of access to records. If an order
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of protection prohibits respondent from having contact with the minor child, or if petitioner's address is omitted under subsection (b) of Section 112A‑5, or if necessary to prevent abuse or wrongful removal or concealment of a minor child, the order shall deny respondent access to, and prohibit respondent from inspecting, obtaining, or attempting to inspect or obtain, school or any other records of the minor child who is in the care of petitioner.
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(16) Order for payment of shelter services. Order
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respondent to reimburse a shelter providing temporary housing and counseling services to the petitioner for the cost of the services, as certified by the shelter and deemed reasonable by the court.
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(17) Order for injunctive relief. Enter injunctive
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relief necessary or appropriate to prevent further abuse of a family or household member or to effectuate one of the granted remedies, if supported by the balance of hardships. If the harm to be prevented by the injunction is abuse or any other harm that one of the remedies listed in paragraphs (1) through (16) of this subsection is designed to prevent, no further evidence is necessary to establish that the harm is an irreparable injury.
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(c) Relevant factors; findings.
(1) In determining whether to grant a specific
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remedy, other than payment of support, the court shall consider relevant factors, including but not limited to the following:
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(i) the nature, frequency, severity, pattern and
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consequences of the respondent's past abuse of the petitioner or any family or household member, including the concealment of his or her location in order to evade service of process or notice, and the likelihood of danger of future abuse to petitioner or any member of petitioner's or respondent's family or household; and
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(ii) the danger that any minor child will be
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abused or neglected or improperly removed from the jurisdiction, improperly concealed within the State or improperly separated from the child's primary caretaker.
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(2) In comparing relative hardships resulting to the
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parties from loss of possession of the family home, the court shall consider relevant factors, including but not limited to the following:
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(i) availability, accessibility, cost, safety,
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adequacy, location and other characteristics of alternate housing for each party and any minor child or dependent adult in the party's care;
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(ii) the effect on the party's employment; and
(iii) the effect on the relationship of the
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party, and any minor child or dependent adult in the party's care, to family, school, church and community.
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(3) Subject to the exceptions set forth in paragraph
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(4) of this subsection, the court shall make its findings in an official record or in writing, and shall at a minimum set forth the following:
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(i) That the court has considered the applicable
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relevant factors described in paragraphs (1) and (2) of this subsection.
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(ii) Whether the conduct or actions of
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respondent, unless prohibited, will likely cause irreparable harm or continued abuse.
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(iii) Whether it is necessary to grant the
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requested relief in order to protect petitioner or other alleged abused persons.
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(4) For purposes of issuing an ex parte emergency
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order of protection, the court, as an alternative to or as a supplement to making the findings described in paragraphs (c)(3)(i) through (c)(3)(iii) of this subsection, may use the following procedure:
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When a verified petition for an emergency order of
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protection in accordance with the requirements of Sections 112A‑5 and 112A‑17 is presented to the court, the court shall examine petitioner on oath or affirmation. An emergency order of protection shall be issued by the court if it appears from the contents of the petition and the examination of petitioner that the averments are sufficient to indicate abuse by respondent and to support the granting of relief under the issuance of the emergency order of protection.
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(5) Never married parties. No rights or
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responsibilities for a minor child born outside of marriage attach to a putative father until a father and child relationship has been established under the Illinois Parentage Act of 1984. Absent such an adjudication, no putative father shall be granted temporary custody of the minor child, visitation with the minor child, or physical care and possession of the minor child, nor shall an order of payment for support of the minor child be entered.
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(d) Balance of hardships; findings. If the court finds that the balance
of hardships does not support the granting of a remedy governed by
paragraph (2), (3), (10), (11), or (16) of
subsection (b) of this Section,
which may require such balancing, the court's findings shall so
indicate and shall include a finding as to whether granting the remedy will
result in hardship to respondent that would substantially outweigh the hardship
to petitioner
from denial of the remedy. The findings shall be an official record or in
writing.
(e) Denial of remedies. Denial of any remedy shall not be based, in
whole or in part, on evidence that:
(1) Respondent has cause for any use of force,
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unless that cause satisfies the standards for justifiable use of force provided by Article VII of the Criminal Code of 1961;
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(2) Respondent was voluntarily intoxicated;
(3) Petitioner acted in self‑defense or defense of
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another, provided that, if petitioner utilized force, such force was justifiable under Article VII of the Criminal Code of 1961;
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(4) Petitioner did not act in self‑defense or
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(5) Petitioner left the residence or household to
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avoid further abuse by respondent;
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(6) Petitioner did not leave the residence or
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household to avoid further abuse by respondent;
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(7) Conduct by any family or household member
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excused the abuse by respondent, unless that same conduct would have excused such abuse if the parties had not been family or household members.
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(Source: P.A. 93‑108, eff. 1‑1‑04.)
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